laporan penggunaan operating system: microsoft windows vista

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1 Laporan Penggunaan Operating System: Microsoft Windows Vista Disediakan oleh Jumain Sainoh/Kenneth Wong Bahagian Latihan dan Penyelidikan 5 Februari 2009 A. Microsoft Windows Vista: Pendahuluan Windows Vista adalah system pengoperasian yang terbaru selepas Windows XP. Dikeluarkan pada 30 Januari 2007. Versi semasa ialah 6.0 Service Pack 1 (SP1). Antara perubahan dan fitur baru Windows Vista termasuklah antaramuka grafik pengguna dan gaya visual yang telah dikemaskini. Windows Vista mempunyai 6 edisi iaitu Windows Vista Starter, Windows Vista Home Basic, Windows Vista Home Premium, Windows Vista Business, Windows Vista Enterprise dan Windows Vista Ultimate. Windows Vista Starter Lebih banyak seperti Windows XP Starter Edition. Mempunyai fungsi yang sangat terhad seperti membenarkan pengguna melaksanakan hanya 3 aplikasi dengan antaramuka pada satu- satu masa, tidak membenarkan sambungan rangkaian dan had bagi memori fizikal ialah 1GB. Hanya untuk pemproses AMD iaitu Athlon XP, Duron, Sempron dan Geode dan pemproses Intel iaitu Celeron, Pentium III dan beberapa model Pentium 4. Had boleh guna untuk cakera padat ialah hanya 250 GB. Beberapa desktop-wallpapers juga tidak boleh dijumpai pada versi Vista yang lain. Windows Vista Home Basic Sama seperti Windows XP Home Edition. Mempunyai translucent effects yang kurang pada temanya. Menyokong Desktop Window Manager tapi tanpa efek gelas. Menyokong sehingga 8 GB RAM. Mempunyai Windows Firewall, parental controls, Safety Center, Windows Movie Maker, Windows Photo Gallery dan lain-lain fungsi. Windows Vista Home Premium Mengandungi semua fitur yang ada pada Home Basic dan ditambah dengan fitur khas seperti HDTV dan DVD-authoring.

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Page 1: Laporan Penggunaan Operating System: Microsoft Windows Vista

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Laporan PenggunaanOperating System: Microsoft Windows Vista

Disediakan olehJumain Sainoh/Kenneth Wong

Bahagian Latihan dan Penyelidikan5 Februari 2009

A. Microsoft Windows Vista: Pendahuluan

Windows Vista adalah system pengoperasian yang terbaru selepas Windows XP. Dikeluarkan pada 30 Januari 2007. Versi semasa ialah 6.0 Service Pack 1 (SP1). Antara perubahan dan fitur baru Windows Vista termasuklah antaramuka grafik pengguna dan gaya visual yang telah dikemaskini. Windows Vista mempunyai 6 edisi iaitu Windows Vista Starter, Windows VistaHome Basic, Windows Vista Home Premium, Windows Vista Business, Windows VistaEnterprise dan Windows Vista Ultimate.

Windows Vista Starter

Lebih banyak seperti Windows XP Starter Edition. Mempunyai fungsi yang sangat terhad seperti membenarkan pengguna melaksanakan hanya 3 aplikasi dengan antaramuka pada satu-satu masa, tidak membenarkan sambungan rangkaian dan had bagi memori fizikal ialah 1GB. Hanya untuk pemproses AMD iaitu Athlon XP, Duron, Sempron dan Geode dan pemproses Intel iaitu Celeron, Pentium III dan beberapa model Pentium 4. Had boleh guna untuk cakera padat ialah hanya 250 GB. Beberapa desktop-wallpapers juga tidak boleh dijumpai pada versi Vista yang lain.

Windows Vista Home Basic

Sama seperti Windows XP Home Edition. Mempunyai translucent effects yang kurang pada temanya. Menyokong Desktop Window Manager tapi tanpa efek gelas. Menyokong sehingga 8 GB RAM. Mempunyai Windows Firewall, parental controls, Safety Center, Windows Movie Maker, Windows Photo Gallery dan lain-lain fungsi.

Windows Vista Home Premium

Mengandungi semua fitur yang ada pada Home Basic dan ditambah dengan fitur khas seperti HDTV dan DVD-authoring.

Page 2: Laporan Penggunaan Operating System: Microsoft Windows Vista

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Windows Vista Business

Setara dengan Windows XP Professional. Mempunyai semua fitur Home Basic dan ia juga mempunyai IIS web-server, fax support, Rights Management Services (RMS), file-system encryption, menyokong dual-processor (dua soket), system-image backup and recovery, sokongan fail off-line, versi penuh Remote Desktop yang menyokong rangkaian masuk ( incoming connections ), keupayaan kolaborasi ad-hoc P2P, Windows ShadowCopy dan beberapa fitur komersil lain.

Windows Vista Enterprise

Sama seperti Vista Business cuma terdapat penambahan-penambahan seperti pakejMultilingual User Interface ( MUI ), BitLocker Drive Encryption, dan sokongan aplikasiUNIX.

Windows Vista Ultimate

Windows Vista Ultimate menggabungkan semua fitur edisi Home Premium dan Enterprise ditambah dengan "Ultimate Extras".

B. Perbandingan antara Windows Vista dan Windows XP

Windows XP dan Windows Vista mempunyai perbezaan dari segi keselamatannya, teknologi rangkaian, pengurusan dan pentadbiran, antaramuka pengguna dan mobile computing. Terdapat banyak kritikan ke atas Windows XP yang berkaitan dengan masalah keselamatannya ( sekuriti ) dan isu-isu prestasi ( performance ) manakalau Vista menerima kritikan yang berkaitan dengan prestasi ( performance ) dan pengaktifan produk. Kritikan lain yang lazim adalah berkenaan dengan integrasinya dengan Digital Rights Management ( DRM ) ( ke dalam sistem pengoperasian ) dan teknologi sekuriti User Account Control ( UAC ).

Keserasian ( Compatibility )

Windows Vista menghadapi masalah “backward compatibility” dengan pelbagai games dan program utiliti yang dapat berjalan dalam Windows XP. Sehingga Julai 2007, terdapat kira-kira2,000 aplikasi yang membawa logo 'Vista Compatibility' khususnya, walaupun secara majoriti daripada aplikasi yang tidak mempunyai logo itu tidak menghadapi sebarang masalah semasa dalam penggunaan.

Page 3: Laporan Penggunaan Operating System: Microsoft Windows Vista

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Prestasi ( Performance )

Pelbagai ujian prestasi telah membuktikan bahawa XP mengatasi Vista dalam hal-halproduktiviti yang tertentu. Operasi salin fail adalah salah satu bukti yang menunjukkan Vista melaksanakannya lebih baik daripada XP. Dalam satu ujian yang telah dijalankan oleh CRN Test Center, satu fail bersaiz 1.25 GB telah disalin ke desktop masing-masing daripada satu rangkaian kongsi (network share) dan bagi XP, ia mengambil masa 2 minit 54 saat manakala Vista SP1 pula mengambil 2 minit 29 saat. Dalam ujian-ujian lain yang berkaitan dengan grafik dan juga kelajuan, didapati Vista bukanlah satu pengganti yang sangat baik.

Keselamatan ( Security )

Dalam Windows XP, setiap pengguna akan ditetapkan sebagai administrator (by default) melainkan ditambah melalui Computer Management. Oleh sebab itu, kebanyakkan pengguna menggunakan perisian mereka dengan akses administrator. Maka itu, ini akan menyebabkan mereka akan terdedah kepada ancaman sekuriti.

Fitur (Feature) Windows XP Windows VistaWindows Defender Boleh didapati sebagai muaturun percuma YaWindows Firewall Ya YaWindows Security

CenterYa ( bermula dengan SP2 ) Ya

BitLocker Drive Encryption

TidakYa ( Enterprise danUltimate sahaja )

Parental controlsSesetengah ( Internet Explorer membenarkan parental

control dalam web browsing )Ya

User Account Control

Tidak Ya

Data Execution Prevention

Ya (bermula dengan SP2) Ya

Stail Visual ( Visual styles )

Luna ialah stail visual yang default dalam Windows XP. Boleh didapati dalam tiga warna iaitu default ( biru ), hijau zaitun dan perak. Kecuali edisi Windows XP Media Center yang didatangkan dengan tema default iaitu Royale.

Page 4: Laporan Penggunaan Operating System: Microsoft Windows Vista

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Dalam kebanyakkan Windows Vista, tema default adalah Windows Aero. Aero mempunyai efek-efek khas dan juga ‘live thumbnails’, ‘animated transitions’ dan ‘Flip 3D’. Walau bagaimanapun ia memerlukan kad grafik video yang lebih canggih ( high-end ), sokongan DirectX 9 dan warna 32-bit ataupun jika tidak Windows Vista akan memaparkan menggunakan stail visual "Windows Vista Basic".

C. Isu-Isu Berkaitan

Sepanjang penggunaan Windows Vista yang terdapat dalam komputer-komputer di Makmal Latihan ICT JPKN, hanya terdapat beberapa isu yang dihadapi setakat ini. Antaranya adalah seperti berikut:

Isu IIS ( Internet Information Services )

IIS adalah salah satu isu yang kritikal untuk pembangunan laman web mahupun sistem yang berasaskan web. Salah satu daripadanya adalah dengan menggunakan perisian Adobe Dreamweaver.

Oleh itu, bagi kursus yang melibatkan perkara-perkara yang disebutkan di atas, adalah sukar untuk dijalankan di makmal ICT JPKN. Dalam keadaan yang mendesak, program Virtual PC telah digunakan untuk membolehkan kursus-kursus seperti ini dijalankan di makmal ICT ini.

Isu Rangkaian

Oleh kerana isu sekuriti adalah satu keutamaan dalam Windows Vista, maka ianya telah menjadi ketat dan memerlukan banyak prosedur. Bagi memboleh perkongsian dalam rangkaian, banyak prosedur yang perlu diambil dan ini merumitkan lagi keadaan.

Note:

1. Bilik Latihan ICT JPKN mempunyai 15 unit komputer yang disewa dari pembekal tempatan.2. Semua komputer diinstal dengan Microsoft Windows Vista Business Edition.

D. Rumusan / Cadangan

Secara keseluruhannya, keadaan ini menunjukkan bahawa Microsoft Windows XP masih lagi menjadi pilihan. Walau bagaimanapun, tidak dinafikan juga bahawa lambat laun Windows Vista perlu juga diterima dan digunapakai.

Dari segi kos, Windows XP merupakan satu pilihan yang lebih murah berbanding Windows Vista, akan tetapi hanya sampai bila ianya boleh digunakan. Mungkin ini perlu dipertimbangkan mengikut keperluan Makmal Latihan ICT JPKN.

Page 5: Laporan Penggunaan Operating System: Microsoft Windows Vista

The Vista Editions

Vista EditionVista Home

BasicVista Home

PremiumVista

BusinessVista

EnterpriseVista

UltimateFull Price $199 $239 $299 License only $399Upgrade Price $99 $159 $199 License only $259Fancy Aero "Glass" UI No Yes Yes Yes YesUser Account Control (UAC) Yes Yes Yes Yes YesWindows Firewall/Defender Yes Yes Yes Yes YesIE7 with phishing filter, protected mode

Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

Instant Search Yes Yes Yes Yes YesMaximum supported RAM (32-bit version)

4GB 4GB 4GB 4GB 4GB

Maximum supported RAM (64-bit version)

8GB 16GB 128GB 128GB 128GB

Number of logical CPUs (cores) supported

Unlimited Unlimited Unlimited Unlimited Unlimited

Number of physical CPUs supported

1 2 2 2 2

Backup and recover Yes Yes Yes Yes YesScheduled backup No Yes Yes Yes YesVolume Shadow Copy No No Yes Yes YesBitLocker (drive encryption) No No No Yes YesSuperFetch Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes"Premium" Games No Yes Yes Yes YesMedia Player 11 Yes Yes Yes Yes YesPhoto Gallery Yes Yes Yes Yes YesMedia Center (with HDTV/cablecard support)

No Yes No No Yes

Windows Movie Maker (with HD support)

No Yes No No Yes

Windows DVD Maker No Yes No No YesRemote Desktop Limited Limited Yes Yes YesOffline Files/Folders No No Yes Yes YesIIS Web Server No No Yes Yes YesMeeting Space Interaction Limited Yes Yes Yes YesRights Management Services No No Yes Yes YesTablet PC Functionality No Yes Yes Yes YesSideShow No Yes Yes Yes YesSpeech Recognition Yes Yes Yes Yes YesFax and Scan No No Yes Yes YesUltimate Extras No No No No Yes

Page 6: Laporan Penggunaan Operating System: Microsoft Windows Vista

Windows Vista vs. Windows XP

Windows Vista has:

New features

Improved security

Better overall user experience

Discover new features in Windows Vista

Windows Vista offers a considerable number of new and improved features over Windows XP. Some of these

great new features include:

Windows Aero: Windows Vista features a totally different look for its interface—a cleaner, transparent look

with impressive graphic quality, not to mention Live Icons and the new Windows Flip 3D feature. Windows

Aero requires a higher-end video graphics card; otherwise, Windows Vista is displayed using Windows Basic.

Check with your computer manufacturer, or use the Windows Vista Upgrade Advisor to see whether your

video card is ready for Windows Aero.

Windows Sidebar: Windows Vista offers a panel (transparent, if you're using Windows Aero) that displays

your selection of Windows gadgets—mini-applications that perform useful functions, such as a clock, a

calendar, a Microsoft Office Outlook inbox representation, and currency exchange.

Microsoft Windows Media Player 11: While you can download it for Windows XP, this latest and greatest

version of Windows Media Player is designed for Windows Vista and shouldn't be missed. With its new

graphics-oriented interface, Windows Media Player 11 abandons the text-oriented look and field of previous

versions. Did I mention that you can also use Windows Media Player 11 to share your media over your

private home network?

Windows Search: One of the most helpful new features in Windows Vista, you can now search for files or

applications from almost anywhere. Unlike in Windows XP, with Window Search, you can simply type a few

letters of your search request, and the results appear on the fly—a helpful feature when looking for a file or

application from the Start menu. For example, type fir, and Windows Firewall entries appear in the Start

menu.

Enjoy better security

People are concerned about security these days—not only Windows security but also how to protect

themselves and their families when using their home computers. Microsoft has addressed both of these

issues head on in Windows Vista. Some of the improved security features in the new operating system

include:

Page 7: Laporan Penggunaan Operating System: Microsoft Windows Vista

Parental Controls: Windows Vista includes Parental Controls that let you as the computer administrator set

highly specific boundaries for other users, including separate standard user accounts for family members,

especially children. You can set very specific rules and usage limitations for individual users. You can set

rules such as which sites a certain user can or cannot access and hours during which a particular user can

use the computer; you can also curtail access to specific applications and view where other users have been

on your computer and on the Web.

Windows Vista User Account Control (UAC): UAC is a new security feature that lets you operate

Windows Vista more as a standard user than as a true administrator, where you have complete access to

everything. Features that UAC protects, denoted with a multi-colored shield, require your permission or

validation before you can access them.

Windows Firewall: Windows Vista now features two different firewalls: the standard firewall that was

available in Windows XP and Windows Firewall with Advanced Features. The latter offers true firewall

protection, including bidirectional filters, meaning that both incoming and outgoing data are scanned.

Other security features, such as BitLocker Drive Encryption, are available in some editions of Windows Vista.

All Windows Vista editions feature the latest version of Windows Defender, Microsoft's anti-spyware

application.

An improved user experience

The overall user experience in Windows Vista goes far beyond what is available in Windows XP. Some of the

things that I've found really enjoyable are:

The new Start menu: The Start menu displays everything within the context of a single menu. Instead of

having to scroll through a list of applications (which took up considerable screen real estate in Windows XP),

you can now view a single, collapsible Start menu.

Improved folders: Searching folders is considerably easier in Windows Vista. My Documents, My Music, My

Videos, and so on are simplified and appear simply as Documents, Music, Videos. These folders are always present

when you search folders. For example, if you're in the Documents folder, folder representations of Music, Videos,

Searches, and so on, appear on the left side of the Documents folder.

Live Icons: When you're using Windows Aero, you can hover your mouse over open windows in the task

bar and see a live representation of what's running in them. You can get the same preview by using the

Windows Flip 3D feature or even by pressing ALT+TAB to toggle windows and folders, which makes

navigation much easier.

Faster Operating System. The days of waiting several minutes for Windows XP to load are over; Windows

Vista loads within 45 seconds and is ready to go almost instantly. If you have to install Windows Vista, you

can perform a full installation in about 35 minutes.

Page 8: Laporan Penggunaan Operating System: Microsoft Windows Vista

Compare Windows XP to Windows Vista

Windows XP Windows Vista

Enjoy more

Find, fix, and share photos

Organize, edit, and share your favorite photos with family and friends using Windows

Photo Gallery.

Find almost anything

Find documents, e-mail, photos, and more in a snap through Instant Search.

Turn any room into a media room

Manage and enjoy digital photos, music, TV shows, and movies in your living room with

Windows Media Center.M

Play the way you want

Easily install, organize, and play games using Windows Game Explorer.

Make movie magic

Retain high-definition quality as you capture, edit, and publish movies from a video

camcorder with Windows Movie Maker.2

Page 9: Laporan Penggunaan Operating System: Microsoft Windows Vista

Windows XP feature improved in Windows Vista

Windows XP Windows

Vista

Worry less

Help your kids stay safer

Help keep your children safer online with customizable Parental Controls.

Back up and restore files

Get improved backup and restore functions, including automatically scheduled backups,

with Windows Backup and Restore Center.

Help safeguard sensitive data

Better protect your data against loss or theft if your mobile PC is ever lost or stolen with

Windows BitLocker Drive Encryption.B

Guard against external threats

Help protect your PC from external threats with Windows Firewall.

Find and remove spyware

Help protect your PC by regularly scanning your computer for spyware with Windows

Defender.3

Page 10: Laporan Penggunaan Operating System: Microsoft Windows Vista

Home Vista—Basic and Premium

There are two versions of Vista made for the home, titled appropriately enough, "Home Basic" and "Home Premium."

Both of these give you much of the basic good stuff that you'd want to upgrade to Vista for. They have all the security enhancements, the new version of Internet Explorer 7 with that super extra-secure "protected mode," the Firewall and anti-spyware program (Windows Defender), stuff like that. Don't confuse spyware protection with virus protection—neither version has a virus scanning and cleaning program. Both also offer the Superfetch caching system that pro-loads data into RAM to help reduce hard drive utilization, with the ability to use some USB 2.0 thumb drives to make it run even faster.

Both Basic and Premium will support CPUs with as many cores as you like. If Intel comes out with an 8-core CPU in two years, you should be all set no matter which one you buy. If you plan to run a system with more than one physical CPU—meaning two CPUs in two sockets—you're going to need any version of Vista but the Home Basic edition. Home Basic is also limited to 8GB in its 64-bit version, while Premium supports up to 16GB. We expect that won't be a major differentiation factor for a couple more years. The 32-bit versions of Vista are all limited to 4GB of RAM.

It's when you start to look at bundled applications that you see some differences in the two Home editions. You get full speech recognition in every version of Vista, and it's a totally cool feature that not many have tried out. The Photo Gallery and Media Player 11 are in both versions. Editing movies and saving them to DVD is reserved for Premium (unless you buy third-party software, of course). The "premium" games bundled with Vista, like Chess or the kid's title Purble Palace, are only in the Premium edition.

The two differ a lot in some core usability and interface features, too. While both editions have that nifty instant search feature that reveals results as you type (ala the Mac OS X's Spotlight, only more robust), and you can backup and recover your user folders or entire drives, that's about the extent of the similarities. Windows Sideshow is a feature that lets Vista send information to remote or secondary displays, and it's not in the Basic edition. Tablet PC functionality isn't in there, either. You can use backup and restore on both Basic and Premium, but Basic won't let you schedule unattended backups. Remote Desktop is limited to incoming connections on both of these editions. Meeting Space is a kind of nifty collaboration and whiteboarding tool, but with the Basic edition you can only view them. You need Premium or better to participate.

The two big "missing from Basic but found in Premium" features are the fancy Aero interface and Windows Media Center. The Aero "Glass" interface is that nifty 3D accelerated, somewhat transparent, smoothly animating UI that you see in demos of Vista. Without it, the desktop looks sort of plain and flat, and the whole OS is just plain and not as fun. Windows Media Center needs no real introduction at this point—it's the 10-foot interface for using your PC to listen to music, watch video, record TV programs, and so on. It's only in the Premium and Ultimate editions.

Page 11: Laporan Penggunaan Operating System: Microsoft Windows Vista

Work Vista—Business and Enterprise

While most of you trying to decide which form of Vista to buy will consider the two Home editions or Ultimate, there are some that may consider the Business alternatives. Generally speaking, this is something your place of business will buy or get when they finally upgrade your work PCs about two years after all the employees start complaining about how old and slow they are.

Vista Business costs a bit more than even Home Premium does, while Vista Enterprise doesn't have a simple per-unit price. Enterprise is only available in volume licensing deals—you're not going to see it in stores. Both editions have all the basic Vista security and UI stuff. Instant Search, the Firewall and Windows Defender, User Account Control, the Aero UI, IE7 with protected mode, SuperFetch, Media Player 11, and Photo Gallery are all in there.

These editions are very similar to the Home Premium model, only without Media Center, Windows Movie Maker, or Windows DVD Maker. In a nutshell, that's the difference between the home and work editions.

The work editions do add a few of their own unique twists, though. Like Home Premium, they support two physical CPUs and as many logical CPUs (cores) as you may have. But the 64-bit versions of Business and Enterprise support up to a whopping 128GB of RAM. Note that these aren't the editions made for servers—that will come later, and will support more physical processors and probably an even higher RAM limit.

One of the best new technologies in the Business and Enterprise editions is Volume Shadow Copy. This feature first appeared in Windows XP in a very limited fashion, but the robust model used in Vista can be found in Windows Server 2003. Basically, it takes periodic snapshots of your files as they are changed, and keeps them around. You can right-click on a file, choose Properties, and from there restore to a previous version of the file. You can find an example of this at Microsoft's site.

Volume Shadow Copy technology is used to allow even open files to be backed up with system backup software, but it can be really handy when you suddenly realize you saved over a document without renaming it, or some other such common error. Built-in faxing and scanning support are reserved for these office-bound editions, too.

These editions of Vista also include Rights Management Services, truly a feature made for the office environment. RMS is basically a DRM for corporate e-mail, documents, and intranet web pages. It allows you to encrypt these kinds of sensitive data, and then set server-side policies about who can decrypt what. Server admins can restrict who can perform specific functions like copying, deleting, or printing. Other technologies made for more of a client/server centric work network like the IIS7 web server and support for offline files and folders are found only in Business and Enterprise.

One last interesting feature available in Enterprise edition, but not Business, is a full drive encryption technology Microsoft calls BitLocker. It requires a hardware "Trusted Platform Module" or special USB key in order to operate, and is designed for large corporate environments where regular password protection to systems is inadequate.

Page 12: Laporan Penggunaan Operating System: Microsoft Windows Vista

Vista Ultimate, and choosing the right edition

The granddaddy of Vista editions is appropriately titled Windows Vista Ultimate, which includes everything from every other edition. All the media stuff from the Home Premium edition like Media Center and Windows Movie Maker, together with all the office stuff like BitLocker, Volume Shadow Copy, Rights Management Services, and full Meeting Space interactivity. There's nothing in any other version that isn't in Ultimate, but Ultimate does have one thing none of the others do—it's called Windows Ultimate Extras.

What are these "Ultimate Extras?" We have no idea! If you have Vista Ultimate, you'll find Ultimate Extras in the Windows Update application. Microsoft describes them as "programs, services, and tips and tricks" that are reserved for users of Vista Ultimate Edition. Unfortunately, in all the Vista beta releases and even the current RTM final code, this online repository of additional goodness is totally empty. We tried asking Microsoft what users can expect to find there at the end of January, but they're keeping quiet for now.

So which edition do you go with? We would honestly recommend avoiding the Home Basic version. The 3D accelerated Aero UI is a big thing to lose, and Media Center can be really nice even if you don't plan on using a TV tuner card. If you were thinking of Home Basic because you fear that you don't have the hardware to run Vista with all the bells and whistles on anyway, you should probably just stick with Windows XP until upgrade time.

For most users, Home Premium is going to be the way to go. It offers all the nice UI and media stuff, and while a couple of things in the office versions (like Volume Shadow Copy) would be nice to have, you're not missing out on much.

The Business and Enterprise editions are best reserved for the office. It's like Home Premium with some nice extra workplace features, minus Media Center. If Media Center was included, we would suggest these as alternatives for home power users, in fact. There's a bit of a price premium for these editions; enough that home users probably won't find it worth the extra money to get some features they won't even use very often.

Ultimate is great, but that price tag—ouch! Of course, all these prices are "suggested retail" and we regularly find Windows XP far below its MSRP. Windows XP Home retails for $199, or $99 for the upgrade version. Windows XP Professional is $100 more. We almost never see those prices in the real world, and we suspect Vista won't cost quite as much as Microsoft's MSRP, too. Still, at $259 just for the upgrade and four hundred bucks for the full version, Vista Ultimate is a lot to swallow. What it adds, for home users, isn't really enough to justify the huge price jump from Home Premium. For business users, the only major addition seems to be Media Center.

The real wildcard is that mysterious Vista Ultimate Extras function that has thus far gone unused. If Microsoft quickly populates that area with some bona-fide, worth-paying-money-for, extremely useful stuff, Ultimate might actually be worth the price premium. If that doesn't happen, we think Home Premium is the real sweet spot for most users.

Page 13: Laporan Penggunaan Operating System: Microsoft Windows Vista

Windows Vista system requirements

Vista Capable Vista Premium Ready

Processor 800 MHz 1 GHz

Memory 512 MB 1 GB

Graphics card DirectX 9.0 capableDirectX 9.0 capable and WDDM 1.0 driver

support

Graphics memory 32 MB 128 MB

HDD capacity 20 GB 40 GB

HDD free space 15 GB

Other drives DVD-ROM