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#301 (360) 27 ianvari _ 3 Tebervali 2015 saxalxo moZraoba „samegrelos“ organo 30 TeTri

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evropis erebi erovnul saxelmwifoebriobaze uaris saTqmelad mzad ar aRmoCndnenJurnalist irakli Toduas interviu

baton aleqsandre WaWiasTan daibeWda

2012 wels, gazeTSi

“saqarTvelo da msoflio”

_ batono aleqsandre, cota xnis wininternetSi wavikiTxe Tqveni 2004 wlisgamosvla evropis politologTa fo-rumze, sadac Tqven amtkicebdiT, romevrokavSirs momavali ar aqvs, e.i.saqarTvelo iswrafvis im struqturaSi,romelic sul male aRar iarsebebs?

_ evrokavSiri kidec rom iyos md-gradi, perspeqtiuli organizacia,saqarTvelosTvis misi kari mainc daxu-ruli iqneboda. Cven verasodesgavxdebiT erTiani evropuli sivrcisnawili, es yvela adamians esmis, vinc ge-ografia icis, geopolitikaze aRarafersvambob. SevardnaZisa da misi memkvidree-bis mier mocemuli piroba, saqarTvelosevrokavSirSi Seyvanis Taobaze, Tavi-danve blefi, mimndobi mosaxleobis mo-tyueba iyo. magram dRes es imdenadabsurdulia, rom mTavrobis odiozuriwarmomadgenlebic ki amjobineben, arganavrcon es Tema – ukve Zaliansasacilod JRers.

evrokavSirs, mxolod `Zvel evropas~rom moicavdes, SeeZlo sakmaod didxans– kidev 20 weli earseba da ekonomiku-rad ganviTarebuliyo, magramamerikelebma daJinebiT moiTxovesevrokavSiris SemadgenlobaSi aR-mosavleT evropis qveynebis Seyvana, raTaisini ruseTisTvis moewyvitaT da amavedros, evrokavSiri daesustebiaT, aman kisaerTo viTareba Zireulad Secvala.dRes kavSiris wamyvan wevrebs – germa-nias, safrangeTs _ am qveynebis sustiekonomikis mxardaWera sakuTariresursebis xarjze uwevT. is saxsrebi,romlebic tradiciuli, magramSedarebiT Raribi evropuli qveynebis(esenia italia, saberZneTi, espaneTi dasxv.) ekonomikis mxardasaWerad ixarje-boda, axla kavSiris aTeulobiT axalwevr qveyanaze ifanteba. ramden xansSeiZleba ase gagrZeldes? germanelebsmobezrdaT evropeli muqTaxorebisTvismewveli Zroxis rolSi yofna.ekonomikis araTanabari ganviTarebaSeuZlebels xdis am qveynebis Tanaarse-bobas saerTo samarTlebrivi sivrcisCarCoebSi. saberZneTis gakotreba mx-olod dasawyisia. portugalia, irlan-dia, espaneTi rigSi dganan, Zalian mZimemdgomareoba aqvs italias. undagvaxsovdes isic, rom germaniisa dasafrangeTis sagareo valic yveladasaSveb zRvars aRemateba. saerTod,droa, vaRiaroT, rom liberaluri kapi-talizmis modelma, romlis mixedviTacdasavleTi bolo 50 wlis ganmavlobaSiviTardeba, sakuTari Tavi amowura,evropis qveynebi CixSi Seiyvana. adre Tugvian evropelebs da amerikelebs mouw-evT imis aRiareba, rom valebSi cxovre-bis gagrZeleba SeuZlebelia, saWiroamoxmarebis mkveTri Semcireba, metimuSaoba da realurad gamomuSavebulifulis Sesabamisad cxovreba. winaaR-mdeg SemTxvevaSi yvelas «berZnulivarianti» elis. da maSin evropiserovnuli ekonomikebisa daevrokavSiris kraxi moxdeba.

kidev ufro mniSvnelovani faqtori,romelic uperspeqtivos xdisevrokavSiris arsebobas, xalxTaerovnuli TviTSegnebaa. miuxedavadamerikelebis warmodgenisa, romlebicTvlidnen, rom saerTo ekonomikuri

sivrce TandaTan waSlida erovnul gan-sxvavebebs da erebi gadaiqceodnen erT-ian uerovnebo masad, evropis xalxebisdid nawils erovnuli TviTSegnebaezrdeba, erovnuli TviTgadarCenis in-stinqti iRviZebs. erTiani evropis kon-stitucia, miuxedavad kolosaluriagitaciur-propagandistuli muSaobisa,mainc ver miiRes. evrokavSiri Taname-drove msoflioSi ver gaxda da ukveveRar gaxdeba erTiani geopolitikurisubieqti. ras warmoadgenenevrokavSiris oficialuri xelmZR-vanelebi, vin uwevs maT msoflioSi an-gariSs? vin miiCnevs seriozulpolitikur figurad barozus, vin aRiq-vams eStons evropis sagareo saqmeTaministrad? es sasacilo, karikaturulifigurebia, romlebic imas asruleben,razec germaniisa da safrangeTisxelmZRvanelebi (jerjerobiT isev aSS-is TanamonawileobiT) moilaparakeben.

evropis erebi erovnul saxelmwifoe-briobaze uaris saTqmelad mzad ar aR-moCndnen, metic, aSS-isa dazogadevropuli struqturebis mxridanganxorcielebulma zewolam ukureaqcia_ nacionalizmis zrda gamoiwvia. dRessul ufro meti germaneli, frangi, ital-ieli iTxovs migraciis SezRudvas, daara mxolod afro-aziuri, aramed aR-mosavleT evropulisac. moiTxovenerovnuli valutis dabrunebas, evropisSigniT sabaJoebis aRdgenas, erovnulibazrebis dacvas, erovnuli saqonlisada adgilobrivi muSaxelis mimarT sax-elmwifo proteqcionizms. metic _evropuli qveynebis SigniTac Zlierdebaseparatistuli tendenciebi: italiaCrdiloeTad da samxreTad gaxleCiszRvarze dgas, espaneTSi isev ramdenimesaxelmwifod dayofis saSiSroebaa.patara belgiac ki – Tavis drozexelovnurad Seqmnili saxelmwifo, sic-ocxlisunariani ar aRmoCnda da yovelwuTs daSla emuqreba, briuseli ki amdros evrokavSiris dedaqalaqia!

Tu evropuli qveynebis xelmZR-vaneloba, politikuri da inteleqtu-aluri elita ar miaqceven saTanadoyuradRebas sakuTari erebis mzard uk-mayofilebas, ar daabruneben TavianTiqveynebis ganviTarebas erovnulkalapotSi, maSin Sedegi ufro seri-ozuli iqneba, vidre, ubralod,evrokavSiris daSlaa. ar unda dagvavi-wydes, rom evropa faSizmis samSobloa.faSisturi da naxevradfaSisturi re-Jimebi gasuli saukunis 30-ian wlebSiTiTqmis yvela evropul qveyanaSi iyo,sruliad evropa daavadda faSizmiT.dResac daukmayofilebeli erovnulimoTxovnebi SeiZleba realur faSisturganwyobilebebSi gadaizardos. am trans-formaciis provocireba nebismiermsxvil kataklizms ZaluZs – finansur-ekonomikur kriziss, teqnogenur katas-trofas, msxvil mowinaaRmdegesTan,magaliTad, iranTan oms.

_ saqarTvelos natoSi SesvlasTandakavSirebul banalur SekiTxvasacdagisvamT, Tu Tqven amaze pasuxis gacemaar mogbezrdaT.

_ am kiTxvaze im droidan vcem pasuxs,rac SevardnaZem gaaxmiana es qimera,romelic Zalian Zviri daujda da jerkidev ujdeba Cvens xalxs. es sakuTarieris Tavxedurad motyuebis klasikurimagaliTia. arsebobs tyuili, romelicsimarTles hgavs, da aris absurdulityuilic. Cveni qveynis mmarTvelebmagamoacxades da lamis erovnuli ideis

rangSi aiyvanes natoSi Sesvlisa damisi daxmarebiT teritoriulimTlianobis aRdgenis sakiTxi, anu ab-surduli tyuili Tqves. sakvirvelia, ma-gram maT mosaxleobis did nawilsdaajeres es absurdi. metic, ruseTTanyvela molaparakeba teritoriulimTlianobis aRdgenis Sesaxeb Sevard-naZem farsad aqcia, is xom faqtobrivadrusebs eubneboda: dagvibruneT afx-azeTi da samxreT oseTi da saqarTveloerTianad Seva natoSio! Tanac irwmune-boda, rom ruseTi amaze unda daTanxme-buliyo.

_ SevardnaZis bolo interviuebiT TuvimsjelebT, am perspeqtivis mas TviTonar sjera. piriqiT, mouwodebs xelisu-flebas, moagvaron urTierTobebiruseTTan, dasavleTis daxmarebas kiteritoriebis dabrunebis saqmeSigamoricxavs. axlaxan `asaval-dasaval-isTvis~ micemul interviuSi sityva-sityviT ambobs: `saomar mdgomareobaSimyof qveyanas, romelsac teritoriebiaqvs dasabrunebeli, natoSi aravin mi-iRebs. afxazeTisa da samaCablosdabrunebis gza ki mxolod ruseTzegadis~.

_ gadadgomis Semdeg xandaxansimarTlesac ambobs. vin uSlida amisgakeTebas, rodesac prezidenti iyo? 12weli xalxs abiTurebda, qveyana daan-gria da Zalaufleba Tavis memkvidreebsgadasca, romlebic bevrad ufrodaxvewili matyuarebi arian, vidre maTimaswavlebeli.

saqarTvelos Teoriulad SeuZlianatoSi Sesvla, magram mxolod afx-azeTisa da samxreT oseTis damoukide-blobis aRiarebis da am teritoriebzeyvelanair pretenziaze uaris TqmisSemdeg. qveynis xelmZRvanelobas esmSvenivrad esmis, dasavleTTan kulu-arul saubrebSi am regionebisdamoukideblobis aRiarebis mzadyofnasgamoTqvamen, magram ar ician, rogor mia-wodon es qarTvel xalxs. aRiarebisidea, rogorc cnobilia, ukve Semogdebu-lia qarTul sazogadoebaSi. vfiqrob,arCevnebis Semdeg am mimarTulebiTmuSaoba gaZlierdeba da SekveTiliSedegis mqone romelime plebiscitiTdasruldeba. magram, rogorc kigavxdebiT natos wevri, Cvensa damowyvetil respublikebs Soris iseTkedels avaSenebT, romlis gadalaxvacukve SeuZlebeli gaxdeba.

natos arasodes, arsad gauerTianebiateritoriebi. piriqiT, sadac ki Sevida,yvelgan amas qveynis ramdenime kvazisax-elmwifod daSla mohyva. minda Se-vaxseno maT, vinc ocnebobssaqarTveloSi natos bazebze, rom imaveeraySi, romelic amerikelebma «tirani-isgan gaaTavisufles», maTi jarebis gay-vanis dRe saxelmwifo dResaswauladaagamocxadebuli, xolo iaponelebis abso-luturi umravlesoba miiCnevs, romiaponiis istoriaSi yvelaze bednieridRe okinavidan amerikuli bazis gayva-nis dRe iqneba.

CvenTan uyvarT moyola, Tu rogorgabednierdnen natosa da evrokavSirSiSesvlis Semdeg baltiispireTisqveynebi, magram, Tu statistikas mivmar-TavT, aRmovaCenT, rom litvismosaxleoba 10 wlis manZilze mesamediTSemcirda, latviidan 300 000 adamianiwavida da iq axla mosaxleoba 2 mil-ionic ar aris. patara estoneTSi re-aluri umuSevroba 25-dan 30procentamde meryeobs, xolo 63 aTas es-

tonel bavSvs sistematurad ar hyofnissakvebi. ai, ase `gabednierdnen~ esqveynebi.

iciT, vinaa yvelaze metad, aSS-isgarda, saqarTvelos natoSi SesvliTdainteresebuli? TurqeTi da afx-azeTisa da oseTis politikuri wreebi.TurqeTs es miscems saSualebas, ruseTsarc Sexedos, natos bazebis egidiT Seiy-vanos Tavisi jarebi saqarTveloSi,saidanac 200 wlis win isini rusebma ga-yares. xolo Zveli urTierTobebis aRd-genis mowinaaRmdegeebs afxazeTsa daoseTSi es imis garantias aZlevs, romaranair reintegraciul proeqtebzesaqarTvelosTan aRarasodes iqnebasaubari. ra integracia unda iyos maSin,rodesac sazRvris erT mxares natosTurquli jarebi dgas, meore mxares ki– ruseTis jarebi?

garda amisa, nato aris organizacia,romelmac sakuTari Tavis diskredita-cia moaxdina. imave evropaSi miliono-biT adamiani moiTxovs sakuTarimTavrobebisgan natodan gamosvlas,radgan miaCniaT, rom amoraluria yofnaiseT agresiul organizaciaSi, romelicmTel msoflioSi sisxls Rvris. evro-pelebs esmiT, rom nato mxolodamerikuli interesebis realizaciis in-strumenti gaxda, xolo am interese-bisTvis brZola da sikvdilievropelebs uwevT. amitomaa, rom evropisqveynebma, romlebic sakuTar Tavs pativsscemen, avRaneTidan TavianTi samxedrokontingenti gamoiyvanes, qarTvelebi ki,gaugebaria, ratom darCnen iq sazarbaznexorcad.

sainteresoa, rom saqarTveloSiubralo xalxic ki, rac ar unda Tqvangayalbebuli plebiscitis Sedegebze,natoSi Sesvlis perspeqtivis mimarTnegatiuradaa ganwyobili. xalxis esdamokidebuleba igrZnes zogierTmaopozicionerma politikosebma, rom-lebic sul cota xnis win natosmgznebare agitatorebi iyvnen, bolodros ki am sakiTxze Zalian TavSekave-buli pozicia daikaves. amerikelebisRiad wyeninebis jer kidev eSiniaT, ma-gram natos qeba-didebasac veRar be-daven.

_ riT aris ganpirobebulimsoflioSi aSS-is aseTi agresiulipolitika? nuTu mxolod navTobismsoflio maragebze kontrolis sur-viliT? aSS-is ekonomikuri mdgomareobaxom katastrofas uaxlovdeba _ mx-olod sagareo valma 13 triliondolars gadaaWarba. aseTi giganturiTanxis warmodgenac ki rTulia...

(gagrZeleba Semdeg nomerSi)

ilori2 27 ianvari _ 3 Tebervali 2015

uzustobas Seicavs vaxuStis cnobaimis Sesaxeb, rom TiTqos berZenTamier afxazeTis teritoriis dapyrobisSemdeg ewoda am istoriul-geografi-ul erTeuls berZnuli saxelwodeba,,abasa“. saqme isaa, rom Zvel berZnulSi,,afxazeTis“ aRmniSvnelad damowmebu-lia abaskoi forma da misi variantebi:abasgoi da abasxoi. amasTanave, fiqroben,rom ZvelberZnuli formis amosavaliaafxazur-abazur tomTa erTobisTavdapirveli zogadi saxelidan _ ?a-abaza_abaza formidan momdinare abaJa,rac axali welTaRicxvis dasawyisisaxlo xanebSi unda gamxdariyo Zvel-berZnuli abaskoi formis safuZveli(gvancelaZe 1993: 581-590; misive 1998: 38-39).

saqarTvelos teritoriisa dasazRvrebis mimoxilvis pirvel sarw-muno wyarod miCneuli vaxuSti baton-iSvilis naSromi da atlasebi maRaliSemecnebiTi Rirebulebisaa da mas, ro-gorc politikuri geografiis ele-mentebis Semcvel wyaros, amJamadacwarmatebiT iyeneben saxelmwifoebrivimniSvnelobis dokumentebis istoriuliwanamZRvrebis interpretaciis, kerZod,sazRvrebis delimitaciisaTvis (kekelia1997: 197). vaxuStis naazrevisa da sxva,misi winamorbedi, Tanamedrove Tu momde-vno drois mecnier-mogzaurTa cnobebisgaanalizebiT SesaZlebloba gveZlevaafxazeTis, rogorc istoriul-ge-ografiuli provinciis, sazRvrebis mox-azulobasa da saukuneebis manZilzemimdinare cvlilebebze, geografiul-kartografiuli interpretaciisa dazust rukebze proeqtirebis gziT,garkveulwilad, SedarebiT zusti war-modgena viqonioT.

didi mecnieri istoriul afxazeTsSemdeg sazRvrebSi gadmogvcems: ,,xolosazRvari afxazeTisa ars: aRmosavliTanakofiis dasavleTiT mcire mTa,kavkasidam Camosuli zRuamde; dasavliTzRua da kappetis mdinare. aramedsxuani mzRvrian jiqeTis dasavleTiszRuamde; CdiloT mzRvris mTa kavkasi,samxriT zRua Savi. sigrZe amisi arsanakofiidam kappetis mdinaremde anuzRuamde; gani zRudam kavkasis Txemamde“(iqve: 784).

citirebuli cnobidan irkveva, romafxazeTis CrdiloeTi sazRvari kavka-sionis mTavar qedamde vrceldeboda,xolo dasavleTiT (davazustoT: Crdi-lo-dasavleTiT) _ kappetamde (,,kappetismdinare“). vaxuSti wers: ,,amis biWvintisdasavliT dis kappetis mdinare“ (iqve:785).

mis mierve 1735 wels Sedgenil rukazekappetis wyali biWvinTis dasavleTiTaadatanili. biWvinTis Crdilo-dasavleTiT, 7 km-is daSorebiT, SavzRvas uerTdeba bzifi. aRniSnulimanZilisa da im viTarebis gaTval-iswinebiT, rom Tanamedrove rukebzebiWvinTis Crdilo-dasavleTiT kappetiswyals arsad ar vxvdebiT, miCneulia,rom istoriuli wyaroebis ,,kapoeti“da vaxuStiseuli ,,kappetis mdinare“amJamindeli md. bzifi unda iyos. amasmowmobs sxva wyaroebis Cvenebac; ker-Zod, feodaluri saqarTvelos istoriissando pirvelwyarod miCneul 1737wlis lixT-imereTis rukaze afxazeTisCrdiloeT sazRvarze aweria: ,,ialbuzismTa aq daswydeba“. dasavleTiT kisazRvari kapoetis wyalze gadis (bur-janaZe I, 1959).

vaxuStis cnobiT, afxazeTsdasavleTiT da samxreTiT Savi zRvacakravs. Savi zRvis aRmosavleTsanapirosaTvis damaxasiaTebeli um-niSvnelo klaknilobis miuxedavad,vaxuStis rukebze zRvispira zolimetismetad daklaknilia. amasTanave,TiTqos, xmeleTSi Rrmad SeWrili zRvisyureebi mdinareTa umetesobis Sesar-Tavs warmoadgens. Tanamedrove rukebze,,aRweris“ monacemTa proeqtirebiT saw-inaaRmdego garemoeba ikveTeba: vaxuStirukebze arasworad gviCvenebs SavizRvis sanapiro zols.

odiS-afxazeTis politikur erTeul-Ta Soris gamaval sasazRvro xazzemsjeloba warmovadgineT winamdebarenaSromis im TavSi, sadac samegrelos(odiSis) teritoriasa da sazRvrebzeasaubari. amitom aq masze sityvas aRargavagrZelebT. mxolod imis aRniSvniT

SemovifarglebiT, rom sasazRvro pun-qtad miCneul anakofias (,,sazRvariodiSisa da afxazeTisa“) vaxuStis mierSedgenil rukaze odiSis Semadgen-lobaSi vxedavT. Semdgomi aRwerilo-biT, rac zemoT davimowmeT, irkveva,rom anakofiis (amJamindeli axali aTo-nis) Crdilo-dasavleTiT Camomavalimcire mdinaris (amJamindeli fsircxis)marjvena mxares aRmarTuli ,,mciremTa kavkasidam Camosuli“ (kavkasionisqedis erT-erTi samxreTi ganStoeba)warmoadgenda mijnas odiSsa dasakuTriv afxazeTs Soris.

mTavar wyalgamyof qedamde moqceulteritoriaze aTavsebs. mas Crdilo-dasavleTiT kapoetis wyali gamoyofdajiqeTisagan, xolo samxreT-aR-mosavleTiT fsircxis marjvena napirzeaRmarTuli mTiT imijneboda odiSis-agan. am sazRvrebSi mecnieri gad-mogvcems erTiani qarTuli monarqiiscalkeul samefo-samTavroebad daSlisperiodis (XV s-is 80-90-iani wlebi) am-saxvel realur istoriul viTarebas.momdevno 40-50 wlis manZilzec sazR-vari odiS-afxazeTs Soris am mTazegadioda, rasac mowmobs Turqi mzveravismoxsenebiTi baraTi, rac XVI s-ispirveli meoTxediT TariRdeba (beraZesigk, IV, 1971: 54; misive 1998: 103; abulaZe1983: 57).

sakuTriv afxazeTis, maSasadame, imav-droulad saqarTvelos istoriulsasazRvro punqts, Crdilo-dasavleTiTnikofsia warmoadgenda, rac Tanamedrovetuafses Crdilo-dasavleTiT mdebare-obda (vaxuSti, IV, 1973: 201). V s-is anon-imTan es punqti Zvel lazikad iwodeba.damajerebelia istorikos meri inaZisTvalsazrisi uZvelesi saistoriotradiciis egrosis samflobelos SavzRvamde gavrcelebis Sesaxeb, anu,,qarTlis cxovrebis“ mixedviT, im ter-itoriamde, ,,sada warswuTebis wuerikavkasisa“. kavkasionis qedis dasavleTikalTebi Savi zRvis napiramde sworedZvel lazikasTan aRwevs (inaZe ,,macne“,#2, 1992: 47; gamaxaria 2007: 63).

feodaluri monarqiis dasustebisada samefo-samTavroebad qveynis daSlisSemdgom periodSi saqarTvelos mTaSiiklebs qarTuli mosaxleobis raode-noba da mis adgilze kavkasionisCrdiloeTi kalTebidan cxovrebispirobebis gasaumjobeseblad emigrire-buli da adgilobriv feodalebTanxiznebad mdgari ucxo eTnikuri ele-menti saxldeba. adgili aqvs terito-riebis aneqsiasac afxaz feodalTamxridan. ase Seiqmna afsuaTa dasaxlebaTanamedrove afxazeTis teritoriaze;isini sargebloben XVII s-is II naxe-varSi odiSis samTavroSi gaCaRebulifeodaluri SinaomebiT, rasac Sedegadmohyva odiSis mTavarTa titulis Ciq-vanTa gvareulobis xelSi gadasvla.maSindel politikur viTarebazemogviTxrobs vaxuSti batoniSvili:,,gandidna Wyondideli Ciqovani... movidada daipyra Wyondidlobave, da iqmnamisando levan dadianisa yovelsa Sina.aman moiyvana Zma Tvsi kacia da azraxalevans micemad salipartianosi, rameTuamisgan daipyras leCxumica levan da-dianman...“ (vaxuSti IV, 1973: 842).sabolood kacia Ciqvanis xelSi aR-moCnda mTeli odiSi (iqve: 845). sworedam periodidan moyolebuli afsuebiisakuTreben teritorias kodorsa daengurs Soris da ibrZvian mitacebulimiwa-wylis SesanarCuneblad.

vaxuSti afsua-afxazebis saqarTve-los SavizRvispireTSi Camosaxlebasda odiSarTa miwa-wylis ,,egrisis md-inaredmde“ dapyrobas XVII s-is miwu-rulSi momxdar faqtad miiCnevs: ,,xoloaw egrisis mdinaremde upyravsT afx-azTa, da mas zeiT samxris kerZo dadi-ansa“ (iqve: 783). sxvagan aRniSnavs:,,garna iyo Wiri didi odiSs... daumetes afxazTagan, rameTu movidodiannavebiTa da xmeliTa da styuevnidian,daipyres vidre egrisis mdinaredmde,da daeSenebodnen TvT afxazni da ar-Rara iyo drandas da moqus episkopos-ni“ (iqve: 845).

amrigad, 1681 wlisaTvis afxazebmaSeZles odiSis samTavros Crdilo-dasavleTi nawilis mitaceba dasazRvris gadmoweva kelasuridan Ral-iZgamde. dadianis samflobelos miRma

darCa drandisa da moqvis eparqiebi.aRniSnuli mizeziT orive kaTedramarseboba Sewyvita, vinaidan arc erTmaTganSi am droidan moyolebuli qris-tianuli RvTismsaxureba ar aRevline-boda (xorava sZ, 3, 2000: 40).

XVIII s-is meore naxevris afxazeTissazRvars giuldenStedti engurzeavlebs da SeniSnavs: megruli mxareodiSi ,,gadaWimulia Savi zRvis napirze,qedis dasavleTi Ziridan enguramde,romliTac is afxazeTisgan aris gamoy-ofili“ (giuldenStedti I, 1962: 321).motanil amonawers dedanSi Semdegiganmarteba axlavs: ,,Semdeg Crdilo-dasavleTiT esazRvrebian jiqeTi daalaleTi; aRmosavleTiT, kabeTs zemoT,soneTi anu svaneTi. afxazeTismosaxleobas qarTulad hqvia afxazi,mravlobiTSi _ afxazebi, jiqeTisas _jiqi, alaleTisas _ alali; erTi undaiyos baieris alania, meore ki cixia(jiqia)“ (iqve).

“dadiswylisa“ da ,,egriswylis“xeobebi

vaxuSti sayuradRebo cnobebsgvawvdis dadiswylisa da egriswylisxeobebis saistorio geografiis sak-iTxebze: ,,kualad am eguris CdiloTdis dadis-wyali, wodebuli dadisdabis gamo. gamosdis masve aR-mosavleTis kavkassa, da modis dasavle-Tad, da mierTvis zRuas. am dadis-wylis CdiloT dis egrisis wyali,wodebuli egrosis, Targamosis Zis,gamo. gamosdis masve kavkass, disdasavleTad da mierTvis zRuas ilors.xolo zRvs kidezed, am wylis dasavliTkidezed, ars ilors eklesia wmidisgiorgisa. amas udis aRmosavliT egrisi,dasavliT mdinare moqvsa, da uZessamhriT zRua da CdiloT veli“(vaxuSti IV, 1973: 779).

istorikosis TqmiT, dabis saxel-wodebaa dadi, ramac saxeli misca en-guris CrdiloeTiT momdinare dadis-wyals. 1745 wels Sedgenil rukaze mo-cemulia mdinaris dinebis mimarTulebaaRmosavleTidan dasavleTisken. sax-eldebuli mdinare, vaxuStis cnobiT,saTaves iRebs ,,aRmosavleTis kavkassa“da uerTdeba Sav zRvas. mecnieri dadis-wyals kidec aRniSnavs Tavis rukaze,mdinaris saTaveSi mcire SenakadebiT,magram daba ,,dadis“ saxelwodebiTrukaze araa datanili.

dadiswylis saTaved vaxuSti kavkassasaxelebs. kavkasi, kavkaseTi igive kavka-sionia. mecnieris msjelobiT, dadis-wylis saTave kavkasionis mTavar qedzeki araa, aramed ,,gamodis masve aR-mosavleTis kavkassa“.

enguris qvemo dinebasa da RaliZgasSoris mdebare, XVIII s. I meoTxedidansamurzayanod saxeldebuli (ZiriTadadgalis municipaliteti) istoriul-eTnografiuli erTeulis toponimTaanalizi cxadyofs, rom mdinare ,,dadis-wylisa“ da dasaxlebuli punqti,,dadis“ saxelwodebiT am mxareSisadReisod ar dasturdeba. vaxuStiscnobas ki am TvalsazrisiT gansakuTre-buli mniSvneloba eniWeba, vinaidansxva werilobiTi wyaroebi am obieqtebsar asaxelebs.

dadiswylis salokalizaciod metadsagulisxmoa cnoba, rom walenjixisepiskoposis samwyso Waniswylis xeo-bidan dasavleTiT, dadiswylamdevrceldeboda (vaxuSti IV, 1973: 778).amasTanave, vaxuSti dadiswyals bediissaepiskoposos sazRvrad miiCnevs (iqve:780). maSasadame, ,,Wanis mdinarisa dadadis mdinaris Sorisi“ teritoriawalenjixelis mflobelobaSia, xolo,,dadiswyal-moqviswylis SuamdinareTsbedieli episkoposi gankargavs. am orisaeklesio erTeulis gamyofi sazRvariswored dadiswyalze gadioda.

odiSis am nawilis vaxuStiseulmonacems Tuki SevadarebT Tanamedrovefizikur-geografiuli rukebis monace-mebs, aSkarad TvalSisacemi SemdegisuraTi gamoikveTeba: istorikosis miermoxseniebuli ,,dadis mdinare“ ewodebamdinares Waniswyalsa da moqviswyalsSoris.

T. beraZem yuradReba miaqcia imgaremoebas, rom enguris dasavleTiT,samurzayanod saxeldebul teritori-

aze, moedineba SedarebiT didi mdina-reebi, Semdegi TanmimdevrobiT:eriswyali, oqumi, RaliZga da moqvi. ma-gram ramdenadac vaxuStis warmodgenaodiSis am nawilis mdinareebzemetismetad bundovania, CamoTvlil md-inareTagan mas erTi gamorCenia (beraZesigk, IV, 1971: 63).

dadiswylis lokalizaciis Tval-sazrisiT, uwinares yovlisa, yuradRebasiqcevs vaxuStis Semdegi cnoba: ,,zRviskidezed, am wylis dasavliTs kidezed,ars ilors eklesia wmidis giorgisa.amas udis aRmosavliT egrisi. dasavliTmdinare moqvisa, da uZes samxriT zRvada CdiloT veli“ (iqve: 779-780).

rogorc motanili amonaweriT vrw-mundebiT, saxelovani mecnieri iloriswm. giorgis eklesiis mdebareobas miu-TiTebs ,,zRvis kidezed“, egriswyalsada moqviswyals Soris. ilori, Taname-drove administraciul-teritoriulidayofiT, sofeli da Temis centriaoCamCiris municipalitetSi. raionulcentrs – oCamCires daSorebulia 3 km-iT. iloris Temi aerTianebs soflebs:suki, zeni, ilorgani, nagvalou. sofelizRvis piras, z. d. 10 m-ze da RaliZgismarcxena mxares mdebareobs. amasTanave,iloris TemSi Semavali zeni da sukicuSualod RaliZgis marcxena napirasmdebare soflebia.

maSasadame, mdinare, rac vaxuStismixedviT, ilorTan uerTdeba zRvas,Tanamedrove RaliZga, an kidevanaria//oxureiwyaria. RaliZgis sigrZe53 km-ia. saTaves iRebsar?m(?)uas//arr?muasa da Camharis kalTe-bidan da uerTdeba Sav zRvas ilorsada oCamCires Sua.

Tuki CavTvliT, rom vaxuStis miermoxseniebuli ,,egriswyali“ igive Ral-iZgaa, maSin mecniers iloris mdebareobaarasworad aqvs mocemuli. ilori, ro-gorc zemoT vTqviT, RaliZgis marcxenamxares mdebareobs; vaxuStis mixedviTki iloris eklesia egriswylis,,dasavliTs kidezed“, e.i. mdinaris mar-jvena mxaresaa. amave mxares, ilorisdasavleTiT, vaxuStis CvenebiT, _ mo-qviswyali, xolo iloris aRmosavleTiTegriswyali moedineba.

ilorSi, rogorc aRvniSneT, Camoedine-boda agreTve meore, SedarebiT pataramdinare oxurei//oxur(ei)wyari, rac sa-Taves iRebs rekasa da patraxuwaSi.sigrZe daaxl. 24 km-ia. marjvena mxridanSeerTvis anaria//anariawyari da amisSemdeg orive saxels atarebs. nagval-ousa da ilorSi mdinare ufro metadoxureiwyaris saxeliTaa gavrcelebu-li.

Tuki vaxuStis Cvenebas (rom ilors,,udis aRmosavliT egrisi“) iloriseklesiis axlandeli fizikur-geografi-uli mdebareobis gaTvaliswinebiT gavi-azrebT, maSin safiqrebelia, rom mec-nieri egriswyalSi swored anaria//ox-ureiwyars gulisxmobda. magram ammosazrebis sisworis daSvebisSemTxvevaSi aranakleb seriozuli dab-neulobis faqtad miiCneoda iloriseklesiis dasavleTiT moqviswylisdinebis miTiTeba (,,amas udis... dasavliTmdinare moqvisa“), maSin, rodesac ge-ografiuladac da ilorTan siaxlovisgaTvaliswinebiT, RaliZgis dasaxelebavaxuStis mier ufro gamarTlebulida upriani iyo, vidre moqviswylisa.

Tanamedrove afxazeTis mdinareTadinebis Tanmimdevrobas da vaxuStiscnobebs erTmaneTs Tu SevudarebT,maSin ,,dadis mdinareSi“ eriswyali anoqumi unda vigulisxmoT, xoloegriswyali anaria-oxureiwyaris anRaliZgis uwindeli saxelwodeba undayofiliyo. amaTgan enguri saTavesiRebs uSualod kavkasionis qedidan,danarCeni sami ki – kavkasionis sis-temaSi Semavali qedebidan (mcire kavka-sionidan). vaxuStis monacemebiT, oTxivemdinare Sav zRvas erTvis erTmaneTis-agan damoukideblad. gasaTvaliswinebe-lia is garemoebac, rom saukuneebismanZilze eparqiis, rogorc adminis-traciul-teritoriuli erTeulis, ter-itoriul mowyobasa da sazRvrebisCamoyalibebas didwilad swored ge-ografiuli Taviseburebebi ganapirobeb-da.

igor kekelia,(gagrZeleba Semdeg nomerSi)

samegrelosa (odiSis) da afxazeTis istoriuli geografiavaxuSti bagrationis naazrevSi da Tanamedrove istoriografia

ilori 327 ianvari _ 3 Tebervali 2015

soflis gadarCena saqarTvelos gadarCenaa

`va, sofelo, raSigan xar!~ _brZanebs sulmnaTi. `wuTi-soflis Svilebi varT!..~, `wuTi-sofeli asea~... an `sofelididia!~ _ uTqvams brZen qarTvelkacs.

cxadia, aq `sofeli~ dasaxle-bul konkretul ubans, dRevan-deli gagebiT gaSinaarsebulsofels ar gulisxmobs. isbrZeni qarTveli, sofels romityoda, samyaros, qveyanas, kaco-briobas gulisxmobda.

qarTvelis gonebaSi ratomSeiZina terminma `sofeli~filosofiurad ase Rrma Sinaar-si, romlis analogs dedamiwazeTiTqmis arsad vxvdebiT?

mizezi Zalian Rrmaa da qar-Tuli cxovrebis wesis, suliere-bisa da saxelmwifoebriobissafuZvlebisagan momdinare.

qarTveli arasdros yofilamomTabare, adgilis dedas verTmobda da miwaTmoqmedebaSiRvrida ofls, ris gamoc `ma-mulma~ samSoblos SinaarsiSeiZina da amitomac Cveniwinaprebi saocari TavganwirviTicavdnen qveyanasa da mamulsaTasi juris mtrisa da momxv-durisgan.

didi ilias erovnul amoZax-ilSi `mamuli, ena, sarwmunoeba~SemTxveviT araa pirvelad naTq-vami `mamuli~.

megobrad da moyvrad mosuliyoveli stumari mtermoWarbe-bul qarTvels RvTisgan naboZebmadlad miaCnda da ambobda, stu-mari RvTisaao. swored essuliskveTebaa safuZveli im ua-nalogo stumar-maspinZlobisa,romelsac badali ar moepovebamsoflioSi.

`dRes stumaria eg Cemi,Tund zRva emarTos sisxlisa,miTamc me ver vuRalateb,vficav RmerTs, qmnili imisa~. _

saqarTvelos mTebidanmsoflios omaxianad gasZaxodadidi vaJa-fSavela.

anda, rogor ginda gaagebinosxva erebis warmomadgenlebs, racxdeba moklemetraJian mxatvrulfilmSi `Rvinis qurdebi~. elibomsakuTar maranSi rom SeiswroRvinis qurdebi, ki ar scema, anpolicia ki ar daasxa Tavs,uzarmazari jamiT Rvinos asmevs`qurdebs~, adRegrZelebs maT, mereerTad mRerian, cekvaven, megobru-lad exvevian da eamborebian erT-maneTs.

qarTveli xalxis aseTma men-talitetma sxva erebis warmo-madgenlebs SesaZlebloba miscasaqarTveloSi epovaT ara mx-olod TavSesafari, aramed meoresamSobloc. saukuneebismanZilze qarTul miwaze us-afrTxod da RirseuladgrZnobdnen Tavs ebraelebi, qur-Tebi, aisorebi, somxebi, azerbai-janelebi da bevri sxva.

saukuneebis siRrmeSi rom arCavixedoT, axlaxan, ager meocesaukuneSic ki ebraelebis ma-sobrivi xocva-JletiT an Savka-nianTa daundobeli rasistulidevniT Tavi ìsaxeles~ evropisada amerikis kontinentebis imqveynebma, romlebic dRes Cven`gvaswavlian~ demokratiasa da erovnul umciresobaTa dacvasda es maSin, roca im xocva-Jletisa da rasistuli daun-doblobis dros saqarTveloSiZmebiviT vcxovrobT ebraelebida sxva mravali eris warmo-madgenlebi... qarTveli arc kanisferiT gansazRvravda adami-anebisadmi damokidebulebas.

davfiqrdeT, iqneb arc isaaSemTxveviTi, saqarTvelo RvTism-

Soblis wilxvedr qveynad romaamiCneuli.

qarTvelma kargad, Zalian kar-gad icoda, rom qveynis Zliere-bisa da eris sicocxlisunari-anobis safuZveli sofeli, ma-muli iyo. cxadia, yoveliqarTvelis cxovrebac da saqmi-anobac am TvalsawieriT gan-isazRvreboda. glexs mohyavdasarCo-sabadebeli, Wirnaxuli; mi-waTmoqmedebasTan erTad eweodamesaqonleobas, mecxvareobas,sargeblobdnen soflis saerTosargeblobis saZovrebiT,moSenebuli hyavdaT frinveli,SviliviT uvlidnen venaxs. saer-To sargeblobis tyeebSiamzadebdnen xis samSeneblomasalas, SeSas zamTrisa dayoveldRiuri moxmarebisaTvis.miwaTmoqmedebaSi, tvirTebisgadasazidad da satransportosaSualebad iyenebdnen cocxalgamwev Zalas. sargeblobdnenmdinareebiT, tbebiT da sxv...didi iliac xom aRniSnuls ani-Webda gadamwyvet mniSvnelobas!

ase, rom qarTveli glexismeurneobrivi damoukideblobauzrunvelyofili iyo adgilo-brivi pirobebiT da SesaZle-blobebiT.

maSasadame, komlis arsebobisda saqmianobis dasayrdeni iyosofeli. soflis moSla glexisfizikuri ganadgurebis tol-fasi gaxldaT da amitom iscali xeliT guTans rom iyomokidebuli da miwas xnavda,meoreSi xmali eWira da mamulsicavda.

qarTvelTa gamravlebis kval-obaze CvenSi axali soflebiCndeboda da qveyana Zlierde-boda.

mters, romelsac surdasaqarTvelo aRegava pirisaganmiwisa, pirvel rigSi musravdasofels, aCexavda vazs, sruladda pirwmindad anadgurebda tyismasivebs...

qveynis arsebobis Sesanar-Cuneblad qarTvels mere uxde-boda dangreulis aRdgena, axalisoflebis Seneba.

am fonze gulSi CamwvdomRaRadisad JRers Cveni winapre-bis sulis amoZaxili: `racmtrobas dauqcevia, siyvarulsuSenebia!~

soflebis raodenobis zrda,auTvisebeli miwebis aTviseba,dasaxleba, moZliereba da meur-neobis gamarTva garda imisa,rom gansazRvravda qveynisZlierebas da sicocxlisunar-ianobas, aZnelebda gadamTielT-agan qarTuli miwis mitacebisSesaZleblobas.

cxadia, sakamaTo araa, romsoflis mniSvneloba qarTulisaxelmwifoebriobisaTvisyovelTvis arsebiTi iyo da mo-mavalSic uTuod ase iqneba.

oqtombris revoluciisSemdeg sabWoTa xelisuflebampirvel planze wamoswiamrewveloba da qalaqi. es nabijididi da mravalmilionianiqveynisaTvis SeiZleba Sedegian-ic iyos, magram patara agraruliqveynisaTvis saxifaToa.saqarTveloSi am politikamdasabami daudo soflebis da-clas _ gansakuTrebiT mTaSi,Tumca es procesi mere barSicganviTarda.

Zvel Taobas kargad axsovsqarTuli mxatvruli filmebiìsini Camovidnen mTidan~, `sabu-dareli Wabuki~ da sxva, sadaciyo mowodeba soflidan qalaqSiCamosvlisa da mrewvelobaSidasaqmebisa, Tumca qarTveliscenaristebi da reJisorebikargad grZnobdnen am nabijismcdarobasa da Tavad amavefilmebSi axerxebdnenprotestis gaxmianebas. cxarekurcxalis gareSe Znelia mo-ismino meTune glexis sityvebi,Svils rom eubneba: `gesmis, gogi-ta?.. miwa mReris, biWo, miwa!~

ukeTesad ra unda Tqvas kac-ma?!

komunistebi gvian, magrammainc mixvdnen aRniSnuli nabi-jis mcdarobas da miubrundnen

kidevac sofels (gaixseneT kino-filmebi `gazafxuli sakenSi~,`WriWina~, `TuSi mecxvare~,`TeTri qaravani~ da bevri sxva),ramac saqme sasikeTod Se-moabruna _ bevri sofeli gadau-rCa daclas da gapartaxebas,aRdga nasoflarebi, mTasa dabarSi gaCnda axali dasaxlebebi.adgilebze Seiqmna soflis meur-neobis da mecxoveleobis gadama-muSavebeli saamqroebi, damzade-bis punqtebi, aRorZinda mecx-vareoba, mesaqonleoba, gaSendaCais plantaciebi, aigo Cais fab-rikebi, gaixsna skolebi, bib-lioTekebi, samedicino da kul-turul-saganmanaTleblo dawe-sebulebebi, mkveTrad gaizardamosaxleobis raodenoba...

qarTuli soflismniSvnelobaze roca vlaparakob,ar minda darCes STabeWdileba,ar mesmodes an Segnebuladvakninebde mrewvelobis rols,magram didi da mravalmilioni-ani qveynisaTvis Siga bazariSeiZleba sakmarisi iyos war-moebuli samrewvelo produqciisrealizaciisa da kvlavwarmoe-bisaTvis, rac saSualebas iZlevamrewvelobis ganviTarebisaTvis.es ki patara qveynisaTvisgaZneldeba, SeiZleba saerTodacver ganxorcieldes!

sakmarisia, gavixsenoT quTaisSiarsebuli samrewvelo gigantebi:saavtomobilo, satraqtoro, liTo-fonis qarxnebi, abreSumis kombi-nati, maudis fabrika da mravalisxva. am sawarmoTa produqciaswarmatebiT vasaRebdiT imuzarmazari qveynis bazarze, romel-sac sabWoTa kavSiri erqva, magramroca saqarTvelom damoukide-bloba moipova, Cveni pataraqveynisaTvis daikarga bazari,moispo warmoebuli produqciisrealizaciis SesaZlebloba, aR-niSnuli gigantebi qveynis mZimexundebad iqcnen, ris gamoc isinisxva bevr sawarmosTan erTaddaSales, umowyalod, uTavbolodda uazrod gaanadgures, racsaqarTvelosaTvis mZime dartymaiyo.

daiSala sabWoTa kavSiriserTiani energetikuli sistema.manamde saqarTvelo ver grZnob-da CvenTan romelime ener-getikuli obieqtis avariul Se-Cerebas, imdenad mZlavri iyosabWoTa kavSiris energosis-temis sabaziso energetikulidone. xolo patarasaqarTveloSi, romelicCamoscilda erTian sakavSiroenergetikul sistemas, mdgrado-bis SenarCuneba friad gaZneldasabaziso simZlavris ar arse-bobis gamo da romelime ener-getikuli obieqtis sistemidanamovardna iwvevda qveynis ener-getikuli sistemis mdgradobisavariul dakargvas.

jer-jerobiT naadrevia daSeiZleba uazrobac iyos CvenSidResve did samrewvelo sawar-moTa Seqmnaze fiqri. miuxedavadevrokavSirTan asocirebisxelSekrulebaze xelmowerisa,Cveni produqcia didxans, kidevZalian didxans ver gauZlebskonkurencias da arc gasaRebissaTanado bazari gveqneba...amitomaucilebelia, rom saqarTvelosgadarCena qarTuli soflebisaRorZinebiT daviwyoT!

am erovnul saqmes ki sWird-eba qveynis realuri damoukide-bloba rogorc CrdiloeTis,isedasavleTis, samxreTisa Tu aR-mosavleTisagan...sWirdeba erovnuli xelisu-

fleba!aRniSnulidan logikuria

uTuod, rom axlave, gadaudebladda upirveles yovlisa Cvenigamudmebuli zrunvis saganiunda gaxdes qarTuli sofeli_ qarTuli saxelmwifos sa-fuZvelTa safuZveli. soflisgaZlierebas, nasoflarebis aRd-genas, axali sacxovrebeli adg-ilebis aTvisebas Sedegad mo-hyveba mrewvelobis, Tavdapirve-lad upiratesad gadamamuSave-beli mrewvelobis reanimaciada gaZliereba,saqarTvelos

yvela kuTxis aRorZineba,dasaxleba; axali savargulebisaTviseba, soflad da qalaqadadamianTa socialuri pirobebisgaumjobeseba, erovnuliaRorZinebis did gzaze gasvla.es yvelaferi ki, rogorc zemoTaRvniSne, Seqmnis momavalSimrewvelobis etapobrivi gan-viTarebis safuZvlebsac dasaWiroebasac.

saqarTvelos damoukideblo-bis aRdgenis Semdeg qarTulsofels yuradReba ar Rirsebia,ramac erovnul tragediad aqciacxovreba mTaSic da barSic _daicala mosaxleobisagan, gauqm-da skolebi, biblioTekebi, sagan-manaTleblo-kulturuli dawe-sebulebebi, samedicino punqtebi,afTiaqebi, ar aris eqimi,ganadgurda meurneoba... Tu vinmeCarCa sofelSi, socialuraddaucvelni gaxdnen.

gaCnda uamravi nasoflari!..sarevelam,uaRresad saSiSma

ambroziam gadauara nasaxla-rebs, savargulebs!.. gaudaburdasavargulebi!

amas daemata saxelmwifoe-brivad da sazogadoebrivad gau-marTlebeli, danaSaulis xarisx-amde ayvanili dausabuTebeligayidva saxnav-saTesi Tuarasasoflo-sameurneo miwebisa,tyis masivebisa, mdinareebisa,tbebisa, wyalsacavisa, strate-giuli obieqtebisa da sxva,Tanac ucxoelebze.

sofels, sadac vinme SerCa,moespo arsebobis saxsari.daikarga saZovrebi da glexiver axerxebs pirutyvismoSenebas, ver inarCunebs gamwevcocxal Zalas, ris gamoc veramuSavebs erT mtkavel sakuTarmiwas da iZulebulia isic gayi-dos, ver mohyavs mosavali, ojaxirom arCinos, tyidan ver moaqvsSeSa, saWiroebis SemTxvevaSisamSeneblo xis masalac, zam-TarSi ver axerxebs gaTbobas,moklebulia samedicino dax-marebas, xeli ar miuwvdebaSeiZinos medikamentebi, ver ax-erxebs bavSvi Seiyvanos sko-laSi.

gausaZlisi gaxda cxovreba!dRes katastrofuli tempiT

midis unikaluri regionebissruli gaukacrieleba!..

miwis mosaxnavad Tanxebisdarigeba aTasobiT daclilsofels ver ganaaxlebs...

arada, jer-jerobiT xelisu-flebac ver axerxebs,SeimuSavosam tragediis daZlevis da qveynisgadarCenis optimaluri progra-ma.

piriqiT, sakmaod intensiuradxdeba gaumarTlebeli odenobiTda vadiT ucxoelebze miwisgauazrebeli gasxviseba, riTacgamousworebel dartymasvayenebT qarTuli saxelmwifoe-briobis arsebobas.

qveyana realuri safrTxiswinaSe dgas!

dRes afxazeTi da oseTimowyvetilia Cvengan. asi welicrom gavides, saqarTvelosyovelTvis eqneba iuridiuliZalis mqone ufleba, msofliossazogadoebas Txovos mxardaW-era okupirebuli teritoriebisdabrunebis Taobaze, magram CveninebiT fulze gacemul-gayiduliteritoriebis dabrunebisiuridiulad samarTliani ufle-ba arasdros gveqneba...

ase, rom gauazrebelma, egr-erTwodebulma ìnvesticiam~waryvna qveynis ekonomika dasafrTxe Seuqmna qarTul sax-elmwifoebriobas.

Tu RmerTma ineba da iseTxelisuflebas veRirseT, romel-sac optimaluri saxelmwifoe-brivi azrovnebis unari eqneba,qveynis gadasarCenad undagadaidgas riskiani dagadamwyveti nabijebi:

_ aramc da aramc ar undamoveqceT romelime qveynisyovelmxrivi gavlenis qveS,radgan maT TavianTi erovnuliinteresebi aqvT, Cven ki Cvenierovnuli miznebi unda gva-moZravebdes.

_ mkacrad unda davicvaTerovnuli bazari gansakuTrebiTsoflis meurneobis im pro-duqtebis Semotanisagan, romel-ic CvenSi iwarmoeba da uvneblo-biTac gamorCeulia.

_ aucilebelia, dauyovneblivda upirobod Sewydes ucxoele-bze miwis mudmiv mflobelobaSimiyidva da gavuZloT am nabijisgamo Sinaur da gareSe dema-gogTa da provokatorTa Se-motevebs.

_ saWiroa dauyovnebliv dauklebliv aRiweros saqarTve-los yvela sofeli da na-soflari. ganisazRvros komlTasamomavlo saorientacio rao-denoba, romelic SeiZleba per-speqtivaSi am ubnebSidasasxldes.

_ komlTa da mcxovrebTasaorientacio raodenobis mixed-viT specialistebma gansazRvronsakarmidamo miwis nakveTebis,saerTo sargeblobis saZovrebisda tyis farTobebis sidide.soflis arsebobisaTvis sasic-ocxlod aucilebeli es teri-toria dadgindes soflissakuTrebad, mkacrad dadgindessoflis sazRvrebi aRniSnuliteritoriebis gaTvaliswinebiT,romelic soflis xeluxlebelsakuTrebad unda dakanondes.

_ daigegmos da dafinansdessofelSi warmoebuli sasoflo-sameurneo nedleulis damecxveleobis produqtebisgadamamuSavebeli saamqroebisada qarxnebis mSenebloba. gadai-Wras melioraciis problemebida am mxriv gansakuTrebuliyuradReba mieqces saqarTvelossasoflo sameurneo akademiiswevris, profesor boris Cik-vaSvilis dawvimebisa da wve-Tovani morwyvis meTods, romel-ic pirvelad saqarTveloSigamoicada, magram Semdgom mi-iviwyes, dRes ki warmatebiTgamoiyeneba israelSi, sadacweliwadSi sam mosavals iReben.

_ mowesrigdes sofelSi war-moebuli Warbi produqciisqalaqisaTvis miwodebis orga-nizacia.

_ sofelSi mcxovrebTasaorientacio raodenobis mixed-viT daigegmos skolebis, bib-lioTekebis, klubebis, samedici-no momsaxurebis obieqtebis, af-Tiaqebis, sayofacxovreo Tudamzadebis punqtebis mSeneblo-ba.

_ yvela sofels daudgindesbiujeti da mieces misigamoyenebis realuri ufleba.

_ soflis saorientacio daxelSeuxebel sazRvrebs gareTdarCenili miwis nakveTebi, Tanacarasasoflo-sameurneo daniS-nulebisa, droebiT, gonivrulivadebiT da odenobiT SeiZlebaijariT gaices ucxoelebze. amvadis gasvlis Semdeg SeiZlebaijaris vada gagrZeldes, anmiwis nakveTi daubrundes sax-elmwifos.

_ glexis interesebis gaT-valiswinebiT unda mowesrigdesglexuri meurneobis dabegvrissakiTxebic.

_ saxelmwifom uzrunvelyosfermerTa moTxovna teqnikasada teqnologiebze, specialis-tebze, sainformacio saSuale-bebze.

gadavarCenT qarTul sofels?

Tu SevZlebT da gadavarCenT,

amiT gadavarCenT saqarTvelos!

benia Txilava,mecnier-specialistTa da Ju-

rnalistTa samecniero-Semo-

qmedebiTi kavSir ìntele-

qtis~ prezidenti, saqarTve-

los agrarul mecnierebaTa

akademiis wevr-korespondenti


(gagrZeleba wina nomridan)

“gazoma misi galavani, da gamovidaas ormocdaoTxi wyrTa, kacis sazomiT,anu igive sazomiT angelozisa. TviTgalavani iaspiT iyo nagebi, qalaqi kiwmida minis msgavsi bajaRlo oqroTi.qalaqis galavnis saZirkvlebinairgvari Zvirfasi qviT iyo Semkuli:pirveli saZirkveli _ iaspiT, meore _safironiT, mesame _ qalkedoniT, meoTxe_ zurmuxtiT,mexuTe _ sardonikiT, mee-qvse _ sardioniT, meSvide _ qrisoli-TiT, merve _ bivriliT, mecxre _ topaz-iT, meaTe _ qrisoprasiT, meTerTmete _iakinTiT, meTormete _ ameTvistoTi.Tormeti bWe Tormeti margaliti iyo,TviTeuli bWe TiTo margalitia,qalaqis moedani ki _ bajaRlo oqro,Wvirvale minis msgavsi. taZari ki vervixile masSi, radganac misi taZariyovlismpyrobeli RmerTia da kravi.qalaqs arc mze sWirdeba manaTobladda arc mTvare, radganac RvTis didebamgaanaTa igi, xolo misi sanTeli ariskravi. xalxebi ivlian mis naTelSi damiwieri mefeni TavianT didebasa dapativs Seitanen masSi. misi bWeni ardaixSvian dRisiT, Rame ki arasodesiqneba iq da miitanen masSi xalxTadidebasa da pativs. ver Seva masSi ve-raviTari uwminduri, vercerTi cru dabilwi, aramed mxolod isini, vinc Caw-erilia kravis sicocxlis wignSi.

mcxeTa axali ierusalimia da arameore ierusalimi rogorc amas zo-gierTebi gvikiJineben...”

vumowmeb yvelas, vinc ismens am wigniswinaswarmetyvelebis sityvebs: Tu vinmerames daurTavs maT, RmerTi daurTavsmas wylulebs, romlebic weria am wign-Si. xolo Tu vinme rames moaklebs amwignis winaswarmetyvelebis sityvebs,RmerTi moaklebs mas wils sicocxlisxidan, wmida qalaqidan da iqidan, racCawerilia am wignSi.

adamianis Tavis Crdili, romelickvercxidan ibadeba, warmodgeniliagvirgvinis saxiT, samefo (mefuri), samxe-dro muzaradis (Cafxutis) saxiT, racniSnavs: Crdili _ es aris iluziaimisa, rom ,,axali msoflio wesrigismSeneblebs surT Semogvaparonmsoflios ukanono mefe. wminda mamanetari ioane maqsimoviCi saSinelsams-javroze saubrisas ganmartavs: ,,amqveynad antiqristes mosvlamde, ukvemzaddeba niadagi mis gamosaCenad,,,saidumlo ukve moqmedebaSia” da Za-lebi, romlebic amzadeben mis gamoCenasupirveles yovlisa ibrZvian mefiskanonieri xelisuflebis winaaRmdeg.wminda mociquli ambobs, rom antiqristever mogvevlineba, sanam ar iqnebaCamoSorebuli Semakavebeli” _ kanon-ieri, keTilsindisieri xelisufleba.aseTi xelisufleba ebrZvis borotebas.am qveyanaze moqmed ,,saidumlos” arunda, rom xelisufleba kanoniT ibr-Zodes borotebis winaaRmdeg. Aramedsurs xelisuflebis ukanonoba”.

antiqriste modis omiT da mismosvlas Tan axlavs sisxliani mdina-reebi, razec mianiSnebs sisxli suraTze,romelic kvercxidan gadmodis TeTrgadasafarebelze, TeTri gadasafare-beli niSnavs evro-amerikul demokra-tias, romelzedac devs kvercxisaidanac iCekeba ,,axali msoflio wes-rigis” mefe. unda aRiniSnos, romsisxli, romelic moedineba mTelmsoflioSi, es aris omebis gaCaReba-saxelmwifoTa Soris, religiebs Soris,erebs Soris, naTesavTa Soris, zneobaTaSoris _ es aris Sedegi ,,axalimsoflio wesrigis” mokavSireTa mierprovocirebuli Carevisa, romlebic maTmier Cadenil danaSaulebebze ar iRebenpasuxismgeblobas. suraTze es aRniSnu-lia sisxliT dausvreli gadasafare-bliT.

RvTis da adamianis Ze, mzesimarTlisa, samyaros mefe daibadabagaSi mwyebsebTan, angelozebis galo-bis TanxlebiT:

”Sobaman Senman qriste RmerTo,aR-moubrwyinva sofelsa naTeli mecniere-bisa,rameTu,romelni varskulavsa msax-ureben, varskulavisagan iswaves Tayva-nis-cemai Seni, mzeo simarTlisao,romeli aRmobrwyindi maRliT aR-mosavalTad, ufalo dideba Senda”.

suraTze Cans, rom amomavali mze aR-

mosavleTSi anaTebs, magram CrdilsdasavleTisken ar iZleva da piriqiT:kvercxze koncentrirebuli kaSkaSasinaTle irgvliv anaTebs dasavleTidanda misgan gamodis Crdili aRmosavleTi-saken. es niSnavs, rom ,,axali msofliowesrigis” mSeneblebi arian crumo-ciqulebi _ demokratiis mamebi, rom-lebic qadageben siyvarulis gareSe _Tavisuflebas, Zmobas da Tanasworobas,demokratiis saxeliT anadgureben yve-las vinc win aRudgebaT da ar dae-morCilebian maT. ar aZleven adamianebsTavisufal arCevans, amitom axalmsoflio wesrigSi ar darCa adgilida funqcia qriste-mxsnelisa, romelicsiyvaruls qadagebs da suraTze esasaxulia egreTwodebuli bavSvis mar-jvena fexis ukana nawilSi Caxatulimacxovris saxiT, rogorc warsulisgadmonaSTi. maT ar miiRes qriste, sam-agierod miiReben antiqristes, rogorcTviT qristem gviwinaswarmetyvela: ,,memovedi saxeliTa mamisa CemisaTa daar SemiwynareT ukeTu saxvai movidessaxeliTa TvisiTa, igi SeiwynaroT”(ioane 5,43). es sxvai aris antiqriste,egreTwodebuli axali adamiani, samieqvsianiT dadaRuli (666), romelickvercxidan gadmodis _ iCekeba. ai, asegvafrTxilebs salvador dali, romes adamiani aris antiqriste. ,,visacyuri aqvs isminos Tu ras eubnebaRvTis suli eklesias, da iman, visacTvali aqvs, dainaxos!” (apokalifsi).suraTze kargad Cans, rom is nawiliromelic kvercxidan Cans qmnis eqvsians,meore eqvsiani (6) xelis Crdilia, mesameeqvsiani (6) _ tani. wminda mamebiswinaswarmetyvelebiT antiqriste iqnebacacia (memarcxene), da es axali adamianikvercxidan gadmodis marcxena xeliT.geopolitikuri wesrigisTvis, axalimsoflio wesrigisTvis, axali adamian-isaTvis winaaRmdegobas warmoadgenskavkasia. kavkasiaSi aris sakralurisibrZne, codna, morali, zneoba anu israsac “Tavis droze argonavtebi eZebd-nen”.

mxolod kavkasiur rasaSi aRwevssuli absolutur identurobas sakuTarTavTan,Seimecnebs mas Tavis absoluturdamoukideblobaSi, aRwevs TviTg-amorkvevas, sakuTari arsis ganviTarebasda amiT Sobs msoflio istorias.M”msoflio istoriis progresi iwyebakavkasiuri rasis gzidan”. fr. hegeli(vilhem fridrix giorg hegeli).

gasuli saukunis 70–ian wlebSiq.zagorskis samonastro kompleqsSidaveswariT kviris, dilis wirvas. im-droindeli akrZalvebis periodSi aR-frTovanebulebi vuyurebdiT iq moqmedeklesiebs da Tanac qarTulad vla-parakobdiT. ori saeklesio msaxurimogviaxlovda da roca gaiges romsaqarTvelodan viyaviT gaxarebulebmagviTxres _ bednieri qveynis SvilebixarT, arsebobs wminda wigni, sadac we-ria, rom kavkasiis mTebSi myofma patara,qristianulma, marlTmadidebulmaqveyanam Tavisi Tavic unda gadairCinosda danarCeni mTeli kacobriobac undaixsnaso. kavkasiaSi saqarTvelos gardasxva aseTi qveyana ar arsebobso.saqarTvelo yvelaze metad Seinaxavsqristianul rwmenas da zneobas da au-cileblad gabrwyindebao, manamde kiTqven udidesi gansacdeli da ubedure-ba dagatydebaT Tavs da ori mesamedidaiRupebao. Cven SeSinebulebma vikiTx-eT: omi iqneba? maT Tqves, rom omSisikvdils ar vgulisxmobT, radganuflisTvis mxolod is kvdeba, vincsulierad daiRupebao da geeniaSimoxvdebao.

imdroindeli religiuri gaunaTle-blobis gamo bevrs ver mivxvdiT, magramdasaxelebuli ricxvis sididem maincZalian SegvaSfoTa. maT gviTxres, erTimesamedi gadarCebiT da es Zalianbevria, radgan sodomisa da gomorisdasaRupavad, rom movida, rom iq erTimarTali kacic ver ipova ufalma,saqarTveloSi ki erT mesameds Sei-wyalebs RmerTi.

mova dro da TiTqmis mTelimsoflio aRsdgeba Tqvens dasaRupavad,magram erTi mesamedi am Semotevas gau-Zlebsa sxvebsac ixsnis sulis daRupvis-agano.

im dros Cvenc saqarTveloSi

CamovalT, radgan gadarCenac im miwazeiqnebao.

maT kidev bevri ram gviTxres, magramCven iqidan verc veraferi gavigeT dadavimaxsovreT. ufali iyos marTlacCveni Semwe da mfarveli.

naTela gogebaSvili, Tsu asocire-buli profesori, 2010 weli maisi.

kavkasiaSi aqtiuri pozicia uWiravssaqarTvelos _ iverias. ar SeiZlebaar gagvaxsendes ioane-zosimes ,,qebaida didebai qarTulisa enisai”, romlismixedviT meored mosvlis Jams, iberiul-ma kavkasiam unda amxilos, gansajoskacobrioba qarTuli eniT. igivea naw-inaswarmetyvelebi ioanes apokalipsSi(mimarTva filadelfiis eklesiisadmi3.7)

ioane zosime: qebaჲ da didebaჲ qar-Tulisa enisaჲ.

”damarxul ars enai qarTuli dRed-mde meored mosvlisa misisa sawamebe-lad, raiTa yovelsa enasa RmerTmanamxilos amiT eniTa. da ese enai mZinarears dResamomde, da saxarebasa Sinaamas enasa lazare hrqvian. da axalmannino moaqcia da helene dedofalman,ese arian orni dani, viTarca mariamida marTai. da megobrobai amisTvisTqua, viTarmed yoveli saidumloi amasenasa Sina damarxul ars, da oTxisadRisa mkudari amisTvis Tqua daviTwinawarmetyvelman, rameTu: weli aTasiviTarca erTi dRei. da saxarebasa SinaqarTulsa Tavsa xolo maTeissa wilizis, romel asoi ars da ityvis yovladoTx aTassa maragsa. da ese ars oTxidRei da oTxisa dRisa mkudari, amisTvismis Tanave dafluli sikudiliTanaTlis-Rebisa misisaiTa. da ese enai,Semkuli da kurTxeuli saxeliTauflisaiTa, mdabali da dawunebuli,moelis dResa mas meored mosvlasauflisasa. da saswaulad ese aqus:oTxmeoc da aToTxmeti weli umeteissxuaTa enaTa qristeis mosvliTganvidre dResamomde. da ese yoveli,romeli weril ars, mowamed warmog-iTxar, asi ese weli anbanisai.”

zviad gamsaxurdia “saqarTvelossulieri misiaSi“ ganmartavs:

lazares aRdgineba ioane-zosimesTanniSnavs aRdginebas qarTveli erisas,qarTveluri modgmisas im ganfenilo-biT, rogorc is iyo warmodgenilipreistoriul xanaSi, anu lazaresdaZinebamde, anu mesame aTaswleulamde.mesame aTaswleulSi es modgma Sem-cirda, ganadgurda indoevropelebismier da darCa mxolod pirineebze,mcire aziaSi, kavkasiaSi. xolo aRdgomaiqneba isev aRorZineba am modgmisa,isev imave pozicias daibrunebs esmodgma da es eri, romelic mas gaaCndapreistoriul xanaSi, e. i. wamyvani mod-gmis pozicias, kacobriobis sulierimoZRvris pozicias. ai, es igulisxmebaswored imaSi, rom meored mosvlisdros RmerTman unda amxilos yvelaenasa amiT eniTao, rogorc ambobsioane-zosime. es ki imas niSnavs, rom esmodgma iqneba mTavari matarebelisulierebisa, qristianobisa da is amx-els danarCen codvil kacobriobas.

pirveli dabadeba qristesi ganxor-cialda iq sadac yvelaze metad uWirdakacobriobas. meored qriste ki ardaibadeba, aramed mova da mova iqsadac yvelaze metad iqneba misi sityvadaculi (iqneba meored mosvla). is kivinc am naxatze kvercxidan ibadebanamdvilad antiqristea (erT dinebaSiorjer ver Sexval). Aaxali adamianiaSS-dan gamodis, sadac adamians erovne-ba ar gaaCnia. Kkavkasia kerZodsaqarTvelo aris erTmxriv TeTrirasis pirveli samSoblo, misi kanon-memkvidre ki qarTveli eri, meore mxrivafroevraziis geopolitikuri centri.ai vin uwevs winaaRmdegobas an-tiqristes dabadebas. rac zviad gam-saxurdiam ioane zosimes qebai dadidebais amoxsniT ,,sulier misiaSi”gangvicxada.

evropis Cvenamde moRweul uZvelese.w. egstorfis rukaze mxolod ge-ografiuli realiebi rodia datanili,aramed miTebi, legendebi, wminda gar-damocemani. rukaze saqarTvelocaagamoxatuli rogorc “antiqristesCamketi”.

suraTis qveda nawilSi afrikis kon-tinentze mosCans calTvala mamakaci_ afroamerikeli, agreTve Cans romkontinentis zemo nawilidan qvemoTmoedineba cremli, risi axsnac CvenjerjerobiT ver movaxerxeT, magramCven mivesalmebiT nebismieri axsnismcdelobas, kritikas, faqtebiT dasabuTe-bul mosazrebebs Tqvens mxridan.suraTze agreTve aris kidev bevriauxsneli faqti, Cven vecadeT aRgvewerais rac salvador dalis surdaCvenTvis gadmoeca am naxatiT.

am naxatis mimarT gamoTqmuliaurTierTsawinaaRmdego azrebi, rogorcsaqarTveloSi aseve mis farglebsgareT. gagacnobT ramodenime CemTvismisaReb mosazrebas romelic ganTavse-bulia internetSi.

merab gegia _ saqarTvelos Teatrisada kinos saxelmwifo institutis pro-fesori, pedagogiur mecnierebaTaakademiis akademikosi, xelovnebaTmcod-neobis doqtori ase aRwers salvadordalis am suraTs:

hermafroditis saxeze naRvelia aR-beWdili. misi poza gamoxatavs sevdastragediis gardauvalobis gamo. marT-lac axali adamiani aSkarad gigantiada ra gasakviria, rom mis dabadebasdedamiwis ngreva mohyves. amas gvafiqre-binebs, agreTve, “axali adamianis”mZlavri, klanWis msgavsi xelis mtevani,romliTac igi ebRauWeba planetas,TiTqosda misi CabRujviT cdilobs,Tavi daaRwios galia naWuWs. Tavadgeopolitikosis xatTan mimarTebaSiibadeba ramdenime kiTxva: ratom airCiasalvador dalim damkvirveblad mainc-damainc hermafroditi? ratom uwodamas geopolitikosi da ara vTqvaT,ubralod politikosi an istorikosi?meore kiTxvaze pasuxi SedarebiT mar-tivia, geografiul cvlilebs, poli-tikuri mohyveba. am azrobriv konteqstsgeopolitikosi Seefereba. hermafrodi-tis figura aseTi martiv axsnas aremorCileba. da mainc ra asociaciebsaRZravs igi? geopolitikosi gaorebu-lia aramarto sqesobrivad, aramed ra-siuladac. aSkaraa, rom igi evropeidisda negroidis najvaria, razec naTladmetyvelebs muqi kanis feric da xuWuWaTmac, Serwymuli evropul Tavis qalas-Tan da saxis nakvTebTan. geopoli-tikosis sasqeso organoze leRvis fo-Tolia afarebuli, aSkarad mxoloderTi ganzraxviT, dafaros, ara imdenades organo, aramed geopolitikosis sqe-si. aseve qaluria geopolitikosisplastika. tanis nazi moZraobis dinamikada gansakuTrebiT ki fexis mdebareoba(romelic sabaleto pasaJs mogvagonebs)am STabeWdilebas kidev ufroamZafrebs. magram mTavari mainc isaris, rom geopolitikoss mamakacisTvisSeufereblad grZeli torsi aqvs.dalis am namuSevars uTuod aqvsezoTeruli qveteqstic.

aleqsei zligostevi ki SemdegnairadaRwers salvador dalis suraTs:,,suraTis dasaxeleba waagavs parodiasmeore msoflio omis droindel opti-mistur winaswarmetyvelebas ,,axalimsoflios” Sesaxeb, romelic warmoiqmnafaSizmis damarcxebis Semdeg. geopoli-tika moduri mecniereba iyo ocdaaTianwlebSi, romelic ikvlevda geografi-uli faqtorebis gavlenas saxelmwifoe-bis bedze, da gansakuTrebiT maT adg-ilmdebareobas kontinetalur sivrceSi.bavSvis arseboba, romelic Tvalyursadevnebs mozrdili adamianis dabadebas,azrs ukargavs Teorias da aZlierebsmayureblis skepticizms. Aaxali adami-ani wiwilis msgavsad iCekeba dedamiwssferodan, romelic ufro rbil garswaagavs da ara kvercxis naWuWs. konti-nentebic ki mombalia da mzad arianCamoirecxon suraTidan; dasavleTafrika gamoyofs ucnaur wveTs, Safarisnebismieri kideebidan. qalis figura(hermofroditi), romelic miuTiTebsgaTamaSebul movlenebze, imvdrouladdakunTulicaa da dauZlurebulic,romelic naxats aZlevs muqaris xasi-aTs”.

beso (besarion) miqava,iberiul-kavkasiuri moZraobis

Tavmjdomare

risi Tqma surda salvador dalis?


poeziis kuTxe* * *

sqan Zirafa vare efi,

gursu montu darana,

qaberzani eremefi

xvale gilaRvarana.

Cqim guriSi karef ganji,

iTam dinwyu qianaq,

“va giRuno SuriS svanji”?

menwarefi rkiana.

miCqu, miCqu vareq efi,

wamef Sursu Rafuna,

kiapeli Torujefi

wyarSe eSmasxapuna.

firqiq umusvanjebuq,

Rurus oko akaTas,

Wvelas landi onZalu do

TuTa gioTakarans.

ukvirde re arZa Wua,

wanefq iSenT morjgines,

liariSa mizinduans

maJamaral orinje.

coda arTo ikaTu do

tya uluans nakarus,

rinaq xolo mikmarTu do

dixas qimTmoWabaru.

* * *

Surq arTi Ruru gotu,

gurc Wua iWiroTu.

goTana re verCeS neri,

dRalef meurc andaneri.

Te orinjeS breli Rvala,

vagacalens SuriS Ralas.

giZiruno miTinq dirTჷ,faranc muTa mikaCirTჷ.

Rurus arTi kari uRu,

Teq ventire narRiS uRu.

codef dixas qudafarTxi,

qeTuჸoTi eSmas ganTxi.

muJamc luRi ore kobu,

Ruru Ti Svans qჷmgatyobu.

do orinjeS breli Rvala,

vagacalens SuriS Ralas.

* * *

zoTonji re, anw vaRirჷ bira,

Tirc duforჷ kondidefiS wvan-

ji,

so meuli? aS mikirTi cira,

domirTine ჸorofaSi Tanji.

sqan wviwvini tanc daCxiro gom-

rzu,

Rurucalo domiwkuri Toli,

RoronT vordi, arZa kaTa mTx-

ozud,

gefsqidi do iSenT gegSarToli.

Te orinjeq ekomwikvჷ CireT,

wirfe vordi do letami gale,

anw vamoko Rebarefi bZire,

sqan Tolefi moimendჷ xvale.

Te zityvefcჷ anw vauRu fasi,

marexeTჷ mongaruanc Wua,

Tis evWofჷnq muT woxole bTasi,

sole ibda, muWo ifsxunua?

Ti jveS, hamo sismarefi bWofi,

vaxoludu akaburcxa wvire,

xvaTaxvale vorkinudi borjis

do zisxiro narRi gevonqire.

siT midarTi gorTili re Sara,

jveS imendefc Te firqefi oru,

gur maWu do muWo bTqua vara,

usqanobaS narRiq ekomgoru.

zoTonji re, SurSe vamurc bira,

Tirc duforჷ kondidefiS wvan-

ji,so meuli? aS mikirTi cira,

domirTine ჸorofaSi Tanji.

giorgi xulorda

mcire delegacia ruseTidan borjom-bakurianis mitropolit serafimes mowve-viT Camovida. _ pirvel rigSi, isic ser-afimea da mis eparqiaSi ki wminda ser-afime sarovelis monasteri arsebobs, meki monaTvlis Semdeg giorgi miwodesda marTlac, sxva ra unda erqvas adamians,vinc saqarTveloSi RvTismSoblis xatsCamoabrZanebso, _ RimiliT miTxra iuriSiSkovma. _ RvTismSobeli yovelTviswmindanebTan erTad mogzaurobs da am-jerad masTan erTad CamovabrZaneT wmin-da giorgi ZlevaSemosilis patara xatic,misi siwmindiTo.

ramdenime dRis ganmavlobaSi saswaul-moqmedi xati veraze, wminda ioaneRvTismetyvelis taZarSi iyo dabrZaneb-uli da mis mosalocad yoveldRiuraduamravi adamiani modioda. mec sworediq moviloce xati, romelmac iqve xilulisaswaulmoqmedi Zala gviCvena: SigadaSignaTdeboda da gaognebuls gvtovebdataZarSi myofT. iuri SiSkovi:

_ es wminda mama serafime sarovelisusayvarlesi xatia, “moalerse” hqvia.wminda mama serafime RvTismSobliswilxvedri bolo _ meoTxe adgilis _diveevos dedaTa savanis damaarsebeligaxlavT. msoflioSi RvTismSobliswilxvedri oTxi adgilia: erTi qveyana_ iveria (saqarTvelo), aTonis mTa _saberZneTSi, kiev-peCoris lavra _ukrainaSi da diveevo _ ruseTSi. 1930-ian wlebSi diveevos monasteri daan-gries, Tumca monazvnebma RvTismSoblissaswaulmoqmedi xati gadaarCines damonacvleobiT inaxavdnen. rodesac misiukanaskneli mcveli gardaicvala, xatiruseTis patriarq aleqsandres gadasces.am ukanasknelma TavisTan daitova damas Semdeg, rogorc udidesi siwminde,ruseTis sapatriarqos karis eklesiaSiinaxeba. Cven mier CamobrZanebuli xatiswored im xatis erT-erTi aslia. igi 16wlis win ruseTis brianskis olqissofel lokotSi, erT RvTismosav ojaxSiaRmoaCines. sxvaTa Soris, es adgiligaxlavT ruseTis ukanaskneli impera-toris, nikoloz meoris umcrosi Zmisada didi mTavris _ mixeil romanovisyofili mamuli.

am konkretuli xatis istoria aseTia:16 wlis win, lokotis mcxovrebma erTmaqalbatonma soflis maRaziaSi RvTism-Soblis gamosaxulebiT vadagasulikalendari SeiZina. gamyidveli masgadagdebas upirebda da RvTismSobelirom ar waebilwaT, RvTismosavma qalba-tonma gamosaxuleba amoWra da Sin,kedelze Cveulebrivi sakancelario skoC-iT miakra. raRac xnis Semdeg xatidanmironi gadmodinda. es ambavi maSinveacnobes adgilobriv eparqias. rodesacxati kedlidan Camoxsnes, dainaxes, romRvTismSoblis gamosaxuleba mis ukanamxaresac gadasuliyo. aqedan moyolebu-li, xati saswaulebs axdenda da igi

fskovis dedaTa monasterSi waabrZanes.mis winaSe moxuci germogeni locu-lobda, romelmac Tqva: am xats ufalmagansakuTrebuli Tvisebebi mianiWa, riTacis bevr adamians miizidavs _ maszemlocveli unayofo qalebi janmrTelSvilebs gaaCenen; kiboTi da sxvaonkologiuri avadmyofobiT daavade-bulebi ganikurnebian, ugzo-ukvloddakargulebs _ cocxlebs an mkvdrebsi povnian; xats TiToeuli rwmeniTmlocveli adamianis cxovrebis gzisada bedis Secvlis magiuri Zalac kiSeswevso...

ager ukve 16 weliwadia, xats msofliossxvadasxva kuTxidan akiTxaven morw-muneni, Tumca msoflios masStabiT cno-bili is mogvianebiT gaxda _ 2003 wels,rodesac ruseTSi wminda serafime sarov-elis gandidebis 100 wlisTavs zarzeimiTaRniSnavdnen da mTavari dResaswaulisarovSi ewyoboda. rogorc iciT, sarovidaxuruli qalaqia, radgan sarovis mamaTamonasteri, sadac wminda mama moRvaweobda,daangries da mogvianebiT sabWoTamTavrobis gankargulebiT, im adgilasatomuri iaraRis mwarmoebeli samxedroqarxana aaSenes. qarxana dRemde iq mde-bareobs da rom ara dResaswauli, imteritoriaze verc movxvdebodiT. winaRames, diveevodan jvrebiT msvlelobisdasasrul, ruseTis patriarqma kirilmakurTxeva mogvca, wminda serafime sarov-elis wminda nawilebTan erTad sarovi-dan diveevoSi swored es xati Cagve-brZanebina. masze axda wminda serafimesarovelis winaswarmetyveleba: mova dro,rodesac sarovidan diveevoSi moewyobajvrebiT msvleloba, masSi zRva xalximiiRebs monawileobas da msvlelobassaswaulmoqmed xats waumZRvarebeno. amxatis SemyureT dRes azrad ar mouvaT,rom odesRac is qaRaldis ubraloamonaWeri iyo, axla ki patriarqis xelo-vanma is didebulad “Semosa” da rodesacxelTuqmnel xats konturebs ukeTebda,masSi manamde uxilavi sxva saxec SeniSna.am saxes TiToeuli SesaniSnavad vicnobT_ es aris jvarcmuli qriste turinissudaridan. ismis kiTxva: ratomaa macx-ovari Tavqve? _ imitom, rom is aramarto RvTis Svilia, aramed _ adamian-isac da yvelas moexseneba, nebismierideda Svils guliT rogor atarebs...

wminda serafime sarovelma uamraviram iwinaswarmetyvela da maT SoriserTs _ diveevos diad saidumlod wode-bul winaswarmetyvelebas gamovarCev.masSi wminda mamam diveevos monastrismonazvnebi akurTxa, monastris irgvlivgaekeTebinaT Txrili da ase Semoefar-glaT adgili, sadac fexSiSvelma RvTism-Sobelma gaiara. am qveynad mosuli an-tiqriste, romelic eklesiebidan damonastrebidan Camoxsnida jvrebs, uw-mindesis naval gzaze ver SeaRwevda _Txrili camde avidoda da antiqristemas ver gadalaxavda. am winaswarme-tyvelebis wakiTxvis Semdeg bevrma rusmadiveevoSi iyida miwa. dRes iq miwis ansaxlis yidva ZaluZs mxolod umdidresadamians. mokled: mdidars _ yvelaferi,Raribs _ araferi! magram sinamdvileSies absurdia. wminda mama aseT rames verityoda. rogor ar vcadeT, am winaswarme-tyvelebis arss bolomde ver CavwvdiTda erTxelac, kalugis borovskismonasterSi stumrobisas iqaurma arqi-mandritma gviTxra: “wminda mamam amsaidumloTi gagvicxada, rom swored esxatia “diveevos Txrili” da rac metqveyanas moatarebT mas, RvTismSobelimiT meti adamianis dacvas SeZlebs an-tiqristesgan. aba, daakvirdiT xats: Se-

mosil RvTismSobels misive terfisforma aqvs, misi marjvena fexis anabeWdi”.ori wlis Semdeg, rodesac did samamuloomSi gamarjvebis 60 wlisTavis aRsaniS-navad jvarosnuli msvleloba movawyveTmoskovi-minski-kievis mimarTulebiT, xatzemarcxena terfic gamoCnda. Cven viciTukrainis poCaevos monastris xati, sadacmxolod erTi terfia gamosaxuli, xoloes xati gaxlavT erTaderTi, sadacRvTismSoblis orive terfia. ase gaixsna“diveevos diadi saidumlo” _ am xatissaxiT Tavad RvTismSobeli mogzaurobswminda fexebiT yvela marTlmadideblurqveyanaSi. me vkiTxe arqimandrits, _ winra gvelis, Semdegi saqarTveloa-meTqi?_ diaxo, mipasuxa, magram saqarTveloSiCamosasvlelad molodiniT savse xan-grZlivi 3 weliwadi dagvWirda. manamdeki fexiT 13 aTasi kilometri gvaqvsjvarosnuli msvlelobiT gavlili,aRarafers vambob, ra gza gaviareT man-qanebiT msoflios sxvadasxva qveyanaSi.dRes es xati aqaa, saqarTveloSi _RvTismSoblis upirveles wilxvedr adg-ilas da aravin icis, ra moxdeba, rodesaces Txrili dasruldeba; rodesac RvTism-Sobeli yvela marTlmadidebeli xalxisqveyanas moivlis. wminda serafime sarov-elma iwinaswarmetyvela: mova dro, rode-sac yvela marTlmadidebluri qveyanagaerTiandeba, erT did marTlmadideblurokeaned iqcevao. yvelas locva gvmar-Tebs, radgan Cveni erTianoba ukve daar-Rvies da sadac “gaWres” es erToba,dRes sisxli gadmodis.

stumrebi aTi dRiT Camovidnen dagacilebiT didxans darCnensaqarTveloSi. Zalian uxarodaT,qarTveli xalxi yvelgan didi siTboTida siyvaruliT gvxvdeba da RvTismSob-lis gaSveba ar undaTo. 8 ianvars,yovladwminda RvTismSoblis taZrisdResaswaulze uwmindesma da unetaresmasruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-pa-triarqma ilia meorem stumrebi xatTanerTad sapatriarqoSi miiRo. iuri SiSkov-ma gviTxra, uwmindesma qadagebaSi brZana,_ RvTismSoblis taZris dResaswaulzeTavad zeciuri dedofali gvestumrao.rodesac uwmindess dasalocadmiveaxleT, Cveni xatis mcvelma nataliammoaxsena patriarqs, _ Cvens xatze naw-inaswarmetyvelebia, rom mTelsaqarTveloSi masTan erTad jvrebiTunda moewyos msvleloba, raTa “diveevosTxrilma” saqarTveloSic gaiaros iesoqristes locviT, romelsac xSirad war-moTqvamda wminda mama serafime saroveli:ufalo ieso qriste, Zeo RvTisao, Segvi-wyale Cven!iuri SiSkovi: _ Cveni vali iyo,

RvTismSoblis survili uwmindesisTvisgadagveca, danarCeni ki misi gansasjelia.patriarqisgan msvlelobisTvis kurTxevaviTxove. patriarqma gviTxra: “Cven vi-fiqrebT!” aseTi sakiTxis gadawyvetisas,rasakvirvelia, aCqarebas “viCqaroT nela”jobia da es brZenma patriarqma ukeTicis. Cven ki vimedovnebT, RvTismSoblisneba aRsruldeba da “diveevos Txrili”gaivlis saqarTveloze, rac Tqvensqveyanas antiqristesgan daicavs.

P.S. ioane RvTismetyvelis saxelobistaZridan xati erTi dRiT varkeTilSi,iveriis RvTismSoblis eklesiaSi iyodabrZanebuli, Semdeg waabrZanes kaxeTSi,iqidan _ somxeTSi, Semdeg kvlavsaqarTveloSi daabruneben, qarTlSi ar-sebul asurel mamaTa saxelobis ekle-siaSi dabrZandeba da borjomis gavliT,kvlav ruseTSi daabruneben. Tumca Sesa-Zlebelia, marSrutSi cvlilebebic Sei-tanon da saqarTveloSi kidev metxansgaCerdnen. mere ki saqarTvelos patri-arqis gadawyvetilebas daelodebian darogorc iuri SiSkovma Tqva: _ SeiZlebaSemodgomaze ukve jvrebiT msvlelobacmoewyos. amiT aRsruldeba is, risTvisacaxla CamovediT. ase rom, mTavari wingvelodebao.

i. xarSilaZe

wminda serafime sarovelis samSoblodan _ kurskis olqis Jeleznogorskiseparqiidan, arqiepiskoposis TanaSemwe iuri SiSkovis xelmZRvanelobiT,

saqarTveloSi RvTismSoblis saswaulmoqmedi xatis _ “moalerses” erT-erTi asli CamoabrZanes.

saxalxo moZraoba “samegrelos”

zugdidis organizacia usamZimrebs

qalbaton diana boxuas disSvilis

eka latariasgardacvalebis gamo


miuxedavad imisa, rom axla 21-esaukunea, qalebisTvis TviTreal-izeba msoflios umetes qveynebSijer kidev problemas warmoadgens.genderul stereotipebs axlacmyarad aqvs fesvebi gadgmuli qar-Tul sazogadoebaSi.

am statiaSi warmogidgenT qal-batonebs, romlebmac im sferoebisganviTarebaSi, romelSic moR-vaweobdnen, udidesi roli Seitanes.

elene axvlediani

cnobili qarTveli fermweri,grafikosi, Teatrisa da kinos mxatvarielene axvlediani 1898 wlis 18 aprilsqalaq TelavSi daibada.

1906-1907 wlebSi elenes ojaxi sacx-ovreblad TbilisSi gadmovida, sadacgogonam axaldaarsebul samxatvroakademiaSi daiwyo swavla. mogvianebiTelenem mxatvar gigo gabaSvilis stipen-dia miiRo da saswavleblad parizSiCavida.

swavlasTan erTad elene aqtiur Se-moqmedebiT moRvaweobas eweoda, radgan,yvela sxva xarjTan erTad mas Tavicunda erCina sakmaod ZviradRirebulqalaq parizSi. 1926 wels parizSielene axvledianis personalurigamofena moewyo, sadac misma namu-Sevrebma frangi kritikosebis yuradRe-ba miipyro. garkveuli drois Semdeg,elene axvledianis naxatebi amerikisSeerTebul StatebSi gamarTul suraTe-bis gamofenaze gaigzavna. misi namu-Sevrebi gamofenili iyo evropis iseTqveynebSi, rogorebicaa germania, holan-dia da Sveicaria. saqarTveloSiCamosvlis Semdeg, man mxatvrulad 72speqtakli gaaforma. 1972 wels eleneaxvlediani gaxda pirveli qarTveliqali, romelmac SoTa rusTavelis sax-elobis premia miiRo.

debi iSxnelebi

debi iSxnelebi quTaisSi giorgiiSxnelis ojaxSi daibadnen. iSxnelebisojaxuri ansambli farTod iyo cno-bili imdroindel quTaisur inteligen-ciaSi da sazogadoebis sakmaod didididi siyvaruliTac sargeblobda. debiiSxnelebis ansambli oficialurad1941 wels Camoyalibda. vokalurkvartets debi: nino, amari, zinaida daaleqsandra iSxnelebi Seadgendnen. 1955wlidan aleqsandra misma dam, mariammaSecvala. debi iSxnelebi qarTuliqalaquri romansis fuZemdeblebadiTvlebian, romelTa ganumeorebel JR-eradobas arc dRes aklia Tayvanism-cemlebi. meore msoflio omis mZimedReebSi kvarteti lamis frontis xazzegadioda da samxedro nawilebSi mar-Tavda koncertebs.

debi iSxnelebis ansamblma didiroli Seasrula qarTuli samxmianiqalaquri sasimRero folklorisdaxvewis, repertuaris gamdidrebisa dapropagandis saqmeSi.

barbare yifiani pirveli qarTveli fiziologi qali,

evropaSi cnobili mecnieri, sazogadomoRvawe, mravali fundamenturi Sromisavtori da safrangeTis samedicinoakademiis wevri. igi iyo pirveliqarTveli fsiqo-fiziologi qali iyo,romelic evropaSi moRvaweobda. misnaSromebs bavSvTa fiziologiisa dapaTologiis sakiTxebze, miniWebuliaqvs oqros medlis premiebi. barbareyifiani leqciebsac kiTxulobda, 1908welidan igi universitetis Jurnalisswavluli mdivani gaxda. 1910 welsbarbares iniciativiT, briuselis saer-TaSoriso universitetSi qarTuli gany-ofileba daarsda. garda amisa, igiaqtiurad iyo CarTuli qarTuli kul-turuli eqsponatebis dacvisa da pop-ularizaciis saqmeSi.

sesilia TayaiSvili

udidesi msaxiobi da Seudarebelibebia _ sesilia TayaiSvili 1906 wlis17 seqtembers daibada baTumSi. ojaxisTbilisSi gadmosvlis Semdeg, 16 wlisamfaRavas samsaxiobo studiaSi Caabarada saswavleblis damTavrebisTanaverusTavelis TeatrSi daiwyo muSaoba.igi maswavleblebad axmetelsa da mar-janiSvils miiCnevda. man Seqmna ganume-orebeli kino da scenuri saxeebi, riTacsamudamod daimkvidra adgili qarTulikinosa da Teatraluri xelovnebisvarskvlavedSi. gansakuTrebiT dasama-xsovrebelia filmebi “me, bebia, ilikoda ilarioni” da “natvris xe”, romleb-Sic sesiliam warmogvidgina obolSvilisSvilze mzrunveli da aseveSvilisSvilze mzrunveli moxuci qalistragikuli saxe.

gansakuTrebuli aRniSvnis Rirsiamis mier kinofilm “daTa TuTaSxiaSi”naTamaSevi tofana, rac dRemde qarTulisamsaxiobo xelovnebis kulminaciadaris miCneuli. rogorc kinoSi, aseveTeatrSi sesilia TayaiSvilma SeqmnasakuTari skola, romelic erTnairadmimzidvelad warmoadgenda rogorcmeSCan bebias an ezos Worikanadedakacs, ise moxuc mzrunvel adamians,romlis uangaroba cxovrebiseuladmarTali da damajerebeli gaxldaT.

xelovnebisadmi sakuTari sicocxlismiZRvnaze metyevelebs Tundac is faqti,rom ukve mZimed daavadebulma sesiliamiTamaSa ukanaskneli roli eldar Sen-gelaias cnobil kinofilmSi “cisferimTeli, anu tian Sani.” am filmisgadaRebis dasrulebidan ramdenimedReSi sesilia TayaiSvili gardaic-vala.

qarTul kinosa da TeatrSi Ses-rulebuli uamravi dasamaxsovrebelirolis garda, sesilia TayaiSvilisukvdavi saxe cnobili jgufis, “pinkfloidis” videoklipSi _ Money arisaRbeWdili.

nona gafrindaSvili

nona gafrindaSvili saqarTveloserT-erTi yvelaze titulovani sportismoRvawea. igi msoflios xuTgzis Cem-pioni, 11 gunduri da 9 piradi olimpi-uri oqros mflobelia.

sul 15 wlis cqriala gogona gaxl-daT nona gafrindaSvili, roca msoflioCempionis tituli CamoarTva cnobilrus moWadrake qals, im droisaTvisWadrakis dedoflad aRiarebul nadeJdabikovas, rasac agresiuli dumiliTSexvdnen sabWoTa sportis mesveurebiTu mTavrobis wevrebi. maSin, roca lamiswesad iyo dadgenili, rom yvela maRalititulis mqone sabWoTa sportsmeni au-cileblad moskoveli an leningradeliunda yofiliyo, nona gafrindaSvilismier am stereotipis darRvevas didixani ver urigdebodnen sabWoTa sportismamebi, magram, roca nonam meoredac dama-jereblad moigo msoflio Cenpionoba,yvelaferi Tavis adgilze dadga.

1978 wels nona gaxda pirveli qalimoWadrake, visac didostatis wodebamieniWa. 1997 wels fides 68-e kongresisgadawyvetilebiT, dawesda nonagafrindaSvilis saxelobis Tasi,saWadrako olimpiadebze, romelic gadae-cema qveynis vaJTa da qalTa gundebssaukeTeso jamuri SedegisaTvis. 1996wels mieniWa saerTaSoriso sportor-ganizaciebis sami umaRlesi jildo:saerTaSoriso olimpiuri komitetisordeni, erovnuli olimpiuri komitete-bis msoflio asociaciis sapatio or-deni da evropis olimpiuri komitetisordeni. 2001 wels misi saxeli mieniWaTbilisis Wadrakis sasaxles.

m. sariSvili

diasporis sakiTxebSi saxelmwifoministris moadgile sandro bregaZe“feisbuqis” pirad gverdze aqveynebsposts, romelSic 90-iani wlebis da-sawyiss ixsenebs.

“axalgazrdobidan erTi ambavi mindagavixseno. 19 wlis var, 1991 wlis dekem-bris dasawyisia. kitovani Tbilisis zR-vazea, putCistebi yoveldRe mitings mar-Taven da mTavrobis saxlisken moiweven.rusTavelze ukve gamoCndnen wvermoSve-buli banditebi, romlebic avtomatebiTarian SeiaraRebulni, bokeria, giviTargamaZe, goka gabaSvili da sxvebiuniversitetSi studentebs aiaraRebensaomrad. wiTeli inteligencia br-dRvinavs da mokled, haerSi denTis sunitrialebs. yovel Rame uzenaesi sabWosSenobaSi varT kanonieri xelisuflebissxva mxardamWerebTan erTad.

erT saRamos batonma zviadma damiZaxa.raRac sakiTxi ainteresebda univer-sitetTan dakavSirebiT. saubris bolosvkiTxe _ ras fiqrobT, es SeiaraRebulixalxi rom daZrwis ukve rusTavelze,ras moimoqmedeben? batonma zviadmaiseTi sityvebiT mipasuxa, romeli sityve-bic arasodes damaviwydeba _ sandro,

genacvale, maTi ar meSinia da adviladdavamarcxebT, mTavari safrTxe is mteria,romelic SigniT gvyavs Semogzavnilioda xeli uzenaesi sabWos ezosken gaiSvi-ra! samwuxarod, istoria xSirad meordeba.dResac gareSe mteri (nacebi) saSiSiaraa, ai Sinauri mteri ki ZalzedsaSiSia!!!”, _ wers sandro bregaZe.

epoqaluri qarTveli qalebi, romlebmac sakuTar sferoSi didi aRiareba moipoves

bokeria, TargamaZe, gabaSvili da sxvebistudentebs aiaraRebdnen saomrad

bncfcj!tbnfhsfmpebonoqalaqevi-banZa-xonis saavtomobilo gzis 37-e

monakveTis reabilitaciamartvilis municipalitetSi, saqarTvelos regionaluri ganviTarebisa da

infrastuqturis saministros saqarTvelos saavtomobilo gzebis departamentiaxorcielebs Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi mniSvnelobis noqalaqevi-banZa-xoniss/gzis km 21+600-km 37 monakveTis sareabilitacio samuSaoebs. aRniSnuligzis reabilitacia iTvaliswinebs damxmare nagebobebis _ kiuvetebis,bogirebis reabilitacias da mowyobas.

proeqtis Rirebuleba Seadgens 735.7130 lars.samuSao daiwyo 2014-Si da dasrulda amave wels.samuSao gaaxorciela ss ,,arqeopolisma“.

zugdidis municipalitetis 2015 wlis biujetis proeqtsada prioritetis dokumentze ganmartebiTi baraTi

zugdidis municipalitetis sakuTari Semosavlebisa da specialuritransferis meSveobiT 2014 wels Semosulobebis mobilizaciam, biujetiTganxorcielebulma programebma mniSvnelovnad gaaumjobesa infrastruqtura.SesaZlebeli gaxada gzebis, xid-bogirebis mSenebloba rebilitacia, wylissistemebis saTao nagebobebis mowyoba da Sida qselebis reabilitacia, gareganaTebis axali sistemebis, mowyoba riTac gaumjobesda municipalitetSimcxovrebi mosaxleobis saocialur-ekonomikuri mdgomareoba. SesaZlebeligaxda kulturis, dasvenebisa da sportis axali obieqtebis eqsploataciaSiSesvla da Sesabamisad am sferoebis ganviTareba, mniSvnelovnad gafarTovdasaganmanaTleblo kulturuli da socialuri programebi.

momdevno 2015-2018 wlebSic municipalitetSi gansakuTrebuli yuradRebadaeTmoba adgilobrivi infrastruqturis ganviTarebas, mosaxleobis so-cialuri pirobebis gaumjobesebas, sazogadoebrivi usafrTxoebis uzrunve-lyofis xelSewyobas, jansaRi cxovrebis wesis danergvas, skolamdeliganaTlebis srulyofas da materialur teqnikuri bazis gaumjobesebas.


pirvelTaTvis is samecniero disci-plinebis _ maTematikis, geometriis, as-tronomiis, gramatikis, filosofiis dasxva misTanebis mimarT dagrovilisakacobrio inteleqtis gamovlinebisfaqtia, meoreTaTvis ki, is RmerTSemosiladamianze (adamianebze) gadmosulisuliwmidis madlia. sakiTxisadmimidgomis TvalsazrisiT arcerTi aR-niSnuli mxare ar scodavs, radganCveni informirebulobis amJamindelidonec sakmarisia imis naTelsayofad,rom qarTuli asomTavruli anbaniserT-erTi Semqmnelis _ didi bakurispirovneba srulad akmayofilebs ze-moaRniSnuli orive mxaris moTxovnebs.

SemTxveviTi ar aris is, rom rufinusakvilelis daxasiaTebiT, imxanadierusalimSi binadmyofi bakuri aramx-olod morwmuneobaze zrunavda Turmedidad, aramed Tanabrad «WeSmarite-bazec». asomTavruli damwerlobis Se-moqmedi didi bakuri ar SeiZleboda«logosebis» moyvaruli (rogoradacis libanioss miaCnda) ar yofiliyo,radgan swored maTi Secnobisa dagonebaSi gaazrebis gziT hqmnida isqarTuli mwignobrobis balavars _erovnul anbans, romlis mwkrivSi gan-lagebuli asoebi «an»-idan «j»-anamdexom im bgeriT erTeulebs (fonemebs)warmoadgendnen, romlebic qarTuli«logosebidan», sityva-gamoTqmebidan,anu mSobliuri enis sametyvelo fon-didan gamohyo man da romlebic samo-mavlod mwignobrobis gziT kvlav «lo-gosebadve» unda gardasaxuliyvnen?!vin moTvlis ramdenma aseTma «logosma»gaiara bakuris gonebaSi, raTa bgeriTerTeulebad danawevrebuli «iberiuli»ena didebul qarTul asomTavruldamwerlobaSi grafikuli simboloebissaxiT CamonakvTiliyo. ama Tu imenisaTvis damwerlobis Seqmnis movlena«es aris arsebiTad enis bgeriTi, fone-muri analizi, raSic vlindeba damwer-lobis Semqmnelis lingvisturi alRoda intuicia: igi winaswar anawevrebsenas umcires bgeriT erTeulebad,romelTa erToblioba enis bgeriTsistemas qmnis»-o, samarTlianadbrZanebs frangi lingvisti h.rozeni(ix. 15:118). amasTanave, adreqristianulperiodSi enis gageba, rogorcgarkveuli arsisa azrisgan calke, an-tikuri periodis msgavsad jer kidevar arsebobda. goneba da metyvelebawarmoidgineboda erTianobaSi, rogorcerTiani «logos»-i. swavleba sityva«logos»-ze aris safuZveli Zvel-berZnuli swavlebisa enis Sesaxeb misontologiur, logikur da TviTon gra-matikul maxasiaTeblebTan erTianobaSi.

aRniSnuli swavleba, yvela niSniT,cnobili unda yofiliyo didibakurisaTvis. akad. T.gamyreliZisdaskvniT: «qarTuli anbanis SemqmnelszedmiwevniT sisruliT aqvs warmodge-nili Tanadrouli qarTuli enis bger-iTi sistema: igi srulad da amomwu-ravad iTvaliswinebs qarTuli enisbgeraTa (fonemaTa) inventars, romelTagrafikuli gamoxatva aucilebeliaqarTuli enis adekvaturi werilobiTigadmocemisaTvis. qarTuli enis bgeriTiinventari imdenad srulad da Tan-mimdevrulad aris asaxuli Zvel qar-Tul asomTavrul damwerlobaSi, rommas am TvalsazrisiT Semdgom arsebiTicvlilebebi arc ki ganucdia» (15:129).

berZnuli ganaTlebis mqone qarTulianbanis Semqmneli piris mxridanklasikuri berZnuli fonetikuriTeoriis codnis Sesaxeb azri jerkidev germanelma lingvistma v.bedermagamoTqva da Semdeg T.gamyreliZis spe-cialurma gamokvlevamac daadasturaigive garemoeba: qarTuli asomTavrulianbanis Semqmneli flobda uaRresadfarTo filologiur erudicias,romelic moicavda imdroindeliberZnuli lingvisturi Teoriisa daberZnuli grafikuli sistemebis cod-nas (15:156 Sen., 193 Sen.). cnobilma enaT-mecnierma argumentirebulad uCvena isgaremoeba, rom Zveli qarTuli asom-Tavruli damwerloba xelovnuradaris Seqmnili nimuSad aRebuliberZnuli grafikuli sistemis gar-

daqmnisa da stilizaciis Sedegad. igiwers: «Zveli qarTuli asomTavrulianbanis Semqmneli weriT nimuSad,grafikul prototipad da modeladiRebs mis Tanadroul monumenturberZnul weriT sistemas da axdensmis stilizebul «arqaizacias», racgamoixata ZiriTadad saTanado berZnulgrafikul simboloTa pirmarcxniv Se-brunebaSi» (15:182). imave mecniers ekuTv-nis kidev erTi sagulisxmo daskvnaimis Sesaxeb, rom asomTavruli anbanisSemqmneli icnobda mis Tanadroulsxvadasxva weriT sistemebs, maT Sorisepiskopos vulfilas (ulfilas) mierIV s-is Sua xanebSi Seqmnil goTuranbansac, romlis monacemebs igi axalidamwerlobis Seqmnisas iTvaliswinebda(ix. 15:190-191).

amrigad, enaTmecnieruli kvleva-Ziebe-bis Sedegad mopovebuli sayuradRebomasalebis safuZvelze daixata qarTulianbanis Semoqmedis, imxanad jer kidevanonimi pirisaTvis damaxasiaTebelizogierTi niSan-Tviseba, romelic zed-miwevniT moergo didi bakurispirovnebas (ix. 102:95-117 da Smd.). IV s-is II naxevarsa da V s-is I meoTxedSi,ra droisTvisac ivaraudeba qarTuliasomTavruli anbanis Seqmnis movlena,didi bakuris Sesadari inteleqtiTada mravalmxrivi RirsebebiT Semkulipirovneba qarTul samyaroSi ubralodarc Cans. didi bakuris Rrmad gan-swavlulobis faqti berZnulSi sakam-aTo ar SeiZleba iyos ara mxolodmisi bizantiaSi meoTxedi saukunismanZilze cxovreba-moRvaweobis gamo,rac TavisTavad gulisxmobs iberielimefiswulis mxridan romis imperiisaRmosavleT nawilSi (bizantiaSi) sax-elmwifo statusis mqone berZnulienis srulfasovnad flobas, aramed,upirvelesyovlisa, libaniosis, gelasikesarielisa da rufinusis msgavsiganaTlebuli mwerlebis mier didibakuris maRali inteleqtualuri donisxazgasmis safuZvelze. sagulisxmoa,rom werilobiTi wyaroebis cnobebiTdid bakurs uSualo Sexeba hqondagoTebis samyarosTan: mas, rogorcbizantiis jaris erT-erT sardals,mouwia monawileobis miReba vest-goTTawinaaRmdeg im regionSi (balkaneTisn.k.) gamarTul SetakebebSi, sadac 350-wlidan moyolebuli TvistomTanamoazreebTan erTad xangrZlividrois manZilze saxlobda TviT go-Turi qristianuli damwerlobis Semqm-neli piri _ episkoposi vulfila. didbakurs goT meomrebTan da sardlebTan(magaliTad, saxelganTqmul gainasTan)axlo urTierToba uwevda imperatorTeodosi I didis laSqarSic, sadacisini mravlad iricxebodnen IV s-is80-iani wlebis dasawyisidan. ueWvelia,rom igi xvdeboda goTebs imperiis sa-taxto qalaq konstantinepolSic, sadacbevr maTgans Teodosi I-is zeobis pe-riodSi mniSvnelovani saxelmwifo dasamxedro Tanamdebobebi ekava. yoveliveaRniSnuli SegviZlia miviCnioT imismowmobad, rom ukve IV s-is 80-ianiwlebis damdegs didi bakurisaTvissruliad xelmisawvdomi iyo episkoposvulfilas mier Seqmnili goTuri qris-tianuli damwerloba.

samwuxarod, CvenTvis jerjerobiTkvlav ucnobi rCeba is, Tu konkretuladrodis, sad da ra gziT moaxerxaiberielma mefiswulma iseTi sruly-ofili da Rrma ganaTlebis daufleba,romelmac mas dRevandeli sazomebiTacki gansacvifrebeli qarTuli «asom-Tavrulis» Seqmna SeaZlebina. Tavisdroze, akad. S.nucubiZe varaudobdaimas, rom bakurs ganaTleba kolxeTSi,fazisTan arsebul da IV saukuneSisaxelganTqmul ritorikul skolaSihqonda miRebuli. aseT SemTxvevaSidasaSvebia iseTi varaudic, rom yrmamefiswulisaTvis aRniSnuli saswavle-blidan specialurad moiwvies iberiaSiaRmzrdeli (an aRmzrdelTa jgufi).magram cxadia, verc im SesaZleblobasgamovricxavT, rom bakurs 369-378 ww.-sSoris imperiis farglebSi arsebulromelime cnobil saganmanaTleblokeraSi (mag. aTenSi, aleqsandriaSi,

palestinis RazaSi, beiruTSi, antioqiaSi,edesaSi, TarsusSi, selevkiaSi, galatiiskesariaSi da sxv.) mieRo is ganaTleba,romliTac SemdgomSi is ase ancvifreb-da garSemomyofT. rodesac didibakuris erudiciis maRal donezevsaubrobT, saTvalavidan ar undagamogvrCes misi Tandayolili, WeSmar-itad RvTisgan boZebuli gonebrivimonacemebic, anu libaniosis sityvebiTrom vTqvaT, misi «bunebrivi niWi». didibakuri, rogorc ukve avRniSneT, TavisimrwamsiT orTodoqsi qristiani iyoyrmobis asakidanve.

misi Tanadrouli ucxoeli mwer-lebis cnobebiT irkveva, rom iberielimefiswuli bizantiis samxedro as-parezze myofic axerxebda qristianuliasketizmis principebiT cxovreba-moR-vaweobas da rogorc petre iberis bi-ografi ioane rufusi gvamcnobs amas,did bakurs cxovrebis am siyrmiTganvegaTavisebuli wesisaTvis arc samefotaxtze yofnis Jams uRalatia. TamamadSeiZleba iTqvas, rom didi bakurissaxiT Cvens winaSea unikalurad Tavmd-abali, Rrma sulierebis, didi intele-qtisa da qristianuli asketikur-mist-ikuri Sexedulebebis mqone RvTismosavikaci-monarqi, romlis saxe srul unison-Si modis wm. ioane oqropiris mieridealur monarqad warmodgenilportretTan, romelic xelmwifisa damonazvnis Sedarebisas dauxatasityvierad morwmuneebs wminda mamam476 wels Sedgenil erT Tavis werilSi;misi sityvebiT: «WeSmaritad mefea is,vinc amarcxebs mrisxanebas da Sursda avxorcobas, umorCilebs yovelivesRmrTis mcnebebs, inaxavs sakuTargonebas Tavisuflad da ar aZlevsuflebas sulier vnebebs damorCildnensitkboebas. me visurvebdi aseTi kacimenaxa meTaurad xalxebze, xmeleTsada zRvaze, da qalaqebsa da mxareebze,da laSqrebze; radgan, vinc sulierivnebebi daumorCila gonebas, is ioladSeZlebda emarTa xalxi RvTaebrivimcnebebis mixedviT ise, rom is iqnebodamamis magieri qveSevrdomTaTvis» (36:125-126).

anbani ZvelTaganve religiis enadiyo miCneuli. religiis mesveurebi masRvTaebriv mniSvnelobas aniWebdnen.rakiRa Zvelad anbani kriptografiulida kabalistikuri axsna-ganmartebissafuZvelsa da saSualebasac warmoad-genda, is amdenad mistikis sferosacganekuTvneboda. xolo qristiani mist-ikosisaTvis Semecnebis mTavari wyarocalsaxad aris RvTiuri gamocxadeba,romelsac eziara ufali iesu qriste.eqstazisas qristian mistikoss udidesisaidumloebebis Semecnebis niWi eZleva;am dros mas esmis «gamouTqmeli sityve-bi, romelTac adamiani ver warmoTqvams»(meore korinTelTa-12,4). anbani ZveladagreTve ganixileboda, rogorc«gamouTqmel saidumloTa sawyauli».morwmuneTa rwmeniT, bibliaSi mo-cemuli wignebi RvTis STagonebiT dai-wera. amitom Zveli qristianebis war-modgeniT, Cveulebrivi «kacobrivisibrZne» ar iyo sakmarisi «saRmrTowerilis» gulisxmisyofisTvis, mxolodrCeuli, «RvTiv ganbrZnobili» qris-tianebisaTvis iyo SesaZlebeli«gamouTqmel saidumloTa» Secnobada isic mxolod RvTaebrivi suli-wmidis Cagonebis meoxebiT. aseT adami-anebs, morwmuneTa rwmeniT, uflisaganudidesi madli imitom eniWebodaT, rom«yofiliyvnen RmrTis sityvebis mTargm-nelebi mokvdavTa winaSe, gulisxmaeyoT RvTiuri sityva ise, rogorc masxmarobda Tavad RmerTi, da ganemartaTigi adamianebisaTvis ise, rogorc maTSeuZliaT rom gulisxma hyon»-o,brZanebda wm. grigol saswaulTmoqme-di.

yovelive zemoTqmuli TvalnaTlivwarmodgenas gviqmnis imasTandakavSirebiT, Tu ra rTuli amocaniswinaSe idgnen qarTuli asomTavrulianbanis Semqmneli pirebi da kerZod,bakuri dasaxuli miznis ganxor-cielebis win. qarTuli erovnuli damw-erlobis Seqmnis umTavresi mizezi damizani xom «saRmrTo werilis» _ igive

«RmrTis sityvis» mSobliur enaze aJR-ereba gaxldaT?!

garda amisa, qarTuli asomTavrulianbani, rogorc axla ukve es gamorkveu-lia, weriT daniSnulebasTan erTadkalendarul funqciasac iTavsebda.kerZod, maTematikosebma _ n.kandelakmada g.cercvaZem sruli damajereblobiTcxadyves is garemoeba, rom qarTuliqoronikonuli welTaRricxvis sistemis(romelsac eyrdnoba qarTuli«dasabamiTgan»-i welTaRricxva. _ b.x.)warmomavloba calsaxad asomTavrulianbaniT aris ganpirobebuli, efuZnebamis rig-saTvalavs da Seqmnilia uSu-alod qristes saxelze, asaxavs ramisi cxovrebis (xareba, Soba, jvarcmada aRdgoma) qronologias «samyarosSeqmnisa» da «meored mosvlis» Sesaxebarsebul saeklesio moTxovnebTankavSirSi. maTive azriT, «ucnobmaqarTvelma kompiutistma» IV s-Si bib-liuri idea Sesaqmisa da meoredmosvlis Sesaxeb sruliad axleburadgaiazra, MmTeli yuradReba da Zal-isxmeva gadaitana samyaros dasabamidanwlebis Tvlis anbanur sistemaze da«yoveli saidumlo» erovnul welTaR-ricxvasa da asomTavrul anbanSi sama-radisod CabeWda. qarTuli anbanis 37-ive grafikul niSans Tavis drozeqronologiuri funqciac hqoniaT dak-isrebuli, anu asomTavruli anbanuriTvlis sistemiT ganpirobebuliqoronikonuli welTaRricxva zustadimden moqcevas moicavda, ramdeni aso-niSanic iyo anbanSi; Tvlis aseTi sis-tema Tavis mxriv optimaluria 532-wliani moqcevebis (pasqaluri cik-lebis) mimarT, xolo 532-is indeqsiaris 37. aRniSnul avtorTa azriT,swored am faqtis arsebobam Seasrulagadamwyveti roli 37-niSniani opti-maluri anbanuri sistemisa da qarTuliqristianuli welTaRricxvis formire-bis saqmeSi (42:143-148). erTi sityviT,saeWvo aRar aris is, rom qarTuliqristianuli welTaRricxva efuZnebaasomTavruli anbanis rig-saTvalavsda masSi gaTvaliswinebulia Cv. w. aR-is IV s-is Suaxnebamde qristianulqronologiaSi arsebuli mdgomareoba.n.kandelakisa da g.cercvaZis, ufroadre ki _ r.patariZis gamokvlevebmacxadyves is garemoeba, rom qarTuliasomTavrulis saxiT Cvens winaSea «an-bani-kalendari», romelsac, Cveni azriT,msoflio anbanur samyaroSi analogiaar moeZebneba. aseTi unikaluri qm-nilebis Sesaqmnelad, garda zemoT ukveaRniSnulisa, cxadia, saWiro iyo sa-fuZvliani maTematikur-astronomiulicodnac da es kidev erTxel cxadyofsim amocanis sirTules, romlis winaSecidga didi bakuri miznisken savaligzis dasawyisSi.

Cven sxvagan ukve gamorkveuli gvaqvs,rom did bakurs am saqmeSi hyavdaTanamdgomi sefewul gri ormizdissaxiT, romelic, qalaq beTlemismaxloblad iordanes udabnoSi mdebareqarTuli monastris mozaikuri warw-eris mixedviT, bakurs ZuZumted ekuTvn-oda (ix. 90:95-96). swored gri ormizdsSeesatyviseba koriunTan da movsesxorenacisTan naxsenebi sxvadasxvaenebis mcodne da «WeSmaritebismetyveli» kaci saxeliT «jal»-i. somexmwerlebTan aRniSnuli pirovnebis sax-elis mxolod pirveli nawilia mo-cemuli, gviandeli da isic damaxinje-buli saxiT: teqstSi ax.sparsuli sityva«jan»-i (niSnavs «suls») dazianebulia«jal»-is saxiT, xolo ax.sparsuli«jan»-is Sesatyvisi saS.sparsulSi iyoparTiuli warmomavlobis sityva «gri»(niSnavs «suls». ix. 93:34), romelicsomxurSi «asos», «bgeris», «wignis», «an-banis» aRmniSvnel termins emTxvevada Cans, rom sxvasTan erTad am mizeziTwarmoqmnili uxerxulobis Tavidanacilebis mizniT koriunis Txzulebisteqstis gviandelma (VIII s-is Semdgomidrois) redaqtor-interpolatormasaS.sparsuli sityva misi ax.sparsulieqvivalentiT Secvala (ix. 102:121-123).

besik xurcilava(gagrZeleba Semdeg nomerSi)

ejej!cblvsj!rbsUvmj!btpnUbwsvmj!ebnxfsmpcjt!gv[fnefcfmj


marTalia, jerac gamoucemel oc-tomeulSi warmodgenili zemoaR-niSnuli monacemi TqvenTvis cnobiliver iqneboda, magram CvenTvis gaugebaria,Tu ram ganapiroba SvidtomeulSi war-modgenili monacemebis daunaxaoba,Tanac, ara mxolod g Ziriseul Tanx-movnuri formis mimarT.

ganvagrZoT ganxilva kidev ramdenimemagaliTis motaniT.

Tqven, Tqvens werilSi, zemoaR-niSnulis Semdeg, werT:

d(//d)) bgera-sityva, igive Ziriseuliforma d//d) (qarT. do) me3 piris zmnaa,irTavs e. w. megrul enaSi arsebulyvela zmniswins da mraval sufiqss~...

ar gavagrZelebT da pirdapirgetyviT: d//d) araviTari bgera-sityvaar aris, igi arc zmnaa da, maSasadame,mis pirianobaze laparakic zedmetia.igi, ubralod, arafris aRmniSvnelibgeraa, fonemaa.

analogiuradve, bgera-sityvebs, Tanacme-3 piris zmnebs uwodebT, Tqven,formebs: z//z), T//T), m//m), s//s), t//t), q//q),R//R), y//y) da a. S.; miiCnevT, rom maTiumravlesoba ìrTavs e. w. megrulienis yvela zmniswins da uamrav su-fiqss~ da a. S. TiToeul maTganTan mo-gyavT magaliTebi imis Sesaxeb, Tu ramniSvnelobebiT gamoiyenebian isini daa. S.

cxadia, arasworia TviT terminic:`me-3 piris zmna~. enaSi gvaqvs: `sam-piriani zmna~, `mesame piris niSani~, ma-gram, ara `me-3 piris zmna~.

Tqvens korespodenciaSi, rac gazeTismraval nomerSi grZeldeba, TiTqmisyvela abzacSi gamoTqmulia aseTi Se-fasebebi: àmis Sesaxeb SvidtomeulSiaraferia mocemuli~, ̀ es gamorCaT Svid-tomeulis avtorebs~, `y bgeris war-moSobaze araferia Tqmuli Svid-tomeulSi~ da a. S. ai, mravalTagan,erT-erTi magaliTi;

t(//t)). bgera-sityva t) ixmarebaSemdegi mniSvnelobebiT: 1. t) (curi,jiqani). 2. t) (tova). mag., RoronTianikoCiq) naTeli kvali di-t) (RvTisniermakacma naTeli kvali da-tova); 3. t)(arCina). mag., giorgiq) ma$ale Rurasgina-t) (giorgim megobari sikvdilsgada-arCina); 4. t) (teva) lexiq) breliwvalebaSi ukuli Suri go-t) (avadmy-ofma bevri wvalebis Semdeg suliganuteva); 5. t) (Sva). mag., baRanaq)xviliri xoji gou-t) (bavSvmadamwyvdeuli xari gau-Sva).

`rogorc vxedavT, _ agrZelebT Tqven,_ imis mixedviT, Tu romel znmniswinsirTavs Ziriseuli forma t), Rebulobssxvadasxva mniSvnelobas, xolo igi ir-Tavs ra yvela zmniswins, gvaZlevsmravali sxvadasxva mniSvnelobis sity-vas. es aRricxuli ara aqvT zemoxseneb-ul avtorebs~.

`rac Seexeba t bgeris warmo-mavlobas, igi unda warmoSobiliyoxelis mtevnebis urTierT Semokvrisdros miRebul bgeraTa kompleqsze t)xmabaZviT. aqedanaa miRebuli sityvataSi (t)Si, pirdapiri TargmaniT t)si).imis gamo, rom t) bgeraTa kompleqssgamoscems TiTebis Semokvra, albaT,amitom Sedis sityvis mtevani…Semad-genlobaSi bgera t). xolo radganacZiriseul formas t), aqvs sxvadasxvamniSvneloba, anu, omonimi, SesaZloa, aR-niSnul kompleqss gamoscemdes sx-vadasxva realobebi da maTze xmabaZviThqondes miRebuli sxvadasxvamniSvnelobebi, magram iberiuli (e. w.megruli) enis mier saxelmwifo enisfunqciis dakargvis Semdeg iyos mivi-wyebuli.~

ra aris yovelive es, batono kukuri,Tu ara piradi fantaziis nayofi? ganaSeiZleba, amgvari etimologiuri Ziebe-bis marTebulad miCneva?

rac Seexeba Tqvens ganacxads, àv-torebs t) da sxva Ziriseuli formebisleqsika aRricxuli ara aqvTo~, naxeTSvidtomeulis Sesabamisi tomebisSesabamisi gverdebi da darwmundebiT,rom es ase ar aris. Tumca, mTavari esrodia.

Tqven, ratomRac, sityvebs uwodebTamgvar formebs: z), do-z), f), qo-f) dasxva, maSin rodesac aseTi sityvebimegrulSi ara gvaqvs, aramed gvaqvssityvebi, Sesabamisad: zuu (zila. sax-elzmna zala, zuala zelva); do-zuu(dazila, mozila); fuu (iduRa, saxelzmna

fuala duRili), qo-fuu (aduRda) da a.S. ar gavagrZelebT.

am werilis daweras erT kvirazemeti movandome, ise mimZimda (gasagebimizeziT) winadadebidan winadadebazegadasvla (magram upasuxobac ar var-goda), amasobaSi, batono, kukuri, ai, ravifiqre: Cvens naSromebSi asaxul zogmonacemsac xom ar miuZRvis garkveuliroli Tqvens SecdomebSi? ai, ra gvaqvsmxedvelobaSi: jer erTi, miuxedavadimisa, rom Cveni naSromebi marTlaczRva masalas moicavs, maTSi yvelaferirodia srulad naTqvami, amowuruli;meoreda, magaliTad, iq, sadac ganxiluligvaqvs sityva `msgavsia~, mocemuliaaseTi Sefaseba: msgavsia sityvis Ziriag. misi Tanmxlebi danarCeni bgerebi )-bgeriseuli warmomavlobis afiqsebia.sityva msgavsia sityva-sityviT gamox-atavs: m-s [mas] gvanebuli is ([aris].cxadia, es ar niSnavs imas, rom sityvamsgavsia aRniSnuli sityvebis kombi-naciiT Sedgenili sityva iyos; mesame-da, iq, sadac ganxiluli gvaqvs sakiTximegrulis sityvebis aRwerilobiTi xas-iaTis Sesaxeb, motanili gvaqvs aseTimagaliTebic: megrulSi gvaqvs sityvame-ur-c-u midis, magram gvaqvs amgvarisityvebic: mio-gvanjR-an-c) `gvinjRali~,anu dabali, Cafskvnili da Cia erTgvari,midis garkveuli taqtiT, mismieri ier-saxiT; mi-o-baz-an-c) `bizali~ anumsxvili da gaberili midis mismieriiersaxiT, mi-wark-al) `wirkali~ anuwerweta mirbis an midis Cqara da tan-rxeviTad mismieri iersaxiT. cxadia, esar niSnavs imas, rom yvela es sityvebiwarmodgenilni iyvnen aRniSnul formeb-Tan. amgvari axsnis saSualebas(saWiroebis gamo) iZleva aseTi sityve-bis Ziriseuli formebi, rac moqmedisagnis rogoradobis warmomCeni (zed-sarTavisaxeliseuli) formebia, da isderivati sagramatiko saSualebebi, rom-lebic axlavs mocemul formebs afiqse-bis saxiT. imis gamo, rom igiveZirianiformebi qarTulSi (arc sxva enebSic)ara gvaqvs, aseTi sityvebi swored amg-vari aRwerilobiTi xerxiT unda gani-marton.

dabolos, gaurkvevlobas xom ariwvevs is faqti, rom Cven garkveulimizniT, rogorc xmabaZviT isearaxmabaZviTi sityvebic Segnebuladdayvanili gvaqvs Ziriseul Tanxmovnurformebamde

Tumca amaTi mizezebi da safuZvlebi,Cven, Tavis droze da Tavis adgilasaxsnili gvaqvs da Tqven igi danaxuliunda gqondeT, batono kukuri.

amjerad. yovelive zemoaRniSnulidangamomdinare, warmovadginoT calkeulimokle daskvnac da mosazrebac. ai,isinic:

batono kukuri! Tqveni ganacxadiimis Sesaxeb, rom rom Svidtomeulisavtorebs megrulis 30 (sinamdvileSi_ 29) Tanxmovani bgeridan Tu ZiriseuliTanxmovnuri formdan TiTqosdagamorCenili gvqondes 16 maTganis `gam-Rebi konkretuli fizikuri realobe-bis~ Cveneba, rogorc zemoT war-movaCineT, absoluturad mcdaria.sinamdvile is aris, rom Cven diaxacwarmovaCineT megrulis 29-ve Tanxmovanibgeris, aseve, danarCeni 8 bgeris gamRebikonkretuli realobebi, magram ara mx-olod 29 an 37 amgvari realobismixedviT, aramed 1869 realobis mixed-viT, imdenad ramdenadac, rogorcgamokvlevam dagvanaxa, Tanamedrovemegrul enis sametyvelo bgerebi miRe-bulia bunebaSi mocemuli (bunebissaganTa mier gaRebuli) 1869 gabmuli,daunawevrebeli bgerebisagan anu xmi-anobebisagan.

ai, ratomac ar gaaCniaT sametyvelobgerebs anu fonemebs mniSvneloba(rasac Tqven eZebT, da, _ nebismier sa-fuZvelze, _ TiTqosda poulobT kidec)da ratom aqvT maT miniWebuli mxolodmniSvnelobamcvleli anu distinqciuriunari;

ai, ratom gaaCniaT mniSvneloba mor-femebs da TviT sityvebs, oRondxmabaZviT anu bunebriv safuZvelzewarmoSobil amgvar enobriv erTeulebsda ara xelovnur safuZvelze SemoRe-bul `wminda wylis~ pirobiT niSnebs,romelTaTvis mxolod cnebiToba arisdamaxasiaTebeli;

ai, ratomac warmoadgens nebismieri

enis leqsika saganTa samyaros Tavise-bur models.

ai, ratomac warmoadgens megrulienis leqsika, _ misi gasaocari sim-didrisa da sityvebis aRwerilobiTixasiaTis wyalobiT, _ saganTa univer-saluri samyaros universalur models;

ai, ratomac aris aucilebeli, sityvisetimologiis Seswavlisas sityvissworad daSla mis Semadgenel naw-ilebad, da aramcdaaramc, misi darRveviTanu nebismier safuZvelze, _ ese igi,Cveni neba-survilis mixedviT.

dabolos, aqve, xazgasmiT unda aRin-iSnos Semdegi realobis Sesaxebac:rogorc am werilis TavSive iTqva,megruli enis leqsikis Seswavlis mag-aliTze, Cvens mier Seswavlil iqnaara mxolod am enis, aramed zogadadanu saerTod enis da sxvadasxva eniswarmoSobis safuZvlebi.

cxadia, nebismieri enis warmoSobissafuZvelTa safuZvels (filogenezuriTvalsazrisiT) warmoadgens bunebaSimocemuli bgerebisadmi xmabaZviToba.

dedamiwaze arsebuli yvela enissametyvelo bgerebi erTi da imavemasalisagan, _ bunebaSi mocemuli mgere-bisagan warmomavloben, anu warmoadgenenbunebaSi mocemuli bgerebis adami-aniseul reproduqcias.

xmabaZviTi warmomavlobis enobrivierTeulebi, Mmorfemebi da sityvebierTnairadve arian determinirebulnida erTnair safuZvelze gvevlinebianideamtareblebad, anu motivirebulebad.

marTlacda, riTia gansxvavebulierTmaneTisagan, megrulis R)rini||Rri-ali, qarTulis Rriali da rusulisgrizic. cxadia, arafriT, garda imisa,rom sxvadasxva pirvelyofili adami-anebis mier ramdenadme gansxvavebuladaris aRqmuli daTvis Tu sxvaTa Rri-ali da, Sesabamisi saartikulacio bazi-sis ganviTarebis gamo, miRebulia erT-maneTisagan ramdenadme gansxvavebulisametyvelo bgerebica da sityvebic.

maSasadame, Tqveni da sxvaTa mosazre-bebi (rasac Zalian xSirad axmianebT)imis Sesaxeb, rom TiTqosda mniSvnelobe-bi warmodgenili iyos mxolodmegruli (iberiuli, kolxuri) enissityvebSi, da aseTi ram ar gaaCndeTsxva enebis sityvebs; rom, enis war-moSobis safuZvlebi warmodgeniliiyos mxolod megrul enaSi, absolu-turad mcdaria. sxva sakiTxia is, rommegruli ena Zalze mdidaria xmabaZviTiwarmomavlobis sityvebiT da maTs sa-fuZvelze miRebuli ukidegano leqsik-iT; rom masSi naTlad ikiTxeba eniswarmoSobis safuZvlebic da ganviTare-bis istoriac. es realoba Cvens naS-romebSi kargad gvaqvs axsnili daamitomac Cvens gakvirvebasac ki iwvevsis,rom zemoT aRniSnul mosazrebebsTqvens nawerebSi xSirad vxvdebiTxolme.

Cvens gakvirvebas wvevs is faqtic,rom miuxedavad ara erTi mecnier-mkvlevaris da sxvaTa, maT, Soris, prof.n. lemonjavasa da Cveni SeniSvna-Tx-ovnisa, rom megruli da qarTuli enebismoxseniebisas SegewyvitaT win wamZR-varieba erTob damakninebeli da Seu-racxmyofeli formulirebisa è. w.~(qarTuli gagebiT, es xom araraobisgamosaxatavad gamoiyeneba), Tqven verSeelieT Tqvens mosazrebas dapraqtikas am mxriv. ìafeturi ena~,ìberiuli ena~, `kolxuri ena~adrindeli saxelebia Tanamedrovemegruli (da ara mxolod) enisa, megrulenad is mravali saukunis winaT iqnasaxeldebuli, konkretul obieqtur sa-fuZvelze, da ara vinmes neba-surviliT,rogorc Tqven migaCniaT. amgvaricvlilebani enaTa da sxvaTa saxel-wodebebisa, gana mravlad ar momxdarada ar xdeba xolme? magaliTad, adreqveyanas sofeli erqva, kubos ki taxti,magram amis gamo, axla ramdenad marTe-buli iqneba, rom vweroT è. w. qveyana~,è. w. kubo~ da a. S.;

Cvens gakvirvebas iwvevs eti-mologiuri kvlevis Tqveneul meTodeb-Tan da SedegebTan mimarTebaSi CveninaSromebis Sesaxeb Tqvens mier gakeTe-buli Semdegi ganacxadebi: 1) èti-mologiuri kvlevis Cemeuli meTodi,vfiqrob, Tqvens titanur SromebTanaraviTar winaaRmdegobaSi ar modis,piriqiT, pirvelyofili metyvelebis

Sesaxeb Tqvens mier dadgenili de-bulebebis konkretuli magaliTebiTdadasturebad mimaCnia~; 2) `sanamZiriseuli formebis konkretuli mag-aliTebis kvlevis ufro srulyofilimeTodi SemuSavebuli ar aris, CemiSexedulebebis uaryofa SeiZleba mar-Tebuli ar iyos~; 3) profesionalienaTmecnierebi Tu gamoiCenen am mimar-TulebiT dainteresebas da Cemsmignebebs ganaviTareben... da Seecdebiane. w. megruli enis siRrmiseulSeswavlas, lingvisturi mecnierebamniSvnelovan naxtoms gaakeTebs TavisiganviTarebis istoriaSi~ (ìlori~, 284)...

ganvixiloT erTobliobaSi, samivemosazreba:

etimologiuri kvlevis TqveneuliSexedulebebi da meTodi rom CveninaSromebis monacemebTan aSkara winaaR-mdegobaSi modis, vfiqrobT, ukve kargaddainaxeT da mas ar (verc) gavimeorebT.ver dageTanxmebiT imaSi, rom Cveni naS-romebi pirvelyofili metyvelebisSesaxeb debulebebis dadgeniT Semoi-farglebodes da Tqveni kvlevebi amdebulebebis konkretuli magaliTebiTdadasturebas warmoadgendes, SemdegiviTarebis gamo: jer erTi, Cvens naS-romebSi warmoCenilia enis (mocemulienis, zogadad anu saerTod enisa dasxvadasxva enis) wamoSoba-ganviTarebismTeli istoria, Tavgadasavali: es, Cvensrulad da naTlad warmovaCineTgamokvlevis obieqtis megruli enisgasaocari simdidris leqsikis _ 1miliard 410 milionze meti sityvis _anu konkretuli magaliTebis fan-tastikuri simravlis _ etimologiisdadgenis safuZvelze. (daudgenelidagvrCa mxolod am leqsikis erTmemilioned nawilze naklebi sityvebiswarmomavloba); es miRweul iqnaZiriseuli Tanxmovnuri formebis diaxsrulyofili, SeiZleba iTqvas, _ uni-versaluri (laT. erTaderTi da ganu-meorebeli) meTodis gamoyenebiT, rac,Tavis mxriv, gamoixata Cvens mier, jerkidev adre, xmabaZviTi sityvebis gamoc-nobis 9 kriteriumis warmoCenaSi damis gamoyenebaSi sakvlevi enis mTelikolosaluri leqsikis sityvaTwarmo-mavlobis dadgenis saqmeSi. megruliena, Cvens mier, diax Seswavlilia siR-rmiseulad, Tanac ise, rom am mxriv masbadali ar eZebneba msoflios enebsSoris.

rac Seexeba Ziriseuli Tanxmovnuriformebis Tqveneuli kvlevis konkre-tul magaliTebs, rogorc ukve davinax-eT, isini saamisod gamousadegari aR-moCnda da amitomac, momavalSi `kvali-ficiuri enaTmecnierebis mierTqveneuli kvlevis meTodis SemdgomiganviTarebisa da enaTmecnierebaSi nax-tomis gakeTebis~ perspeqtiva ar ikveTe-ba, miT umetes iseT pirobebSi, rodesacenis warmoSobis safuZvlebis amoxsniTgansakuTrebiT didi naxtomi ukvegakeTebulia.

gaiTvaliswinebT Tu ara, samomavlod,yovelive amas, Tqven da sxvebic, batonokukuri, es Tqveni saqmea. Cvenis azriTki, zemoaRniSnulTan erTad, migvaCnia,rom gasaTvaliswinebelia agreTveSemdegi:

uTuod garkveuli sifrTxileasaWiro Cveni naSromebis Sefasebisas,maTi monacemebis sisworis jerovnadaRqma-gagebis TvalsazrisiTac, da, imisgaTvaliswinebiTac, rom es naSromebiwarmoadgenen ara mxolod maTi av-torebis an Tundac sruliad saqarTve-los kuTvnilebas, aramed mTeli kaco-briobis kuTvnilebasac (es mxolodCveni Sefaseba rodia);

sifrTxilea saWiro Cvenmieri monace-mebis: debulebebis, daskvnebisTeoriebis, hipoTezebis, Sexedulebebisgamoyenebisas; sasurvelia. rom citatebimaT Sesaxeb, wesisamebr, warmodgeniliqnan ucvlelad, interpretaciis gareSe(xolo Tu aseTi saWiroa, igi calkeunda gakeTdes) da ganTavsdnen br-WyalebSi; amasTan, miTiTebul iqnas av-torebica da wyaroebic, vinaidanuamisod, arc Tu ise iSviaTad, adgiliaqvs avtorebisa da wyaroebis nebsiTTu uneblieT miCqmalvas da ignorire-basac ki;

mamanti ZaZamia,profesori, akademikosi

(dasasruli Semdeg nomerSi)

aucileblobiT ganpirobebuli komentarebi kukuri fifias da sxvaTa sagazeTo publikaciebze


Tu lxinSi Zmebi varT, WirSiac egre unda viyoT..., anu qarTvelebsa da azerbaijanelebsSoris darRveuli urTierTobis Sesaxeb

SeuZlebelia ar aRgaSfoTos qar-Tul Jurnal-gazeTebSi gamoqveynebulmabolodroindelma tragikulma statieb-ma, romlebic saqarTvelos uZvelesiistoriuli kuTxis, dRes saingilodwodebuli mxaris qarTuli mosaxleo-bis gaubedurebul yofas asaxavs.

amJamad msoflio civilizaciismovlenebze, yvela kontinentis xalxTayofaze, yoveldRiuri informaciuliwyaroebis saSualebiT, TiTqmis yve-laferia cnobili, magram rac azerbai-janis (TviTsaxeli _ azerbaijanlilar)respublikaze ̀ gaCuqebuli~ 50 aTasianiingilo qarTvelebis Tavze xdeba, ms-gavsi ubedureba arsad araa dafiqsire-buli.

dRevandeli saingilos anuadrindeli saxelwodebiT kak-elisenisada Wiauris samouraos qarTvelebisgaubedurebul cxovrebaze, romelicme-17 saukunidan dRemde grZeldeba,udaod lomis wili miuZRvis iqaurqarTvel gamahmadianebul Tavadebs –vaxvaxiSvilebs, qarTuli warmomavlobisalibegebs, sulTanebs, romlebic Tavismefeebs Ralatobdnen da sakuTari ini-ciativiT Sekrebili meomari razmebiT`pirsisxlian Sahs edgaT gverdiTqarTvelTa JletaSi~.

am statiaSi ar gvicdia saingilosqarTuli mosaxleobis umZimesi, vityoditragikuli istoriisa niuansebSiCavwvdeT, magram zog rameze SevCerdeb-iT.

istoriidan cnobilia, rom 1615-1616w.w. Sah-abasma piradad ilaSqra kaxeTissaxelmwfoze da igi mTeli sisastikiTmiwasTan gaaswora. maT Soris, iyo kakissamouravoc. Tumca aseTi SemosevebiTmterma mizans ver miaRwia,ufro metic1625 wels qarTvelebma giorgi saakaZismeTaurobiT martyofis velze, erTiSexedviT uZleveli Sahis uzarmazararmias musri gaavles. saakaZem TavisiZlevamosili jariT saqarTvelossazRvrebidan gaaZeva yizilbaSTa gar-nizonebi da aq CamosaxlebulimomTabare Turqmenuli tomebi, Semdeg`ficxel aiWra~ daRestanSi da kaxeTiswameba-aoxrebaSi monawile lekTa TemebisaTanadod dasaja. magram qarTulimSromeli mosaxleobis naSrom-naamagarisimdidris mitacebaze daCveuli lekur-waxuruli Temebi, mainc ar iSlidnenTavianT siaves da jgufurad Tavs esx-modnen alaznis velze kak-elisenisada Wiauris mosaxleobas, awiokebdnenmaT, itacebdnen yvelafers, maT Sorisadamianebsac gamosasyidis gamoZalvismizniT.

ra Tqma unda, qarTveli mefeebi verurigdebodnen gamudmebul Semosevebs,amitom mefe Teimuraz I-ma da zuraberisTavma zedized orjer dalaSqresqurmuxisa da samuris xeobebi, gawmindesmomTabare velurebisagan da droebiTamosunTqvis saSualeba misces qarTulmosaxleobas.

Tumca SemdegSi ar wydeba velurTaTareSi qarTul miwa-wyalze, verc sak-maod dasustebuli saqarTvelo icavsTavs gaZlierebuli mtrebisagan, amitomqarTuli mosaxleobis garkveuli naw-ili, fizikuri gadarCenis mizniT iZule-bulia daTmos qristianuli sarwmu-noeba da mahmadi aRiaros. es usiamovnoprocesi qarTul mosaxleobaSigrZeldeboda ruseTis koloniurijarebis Semosvlamde kavkasiaSi.

swored 1840-ian wlebSi elisos sul-Tani iyo general-maiori daniel-begi,romelmac 1844 wels uRalata ruseTisxelisuflebas da miemxro Samils.amiT ganawyenebulma rusebma elisosmosaxleobas moaSora moRalateebi,gaanTavisufla isini sulTan vaxvax-iSvilis saxlis ymobisagan ekonomiuradwaxalisebulma da Zaladobisagan gan-Tavisuflebulma qarTulma mosa-xleobam swrafad aRidgina qristian-uli _ Tavisi didi winaprebis sarwmu-noeba.

saingilos qarTulma mosaxleobam

met-naklebad warmatebebiT ase moaRwiasabWoTa xelisuflebis damyarebamde,Tumca Cvens sulisa da xorcis alalnawils, arc aman uSvela. Tu mTelssabWoTa kavSiris teritoriaze `Camor-igebuli~ iqneba SedarebiT mcire rao-denobis xalxebze avtonomiebi anavtonomiuri olqebi, saingilo azer-baijanis teritoriis ubralo dana-matad iqca da raikomis mdivnebidandawyebuli uSiSroebis TanamSromlebiTdamTavrebuli, yvelafers akeTebdnenraTa maTTvis qarTuli suli amoeZirk-vaT. ase, rom sabWoTa periodSi ufrogamwvavda saingilos qarTvelTa cx-ovreba.

Tumca, ingiloeli qarTvelebi, verurigdebodnen absolutur gadagvarebas,amitom dedasaqarTvelos mxardaWeriT1960-1961 wlebSi delegacia gaigzavnamoskovSi uamravi saCivrebiT, ris Sede-gad moxda seriozuli gardaqmnebi maTcxovrebaSi _ ingilo qarTvelebsaRudga qarTuli skolebi, xolo za-qaTalaSi gaixsna skola-internati.

magram or-sam weliwadSi 1963-1964wlebSi, azerbaijanis suk-is warmomad-genlebma daaSines zegamisa da Tasma-los avtoritetebi da qarTuliskolebi azerbaijanulad gadaakeTes.

axla, konkretulad mogiTxrobT Tura mdgomareobaa dRes azerbaijanissaingilos qarTul mosaxleobaSi daparalelurad visaubreb Cveni moZmeazerbaijanis uflebebis SesaxebsaqarTveloSi.

ar SeiZleba ar aRgaSfoTos s. kere-seliZis mier Jurnal `sapatriarqosuwyebanSi~ (#27 da #28) gamoqveynebul-ma statiebma, romelSic asaxulia azer-baijanis teritoriaze – saingiloSimcxovrebi im 40 aTasi wamebuliqarTvelebis bed-iRbalma, romelSidacisini imyofebian bolo aTeuli wlebisganmavlobaSi..

rogorc cnobilia, jer kidev sabWoTaperiodSi azerbaijanelma xelmZR-vanelobam `moaxerxa~ ramdenime qar-Tuli soflis mosaxleobis dena-cionalizacia da asimilacia, romlisprocesi dRemde intensiurad grZelde-ba.

ris Sedegadac maTi garkveuli rao-denoba iZulebiT gaazerbaijanulebian galekebulni arian.

am ramdenime xnis win, saingiloSiCasul qarTvel JurnalistebTan erTxandazmul ingiloels didi gulistki-viliTa da RvarZliT uTqvams: _ `Cvenadre qarTvelebi viyaviTo~. aseTi ukuR-marTi bedi Cveni eris im warmomadgen-lebs adredac rgebiaT, magram es xomaraa is didi qveynebi: rogoricaa ul-mobeli TurqeTi, sparseTi, saberZneTi,an ruseTi. azerbaijani SedarebiTmcire qveyanaa, Tan Cveni uaxlesi mezo-beli da moZme eri, romelTanac bevrisasikeTo urTierTobebi gagvaCnia. Tum-ca rogorc praqtikidan Cans, azerbai-januli marwuxebi aranaklebi simwriTuWers Cvens qarTvelebs, ris gamocdRes asimirebuli da gaazerbaijaneb-ulia qarTuli soflebi: zegami, Tas-mali, marsani, yoraRani, qandaxi, yafanaCxi,verxiani, hengiani, SoTavari da sxva. amsivrcis qarTvelTa STamomavlobam arcqarTuli ena icis da arc wera-kiTxva,ra Tqma unda arc mSobliuri eris is-toria.

ganusazRvreli siZulvili da CagvraqarTvelebisa azerbaijanelebis mier,msgavsi dRes albaT arsad arc erTkuTxeSi ar xdeba. aqve unda avRniSnoTis faqti, rom azerbaijaneli erovnebismosaxleoba saqarTveloSi intensiuradizrdeba da Tu 1926 wels maTi ricxviSeadgenda 137 aTass, 1969 wels orjermeti iyo da man 308 aTass gadaaWarba.saWirod mimaCnia, mkiTxvels mivawodoqronologiurad im uflebebis Sesaxeb,riTac azerbaijaneli mosaxleobasargeblobs saqarTveloSi daqarTvelebi azerbaijanSi:

azerbaijaneli mosaxleobis

uflebebi saqarTveloSi

1. amJamad moqmedebs asze meti azer-

baijanuli skola da seqtori;

2. marneulSi gaxsnilia azerbaija-

nuli universiteti _ heidaruni;

3. azerbaijanuli mosaxleobiT kom-

paqturad dasaxlebul raionebSi mo-

qmedebs aTeulobiT meCeTi, sadac azer-

baijaneli sasuliero pirebi aRmsare-

blobis sruli TavisuflebiT sarge-

bloben;

4. TbilisSi gaixsna azerbaijanuli

kulturis muzeumi;

5. TbilisSi da rusTavSi gaixsna

heidar alievis skverebi, rac misasal-

mebelia;

6. saqarTveloSi Camoyalibebulia

`sazogadoebrivi mauwyebeli~, romelic

yoveldRiurad azerbaijanul enaze

gadascems informaciul cnobebs. mar-

neulSi arsebobs azerbaijanuli te-

levizia da presa. baqos televiziebs

mudmivi korespodentebi hyavT qvemo

qarTlSi;

7. eTnikurad azerbaijaneli moq-

alaqeebis uflebebs saqarTveloSi sa-

xelmwifo struqturebis garda icavs

arasamTavrobo seqtori da saerTaSo-

riso organizaciebi;

8. saqarTveloSi mcxovreb azerbai-

janul mosaxleobas aqtiurad uWers

mxars baqo, xelisuflebis warmomad-

genlebi xSirad stumroben, xels uwyo-

ben maTTvis aucileblad saWiro sa-

kiTxebis mogvarebaSi;

9. saqarTvelos administracia, ara-

sodes Careula azerbaijanuli oja-

xebis Sinaur saqmeebSi, gansakuTrebiT

ki axaldabadebulTa saxelebisa da

gvarebis SerCevis mizniT;

10. saqarTveloSi mcxovreb azerba-

ijanelTa umravlesobam ar icis sa-

xelmwifo ena qarTuli, magram mainc

iniSnebian Tanamdebobebze sajaro sam-

saxurebSi;

11. rogorc azerbaijanSi, aseve sa-

qarTveloSi, azerbaijanelma axal-

gazrdebma wera-kiTxva mSobliur enaze

TiTqmis yvelam icis;

12. saqarTveloSi azerbaijanuli

dResaswauli `bairamoba~ uqme dRed

aris gamocxadebuli da mas saqarTve-

los mTavroba oficialurad ulocavs

da pativs miagebs mas. qarTuli media

yovelTvis aSuqebs azerbaijanul erov-

nul Tu religiur dResaswaulebs;

13. cnobili ambavia, rom

saqarTveloSi asobiT azerbaijanuli

skola funqcionirebs, aseve gaxsnilia

universiteti. maT mier Sedgenili

programiT muSaoben yovelgvari

SezRudvebis gareSe, es maTi istoriaa

Tu erovnuli literatura.

qarTvelTa uflebebi azerbaijanissaingiloSi

1. qarTuli skolebi daketilia aniketeba im motiviT, rom `yvelam azer-baijanulad unda iswavloso~. ìqnebsaqarTvelom aliabadSi erTi qarTuliskola mainc agviSenoso~ _ ixvewebaqarTuli mosaxleoba (aliabadSi 11aTasi qarTveli cxovrobs);

2. azerbaijanis – saingiloSi aseTiram SeuZlebelia;

3. azerbaijanis saingiloSi qarTuliuZvelesi taZrebis absoluturi um-ravlesoba daketilia, isini àlbanurZeglebadaa~ Seracxuli. mTelssaingiloSi ki mxolod erTaderT qarTv-el marTlma-didebel moZRvars eZlevamoRvaweobis ufleba. sxva taZrebis amo-qmedebasa da axali sasuliero pirebisdaniSvnis uflebas azerbaijanuli ad-ministracia kategoriulad zRudavs;

4. saingiloSi anzor dolenjaSvilmadaarsa alibeglos saxelobis qarTuliTeatri, romelic mxolod formalura-daa da dRes savalalo mdgomareobaSiimyofeba upatronobis gamo, naxevraddangreulTa;

5. miuxedavad imisa, rom araerTiqarTveli erovnebis cnobili adamianimoRvaweobda azerbaijanSi, arc erTimaTganis saxeli araa dafiqsirebuli;

6. pasuxad azerbaijanis saingiloSiàraTu qarTuli televizia da presa,gamomcemloba, aramed Tbilisidan qar-Tuli presis gamowera da iq Catanasastikad akrZalulia~ (s.k); saingiloSimcxovrebi qarTvelebisaTvis aseTi ram,mxolod ocnebaa;

7. aseTi ram, saingiloSi mcxovrebiqarTvelebisaTvis miuwvdomeli fufu-nebaa;

8. saingilos qarTvelebi moklebulniarian msgavs yuradRebas. Tbilisis mxar-daWera epizoduria da araefeqturi;

9. ingiloel qarTvelebs adgilobriviadministracia aiZulebs qarTvel mSob-lebs, axaldabadebul bavSvebs daarqvanazerbaijanuli saxelebi. kidev ufrogaugonar diskriminacias aqvs adgiligvarebis dafiqsirebis SemTxvevaSi;

10. azerbaijanis saingiloSi, sadacqarTvelebma azerbaijanuli saxelmwifoena ician, xSirad ufro ukeTesad, vidreTavianTi mSobliuri ena, miuxedavadamisa iq qarTvelebs Tanamdebobebze arniSnaven;

11. imis gamo, rom azerbaijanis sain-gilos rig raionebSi qarTuli skolebiver funqcionireben, aTasobiT axal-gazrdam mSobliur enaze wera-kiTxvaar icis, arc warmodgena aqvT TavianTistoriaze;

12. azerbaijanis saingiloSi araTumTavrobis warmomadgenlebi, aramed raio-nis da soflis administraciac ki arTvlis saWirod qarTul mosaxleobasmiulocos romelime erovnuli dResas-wauli, maT Soris giorgobac, rasac ad-gilobrivebi qurmuxobas eZaxian. ufrometic, qarTul-azerbaijanul saxelmwi-fo sazRvarze ingilo qarTvelebs ara-nairi qarTuli literaturas, wignebsada Jurnal-gazeTebs ar Seatanineben damas mebaJeebi usityvod arTmeven, èsmoxda maSinac ki, roca am processqarTveli Jurnalistebi veswrafodiT~_ wers Jurnalisti batoni sergo kere-seliZe;

13. azerbaijanis saingilos skolebSi,kerZod aliabadSi, sadac 11 aTasiqarTveli iricxeba, qarTveli bavSvebiukiduresad diskriminirebulia. ammoswavleebs I-II klasebSi qarTuladsaubars ukrZalaven, winaaRmdegSemTxvevaSi dasja ar acdebaT, xolomaT mSoblebs amaze xmis amoRebis eSini-aT, isini suk-is mier daterorebulniarian.

ai, rogor mimarTaven deda saqarTvelos ingiloeli qarTvelebi, anu SiSiTgamowveuli moridebuli vedreba: (amonaridi s. kereseliZis statiidan _ àrminda Cveni ena daikargos `sapatriarqos uwyebani~ #27).

èrTianoba ar aris, yvela zrunavs sakuTar Tavze da sakuTar ojaxze, imitom,rom saqarTvelos dakargul teritoriaze varT migdebulad... xels ar gviwyobssaqarTvelo da Cven verafers ver vakeTebT damoukideblad~...

`me Zalian mwyins qarTuli mTavrobis, rom yuradRebas ar gvaqcevs, magaliTadCven nebas ar gvrTaven, rom qarTuli saxelebi davarqvaT bavSvebs... qorwilSicki gviSlian, rom Tamadam qarTulad isaubros~!

àzerbaijaneli deputatebi saqarTveloSi Cadian azerbaijanelTa problemebismosagvareblad, magram saqarTvelos parlamentis deputatebi ar CamodianCvenTan ingiloebis problemebis mosagvareblad... zaqaTalasa da belaqnisraionebSi qarTvelTa mdgomareoba marTlac sagangaSoa da Tbilisis mxardaWeraTiTqmis ar igrZnoba~.

simon domentiZe,oner ZaZua,

mecnierebis doqtorebi


var 90 wlis asakSi, pedagogi, 52 weli

vemsaxurebodi saSualo da umaRles

saswavlebelSi axalgazrda Taobis aRzr-

das. 16 weli vmuSaobdi skolis direq-

torad, erTdroulad mimuSavia soxumis

saqalaqo sabWoSi, sazogadoebriv sak-

iTxebze. vasrulebdi partiul davalebas,

viyavi ojaxuri konfliqtis Semswavleli

komisiis Tavmjdomare, amitom Tavs valde-

bulad vTvli gamovexmauro rogorc

saqarTvelos mTavrobisa da Sss ministris

moadgilis baton levan izorias mier

warmodgenil strategiul samuSao ver-

sias ojaxuri da mezobluri Zaladobis

Sesaxeb, romelic Zalian mosawoni da

mniSvnelovania.

me rogorc sazogadoebis erT-erTi

wevri msurs Cemi wvlili Sevitano, Cemi

Sexeduleba da gamocdileba gadavce

dainteresebul pirebs da CaverTo am

metad mniSvnelovan RonisZiebaSi.

avtorebi sazogadoebas mouwodeben

aqtiuri monawileoba miiRon am metad

mniSvnelovan saqmeSi, magram amas Tavisi

meTodika sWirdeba, samwuxaroa, magram am

saqmeSi dRes ver davikvexniT sazoga-

doebis maRal aqtiurobaze.

dRes cxovreba, urTierToba da

mezobloba televizorma Secvala. qalaq

TbilisSi, korpusebSi, mcxovrebTa abso-

luturi umravlesoba mezoblebisa ar

icnobs erTmaneTs da ar ician ra xdeba

maT samezobloSi. adamianebi gaxdnen kar-

Caketilebi.

Zaladobas yovel epoqaSi, yovel

wyobilebaSi hqonda adgili. es iqneboda

ojaxuri, mezobluri, sagvareulo, saTemo,

sisxlis aReba (magieris gadaxda) Tu

sxva.

bevri msmenia da minaxavs Zaladobis

gamomwvevi mizezebi, maT Soris yvelaze

gavrcelebuli oyo eWvianoba _ qmari

klavda meuRles an mis sayvarels.

meore adgili ekava ezo-karis mijnas,

erTi mtkaveli miwisaTvis an erTi

Ziri xisaTvis mezobeli klavda mezo-

bels an asaxiCrebda. mesame adgilze

iyo gayra (mama-Svilis an Zmebis).

sasaciloa, magram isic msmenia, rom me-

diatorebma Zmebs uremi Suaze gaux-

erxes, raTa qonebaze pretenzia arcerTs

ar hqonoda.

momswre var Zaladobis Tavidan

acilebis mizniT saqmeSi uxucesebis Care-

vis. mcxovani, avtoritetiani sazogadoebis

warmomadgenlebi ar iSurebdnen ZalRones,

raTa SeerigebinaT gadamterebulebi.

“vaJkacoba is aris, kacma mteri moy-

vared gadaixados, Tore mokeTe rom

gadaimteros, eg ra biWobaa” _ ambobda

didi vaJa-fSavela.

swored am deviziT moqmedebdnen Cveni

winaprebi da mizans aRwevdnen. dResac

Zaladobis gamomwvevi mizezebi nawilo-

briv igivea, mxolod im gansxvavebiT, rom

dRes Zveli Tu axali TaobisaTvis ufro

advilad xelmisawvdomia civi da cecxl-

sasroli iaraRi. adamianebi TiTqos

gacivdnen erTmaneTTan damokidebulebaSi

_ sazogadoebam daiviwya devizi _ „mezo-

beli mezoblisaTvis wamalia“.

xalxi gaxda ufro jiuti, agresiuli,

TavdauWereli, mouTmeneli, Cemi azriT

amis erT-erTi mizezia axalgazrda Taobis

araswori aRzrda. dRes cxovreba sul

sxvanairia. uwin qals wisqvilSi vin nax-

avda zurgze tomaramokidebuls. es ojax-

is sircxvili da Seuracxyofa iyo.

dRes ki Cveni qalebis umetesoba zurgze

tvirTmokidebulni sad ar arian. bavSvebi

ki dauswreblad dedis alersisa da

moferebis gareSe uxeSebi da agresorebi

izrdebian. qalebs Sehyurebs mTeli ojaxi,

rogorc mama-marCenals. mamakacebis

gasaRizianeblad qalebi ufro aqtiurebi

gaxdnen yvela sferoSi vidre mamakacebi.

uwin qalisaTvis vinmes, rom eTqva „qali

ki ara, mgeliao“ es misTvis Seuracxyofa

iyo iseTi, rom kacze geTqva „qalaCuna

kaciao“. qali unda yofiliyo qaluri,

kaci _ kacuri. me amiT qalebs Seuracxy-

ofas ar vayeneb, piriqiT qalebma

gadaarCines ojaxebi.

me zeviT avRniSne, bavSvebi dedis aler-

sis gareSe ufro agresiulebi izrde-

bianmeTqi, mqonda amisi safuZveli. gagraSi

kargad vicnobdi sabavSvo saxls, skolas

sadac udedmamo bavSvebi cxovrobdnen

da swavlobdnen, romlebic xasiaTiT di-

dad gansxvavdebodnen Cveulebrivi skolis

bavSvebisagan.

q. TbilisSi me yoveldRiurad vsarge-

blob sazogadoebrivi transportiT, sadac

mgzavrebi ise iqcevian da eqcevian moni-

toringis mosamsaxureebs, ifiqreb, nuTu

eseni qarTvelebi arian? (deputatebo!

xandaxan imgzavreT sazogado trans-

portiT!).

uwin, rogorc skolaSi ise umaRles

saswavlebelSi amowmebdnen moswavleebs

da studentebs civi iaraRi xom ar hqon-

daT jibeSi. skolis klasis damrigebeli

miuxedavad imisa, mas damatebiTi Tanxa

ar eZleoda, valdebuli iyo evlo

moswavleTa kardakar da daefiqsirebia

JurnalSi moswavlis pirobebi mSoblebis

CaTvliT, romelic meoTxedSi erTxel

ixileboda pedsabWoze, dRevandel

pirobebSi miuxedavad imisa, rom klasis

damrigeblebs cota Tu bevri mainc mou-

mates xelfasi, ukanaskneli 10 wlis gan-

mavlobaSi Tu vinmes unaxia moswavlis

kardakar damrigebeli?

komunisturi mmarTvelobis drosac

iSviaTi ar iyo ojaxuri Zaladobis

mankieri SemTxvevebi, magram mTel rig

meTodebs mimarTavdnen mis aRmosafxvre-

lad, romlis RonisZiebaSi mec mimiRia

monawileoba.

marTalia es iyo komunistebis periodi,

magram rogorc Zvelma cnobilma filoso-

fosebma ukuagdes uvargisi da datoves,

rac gamoadgebodaT, ise Cvenc ukuvagdoT

komunisturi periodis uvargisi da

gamoviyenoT rac gamogvadgeba.

oTxmocian wlebSi vmuSaobdi q. soxu-

mis saqalaqo sabWos sistemaSi, maSin

partiis wevrs Tu deputats hqonda sazo-

gadoebrivi davaleba. me vxelmZRvanelob-

di ojaxuri konfliqtis komisias da Tu

miiReben Cemi gamocdileba minda

gauziaro msurvelebs.

1. Seiqmnas ojaxuri da mezobluri

konfliqtis gamomwvevi mizezebis Sem-

swavleli komisia qalaqia meriebSi, sakre-

buloebSi, municipalitetebSi, romelsac

uxelmZRvaneleben gamocdili da av-

toritetiani muSakebi, deputatebi sazo-

gadoebriv sawyisebze da romlis wevrebi

iqnebian Sss-s muSakebi, warmoeba-dawese-

bulebebis gamocdili adamianebi,

ganaTlebisa da jandacvis muSakebi.

komisiam unda Seiswavlos aramarto

sasamarTlodan Tu sxva zemdgomi orga-

noebidan gamogzavnili masalebi, aramed

mosaxleobisagan miiRos gancxadebebi aR-

niSnul sakiTxze.

2. umaRles saswavleblebSi, teqnikumeb-

Si, akademiebSi da skolebSi xSirad unda

tardebodes leqcia-moxsenebebi Zalado-

bis sakiTxebze, ratom unda atarebdes

skolebSi civ iaraRs? ratom ar SeiZleba

gasinjva? gansakuTrebiT didi pasuxis-

mgebloba akisria klasis damrigebels,

raTa Zirfesvianad Seiswavlos Tavisi

sadamrigeblo klasis moswavleTa av-

kargi.

3. korpusebSi, saerTo sacxovreblebSi,

quCebSi arCeul unda iqnas iseTi korpuse-

bisa da quCis komitetis Tavmjdomareebi,

romlebsac guli SetkivaT saerTo saqmeze.

maTi avtoritetis asamaRleblad, maTi

xelmoweris gareSe ar gaices civi da

cecxlsasroli iaraRi. ojaxuri Zaladobis

konfliqtis komisiis da sakrebulos war-

momadgenlebma miiRon aqtiuri monawileoba,

raTa mosaxleobasTan erTad krebaze ganix-

ilon ojaxuri Zaladobis sakiTxi.

4. Cveni wesrigis damrRvevebs vibareb-

diT CvenTan roca vixilavdiT sakiTxs,

xSirad ki vikribebodiT ezoebSi

mosaxleobis TandaswrebiT, radgan es

ufro efeqturi iyo SerigebisaTvis. xan-

daxan col-qmris Serigebas pur-mariliT

davakanonebdiT. es maTTvis meore qor-

wili iyo. amave meTodiT vexmarebodiT

gadamterebul mezoblebsac.

bodiSs viTxov, rom zogierTi fraza

rogorc miTiTeba gamovida, magram me ra

ufleba maqvs vinmes miuTiTo, ubralod

gagacaniT Cemi xedva Zaladobaze.

mirian jalaRonia,afxazeTis veteranTa kavSiris

Tavmjdomare, moZraoba “Serige-bisa” da uxucesTa kavSiris wevri,

akademikosi, mwerali

ojaxuri da mezobluri Zaladoba

rogor SeiZleba, gamsaxurdias wigns, cixeSi xalxis gamaupatiurebel axalaias, “Sedevri” Seadaro?!“me ar var batoni zviadis am naS-

romiT aRfrTovanebuli. is erTgvari“traqtatia”, romelSic “nametnavad pa-triotulad” da ambiciuradaa warmoCe-nili Cveni qveynis istoriuli warsulida funqcia.”

“baCo axlaias wigns aqvs perspeqtiva,rom rom TiToeuli qarTvelisTvis sax-elmZRvanelod da samagido wignadiqces”

TbilisSi, saxviTi xelovnebis muzeu-mis mSenebare Senobaze mimagrebul xara-Coze “Tavisufali zonis” wevrebma oribaneri “momaval wels soxumSi” da amJa-mad patimrobaSi myofi Tavdacvisyofili ministris baCo axalaias wignissaTauri “soxumi _ Cemi ierusalimi”gamoakres. baneris gamokvris SemdegsaxviTi xelovnebis muzeumTan sapatru-lo policia mivida, Tumca aranairizomebi ar miuRiaT. mSenebare SenobisxaraCoze “Tavisufali zonis” wevrebicimyofebodnen, romlebic santa klausisformebSi iyvnen gamowyobili da axala-ias wigns kiTxulobdnen. cota xnis winwignis maRaziebSi baCo axalaias wigni_ “soxumi Cemi ierusalimi” gamoCnda,romelic zogierTma saqarTveloseqsprezidentis zviad gamsaxurdias wigns_ “saqarTvelos sulieri misia” Seadara.

am wignze komentari komentari sandrobregaZes vTxoveT, romelic Tavis drozezviad gamsaxurdias aqtiuri mxardamWerigaxldaT:

_ rogorc gavige, viRac-viRaceebi amwigns zviad gamsaxurdias “suliermisias” adareben. es dauSvebelia, rogorSeiZleba gamsaxurdias wigni cixeSixalxis gamaupatiurebel axalaias “Sede-vrs” Seadaro?!. adamianebma, vinc icianzviadis Semoqmedeba, kargad uwyianzviadis usazRvro ganaTlebis Sesaxebda eWvic ar eparebaT mis maRal in-teleqtSi da roca am yvelafers cixisufrosis inteleqts adareb es minimummkrexelobaa. vfiqrob, adamianebi, vincaseT Sedarebas axdenen sulierad avad-

myofebi arian. maT aucileblad undaimkurnalon Sesabamis adgilas. me nanaximaqvs jaba ioselianis “sami ganzomile-ba” da Sinaarsidan gamomdinare, am wignsufro Sevadarebdi da vfiqrob, ufromarTebuli iqneboda, vinaidan isicdamnaSave iyo da esec damnaSavea, Tumcajabam am wignSi Tavis codvebis SesaxebRiad ilaparaka da bevr adamians xelicdaado da saqarTvelos mtrebTan pir-dapir kavSirSi amxila, maT SorisTengiz kitovansa da Tengiz siguas.ara mgonia, axalaias am wignSi raime ms-gavsi gaecxadebinos an sinanulis grZno-ba hqondes.

_ am wigns ramdenime istorikosmasakmaod maRali Sefaseba misca...

_ darwmunebuli var rom batonma ax-alaiam normalurad wera-kiTxvac kiar icis da saerTod, es wigni aris kimis mier dawerili?! rac Seexeba is-torikosebis Sefasebas, verafersgetyviT, radgan wigni ar wamikiTaxavda arc momavalSi vapireb mis wakiTxvazedrois dakargvas.

socialur qselebSi aqtiuradvrceldeba informacia, rom axalaiaswignis erT-erTi faruli Tanaavtorisoxumis universitetis profesori zurabpapasqiria, romelsac davukavSirdiT:

_ CemTvis sasiamovno moulodnelobaiyo, rom baCo axalaiam patimrobaSiwigni dawera, kidev ufro mesiamovna,rodesac wavikiTxe wignis saTauri:“soxumi _ Cemi ierusalimi”. es arisSeZaxili-mowodeba, romelic undagaiTavisos TiToeulma qarTvelma. sx-vaTaSoris, minda giTxraT, rom soxumisada afxazeTis ierusalimTan simboluraddakavSireba, araa baCo axalaias“eqskluzivi”. amgvarma frazam pirveladgaiJRera 1996 wels afxazeTidan de-vnilTa yrilobaze. wignSi mocemuliasaqarTvelos bolodroindelimovlenebis sakmaod kvalificiuri anal-izi. avtori amJRavnebs wignierebas. wign-Si mocemuli politikuri procesebis(maT Soris baCo axalaias xelisufle-

baSi yofnis periodis) avtoriseulixedva, SeiZleba zogjer subieqturicaa,Tumca zomierad politizirebuli. er-TaderTi rac baCos davuwune, esaa misimidgoma afxazebis mimarT; is zedmetadmkacria. misTvis, faqtobrivad, yvelaafxazi moRalate da separatistia. esmidgoma araa CemTvis misaRebi. mas zo-gierTi zviad gamsaxurdias “suliermisias” adarebs, me cota sxvanairiSexeduleba maqvs. me ar var batonizviadis am naSromiT aRfrTovanebuli.is erTgvari “traqtatia”, romelSic“nametnavad patriotulad” da ambiciu-radaa warmoCenili Cveni qveynis isto-riuli warsuli da funqcia. gardaamisa, zviad gamsaxurdia sul sxvadonis figuraa. baCo axalaias wigninamdvilad araa (da verc iqneba) aseTiambiciis matarebeli, Tumca mas aqvsperspeqtiva, rom rom TiToeuliqarTvelisTvis saxelmZRvanelod dasamagido wignad iqces.

_ arsebobs mosazreba, rom erT-erTifaruli Tanaavtori Tqven xarT.

_ es Wori da sruli sisulelea,sasacilodac ar myofnis es ambavi. amwignis arseboba pirvelad maSin gavigeroca baCos meuRlem, ani nadareiSvilmadamireka da mTxova, rogorc profe-sional istorikoss, afxazeTis uaxlesiistoriis erTgvar mematianes, Tanac misimamis _ Tamaz nadareiSvilis axlomegobars, prezentacias davswrebodi daazris gamomeTqva. prezentaciaze vTqvi,CemTvis es naSromi politologis sak-valifikacio naSromad rom warmoedgi-naT, mas didi siamovnebiT miviCnevdi(emociuri Semadgenlis CamocilebiT)sakmaod maRali donis sadoqtoro dis-ertaciad-meTqi.

l. gogolaZe

gazeT “iloris” komentari: saintere-soa, riTi moxibles ase axalaiebma pro-fesori zurab papasqiri, romelmac WeS-maritebas sakmaod daurideblad Seaqciazurgi da satanis samsaxurSi Cadga. ro-

gorc misi sityvebidan Cans, pativcemulprofesor papasqirs axalaiasadmi sim-paTia im “sasiamovno moulodnelobam”gauCina, rac mas baCana axalaias opusisxilvisas ewvia. albaT damerwmuneba ba-toni profesori, rom bevrad ufromasStaburi “sasiamovno moulodneloba”ewveoda mas, Tu baCanas gverdiT moisvamdada moayolebda, Tu rogor awamebda esarakaci patimrebs cixeebSi da rogorxocavda maTTvis arasasurvelpirovnebebs _ Tundac im soso Wanturias,romlis mamamac roland axalaias TxisgaupatiurebisTvis sapatimroSi ukraTavi. aseve didi “sasiamovno moulod-neloba” ewveoda baton profesors maSin,Tu Tavad roland axalaias moayolebda,Tu rogor moxibla mezoblis Txa daraoden didi siamovneba miiRo masTansqesobrivi kavSiriT!

mTeli es istoria daTa TuTaSxiasamonakvness maxsenebs, rac mas grafisegedisagan patiebis sigelis SemdegaRmoxda: “ratom dgebian aseTi kacebiaseTi mTavrobis samsaxurSi, netavi?”.marTlac Zneli gasagebia, Tu risigulisaTvis SeiZleba mecnierma adamianmasimpaTiebi gamoavlinos im kanibalismimarT, romelic lamis cocxlad sWamdaadamianebs da sicocxles umaxinjebdaTanamoqalaqeebs? amas mxolod erTiaxsna SeiZleba hqondes _ Senc mkvlelida kanibali xar, magram mainc axerxebsakuTar sulsa da sxeulSi am simaxinjisvualirebas...

magram, xom gagigiaT, _ “kacma Wirimala, magram Wirma Tavi ar damalao”!

iqneb amaze erTxel mainc dafiqrdesprofesori zurab papasqiri, radganmkvleli axalaiebisadmi misi amgvarisimpaTia da megobruli Tanadgoma Tavis-Tavad Segvaxsenebs Zvel romaul frazas:“miTxari vin aris Seni megobari dagetyvi vina xar Sen”!

amitom, unda icode papasqiro, romroca nacional aramzadebTan megobrob,Senc maTi ali-kvali xar!


wjtjb ,,qbqboxzwjsj’’?Tbilisi-zugdidis avtomagistralis,

xobis raionis sofel xeTis terito-riaze, ramdenime aseuli metrismanZilze gorakze mdebareobssamegreloSi cnobili patara tba sax-elad ,,papanwyviri’’. legendis Tanaxmadtbis adgilze cxovrobda mRvdeli(megrulad papa). rodesac erTxelmRvdelma Tavis damxmare adamianebs,nads sadilad aWama ZaRlis xorci,miwa iZra da mRvdeli Tan Caitana,CaiZira. (megrulad dinwyu) da am adg-ilas aRmocenda tba, romelsac uwodes,,papanwyviri’’ (qarTulad CaZirulimRvdeli). es tba Tavisi SesaniSnaviadgilmdebareobis, kamkama wylis gamosamegrelos mosaxleobisaTvis sayvare-li dasasvenebeli adgili iyo.

,,papanwyviris’’ istoria gamaxsena xo-bis raionis sofel xeTaSi arsebulmarTulma situaciam, romelic ramdenimewelia grZeldeba da dasasruli aruCans. dapirispireba da dava mimd-inareobs soflis mcxovrebTa da amsofelSi arsebul S.p.s. ,,inka-invests’’Soris. soflis mosaxleoba am S.p.s-smaTi kuTvnili qonebis mitacebaSiadanaSaulebs, rasac kategoriuladuaryofen S.p.s.-s warmomadgenlebi. ,,inkainsetma’’ sofel xeTaSi SeiZina 300 ha-mde miwa, SemoRoba da am teritoriazesadac tba ,,papanwyviric’’ moeqcanebarTvis gareSe Sesvlis ufleba ar-avis ar aqvs.

soflis mcxovreblebma simarTlisdadgenis mizniT saxelisuflebosturqturebs mravaljer mimarTes, ma-gram maTgan raime damaimedebeli pa-suxebi ver miiRes. ai ras weren isinisaqarTvelos premier-ministrisadmigazavnil werilSi ,,me-20 saukunis 50-ian wlebSi Seiqmna xeTis dafnisa dacitrusebis sabWoTa meurneoba, romelicwarmatebiT funqcionirebda 90-ian wle-bamde. sabWoTa wyobilebis daSlisSemdeg zemoT xsenebuli teritoriamosaxleobas gadaeca ijariT sarge-blobis uflebiT. 2006 wels S.p.s. ,,xe-

Tam’’ garkveuli proceduruli dar-RvevebiT Seiyida xeTis dafnisa dacitrusebis sabWoTa meurneoba. amSesyidviT ,,xeTis’’ mflobelobaSi ga-davida ara marto dafnisa da cit-rusebis nargavebi aramed unikalurijiSis mcenareebis, maT Soris bzisa daurTxelis saukunovani tyis safari,qarsafari zolebi da mtknari wylissaTaveebi, romlebic uzrunvelyofensofel xeTisa da mimdebare soflebiswyalmomaragebas. wlebis manZilzexeTis mcxovreblebi gulis tkiviliTvadevnebT Tvals CvenTvis sasicocxlomniSvnelobis mqone tyis safarisganadgurebas. TiTqmis mTlianad gaiCexaqarsafari zoli, mimdinareobs kir–qvis mopovebis samuSaoebi, romelicaZliarebs erozias. bolo wlebSiTiTqmis yvela saTaveze sagrZnobladiklo wylis donem, zafxulis TveebSimosaxleoba uwylobiT itanjeba. 2012wlidan S.p.s. ,,xeTis’’ xelmZRvanelobammiiRo gadawyvetileba mosaxleo-bisaTvis gaewyvita saijaroxelSekrulebebi, im motiviT, rom Se-mosavali ver faravda xarjebs. 200-zemeti moijare daTxovnil iqna samuSao-dan, romlebic TavianTi SromiT uvlid-nen da abarebdnen S.p.s-s mosavals daSesabamisad Rebulobda am Semosavlis30%-s. dRes es adamianebi umuSevrebiarian’’ naTqvamia premier-ministrisadmigagzavnil werilSi, romelsac xels10-mde soflis mcxovrebi awers.

xeTis mkvidris jumber latariasgancxadebiT xobis municipalitetissofeli xeTa 1300-mde komls iTvlisda moqmedi kanonmdeblobiT TiToeulkomlze kerZo sakuTrebaSi gacemuliun da iyos 12500 kv.m. sasoflo sameur-neo daniSnulebis miwis nakveTi.,,vinaidan sofel xeTaSi ar moipovebodaam odenobis Tavisufali savargulebi,es sakiTxi unda gadawyvetiliyo S.p.s.,,xeTis dafnisa da citrusis’’ xarjze,romlis saerTo farTobi Seadgens 450ha-s. magram samwuxarod aRniSnuli

teritoria gaiyida sarfian myidvelzeda soflis mosaxleoba davrCiT miwebisgareSe. S.p.s. teritoriaze funq-cionirebs saxerxi qarxana, gaiCexaunikaluri saxeobis kedris jiSisxeebi da 17 ha qarsafari zoli, amito-mac Cven moviTxovT dadgindes S.p.s.,,xeTis’’ mier xeTis dafnisa da cit-rusebis sabWoTa meurneobis Sesyidviskanoniereba, dadgindes rogor moxdaS.p.s.-s kuTvnilebaSi ramdenime wliTadre gaxsnili sasaflao, aikrZalosam teritoriaze xeebis Wra da kirqvismopoveba, gaixsnas ukanonod gadaRobiligza, romelic ar Sedis mis mflo-belobaSi da mcxovreblebs mieceT Ta-vianT sacxovreblamde Tavisufladgadaadgilebis saSualeba’’ _ aRniSnajumber latariam.

2012 wels S.p.s. “xeTa” iyida da 100%mflobeli gaxda S.p.s. ,,inka-investi’’,romlos direqtori ruslan iosavausamarTlod miiCnevs soflis mcx-ovrebta pretenziebsa da moTxovnebs.misi TqmiT maT yovelgvari kanonisdacviT Seisyides es teritoria daaseve kanonierad axorcieleben saqmi-anobas. ,,Cven ukve daviRaleT yoveliveimis gamo, rac xdeba Cvens garSemo. sx-vadasxva komisiam ramdenjerme Segva-mowma da araviTari ukanonoba ar aR-moauCeniaT. Cven kanonierad vfunq-cionirebT, magra amis gageba soflisramdenime mcxovrebs ar surs da isevmaT gasagonad minda vTqva: Cven zustadvflobT 261,6 ha-s, dasaqmebuli gvyavs200-mde pirovneba, saqarTvelos yvelakuTxidan, ZiriTadi saqmianoba dafnisaWra da citrusebis damzadebaa, 400-500laramde iReben xelfass stabilurad’’_ ganacxada ruslan iosavam. misiTqmiT atexili aJiotaJis gamo samuSao-Ta warmoeba SeCerebuli aqvT da ucdianTu ras daadgens axali komisia.

ruseTidan camosulma biznesmenmaS.p.s. ,,inka-investis’’ erTerTma dam-fuZnebelma da mewilem boris iosavamgamoTqva mzadyofna Sexvdes soflis

mosaxleobas da SeZlebisdagvaradgadawyviton arsebuli problemebi, Tum-ca samwuxarod aseTi Sexvedris mowyobaver xerxdeba, radgan boris iosava miswinaSe wayenebul moTxovnebs usamarT-lod Tvlis da amitomac mniSvnelovaninawilis Sesrulebas ar apirebs. ,,mees teritoria kanonis sruli dacviTmaqvs Sesyiduli da veranairi komisiaveranair siyalbes ver aRmoaCens, amit-omac komisiebis Seqmnaze ukeTesiaSemxvdes 5-6 warmomadgeneli soflismosaxleobisa, magram isini aseT Sexve-draze ar modian, Zalaze arian, ZaliTki isini verafers ver wamarTmeven,radgan me vmoqmedeb kanonierad.muSaobaSi miSlian xels, amis gamoramdenime aqtivisti prokuraturaSicaris dafiqsirebuli. Cven 10 weliavmuSaobT da 10 weli soflis meur-neobaSi mogebas ver iZleva. momcenCems mier daxarjuli 5,5 milioni dadResve waval xeTidan’’, ganacxada borisiosavam. misi TqmiT, rac SeuZlia daT-mos, esaa 32 ha saZovari, romelic missakuTrebaSia. ,,gamoisyidon SemoRobonda isargeblon, xolo gzas ki, mzadvar SemovRobo gzis gaRma-gamoRma ter-itoriebi da gza iqneba Tavisufaligadasaadgileblad. rac Seexeba ,,pa-panwyvirs’’ romelic mouvleli dadabinZurebuli iyo, gaiwmindeba teri-toria, gaixsneba kafeebi, iqnebadasvenebisaTvis yvela aucilebeliatributebi, tbaSi iqneba navebi dayvela msurvels SesaZlebloba eqnebadatkbes am mSvenierebiT.

gaTvaliswinebulia, rom unda Seiqm-nas xobis municipalitetisa da samegre-lo-zemo svaneTis samxareo adminis-traciis erToblivi komisia, romelmacunda moagvaros xeTelebis winaSe ar-sebuli problemebi, Tumca saWvoa romam komisiam SeZlos am ,,fors-maJoruli’’situaciis mogvareba.

lado qiria,zugdidi

antuan de sent egziuperisnaklebadcnobili locvapatara nabijebis xelovneba

ufalo, ar gTxov saswaulebs da mi-

raJebs, gTxov, yoveli dRis Zalas.

maswavle patara nabijebis xelovneba.

gamxade dakvirvebuli da mixvedrili,

raTa yoveldRiurobis siWreleSi

droze SevCerde Cems amaRelvebel aR-

moCenebze da gamocdilebaze.

maswavle Cemi cxovrebis drois

sworad gamoyeneba. maCuqe alRo, raTa

SevZlo pirvelxarisxovanis garCeva

meorexarisxovanisgan.

gTxov, TavSekavebisa da zomis Zalas,

raTa ar vifarfato cxovrebaze, ar

visrialo, raTa gonivrulad davgegmo

dRis mdinareba, raTa davinaxo mwver-

valebi da SoreTebi da zogjer mainc

vipovo xelovnebiT tkbobis dro.

damexmare, gavigo, rom ver damexmareba

verc warsulze da verc momavalze

ocnebebi.

damexmare, viyo aq da exla da rom

aRviqva es wuTi, rogorc umTavresi.

damicavi im gulubryvilo rwmenis-

agan, romlis Tanaxmadac cxovrebaSi

yvelaferi iolad da uproblemod

unda iyos.

gamagebine, rom sirTuleebi, damar-

cxebebi, dacemebi da warumateblobebi

aris cxovrebis bunebrivi Semadgeneli

nawili da meti araferi. Cven maTi

meSveobiT vizrdebiT da vmwifdebiT.

gamaxsene xolme, rom guli xSirad

ekamaTeba gonebas. saWiro dros

gamomigzavne is, visac eyofa vaJkacoba

CemTvis siyvaruliT simarTlis saTqme-

lad.

me vici rom bevri problemisgadawyveta SeiZleba da Tu ki arafersgavakeTeb, maS, maswavle moTmineba.

Sen ici, Tu rogor gvWirdeba megob-roba. dae, viyo bedis am yvelaze mSve-

nieri da nazi saCuqris Rirsi.momeci mdidari fantazia imisTvis,

rom saWiro dros, saWiro adgilas

usityvod an sityviT mivce vinmes au-cilebeli siTbo.

maqcie sul “qveviT” myofTaTvisgagebinebis unaris mqone adamianad.

damicavi cxovrebaSi raRacis xeli-

dan gaSvebis SiSisgan. momeci ara israc me minda CemTvis, aramed is rac

marTlac aucilebelia.

maswavle patara nabijebis xelovne-

ba!

antuan de sent-egziuperi

saTrevelagigzavniT kidev erT saTrevelas

saydrisze, rameTu rom vinmes esSevarCinoT, arafriT ar SeiZleba,miT ufro iseT gvelaZuas, rogoricarCil kbilaSvili gamodga... rocatelearx „imedze“ mis pasuxs vis-mendi, maZrZwunebda imis gaxseneba,rom igi saqarTvelos mTavariprokurori iyo.

„vai, egeTas samarTals!“

okro-bokro gzaze oqro!radgan dRemde de-iuredvnebebi ver daiurves,gza moZebnes okro-bokro,rom moxveton meti oqro.da saydrisis damangrevelT

surT, kanoniT amagrebdnen,

xan ministri – JinaSlili,

xan – batoni kbilaSvili.

magram azrze vinc ver modis,

ver uSvelis „RMJ goldi“...

minda gkiTxo, parlamento,

Sen axlaxan sZlie veto

da rad iTmen dRemde, netav,

ZeglTa dacvis saagentos?

sxvis wisqvilze is wyals asxams

da kanonebs igdebs masxrad.

mtrad gadiqca Cveni modgmis,

rom gamdidrdes „ RMJ goldi.”

hoda, mterTa gasaxarad

umZimesi dadga xana,

agvifeTqes saydrisi da

agvioxres yaCaRana...

aleqsandre Sengelia

saydrisze datireba

evrokavSirSi TurqeTis gawevrianebismsurvelTa raodenobam sagrZnoblad

iklomosaxleobis ukanaskneli gamokiTxviT gairkva, rom TurqeTis moqalaqeTa mx-

olod 28 % emxroba qveynis evrokavSirSi gawevrianebas. saagento “anadolus”

informaciiT, amas mowmobs noemberSi evrokomisiis dakveTiT Catarebuli gamok-

iTxva, romelSic monawileoba TurqeTis sxvadasxva provinciidan 1.087-ma

adamianma miiRo.

gamokiTxvis mixedviT, evrokavSirSi TurqeTis gawevrianebas gamokiTxulTa

39 % kategoriulad ewinaaRmdegeba, 25 %-sTvis am sakiTxs didi mniSvneloba ar

eniWeba, 8 %-s ki pasuxis gacema gauWirda, radgan maTac uaryofiTi damokidebuleba

gaaCniaT evropuli Rirebulebebisadmi.

saagentos Tanaxmad, bolo wlebis ganmavlobaSi es maCvenebeli yvelaze

dabalia, radgan jer kidev maisSi Catarebuli gamokiTxvis SedegebiT, TurqeTis

mosaxleobis 38 % emxroboda evrokavSirSi gawevrianebas, winaaRmdegi ki 33 %

iyo.

TurqeTma evrokavSirSi gawevrianebis Sesaxeb ganacxadi formalurad 1987

wels Seitana, molaparakebebi ki 2005 wlidan daiwyo, magram saqmes jer

sasikeTo piri aSkarad ar uCans!.

12 27 ianvari _ 3 Tebervali 2015

sportuli kuTxe mihyavs Jurnalist giorgi jalaRanias

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am qveynidan Zalian axalgazrda wavida:1982 wlis 13 dekembers, rikoTis uRel-texilze avtokatastrofisas daiRupa damxolod 13 dRis (13 mis cxovrebaSisakraluri cifria) Semdeg, 26 dekembersmdinareSi ipoves misi cxedari.

sul 25 weli icxovra, magram am afxazmabiWma imdeni SeZlo, rom mTel qveyanasTavi uzomod Seayvara da qarTulifexburTisa da saerTod, saqarTvelosistoriaSi dauviwyari gamarjvebisfurceli Cawera, rac dRes zRapristolfasi gvgonia.

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pirvelad, soxumis “dinamoSi” TamaSisdros, 1972 wels vnaxe. Cvenma mTavarmamwvrTnelma iuri gramatikopulom Camoiy-vana da amxanagur SexvedraSi 20 wuTiaTamaSa. magram am 15 wlis oCamCirelmabiWma iseTi agresiuli da teqnikurifexburTi aCvena, yvela gaocebuli dagv-tova.

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vladimer gucaevi: _ warmoudgeneliiyo, eRalata, masze dayrdnoba SeiZleboda.pirdapiri, alali da samarTliani biWigaxldaT. “dinamoSi” ramdeni weli iTa-maSa da ar maxsendeba masze nawyenimwvrTneli, fexburTeli Tu bazisubralo TanamSromeli. vitalis arasworda uweso saqciels veravin gaixsenebs.

Tavidan isic Tavdamsxmeli iyo, mar-jvena flangzec TamaSobda. axalkacisniWi swored is iyo, rom yvelas Tavispozicia mouZebna. vitali CemsaviT swrafiar yofila, magram naxevardacvaSi udidesiplusebi gamoaCina, saocrad bevr samuSaosasrulebda, hqonda am poziciisTvissaWiro siswrafe, saukeTeso teqnika dagamZleoba.

saerTod, kaci rac ufro niWieria,sakuTar Tavs metsac sTxovs. vitali kiyoveldRe cdilobda, guSindelze ukeTeTamaSa. 13 maisis Semdegac araferiSecvlila. varjiSis Semdeg yvela vrCe-bodiT da vcdilobdiT, damatebiTi var-jiSebiT nakli gamogvesworebina. zogiteqnikaSi moikoWlebda, zogi _ burTisarTmevaSi, zogsac _ dartyma hqondagasaumjobesebeli.

vitalis arasodes dazarebia, naxevarisaaTi mainc ivarjiSebda da bolos radonis fexburTelic gaxda, yvelasmoexseneba. magram yvelaze metad imiTmaocebda, rom cxviri erTi wamiT arauwevia. am yvelafris gamoa, qarTulifexburTis istoriaSi erT-erTigamorCeuli varskvlavi rom iyo daudidesi kvali rom datova. bednieri

kaci viqnebi, msgavsi fexburTeli 21-esaukuneSic rom gamoCndes...

nodar xizaniSvili: _ diRmis bazazemisi gacnobisTanave mivxvdi, rom Camoy-alibebuli pirovneba iyo. sezonis win,leseliZeSi vemzadebodiT da samjeradi,Zalian damRleli varjiSebi gvqonda.magram imdenad didi iyo ZiriTad Semad-genlobaSi moxvedris survili, am var-jiSebis Semdeg gverdiT stadionze ga-daviparebodiT da vTamaSobdiT. garTobayvelas uyvars, magram fexburTis gamoyvelafers ganze gadadebda. vfiqrob, esdRevandeli axalgazrdobisTvis magal-iTad gamodgeba _ rogor unda Camoyal-ibdes varskvlavi. bevrs xumrobda, xasi-aTze mogiyvanda kacs. warmoudgeneliiyo, ukan daexia. mosiyvarule guli hqon-da, magram Tu vinme gaamwarebda, mtrisas,iseTi Cxubi icoda. erTi rom yofiliyo,aT kacs ar Seepueboda.

aseTi kaci moedanzec saWiroa. Sec-domas rom dauSvebdi, gamogisworebdada Sens saqmes dauzareblad da dau-madleblad gaakeTebda. visac fexburTiesmis, kargad mixvdeba, es raoden dadebiTiTvisebaa.

erTxel, moskovSi, iqaur “dinamosTan”vitalim magrad iTamaSa da amis Semdegnakrebis Sekrebaze davrCiT. moskovSivseirnobdiT me, vitali da xoren ogane-siani. am dros, daaxloebiT 10-kacianijgufi mogviaxlovda. aSkarad gvicnes,Cemsken da vitalisken wamovidnen. meremas sxvebic mohyvnen da Cqari nabijebiTwamovidnen. rogorc mere gavigeT, moskovis“dinamos” gulSematkivrebi iyvnen da vi-talis kargi TamaSiT gamwarebulebmaCveni cema moindomes. moxvedriT rogorar mogvxvda, magram Cvenc araferidagviklia. vitalim gansakuTrebiT iva-Jkaca. iseTi urtya, filmebSi rom ginax-avT...

Tengiz sulaqveliZe: _ vitali jerkidev sabWoTa kavSiris olimpiur nakreb-Si gavicani. sasacilo istoria maSinSegvemTxva: gamixarda, nakrebSi CveneburibiWi rom moxvda, Tan afxazeTidan romiyo. me rusuli ar vicodi da vifiqre,damexmareba-meTqi. magram aRmoCnda, romman qarTuli ise icoda, rogorc me _rusuli. Tumca qarTuli male iswavla.

warmoidgine, ra fexburTeli undayofiliyo, roca 17 wlis biWma “dinamos”ZiriTadSi moipova adgili. fizikuradZliers teqnikac saswauli hqonda. erTimniSvnelovani faqtoricaa: burTi Tuver aarTvi, verc gaitan. man ki kargiarTmevac icoda da magari dartymachqonda _ Tan, orive fexs Tanabradxmarobda. misTvis burTis warTmeva kiZalian Zneli iyo.

rac man diuseldorfSi gaakeTa, amasmxolod didi fexburTeli SeZlebda.ers amxela sixaruli moutana da amismiuxedavad, bavSviviT Tavmdabali daSromismoyvare iyo. bednierebi viyaviT,1982 wels me, vitali, saSa da ramazi sab-WoTa kavSiris nakrebSi msoflios Cem-pionatze rom wagviyvanes da Tan yvelaniZiriTadSi vTamaSobdiT. Turme, ra bed-nierebi viyaviT, maSin afxazi, qarTvelida osi erTmaneTs ar varCevdiT, erTmaneTiZmebiviT gviyvarda... vitali marto ojaxski ar daaklda, Semdeg “dinamos” saqmeebicairia da mimaCnia, rom es legendaruligundi vitalis udrood wasvlam daaqcia... vaxtang qoriZe: _ oCamCireSi iyo

gazrdili, qarTuli kargad ar icodada erTxel mTxova _ “tuxa”, rusuladaRar damelaparako, qarTuls ase ufroviswavlio. cota xanSi ki ise kargadaiTvisa, intervius uproblemod iZleoda...

vaJkaci biWi iyo da pasuxis gacemacicoda. kievSi “dinamos” vxvdebodiT.ukrainelebs maRali da fizikuradZlieri mcveli, aleqsandr boiko hyavdaT,romelmac rezo CelebaZes fexi iseCascxo, kinaRam mokla. vitali gamwardada TamaSi rom damTavrda, gasaxdeliskenmimavals miTxra _ es unda vcemoTo damivarda. aba, me ganze xom ar davdgebodi?iq ambavi atyda, deda Svils ar aiyvandaxelSi da boiko ise vcemeT, mere sulbatonobiT gvelaparakeboda.qristina daraselia, vitali

daraselias Svili: _ simarTle giTxraT,ar vici, cifri 13 ratom uyvarda. arada,dedasTan qorwili 13 noembers gadaixada,"dinamoSi" Tavidan 13 nomriT TamaSobda,sabWoTa nakrebSic 13-nomriani maisuramisces da 13 maiss saqarTvelos rasixarulic mianiWa, yvelam iciT. Turme,sul ambobda, CemTvis bednieri cifriao...

samwuxarod, monaTluli ar iyo. magramvici, rom komunistebis drosac ki ekle-siaSi sistematurad dadioda da sanTelsanTebda. diuseldorfis finalis Semde-gac pirjvari gamoisaxa, rac maSin sakmaodsarisko iyo.

monaTvla afxazeTSi, iloris eklesi-aSi undoda, magram dro verafriT gamon-axa. orjer mRvdelTan SeTanxmebulicyofila, magram etyoba, sezoni iyo da ax-alkacma ver gauSva.

magram gardacvalebis Semdeg mona-Tles. sionSi ilia II imyofeboda daneba darTo, micvalebuli moenaTlaT.

afxazeTSi wasvla da saflavis mon-axuleba bevrjer msurda, vici, Casvlisproblemac araa. magram sul raRac maC-erebda. Cemi Zma, vitali ki ramdenjermeiyo...

did pirovnebebs gadamwyveti wami gamoaCens xolme

saxalxo moZraoba “samegrelos” xelSewyobiT, qarTul enaze, gamovida didi rusi

publicistis, saqarTveloSi me-19 saukunis TvalsaCino sazogadoebrivi moRvawis vasil

veliCkos wigni “kavkasia”, romelic adre srulad daibeWda Cvens gazeTSi.

winasityvaobis avtorebi da Semdgenelebi arian roland jalaRania da nugzar gogua.

TbilisSi wignis realizacia moxdeba yovel oTxSabaT dRes, dilis 9 saaTze, baqraZis q.#6-

Si (didube), an, yoveldRe, metro “marjaniSvilis” amosasvlelSi, gazeTebis gamyidvel paatasTan.

cnobisaTvis darekeT _ 557.324.374

gamovida Jurnal “aia”-s

momdevno nomeri (#18), romlis

mTavari redaqtoria batoni

giorgi siWinava.

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zugdidSi, foTSi, xobSi,

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Si Jurnalis SeZena SegiZliaT

saxalxo moZraoba “samegre-

los” warmomadgenlobaSi.

Jurnalis fasia 4 lari.

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