documents.tips slaid bantuan mengajar melawan kebakaran tahap 1

PERINGKAT ASAS TAHAP SATU

Disediakan oleh :Jawatankuasa Teknikal KebangsaanKadet Pertahanan Awam Malaysia

(KAPA)Tahun 2008

JABATAN PERTAHANAN AWAM MALAYSIA

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1. PENGENALAN APA YANG ANDA FAHAM TENTANG “API”? BAGAIMANA API TERJADI DAN MEREBAK?

MELAWAN KEBAKARAN

Jabatan Pertahanan Awam Malaysia

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Kebakaran merupakan satu tragedi yang boleh dielakkan sekiranya individu mengambil langkah untuk mengatasinya.

Kebakaran menyebabkan kerugian: Harta benda Nyawa

MELAWAN KEBAKARAN


2. PUNCA KEBAKARAN2.1 Faktor kemanusiaan Merokok Kanak-kanak Kerja-kerja kimpalan atau pemotongan Kianat2.2 Faktor kemalangan atau tidak sengaja Kerosakan elektrik Alatan terlalu panas Kemalangan2.3 Berlaku dengan sendiri Geseran Cuaca terlalu panas Petir

MELAWAN KEBAKARAN


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3. SEGITIGA KEBAKARANMELAWAN KEBAKARAN


a. BAHAN API Gas atau wap mudah terbakar. Contohnya

seperti kayu, batu, gas, minyak, kertas dan sebagainya.

Bertindak apabila dipanaskan dan mula membakar apabila mencapai takat sambaran (satu suhu yang boleh menyebabkan berlakunya kebakaran).

MELAWAN KEBAKARAN


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b. OKSIGEN Terdapat dalam udara.

Sangat membantu proses pembakaran di mana peratusan yang diperlukan antara 16% hingga 21%.

Kebakaran lebih cepat merebak apabila dibantu oleh haba yang tinggi.

MELAWAN KEBAKARAN


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c. HABA Sejenis tenaga yang boleh membantu proses

pembakaran – suhu akan meningkat.

Peningkatan haba menyebabkan wap atau gas mudah terbakar dapat dibebaskan agar api terus merebak.

MELAWAN KEBAKARAN


KELAS API KEBAKARAN ALAT/MEDIA PEMADAM YANG SESUAIKelas “A” Kayu

KertasKain, sampah sarap dll

i) Jenis airii) Jenis debu keringiii) Menggunakan air secara semburan

Kelas “B” MinyakCat Varnish, plastik dll

i) Jenis buihii) Jenis debu keringiii) Jenis gas atau air secara semburan

Kelas “C” Gas ButanaGas PropanaGas AcetyieneGas HidrogenGas Ammonia

i) Jenis debu keringii) Jenis karbon dioksidaiii) Jenis gas

Kelas “D” Logam PotessiumLogam SodiumLogam CalciumLogam Magnesium

i) Debu graphiteii) Soda ashiii) Pasir keringiv) Jenis debu kering Tenery Eutectic Chloride

(T.E.C.)

4. KELAS-KELAS APIMELAWAN KEBAKARAN


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