SULIT 4551 Biologi 2011 2 jam

Nama...................................................... Tingkatan.....................

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SMK PUTERI TITIWANGSA________________________________________________________________

PEPERIKSAAN AKHIR TAHUN 2011 TINGKATAN EMPAT BIOLOGI Kertas 3Satu jam tiga puluh minit

JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAN INI SEHINGGA DIBERITAHU1. ini 2. adalah dalam Inggeris. Kertas soalan Bahasa

diagrams, tables, graph and other suitable methods to explain your answer. 4. Show your working, it may help you to get marks. 5. If you wish to cancel any answer, neatly cross out the answer. 6. The diagrams in the questions are not drawn to scale unless stated. 7. Marks allocated for each question or part question are shown in brackets 8. The time suggested to complete Question 1 is 45 minutes and Question 2 is 45 minutes 9. You may use a non-

Calon dikehendaki membaca maklumat di bawah.INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES 1. This question paper consists of two questions. Answer all the questions. 2. Write your answers for Question 1 in the spaces provided in the question paper 3. Write your answers for Question 2 on the lined pages at the end of the question paper in detail. You may use equations,

programmable scientific calculator 10. Hand in this question paper at the end of the examination.Marks awarded: Score 3 2 1 0 Description Excellent: The best response Satisfactory: An average response Week: An inaccurate response No response or wrong response

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Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 6 halaman 4551

bercetak. [Lihat sebelah

SULIT Answer all questions. Question 1

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Hydrogen peroxide is a chemical that bubbles when it reacts with a catalase enzyme. Catalase enzyme is an antioxidant enzyme in living cells. Hydrogen peroxide is converted into water and oxygen by the catalase enzyme 2H2O2 2H2O + O2

An experiment is carried out to investigate the effect of pH on catalase enzyme in potatoes. Bubbling of gases is used to indicate that a reaction is occurring. The rate of reaction is determined by measuring the volume of bubbles produced in a unit time. The experiment is conducted as followed: Three measuring cylinders, P, Q and R are filled with 3.0 cm3 of hydrogen peroxide. 6.0 cm3 of 0.1% hydrochloric acid is added to P, 6.0 cm 3 of distilled water is added to Q and 6.0 cm3 of 0.1% sodium hydroxide is added to R. pH paper is used to measure the pH value of each tube. The potato is cut into three cubes, with the size of 1.0 cm3 each. One potato cube is added into each measuring cylinder. The volume of bubbles produced in each measuring cylinder is observed after 5 minutes and recorded. The results are shown in Diagram 1.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

cm3 25

Volume of bubbles =

cm3 25

Volume of bubbles =

cm3 25

Volume of bubbles =

20

20 20

15

3.0 cm3 hydrogen

15

3.0 cm3 3.0 cm3 15 hydrogen P pH 2

10

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5

peroxide hydrogen + peroxide 6.0 cm3 + 0.1% 6.0 cm3 hydrochloric distilled

acid water +5

Q pH 7 DIAGRAM 1

10

5

+ 1.0 cm3 10 1.0 cm3 potato potato R pH 10

peroxide + 6.0 cm3 0.1% sodium hydroxide + 1.0 cm3 potato

SULIT

SULIT (a) List all materials and apparatus used in this experiment. Materials Apparatus

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1(a) [3 marks] (b) Record the volume of bubbles formed in each measuring cylinder after 5 minutes in Diagram 1. [3 marks] (i) State two observations made on Diagram 1. Observation 1 . . Observation 2 . . [3 marks] (ii) State the inference for each observation made in (b) (i). Inference for observation 1 . . Inference for observation 2 . . [3 marks] 4551 1(c)(i) 1(b)

(c)

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SULIT (d) (i) Construct a table and record all the data collected in the experiment based on the following criteria: pH value Volume of bubbles formed Rate of reaction (cm3 minute-1)

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1(d)(i) [6 marks] (ii) Explain the relationship between the test tube content and the volume of bubbles formed in Q. . . . [3 marks] (e) (i) State the variables and explain how the variables are operated. Variables Manipulated variable Responding variable Fixed variables [3 marks] 4551 SULIT 1(e)(i) How the variables are operated 1(d)(ii)

SULIT (ii) State the hypothesis of the experiment. . . [3 marks] (f) State the relationship between volume of bubbles formed and time in a medium of pH 7. . . . [3 marks] (g) Based on the experiment, what is enzyme? .... . . [3 marks] (h) The experiment is repeated by using 2 potato cubes sized 0.5 cm3 each. Predict the observation in measuring cylinder R. Explain your answer. . . . [3 marks]

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1(e)(ii)

1(f)

1(g)

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SULIT

SULIT Question 2

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Acorbic acid, or vitamin C, is found in fruits and green vegetables. Ascorbic acid is a reducing agent which decolourises the blue colour of DCPIP solution. The vitamin C in solutions will deteriorate when exposed to oxygen. Plan an experiment to determine the vitamin C content in orange, papaya and watermelon juices. Your experimental planning need to include the following aspects: Statement of identified problem Objective of study Variables Statement of hypothesis List of materials and apparatus Technique used Experimental procedures Presentation of data Conclusion

[17 marks]

DISEDIAKAN OLEH

DISEMAK DAN DISAHKAN OLEH

. (EN. CHEE KEN NEE) GURU BIOLOGY

. (PN. ROZIAH NGAH) KETUA PANITIA SAINS

END OF QUESTION PAPER 4551 SULIT

F4 BIOLOGY PAPER 3 Question 1 1 (a) [KB0602 - Classifying] Score 3

MARKING SCHEME

Criteria Able to categorise all the materials and apparatus used in the experiment correctly. Sample answer: Material Potato* Hydrogen peroxide* Hydrochloric acid Sodium hydroxide Distilled water pH paper Apparatus Knife Measuring cylinder* Stopwatch

2 1

Able to categorise any 4 materials and any 2 apparatus into correctly. (*compulsory) Able to categorise 2 materials (*) and 1 apparatus (*) correctly.

1 (b) [KB0603 - Measuring Using Number] Score Criteria Able to record all the volume of bubbles formed in each measuring cylinder 3 accurately with correct unit. Answer: P Q Q Volume of bubbles Volume of bubbles Volume of bubbles =0cm3 = 11.5 cm3 =0cm3 2 1 Able to record two readings (which include Q) accurately with correct unit. Able to record any one reading accurately with correct unit.

1 (c) (i) [KB0601 - Observation] Score Criteria 3 Able to state any two observations correctly according to the criteria: pH value test tube bubbles produce Sample answers: 1. At pH 7 in test tube R, volume of bubbles produced in 5 minutes time is 11.5 cm3. 2. At pH 2 in test tube P, volume of bubbles produced in 5 minutes time is 0 cm3. 3. At pH 10 in test tubes Q, volume of bubbles produced in 5 minutes time is 0 cm3.

MARKING SCHEME

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F4 BIOLOGY 2

MARKING SCHEME

Able to state any one observation correctly. or Able to state any two incomplete observations ( any 2 criteria) Sample answers: 1. pH affect the volume of bubbles formed. 2. The volume of bubbles formed depends on pH.

1

Able to state any one idea of observation (any 1 criterion) Sample answers: 1. Bubbles formed in neutral pH. 2. No bubbles in test tube P / Q. 3. Rate of enzyme reaction is higher at pH 7. 4. Bubbles are produced when potatoes react with hydrogen peroxide.

[KB0604 - Making inferences] Score 3 Criteria Able to make one logical inference for each observation based on the criteria: pH enzyme in potato react with H2O2 producing oxygen Sample answers: 1. Neutral medium is suitable for enzyme catalase in potato to react with hydrogen peroxide and produce oxygen. 2. Acidic / alkali medium is not suitable for enzyme catalase in potato to react and no oxygen is produced. 2 Able to make one logical inference for any one observation. or Able to make one logical and incomplete inference base on 2 criteria for each observation. Sample answers: 1. pH of the medium affects enzyme catalase in potato to react with hydrogen peroxide and produce oxygen. 2. Acid / alkali medium is not suitable for enzyme reaction. 3. Neutral medium is suitable for enzyme reaction. 1 Able to make an idea of inference with one criterion. Sample answers: 1. Reaction of enzyme is affected by pH. 2. Gas produced when the medium is suitable for enzyme reaction.

1 (c) (ii)

MARKING SCHEME

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F4 BIOLOGY 1 (d) (i) [KB0606 - Communicating] Score 3

MARKING SCHEME

Criteria Able to tabulate a table and fill in data accurately base on three criteria: pH value Volume of bubbles formed (cm3) Rate of reaction (cm3 minute-1) Sample answers: pH value 2 7 10 Volume of bubbles formed (cm3) 0 11.5 0 Rate of reaction (cm3 minute-1) 0 2.3 0

2 1

Able to tabulate a table base on two criteria. Able to Able to tabulate a table base on one criterion.

1 (d) (ii) [KB0607 - Interpreting Data] Score 3 Criteria Able to explain clearly and accurately the relationship between the test tube content and the volume of bubbles formed in Q, base on 3 criteria. Test tube content Volume of bubbles formed Explanation: Relationship between pH value / medium and the rate of reaction. Sample answer: 1. The content of test tube Q is hydrogen peroxide, distilled water and potato cube, at pH 7 / neutral the rate of reaction is the highest / optimum pH for enzyme reaction which produces highest volume of bubbles / 11.5 cm3. 2 Able to state / explain clearly but less accurate the relationship base on 2 criteria. Sample answers: 1. The content of test tube Q is hydrogen peroxide, distilled water and potato cube, which produces highest volume of bubbles / 11.5 cm3. 2. The content of test tube Q is hydrogen peroxide, distilled water and potato cube, at pH 7 / neutral the rate of reaction is the highest / optimum pH for enzyme reaction. 3. At pH 7 / neutral the rate of reaction is the highest / optimum pH for enzyme reaction which produces highest volume of bubbles / 11.5 cm3. 1 Able to state the idea of the relationship base on 2 criterion Sample answer: 1. At pH 7 / neutral the rate of reaction is the highest / optimum pH for enzyme reaction. 2. Test tube with hydrogen peroxide, distilled water and potato cube, produced bubbles. 3. The volume of bubbles in pH 7 / neutral is 11.5 cm3.

MARKING SCHEME

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F4 BIOLOGY 1 (e) (i) [KB061001 - Controling Variables] Score 3

MARKING SCHEME

Criteria Able to state all the variables and the method to handle the variables correctly. Sample answers: Variables Manipulated variable: pH (value of mediums) // acidic, neutral and alkaline mediums Responding variable: Volume of bubbles formed // The rate of reaction / (catalase) enzyme action Fixed variable: Volume / concentration of solutions / H2O2 / acid / alkali / distilled water / potato cube Method to handle the variables Three mediums of different pH are used // Hydrochloric acid, distilled water and sodium hydroxide solutions are used. Observe / measure and record the volume of bubble formed (in 5 minutes) by using a measuring cylinder (and a stopwatch) // Calculate the rate of reaction by dividing the volume of bubble formed with time in cm3 minute-1 / using formula (show the formula) Use 3.0 cm3 of H2O2 for all experiment // Use 6.0 cm3 of acid, alkali and distilled water // Put 1 potato cube with size of 1.0 cm3 each for all experiment

2 1

Able to state 4 - 5 of the variables and the method to handle the variables correctly. Able to state 1 - 3 of the variables and the method to handle the variables correctly.

1 (e) (ii) [KB0611 - Making Hypothesis] Score 3 Criteria Able to state a hypothesis to show a relationship between the manipulated variable and responding variable and the hypothesis can be validated, base on 3 criteria: Manipulated variable Responding variable Relationship Sample answers: 1. In neutral medium / pH 7 the reaction between the potato enzyme and H O 2 2 produces the highest volume of bubbles / the highest rate of reaction. 2. In acidic / alkali medium / pH 2 / pH 10 the potato enzyme will not react with H 2O2 producing no bubbles. 2 Able to state less accurate hypothesis to show a relationship between manipulated variable and responding variable base on 2 criteria. Sample answers: 1. The pH affects the reaction of potato enzyme with H2O2 producing bubbles. 2. The bubbles produce by potatos enzyme reaction depends on different pH. 1 Able to state idea of hypothesis to show a relationship between manipulated variable and responding variable base on 1 criterion.

MARKING SCHEME

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F4 BIOLOGY Sample answers: 1. pH medium affect the reaction. 2. Suitable pH causes the production of bubbles. 1 (f) [KB0608 - Space and Time Relationship] Score 3

MARKING SCHEME

Criteria Able to state clearly and accurately the relationship between the volume of bubbles formed and the time in a medium of pH 7 base on criteria: Volume of bubbles formed Time Relationship Sample answers: 1. In a medium of pH 7, the volume of bubbles formed in 5 minutes is 11.5 cm3.

2

Able to state clearly but less accurate the relationship between the volume of bubbles formed and the time in a medium of pH 7 base on 2 criteria. Sample answers: 1. In a medium of pH 7, the rate of reaction is 2.3 cm3 minute-1.

1

Able to state the idea of the relationship base on 2 criteria. Sample answer: 1. Bubbles are formed in 5 minutes.

1 (g) [KB0609 - Define Operationally] Score Criteria Able to state what an enzyme is base on experiment correctly according to the 3 criteria: Chemical / substance / molecule / enzyme in potato React with H2O2 which produce bubbles Affected by pH Sample answer: 1. Enzyme is a chemical in potato that able to react with H 2O2 producing bubbles and the reaction is affected by pH of the medium. 2. Enzyme in potato react with H2O2 producing bubbles and affected by pH. 2 Able to state what an enzyme is base on experiment less accurately according to 2 criteria. Sample answers: 1. Enzyme react with H2O2 producing bubbles. 1 Able to state the idea of an enzyme or the theoretical definition of enzyme. Sample answers: 1. Enzyme reacts with H2O2. 2. Enzyme in potato reacts to produce bubbles. 3. Enzyme is a biological catalyses that accelerate the reaction.

MARKING SCHEME

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F4 BIOLOGY 1 (h) [KB0605 - Predicting] Score 3

MARKING SCHEME

Criteria Able to predict and explain the observation accurately when 2 potato cubes 0.5 cm3 is used in measuring cylinder P. Expected observation Compare to which Reason Sample answer: 1. The volume of bubbles produce is 23 cm 3 (any value between 11,5 - 23 cm 3), more than the experiment when using 1 potato cube (sized 1 cm3), because more enzyme for the reaction / larger surface area of potato (in contact with H2O2).

2

Able to predict the result less accurately (2 criteria). Sample answers: 1. The volume of bubbles produce is 23 cm 3 (any value between 11,5 - 23 cm 3), more than the experiment when using 1 potato cube (sized 1 cm3). 2. The volume of bubbles produce is more than the experiment when using 1 potato cube (sized 1 cm 3), because more enzyme for the reaction / rate of reaction is higher.

1

Able to give idea of the result. Sample answers: 1. The volume of bubbles produce is 23 cm3. 2. The rate of reaction is higher.

MARKING SCHEME

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F4 BIOLOGY Question 2 Problem Statement Score 3

MARKING SCHEME

Criteria Able to state the problem statement of the experiment correctly that include criteria: Manipulate variables Responding variables Relation in question form and question symbol [?] Sample answers: 1. Does orange juice contain higher amount / more vitamin C than papaya and watermelon juices. 2. Which fruit juice has the highest amount of vitamin C? 3. What is the amount of vitamin C in orange, papaya and watermelon juices?

2

Able to state the problem statement of the experiment with two criteria. Sample answers: 1. Do different fruit juices have different amount of vitamin C? 2. Does the content of vitamin C in fruit juices differ?

1

Able to state the of problem statement with one criteria. Sample answers: 1. What is the amount of vitamin C in orange juice?

Aim Score

Criteria To determine the concentration / percentage of vitamin C in orange, papaya and watermelon juices.

Hypothesis Score 3 Criteria Able to state the hypothesis correctly according to the criteria: Manipulate variables Responding variables Relationship of the variables Sample answers: 1. Orange juice has the highest concentration papaya and watermelon juices.

/ percentage of vitamin C than

MARKING SCHEME

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F4 BIOLOGY 2 Able to state the hypothesis with two criteria Sample answers: 1. The vitamin C content depends on types of fruit juice. 2. Different fruit juices have different amount of vitamin C 1 Able to state the idea of the hypothesis. Sample answers: 1. Fruit juices have vitamin C.

MARKING SCHEME

Variables Score

Criteria Able to state the three variables correctly Sample answers: Manipulated variable: Fruit juices // orange, papaya and watermelon juices Responding variable: Concentration / percentage of vitamin C Fixed variable: Volume DCPIP solution // Concentration of ascorbic acid.

Materials and Apparatus Score 3 Criteria Able to state all functional materials and apparatus / 2*materials + 1 other material and 1*apparatus + 2 other apparatus for the experiment. Materials: *Orange, papaya and watermelon juices, 0.1% ascorbic acid solution, *DCPIP solution. Apparatus: *Syringes with needles, beakers, test tubes / specimen tubes, gauze / muslin cloth. Able to state 2*materials and 1*apparatus + 1 other apparatus for the experiment. Able to state 2*material and 1*apparatus for the experiment.

2

1

Technique Score

Bonus 1m

Criteria Able to state the action on responding variable with an apparatus / formula. Sample answer: Calculating and recording the concentration / percentage of vitamin C in fruit juices by using the following formula. Concentration of Vitamin C = Volume of 0.1% ascorbic acid mg cm3 Volume of fruit juice Or / Percentage of Vitamin C = Volume of 0.1% ascorbic acid x 0.1 % Volume of fruit juice

MARKING SCHEME

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F4 BIOLOGY Procedure Score 3 Criteria Able to state five procedures P1, P2, P3, P4 and P5 correctly. P1 : How to Set Up The Apparatus (3P1) P2 : How to Keep Constant The Control Variable (2P2) P3 : How to Manipulate The Manipulated Variable (1P3) P4: How to Record The Responding Variable (1P4) P5 : Precaution (1P5)

MARKING SCHEME

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Able to state three of any procedures P1, P2, P3, P4 and P5 correctly Able to state two of any procedures P1, P2, P3, P4 and P5 correctly

1

Example of Procedure: 1. Measure (1 cm3) of DCPIP by using a syringe and place in a test tube. (1 cm3) 2. Fill a 5 cm3 syringe with (0.1%) ascorbic acid. (0.1%) 3. Place the needle of syringe into the DCPIP solution. 4. Add the acid ascorbic solution, drop by drop into the DCPIP solution. 5. Stir the mixture gently with the needle of the syringe. 6. Add the acid ascorbic solution continuously until the DCPIP solution decolourise. 7. Record the volume of acid ascorbic used. 8. Repeat steps 1 to 7 by using orange juice, papaya juice and watermelon juice. 9. Record the results in a table. Data Score P1 P2 P1 P2 P5 P1 P5 P5 P1 P4 P3 P4

Bonus 1m

Criteria Able to tabulate the correct table with observations. Sample answers: Solution / Fruit juice 0.1% ascorbic acid Orange juice Papaya juice Watermelon Juice Volume of solution / fruit juice needed to decolourise 1 cm3 DCPIP solution (cm3) Concentration / Percentage of vitamin C in fruit juice (mg cm3) / %

Conclusion Score

Criteria Able to rewrite the hypothesis correctly. Sample answers: Orange juice has the highest concentration / percentage of vitamin C than papaya and watermelon juices. (Hypothesis is accepted).

MARKING SCHEME

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F4 BIOLOGY

MARKING SCHEME

the Score 3

Experiment Criteria Able to plan the experiment based on 7 - 9 ( ) of the following criteria: Statement of identified problem Objective of study Variables Statement of hypothesis List of materials and apparatus Technique used Experimental procedures Presentation of data Conclusion

Planning

the experiment based on 4 - 6 ( ) of the criteria. 1 Able to plan the experiment based on 1 - 3 ( ) of the criteria.

2 Able to plan

END OF MARKING SCHEME MARKING SCHEME 4551