akarpersamaankuadrat(latihan r)

7/26/2019 akarpersamaankuadrat(latihan r)

1/39

> akarpersamaankuadrat akarpersamaankuadrat akarpersamaankuadrat(1,-&,')

x1 x2

1, * 2

ersion *12 (2.1-1.-*1) -- /0umpkin e%met/

op3ri4$t () 2.1 5$e 6oundation for 7tatistica% omputin4

0%atform8 x9':'-;'-min4;*2"x' ('-bit)

is free soft;are and comes ;it$ 7?@5A?B C DC5B

Bou are ;e%come to redistribute it under certain conditions

53pe E%icense()E or E%icence()E for distribution detai%s

is a co%%aboratie proFect ;it$ man3 contributors

53pe Econtributors()E for more information and

Ecitation()E on $o; to cite or packa4es in pub%ications

53pe Edemo()E for some demos, E$e%p()E for on-%ine $e%p, or

E$e%pstart()E for an 5G? bro;ser interface to $e%p

53pe Eq()E to quit


2/39

0reious%3 saed ;orkspace restored

> akarpersamaankuadrat akarpersamaankuadrat akarpersamaankuadrat(1,-&,')

x1 x2

1, * 2

> da> akarpersamaankuadrat akarpersamaankuadrat > akarpersamaankuadratE in />/

> + x1=(-b+sqrt(b^2-!a!c))"2!a

Arror8 obFect EbE not found

> + x2=(-b-sqrt(b^2-!a!c))"2!a

Arror8 obFect EbE not found

> + $asi%=cbind(x1,x2)

Arror in cbind(x1, x2) 8 obFect Ex1E not found

> + print($asi%)#

Arror8 unexpected E#E in /+ print($asi%)#/


3/39

> > akarpersamaankuadrat(1,-&,')

Arror8 unexpected E>E in />/

> x1 x2

Arror8 unexpected s3mbo% in / x1 x2/

> 1, * 2

> data arian arian(data)

1 22&*999e-*1

> inersperka%ianmatriks


4/39

+ perka%ian=x J!J 3

Arror8 unexpected E!E in8

/inersperka%ianmatriks inerperka%ianmatriks b=c(2,*,)

> matrik1=matrix(a,1,*)

> matrik2=matrix(b,*,1)

> perka%ian=matrik1 J!J matrik2


5/39

Arror8 unexpected E!E in /perka%ian=matrik1 J!/

> perka%ian=matrix(matrik1 J!J matrik2)

Arror8 unexpected E!E in /perka%ian=matrix(matrik1 J!/

> matrik1 J!J matrik2

Arror8 unexpected E!E in /matrik1 J!/

> perka%ianmatrik perka%ian= matrik1J ! Jmatrik2

Arror8 unexpected E!E in /perka%ian= matrik1J !/

> perka%ian=matrik1!matrik2

Arror in matrik1 ! matrik2 8 non-conformab%e arra3s

> matrik1

,1 ,2 ,*

1, 1 2 *

> matrik2

,1

1, 2

2, *

*,

> matrik1J ! Jmatrik2

Arror8 unexpected E!E in /matrik1J !/

> matrik1 J!J matrik2

Arror8 unexpected E!E in /matrik1 J!/

> matrik1 ! matrik2

Arror in matrik1 ! matrik2 8 non-conformab%e arra3s

> perka%ian=matrik1K!Kmatrik2

> perka%ian

,1


6/39

1, 2.

> inersperka%ianmatrik x=c(1,2,,*,&,2,1,1)

> 3=c(1,*,*,1,2,1,1,2)

> inersperka%ianmatrik(x,3)

,1 ,2

1, .12I119 -.1&2I12

2, -.211H'H .*11H'&

> x

1 1 2 * & 2 1 1

> matrix(x,2,)

,1 ,2 ,* ,

1, 1 & 1

2, 2 * 2 1

> x=c(1,&,2,2,,1,*,1)

> 3=c(1,*,2,1,*,1,1,2)

> inersperka%ianmatrik(x,3)

,1 ,2

1, .1******* -.1.

2, -..I****** .12

> da> x=c(1,&,2,2,,1,*,1)

Arror in da > x = c(1, &, 2, 2, , 1, *, 1) 8 obFect EdaE not found

> > 3=c(1,*,2,1,*,1,1,2)


7/39


> > inersperka%ianmatrik(x,3)


> ,1 ,2

Arror8 unexpected EE in / /

> 1, .1******* -.1.

Arror8 unexpected EE in //

> 2, -..I****** .12


> datamatrix=matrix(rnorm(1..,&,*),nco%=&)

> datamatrix

,1 ,2 ,* , ,&

1, 1.2HI1*. &I12912 H..9'*&99 H..22. 292I2*

2, '*'9H9'' I'H'H9 &92''.11 &9.II22 1H991.91

*, .IH**21 '1'H'9 &''92*H. *91I.H1 1'2.1.

, *&I*99H& 2'2H.I& H92&&9'.. IH9.19 'H9**.2I

&, 9**2& .'*99 *'.1I'9*2 .I.1'* &****&1.

', 'H'&2 *I*2** 9.9..H&H &21H2H 2H'I.&

H, I&I'91' 91&H.11 91III. *.1I9 &IH*'''H

9, -21HHI22 ''&1 2IH2&IH.& 1.'*1&9 *&1IH2'

I, -2H2HH19& *&91191 9H.1.'&& *&H*2& *H'HH*'

1., &*I99&* 22&.&9. &1I9HI1' *199*1 9I..*I

11, &*12.9I' 1*IIH22 '12I*.9 II*9I1 &2I'.&

12, 19&&&1H 1I1H'HI *&122H1 H1...2H I.9*II*9

1*, 299&H& *H*2& &*&I2&& 'H9''H* &*HH2H

1, .*29&.1& 99'I&& 29&'''*&' H*2H1.I *2.9I'

1&, I'1HH1.2 '&H*I -..H1''1H .'2.2 .*.&9&2H

1', ..I.9I* I'19. *'*2'2.' '111'. 2'&*'1*


8/39

1H, .12'H1 '1*&2*' *92H29' 2'*.9* 1*'2H'

19, **H1.1** *22299 *H*H9HH* 92II1 1*&*22'&

1I, &1&19H& 1.9I.'' *H9*..& 1.'1*I' .I1.&91H

2., H9**I&'1 1'2121* H.H*.122 2HH9HI 1*19I2I&

> rataratabaris tes


9/39

> ratarata app%3(datamatrix,1,ratarata)

1 'I2I*2

1 '9.2&'

1 '&1IHI9

1 HI2I&I1

1 &&*1119

1 &&9H'I1

1 HH2'''2

1 *I'HH1

1 &9*1&

1 '.1'&&

1 *.2H.1'

1 *29121&

1 9*2'2I

1 2II'I

1 *92HHH9

1 H291H2

1 '.19&9

1 '*2*H

1 2H&2*1&

1 1&H&2

1 'I2I*2 '9.2&' '&1IHI9 HI2I&I1 &&*1119 &&9H'I1 HH2'''2*I'HH1.


10/39

I &9*1& '.1'&& *.2H.1' *29121& 9*2'2I. 2II'I. *92HHH9

H291H2

1H '.19&9 '*2*H 2H&2*1& 1&H&2

> mean(1.2HI1*.,&I12912,H..9'*&99,H..22.,292I2*)1 1.2HI1

> b


11/39

1, . .

2, . .

*, . .

, . .

&, . .

', . .

H, . .

9, . .

I, . .

1., . .

11, . .

12, . .

1*, . .

1, . .

1&, . .

1', . .

1H, . .

19, . .

1I, . .

2., . .

21, . .

22, . .

2*, . .

2, . .

2&, . .

2', . .

2H, . .

29, . .


12/39

2I, . .

*., . .

*1, . .

*2, . .

**, . .

*, . .

*&, . .

*', . .

*H, . .

*9, . .

*I, . .

., . .

1, . .

2, . .

*, . .

, . .

&, . .

', . .

H, . .

9, . .

I, . .

&., . .

&1, . .

&2, . .

&*, . .

&, . .

&&, . .

&', . .


13/39

&H, . .

&9, . .

&I, . .

'., . .

'1, . .

'2, . .

'*, . .

', . .

'&, . .

'', . .

'H, . .

'9, . .

'I, . .

H., . .

H1, . .

H2, . .

H*, . .

H, . .

H&, . .

H', . .

HH, . .

H9, . .

HI, . .

9., . .

91, . .

92, . .

9*, . .

9, . .


14/39

9&, . .

9', . .

9H, . .

99, . .

9I, . .

I., . .

I1, . .

I2, . .

I*, . .

I, . .

I&, . .

I', . .

IH, . .

I9, . .

II, . .

1.., . .

> n m for (i in 18n){

+ datamatrix


15/39

Arror in M datamatrix=matrix(rnorm(1..,&,*),nco%=&)

> for (i in seq(datamatrix1,){

Arror8 unexpected E{E in /for (i in seq(datamatrix1,){/


> for (i in seq(datamatrix1,)

+ {

Arror8 unexpected E{E in8

/for (i in seq(datamatrix1,)

{/


> for (i in seq(datamatrix1,)

+ rata=sum(i)"%en4t$(i)

Arror8 unexpected s3mbo% in8

/for (i in seq(datamatrix1,)

rata/


> for (i in seq(datamatrix1,)){


+ print(i)#

1 1

1 2

1 *

1

1 &


> for (i in seq(datamatrix1,)){



16/39

+ print(rata)#

1 1

1 2

1 *

1

1 &


> for (i in seq(a%on4(datamatrix1,))){

+ rata=sum(datamatrixi)"%en4t$(i)

+ print(rata)#

Arror in seq(a%on4(datamatrix1, )) 8 cou%d not Lnd function /a%on4/


> n for (i in seq(a%on4(n)){

Arror8 unexpected E{E in /for (i in seq(a%on4(n)){/

> for (i in seq(a%on4(n))){

+ rata=sum(ni)"%en4t$(n)

+ print(rata)#

Arror in seq(a%on4(n)) 8 cou%d not Lnd function /a%on4/

> for (i in seq:a%on4=n){

Arror8 unexpected E=E in /for (i in seq:a%on4=/


> n ratabaris


17/39

rata=sum(n)"%en4t$(n)

print(rata)#

> ratabaris(datamatrix)

1 &11'2

> ratabaris


18/39

>

> Nectors 21

Arror8 unexpected numeric constant in /Nectors 21/

>

> ectorEs a%ues can be numbers, strin4s, %o4ica% a%ues, or an3 ot$er t3pe, as

%on4 as t$e3Ere a%% t$e same t3pe 5r3 creatin4 a ector of numbers, %ike t$is8

Arror8 unexpected s3mbo% in / ector/

>

> edoomp%ete

Arror8 obFect Eedoomp%eteE not found

> > c(, H, I)


> 1 H I


> 5$e c function (c is s$ort for ombine) creates a ne; ector b3 combinin4 a

%ist of a%ues

Arror8 unexpected s3mbo% in /5$e c/

>

> Co; tr3 creatin4 a ector ;it$ strin4s8

Arror8 unexpected s3mbo% in /Co; tr3/

>

> edoomp%ete


> > c(EaE, EbE, EcE)


> 1 /a/ /b/ /c/


> Nectors cannot $o%d a%ues ;it$ diPerent modes (t3pes) 5r3 mixin4 modes and

see ;$at $appens8


19/39

Arror8 unexpected s3mbo% in /Nectors cannot/

>

> edoomp%ete


> > c(1, 5@A, /t$ree/)


> 1 /1/ /5@A/ /t$ree/


> %% t$e a%ues ;ere conerted to a sin4%e mode (c$aracters) so t$at t$e ector

can $o%d t$em a%%

Arror8 unexpected s3mbo% in /%% t$e/

>

> 7equence Nectors 22

Arror8 unexpected s3mbo% in /7equence Nectors/

>

> Qf 3ou need a ector ;it$ a sequence of numbers 3ou can create it ;it$

start8end notation ?etEs make a ector ;it$ a%ues from & t$rou4$ I8

Arror8 unexpected s3mbo% in /Qf 3ou/

>

> edoomp%ete


> > &8I


> 1 & ' H 9 I


> more ersati%e ;a3 to make sequences is to ca%% t$e seq function ?etEs do

t$e same t$in4 ;it$ seq8

Arror8 unexpected s3mbo% in / more/

>


20/39

> edoomp%ete


> > seq(&, I)


> 1 & ' H 9 I


> seq a%so a%%o;s 3ou to use increments ot$er t$an 1 5r3 it ;it$ steps of .&8

Arror8 unexpected s3mbo% in /seq a%so/

>

> edoomp%ete


> > seq(&, I, .&)


> 1 &. && '. '& H. H& 9. 9& I.


> Co; tr3 makin4 a ector ;it$ inte4ers from I do;n to &8


>

> edoomp%ete


> > I8&


> 1 I 9 H ' &


> Nector ccess 2*

Arror8 unexpected s3mbo% in /Nector ccess/

>

> DeEre 4oin4 to create a ector ;it$ some strin4s in it for 3ou, and store it int$e sentence ariab%e


21/39

+

+ Bou can retriee an indiidua% a%ue ;it$in a ector b3 proidin4 its numeric

index in square brackets 5r3 4ettin4 t$e t$ird a%ue8

++ edoomp%ete

+ > sentence sentence > sentence*


> 1 /p%ank/


> Gan3 %an4ua4es start arra3 indices at ., but Es ector indices start at 1 Ret

t$e Lrst a%ue b3 t3pin48

Arror8 unexpected s3mbo% in /Gan3 %an4ua4es/

>

> edoomp%ete


> > sentence1


> 1 /;a%k/


> Bou can assi4n ne; a%ues ;it$in an existin4 ector 5r3 c$an4in4 t$e t$ird

;ord to /do4/8

Arror8 unexpected s3mbo% in /Bou can/

>

> edoomp%ete



22/39

> > sentence* E in />/

> Qf 3ou add ne; a%ues onto t$e end, t$e ector ;i%% 4ro; to accommodate

t$em ?etEs add a fourt$ ;ord8Arror8 unexpected s3mbo% in /Qf 3ou/

>

> edoomp%ete


> > sentence E in />/

> Bou can use a ector ;it$in t$e square brackets to access mu%tip%e a%ues 5r3

4ettin4 t$e Lrst and t$ird ;ords8


>

> edoomp%ete


> > sentencec(1, *)


> 1 /;a%k/ /do4/


> 5$is means 3ou can retriee ran4es of a%ues Ret t$e second t$rou4$ fourt$

;ords8

Arror8 unexpected s3mbo% in /5$is means/

>

> edoomp%ete


> > sentence28


> 1 /t$e/ /do4/ /to/


23/39


> Bou can a%so set ran4es of a%uesS Fust proide t$e a%ues in a ector dd

;ords & t$rou4$ H8

Arror8 unexpected s3mbo% in /Bou can/>

> edoomp%ete


> > sentence&8H E in />/

> Co; tr3 accessin4 t$e sixt$ ;ord of t$e sentence ector8


>

> edoomp%ete


> > sentence'


> 1 /poop/


> Nector Cames 2

Arror8 unexpected s3mbo% in /Nector Cames/

>

> 6or t$is c$a%%en4e, ;eE%% make a *-item ector for 3ou, and store it in t$e ranks

ariab%e

Arror8 unexpected s3mbo% in /6or t$is/

>

> Bou can assi4n names to a ectorEs e%ements b3 passin4 a second ector L%%ed

;it$ names to t$e names assi4nment function, %ike t$is8


>


24/39

> edoomp%ete


> > ranks E in />/

> > names(ranks) E in />/

> ssi4nin4 names for a ector can act as usefu% %abe%s for t$e data e%o;, 3ou

can see ;$at our ector %ooks %ike no;

Arror8 unexpected s3mbo% in /ssi4nin4 names/

>

> Bou can a%so use t$e names to access t$e ectorEs a%ues 5r3 4ettin4 t$e a%ue

for t$e /Lrst/ rank8


>

> edoomp%ete


> > ranks


> Lrst second t$ird

Arror8 unexpected s3mbo% in / Lrst second/

> 1 2 *

Arror8 unexpected numeric constant in / 1 2/

> > ranks/Lrst/


> Lrst

Arror8 obFect ELrstE not found

> 1

1 1


25/39

> Co; set t$e current a%ue for t$e /t$ird/ rank to a diPerent a%ue usin4 t$e

name rat$er t$an t$e position

Arror8 unexpected s3mbo% in /Co; set/

>> edoomp%ete


> > ranks/t$ird/ E in />/

> 0%ottin4 ne Nector 2&

Arror8 unexpected s3mbo% in /0%ottin4 ne/

>

> 5$e barp%ot function dra;s a bar c$art ;it$ a ectorEs a%ues DeE%% make a

ne; ector for 3ou, and store it in t$e esse%s7unk ariab%e

Arror8 unexpected s3mbo% in /5$e barp%ot/

>

> Co; tr3 passin4 t$e ector to t$e barp%ot function8


>

> edoomp%ete


> > esse%s7unk E in />/

> > barp%ot(esse%s7unk)


> .

1 .

> 1

1 1

> 2


26/39

1 2

> *

1 *

>

1

> &

1 &

> Qf 3ou assi4n names to t$e ectorEs a%ues, ;i%% use t$ose names as %abe%s on

t$e bar p%ot ?etEs use t$e names assi4nment function a4ain8


>

> edoomp%ete


> > names(esse%s7unk) E in />/

> Co;, if 3ou ca%% barp%ot ;it$ t$e ector a4ain, 3ouE%% see t$e %abe%s8

Arror8 unexpected E,E in /Co;,/

>

> edoomp%ete


> > barp%ot(esse%s7unk)


> An4%and

Arror8 obFect EAn4%andE not found

> 6rance

Arror8 obFect E6ranceE not found

> Cor;a3

Arror8 obFect ECor;a3E not found

> .


27/39

1 .

> 1

1 1

> 2

1 2

> *

1 *

>

1

> &

1 &

> Co;, tr3 ca%%in4 barp%ot on a ector of inte4ers ran4in4 from 1 t$rou4$ 1..8


>

> edoomp%ete


> > barp%ot(181..)


> .

1 .

> 2.

1 2.

> .

1 .

> '.

1 '.

> 9.

1 9.


28/39

> 1..

1 1..

> Nector Gat$ 2'

Arror8 unexpected s3mbo% in /Nector Gat$/

>

> Gost arit$metic operations ;ork Fust as ;e%% on ectors as t$e3 do on sin4%e

a%ues DeE%% make anot$er samp%e ector for 3ou to ;ork ;it$, and store it in t$e

a ariab%e

Arror8 unexpected s3mbo% in /Gost arit$metic/

>

> Qf 3ou add a sca%ar (a sin4%e a%ue) to a ector, t$e sca%ar ;i%% be added to eac$

a%ue in t$e ector, returnin4 a ne; ector ;it$ t$e resu%ts 5r3 addin4 1 to eac$

e%ement in our ector8


>

> edoomp%ete


> > a E in />/

> > a + 1


> 1 2 *


> 5$e same is true of diision, mu%tip%ication, or an3 ot$er basic arit$metic 5r3

diidin4 our ector b3 28

Arror8 unexpected s3mbo% in /5$e same/

>

> edoomp%ete


> > a " 2


29/39


> 1 .& 1. 1&


> Co; tr3 mu%tip%3in4 our ector b3 28


>

> edoomp%ete


> > a!2


> 1 2 '


> Qf 3ou add t;o ectors, ;i%% take eac$ a%ue from eac$ ector and add t$em

DeE%% make a second ector for 3ou to experiment ;it$, and store it in t$e b

ariab%e


>

> 5r3 addin4 it to t$e a ector8

Arror8 unexpected s3mbo% in /5r3 addin4/

>

> edoomp%ete


> > b


30/39


>

> edoomp%ete


> > a-b


> 1 -* -* -*


> Bou can a%so take t;o ectors and compare eac$ item 7ee ;$ic$ a%ues in t$e

a ector are equa% to t$ose in a second ector8


>

> edoomp%ete


> > a == c(1, II, *)


> 1 5@A 6?7A 5@A


> Cotice t$at didnEt test ;$et$er t$e ;$o%e ectors ;ere equa%S it c$ecked

eac$ a%ue in t$e a ector a4ainst t$e a%ue at t$e same index in our ne; ector

Arror8 unexpected s3mbo% in /Cotice t$at/

>

> $eck if eac$ a%ue in t$e a ector is %ess t$an t$e correspondin4 a%ue in

anot$er ector8

Arror8 unexpected EifE in /$eck if/

>

> edoomp%ete


> > a


31/39


> 1 6?7A 5@A 6?7A


> 6unctions t$at norma%%3 ;ork ;it$ sca%ars can operate on eac$ e%ement of aector, too 5r3 4ettin4 t$e sine of eac$ a%ue in our ector8

Arror8 unexpected s3mbo% in /6unctions t$at/

>

> edoomp%ete


> > sin(a)


> 1 .91H1. .I.I2IH .1112..


> Co; tr3 4ettin4 t$e square roots ;it$ sqrt8


>

> edoomp%ete


> > sqrt(a)


> 1 1...... 1121 1H*2.&1


> 7catter 0%ots 2H

Arror8 unexpected s3mbo% in /7catter 0%ots/

>

> 5$e p%ot function takes t;o ectors, one for T a%ues and one for B a%ues, and

dra;s a 4rap$ of t$em

Arror8 unexpected s3mbo% in /5$e p%ot/

>


32/39

> ?etEs dra; a 4rap$ s$o;in4 t$e re%ations$ip of numbers and t$eir sines

+

+ 6irst, ;eE%% need some samp%e data DeE%% create a ector for 3ou ;it$ some

fractiona% a%ues bet;een . and 2., and store it in t$e x ariab%eArror8 unexpected strin4 constant in8

/

6irst, ;eE/

>

> Co;, tr3 creatin4 a second ector ;it$ t$e sines of t$ose a%ues8


>

> edoomp%ete


> > x E in />/

> > 3 E in />/

> 5$en simp%3 ca%% p%ot ;it$ 3our t;o ectors8

Arror8 unexpected s3mbo% in /5$en simp%3/

>

> edoomp%ete


> > p%ot(x, 3)


> Rreat FobO Cotice on t$e 4rap$ t$at a%ues from t$e Lrst ar4ument (x) are used

for t$e $oriUonta% axis, and a%ues from t$e second (3) for t$e ertica%

Arror8 unexpected s3mbo% in /Rreat Fob/

>

> &


33/39

1 &

> 1.

1 1.

> 1&

1 1&

> 2.

1 2.

> -1.

1 -1

> -.&

1 -.&

> ..

1 .

> .&

1 .&

> 1.

1 1

> x

1 1 & 2 2 1 * 1

> 3

1 1 * 2 1 * 1 1 2

> Bour turn DeE%% create a ector ;it$ some ne4atie and positie a%ues for 3ou,and store it in t$e a%ues ariab%e

Arror8 unexpected s3mbo% in /Bour turn/

>

> DeE%% a%so create a second ector ;it$ t$e abso%ute a%ues of t$e Lrst, and

store it in t$e abso%utes ariab%e

+


34/39

+ 5r3 p%ottin4 t$e ectors, ;it$ a%ues on t$e $oriUonta% axis, and abso%utes on

t$e ertica% axis

+

+ edoomp%ete+ > a%ues abso%utes p%ot(a%ues, abso%utes)

+ -1.

+ -&

+ .

+ &

+ 1.

+ .

+ 2

+

+ '

+ 9

+ 1.

+ a%ues

+ abso%utes

+ C Na%ues 29

+

+ 7ometimes, ;$en ;orkin4 ;it$ samp%e data, a 4ien a%ue isnEt aai%ab%e ut

itEs not a 4ood idea to Fust t$ro; t$ose a%ues out $as a a%ue t$at exp%icit%3

indicates a samp%e ;as not aai%ab%e8 C Gan3 functions t$at ;ork ;it$ ectors

treat t$is a%ue specia%%3

Arror8 unexpected strin4 constant in8

/

7ometimes, ;$en ;orkin4 ;it$ samp%e data, a 4ien a%ue isnE/

>


35/39

> DeE%% create a ector for 3ou ;it$ a missin4 samp%e, and store it in t$e a

ariab%e

+

+ 5r3 to 4et t$e sum of its a%ues, and see ;$at t$e resu%t is8+

+ edoomp%ete

+ > a sum(a)

+ 1 C

+ 5$e sum is considered /not aai%ab%e/ b3 defau%t because one of t$e ectorEs

a%ues ;as C 5$is is t$e responsib%e t$in4 to doS ;onEt Fust b%it$e%3 add up

t$e numbers ;it$out ;arnin4 3ou about t$e incomp%ete data De can exp%icit%3

te%% sum (and man3 ot$er functions) to remoe C a%ues before t$e3 do t$eir

ca%cu%ations, $o;eer

Arror8 unexpected strin4 constant in8

/1 C

5$e sum is considered /not aai%ab%e/ b3 defau%t because one of t$e ectorE/

>

> emember t$at command to brin4 up $e%p for a functionV rin4 up

documentation for t$e sum function8

Arror8 unexpected s3mbo% in /emember t$at/

>

> edoomp%ete


> > $e%p(sum)


> sum packa4e8base Wocumentation

Arror8 unexpected s3mbo% in /sum packa4e/

>

> 7um of Nector A%ements

Arror8 unexpected s3mbo% in /7um of/


36/39

>

> Wescription8

+ EsumE returns t$e sum of a%% t$e a%ues present in its ar4uments

Arror8 unexpected s3mbo% in8

/Wescription8

EsumE returns/

>

> @sa4e8

+ sum(, narm = 6?7A)

Arror8 obFect E@sa4eE not found

>

Arror8 EE used in an incorrect context

> s 3ou see in t$e documentation, sum can take an optiona% named ar4ument,

narm QtEs set to 6?7A b3 defau%t, but if 3ou set it to 5@A, a%% C ar4uments ;i%%

be remoed from t$e ector before t$e ca%cu%ation is performed

Arror8 unexpected s3mbo% in /s 3ou/

>

> 5r3 ca%%in4 sum a4ain, ;it$ narm set to 5@A8

Arror8 unexpected s3mbo% in /5r3 ca%%in4/

>

> edoomp%ete


> > sum(a, narm = 5@A)


> 1 2.


> $apter 2 omp%eted

Arror8 unexpected numeric constant in /$apter 2/

>


37/39

> $apter 2 ad4e

Arror8 unexpected numeric constant in /$apter 2/

> 7$are 3our p%under8

Arror8 unexpected s3mbo% in /7$are 3our/

>

> BouEe traersed $apter 2X and discoered anot$er bad4eO Qf 3ouEd %ike to

add t$is to 3our ode 7c$oo% account, c%ick $ere to %o4 in oer on ode 7c$oo%, if

3ouEd %ike to add it to 3our account

Arror8 unexpected strin4 constant in /BouEe traersed $apter 2X and

discoered anot$er bad4eO Qf 3ouE/

>

> Qn t$is c$apter, ;eEe s$o;n 3ou a%% t$e basics of manipu%atin4 ectors -

creatin4 and accessin4 t$em, doin4 mat$ ;it$ t$em, and makin4 sequences

DeEe s$o;n 3ou $o; to make bar p%ots and scatter p%ots ;it$ ectors nd

;eEe s$o;n 3ou $o; treats ectors ;$ere one or more a%ues are not

aai%ab%e

Arror8 unexpected s3mbo% in /Qn t$is/

>

> 5$e ector is Fust t$e Lrst of seera% data structures t$at oPers 7ee 3ou in

t$e next c$apter, ;$ere ;eE%% ta%k aboutX t$e matrix

Arror8 unexpected s3mbo% in /5$e ector/

>

> Gore from Eei%%3

Arror8 unexpected s3mbo% in /Gore from/

>

> Wid 3ou kno; t$at our sponsor Eei%%3 $as some 4reat resources for bi4 data

practitionersV $eck out t$e 7trata Ce;s%etter, t$e 7trata %o4, and 4et access to

Le e-books on bi4 data topics from %eadin4 t$inkers in t$e spaceaS%fsdS%sd%S

Arror8 unexpected s3mbo% in /Wid 3ou/

> datamatrix ratabaris


38/39

+ rata=sum(x)"%en4t$(x)

+ print(rata)#

> ratabarismatriks


39/39

1, &&1**'2 &H&&1H2& H21**2 &.*&*H.& &H.IH92

2, &9&*'*2' &H'HI292 *I999 '99H*22 11.HI'

*, *.*1*&I' &2HII.12 *9H*H9& .1&1*1&H '''IH.I

, 1'II..H' H*IH''' -2'.2.&H& &*9'&H&. 'H2I''.

&, 11H*I. .IHI&.I 1I.2*292 HI.H*&1 2'91&9H

', *.H1I2 HH9&'1&. I111&1 9919.9 H9*222

H, .91&29& *H.2** &192**. &19.1H'* '9&.*

9, 2&'I11' 1.*.&.I *1IIH.'I &21*H'& &12.*&

I, .H*.I'2 1.9*'1I* 1..&..''2 &1'22&'2 12*'..I

1., -.11HI19 H2*.*H 2'I...1H &&1'*HH 2*'*''9

11, H9&IH2 1'99I &.9..H*& I&19**I '211H9.

12, 9I.&.'& I'.'.&' 11*H92&&2 &2'HI1' 119*H*'.

1*, &*1*H122 .H21*2 .'''1. '.&1*&' *2.1*2

1, '*99I9. *'9.9. &92&2*& 9.H'9&H& *&'*92.

1&, 2*'29*12 .2&21& '.9I'. 9.&.1.& '19.*2'

1', *HIH99. 2.2*II I'.*&99H &'1&.*. &.&*H

1H, 19&&1' 1H91.1.& &H.&''I* H91&H *2*'.91

19, 22I*12I 9*9I.I1 '992&** 29.**I H&H9..9

1I, .9''..H2 29219I 992I99.* '2.&&1I '99'

2., 1.2H'11' &.2&1*.2 .&.HH99' '.2H1.* '9**2I

> ratabaris

akarpersamaankuadrat(latihan r)

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