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Achieving a Systemof Competitive Cities in Malaysia

Annexes

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World Bank Reimbursable Advisory Service Social, Urban, Rural, and Resilience Global Practice

November 2015

Achieving a Systemof Competitive Cities in Malaysia

Annexes

For further information refer to:

Director General,Economic Planning UnitPrime Minister’s DepartmentBlock B5 & B6Federal Government Administrative Centre62502 PUTRAJAYA

Website: www.epu.gov.my

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, copied, stored in any retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means - electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise; without prior permission of Economic Planning Unit, Prime Minister’s Department, Malaysia.

Malaysia: Achieving a System of Competitive Cities 3

TABLE OF CONTENTS

List of Tables .................................................................................................................................................. 4

List of Figures ................................................................................................................................................. 5

List of Boxes ................................................................................................................................................... 5

1. Data Resources for Economic Analysis (Annex for Chapter 2) ........................................................................ 71.1. Data Utilization ......................................................................................................................................................... 7

1.1.1. Data received from the Government of Malaysia ..................................................................................71.1.2. What have we done with the government data? ...................................................................................7

2. Additional Information on Spatial Analysis (Annex for Chapter 3) ................................................................. 82.1. Standardized Groupings of Land Use Classes .......................................................................................................... 82.2. Technical Recommendations on the Management of GIS Data in Malaysia ...........................................................92.3. Modelling the impact of Malay Reserve Land on housing affordability in Johor Bahru ........................................11

3. Institutional Issues (Annexes for Chapter 4) ............................................................................................. 143.1. Institutional Mapping.............................................................................................................................................. 143.2. List of Meetings for Institutional Analysis ............................................................................................................. 813.3. Institutional Analysis: Selected Global Case Studies ............................................................................................ 82

3.3.1. Case study one: Decentralization in Indonesia ................................................................................. 823.3.2. Case study two: Decentralization in Mexico ...................................................................................... 853.3.3. Case study three: Decentralization in Spain ...................................................................................... 87

3.4. Metropolitan Management – Approaches and Implications .................................................................................893.4.1 Why metropolitan management matters for Malaysia ...................................................................... 893.4.2. The need for metropolitan governance through political transformation .........................................913.4.3. Metropolitan governance models ....................................................................................................... 923.4.4. Global experiences .............................................................................................................................. 923.4.5. Metropolitan (regional) authority: city examples .............................................................................. 973.4.6. Metropolitan-level planning through non-governmental organizations ........................................... 983.4.7. Metropolitan-level / regional government: city examples ................................................................. 993.4.8. Consolidated local government: city examples ............................................................................... 1023.4.9. Large infrastructure projects: special situations ............................................................................. 1033.4.10. Lessons learned and policy implications ......................................................................................... 104

3.5. Mayor’s Wedge Analysis for Greater KL/KV PBTs ................................................................................................. 1073.5.1. The Mayor’s wedge framework: a standardized framework for city governments ......................... 1073.5.2. Overview: Greater Kuala Lumpur and Klang Valley PBTs ................................................................ 1083.5.3. Malaysia’s intergovernmental environment ......................................................................................1103.5.4. Economic development strategy ....................................................................................................... 1123.5.5. City service delivery ...........................................................................................................................1143.5.6. Business regulations and licensing ...................................................................................................119

3.6. Examples of Formulae for Intergovernmental Fiscal Transfers ........................................................................... 1203.6.1. Formulae for Intergovernmental Fiscal Transfers in Australia ....................................................... 120

4 Annexes

3.6.2. Formulae for Intergovernmental Fiscal Transfers in Indonesia .......................................................1223.7. Annex 3 References ............................................................................................................................................... 125

4. Social Exclusion (Annexes for Chapter 5) ................................................................................................. 1314.1. Field Work Implementation Details .......................................................................................................................131

4.1.1. Calendar of events for qualitative field work .................................................................................... 1314.1.2. Summary of participants in focus group discussions .......................................................................1334.1.3. Focus group discussion questionnaire ..............................................................................................1344.1.4. Guidelines for focus group discussions............................................................................................ 1364.1.5. General Structure of the Focus Group Discussion ............................................................................1374.1.6. List of agencies in round table discussions ......................................................................................1384.1.7. Agenda: Agency Meeting: EPU November 3rd, 2014 ........................................................................1384.1.8. List of Civil Society Organizations in Malaysia working with youth at risk .................................... 139

4.2. List of Federal Government Programs for Youth .................................................................................................. 1434.3. Case Study: England supports affordable housing through land planning and policy ....................................... 1474.4. Annex 4 References ............................................................................................................................................... 148

LIST OF TABLES

Table 2-1: Land use classifications by city............................................................................................................................9Table 2-2: Estimated increase in rents and land values when MRL is excluded from urbanization ................................ 13Table 3-1: Institutional Map - Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur ..................................................................................... 14Table 3-2: Institutional Map: Federal Territory of Putrajaya ............................................................................................. 22Table 3-3: Institutional Map: Selangor................................................................................................................................30Table 3-4: Institutional Map: Penang State ........................................................................................................................40Table 3-5: Institutional Map: Iskandar Malaysia Region, Johor .........................................................................................48Table 3-6: Institutional Map: East Coast Economic Corridor area / Pahang .....................................................................56Table 3-7: Institutional Map: Kota Kinabalu, Sabah ...........................................................................................................64Table 3-8: Institutional Map: Kuching, Sarawak ................................................................................................................. 72Table 3-9: Meetings for Institutional Analysis .................................................................................................................... 81Table 3-10: Metropolitan governance models ......................................................................................................................94Table 3-11: Characteristics of metropolitan authorities ...................................................................................................... 97Table 3-12: Allocation of expenditure responsibilities for metropolitan-wide vs. local service provision .....................106Table 3-13: Comparing the mayor’s wedge of South Africa, Indonesia and Malaysia ...................................................... 110Table 3-14: DAU Variable Weights, 2011 ............................................................................................................................ 123Table 4-1: Calendar of events for quantitative field work .................................................................................................131Table 4-2: City by city gender participation .................................................................................................................... 133Table 4-3: City by city ethnicity breakdown of participants ........................................................................................... 134Table 4-4: Educational attainment among focus group participants .............................................................................. 134Table 4-5: Structured questionnaire for the study on social inclusion ........................................................................... 135Table 4-6: Agencies in round table discussions ............................................................................................................... 138Table 4-7: CSOs in Malaysia working with youth at risk .................................................................................................. 139Table 4-8: Federal government programs for youth ......................................................................................................... 133


LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 2-1: Malay Reserve Land and FELDA land in Johor Bahru conurbation ....................................................................11Figure 2-2: The urban economics model on the impacts of Malay Reserve Land ...............................................................12Figure 3-1: Greater Kuala Lumpur jurisdictions ................................................................................................................... 91Figure 3-2: The Mayor’s Wedge Framework (scope and capacity) ....................................................................................108Figure 3-3: Greater Kuala Lumpur/Klang Valley PBTs ........................................................................................................109Figure 3-4: Density compared to two transit factors ......................................................................................................... 276Figure 3-5: Greater Manchester .......................................................................................................................................... 118Figure 3-6: LEPs in the UK ................................................................................................................................................... 119Figure 3-7 Allocation Process of DAK ................................................................................................................................ 125Figure 4-1: City by city participants in focus group discussions ...................................................................................... 133Figure 4-2: Proportion of focus group discussants working .............................................................................................. 134

LIST OF BOXES

Box 3-1: Greater Vancouver Regional District: An evolutionary approach to regional, district-based metropolitan planning & management ....................................................................................................................................99

Box 3-2: New York Metropolitan Region: A legitimized civil society approach to megapolitan planning: the pioneering role of the regional planning association ............................................................................... 101

Box 3-3: Seoul Metropolitan Government: Leadership from the metropolitan core .................................................... 105Box 3-4: Selected recommendations for teen and young adult unemployment in U.S. cities ..................................... 114Box 3-5: Polycentricity and public transport: Los Angeles and Seoul .......................................................................... 116Box 3-6: Greater Manchester Combined Authority ........................................................................................................ 118Box 3-7: Regional arrangements for local authorities in the UK ................................................................................... 119


1. DATA RESOURCES FOR ECONOMIC ANALYSIS (ANNEX FOR CHAPTER 2)

1.1 Data Utilization

1.1.1 Data received from the Government of Malaysia

» Population Census: for 2000 and 2010, disaggregated to the mukim level. [data and shape files]

» Household Expenditure Survey: for 2009/10, data at the conurbation level provided recently.

» Household Income Survey: for 2012, data at the conurbation level provided recently.

» Economic Census: for 2010, at the conurbation level, for manufacturing and services.

» Labor Force Survey: for 2008-2012, at state-level, with rural-urban differentiation.

1.1.2 What have we done with the government data?

1. Population Census:

» Calculated population density at conurbation level;

» Constructed the density gradient of each conurbation, which exhibits the population density by distance from the city center;

» Density gradients reflect the spatial form of cities, shaped by interactions between land markets, public investment, and regulations;

» Spatial structure can have important impacts on economic efficiency of cities — deficient spatial structure fragments labor and consumer markets, contributes to higher transactions costs by unnecessarily increasing distances between people and places, and increases the length of infrastructure network and as a result raises capital and operating costs.

2. Household Expenditure Survey:

» Calculated the cost of living in terms of share of transport and housing cost in total household expenditure;

» Association with productivity of conurbations.

3. Economic Census:

» The total factor productivity (TFP) by conurbation and industry, and its relation with economic density, education attainment, employment structure (ratio of non-Malay employees), ownership and legal status;

» Labor share and production structure;

» Capital intensity, return to capital and access to capital;

» Industrial specialization of conurbations using location quotient;

8 Annexes

» Clustering of the six selected conurbations in the “sunset” and “sunrise” industries.

4. Labor Force Survey:

» Combined with Economic Census data;

» Analyzed education attainment by conurbation and industry (2-Digit level);

» Examined how it is related to productivity and household income in respective conurbation and industry.

5. Other data sources: Oxford Economics Global Cities Dataset, World Bank East Asia Urban Expansion Dataset, CEIC Malaysia data, and Global Risk Data Platform from United Nations Environment Programme for calculat-ing:

» Benchmarking with other large cities in the region;

» Economic density (measured by value of production per km2 and jobs per km2), industrial structure and productivity;

» Relation between public amenities and productivity;

» Capital investment at the state level;

» Built-up land in urban agglomerations with populations of 100,000 or more from satellites image data;

» Economic density as measured by GDP per km2.

2. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ON SPATIAL ANALYSIS (ANNEX FOR CHAPTER 3)

2.1 Standardized Groupings of Land Use Classes

6. GIS data on current (“semasa”) land use were obtained as follows:

» Greater Kuala Lumpur: from DBKL for the Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur (FTKL), and JPBD Selangor for the eight local authority areas adjacent to FTKL

» Johor Bahru: from JPBD Johor

» George Town: from JPBD Pulau Pinang

» Kota Kinabalu: from DBKK

7. As the land use classes used by each of these data sources varied somewhat, the classifications were standardized as shown in the table below.


Table 2-1 Land use classifications by city

Standardized Greater Kuala Lumpur Johor Bahru George Town Kota Kinabalu

Agricultural

Pertanian Pertanian Tanaman Agriculture

Penternakan Ternakan

Penternakan dan Akuakultur

Penternakan dan Akuakultur

Commercial

Perniagaan Perniagaan Perniagaan Commercial Area

Perniagaan Terancang

Perniagaan dan Perkhidmatan

Perniagaan dan Perkhidmatan

Perkhidmatan dan Perniagaan

PD

Green/Open Space

Hutan Hutan Hutan/Belukar/Paya

Kawasan Hijau Hutan/Tumbuhan Semulajadi

Tanah Kosong Tanah Kosong

Tanah Kosong Semulajadi

Tanah Lapang Tanah Lapang Tanah Lapang

Tanah Lapang/Bukit

Tanah Lapang dan Rekreasi

Tanah Lapang dan Rekreasi

Sedia Ada Dikekalkan

KL

KRKL

Industrial

Industri Industri Industri Industrial Area

Lombong Perlombongan

Rizab Lombong

ID

Infrastructure

Bekalan Air Infrastruktur

Bekalan Elektrik

Infrastruktur dan Utiliti Infrastruktur dan Utiliti Utiliti Awam Infrastructure and Utilities

Jalan Jalanraya

Pelupusan Sisa Pepejal

Pembetungan

Pengairan dan Perparitan

Pengairan dan Saliran

Pengangkutan Pengangkutan Pengangkutan Traffic and Transportation

Kemudahan Pengangkutan

IU

TR

10 Annexes

Standardized Greater Kuala Lumpur Johor Bahru George Town Kota Kinabalu

Institutional

Institusi Institusi Institusi Kerajaan/ Badan Berkanun

Institusi dan Kemudahan Masyarakat

Institusi dan Kemudahan Masyarakat

Government and Community Facility

Keagamaan Tempat Ibadat

Keselamatan

Kesihatan

Pendidikan Pendidikan

Lain-lain Kemudahan Masyarakat

Kemudahan Awam

INT

KBR Perkuburan

KKA

Perkhidmatan dan Kemudahan

OtherBangunan

Bangunan Kosong

Residential

Kediaman Kediaman Kediaman Residential Area

Perumahan Terancang Taman Perumahan

Rumah Kebajikan

KD

STG

Water Bodies

Badan Air Badan Air Laut/Sungai/Tasik Water Bodies

Badan Air Buatan

SG

2.2 Technical Recommendations on the Management of GIS Data in Malaysia

8. Based on the experience of working with GIS data on land use from five different sources in Malaysia, the World Bank team offers the following technical recommendations for improving the management of GIS data in Malaysia:

» Standardize the land use classifications, ideally using nested classifications that allow for aggregation (see Annex 3-1 for a summary of the non-standardized nature of classifications currently).

» Standardize the map projections used. Currently, different data sources use different map projections.

» Synchronize the data collection schedule across the country, so that data for the same year(s) is available for each city. For example, DBKL has land use data for 2000 and 2010, while JPBD Selangor has data for 2002 and 2008.

Table 2-1 Continued


9. When editing land use files, make sure that the integrity of the typology remains intact. For example, to add water bodies, avoid drawing polygons on top of an existing layer, which results in overlapping polygons that will create area calculations errors later; instead, water bodies need to be integrated into the layer.

2.3 Modelling the impact of Malay Reserve Land on housing affordability in Johor Bahru

10. “Malay Reserve Land,” detailed under the Malay Reservation Enactment or ERM, refers to a special category of land situated within the territorial boundaries of a state, which can be owned and dealt over only by Malays or the natives of the state. Limiting access to Malay Reserve Land undervalues the prices of these properties, and puts unnecessary upward pressure on neighboring land prices. As a result there is a limited market for the trading of Malay Reserve Land. Reports suggest that, when the government acquires such land for development or when Malay developers buy the land, they are reluctant to pay a high price or compensation because of the limited market and the lack of financial resources. These buyers may lose interest in the deal since landowners set high prices. As a result, the land remains undeveloped (Omar, 2002).

11. To understand how the segregation of MRL from the land market could potentially affect housing and land affordability, a theoretical framework that reflects the interplay between households’ localization decisions, project developers’ construction decisions and transport costs is required. The standard urban economics model as defined by Fujita (1989) based on the pioneering works of Alsonso (1964), Mills (1967) and Muth (1969) is well suited to conduct such a study. The aim of this study is precisely to evaluate the impact of excluding Malay reserves from urbanization in relative terms compared to a situation where Malay reserves are entirely available to urbanize.

12. In this exercise we use such a standard model and inform it by using real world inputs from Malaysia and Johor Bahru in particular. First, we calculate how much space MRL occupy, identify their locations within the city, and exclude these areas from potential urbanization. According to the data provided by the local government, approximately 14.5% of the land within the conurbation line is MRL, as shown in the map below.

Figure 2-1: Malay Reserve Land and FELDA land in Johor Bahru conurbation

12 Annexes

13. This model aims to explain the variation in land costs in cities and level of real estate prices together with the distribution of households and buildings in an urban area. Classically, it is based on two very simplified, yet realistic, fundamental mechanisms. First, households, when choosing where to live, trade-off between the proximity to the city centre and the level of real estate prices (or equivalently between the proximity to the city centre and the size of the dwelling they will occupy). Second, the project developers (or landowners) maximise their profits and choose to build more or less housing surface in a given place depending on the level of real estate prices. The higher the real estate prices, the denser the developers choose to build. In this model version, landowners are assumed to live outside the city, which means that land rents are not recycled into the local economy as income.

14. In the present study, we use this model with a certain number of simplifying hypotheses. First, we assume that all households commute every day to the centre of Johor Bahru, where jobs are assumed to be located. Second, the model also relies on the hypothesis that all households within the urban area earn the same average income.

15. With a limited amount of data describing the size of the population, average households’ income, the transport system (in this case in a very simplified manner), land use, construction costs, and households and developers’ behavior, the mechanisms described above can reproduce the main features of an urban area in a schematic way. The main outputs of such a model are: rents expressed in currency/sq meter of housing space, dwelling size in sq meters, housing density or equivalently building heights in number of floors and population density expressed in households/sq km. Other outputs can be computed such as land values expressed in currency/sq meters of land. See charts below that exhibit the main outputs of the model.

Figure 2-2: The urban economics model on the impacts of Malay Reserve Land


16. In this simplified representation of Johor Bahru and without detailed calibration data, the outputs of the model should be considered with precaution. However, although the actual value of each output variable is unlikely to match real values (because calibration is very basic and real world features such as transport networks are absent), their variation when a shock is introduced in the urban system (such as excluding land from potential urbanization) is meaningful and likely to change only marginally with more spatially detailed information.

17. The table below presents the modelling results on the increase in rents and land values for the scenario when MRL is excluded from urbanization. The first row presents the result when the value of ß (the share of income devoted to housing expenditures) is set as 0.16, which is based on existing data for Johor Bahru. The impacts are increase in rents of 1.30% and increase in total land values of 4.60%. The increase is not huge, but neither is it negligable. This is not only related to the size of the MRL in Johor Bahru, but also the location – some of the MRL areas are located quite close to the city center where the rents are high. The following rows in the table present results of the sensitivity analysis with different values of ß.

Table 2-2: Estimated increase in rents and land values when MRL is excluded from urbanization

Value of ß Variation in rents Variation in total land values

0.16 +1.29% +4.59%

0.10 1.26% 4.48%

0.15 1.30% 4.64%

0.2 1.20% 4.29%

0.25 1.12% 3.97%

0.3 1.08% 3.85%

14 Annexes

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epar

tmen

t of

Irri

gatio

n &

Dr

aina

ge)

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

(D

epar

tmen

t of

Irri

gatio

n &

Dr

aina

ge)

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Re

sour

ces

&

Envi

ronm

ent

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

(D

epar

tmet

n of

Irri

gatio

n &

Dr

aina

ge)

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Re

sour

ces

&

Envi

ronm

ent

OR

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

AND/

OR

Sela

ngor

Sta

te

Gov

ernm

ent

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

(D

epar

tmen

t of

Irri

gatio

n &

Dr

aina

ge)

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Re

sour

ces

&

Envi

ronm

ent

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

(D

epar

tmen

t of

Irri

gatio

n &

Dr

aina

ge)

Drai

nage

Wor

ks A

ct

1954

(198

8)

Drai

nage

&

Irri

gatio

n (L

ocal

Dr

aina

ge N

etw

ork)

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Re

sour

ces

&

Envi

ronm

ent

Mun

icip

al O

R Pr

ivat

e De

velo

pers

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Kua

la L

umpu

r (DB

KL)

Stre

et, D

rain

age

and

Build

ing

Act 1

974

(199

4)

Loca

l Gov

ernm

ent A

ct

(197

6): (

Peni

nsul

ar)

Tow

n an

d Co

untr

y Pl

anni

ng A

ct 1

976

MBP

J Ea

rthW

orks

By

Law

(M

PSJ)

2007

16 Annexes

Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Serv

ice

Del

iver

yRe

gula

tor

Dat

a D

epos

itor

yLe

gisl

atio

n

Sew

erag

e

Suru

hanj

aya

Perk

hidm

atan

Ai

r Neg

ara

- SP

AN (N

atio

nal

Wat

er S

ervi

ces

Com

mis

sion

Jaba

tan

Perk

hidm

atan

Pe

mbe

ntun

gan

(Sew

erag

e Se

rvic

es

Depa

rtm

ent)

M

inis

try

of E

nerg

y,

Gre

en T

echn

olog

y &

Wat

er (K

ETTH

A)

Inda

h W

ater

Kon

sort

ium

(IW

K)

Suru

hanj

aya

Perk

hidm

atan

Ai

r Neg

ara

- SP

AN (N

atio

nal

Wat

er S

ervi

ces

Com

mis

sion

)

Inda

h W

ater

Ko

nsor

tium

(IW

K)

Akta

Per

khid

mat

an

Pem

betu

ngan

199

3 (A

ct

508)

A

ct 6

54 S

uruh

anja

ya

Perk

hidm

atan

Air

N

egar

a Ac

t 200

6

Solid

Was

te

(Col

lect

ion)

Min

istr

y of

Urb

an

Wel

lbei

ng, H

ousi

ng

& L

ocal

Gov

ernm

en

Jaba

tan

Peng

urus

an

Sisa

Pep

ejal

Neg

ara

(Nat

iona

l Sol

id

Was

te M

anag

emen

t De

part

men

t)

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

& L

ocal

G

over

nmen

t

Perb

adan

an P

engu

rusa

n Si

sa P

epej

al d

an

Pem

bers

ihan

Aw

am (P

PSPP

A)

Min

istr

y of

Urb

an W

ellb

eing

, Hou

sing

&

Loca

l Gov

ernm

ent

Jaba

tan

Peng

urus

an

Sisa

Pep

ejal

Neg

ara

(Nat

iona

l Sol

id

Was

te M

anag

emen

t De

part

men

t)

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

& L

ocal

G

over

nmen

t

Perb

adan

an

Peng

urus

an

Sisa

Pep

ejal

dan

Pe

mbe

rsih

an A

wam

(P

PSPP

A)

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

& L

ocal

G

over

nmen

t

Akta

Per

bada

nan

Peng

urus

an S

isa

Pepe

jal

dan

Pem

bers

ihan

Aw

am

(Akt

a 67

3)

Solid

Was

te

(Dis

posa

l - P

ublic

)

Min

istr

y of

Urb

an

Wel

lbei

ng, H

ousi

ng

& L

ocal

Gov

ernm

ent

Jaba

tan

Peng

urus

an S

isa

Pepe

jal N

egar

a

(Nat

iona

l Sol

id W

aste

Man

agem

ent

Depa

rtm

ent)

M

inis

try

of U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng, H

ousi

ng &

Lo

cal G

over

nmen

t

Dew

an B

anda

r Ku

ala

Lum

pur (

DB

KL)

Min

istr

y of

Fed

eral

Te

rrit

ory

Jaba

tan

Alam

Se

kita

r (D

epar

tmen

t of

Envi

ronm

ent)

M

inis

try

of N

atur

al

Reso

urce

s an

d En

viro

nmen

t

Jaba

tan

Peng

urus

an

Sisa

Pep

ejal

Neg

ara

(Nat

iona

l Sol

id

Was

te M

anag

emen

t De

part

men

t)

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

& L

ocal

G

over

nmen

t

Act 6

72 S

olid

Was

te

and

Publ

ic C

lean

sing

M

anag

emen

t Act

200

7

(effl

uent

)

Solid

Was

te

(Dis

posa

l - P

riva

te)

Min

istr

y of

Urb

an

Wel

lbei

ng, H

ousi

ng

& L

ocal

Gov

ernm

ent

Jaba

tan

Peng

urus

an

Sisa

Pep

ejal

Neg

ara

(Nat

iona

l Sol

id

Was

te M

anag

emen

t De

part

men

t)

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

& L

ocal

G

over

nmen

t

Priv

ate

Conc

essi

onai

re

Jaba

tan

Alam

Se

kita

r (D

epar

tmen

t of

Envi

ronm

ent)

M

inis

try

of N

atur

al

Reso

urce

s an

d En

viro

nmen

t

Jaba

tan

Peng

urus

an

Sisa

Pep

ejal

Neg

ara

(Nat

iona

l Sol

id

Was

te M

anag

emen

t De

part

men

t)

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

& L

ocal

G

over

nmen

t

Act 6

72 S

olid

Was

te

and

Publ

ic C

lean

sing

M

anag

emen

t Act

200

7 Lo

cal G

over

nmen

t (A

men

dmen

t) A

ct 2

007

Tabl

e 3-

1 Co

ntin

ued


Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Serv

ice

Del

iver

yRe

gula

tor

Dat

a D

epos

itor

yLe

gisl

atio

n

Wat

er

Suru

hanj

aya

Perk

hidm

atan

Ai

r Neg

ara

- SP

AN (N

atio

nal

Wat

er S

ervi

ces

Com

mis

sion

)

Jaba

tan

Beka

lan

Air

(Sew

erag

e Se

rvic

es

Depa

rtm

ent)

M

inis

try

of E

nerg

y,

Gre

en T

echn

olog

y &

Wat

er (K

ETTH

A)

Syar

ikat

Bek

alan

Air

Sel

ango

r (SY

ABAS

)

Suru

hanj

aya

Perk

hidm

atan

Ai

r Neg

ara

- SP

AN (N

atio

nal

Wat

er S

ervi

ces

Com

mis

sion

)

Sya

rika

t Bek

alan

Ai

r Sel

ango

r Bhd

(S

yaba

s), P

unca

k N

iaga

Sdn

Bhd

(P

NSB

), Ko

nsor

tium

Ab

bas

Sdn

Bhd

(Abb

as) a

nd

Syar

ikat

Pen

gelu

ar

Air S

elan

gor

Hol

ding

s Bh

d (S

plas

h).

Act 6

54 S

uruh

anja

ya

Perk

hidm

atan

Air

N

egar

a Ac

t 200

6 Ac

t 655

Wat

er S

ervi

ce

Indu

stry

Act

200

6

Elec

tric

ity N

etw

ork

(Dis

trib

utio

n)Su

ruha

njay

a Te

naga

Tena

ga N

asio

nal

Berh

ad

Tena

ga N

asio

nal

Berh

ad O

R Pr

ivat

e De

velo

per

Tena

ga N

asio

nal

Berh

adSu

ruha

njay

a Te

naga

Tena

ga N

asio

nal

Berh

ad

Act 6

10 E

nerg

y Co

mm

issi

on A

ct 2

001

Act 4

47 E

lect

rici

ty

Supp

ly A

ct 1

990

Tele

com

mun

icat

ions

N

etw

ork

Mal

aysi

a Co

mm

unic

atio

ns a

nd M

ultim

edia

Co

mm

issi

onPr

ivat

e Te

leco

mm

unic

atio

ns C

ompa

nies

Mal

aysi

a Co

mm

unic

atio

ns a

nd M

ultim

edia

Co

mm

issi

on

Com

mun

icat

ions

and

M

ultim

edia

Act

199

8 Co

mm

unic

atio

ns a

nd

Mul

timed

ia C

omm

issi

on

Act (

1998

)

Gas

Supp

lySu

ruha

njay

a Te

naga

Gas

Mal

aysi

a Be

rhad

( M

MC

Com

pany

)Su

ruha

njay

a Te

naga

Gas

Mal

aysi

a Be

rhad

( M

MC

Com

pany

)GA

S SU

PPLY

ACT

199

3

Publ

ic B

uild

ings

and

Cor

e U

rban

Ser

vice

s

18 Annexes

Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Serv

ice

Del

iver

yRe

gula

tor

Dat

a D

epos

itor

yLe

gisl

atio

n

Publ

ic M

arke

ts &

H

awke

rsDe

wan

Ban

dara

ya K

uala

Lum

pur (

DBKL

) M

inis

try

of F

eder

al T

erri

tori

es

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ku

ala

Lum

pur

(DBK

L) M

inis

try

of

Fede

ral T

erri

tori

es

AND/

OR

Jaba

tan

Alam

Sek

itar

(Dep

artm

ent o

f En

viro

nmen

t)

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Re

sour

ces

and

Envi

ronm

ent

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ku

ala

Lum

pur

(DBK

L) M

inis

try

of

Fede

ral T

erri

tori

es

Ope

n Sp

aces

&

Publ

ic P

arks

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Kua

la L

umpu

r (DB

KL)

Min

istr

y of

Fed

eral

Ter

rito

ries

Polic

e St

atio

ns

Min

istr

y of

Hom

e Aff

airs

AN

D/O

R

Jaba

tan

Pera

ncan

g Ba

ndar

dan

Des

a

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

and

Loc

al

Gov

ernm

ent

Polis

Dir

aja

Mal

aysi

a

(Pol

ice

Depa

rtm

ent)

M

inis

try

of H

ome

Affai

rsM

inis

try

of H

ome

Affai

rs

Fire

Sta

tions

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

and

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent

Fire

Dep

artm

ent (

BOM

BA)

Min

istr

y of

Urb

an W

ellb

eing

, Hou

sing

and

Loc

al G

over

nmen

tFi

re S

ervi

ces

Act 1

988

(Act

341

)

Hos

pita

ls a

nd

Med

ical

Car

e

Min

istr

y of

Hea

lth

AND/

OR

Ja

bata

n Pe

ranc

ang

Band

ar d

an D

esa

M

inis

try

of

Urb

an W

ellb

eing

, H

ousi

ng a

nd L

ocal

G

over

nmen

t

Baha

gian

Pem

bang

unan

M

inis

try

of H

ealt

h O

R Pr

ivat

e H

ospi

tal

Min

istr

y of

Hea

lth

Scho

ols

Min

istr

y of

Edu

catio

n

Inst

itute

of H

ighe

r Le

arni

ngM

inis

try

of H

ighe

r Edu

catio

n

Tabl

e 3-

1 Co

ntin

ued


Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Serv

ice

Del

iver

yRe

gula

tor

Dat

a D

epos

itor

yLe

gisl

atio

n

Libr

arie

sM

inis

try

of In

form

atio

n, C

omm

unic

atio

n an

d Cu

lture

Art &

Cul

tura

l Ce

nter

sM

inis

try

of In

form

atio

n, C

omm

unic

atio

n an

d Cu

lture

Hot

els

Min

istr

y of

Tou

rism

&

Cul

ture

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rsM

inis

try

of T

ouri

sm &

Cul

ture

Innk

eepe

rs A

ct 1

952

Hot

els

(Fed

eral

Ter

rito

ry

Of K

uala

Lum

pur)

Act

20

03

Hom

es, N

urse

ries

&

Kind

erga

rden

s

Min

istr

y of

W

omen

, Fam

ily

& C

omm

unit

y D

evel

opm

ent

Wel

fare

Dep

artm

ent

Min

istr

y of

W

omen

, Fam

ily

& C

omm

unit

y D

evel

opm

ent

Priv

ate

Busi

ness

Ow

ner

Wel

fare

Dep

artm

ent

Min

istr

y of

W

omen

, Fam

ily

& C

omm

unit

y D

evel

opm

ent

Min

istr

y of

W

omen

, Fam

ily

& C

omm

unit

y D

evel

opm

ent

Act 3

08 C

hild

Car

e Ce

ntre

Act

19

84

Com

mun

ity

Cent

ers

(Inc

ludi

ng

Spor

ts F

acili

ties,

M

ultip

urpo

se H

alls

, et

c)

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Kua

la L

umpu

r (DB

KL)

Min

istr

y of

Fed

eral

Ter

rito

ries

Publ

ic H

ousi

ng-P

PR

(Fun

ded

Fede

ral)

Jaba

tan

Peru

mah

an N

egar

aDe

wan

Ban

dara

ya K

uala

Lum

pur

(DBK

L) M

inis

try

of F

eder

al T

erri

tori

es

PR1M

A (P

riva

te)

Jaba

tan

Peru

mah

an

Neg

ara

PR1M

AJM

BPR

1MA

Publ

ic S

erva

nt

Hou

sing

(PPA

1M)

Jaba

tan

Peru

mah

an N

egar

aJM

B

Rum

ah W

ilaya

h Pe

rsek

utua

n (F

eder

al H

ousi

ng)

Min

istr

y of

Fed

eral

Te

rrito

ries

Jaba

tan

Peru

mah

an N

egar

aJM

B

Adve

rtis

emen

ts

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ku

ala

Lum

pur

(DBK

L) M

inis

try

of

Fede

ral T

erri

tori

es

Priv

ate

Com

pani

es

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ku

ala

Lum

pur

(DBK

L) M

inis

try

of

Fede

ral T

erri

tori

es

Priv

ate

Com

pani

es

Traffi

c M

anag

emen

t/

Cong

estio

n Co

ntro

l an

d M

onito

ring

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ku

ala

Lum

pur

(DBK

L) M

inis

try

of

Fede

ral T

erri

tori

es

AND

/OR

Polic

e Di

raja

Mal

aysi

a (P

DRM

) Min

istr

y of

H

ome

Affai

rs

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Kua

la L

umpu

r (DB

KL)

Min

istr

y of

Fed

eral

Ter

rito

ries

20 Annexes

Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Serv

ice

Del

iver

yRe

gula

tor

Dat

a D

epos

itor

yLe

gisl

atio

n

Land

Val

uatio

ns

(DBK

L La

nd)

Prop

erty

Man

agem

ent &

Lan

d Va

luat

ion

Depa

rtm

ent (

DBKL

)Se

ctio

n 14

4, L

ocal

Go

vern

men

t Act

1976

Land

Val

uatio

ns

(Fed

eral

Lan

d)Va

luat

ion

and

Prop

erty

Ser

vice

s De

part

men

t, M

inis

try

of F

inan

ce

Build

ing

Cont

rol

Com

mer

cial

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

and

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent A

ND

De

wan

Ban

dara

ya

Kual

a Lu

mpu

r (D

BKL)

Min

istr

y of

Fe

dera

l Ter

rito

ries

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rsPr

ivat

e O

wne

rs/

JMB

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

and

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent A

ND

De

wan

Ban

dara

ya

Kual

a Lu

mpu

r (D

BKL)

Min

istr

y of

Fe

dera

l Ter

rito

ries

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ku

ala

Lum

pur

(DBK

L) M

inis

try

of

Fede

ral T

erri

tori

es

Stre

et, D

rain

age

And

Build

ing

Act 1

974

U

nifo

rm B

uild

ing

By

Law

s Bu

ildin

g An

d Co

mm

on

Prop

erty

(Mai

nten

ance

An

d M

anag

emen

t) A

ct

2007

[Act

663

]

Resi

dent

ial

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

and

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent A

ND

De

wan

Ban

dara

ya

Kual

a Lu

mpu

r (D

BKL)

Min

istr

y of

Fe

dera

l Ter

rito

ries

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rsPr

ivat

e O

wne

rs/

JMB

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

and

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent A

ND

De

wan

Ban

dara

ya

Kual

a Lu

mpu

r (D

BKL)

Min

istr

y of

Fe

dera

l Ter

rito

ries

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ku

ala

Lum

pur

(DBK

L) M

inis

try

of

Fede

ral T

erri

tori

es

Stre

et, D

rain

age

And

Build

ing

Act 1

974

U

nifo

rm B

uild

ing

By

Law

s Bu

ildin

g An

d Co

mm

on

Prop

erty

(Mai

nten

ance

An

d M

anag

emen

t) A

ct

2007

[Act

663

]

Publ

ic B

uild

ings

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

and

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent A

ND

De

wan

Ban

dara

ya

Kual

a Lu

mpu

r (D

BKL)

Min

istr

y of

Fe

dera

l Ter

rito

ries

Resp

ectiv

e M

inis

trie

s

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

and

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent A

ND

De

wan

Ban

dara

ya

Kual

a Lu

mpu

r (D

BKL)

Min

istr

y of

Fe

dera

l Ter

rito

ries

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ku

ala

Lum

pur

(DBK

L) M

inis

try

of

Fede

ral T

erri

tori

es

Stre

et, D

rain

age

And

Build

ing

Act 1

974

U

nifo

rm B

uild

ing

By

Law

s

Her

itage

Bui

ldin

gs

Her

itage

Co

mm

issi

on

Mal

aysi

a AN

D/O

R De

wan

Ban

dara

ya

Kual

a Lu

mpu

r (D

BKL)

Min

istr

y of

Fe

dera

l Ter

rito

ries

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rs/

Resp

ectiv

e M

inis

try

Her

itage

Com

mis

sion

Mal

aysi

a AN

D/O

R De

wan

Ban

dara

ya K

uala

Lum

pur (

DBKL

) M

inis

try

of F

eder

al T

erri

tori

es

Nat

iona

l Her

itage

Act

20

05

Tabl

e 3-

1 Co

ntin

ued


Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Serv

ice

Del

iver

yRe

gula

tor

Dat

a D

epos

itor

yLe

gisl

atio

n

No

Fly

Zone

s (B

uild

ing

Hei

ghts

)

Min

istr

y of

Tr

ansp

ort

(Dep

artm

ent o

f Av

iati

on) A

ND

De

wan

Ban

dara

ya

Kual

a Lu

mpu

r (D

BKL)

Min

istr

y of

Fe

dera

l Ter

rito

ries

Min

istr

y of

Tr

ansp

ort

(Dep

artm

ent o

f Av

iati

on)

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rs

Min

istr

y of

Tra

nspo

rt (D

epar

tmen

t of

Avia

tion)

AN

D De

wan

Ban

dara

ya K

uala

Lu

mpu

r (DB

KL)

Min

istr

y of

Fed

eral

Ter

rito

ries

Spec

ial R

eser

ves

/ Zo

nes

Cont

rol

Spec

ial E

cono

mic

Zo

ne (E

.G T

RX

Exch

ange

)M

inis

try

of F

inan

ce

Mul

timed

ia S

uper

Co

rrid

or Z

ones

Min

istr

y of

Fin

ance

AN

D

Mul

timed

ia D

evel

opm

ent C

orpo

ratio

n

Her

itage

Zon

es

Her

itage

Co

mm

issi

on

Mal

aysi

a AN

D/O

R De

wan

Ban

dara

ya

Kual

a Lu

mpu

r (D

BKL)

Min

istr

y of

Fe

dera

l Ter

rito

ries

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rs/

Resp

ectiv

e M

inis

try

Her

itage

Com

mis

sion

Mal

aysi

a AN

D/O

R De

wan

Ban

dara

ya K

uala

Lum

pur (

DBKL

) M

inis

try

of F

eder

al T

erri

tori

es

Nat

iona

l Her

itage

Act

20

05

Rive

r Res

erve

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

(D

epar

tmet

n of

Irri

gatio

n &

Dra

inag

e)

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Res

ourc

es &

En

viro

nmen

t

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

(D

epar

tmet

n of

Irri

gatio

n &

Dr

aina

ge)

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Re

sour

ces

&

Envi

ronm

ent

O

R Pr

ivat

e De

velo

pers

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

(D

epar

tmet

n of

Irri

gatio

n &

Dr

aina

ge)

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Re

sour

ces

&

Envi

ronm

ent

O

R De

wan

Ban

dara

ya

Kual

a Lu

mpu

r (D

BKL)

Min

istr

y of

Fe

dera

l Ter

rito

ries

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

(D

epar

tmet

n of

Irri

gatio

n &

Dra

inag

e)

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Res

ourc

es &

En

viro

nmen

t

Wat

ers

Act 1

920

(Act

41

8)

Fore

st R

eser

veFo

rest

ry D

epar

tmen

t M

inis

try

of N

atur

al R

esou

rces

& E

nvir

onm

ent

Nat

iona

l For

estr

y Ac

t 19

84 (A

men

dmen

t 19

93)

Rest

rict

ed Z

ones

M

inis

try

of H

ome

Affai

rsPr

otec

ted

Area

s An

d Pr

otec

ted

Plac

es A

ct 1

959

22 Annexes

Tabl

e 3-

2: In

stit

utio

nal M

ap: F

eder

al T

erri

tory

of P

utra

jaya

Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Serv

ice

Del

iver

yRe

gula

tor

Dat

a D

epos

itor

yLe

gisl

atio

n

Zoni

ng &

Lan

d us

eSe

lang

or S

tate

Go

vern

men

tJa

bata

n Pe

ranc

anga

n Fi

zika

l Per

bada

nan

Putr

ajay

a M

inis

try

of F

eder

al T

erri

tori

es

Tow

n An

d Co

untr

y Pl

anni

ng A

ct 1

976

[Act

17

2]

Amen

dmen

ts

Road

Net

wor

k

Priv

ate

Hig

hway

sM

inis

try

of W

orks

Lem

baga

Leb

uhra

ya

Mal

aysi

a Pr

ivat

e Co

nces

sion

aire

Lem

baga

Leb

uhra

ya

Mal

aysi

a Pr

ivat

e Co

nces

sion

aire

Act 2

31 H

ighw

ay

Auth

ority

Mal

aysi

a (I

ncor

pora

tion)

Act

198

0

Fede

ral H

ighw

ays

/ Ro

ads

Min

istr

y of

Wor

ksJa

bata

n Ke

rja

Raya

(D

epar

tmen

t of

Publ

ic W

orks

)

Jaba

tan

Kerj

a Ra

ya (D

epar

tmen

t of P

ublic

Wor

ks)

Min

istr

y of

Wor

ksFe

dera

l Roa

d Ac

t 195

9

Mun

icip

al R

oads

Min

istr

y of

Fed

eral

Te

rrito

ries

Perb

adan

an P

utra

jaya

M

inis

try

of F

eder

al T

erri

tori

es

Road

Tra

nspo

rt A

ct 1

987

Stre

et, D

rain

age

and

Build

ing

Act 1

974

(199

4)

Tran

spor

t Net

wor

k

Publ

ic P

arki

ngM

inis

try

of F

eder

al

Terr

itori

esPe

rbad

anan

Put

raja

ya O

R Pr

ivat

e De

velo

pers

Perb

adan

an

Putr

ajay

a M

inis

try

of F

eder

al

Terr

itori

es

Perb

adan

an P

utra

jaya

Priv

ate

Park

ing

Min

istr

y of

Fed

eral

Te

rrito

ries

Perb

adan

an

Putr

ajay

a O

R Pr

ivat

e De

velo

pers

Perb

adan

an

Putr

ajay

a O

R Pr

ivat

e De

velo

pers

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rsPe

rbad

anan

Pu

traj

aya

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rs

Lice

nsin

g of

Pri

vate

Ca

rpar

ks (F

eder

al

Terr

itory

of P

utra

jaya

) By

- Law

s 20

02

Bus

Net

wor

k &

St

atio

nsSu

ruha

njay

a Pe

ngan

gkut

an A

wam

Dar

at (S

PAD)

Perb

adan

an

Putr

ajay

a M

inis

try

of F

eder

al

Terr

itori

es

Suru

hanj

aya

Peng

angk

utan

Aw

am D

arat

(S

PAD)

Land

Pub

lic T

rans

port

Ac

t 201

0

Rail

Net

wor

k &

St

atio

nsSu

ruha

njay

a Pe

ngan

gkut

an A

wam

Dar

at

(SPA

D)

Publ

icly

ow

ned

Co

rpor

atio

ns

MRT

Cor

p KT

MB

(Ker

etap

i Ta

nah

Mel

ayu

Berh

ad)

MyR

apid

(LRT

&

Mon

orai

l)

Publ

icly

ow

ned

Co

rpor

atio

ns

MRT

Cor

p KT

MB

(Ker

etap

i Ta

nah

Mel

ayu

Berh

ad)

MyR

apid

(LRT

&

Mon

orai

l)

Suru

hanj

aya

Peng

angk

utan

Aw

am D

arat

(SPA

D)

Publ

icly

ow

ned

Co

rpor

atio

ns

MRT

Cor

p KT

MB

(Ker

etap

i Ta

nah

Mel

ayu

Berh

ad)

MyR

apid

(LRT

&

Mon

orai

l)

Land

Pub

lic T

rans

port

Ac

t 201

0

Taxi

sSu

ruha

njay

a Pe

ngan

gkut

an A

wam

Dar

at (S

PAD)

Land

Pub

lic T

rans

port

Ac

t 201

0


Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Serv

ice

Del

iver

yRe

gula

tor

Dat

a D

epos

itor

yLe

gisl

atio

n

Oth

er L

and

Publ

ic

Tran

spor

tSu

ruha

njay

a Pe

ngan

gkut

an A

wam

Dar

at (S

PAD)

Land

Pub

lic T

rans

port

Ac

t 201

0

Airp

orts

Depa

rtm

ent o

f Civ

il Av

iatio

n

Min

istr

y of

Tra

nspo

rtM

alay

sia

Airp

orts

Hol

ding

s Be

rhad

Depa

rtm

ent O

f Civ

il Av

iatio

n

Min

istr

y O

f Tra

nspo

rtCi

vil A

viat

ion

Act 1

969

Cycl

ing

Net

wor

kM

inis

try

of F

eder

al

Terr

itori

esPe

rbad

anan

Put

raja

ya

Min

istr

y of

Fed

eral

Ter

rito

ries

Perb

adan

an P

utra

jaya

Pede

stri

an N

etw

ork

Min

istr

y of

Fed

eral

Te

rrito

ries

Perb

adan

an P

utra

jaya

M

inis

try

of F

eder

al T

erri

tori

esPe

rbad

anan

Put

raja

ya

Drai

nage

&

Irri

gatio

n (F

lood

M

itiga

tion)

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Re

sour

ces

&

Envi

ronm

ent

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

(D

epar

tmen

t of I

rrig

atio

n &

Dra

inag

e)

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Res

ourc

es &

En

viro

nmen

t

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

(D

epar

tmen

t of

Irri

gatio

n &

Dr

aina

ge)

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Re

sour

ces

&

Envi

ronm

ent

OR

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

AND/

OR

Sela

ngor

Sta

te

Gov

ernm

ent

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

(D

epar

tmen

t of I

rrig

atio

n &

Dra

inag

e)

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Res

ourc

es &

En

viro

nmen

t

Drai

nage

Wor

ks A

ct 1

954

(198

8)

Drai

nage

&

Irri

gatio

n (L

ocal

Dr

aina

ge N

etw

ork)

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Re

sour

ces

&

Envi

ronm

ent

Mun

icip

al O

R Pr

ivat

e De

velo

pers

Perb

adan

an P

utra

jaya

Stre

et, D

rain

age

and

Build

ing

Act 1

974

(199

4)

Loca

l Gov

ernm

ent A

ct

(197

6): (

Peni

nsul

ar)

Tow

n an

d Co

untr

y Pl

anni

ng A

ct 1

976

Sew

erag

e

Suru

hanj

aya

Perk

hidm

atan

Ai

r Neg

ara

- SP

AN (N

atio

nal

Wat

er S

ervi

ces

Com

mis

sion

Jaba

tan

Perk

hidm

atan

Pe

mbe

ntun

gan

(Sew

erag

e Se

rvic

es

Depa

rtm

ent)

M

inis

try

of E

nerg

y,

Gre

en T

echn

olog

y &

Wat

er (K

ETTH

A)

Inda

h W

ater

Kon

sort

ium

(IW

K)

Suru

hanj

aya

Perk

hidm

atan

Ai

r Neg

ara

- SP

AN (N

atio

nal

Wat

er S

ervi

ces

Com

mis

sion

)

Inda

h W

ater

Ko

nsor

tium

(IW

K)

Sew

erag

e Se

rvic

es A

ct

1993

(Act

508

) Ac

t 654

Sur

uhan

jaya

Pe

rkhi

dmat

an A

ir N

egar

a Ac

t 200

6

24 Annexes

Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Serv

ice

Del

iver

yRe

gula

tor

Dat

a D

epos

itor

yLe

gisl

atio

n

Solid

Was

te

(Col

lect

ion)

Min

istr

y of

Urb

an

Wel

lbei

ng, H

ousi

ng

& L

ocal

Gov

ernm

ent

Jaba

tan

Peng

urus

an

Sisa

Pep

ejal

Neg

ara

(Nat

iona

l Sol

id

Was

te M

anag

emen

t De

part

men

t)

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

& L

ocal

G

over

nmen

t

Perb

adan

an P

engu

rusa

n Si

sa P

epej

al d

an

Pem

bers

ihan

Aw

am (P

PSPP

A)

Min

istr

y of

Urb

an W

ellb

eing

, Hou

sing

&

Loca

l Gov

ernm

ent

Jaba

tan

Peng

urus

an

Sisa

Pep

ejal

Neg

ara

(Nat

iona

l Sol

id

Was

te M

anag

emen

t De

part

men

t)

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

& L

ocal

G

over

nmen

t

Perb

adan

an

Peng

urus

an

Sisa

Pep

ejal

dan

Pe

mbe

rsih

an A

wam

(P

PSPP

A)

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

& L

ocal

G

over

nmen

t

Solid

Was

te A

nd P

ublic

Cl

eans

ing

Man

agem

ent C

orpo

ratio

n Ac

t 200

7 (A

ct 6

73)

Solid

Was

te

(Dis

posa

l - P

ublic

)

Min

istr

y of

Urb

an

Wel

lbei

ng, H

ousi

ng

& L

ocal

Gov

ernm

ent

Jaba

tan

Peng

urus

an S

isa

Pepe

jal N

egar

a

(Nat

iona

l Sol

id W

aste

Man

agem

ent

Depa

rtm

ent)

M

inis

try

of U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng, H

ousi

ng &

Lo

cal G

over

nmen

t

Perb

adan

an

Putr

ajay

a M

inis

try

of F

eder

al

Terr

itor

y

Jaba

tan

Alam

Se

kita

r (D

epar

tmen

t of

Envi

ronm

ent)

M

inis

try

of N

atur

al

Reso

urce

s an

d En

viro

nmen

t

Jaba

tan

Peng

urus

an

Sisa

Pep

ejal

Neg

ara

(Nat

iona

l Sol

id

Was

te M

anag

emen

t De

part

men

t)

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

& L

ocal

G

over

nmen

t

Act 6

72 S

olid

Was

te

and

Publ

ic C

lean

sing

M

anag

emen

t Act

200

7

(effl

uent

)

Solid

Was

te

(Dis

posa

l - P

riva

te)

Min

istr

y of

Urb

an

Wel

lbei

ng, H

ousi

ng

& L

ocal

Gov

ernm

ent

Jaba

tan

Peng

urus

an

Sisa

Pep

ejal

Neg

ara

(Nat

iona

l Sol

id

Was

te M

anag

emen

t De

part

men

t)

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

& L

ocal

G

over

nmen

t

Priv

ate

Conc

essi

onai

re

Jaba

tan

Alam

Se

kita

r (D

epar

tmen

t of

Envi

ronm

ent)

M

inis

try

of N

atur

al

Reso

urce

s an

d En

viro

nmen

t

Jaba

tan

Peng

urus

an

Sisa

Pep

ejal

Neg

ara

(Nat

iona

l Sol

id

Was

te M

anag

emen

t De

part

men

t)

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

& L

ocal

G

over

nmen

t

Act 6

72 S

olid

Was

te

and

Publ

ic C

lean

sing

M

anag

emen

t Act

200

7 L

ocal

Gov

ernm

ent

(Am

endm

ent)

Act

200

7

Wat

er

Suru

hanj

aya

Perk

hidm

atan

Ai

r Neg

ara

- SP

AN (N

atio

nal

Wat

er S

ervi

ces

Com

mis

sion

)

Jaba

tan

Beka

lan

Air

(Sew

erag

e Se

rvic

es

Depa

rtm

ent)

M

inis

try

of E

nerg

y,

Gre

en T

echn

olog

y &

Wat

er (K

ETTH

A)

Syar

ikat

Bek

alan

Air

Sel

ango

r (SY

ABAS

)

Suru

hanj

aya

Perk

hidm

atan

Ai

r Neg

ara

- SP

AN (N

atio

nal

Wat

er S

ervi

ces

Com

mis

sion

)

Sya

rika

t Bek

alan

Ai

r Sel

ango

r Bhd

(S

yaba

s), P

unca

k N

iaga

Sdn

Bhd

(P

NSB

), Ko

nsor

tium

Ab

bas

Sdn

Bhd

(Abb

as) a

nd

Syar

ikat

Pen

gelu

ar

Air S

elan

gor

Hol

ding

s Bh

d (S

plas

h).

Act 6

54 –

Sur

uhan

jaya

Pe

rkhi

dmat

an A

ir N

egar

a Ac

t 200

6 Ac

t 655

Wat

er S

ervi

ce

Indu

stry

ACT

200

6

Tabl

e 3-

2 Co

ntin

ued


Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Serv

ice

Del

iver

yRe

gula

tor

Dat

a D

epos

itor

yLe

gisl

atio

n

Elec

tric

ity N

etw

ork

(Dis

trib

utio

n)Su

ruha

njay

a Te

naga

Tena

ga N

asio

nal

Berh

ad

Tena

ga N

asio

nal

Berh

ad O

R Pr

ivat

e De

velo

per

Tena

ga N

asio

nal

Berh

adSu

ruha

njay

a Te

naga

Tena

ga N

asio

nal

Berh

ad

Act 6

10 E

nerg

y Co

mm

issi

on A

ct 2

001

Act 4

47 E

lect

rici

ty

Supp

ly A

ct 1

990

Tele

com

mun

ica-

tions

Net

wor

k M

alay

sia

Com

mun

icat

ions

and

Mul

timed

ia

Com

mis

sion

Priv

ate

Tele

com

mun

icat

ions

Com

pani

esM

alay

sia

Com

mun

icat

ions

and

Mul

timed

ia

Com

mis

sion

Com

mun

icat

ions

and

M

ultim

edia

Act

199

8 Co

mm

unic

atio

ns a

nd

Mul

timed

ia C

omm

issi

on

Act (

1998

)

Gas

Supp

lySu

ruha

njay

a Te

naga

Gas

Mal

aysi

a Be

rhad

( M

MC

Com

pany

)Su

ruha

njay

a Te

naga

Gas

Mal

aysi

a Be

rhad

( M

MC

Com

pany

)Ga

s Su

pply

Act

199

3

Publ

ic B

uild

ings

and

Cor

e U

rban

Ser

vice

s

Publ

ic M

arke

ts &

H

awke

rsPe

rbad

anan

Put

raja

ya

Min

istr

y of

Fed

eral

Ter

rito

ries

Perb

adan

an

Putr

ajay

a M

inis

try

of F

eder

al

Terr

itori

es A

ND/

OR

Jaba

tan

Alam

Se

kita

r (D

epar

tmen

t of

Envi

ronm

ent)

M

inis

try

of N

atur

al

Reso

urce

s an

d En

viro

nmen

t

Perb

adan

an

Putr

ajay

a M

inis

try

of F

eder

al

Terr

itori

es

Mar

ket (

Fede

ral T

erri

tory

of

Put

raja

ya) B

y- L

aws

2003

Ope

n Sp

aces

&

Publ

ic P

arks

Perb

adan

an P

utra

jaya

Min

istr

y of

Fed

eral

Ter

rito

ries

Polic

e St

atio

ns

Min

istr

y of

Hom

e Aff

airs

AN

D/O

R

Jaba

tan

Pera

ncan

g Ba

ndar

dan

Des

a

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

and

Loc

al

Gov

ernm

ent

Polis

Dir

aja

Mal

aysi

a

(Pol

ice

Depa

rtm

ent)

Min

istr

y of

Hom

e Aff

airs

Min

istr

y of

Hom

e Aff

airs

Fire

Sta

tions

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

and

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent

Fire

Dep

artm

ent (

BOM

BA)

Min

istr

y of

Urb

an W

ellb

eing

, Hou

sing

and

Loc

al G

over

nmen

tFi

re S

ervi

ces

Act 1

988

(Act

341

)

26 Annexes

Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Serv

ice

Del

iver

yRe

gula

tor

Dat

a D

epos

itor

yLe

gisl

atio

n

Hos

pita

ls a

nd

Med

ical

Car

e

Min

istr

y of

Hea

lth

AND/

OR

Ja

bata

n Pe

ranc

ang

Band

ar d

an D

esa

M

inis

try

of

Urb

an W

ellb

eing

, H

ousi

ng a

nd L

ocal

G

over

nmen

t

Baha

gian

Pem

bang

unan

M

inis

try

of H

ealt

h O

R Pr

ivat

e H

ospi

tal

Min

istr

y of

Hea

lth

OR

Priv

ate

Hos

pita

lM

inis

try

of H

ealth

Scho

ols

Min

istr

y of

Edu

catio

n

Inst

itute

of H

ighe

r Le

arni

ngM

inis

try

of H

ighe

r Edu

catio

n

Libr

arie

sM

inis

try

of In

form

atio

n, C

omm

unic

atio

n an

d Cu

lture

Art &

Cul

tura

l Ce

nter

sM

inis

try

of In

form

atio

n, C

omm

unic

atio

n an

d Cu

lture

Hot

els

Min

istr

y of

Tou

rism

&

Cul

ture

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rsM

inis

try

of T

ouri

sm &

Cul

ture

Innk

eepe

rs A

ct 1

952

Hom

es, N

urse

ries

&

Kind

erga

rden

s

Min

istr

y of

W

omen

, Fam

ily

& C

omm

unit

y D

evel

opm

ent

Wel

fare

Dep

artm

ent

Min

istr

y of

W

omen

, Fam

ily

& C

omm

unit

y D

evel

opm

ent

Priv

ate

Busi

ness

Ow

ner

Wel

fare

Dep

artm

ent

Min

istr

y of

W

omen

, Fam

ily

& C

omm

unit

y D

evel

opm

ent

Min

istr

y of

W

omen

, Fam

ily

& C

omm

unit

y D

evel

opm

ent

Act 3

08 C

hild

Car

e Ce

ntre

Act

198

4

Com

mun

ity

Cent

ers

(Inc

ludi

ng

Spor

ts F

acili

ties,

M

ultip

urpo

se H

alls

, et

c)

Perb

adan

an P

utra

jaya

M

inis

try

of F

eder

al T

erri

tori

es

Publ

ic H

ousi

ng-P

PR

(Fun

ded

Fede

ral)

Jaba

tan

Peru

mah

an N

egar

aPe

rbad

anan

Put

raja

ya

Min

istr

y of

Fed

eral

Ter

rito

ries

PR1M

A (P

riva

te)

Jaba

tan

Peru

mah

an

Neg

ara

PR1M

AJM

BPR

1MA

Publ

ic S

erva

nt

Hou

sing

(PPA

1M)

Jaba

tan

Peru

mah

an N

egar

aJM

B

Rum

ah W

ilaya

h Pe

rsek

utua

n (F

eder

al H

ousi

ng)

Min

istr

y of

Fed

eral

Te

rrito

ries

Jaba

tan

Peru

mah

an N

egar

aJM

B

Adve

rtis

emen

ts

Perb

adan

an

Putr

ajay

a M

inis

try

of F

eder

al

Terr

itori

es

Priv

ate

Com

pani

es

Perb

adan

an

Putr

ajay

a M

inis

try

of F

eder

al

Terr

itori

es

Priv

ate

Com

pani

esAd

vert

isem

ent(

Fede

ral

Terr

itory

of P

utra

jaya

) By

- Law

s 20

02

Tabl

e 3-

2 Co

ntin

ued


Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Serv

ice

Del

iver

yRe

gula

tor

Dat

a D

epos

itor

yLe

gisl

atio

n

Traffi

c M

anag

emen

t/

Cong

estio

n Co

ntro

l an

d M

onito

ring

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ku

ala

Lum

pur

(DBK

L) M

inis

try

of

Fede

ral T

erri

tori

es

AND

/OR

Polic

e Di

raja

Mal

aysi

a (P

DRM

) Min

istr

y of

H

ome

Affai

rs

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Kua

la L

umpu

r (DB

KL) M

inis

try

of F

eder

al T

erri

tori

es

Land

Val

uatio

ns

(Put

raja

ya

Hol

ding

s)Pr

oper

ty M

anag

emen

t & L

and

Valu

atio

n De

part

men

t (DB

KL)

Land

Val

uatio

ns

(Fed

eral

Lan

d) V

alua

tion

and

Prop

erty

Ser

vice

s De

part

men

t. M

inis

try

of F

inan

ce

Build

ing

Cont

rol

Com

mer

cial

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

and

Lo

cal G

over

nmen

t AN

D Pe

rbad

anan

Pu

traj

aya

Min

istr

y of

Fed

eral

Te

rrito

ries

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rsPr

ivat

e O

wne

rs/

JMB

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

and

Lo

cal G

over

nmen

t AN

D Pe

rbad

anan

Pu

traj

aya

Min

istr

y of

Fed

eral

Te

rrito

ries

Perb

adan

an

Putr

ajay

a M

inis

try

of F

eder

al

Terr

itori

es

1. S

tree

t, Dr

aina

ge A

nd

Build

ing

Act 1

974

2.

Uni

form

Bui

ldin

g By

La

ws

Sela

ngor

3.

Bui

ldin

g An

d Co

mm

on

Prop

erty

(Mai

nten

ance

An

d M

anag

emen

t) A

ct

2007

[Act

663

]

Resi

dent

ial

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

and

Lo

cal G

over

nmen

t AN

D Pe

rbad

anan

Pu

traj

aya

Min

istr

y of

Fed

eral

Te

rrito

ries

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rsPr

ivat

e O

wne

rs/

JMB

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

and

Lo

cal G

over

nmen

t AN

D Pe

rbad

anan

Pu

traj

aya

Min

istr

y of

Fed

eral

Te

rrito

ries

Perb

adan

an

Putr

ajay

a M

inis

try

of F

eder

al

Terr

itori

es

1. S

tree

t, Dr

aina

ge A

nd

Build

ing

Act 1

974

2.

Uni

form

Bui

ldin

g By

La

ws

Sela

ngor

3.

Hou

sing

Dev

elop

men

t (C

ontr

ol A

nd L

icen

sing

) 19

66 [A

ct 1

18]

4. B

uild

ing

And

Com

mon

Pr

oper

ty (M

aint

enan

ce

And

Man

agem

ent)

Act

20

07 [A

ct 6

63]

28 Annexes

Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Serv

ice

Del

iver

yRe

gula

tor

Dat

a D

epos

itor

yLe

gisl

atio

n

Publ

ic B

uild

ings

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

and

Lo

cal G

over

nmen

t AN

D Pe

rbad

anan

Pu

traj

aya

Min

istr

y of

Fed

eral

Te

rrito

ries

Resp

ectiv

e M

inis

trie

s

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

and

Lo

cal G

over

nmen

t AN

D Pe

rbad

anan

Pu

traj

aya

Min

istr

y of

Fed

eral

Te

rrito

ries

Perb

adan

an

Putr

ajay

a M

inis

try

of F

eder

al

Terr

itori

es

1. S

tree

t, Dr

aina

ge A

nd

Build

ing

Act 1

974

2.

Uni

form

Bui

ldin

g By

La

ws

Sela

ngor

Her

itage

Bui

ldin

gs

Her

itage

Co

mm

issi

on

Mal

aysi

a AN

D/O

R Pe

rbad

anan

Pu

traj

aya

Min

istr

y of

Fed

eral

Te

rrito

ries

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rs/

Resp

ectiv

e M

inis

try

Her

itage

Com

mis

sion

Mal

aysi

a AN

D/O

R Pe

rbad

anan

Put

raja

ya M

inis

try

of F

eder

al

Terr

itori

es

Nat

iona

l Her

itage

Act

20

05

No

Fly

Zone

s (B

uild

ing

Hei

ghts

)

Min

istr

y of

Tr

ansp

ort

(Dep

artm

ent o

f Av

iati

on) A

ND

Pe

rbad

anan

Pu

traj

aya

Min

istr

y of

Fed

eral

Te

rrit

orie

s

Min

istr

y of

Tr

ansp

ort

(Dep

artm

ent o

f Av

iati

on)

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rsM

inis

try

of T

rans

port

(Dep

artm

ent o

f Av

iatio

n) A

ND

Perb

adan

an P

utra

jaya

M

inis

try

of F

eder

al T

erri

tori

es

Spec

ial R

eser

ves

/ Zo

nes

Cont

rol

Spec

ial E

cono

mic

Zo

ne (E

.G T

RX

Exch

ange

)M

inis

try

of F

inan

ce

Mul

timed

ia S

uper

Co

rrid

or Z

ones

Min

istr

y of

Fin

ance

AN

D

Mul

timed

ia D

evel

opm

ent C

orpo

ratio

n

Her

itage

Zon

es

Her

itage

Co

mm

issi

on

Mal

aysi

a AN

D/O

R Pe

rbad

anan

Pu

traj

aya

Min

istr

y of

Fed

eral

Te

rrito

ries

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rs/

Resp

ectiv

e M

inis

try

Her

itage

Com

mis

sion

Mal

aysi

a AN

D/O

R Pe

rbad

anan

Put

raja

ya M

inis

try

of F

eder

al

Terr

itori

es

Nat

iona

l Her

itage

Act

20

05

Tabl

e 3-

2 Co

ntin

ued


Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Serv

ice

Del

iver

yRe

gula

tor

Dat

a D

epos

itor

yLe

gisl

atio

n

Rive

r Res

erve

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

(D

epar

tmet

n of

Irri

gatio

n &

Dra

inag

e)

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Res

ourc

es &

En

viro

nmen

t

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

(D

epar

tmet

n of

Irri

gatio

n &

Dr

aina

ge)

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Re

sour

ces

&

Envi

ronm

ent

O

R Pr

ivat

e De

velo

pers

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

(D

epar

tmet

n of

Irri

gatio

n &

Dr

aina

ge)

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Re

sour

ces

&

Envi

ronm

ent

O

R Pe

rbad

anan

Pu

traj

aya

Min

istr

y of

Fed

eral

Te

rrito

ries

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

(D

epar

tmet

n of

Irri

gatio

n &

Dra

inag

e)

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Res

ourc

es &

En

viro

nmen

t

Wat

ers

Act 1

920

(Act

41

8)

Eart

hwor

ks (P

erba

dana

n Pu

traj

aya)

By-

Law

s 19

96

Fore

st R

eser

veFo

rest

ry D

epar

tmen

t M

inis

try

of N

atur

al R

esou

rces

& E

nvir

onm

ent

Nat

iona

l For

estr

y Ac

t 19

84 (A

men

dmen

t 199

3)

Rest

rict

ed Z

ones

M

inis

try

of H

ome

Affai

rsPr

otec

ted

Area

s An

d Pr

otec

ted

Plac

es A

ct 1

959

30 Annexes

Tabl

e 3-

3: In

stit

utio

nal M

ap: S

elan

gor

Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Serv

ice

Del

iver

yRe

gula

tor

Dat

a D

epos

itor

yLe

gisl

atio

n

Zoni

ng &

Lan

d us

eSe

lang

or S

tate

Go

vern

men

tJa

bata

n Pe

ranc

anga

n &

Pem

bang

unan

M

ajlis

Per

band

aran

Jaba

tan

Pera

ncan

gan

& P

emba

ngun

an

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an A

ND/

OR

Sela

ngor

Sta

te G

over

nmen

t

Jaba

tan

Pera

ncan

gan

&

Pem

bang

unan

M

ajlis

Per

band

aran

Tow

n An

d Co

untr

y Pl

anni

ng A

ct 1

976

[Act

17

2]

Amen

dmen

ts

Road

Net

wor

k (i

nclu

des

Stre

et L

ight

ing)

Priv

ate

Hig

hway

sM

inis

try

of W

orks

Lem

baga

Leb

uhra

ya

Mal

aysi

a Pr

ivat

e Co

nces

sion

aire

Lem

baga

Leb

uhra

ya

Mal

aysi

a Pr

ivat

e Co

nces

sion

aire

Act 2

31 H

ighw

ay

Auth

ority

Mal

aysi

a (I

ncor

pora

tion)

Act

19

80

Fede

ral H

ighw

ays

/ Ro

ads

Min

istr

y of

Wor

ksJa

bata

n Ke

rja

Raya

(Dep

artm

ent o

f Pub

lic W

orks

) M

inis

try

of W

orks

Fede

ral R

oad

Act 1

959

Stat

e Ro

ads

Sela

ngor

Sta

te

Gove

rnm

ent

Jaba

tan

Keju

rute

raan

M

ajlis

Per

band

aran

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an A

ND/

OR

Sela

ngor

Sta

te G

over

nmen

t

Jaba

tan

Pera

ncan

gan

&

Pem

bang

unan

M

ajlis

Per

band

aran

Road

Tra

nspo

rt A

ct

1987

St

reet

, Dra

inag

e an

d Bu

ildin

g Ac

t 197

4 (1

994)

Tran

spor

t Net

wor

k

Publ

ic P

arki

ngSe

lang

or S

tate

Go

vern

men

tM

unic

ipal

OR

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rs

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

AND/

OR

Sela

ngor

Sta

te

Gove

rnm

ent

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

Publ

ic C

ar P

arki

ng

By-L

aws

(MPS

J) 20

07

Tran

spor

tatio

n O

rder

(C

ar P

ark

Allo

catio

n Ro

ad) (

MPA

J) 20

07


Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Serv

ice

Del

iver

yRe

gula

tor

Dat

a D

epos

itor

yLe

gisl

atio

n

Priv

ate

Park

ing

Sela

ngor

Sta

te

Gove

rnm

ent

Mun

icip

al O

R Pr

ivat

e De

velo

pers

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rs

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

anPr

ivat

e De

velo

pers

Priv

ate

Car P

arks

Li

cens

ing

By-L

aws

(MBP

J) 20

07

Priv

ate

Car P

ark

Lice

nsin

g (M

PAJ)

(Am

endm

ent)

200

7 Pr

ivat

e Ve

hicl

es

Park

ing

Spac

e Li

cens

ing

By-L

aw

(MPK

J) (A

men

dmen

t)

2007

Pr

ivat

e Ca

r Par

k Li

cens

ing

(MPS

epan

g)

2005

Pr

ivat

e Ca

r Par

k Li

cens

ing

(MPS

) 200

5 By

law

For

Pri

vate

Ca

rpar

k Li

cens

e (M

PK)

2005

Bus

Net

wor

k &

St

atio

nsSu

ruha

njay

a Pe

ngan

gkut

an A

wam

Dar

at (S

PAD)

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

AND/

OR

Sela

ngor

Sta

te

Gove

rnm

ent

Suru

hanj

aya

Peng

angk

utan

Aw

am D

arat

(S

PAD)

Land

Pub

lic T

rans

port

Ac

t 201

0

Rail

Net

wor

k &

St

atio

nsSu

ruha

njay

a Pe

ngan

gkut

an A

wam

Dar

at

(SPA

D)Fe

dera

l ow

ned

Cor

pora

tions

KT

MB

(Ker

etap

i Tan

ah M

elay

u Be

rhad

)

Suru

hanj

aya

Peng

angk

utan

Aw

am D

arat

(SPA

D)

KTM

B (K

eret

api

Tana

h M

elay

u Be

rhad

)

Land

Pub

lic T

rans

port

Ac

t 201

0

Taxi

s &

Tax

i Sto

pSu

ruha

njay

a Pe

ngan

gkut

an A

wam

Dar

at (S

PAD)

Land

Pub

lic T

rans

port

Ac

t 201

0

Oth

er L

and

Publ

ic

Tran

spor

tSu

ruha

njay

a Pe

ngan

gkut

an A

wam

Dar

at (S

PAD)

Land

Pub

lic T

rans

port

Ac

t 201

0

Airp

orts

Depa

rtm

ent o

f Civ

il Av

iatio

n

Min

istr

y of

Tra

nspo

rtM

alay

sia

Airp

orts

Hol

ding

s Be

rhad

Depa

rtm

ent o

f Civ

il Av

iatio

n

Min

istr

y of

Tra

nspo

rtCi

vil A

viat

ion

Act 1

969

Cycl

ing

Net

wor

kSe

lang

or S

tate

Go

vern

men

tM

ajlis

Per

band

aran

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

AND/

OR

Sela

ngor

Sta

te

Gove

rnm

ent

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

Pede

stri

an N

etw

ork

Sela

ngor

Sta

te

Gove

rnm

ent

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

AND/

OR

Sela

ngor

Sta

te

Gove

rnm

ent

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

32 Annexes

Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Serv

ice

Del

iver

yRe

gula

tor

Dat

a D

epos

itor

yLe

gisl

atio

n

Drai

nage

& Ir

riga

tion

(Flo

od M

itiga

tion)

- N

on P

riva

tised

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Re

sour

ces

&

Envi

ronm

ent

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

(D

epar

tmen

t of I

rrig

atio

n &

Dra

inag

e)

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Res

ourc

es &

En

viro

nmen

t

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

(D

epar

tmen

t of

Irri

gatio

n &

Dr

aina

ge)

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Re

sour

ces

&

Envi

ronm

ent

OR

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

AND/

OR

Sela

ngor

Sta

te

Gove

rnm

ent

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

(D

epar

tmen

t of I

rrig

atio

n &

Dra

inag

e)

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Res

ourc

es &

En

viro

nmen

t

Drai

nage

Wor

ks A

ct

1954

(198

8)

Drai

nage

& Ir

riga

tion

(Loc

al D

rain

age

Net

wor

k)

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Re

sour

ces

&

Envi

ronm

ent

Mun

icip

al O

R Pr

ivat

e De

velo

pers

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

Stre

et, D

rain

age

and

Build

ing

Act 1

974

(199

4)

Loca

l Gov

ernm

ent A

ct

(197

6): (

Peni

nsul

ar)

Tow

n an

d Co

untr

y Pl

anni

ng A

ct 1

976

Eart

hWor

ks B

y La

w

(MPS

J) 20

07

Sew

erag

e

Suru

hanj

aya

Perk

hidm

atan

Ai

r Neg

ara

- SP

AN (N

atio

nal

Wat

er S

ervi

ces

Com

mis

sion

Jaba

tan

Perk

hidm

atan

Pe

mbe

ntun

gan

(Sew

erag

e Se

rvic

es

Depa

rtm

ent)

M

inis

try

of E

nerg

y,

Gree

n Te

chno

logy

&

Wat

er (K

ETTH

A)

Inda

h W

ater

Kon

sort

ium

(IW

K)

Suru

hanj

aya

Perk

hidm

atan

Ai

r Neg

ara

- SP

AN (N

atio

nal

Wat

er S

ervi

ces

Com

mis

sion

) AN

D

Jaba

tan

Alam

Se

kita

r (D

epar

tmen

t of

Envi

ronm

ent)

M

inis

try

of N

atur

al

Reso

urce

s an

d En

viro

nmen

t

Inda

h W

ater

Ko

nsor

tium

(IW

K)

Sew

erag

e Se

rvic

es A

ct

1993

(Act

508

) Ac

t 654

Sur

uhan

jaya

Pe

rkhi

dmat

an A

ir

Neg

ara

Act 2

006

Tabl

e 3-

3 Co

ntin

ued


Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Serv

ice

Del

iver

yRe

gula

tor

Dat

a D

epos

itor

yLe

gisl

atio

n

Solid

Was

te

(Col

lect

ion)

Sela

ngor

Sta

te

Gove

rnm

ent

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an (M

unic

ipal

ity)

Colle

ctio

n, D

ispo

sal

And

Clea

ranc

e O

f Tra

sh

By-L

aws

(MBP

J) 20

07

Colle

ctio

n, D

ispo

sal

And

Clea

ranc

e O

f Tra

sh

By-L

aws

(MPS

J) 20

07

Was

te C

olle

ctio

n An

d Di

spos

al (M

PAJ)

2007

Co

llect

ion,

Dis

card

And

Di

spos

al O

f Gar

bage

By

-Law

(MPK

J) 20

07

Was

te C

olle

ctio

n An

d Di

spos

al (M

PAJ)

2007

CO

LLEC

TIO

N, D

ISCA

RD

AND

DISP

OSA

L O

F GA

RBAG

E BY

-LAW

(M

BSA)

200

7 CO

LLEC

TIO

N, D

ISCA

RD

AND

DISP

OSA

L O

F Ga

rbag

e By

-Law

(MPS

) 20

07

Colle

ctin

g,Ex

puls

ion

and

Disp

osal

Byl

aw

(MPK

) 200

7

Solid

Was

te (D

ispo

sal

- Pub

lic)

Min

istr

y of

Urb

an

Wel

lbei

ng, H

ousi

ng

& L

ocal

Gov

ernm

ent

Jaba

tan

Peng

urus

an S

isa

Pepe

jal N

egar

a

(Nat

iona

l Sol

id W

aste

Man

agem

ent

Depa

rtm

ent)

M

inis

try

of U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng, H

ousi

ng &

Lo

cal G

over

nmen

t

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

(Mun

icip

ality

)

Jaba

tan

Alam

Se

kita

r (D

epar

tmen

t of

Envi

ronm

ent)

M

inis

try

of N

atur

al

Reso

urce

s an

d En

viro

nmen

t

Jaba

tan

Peng

urus

an

Sisa

Pep

ejal

Neg

ara

(Nat

iona

l Sol

id

Was

te M

anag

emen

t De

part

men

t)

Min

istr

y of

Urb

an

Wel

lbei

ng, H

ousi

ng

& L

ocal

Gov

ernm

ent

Act 6

72 -

Solid

Was

te

and

Publ

ic C

lean

sing

M

anag

emen

t Act

200

7

(effl

uent

)

Solid

Was

te (D

ispo

sal

- Pri

vate

)

Min

istr

y of

Urb

an

Wel

lbei

ng, H

ousi

ng

& L

ocal

Gov

ernm

ent

Jaba

tan

Peng

urus

an

Sisa

Pep

ejal

Neg

ara

(Nat

iona

l Sol

id

Was

te M

anag

emen

t De

part

men

t)

Min

istr

y of

Urb

an

Wel

lbei

ng, H

ousi

ng

& L

ocal

Gov

ernm

ent

Priv

ate

Conc

essi

onai

re

Jaba

tan

Alam

Se

kita

r (D

epar

tmen

t of

Envi

ronm

ent)

M

inis

try

of N

atur

al

Reso

urce

s an

d En

viro

nmen

t

Jaba

tan

Peng

urus

an

Sisa

Pep

ejal

Neg

ara

(Nat

iona

l Sol

id

Was

te M

anag

emen

t De

part

men

t)

Min

istr

y of

Urb

an

Wel

lbei

ng, H

ousi

ng

& L

ocal

Gov

ernm

ent

Act 6

72 -

Solid

Was

te

and

Publ

ic C

lean

sing

M

anag

emen

t Act

200

7 L

ocal

Gov

ernm

ent

(Am

endm

ent)

Act

200

7

34 Annexes

Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Serv

ice

Del

iver

yRe

gula

tor

Dat

a D

epos

itor

yLe

gisl

atio

n

Wat

er

Suru

hanj

aya

Perk

hidm

atan

Ai

r Neg

ara

- SP

AN (N

atio

nal

Wat

er S

ervi

ces

Com

mis

sion

)

Jaba

tan

Beka

lan

Air

(Sew

erag

e Se

rvic

es

Depa

rtm

ent)

M

inis

try

of E

nerg

y,

Gree

n Te

chno

logy

&

Wat

er (K

ETTH

A)

Syar

ikat

Bek

alan

Air

Sel

ango

r Bhd

(S

yaba

s), P

unca

k N

iaga

Sdn

Bhd

(PN

SB),

Kons

ortiu

m A

bbas

Sdn

Bhd

(Abb

as) a

nd

Syar

ikat

Pen

gelu

ar A

ir S

elan

gor H

oldi

ngs

Bhd

(Spl

ash)

.

Suru

hanj

aya

Perk

hidm

atan

Ai

r Neg

ara

- SP

AN (N

atio

nal

Wat

er S

ervi

ces

Com

mis

sion

)

Syar

ikat

Bek

alan

Ai

r Sel

ango

r Bhd

(S

yaba

s), P

unca

k N

iaga

Sdn

Bhd

(P

NSB

), Ko

nsor

tium

Ab

bas

Sdn

Bhd

(Abb

as) a

nd

Syar

ikat

Pen

gelu

ar

Air S

elan

gor

Hol

ding

s Bh

d (S

plas

h).

Act 6

54 –

Sur

uhan

jaya

Pe

rkhi

dmat

an A

ir

Neg

ara

ACT

2006

Ac

t 655

- W

ater

Ser

vice

In

dust

ry A

ct 2

006

Elec

tric

ity N

etw

ork

(Dis

trib

utio

n)Su

ruha

njay

a Te

naga

Tena

ga N

asio

nal

Berh

ad

Tena

ga N

asio

nal

Berh

ad O

R Pr

ivat

e De

velo

per

Tena

ga N

asio

nal

Berh

adSu

ruha

njay

a Te

naga

Tena

ga N

asio

nal

Berh

ad

Act 6

10 -

Ener

gy

Com

mis

sion

Act

200

1 Ac

t 447

- El

ectr

icity

Su

pply

Act

199

0

Tele

com

mun

icat

ions

N

etw

ork

Mal

aysi

a Co

mm

unic

atio

ns a

nd M

ultim

edia

Co

mm

issi

onPr

ivat

e Te

leco

mm

unic

atio

ns C

ompa

nies

Mal

aysi

a Co

mm

unic

atio

ns a

nd M

ultim

edia

Co

mm

issi

on

Com

mun

icat

ions

and

M

ultim

edia

Act

199

8 Co

mm

unic

atio

ns

and

Mul

timed

ia

Com

mis

sion

Act

(199

8)

Gas

Supp

lySu

ruha

njay

a Te

naga

Gas

Mal

aysi

a Be

rhad

( M

MC

Com

pany

)Su

ruha

njay

a Te

naga

Gas

Mal

aysi

a Be

rhad

(MM

C Co

mpa

ny)

Gas

Supp

ly A

ct 1

993

Publ

ic B

uild

ings

and

Ser

vice

s

Tabl

e 3-

3 Co

ntin

ued


Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Serv

ice

Del

iver

yRe

gula

tor

Dat

a D

epos

itor

yLe

gisl

atio

n

Publ

ic M

arke

ts &

H

awke

rsM

ajlis

Per

band

aran

AN

D/O

R Se

lang

or S

tate

Gov

ernm

ent

Mun

icip

al A

ND/

OR

Jaba

tan

Alam

Se

kita

r (D

epar

tmen

t of

Envi

ronm

ent)

M

inis

try

of N

atur

al

Reso

urce

s an

d En

viro

nmen

t

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

Haw

kers

By-

Law

s (M

PSJ)

2007

M

arke

ts B

y-La

ws

(MPS

J) 20

07

Trad

e, B

usin

ess

and

Indu

stri

al B

y-La

ws

(MBP

J) 20

07

Mar

kets

(MPA

J) 20

07

Haw

kers

(MPA

J) 20

07

HAW

KERS

BY-

LAW

(M

PKj)

2007

H

awke

rs (M

PSEP

ANG)

20

07

Mar

kets

(MPS

EPAN

G)

2007

H

awke

rs B

y-La

ws

(MPS

) 200

7 M

arke

ts B

y-La

ws

(MPS

) 20

07

Haw

ker B

ylaw

(MPK

) 20

07

Mar

ket B

ylaw

(MPK

) 20

07

Ope

n Sp

aces

& P

ublic

Pa

rks

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an A

ND/

OR

Sela

ngor

Sta

te G

over

nmen

tM

ajlis

Per

band

aran

Park

(MPA

J) (A

men

dmen

t) 2

007

PARK

S BY

-LAW

(MPK

j)(

Amen

dmen

ts) 2

007

Park

(MPS

EPAN

G)

2005

Pa

rk (M

BSA)

200

5 Pa

rk (M

PS)

2005

Pa

rk B

ylaw

(MPK

) 20

05

36 Annexes

Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Serv

ice

Del

iver

yRe

gula

tor

Dat

a D

epos

itor

yLe

gisl

atio

n

Polic

e St

atio

ns

Min

istr

y of

Hom

e Aff

airs

AN

D/O

R

Jaba

tan

Pera

ncan

g Ba

ndar

dan

Des

a

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

and

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent

Polis

Dir

aja

Mal

aysi

a

(Pol

ice

Depa

rtm

ent)

Min

istr

y of

Hom

e Aff

airs

Min

istr

y of

Hom

e Aff

airs

Fire

Sta

tions

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

and

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent

Fire

Dep

artm

ent (

BOM

BA) M

inis

try

of U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng, H

ousi

ng a

nd L

ocal

Gov

ernm

ent

Fire

Ser

vice

s Ac

t 198

8 (A

ct 3

41)

Hos

pita

ls a

nd

Med

ical

Car

e

Min

istr

y of

Hea

lth

AND/

OR

Ja

bata

n Pe

ranc

ang

Band

ar d

an D

esa

M

inis

try

of

Urb

an W

ellb

eing

, H

ousi

ng a

nd L

ocal

Go

vern

men

t

Baha

gian

Pem

bang

unan

M

inis

try

of H

ealth

OR

Priv

ate

Hos

pita

lM

inis

try

of H

ealth

O

R Pr

ivat

e H

ospi

tal

Min

istr

y of

Hea

lth

Scho

ols

Min

istr

y of

Edu

catio

n

Inst

itute

of H

ighe

r Le

arni

ngM

inis

try

of H

ighe

r Edu

catio

n

Libr

arie

sM

inis

try

of In

form

atio

n, C

omm

unic

atio

n an

d Cu

lture

Art &

Cul

tura

l Cen

ters

Min

istr

y of

Info

rmat

ion,

Com

mun

icat

ion

and

Cultu

re

Hot

els

Min

istr

y of

Tou

rism

&

Cul

ture

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rsM

inis

try

of T

ouri

sm &

Cul

ture

Innk

eepe

rs A

ct 1

952

Hom

es, N

urse

ries

&

Kind

erga

rden

s

Min

istr

y of

W

omen

, Fam

ily

& C

omm

unity

De

velo

pmen

t

Priv

ate

Busi

ness

Ow

ner

Wel

fare

Dep

artm

ent

Min

istr

y of

W

omen

, Fam

ily

& C

omm

unity

De

velo

pmen

t

Min

istr

y of

W

omen

, Fam

ily

& C

omm

unity

De

velo

pmen

t

Act 3

08 C

hild

Car

e Ce

ntre

Act

198

4

Com

mun

ity

Cent

ers

(Inc

ludi

ng

Spor

ts F

acili

ties,

M

ultip

urpo

se H

alls

, et

c)

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an A

ND/

OR

Sela

ngor

Sta

te G

over

nmen

t

Tabl

e 3-

3 Co

ntin

ued


Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Serv

ice

Del

iver

yRe

gula

tor

Dat

a D

epos

itor

yLe

gisl

atio

n

Publ

ic H

ousi

ng-P

PR

(Fun

ded

Fede

ral)

Jaba

tan

Peru

mah

an N

egar

aM

ajlis

Per

band

aran

Publ

ic H

ousi

ng-P

PR

(Sta

te F

unde

d)Le

mba

ga P

erum

ahan

& H

arta

nah

Sela

ngor

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

Adve

rtis

emen

ts

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

AND/

OR

Sela

ngor

Sta

te

Gove

rnm

ent

Priv

ate

Com

pani

es

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

AND/

OR

Sela

ngor

Sta

te

Gove

rnm

ent

Priv

ate

Com

pani

es

Adve

rtis

emen

t By-

Law

s (M

BPJ)

2007

Ad

vert

isem

ent (

MPA

J) 20

07

ADVE

RTIS

EMEN

T BY

-LAW

(MPK

j)200

7 A

dver

tisem

ent

(MPS

EPAN

G) 2

007

Adv

ertis

emen

t (M

BSA)

20

07

Adv

ertis

emen

t (M

PS)

2005

Ad

vert

isem

ent B

ylaw

(M

PK) 2

007

Traffi

c M

anag

emen

t/

Cong

estio

n Co

ntro

l an

d M

onito

ring

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

(Loc

al M

unic

ipal

) A

ND/

OR

Polic

e Di

raja

Mal

aysi

a (P

DRM

)

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an A

ND/

OR

Sela

ngor

Sta

te G

over

nmen

t

Land

Val

uatio

ns

(Sta

te L

and)

Valu

atio

n an

d Pr

oper

ty M

anag

emen

t Dep

artm

ent (

Mun

icip

al)

Loca

l Gov

ernm

ent A

ct

171

Land

Val

uatio

ns

(Fed

eral

Lan

d)Va

luat

ion

and

Prop

erty

Ser

vice

s De

part

men

t, M

inis

try

of F

inan

ce

Build

ing

Cont

rol

Com

mer

cial

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

and

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent A

ND

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

(Mun

icip

al)

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rsPr

ivat

e O

wne

rs/

JMB

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

and

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent A

ND

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

(Mun

icip

al)

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

1. S

tree

t, Dr

aina

ge A

nd

Build

ing

Act 1

974

2.

Uni

form

ed B

uild

ing

Byla

w (S

elan

gor)

198

6 3.

Bui

ldin

g an

d Co

mm

on P

rope

rty

(Mai

nten

ance

and

M

anag

emen

t) A

ct 2

007

[Act

663

] Ro

ad, D

rain

and

Bu

ildin

g (M

PSEP

ANG)

20

05

38 Annexes

Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Serv

ice

Del

iver

yRe

gula

tor

Dat

a D

epos

itor

yLe

gisl

atio

n

Resi

dent

ial

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

and

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent A

ND

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

(Mun

icip

al)

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rsPr

ivat

e O

wne

rs/

JMB

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

and

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent A

ND

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

(Mun

icip

al)

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

1. S

tree

t, Dr

aina

ge A

nd

Build

ing

Act 1

974

2.

Uni

form

ed B

uild

ing

Byla

w (S

elan

gor)

198

6 3.

Hou

sing

De

velo

pmen

t (Co

ntro

l an

d Li

cens

ing)

196

6 [A

ct 1

18]

4. B

uild

ing

and

Com

mon

Pro

pert

y (M

aint

enan

ce a

nd

Man

agem

ent)

Act

200

7 [A

ct 6

63]

Road

, Dra

in a

nd

Build

ing

(MPS

EPAN

G)

2005

Publ

ic B

uild

ings

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

and

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent A

ND

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

(Mun

icip

al)

Resp

ectiv

e M

inis

trie

s

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

and

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent A

ND

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

(Mun

icip

al)

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

1. S

tree

t, Dr

aina

ge A

nd

Build

ing

Act 1

974

2.

Uni

form

ed B

uild

ing

Byla

w (S

elan

gor)

198

6 Ro

ad, D

rain

and

Bu

ildin

g (M

PSEP

ANG)

20

05

Her

itage

Bui

ldin

gs

Her

itage

Co

mm

issi

on

Mal

aysi

a AN

D/O

R M

ajlis

Per

band

aran

(M

unic

ipal

)

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rs/

Resp

ectiv

e M

inis

try

Her

itage

Com

mis

sion

Mal

aysi

a AN

D/O

R M

ajlis

Per

band

aran

(Mun

icip

al)

Nat

iona

l Her

itage

Act

20

05

No

Fly

Zone

s (B

uild

ing

Hei

ghts

)

Min

istr

y of

Tr

ansp

ort

(Dep

artm

ent o

f Av

iatio

n) A

ND

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

(Mun

icip

al)

Min

istr

y of

Tr

ansp

ort

(Dep

artm

ent o

f Av

iatio

n)

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rsM

inis

try

of T

rans

port

(Dep

artm

ent

of A

viat

ion)

AN

D M

ajlis

Per

band

aran

(M

unic

ipal

)

Tabl

e 3-

3 Co

ntin

ued


Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Serv

ice

Del

iver

yRe

gula

tor

Dat

a D

epos

itor

yLe

gisl

atio

n

Spec

ial R

eser

ves

/ Zo

nes

Cont

rol

Spec

ial E

cono

mic

Zo

ne (E

.G T

RX

Exch

ange

)M

inis

try

of F

inan

ce

Mul

timed

ia S

uper

Co

rrid

or Z

ones

Min

istr

y of

Fin

ance

AN

D

Mul

timed

ia D

evel

opm

ent C

orpo

ratio

n

Sta

te S

peci

al

Econ

omic

Zon

es

(i.e

Por

t Kla

ng F

ree

Zone

)

Stat

e Go

vern

men

t

Her

itage

Zon

es

Herit

age

Com

mis

sion

M

alay

sia

AND/

OR

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

(Mun

icip

al)

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rs/

Resp

ectiv

e M

inis

try

Her

itage

Com

mis

sion

Mal

aysi

a AN

D/O

R M

ajlis

Per

band

aran

(Mun

icip

al)

Nat

iona

l Her

itage

Act

20

05

Rive

r Res

erve

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

(D

epar

tmen

t of I

rrig

atio

n &

Dra

inag

e)

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Res

ourc

es &

En

viro

nmen

t

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

(D

epar

tmen

t of

Irri

gatio

n &

Dr

aina

ge)

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Re

sour

ces

&

Envi

ronm

ent

O

R Pr

ivat

e De

velo

pers

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

(D

epar

tmen

t of

Irri

gatio

n &

Dr

aina

ge)

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Re

sour

ces

&

Envi

ronm

ent

O

R M

ajlis

Per

band

aran

(M

unic

ipal

)

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

(D

epar

tmen

t of I

rrig

atio

n &

Dra

inag

e)

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Res

ourc

es &

En

viro

nmen

t

Wat

ers

Act 1

920

(Act

41

8)

Eart

hwor

ks B

y-La

ws

(MPK

j) 20

07

Eart

hwor

ks B

y-La

ws

(Mbs

a) 2

007

Eart

hwor

ks B

y-La

ws

(Mps

) 200

7

Fore

st R

eser

veFo

rest

ry D

epar

tmen

t M

inis

try

of N

atur

al R

esou

rces

& E

nvir

onm

ent

Nat

iona

l For

estr

y Ac

t 19

84 (A

men

dmen

t 19

93)

Rest

rict

ed Z

ones

M

inis

try

of H

ome

Affai

rsPr

otec

ted

Area

s An

d Pr

otec

ted

Plac

es A

ct 1

959

40 Annexes

Tabl

e 3-

4: I

nsti

tuti

onal

Map

: Pen

ang

Stat

e

Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Serv

ice

Del

iver

yRe

gula

tor

Dat

a D

epos

itor

yLe

gisl

atio

n

Zoni

ng &

Lan

d us

ePe

nang

Sta

te

Gove

rnm

ent

Jaba

tan

Pera

ncan

gan

Pem

bang

unan

M

ajlis

Per

band

aran

Jaba

tan

Pera

ncan

gan

Pem

bang

unan

M

ajlis

Per

band

aran

AN

D/O

R Pe

nang

Sta

te G

over

nmen

t

Jaba

tan

Pera

ncan

gan

Pem

bang

unan

M

ajlis

Per

band

aran

Loca

l Gov

ernm

ent A

ct

1976

(Act

171

) To

wn

and

Coun

try

Plan

ning

Act

197

6 (A

ct

172)

To

wn

and

Coun

try

Plan

ning

(Am

endm

ent)

Ac

t 199

5 (A

933

) Pl

anni

ng C

ontr

ol

(Gen

eral

) Rul

es 1

990

Act 1

72

Rule

s fo

r the

pr

epar

atio

n of

Str

uctu

re

and

Loca

l Pla

n 19

89

Stre

et, D

rain

age

and

Build

ing

Act 1

974

Nat

iona

l Lan

d Co

de

1965

Road

Net

wor

k (i

nclu

des

Stre

et L

ight

ing)

Priv

ate

Hig

hway

sM

inis

try

of W

orks

Lem

baga

Leb

uhra

ya

Mal

aysi

a Pr

ivat

e Co

nces

sion

aire

Lem

baga

Leb

uhra

ya

Mal

aysi

a Pr

ivat

e Co

nces

sion

aire

Act 2

31 H

ighw

ay

Auth

ority

Mal

aysi

a (I

ncor

pora

tion)

Act

19

80

Fede

ral H

ighw

ays

/ Ro

ads

Min

istr

y of

Wor

ksJa

bata

n Ke

rja

Raya

(Dep

artm

ent o

f Pub

lic W

orks

) M

inis

try

of W

orks

Fede

ral R

oad

Act 1

959

Stat

e Ro

ads

Pena

ng S

tate

Go

vern

men

tJa

bata

n Ke

juru

tera

an

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

anM

ajlis

Per

band

aran

AN

D/O

R Pe

nang

Sta

te G

over

nmen

t

Jaba

tan

Pera

ncan

gan

&

Pem

bang

unan

M

ajlis

Per

band

aran

Road

Tra

nspo

rt A

ct 1

987

Stre

et, D

rain

age

and

Build

ing

Act 1

974

Tran

spor

t Net

wor

k

Publ

ic P

arki

ngPe

nang

Sta

te

Gove

rnm

ent

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an O

R Pr

ivat

e De

velo

pers

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

AND/

OR

Pena

ng S

tate

G

over

nmen

t

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

Mun

icip

al C

ounc

il of

Pe

nang

Isla

nd C

ar P

ark

(Tic

ket S

yste

m) O

rder

, 19

92

Mun

icip

al C

ounc

il of

Pe

nang

Isla

nd C

ar P

ark

(Met

er S

yste

m) O

rder

, 19

92


Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Serv

ice

Del

iver

yRe

gula

tor

Dat

a D

epos

itor

yLe

gisl

atio

n

Priv

ate

Park

ing

Pena

ng S

tate

Go

vern

men

tM

unic

ipal

OR

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rs

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rs

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

anPr

ivat

e De

velo

pers

Mun

icip

al C

ounc

il of

Pe

nang

Isla

nd (P

riva

te

Car P

arks

) By-

Law

s,

1988

Bus

Net

wor

k &

St

atio

nsSu

ruha

njay

a Pe

ngan

gkut

an A

wam

Dar

at (S

PAD)

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

AND/

OR

Pena

ng S

tate

G

over

nmen

t

Suru

hanj

aya

Peng

angk

utan

Aw

am D

arat

(S

PAD)

Land

Pub

lic T

rans

port

Ac

t 201

0

Rail

Net

wor

k &

St

atio

nsSu

ruha

njay

a Pe

ngan

gkut

an A

wam

Dar

at

(SPA

D)Fe

dera

l ow

ned

Cor

pora

tion

s

KTM

B (K

eret

api T

anah

Mel

ayu

Berh

ad)

Suru

hanj

aya

Peng

angk

utan

Aw

am D

arat

(SPA

D)

KTM

B (K

eret

api

Tana

h M

elay

u Be

rhad

)

Land

Pub

lic T

rans

port

Ac

t 201

0

Taxi

s &

Tax

i Sto

pSu

ruha

njay

a Pe

ngan

gkut

an A

wam

Dar

at (S

PAD)

Land

Pub

lic T

rans

port

Ac

t 201

0

Oth

er L

and

Publ

ic

Tran

spor

tSu

ruha

njay

a Pe

ngan

gkut

an A

wam

Dar

at (S

PAD)

Land

Pub

lic T

rans

port

Ac

t 201

0

Airp

orts

Depa

rtm

ent o

f Civ

il Av

iatio

n

Min

istr

y of

Tra

nspo

rtM

alay

sia

Airp

orts

Hol

ding

s Be

rhad

Depa

rtm

ent o

f Civ

il Av

iatio

n

Min

istr

y of

Tra

nspo

rtCi

vil A

viat

ion

Act 1

969

Cycl

ing

Net

wor

kPe

nang

Sta

te

Gove

rnm

ent

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

AND/

OR

Pena

ng S

tate

Go

vern

men

t

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

Pede

stri

an N

etw

ork

Pena

ng S

tate

Go

vern

men

tM

ajlis

Per

band

aran

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

AND/

OR

Pena

ng S

tate

Go

vern

men

t

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

Drai

nage

&

Irri

gatio

n (F

lood

M

itiga

tion)

- N

on

Priv

atis

ed

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Re

sour

ces

&

Envi

ronm

ent

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

(D

epar

tmen

t of I

rrig

atio

n &

Dra

inag

e)

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Res

ourc

es &

En

viro

nmen

t

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

(D

epar

tmen

t of

Irri

gatio

n &

Dr

aina

ge)

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Re

sour

ces

&

Envi

ronm

ent

OR

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

AND/

OR

Pena

ng S

tate

G

over

nmen

t

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

(D

epar

tmen

t of I

rrig

atio

n &

Dra

inag

e)

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Res

ourc

es &

En

viro

nmen

t

Drai

nage

Wor

ks A

ct

1954

(198

8)

42 Annexes

Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Serv

ice

Del

iver

yRe

gula

tor

Dat

a D

epos

itor

yLe

gisl

atio

n

Drai

nage

&

Irri

gatio

n (L

ocal

Dr

aina

ge N

etw

ork)

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Re

sour

ces

&

Envi

ronm

ent

Mun

icip

al O

R Pr

ivat

e De

velo

pers

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

Stre

et, D

rain

age

and

Build

ing

Act 1

974

Lo

cal G

over

nmen

t Act

(1

976)

: (Pe

nins

ular

) To

wn

and

Coun

try

Plan

ning

Act

197

6 Ea

rthw

orks

197

5 (b

y la

w)

Sew

erag

e

Suru

hanj

aya

Perk

hidm

atan

Ai

r Neg

ara

- SP

AN (N

atio

nal

Wat

er S

ervi

ces

Com

mis

sion

Jaba

tan

Perk

hidm

atan

Pe

mbe

ntun

gan

(Sew

erag

e Se

rvic

es

Depa

rtm

ent)

M

inis

try

of E

nerg

y,

Gree

n Te

chno

logy

&

Wat

er (K

ETTH

A)

Inda

h W

ater

Kon

sort

ium

(IW

K)

Suru

hanj

aya

Perk

hidm

atan

Ai

r Neg

ara

- SP

AN (N

atio

nal

Wat

er S

ervi

ces

Com

mis

sion

) AN

D

Jaba

tan

Alam

Se

kita

r (D

epar

tmen

t of

Envi

ronm

ent)

M

inis

try

of N

atur

al

Reso

urce

s an

d En

viro

nmen

t

Inda

h W

ater

Ko

nsor

tium

(IW

K)

Sew

erag

e Se

rvic

es A

ct

1993

(Act

508

) Ac

t 654

Sur

uhan

jaya

Pe

rkhi

dmat

an A

ir

Neg

ara

Act 2

006

Sew

erag

e an

d Sa

nita

ry

Inst

alla

tion

1970

(by

law

) Dr

aina

ge, S

anita

tion

&

Sani

tary

Plu

mbi

ng 1

976

(by

law

)

Solid

Was

te

(Col

lect

ion)

Pena

ng S

tate

Go

vern

men

tM

ajlis

Per

band

aran

(Mun

icip

ality

)

Solid

Was

te

(Dis

posa

l - P

ublic

)

Min

istr

y of

Urb

an

Wel

lbei

ng, H

ousi

ng

& L

ocal

Gov

ernm

ent

Jaba

tan

Peng

urus

an S

isa

Pepe

jal N

egar

a

(Nat

iona

l Sol

id W

aste

Man

agem

ent

Depa

rtm

ent)

M

inis

try

of U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng, H

ousi

ng &

Lo

cal G

over

nmen

t

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

(Mun

icip

ality

)

Jaba

tan

Alam

Se

kita

r (D

epar

tmen

t of

Envi

ronm

ent)

M

inis

try

of N

atur

al

Reso

urce

s an

d En

viro

nmen

t

Jaba

tan

Peng

urus

an

Sisa

Pep

ejal

Neg

ara

(Nat

iona

l Sol

id

Was

te M

anag

emen

t De

part

men

t)

Min

istr

y of

Urb

an

Wel

lbei

ng, H

ousi

ng

& L

ocal

Gov

ernm

ent

Act 6

72 -

Solid

Was

te

and

Publ

ic C

lean

sing

M

anag

emen

t Act

200

7

(effl

uent

)

Tabl

e 3-

4 C

onti

nued


Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Serv

ice

Del

iver

yRe

gula

tor

Dat

a D

epos

itor

yLe

gisl

atio

n

Solid

Was

te

(Dis

posa

l - P

riva

te)

Min

istr

y of

Urb

an

Wel

lbei

ng, H

ousi

ng

& L

ocal

Gov

ernm

ent

Jaba

tan

Peng

urus

an

Sisa

Pep

ejal

Neg

ara

(Nat

iona

l Sol

id

Was

te M

anag

emen

t De

part

men

t)

Min

istr

y of

Urb

an

Wel

lbei

ng, H

ousi

ng

& L

ocal

Gov

ernm

ent

Priv

ate

Conc

essi

onai

re

Jaba

tan

Alam

Se

kita

r (D

epar

tmen

t of

Envi

ronm

ent)

M

inis

try

of N

atur

al

Reso

urce

s an

d En

viro

nmen

t

Jaba

tan

Peng

urus

an

Sisa

Pep

ejal

Neg

ara

(Nat

iona

l Sol

id

Was

te M

anag

emen

t De

part

men

t)

Min

istr

y of

Urb

an

Wel

lbei

ng, H

ousi

ng

& L

ocal

Gov

ernm

ent

Act 6

72 -

Solid

Was

te

and

Publ

ic C

lean

sing

M

anag

emen

t Act

200

7 L

ocal

Gov

ernm

ent

(Am

endm

ent)

Act

200

7

Wat

er

Suru

hanj

aya

Perk

hidm

atan

Ai

r Neg

ara

- SP

AN (N

atio

nal

Wat

er S

ervi

ces

Com

mis

sion

)

Jaba

tan

Beka

lan

Air

(Sew

erag

e Se

rvic

es

Depa

rtm

ent)

M

inis

try

of E

nerg

y,

Gree

n Te

chno

logy

&

Wat

er (K

ETTH

A)

Perb

adan

an B

ekal

an A

ir P

ulau

Pin

ang

Sdn

Bhd

(PBA

PP)

Suru

hanj

aya

Perk

hidm

atan

Ai

r Neg

ara

- SP

AN (N

atio

nal

Wat

er S

ervi

ces

Com

mis

sion

)

Perb

adan

an

Beka

lan

Air P

ulau

Pi

nang

Sdn

Bhd

(P

BAPP

)

ACT

654

– Su

ruha

njay

a Pe

rkhi

dmat

an A

ir

Neg

ara

ACT

2006

AC

T 65

5 - W

ater

Ser

vice

In

dust

ry A

CT 2

006

Elec

tric

ity N

etw

ork

(Dis

trib

utio

n)Su

ruha

njay

a Te

naga

Tena

ga N

asio

nal

Berh

ad

Tena

ga N

asio

nal

Berh

ad O

R Pr

ivat

e De

velo

per

Tena

ga N

asio

nal

Berh

adSu

ruha

njay

a Te

naga

Tena

ga N

asio

nal

Berh

ad

Act 6

10 -

Ener

gy

Com

mis

sion

Act

200

1 Ac

t 447

- El

ectr

icity

Su

pply

Act

199

0

Tele

com

mun

icat

ions

N

etw

ork

Mal

aysi

a Co

mm

unic

atio

ns a

nd M

ultim

edia

Co

mm

issi

onPr

ivat

e Te

leco

mm

unic

atio

ns C

ompa

nies

Mal

aysi

a Co

mm

unic

atio

ns a

nd M

ultim

edia

Co

mm

issi

on

Com

mun

icat

ions

and

M

ultim

edia

Act

199

8 Co

mm

unic

atio

ns a

nd

Mul

timed

ia C

omm

issi

on

Act (

1998

)

Gas

Supp

lySu

ruha

njay

a Te

naga

Gas

Mal

aysi

a Be

rhad

( M

MC

Com

pany

)Su

ruha

njay

a Te

naga

Gas

Mal

aysi

a Be

rhad

( M

MC

Com

pany

)Ga

s Su

pply

Act

199

3

Publ

ic B

uild

ings

and

Ser

vice

s

Publ

ic M

arke

ts &

H

awke

rsM

ajlis

Per

band

aran

AN

D/O

R Pe

nang

Sta

te G

over

nmen

t

Mun

icip

al A

ND/

OR

Jaba

tan

Alam

Se

kita

r (D

epar

tmen

t of

Envi

ronm

ent)

M

inis

try

of N

atur

al

Reso

urce

s an

d En

viro

nmen

t

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

Haw

kers

By-

Law

s, 1

979;

H

awke

rs (A

men

dmen

t)

By-L

aws,

198

7; H

awke

rs

(Am

endm

ent)

By-

Law

s,

1991

Ope

n Sp

aces

&

Publ

ic P

arks

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an A

ND/

OR

Pena

ng S

tate

Gov

ernm

ent

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

anM

unic

ipal

Cou

ncil

of

Pena

ng Is

land

(Par

ks)

By-la

ws,

199

3

44 Annexes

Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Serv

ice

Del

iver

yRe

gula

tor

Dat

a D

epos

itor

yLe

gisl

atio

n

Polic

e St

atio

ns

Min

istr

y of

Hom

e Aff

airs

AN

D/O

R

Jaba

tan

Pera

ncan

g Ba

ndar

dan

Des

a

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

and

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent

Polis

Dir

aja

Mal

aysi

a

(Pol

ice

Depa

rtm

ent)

M

inis

try

of H

ome

Affai

rsM

inis

try

of H

ome

Affai

rs

Fire

Sta

tions

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

and

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent

Fire

Dep

artm

ent (

BOM

BA)

Min

istr

y of

Urb

an W

ellb

eing

, Hou

sing

and

Loc

al G

over

nmen

tFi

re S

ervi

ces

Act 1

988

(Act

341

)

Hos

pita

ls a

nd

Med

ical

Car

e

Min

istr

y of

Hea

lth

AND/

OR

Ja

bata

n Pe

ranc

ang

Band

ar d

an D

esa

M

inis

try

of

Urb

an W

ellb

eing

, H

ousi

ng a

nd L

ocal

Go

vern

men

t

Baha

gian

Pem

bang

unan

M

inis

try

of H

ealth

OR

Priv

ate

Hos

pita

lM

inis

try

of H

ealth

O

R Pr

ivat

e H

ospi

tal

Min

istr

y of

Hea

lth

Scho

ols

Min

istr

y of

Edu

catio

nEd

ucat

ion

Act 1

961

and

Scho

ols

(Gen

eral

) Re

gula

tions

195

0

Inst

itute

of H

ighe

r Le

arni

ngM

inis

try

of H

ighe

r Edu

catio

n

Libr

arie

sM

inis

try

of In

form

atio

n, C

omm

unic

atio

n an

d Cu

lture

.

Art &

Cul

tura

l Ce

nter

sM

inis

try

of In

form

atio

n, C

omm

unic

atio

n an

d Cu

lture

.

Hot

els

Min

istr

y of

Tou

rism

&

Cul

ture

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rsM

inis

try

of T

ouri

sm &

Cul

ture

Innk

eepe

rs A

ct 1

952

Hom

es, N

urse

ries

&

Kind

erga

rden

s

Min

istr

y of

W

omen

, Fam

ily

& C

omm

unity

De

velo

pmen

t

Priv

ate

Busi

ness

Ow

ner

Wel

fare

Dep

artm

ent

Min

istr

y of

W

omen

, Fam

ily

& C

omm

unity

De

velo

pmen

t

Min

istr

y of

W

omen

, Fam

ily

& C

omm

unity

De

velo

pmen

t

Act 3

08 C

hild

Car

e Ce

ntre

Act

198

4 N

urse

ries

Act

198

4 N

ursi

ng H

ome

Act 1

993

Tabl

e 3-

4 C

onti

nued


Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Serv

ice

Del

iver

yRe

gula

tor

Dat

a D

epos

itor

yLe

gisl

atio

n

Com

mun

ity

Cent

ers

(Inc

ludi

ng

Spor

ts F

acili

ties,

M

ultip

urpo

se H

alls

, et

c)

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an A

ND/

OR

Pena

ng S

tate

Gov

ernm

ent

Publ

ic H

ousi

ng-P

PR

(Fun

ded

Fede

ral)

Jaba

tan

Peru

mah

an N

egar

aM

ajlis

Per

band

aran

Publ

ic H

ousi

ng-P

PR

( Sta

te F

unde

d)

Adve

rtis

emen

ts

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

AND/

OR

Pean

angS

tate

Go

vern

men

t

Priv

ate

Com

pani

es

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

AND/

OR

Pena

ng S

tate

Go

vern

men

t

Priv

ate

Com

pani

es

Traffi

c M

anag

emen

t/

Cong

estio

n Co

ntro

l an

d M

onito

ring

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

(Loc

al M

unic

ipal

) A

ND/

OR

Polic

e Di

raja

Mal

aysi

a (P

DRM

)

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an A

ND/

OR

Pena

ng S

tate

Gov

ernm

ent

Land

Val

uatio

ns

(Sta

te L

and)

Valu

atio

n an

d Pr

oper

ty M

anag

emen

t Dep

artm

ent (

Mun

icip

al)

Loca

l Gov

ernm

ent A

ct,

1976

(Act

171

)

Land

Val

uatio

ns

(Fed

eral

Lan

d)Va

luat

ion

and

Prop

erty

Ser

vice

s De

part

men

t, M

inis

try

of F

inan

ce

Build

ing

Cont

rol

Com

mer

cial

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

and

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent A

ND

M

ajlis

Per

band

aran

(M

unic

ipal

)

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rsPr

ivat

e O

wne

rs

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

and

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent A

ND

M

ajlis

Per

band

aran

(M

unic

ipal

)

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

1. S

tree

t, Dr

aina

ge A

nd

Build

ing

Act 1

974

2.

Uni

form

ed B

uild

ing

Byla

w 1

986

Resi

dent

ial

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

and

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent A

ND

M

ajlis

Per

band

aran

(M

unic

ipal

)

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rsPr

ivat

e O

wne

rs

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

and

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent A

ND

M

ajlis

Per

band

aran

(M

unic

ipal

)

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

1. S

tree

t, Dr

aina

ge A

nd

Build

ing

Act 1

974

2.

Uni

form

ed B

uild

ing

Byla

w 1

986

46 Annexes

Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Serv

ice

Del

iver

yRe

gula

tor

Dat

a D

epos

itor

yLe

gisl

atio

n

Publ

ic B

uild

ings

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

and

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent A

ND

M

ajlis

Per

band

aran

(M

unic

ipal

)

Resp

ectiv

e M

inis

trie

s

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

and

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent A

ND

M

ajlis

Per

band

aran

(M

unic

ipal

)

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

1. S

tree

t, Dr

aina

ge A

nd

Build

ing

Act 1

974

2.

Uni

form

ed B

uild

ing

Byla

w 1

986

Her

itage

Bui

ldin

gs

Her

itage

Co

mm

issi

on

Mal

aysi

a AN

D/O

R M

ajlis

Per

band

aran

(M

unic

ipal

)

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rs/

Resp

ectiv

e M

inis

try

Her

itage

Com

mis

sion

Mal

aysi

a AN

D/O

R M

ajlis

Per

band

aran

(Mun

icip

al)

Nat

iona

l Her

itage

Act

20

05

No

Fly

Zone

s (B

uild

ing

Hei

ghts

)

Min

istr

y of

Tr

ansp

ort

(Dep

artm

ent o

f Av

iati

on) A

ND

M

ajlis

Per

band

aran

(M

unic

ipal

)

Min

istr

y of

Tr

ansp

ort

(Dep

artm

ent o

f Av

iati

on)

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rsM

inis

try

of T

rans

port

(Dep

artm

ent

of A

viat

ion)

AN

D M

ajlis

Per

band

aran

(M

unic

ipal

)

Spec

ial R

eser

ves

/ Zo

nes

Cont

rol

Sta

te S

peci

al

Econ

omic

Zon

es

(i.e

Por

t Kla

ng F

ree

Zone

)

Stat

e Go

vern

men

t

Her

itage

Zon

es

Her

itage

Co

mm

issi

on

Mal

aysi

a AN

D/O

R M

ajlis

Per

band

aran

(M

unic

ipal

)

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rs/

Resp

ectiv

e M

inis

try

Her

itage

Com

mis

sion

Mal

aysi

a AN

D/O

R M

ajlis

Per

band

aran

(Mun

icip

al)

Nat

iona

l Her

itage

Act

20

05

Pera

tura

n U

ntuk

Ka

was

an P

emul

ihar

aan

& B

angu

nan-

Bang

unan

W

aris

an 2

009

Rive

r Res

erve

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

(D

epar

tmen

t of I

rrig

atio

n &

Dra

inag

e)

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Res

ourc

es &

En

viro

nmen

t

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

(D

epar

tmen

t of

Irri

gatio

n &

Dr

aina

ge)

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Re

sour

ces

&

Envi

ronm

ent

O

R Pr

ivat

e De

velo

pers

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

(D

epar

tmen

t of

Irri

gatio

n &

Dr

aina

ge)

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Re

sour

ces

&

Envi

ronm

ent

O

R M

ajlis

Per

band

aran

(M

unic

ipal

)

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

(D

epar

tmen

t of I

rrig

atio

n &

Dra

inag

e)

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Res

ourc

es &

En

viro

nmen

t

Wat

ers

Act 1

920

(Act

41

8)

Tabl

e 3-

4 C

onti

nued


Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Serv

ice

Del

iver

yRe

gula

tor

Dat

a D

epos

itor

yLe

gisl

atio

n

Fore

st R

eser

veFo

rest

ry D

epar

tmen

t M

inis

try

of N

atur

al R

esou

rces

& E

nvir

onm

ent

Nat

iona

l For

estr

y Ac

t 19

84 (A

men

dmen

t 19

93)

Rest

rict

ed Z

ones

M

inis

try

of H

ome

Affai

rsPr

otec

ted

Area

s An

d Pr

otec

ted

Plac

es A

ct 1

959

48 Annexes

Tabl

e 3-

5: In

stit

utio

nal M

ap: I

skan

dar M

alay

sia

Regi

on, J

ohor

Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Se

rvic

e D

eliv

ery

Regu

lato

rD

ata

Dep

osit

ory

Legi

slat

ion

Zoni

ng &

Lan

d us

e

Joho

r Sta

te

Gove

rnm

ent A

ND

* Is

kand

ar R

egio

nal

Deve

lopm

ent

Auth

ority

(IRD

A)

Jaba

tan

Pera

ncan

gan

& P

emba

ngun

an

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an A

ND

* IR

DA

Jaba

tan

Pera

ncan

gan

&

Pem

bang

unan

M

ajlis

Per

band

aran

AN

D/O

R Jo

hor S

tate

Go

vern

men

t AN

D *

IRDA

Jaba

tan

Pera

ncan

gan

&

Pem

bang

unan

M

ajlis

Per

band

aran

AN

D/O

R Jo

hor S

tate

Go

vern

men

t

Jaba

tan

Pera

ncan

gan

&

Pem

bang

unan

M

ajlis

Per

band

aran

AN

D *

IRDA

Tow

n An

d Co

untr

y Pl

anni

ng A

ct 1

976

[Act

17

2]

Amen

dmen

ts

Iska

ndar

Reg

iona

l De

velo

pmen

t Au

thor

ity

Act

2007

(Act

664

)

Road

Net

wor

k (i

nclu

des

Stre

et L

ight

ing)

Priv

ate

Hig

hway

sM

inis

try

of W

orks

Lem

baga

Leb

uhra

ya

Mal

aysi

a Pr

ivat

e Co

nces

sion

aire

Lem

baga

Leb

uhra

ya

Mal

aysi

a Pr

ivat

e Co

nces

sion

aire

Act 2

31 H

ighw

ay

Auth

ority

Mal

aysi

a (I

ncor

pora

tion)

Act

19

80

Fede

ral H

ighw

ays

/ Ro

ads

Min

istr

y of

Wor

ksAN

D *

IRDA

Jaba

tan

Kerj

a Ra

ya (D

epar

tmen

t of P

ublic

Wor

ks) M

inis

try

of W

orks

AND

* IR

DAFe

dera

l Roa

d Ac

t 195

9

Mun

icip

al R

oads

Joho

r Sta

te

Gove

rnm

ent

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

AND/

OR

* IR

DA

Jaba

tan

Keju

rute

raan

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

AND/

OR

* IR

DA

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an A

ND/

OR

Joho

r Sta

te G

over

nmen

t

Jaba

tan

Pera

ncan

gan

&

Pem

bang

unan

M

ajlis

Per

band

aran

AN

D *I

RDA

Road

Tra

nspo

rt A

ct

1987

St

reet

, Dra

inag

e an

d Bu

ildin

g Ac

t 197

4 (1

994)

Tran

spor

t Net

wor

k

Publ

ic P

arki

ng

Joho

r Sta

te

Gove

rnm

ent A

ND/

OR

* IR

DA

Mun

icip

al O

R Pr

ivat

e De

velo

pers

OR

* IR

DA

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

AND/

OR

Joho

r Sta

te

Gove

rnm

ent

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

Priv

ate

Park

ing

Joho

r Sta

te

Gove

rnm

ent

Mun

icip

al O

R Pr

ivat

e De

velo

pers

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rsM

ajlis

Per

band

aran

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rs

Bus

Net

wor

k &

St

atio

ns

Suru

hanj

aya

Peng

angk

utan

Aw

am D

arat

(S

PAD)

AN

D/O

R

* IR

DA

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

AND/

OR

* IR

DA

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

AND/

OR

Joho

r Sta

te

Gove

rnm

ent

Suru

hanj

aya

Peng

angk

utan

Aw

am D

arat

(SPA

D)

Suru

hanj

aya

Peng

angk

utan

Aw

am D

arat

(SPA

D)

AND/

OR

* IR

DA A

ND/

OR

Mun

icip

al

Land

Pub

lic T

rans

port

Ac

t 201

0


Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Se

rvic

e D

eliv

ery

Regu

lato

rD

ata

Dep

osit

ory

Legi

slat

ion

Rail

Net

wor

k &

St

atio

ns

Suru

hanj

aya

Peng

angk

utan

Aw

am D

arat

(SPA

D)

Suru

hanj

aya

Peng

angk

utan

Aw

am D

arat

(SPA

D)

AND

*IRD

A

Fede

ral o

wne

d C

orpo

rati

ons

KT

MB

(Ker

etap

i Tan

ah M

elay

u Be

rhad

)

Suru

hanj

aya

Peng

angk

utan

Aw

am D

arat

(SPA

D)

KTM

B (K

eret

api

Tana

h M

elay

u Be

rhad

)

Land

Pub

lic T

rans

port

Ac

t 201

0

Taxi

s &

Tax

i Sto

pSu

ruha

njay

a Pe

ngan

gkut

an

Awam

Dar

at (S

PAD)

Suru

hanj

aya

Peng

angk

utan

Aw

am D

arat

(SPA

D)

AND

*IRD

A

Suru

hanj

aya

Peng

angk

utan

Aw

am D

arat

(SPA

D)La

nd P

ublic

Tra

nspo

rt

Act 2

010

Oth

er L

and

Publ

ic

Tran

spor

t

Suru

hanj

aya

Peng

angk

utan

Aw

am D

arat

(SPA

D)

Suru

hanj

aya

Peng

angk

utan

Aw

am D

arat

(SPA

D)

AND

*IRD

A

Suru

hanj

aya

Peng

angk

utan

Aw

am D

arat

(SPA

D)La

nd P

ublic

Tra

nspo

rt

Act 2

010

Airp

orts

Depa

rtm

ent o

f Civ

il Av

iatio

n

Min

istr

y of

Tra

nspo

rtM

alay

sia

Airp

orts

Hol

ding

s Be

rhad

Depa

rtm

ent o

f Civ

il Av

iatio

n

Min

istr

y of

Tra

nspo

rtCi

vil A

viat

ion

Act 1

969

Cycl

ing

Net

wor

kJo

hor S

tate

Go

vern

men

tM

ajlis

Per

band

aran

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

AND/

OR

Joho

r Sta

te

Gove

rnm

ent

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

Pede

stri

an N

etw

ork

Joho

r Sta

te

Gove

rnm

ent

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

AND/

OR

Joho

r Sta

te

Gove

rnm

ent

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

Drai

nage

& Ir

riga

tion

(Flo

od M

itiga

tion)

- N

on P

riva

tised

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Re

sour

ces

&

Envi

ronm

ent

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

(D

epar

tmen

t of

Irri

gatio

n &

Dr

aina

ge) A

ND

* IR

DA

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

(D

epar

tmen

t of

Irri

gatio

n &

Dr

aina

ge)

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Re

sour

ces

&

Envi

ronm

ent

OR

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rs

AND/

OR

* IR

DA

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

(D

epar

tmen

t of

Irri

gatio

n &

Dr

aina

ge)

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Re

sour

ces

&

Envi

ronm

ent

OR

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

AND/

OR

Joho

r Sta

te

Gove

rnm

ent

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

(D

epar

tmen

t of

Irri

gatio

n &

Dr

aina

ge)

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Re

sour

ces

&

Envi

ronm

ent

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

(D

epar

tmen

t of

Irri

gatio

n &

Dr

aina

ge)

Drai

nage

Wor

ks A

ct

1954

(198

8)

50 Annexes

Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Se

rvic

e D

eliv

ery

Regu

lato

rD

ata

Dep

osit

ory

Legi

slat

ion

Drai

nage

& Ir

riga

tion

(Loc

al D

rain

age

Net

wor

k)

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Re

sour

ces

&

Envi

ronm

ent

Mun

icip

al O

R Pr

ivat

e De

velo

pers

AN

D

* IR

DA

Mun

icip

al O

R Pr

ivat

e De

velo

pers

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

anM

ajlis

Per

band

aran

AN

D/O

R *I

RDA

Sew

erag

e

Suru

hanj

aya

Perk

hidm

atan

Ai

r Neg

ara

- SP

AN (N

atio

nal

Wat

er S

ervi

ces

Com

mis

sion

AN

D

Bada

n Ka

wal

Se

tia N

eger

i Joh

or

(BAK

AJ)

Jaba

tan

Perk

hidm

atan

Pe

mbe

ntun

gan

(Sew

erag

e Se

rvic

es

Depa

rtm

ent)

M

inis

try

of E

nerg

y,

Gree

n Te

chno

logy

&

Wat

er (K

ETTH

A)

Inda

h W

ater

Kon

sort

ium

(IW

K)

Suru

hanj

aya

Perk

hidm

atan

Ai

r Neg

ara

- SP

AN (N

atio

nal

Wat

er S

ervi

ces

Com

mis

sion

) AN

D

Bada

n Ka

wal

Se

tia N

eger

i Joh

or

(BAK

AJ)

AND

Jaba

tan

Alam

Se

kita

r (D

epar

tmen

t of

Envi

ronm

ent)

M

inis

try

of N

atur

al

Reso

urce

s an

d En

viro

nmen

t

Inda

h W

ater

Ko

nsor

tium

(IW

K)

Sew

erag

e Se

rvic

es A

ct

1993

(Act

508

) Ac

t 654

Sur

uhan

jaya

Pe

rkhi

dmat

an A

ir

Neg

ara

Act 2

006

Solid

Was

te

(Col

lect

ion)

Min

istr

y of

Urb

an

Wel

lbei

ng, H

ousi

ng

& L

ocal

Gov

ernm

ent

Jaba

tan

Peng

urus

an

Sisa

Pep

ejal

Neg

ara

(Nat

iona

l Sol

id

Was

te M

anag

emen

t De

part

men

t)

Min

istr

y of

Urb

an

Wel

lbei

ng, H

ousi

ng

& L

ocal

Gov

ernm

ent

Perb

adan

an P

engu

rusa

n Si

sa P

epej

al d

an

Pem

bers

ihan

Aw

am (P

PSPP

A)

Min

istr

y of

Urb

an W

ellb

eing

, Hou

sing

&

Loca

l Gov

ernm

ent

Jaba

tan

Peng

urus

an

Sisa

Pep

ejal

Neg

ara

(Nat

iona

l Sol

id

Was

te M

anag

emen

t De

part

men

t)

Min

istr

y of

Urb

an

Wel

lbei

ng, H

ousi

ng

& L

ocal

Gov

ernm

ent

Perb

adan

an

Peng

urus

an

Sisa

Pep

ejal

dan

Pe

mbe

rsih

an A

wam

(P

PSPP

A)

Min

istr

y of

Urb

an

Wel

lbei

ng, H

ousi

ng

& L

ocal

Gov

ernm

ent

Solid

Was

te

Man

agem

ent a

nd P

ublic

Cl

eans

ing

Corp

orat

ion

Act 2

007

(Act

673

)

Solid

Was

te

(Dis

posa

l - P

ublic

)

Min

istr

y of

Urb

an

Wel

lbei

ng, H

ousi

ng

& L

ocal

Gov

ernm

ent

AND/

OR

*IRD

A

Jaba

tan

Peng

urus

an

Sisa

Pep

ejal

Neg

ara

(Nat

iona

l Sol

id

Was

te M

anag

emen

t De

part

men

t)

Min

istr

y of

Urb

an

Wel

lbei

ng, H

ousi

ng

& L

ocal

Gov

ernm

ent

AND/

OR

*IRD

A

Jaba

tan

Peng

urus

an

Sisa

Pep

ejal

Neg

ara

(Nat

iona

l Sol

id

Was

te M

anag

emen

t De

part

men

t)

Min

istr

y of

Urb

an

Wel

lbei

ng, H

ousi

ng

& L

ocal

Gov

ernm

ent

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

(Mun

icip

ality

)

Jaba

tan

Alam

Se

kita

r (D

epar

tmen

t of

Envi

ronm

ent)

M

inis

try

of N

atur

al

Reso

urce

s an

d En

viro

nmen

t

Jaba

tan

Peng

urus

an

Sisa

Pep

ejal

Neg

ara

(Nat

iona

l Sol

id

Was

te M

anag

emen

t De

part

men

t)

Min

istr

y of

Urb

an

Wel

lbei

ng, H

ousi

ng

& L

ocal

Gov

ernm

ent

Act 6

72 -

Solid

Was

te

and

Publ

ic C

lean

sing

M

anag

emen

t Act

200

7

(effl

uent

)

Tabl

e 3-

5 Co

ntin

ued


Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Se

rvic

e D

eliv

ery

Regu

lato

rD

ata

Dep

osit

ory

Legi

slat

ion

Solid

Was

te

(Dis

posa

l - P

riva

te)

Min

istr

y of

Urb

an

Wel

lbei

ng, H

ousi

ng

& L

ocal

Gov

ernm

ent

Jaba

tan

Peng

urus

an

Sisa

Pep

ejal

Neg

ara

(Nat

iona

l Sol

id

Was

te M

anag

emen

t De

part

men

t)

Min

istr

y of

Urb

an

Wel

lbei

ng, H

ousi

ng

& L

ocal

Gov

ernm

ent

AND/

OR

*IRD

A

Priv

ate

Conc

essi

onai

re

Jaba

tan

Alam

Se

kita

r (D

epar

tmen

t of

Envi

ronm

ent)

M

inis

try

of N

atur

al

Reso

urce

s an

d En

viro

nmen

t

Jaba

tan

Peng

urus

an

Sisa

Pep

ejal

Neg

ara

(Nat

iona

l Sol

id

Was

te M

anag

emen

t De

part

men

t)

Min

istr

y of

Urb

an

Wel

lbei

ng, H

ousi

ng

& L

ocal

Gov

ernm

ent

Act 6

72 -

Solid

Was

te

and

Publ

ic C

lean

sing

M

anag

emen

t Act

200

7 L

ocal

Gov

ernm

ent

(Am

endm

ent)

Act

200

7

Wat

er

Suru

hanj

aya

Perk

hidm

atan

Ai

r Neg

ara

- SP

AN (N

atio

nal

Wat

er S

ervi

ces

Com

mis

sion

) AN

D

Bada

n Ka

wal

Se

tia N

eger

i Joh

or

(BAK

AJ)

Jaba

tan

Beka

lan

Air

(Sew

erag

e Se

rvic

es

Depa

rtm

ent)

M

inis

try

of E

nerg

y,

Gree

n Te

chno

logy

&

Wat

er (K

ETTH

A)

Sya

rika

t Air

Joho

r (SA

J) H

oldi

ngs

Suru

hanj

aya

Perk

hidm

atan

Ai

r Neg

ara

- SP

AN (N

atio

nal

Wat

er S

ervi

ces

Com

mis

sion

) AN

D

Bada

n Ka

wal

Se

tia N

eger

i Joh

or

(BAK

AJ)

Sya

rika

t Air

Joho

r (S

AJ) H

oldi

ngs

Act 6

54 –

Sur

uhan

jaya

Pe

rkhi

dmat

an A

ir

Neg

ara

Act 2

006

Act 6

55 -

Wat

er S

ervi

ce

Indu

stry

Act

200

6

Elec

tric

ity N

etw

ork

(Dis

trib

utio

n)Su

ruha

njay

a Te

naga

Tena

ga N

asio

nal

Berh

ad A

ND

*IRD

A

Tena

ga N

asio

nal

Berh

ad O

R Pr

ivat

e De

velo

per

Tena

ga N

asio

nal

Berh

adSu

ruha

njay

a Te

naga

Tena

ga N

asio

nal

Berh

ad

Act 6

10 -

Ener

gy

Com

mis

sion

Act

200

1 Ac

t 447

- El

ectr

icity

Su

pply

Act

199

0

Tele

com

mun

icat

ions

N

etw

ork

Mal

aysi

a Co

mm

unic

atio

ns

and

Mul

timed

ia

Com

mis

sion

Mal

aysi

a Co

mm

unic

atio

ns

and

Mul

timed

ia

Com

mis

sion

AN

D *I

RDA

Priv

ate

Tele

com

mun

icat

ions

Com

pani

esM

alay

sia

Com

mun

icat

ions

and

Mul

timed

ia

Com

mis

sion

Com

mun

icat

ions

and

M

ultim

edia

Act

199

8 Co

mm

unic

atio

ns a

nd

Mul

timed

ia C

omm

issi

on

Act (

1998

)

Gas

Supp

lySu

ruha

njay

a Te

naga

Gas

Mal

aysi

a Be

rhad

(MM

C Co

mpa

ny)

Suru

hanj

aya

Tena

gaGa

s M

alay

sia

Berh

ad (

MM

C Co

mpa

ny)

Gas

Supp

ly A

ct 1

993

52 Annexes

Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Se

rvic

e D

eliv

ery

Regu

lato

rD

ata

Dep

osit

ory

Legi

slat

ion

Publ

ic B

uild

ings

and

Ser

vice

s

Publ

ic M

arke

ts &

H

awke

rsM

ajlis

Per

band

aran

AN

D/O

R Jo

hor S

tate

Gov

ernm

ent

Mun

icip

al A

ND/

OR

Jaba

tan

Alam

Se

kita

r (D

epar

tmen

t of

Envi

ronm

ent)

M

inis

try

of N

atur

al

Reso

urce

s an

d En

viro

nmen

t

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

Ope

n Sp

aces

&

Publ

ic P

arks

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an A

ND/

OR

Joho

r Sta

te G

over

nmen

tM

ajlis

Per

band

aran

Polic

e St

atio

ns &

Se

rvic

es

Min

istr

y of

Hom

e Aff

airs

AN

D/O

R

Jaba

tan

Pera

ncan

g Ba

ndar

dan

Des

a

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

and

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent

Jaba

tan

Kerj

a Ra

ya

(Pub

lic W

orks

De

part

men

t)

AND

Polis

Dir

aja

Mal

aysi

a

(Pol

ice

Depa

rtm

ent)

M

inis

try

of H

ome

Affai

rs A

ND

*IRD

A

Jaba

tan

Kerj

a Ra

ya

(Pub

lic W

orks

De

part

men

t)

AND

Polis

Dir

aja

Mal

aysi

a

(Pol

ice

Depa

rtm

ent)

M

inis

try

of H

ome

Affai

rs

Polis

Dir

aja

Mal

aysi

a

(Pol

ice

Depa

rtm

ent)

M

inis

try

of H

ome

Affai

rs

Min

istr

y of

Hom

e Aff

airs

Fire

Sta

tions

&

Serv

ices

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

and

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent

Fire

Dep

artm

ent (

BOM

BA)

Min

istr

y of

Urb

an W

ellb

eing

, Hou

sing

and

Loc

al G

over

nmen

tFi

re S

ervi

ces

Act 1

988

(Act

341

)

Hos

pita

ls a

nd

Med

ical

Car

e

Min

istr

y of

Hea

lth

AND/

OR

Ja

bata

n Pe

ranc

ang

Band

ar d

an D

esa

M

inis

try

of

Urb

an W

ellb

eing

, H

ousi

ng a

nd L

ocal

Go

vern

men

t

Jaba

tan

Kerj

a Ra

ya (P

ublic

Wor

ks

Depa

rtm

ent)

AN

D Ba

hagi

an P

emba

ngun

an

Min

istr

y of

Hea

lth O

R Pr

ivat

e H

ospi

tal

Min

istr

y of

Hea

lth

OR

Priv

ate

Hos

pita

lM

inis

try

of H

ealth

Scho

ols

Min

istr

y of

Ed

ucat

ion

Jaba

tan

Kerj

a Ra

ya (P

ublic

Wor

ks

Depa

rtm

ent)

AN

D M

inis

try

of E

duca

tion

Min

istr

y of

Edu

catio

n

Inst

itute

of H

ighe

r Le

arni

ngM

inis

try

of H

ighe

r Ed

ucat

ion

Priv

ate

OR

Publ

ic E

duca

tion

Inst

itutio

n AN

D M

inis

try

of H

ighe

r Ed

ucat

ion

Min

istr

y of

Hig

her E

duca

tion

Libr

arie

sM

inis

try

of In

form

atio

n, C

omm

unic

atio

n an

d Cu

lture

Art &

Cul

tura

l Ce

nter

sM

inis

try

of In

form

atio

n, C

omm

unic

atio

n an

d Cu

lture

Hot

els

Min

istr

y of

Tou

rism

&

Cul

ture

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rsM

inis

try

of T

ouri

sm &

Cul

ture

Innk

eepe

rs A

ct 1

952

Tabl

e 3-

5 Co

ntin

ued


Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Se

rvic

e D

eliv

ery

Regu

lato

rD

ata

Dep

osit

ory

Legi

slat

ion

Hom

es, N

urse

ries

&

Kind

erga

rten

s

Min

istr

y of

W

omen

, Fam

ily

& C

omm

unity

De

velo

pmen

t

Priv

ate

Busi

ness

Ow

ner

Wel

fare

Dep

artm

ent

Min

istr

y of

W

omen

, Fam

ily

& C

omm

unity

De

velo

pmen

t

Min

istr

y of

W

omen

, Fam

ily

& C

omm

unity

De

velo

pmen

t

Act 3

08 C

hild

Car

e Ce

ntre

Act

198

4

Com

mun

ity

Cent

ers

(Inc

ludi

ng

Spor

ts F

acili

ties,

M

ultip

urpo

se H

alls

, et

c)

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an A

ND/

OR

Joho

r Sta

te G

over

nmen

t

Publ

ic H

ousi

ng-P

PR

(Fun

ded

Fede

ral)

Jaba

tan

Peru

mah

an N

egar

aM

ajlis

Per

band

aran

Publ

ic H

ousi

ng-P

PR

(Sta

te)

Baha

gian

Per

umah

an

Setia

usah

a Ke

raja

an Jo

hor

Syar

ikat

Per

umah

an

Neg

ara

Berh

adM

ajlis

Per

band

aran

Baha

gian

Per

umah

an

Setia

usah

a Ke

raja

an Jo

hor

Adve

rtis

emen

ts

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

AND/

OR

Joho

r Sta

te

Gove

rnm

ent

Priv

ate

Com

pani

es

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

AND/

OR

Joho

r Sta

te

Gove

rnm

ent

Priv

ate

Com

pani

es

Traffi

c M

anag

emen

t/

Cong

estio

n Co

ntro

l an

d M

onito

ring

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

(Loc

al M

unic

ipal

) A

ND/

OR

Polic

e Di

raja

Mal

aysi

a (P

DRM

)

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an A

ND/

OR

Joho

r Sta

te G

over

nmen

t

Land

Val

uatio

ns

(Sta

te L

and)

Valu

atio

n an

d Pr

oper

ty M

anag

emen

t Dep

artm

ent (

Mun

icip

al)

Loca

l Gov

ernm

ent A

ct

171

Land

Val

uatio

ns

(Fed

eral

Lan

d)Va

luat

ion

and

Prop

erty

Ser

vice

s De

part

men

t, M

inis

try

of F

inan

ce

Build

ing

Cont

rol

Com

mer

cial

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

and

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent A

ND

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

(Mun

icip

al)

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rsPr

ivat

e O

wne

rs/

JMB

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

and

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent A

ND

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

(Mun

icip

al)

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an1.

Str

eet,

Drai

nage

And

Bu

ildin

g Ac

t 197

4

54 Annexes

Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Se

rvic

e D

eliv

ery

Regu

lato

rD

ata

Dep

osit

ory

Legi

slat

ion

Resi

dent

ial

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

and

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent A

ND

M

ajlis

Per

band

aran

(M

unic

ipal

)

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rsPr

ivat

e O

wne

rs/

JMB

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

and

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent A

ND

M

ajlis

Per

band

aran

(M

unic

ipal

)

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

1. S

tree

t, Dr

aina

ge A

nd

Build

ing

Act 1

974

2.

Hou

sing

Dev

elop

men

t (C

ontr

ol a

nd L

icen

sing

) 19

66 [A

ct 1

18]

Publ

ic B

uild

ings

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

and

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent A

ND

M

ajlis

Per

band

aran

(M

unic

ipal

)

Resp

ectiv

e M

inis

trie

s

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

and

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent A

ND

M

ajlis

Per

band

aran

(M

unic

ipal

)

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an1.

Str

eet,

Drai

nage

And

Bu

ildin

g Ac

t 197

4

Her

itage

Bui

ldin

gs

Her

itage

Co

mm

issi

on

Mal

aysi

a AN

D/O

R M

ajlis

Per

band

aran

(M

unic

ipal

)

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rs/

Resp

ectiv

e M

inis

try

Her

itage

Com

mis

sion

Mal

aysi

a AN

D/O

R M

ajlis

Per

band

aran

(Mun

icip

al)

Nat

iona

l Her

itage

Act

20

05

No

Fly

Zone

s (B

uild

ing

Hei

ghts

)

Min

istr

y of

Tr

ansp

ort

(Dep

artm

ent o

f Av

iatio

n) A

ND

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

(Mun

icip

al)

Min

istr

y of

Tr

ansp

ort

(Dep

artm

ent o

f Av

iatio

n)

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rsM

inis

try

of T

rans

port

(Dep

artm

ent

of A

viat

ion)

AN

D M

ajlis

Per

band

aran

(M

unic

ipal

)

Spec

ial R

eser

ves

/ Zo

nes

Cont

rol

Iska

ndar

Mal

aysi

aM

inis

try

of F

inan

ce A

ND

IRDA

Iska

ndar

Reg

iona

l De

velo

pmen

t Au

thor

ity

Act

2007

(Act

664

)

Her

itage

Zon

es

Her

itage

Co

mm

issi

on

Mal

aysi

a AN

D/O

R M

ajlis

Per

band

aran

(M

unic

ipal

)

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rs/

Resp

ectiv

e M

inis

try

Her

itage

Com

mis

sion

Mal

aysi

a AN

D/O

R M

ajlis

Per

band

aran

(Mun

icip

al)

Nat

iona

l Her

itage

Act

20

05

Tabl

e 3-

5 Co

ntin

ued


Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Se

rvic

e D

eliv

ery

Regu

lato

rD

ata

Dep

osit

ory

Legi

slat

ion

Rive

r Res

erve

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

(D

epar

tmen

t of I

rrig

atio

n &

Dra

inag

e)

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Res

ourc

es &

En

viro

nmen

t

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

(D

epar

tmen

t of

Irri

gatio

n &

Dr

aina

ge)

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Re

sour

ces

&

Envi

ronm

ent

OR

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rs

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

(D

epar

tmen

t of

Irri

gatio

n &

Dr

aina

ge)

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Re

sour

ces

&

Envi

ronm

ent

OR

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

(Mun

icip

al)

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

(D

epar

tmen

t of I

rrig

atio

n &

Dra

inag

e)

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Res

ourc

es &

En

viro

nmen

t

Wat

ers

Act 1

920

(Act

41

8)

Fore

st R

eser

veFo

rest

ry D

epar

tmen

t M

inis

try

of N

atur

al R

esou

rces

& E

nvir

onm

ent

Nat

iona

l For

estr

y Ac

t 19

84 (A

men

dmen

t 19

93)

Rest

rict

ed Z

ones

M

inis

try

of H

ome

Affai

rsPr

otec

ted

Area

s An

d Pr

otec

ted

Plac

es A

ct 1

959

56 Annexes

Tabl

e 3-

6: In

stit

utio

nal M

ap: E

ast C

oast

Eco

nom

ic C

orri

dor a

rea

/ Pa

hang

Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Se

rvic

e D

eliv

ery

Regu

lato

rD

ata

Dep

osit

ory

Legi

slat

ion

Zoni

ng &

Lan

d us

e

Paha

ng S

tate

Go

vern

men

t AN

D Ea

st C

oast

Ec

onom

ic R

egio

n D

evel

opm

ent

Coun

cil (

ECER

DC)

Jaba

tan

Pera

ncan

gan

Pem

bang

unan

M

ajlis

Per

band

aran

AN

D EC

ERDC

Jaba

tan

Pera

ncan

gan

Pem

bang

unan

M

ajlis

Per

band

aran

AN

D EC

ERDC

AN

D/O

R Pa

hang

Sta

te G

over

nmen

t

Jaba

tan

Pera

ncan

gan

Pem

bang

unan

M

ajlis

Per

band

aran

AN

D/O

R Pa

hang

St

ate

Gove

rnm

ent

Jaba

tan

Pera

ncan

agan

Pe

mba

ngun

an

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

AND

ECER

DC

Tow

n An

d Co

untr

y Pl

anni

ng A

ct 1

976

[Act

17

2] A

men

dmen

ts

Nat

iona

l Lan

d Co

de

1965

(Act

56)

Ea

st C

oast

Eco

nom

ic

Regi

on D

evel

opm

ent

Coun

cil A

ct 2

008

(Act

68

8)

Road

Net

wor

k

Priv

ate

Hig

hway

sM

inis

try

of W

orks

Lem

baga

Leb

uhra

ya

Mal

aysi

a Pr

ivat

e Co

nces

sion

aire

Lem

baga

Leb

uhra

ya

Mal

aysi

a Pr

ivat

e Co

nces

sion

aire

Act 2

31 H

ighw

ay

Auth

ority

Mal

aysi

a (I

ncor

pora

tion)

Act

19

80

Fede

ral H

ighw

ays

/ Ro

ads

Min

istr

y of

Wor

ks

AND

ECER

DCJa

bata

n Ke

rja

Raya

(Dep

artm

ent o

f Pub

lic W

orks

) Min

istr

y of

Wor

ks

AND

ECER

DCFe

dera

l Roa

d Ac

t 195

9

Mun

icip

al R

oads

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

AND/

OR

ECER

DCAN

D Pa

hang

Sta

te

Gove

rnm

ent

Jaba

tan

Keju

rute

raan

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

AND/

OR

ECER

DC

Priv

ate

Conc

essi

onai

re,

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

AND/

OR

Paha

ng

Stat

e Go

vern

men

t

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

AND/

OR

Paha

ng

Stat

e Go

vern

men

t

Jaba

tan

Pera

ncan

gan

Pem

bang

unan

M

ajlis

Per

band

aran

Road

Tra

nspo

rt A

ct 1

987

Stre

et, D

rain

age

and

Build

ing

Act 1

974

(199

4)

Stre

et, D

rain

age

and

Build

ing

By-la

w

(Com

poun

ding

Offe

nses

) (M

PK) 1

983

Tran

spor

t Net

wor

k

Publ

ic P

arki

ngPa

hang

Sta

te

Gove

rnm

ent

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

OR

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rs

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an A

ND/

OR

Paha

ng S

tate

Go

vern

men

t

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

OR

Jaba

tan

Pera

ncan

gan

Band

ar d

an D

esa

Paha

ng

Road

Tra

nspo

rt O

rder

(A

lloca

tion

of C

ar P

ark)

(M

PK) 2

005

Priv

ate

Park

ing

Paha

ng S

tate

Go

vern

men

t

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

OR

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rs

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rs

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

anPr

ivat

e De

velo

pers

Priv

ate

Car P

ark

By-la

w

(MPK

) 198

5


Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Se

rvic

e D

eliv

ery

Regu

lato

rD

ata

Dep

osit

ory

Legi

slat

ion

Bus

Net

wor

k &

St

atio

nsSu

ruha

njay

a Pe

ngan

gkut

an A

wam

Dar

at (S

PAD)

AND/

OR

ECER

DC

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

AND/

OR

Paha

ng

Stat

e Go

vern

men

t

Suru

hanj

aya

Peng

angk

utan

Aw

am D

arat

(S

PAD)

Land

Pub

lic T

rans

port

Ac

t 201

0

Rail

Net

wor

k &

St

atio

ns

Suru

hanj

aya

Peng

angk

utan

Aw

am D

arat

(SPA

D)

Suru

hanj

aya

Peng

angk

utan

Aw

am D

arat

(SPA

D)

AND/

OR

ECER

DC

Publ

icly

ow

ned

Cor

pora

tions

KT

MB

(Ker

etap

i Tan

ah M

elay

u Be

rhad

)

Suru

hanj

aya

Peng

angk

utan

Aw

am D

arat

(SPA

D)

Publ

icly

ow

ned

Co

rpor

atio

ns

KTM

B (K

eret

api

Tana

h M

elay

u Be

rhad

)

Land

Pub

lic T

rans

port

Ac

t 201

0

Taxi

sSu

ruha

njay

a Pe

ngan

gkut

an

Awam

Dar

at (S

PAD)

Suru

hanj

aya

Peng

angk

utan

Aw

am D

arat

(SPA

D)

AND

ECER

DC

Suru

hanj

aya

Peng

angk

utan

Aw

am D

arat

(SPA

D)La

nd P

ublic

Tra

nspo

rt

Act 2

010

Oth

er L

and

Publ

ic

Tran

spor

tSu

ruha

njay

a Pe

ngan

gkut

an A

wam

Dar

at (S

PAD)

Land

Pub

lic T

rans

port

Ac

t 201

0

Airp

orts

Depa

rtm

ent o

f Civ

il Av

iatio

n

Min

istr

y of

Tra

nspo

rtM

alay

sia

Airp

orts

Hol

ding

s Be

rhad

Depa

rtm

ent o

f Civ

il Av

iatio

n

Min

istr

y of

Tra

nspo

rtCi

vil A

viat

ion

Act 1

969

Cycl

ing

Net

wor

kPa

hang

Sta

te

Gove

rnm

ent

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

anPa

hang

Sta

te

Gove

rnm

ent

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

Pede

stri

an N

etw

ork

Paha

ng S

tate

Go

vern

men

tM

ajlis

Per

band

aran

Drai

nage

&

Irri

gatio

n (F

lood

M

itiga

tion)

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Re

sour

ces

&

Envi

ronm

ent

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

(D

epar

tmen

t of

Irri

gatio

n &

Dra

inag

e)

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Re

sour

ces

&

Envi

ronm

ent A

ND/

OR

ECER

DC

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

(D

epar

tmen

t of

Irri

gatio

n &

Dr

aina

ge)

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Re

sour

ces

&

Envi

ronm

ent

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

(D

epar

tmen

t of

Irri

gatio

n &

Dr

aina

ge)

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Re

sour

ces

&

Envi

ronm

ent

OR

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

AND/

OR

Paha

ng S

tate

G

over

nmen

t

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

(D

epar

tmen

t of I

rrig

atio

n &

Dra

inag

e)

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Res

ourc

es &

En

viro

nmen

t

Drai

nage

Wor

ks A

ct

1954

(198

8)

58 Annexes

Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Se

rvic

e D

eliv

ery

Regu

lato

rD

ata

Dep

osit

ory

Legi

slat

ion

Drai

nage

&

Irri

gatio

n (L

ocal

Dr

aina

ge N

etw

ork)

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Re

sour

ces

&

Envi

ronm

ent

Mun

icip

al O

R Pr

ivat

e De

velo

pers

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

Stre

et, D

rain

age

and

Build

ing

Act 1

974

(199

4)

Stre

et, D

rain

age

and

Build

ing

By-la

w

(Com

poun

ding

Offe

nses

) (M

PK) 1

983

Loca

l Gov

ernm

ent A

ct

(197

6): (

Peni

nsul

ar)

Tow

n an

d Co

untr

y Pl

anni

ng A

ct 1

976

Uni

form

Bui

ldin

g (P

ahan

g) B

y-La

ws

1996

U

nifo

rm (P

ahan

g)

(Am

endm

ents

) By-

Law

s 20

00

Sew

erag

e

Suru

hanj

aya

Perk

hidm

atan

Ai

r Neg

ara

- SP

AN (N

atio

nal

Wat

er S

ervi

ces

Com

mis

sion

Jaba

tan

Perk

hidm

atan

Pe

mbe

ntun

gan

(Sew

erag

e Se

rvic

es

Depa

rtm

ent)

M

inis

try

of E

nerg

y,

Gree

n Te

chno

logy

&

Wat

er (K

ETTH

A)

Inda

h W

ater

Kon

sort

ium

(IW

K)

Suru

hanj

aya

Perk

hidm

atan

Ai

r Neg

ara

- SP

AN (N

atio

nal

Wat

er S

ervi

ces

Com

mis

sion

)

Inda

h W

ater

Ko

nsor

tium

(IW

K)

Sew

erag

e Se

rvic

es A

ct

1993

(Act

508

) Ac

t 654

Sur

uhan

jaya

Pe

rkhi

dmat

an A

ir

Neg

ara

Act 2

006

Solid

Was

te

(Col

lect

ion)

Min

istr

y of

Urb

an

Wel

lbei

ng, H

ousi

ng

& L

ocal

Gov

ernm

ent

Jaba

tan

Peng

urus

an

Sisa

Pep

ejal

Neg

ara

(Nat

iona

l Sol

id

Was

te M

anag

emen

t De

part

men

t)

Min

istr

y of

Urb

an

Wel

lbei

ng, H

ousi

ng

& L

ocal

Gov

ernm

ent

Perb

adan

an P

engu

rusa

n Si

sa P

epej

al d

an

Pem

bers

ihan

Aw

am (P

PSPP

A)

Min

istr

y of

Urb

an W

ellb

eing

, Hou

sing

&

Loca

l Gov

ernm

ent

Jaba

tan

Peng

urus

an

Sisa

Pep

ejal

Neg

ara

(Nat

iona

l Sol

id

Was

te M

anag

emen

t De

part

men

t)

Min

istr

y of

Urb

an

Wel

lbei

ng, H

ousi

ng

& L

ocal

Gov

ernm

ent

Perb

adan

an

Peng

urus

an

Sisa

Pep

ejal

dan

Pe

mbe

rsih

an A

wam

(P

PSPP

A)

Min

istr

y of

Urb

an

Wel

lbei

ng, H

ousi

ng

& L

ocal

Gov

ernm

ent

Solid

Was

te

Man

agem

ent a

nd P

ublic

Cl

eans

ing

Corp

orat

ion

Act 2

007

(Act

673

)

Tabl

e 3-

6 Co

ntin

ued


Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Se

rvic

e D

eliv

ery

Regu

lato

rD

ata

Dep

osit

ory

Legi

slat

ion

Solid

Was

te

(Dis

posa

l - P

ublic

)

Min

istr

y of

Urb

an

Wel

lbei

ng, H

ousi

ng

& L

ocal

Gov

ernm

ent

Jaba

tan

Peng

urus

an S

isa

Pepe

jal N

egar

a

(Nat

iona

l Sol

id W

aste

Man

agem

ent

Depa

rtm

ent)

M

inis

try

of U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng, H

ousi

ng &

Lo

cal G

over

nmen

t

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

Jaba

tan

Alam

Se

kita

r (D

epar

tmen

t of

Envi

ronm

ent)

M

inis

try

of N

atur

al

Reso

urce

s an

d En

viro

nmen

t

Jaba

tan

Peng

urus

an

Sisa

Pep

ejal

Neg

ara

(Nat

iona

l Sol

id

Was

te M

anag

emen

t De

part

men

t)

Min

istr

y of

Urb

an

Wel

lbei

ng, H

ousi

ng

& L

ocal

Gov

ernm

ent

Act 6

72 -

Solid

Was

te

and

Publ

ic C

lean

sing

M

anag

emen

t Act

200

7

(effl

uent

) Re

fuse

Col

lect

ion,

Re

mov

al a

nd D

ispo

sal

By-la

w M

PK 1

983

Colle

ctio

n, R

emov

al

and

Disp

osal

of S

olid

W

aste

By-

law

(MPK

) (a

men

dmen

t) 2

007

Guid

elin

es a

nd P

olic

ies

Rega

rdin

g So

lid W

aste

St

orag

e Sy

stem

at M

PK

(app

rove

d by

MPK

Ful

l M

eetin

g N

o. 1

/89

date

d 2

Febr

uary

198

9)

Solid

Was

te

(Dis

posa

l - P

riva

te)

Min

istr

y of

Urb

an

Wel

lbei

ng, H

ousi

ng

& L

ocal

Gov

ernm

ent

Jaba

tan

Peng

urus

an

Sisa

Pep

ejal

Neg

ara

(Nat

iona

l Sol

id

Was

te M

anag

emen

t De

part

men

t)

Min

istr

y of

Urb

an

Wel

lbei

ng, H

ousi

ng

& L

ocal

Gov

ernm

ent

Priv

ate

Conc

essi

onai

re

Jaba

tan

Alam

Se

kita

r (D

epar

tmen

t of

Envi

ronm

ent)

M

inis

try

of N

atur

al

Reso

urce

s an

d En

viro

nmen

t

Jaba

tan

Peng

urus

an

Sisa

Pep

ejal

Neg

ara

(Nat

iona

l Sol

id

Was

te M

anag

emen

t De

part

men

t)

Min

istr

y of

Urb

an

Wel

lbei

ng, H

ousi

ng

& L

ocal

Gov

ernm

ent

Act 6

72 -

Solid

Was

te

and

Publ

ic C

lean

sing

M

anag

emen

t Act

200

7 L

ocal

Gov

ernm

ent

(Am

endm

ent)

Act

200

7

Wat

er

Suru

hanj

aya

Perk

hidm

atan

Ai

r Neg

ara

- SP

AN (N

atio

nal

Wat

er S

ervi

ces

Com

mis

sion

)

Jaba

tan

Beka

lan

Air

(Sew

erag

e Se

rvic

es

Depa

rtm

ent)

M

inis

try

of E

nerg

y,

Gree

n Te

chno

logy

&

Wat

er (K

ETTH

A)

Peng

urus

an A

ir P

ahan

g Be

rhad

(PAI

P)

Suru

hanj

aya

Perk

hidm

atan

Ai

r Neg

ara

- SP

AN (N

atio

nal

Wat

er S

ervi

ces

Com

mis

sion

)

Peng

urus

an A

ir

Paha

ng B

erha

d (P

AIP)

Act 6

54 –

Sur

uhan

jaya

Pe

rkhi

dmat

an A

ir

Neg

ara

Act 2

006

Act 6

55 -

Wat

er S

ervi

ce

Indu

stry

Act

200

6

60 Annexes

Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Se

rvic

e D

eliv

ery

Regu

lato

rD

ata

Dep

osit

ory

Legi

slat

ion

Elec

tric

ity N

etw

ork

(Dis

trib

utio

n)Su

ruha

njay

a Te

naga

Tena

ga N

asio

nal

Berh

ad

Tena

ga N

asio

nal

Berh

ad O

R Pr

ivat

e De

velo

per

Tena

ga N

asio

nal

Berh

adSu

ruha

njay

a Te

naga

Tena

ga N

asio

nal

Berh

ad

Act 6

10 -

Ener

gy

Com

mis

sion

Act

200

1 Ac

t 447

- El

ectr

icity

Su

pply

Act

199

0

Tele

com

mun

icat

ions

N

etw

ork

Mal

aysi

a Co

mm

unic

atio

ns a

nd M

ultim

edia

Co

mm

issi

onPr

ivat

e Te

leco

mm

unic

atio

ns C

ompa

nies

Mal

aysi

a Co

mm

unic

atio

ns a

nd M

ultim

edia

Co

mm

issi

on

Com

mun

icat

ions

and

M

ultim

edia

Act

199

8 Co

mm

unic

atio

ns a

nd

Mul

timed

ia C

omm

issi

on

Act (

1998

)

Gas

Supp

lySu

ruha

njay

a Te

naga

Gas

Mal

aysi

a Be

rhad

( M

MC

Com

pany

)Su

ruha

njay

a Te

naga

Gas

Mal

aysi

a Be

rhad

( M

MC

Com

pany

)Ga

s Su

pply

Act

199

3

Publ

ic B

uild

ings

and

Cor

e U

rban

Ser

vice

s

Publ

ic M

arke

ts &

H

awke

rsM

ajlis

Per

band

aran

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

AND/

OR

Jaba

tan

Alam

Sek

itar

(Dep

artm

ent o

f En

viro

nmen

t)

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Re

sour

ces

and

Envi

ronm

ent

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

Who

lesa

le M

arke

t By

-law

(MPK

) 200

7 Pe

tty

Trad

ers

By-la

w

(MPK

) 199

3 M

arke

t By-

law

(MPK

) 19

90

Cont

rol a

nd M

onito

ring

of

Foo

d Pr

emis

e By

-law

(M

PK) 1

983

Ope

n Sp

aces

&

Publ

ic P

arks

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

anPa

rk B

y-la

w (M

PK) 2

006

Polic

e St

atio

ns

Min

istr

y of

Hom

e Aff

airs

AN

D/O

R

Jaba

tan

Pera

ncan

g Ba

ndar

dan

Des

a

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

and

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent

Polis

Dir

aja

Mal

aysi

a

(Pol

ice

Depa

rtm

ent)

M

inis

try

of H

ome

Affai

rsM

inis

try

of H

ome

Affai

rs

Fire

Sta

tions

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

and

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent

Fire

Dep

artm

ent (

BOM

BA)

Min

istr

y of

Urb

an W

ellb

eing

, Hou

sing

and

Loc

al G

over

nmen

tFi

re S

ervi

ces

Act 1

988

(Act

341

)

Tabl

e 3-

6 Co

ntin

ued


Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Se

rvic

e D

eliv

ery

Regu

lato

rD

ata

Dep

osit

ory

Legi

slat

ion

Hos

pita

ls a

nd

Med

ical

Car

e

Min

istr

y of

Hea

lth

AND/

OR

Ja

bata

n Pe

ranc

ang

Band

ar d

an D

esa

M

inis

try

of

Urb

an W

ellb

eing

, H

ousi

ng a

nd L

ocal

Go

vern

men

t

Baha

gian

Pem

bang

unan

M

inis

try

of H

ealth

OR

Priv

ate

Hos

pita

lM

inis

try

of H

ealth

O

R Pr

ivat

e H

ospi

tal

Min

istr

y of

Hea

lth

Scho

ols

Min

istr

y of

Ed

ucat

ion

Min

istr

y of

Edu

catio

n AN

D Ja

bata

n Ke

rja

Raya

(Pub

lic W

orks

Dep

artm

ent)

Min

istr

y of

Edu

catio

n

Inst

itute

of H

ighe

r Le

arni

ngM

inis

try

of H

ighe

r Ed

ucat

ion

Min

istr

y of

Hig

her E

duca

tion

AND

Priv

ate

OR

Publ

ic E

duca

tion

Inst

itutio

n M

inis

try

of H

ighe

r Edu

catio

n

Libr

arie

sM

inis

try

of In

form

atio

n, C

omm

unic

atio

n an

d Cu

lture

Art &

Cul

tura

l Ce

nter

sM

inis

try

of In

form

atio

n, C

omm

unic

atio

n an

d Cu

lture

Hot

els

Min

istr

y of

Tou

rism

&

Cul

ture

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rsM

inis

try

of T

ouri

sm &

Cul

ture

Innk

eepe

rs A

ct 1

952

Boar

ding

Hou

se

Proc

edur

e (A

men

dmen

t)

(MPK

) 198

3

Hom

es, N

urse

ries

&

Kind

erga

rden

s

Min

istr

y of

W

omen

, Fam

ily

& C

omm

unity

De

velo

pmen

t

Wel

fare

Dep

artm

ent

Min

istr

y of

W

omen

, Fam

ily

& C

omm

unity

De

velo

pmen

t

Priv

ate

Busi

ness

Ow

ner

Wel

fare

Dep

artm

ent

Min

istr

y of

W

omen

, Fam

ily

& C

omm

unity

De

velo

pmen

t

Min

istr

y of

W

omen

, Fam

ily

& C

omm

unity

De

velo

pmen

t

Act 3

08 C

HIL

D CA

RE

CEN

TRE

ACT

1984

Com

mun

ity

Cent

ers

(Inc

ludi

ng

Spor

ts F

acili

ties,

M

ultip

urpo

se H

alls

, et

c)

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

Publ

ic H

ousi

ng-P

PR

(Fun

ded

Fede

ral)

Jaba

tan

Peru

mah

an N

egar

aM

ajlis

Per

band

aran

Publ

ic H

ousi

ng -

PPR

(Sta

te)

Jaba

tan

Peru

mah

an

Neg

ara

Hou

sing

Div

isio

n Pa

hang

Sta

te

Gove

rnm

ent

SPN

B AN

D/O

R Pr

ivat

e De

velo

pers

JMB

Hou

sing

Div

isio

n Pa

hang

Sta

te

Gove

rnm

ent

Adve

rtis

emen

tsM

ajlis

Per

band

aran

Priv

ate

Com

pani

esM

ajlis

Per

band

aran

Priv

ate

Com

pani

esAd

vert

isin

g By

-law

( M

PK )

1983

62 Annexes

Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Se

rvic

e D

eliv

ery

Regu

lato

rD

ata

Dep

osit

ory

Legi

slat

ion

Traffi

c M

anag

emen

t/

Cong

estio

n Co

ntro

l an

d M

onito

ring

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

(Loc

al M

unic

ipal

) AN

D/O

R Po

lice

Dira

ja M

alay

sia

(PDR

M)

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an A

ND/

OR

Paha

ng S

tate

Gov

ernm

ent

Land

Val

uatio

ns

(Sta

te L

and)

Valu

atio

n an

d Pr

oper

ty M

anag

emen

t Dep

artm

ent (

Mun

icip

al)

Loca

l Gov

ernm

ent A

ct

171

Land

Val

uatio

ns

(Fed

eral

Lan

d)Va

luat

ion

and

Prop

erty

Ser

vice

s De

part

men

t, M

inis

try

of F

inan

ce

Build

ing

Cont

rol

Com

mer

cial

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

and

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent A

ND

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rsPr

ivat

e O

wne

rs/

JMB

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

and

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent A

ND

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

1. S

tree

t, Dr

aina

ge A

nd

Build

ing

Act 1

974

2.

Bui

ldin

g an

d Co

mm

on

Prop

erty

(Mai

nten

ance

an

d M

anag

emen

t) A

ct

2007

[Act

663

] 3.

Build

ing

By-la

w

(Pah

ang)

199

6

(Am

endm

ent)

200

0 (A

men

dmen

t) 2

007

Resi

dent

ial

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

and

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent A

ND

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rsPr

ivat

e O

wne

rs/

JMB

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

and

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent A

ND

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

1. S

tree

t, Dr

aina

ge A

nd

Build

ing

Act 1

974

2.

Hou

sing

Dev

elop

men

t (C

ontr

ol a

nd L

icen

sing

) 19

66 [A

ct 1

18]

3. B

uild

ing

and

Com

mon

Pr

oper

ty (M

aint

enan

ce

and

Man

agem

ent)

Act

20

07 [A

ct 6

63]

4.Bu

ildin

g By

-law

(P

ahan

g) 1

996

(A

men

dmen

t) 2

000

(Am

endm

ent)

200

7

Publ

ic B

uild

ings

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

and

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent A

ND

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

Resp

ectiv

e M

inis

trie

s

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

and

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent A

ND

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

1. S

tree

t, Dr

aina

ge A

nd

Build

ing

Act 1

974

2.

.Bui

ldin

g By

-law

(P

ahan

g) 1

996

(A

men

dmen

t) 2

000

(Am

endm

ent)

200

7

Tabl

e 3-

6 Co

ntin

ued


Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Se

rvic

e D

eliv

ery

Regu

lato

rD

ata

Dep

osit

ory

Legi

slat

ion

Her

itage

Bui

ldin

gs

Her

itage

Co

mm

issi

on

Mal

aysi

a AN

D/O

R M

ajlis

Per

band

aran

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rs/

Resp

ectiv

e M

inis

try

Her

itage

Co

mm

issi

on

Mal

aysi

a AN

D/O

R M

ajlis

Per

band

aran

Her

itage

Co

mm

issi

on

Mal

aysi

a AN

D/O

R M

ajlis

Per

band

aran

Nat

iona

l Her

itage

Act

20

05

No

Fly

Zone

s (B

uild

ing

Hei

ghts

)

Min

istr

y of

Tr

ansp

ort

(Dep

artm

ent o

f Av

iatio

n) A

ND

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

Min

istr

y of

Tr

ansp

ort

(Dep

artm

ent o

f Av

iatio

n)

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rsM

inis

try

of T

rans

port

(Dep

artm

ent o

f Av

iatio

n) A

ND

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

Civi

l Avi

atio

n Ac

t 196

9 Ai

rpor

t Sta

ndar

ds

Dire

ctiv

e 40

1 (C

ontr

ol

And

Deno

ting

Obs

tacl

es)

Spec

ial R

eser

ves

/ Zo

nes

Cont

rol

Spec

ial E

cono

mic

Zo

ne (e

.g. E

CER

SEZ)

Min

istr

y of

Fin

ance

and

ECE

RDC

East

Coa

st E

cono

mic

Re

gion

Dev

elop

men

t Co

unci

l Act

200

8 (A

ct

688)

Her

itage

Zon

es

Her

itage

Co

mm

issi

on

Mal

aysi

a AN

D/O

R M

ajlis

Per

band

aran

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rs/

Resp

ectiv

e M

inis

try

Her

itage

Co

mm

issi

on

Mal

aysi

a AN

D/O

R M

ajlis

Per

band

aran

Her

itage

Co

mm

issi

on

Mal

aysi

a AN

D/O

R M

ajlis

Per

band

aran

Nat

iona

l Her

itage

Act

20

05

Rive

r Res

erve

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

(D

epar

tmen

t of I

rrig

atio

n &

Dra

inag

e)

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Res

ourc

es &

En

viro

nmen

t

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

(D

epar

tmen

t of

Irri

gatio

n &

Dr

aina

ge)

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Re

sour

ces

&

Envi

ronm

ent

O

R Pr

ivat

e De

velo

pers

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

(D

epar

tmen

t of

Irri

gatio

n &

Dr

aina

ge)

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Re

sour

ces

&

Envi

ronm

ent

O

R M

ajlis

Per

band

aran

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

(D

epar

tmen

t of I

rrig

atio

n &

Dra

inag

e)

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Res

ourc

es &

En

viro

nmen

t

Wat

ers

Act 1

920

(Act

41

8)

Eart

hwor

ks (M

PK)

By-L

aws

1992

Fore

st R

eser

veFo

rest

ry D

epar

tmen

t M

inis

try

of N

atur

al R

esou

rces

& E

nvir

onm

ent

Nat

iona

l For

estr

y Ac

t 19

84 (A

men

dmen

t 19

93)

Rest

rict

ed Z

ones

M

inis

try

of H

ome

Affai

rsPr

otec

ted

Area

s An

d Pr

otec

ted

Plac

es A

ct 1

959

64 Annexes

Tabl

e 3-

7: I

nsti

tuti

onal

Map

: Kot

a Ki

naba

lu, S

abah

Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Se

rvic

e D

eliv

ery

Regu

lato

rD

ata

Dep

osit

ory

Legi

slat

ion

Zoni

ng &

Lan

d us

e

Saba

h St

ate

Min

istr

y of

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent &

H

ousi

ng

AND

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Saba

h St

ate

Min

istr

y of

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent &

H

ousi

ng

AND

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Saba

h St

ate

Min

istr

y of

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent &

H

ousi

ng

AND

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

1. A

rtic

le 9

5D &

95E

of

the

Mal

aysi

an

Cons

titut

ion

(S

abah

doe

s no

t hav

e to

adh

ere

to p

olic

ies

dete

rmin

ed b

y th

e N

atio

nal C

ounc

il fo

r Lo

cal G

over

nmen

t &

Nat

iona

l Lan

d Co

unci

l) 2.

Loc

al G

over

nmen

t O

rdin

ance

196

1 (S

abah

No.

11

of 1

991)

3.

Tow

n an

d Co

untr

y Pl

anni

ng O

rdin

ance

(S

abah

Cap

. 141

)

Road

Net

wor

k (i

nclu

des

Stre

et L

ight

ing)

Priv

ate

Hig

hway

sM

inis

try

of W

orks

Lem

baga

Leb

uhra

ya

Mal

aysi

a Pr

ivat

e Co

nces

sion

aire

Priv

ate

Conc

essi

onai

reLe

mba

ga L

ebuh

raya

M

alay

sia

Priv

ate

Conc

essi

onai

re

Akta

231

, Ak

ta L

emba

ga

Lebu

hray

a M

alay

sia

(Per

bada

nan)

198

0

Fede

ral H

ighw

ays

/ Ro

ads

Min

istr

y of

Wor

ksJa

bata

n Ke

rja

Raya

Sa

bah

(Dep

artm

ent

of P

ublic

Wor

ks)

Jaba

tan

Kerj

a Ra

ya

Saba

h (D

epar

tmen

t of

Pub

lic W

orks

)

Saba

h St

ate

Min

istr

y of

Inf

rast

ruct

ure

Dev

elop

men

t Fe

dera

l Min

istr

y of

W

orks

Jaba

tan

Kerj

a Ra

ya

Saba

h (D

epar

tmen

t of

Pub

lic W

orks

)

Saba

h St

ate

Min

istr

y of

In

fras

truc

ture

D

evel

opm

ent

Fede

ral M

inis

try

of

Wor

ks

Jaba

tan

Kerj

a Ra

ya

Saba

h (D

epar

tmen

t of

Pub

lic W

orks

)

Saba

h St

ate

Min

istr

y of

In

fras

truc

ture

D

evel

opm

ent

Fede

ral M

inis

try

of

Wor

ks

Jaba

tan

Kerj

a Ra

ya

Saba

h (D

epar

tmen

t of

Pub

lic W

orks

)

Saba

h St

ate

Min

istr

y of

In

fras

truc

ture

D

evel

opm

ent

Fede

ral M

inis

try

of

Wor

ks

Fede

ral R

oad

Act 1

959

Stat

e / M

unic

ipal

Ro

ads

Jaba

tan

Kerj

a Ra

ya

Saba

h (D

epar

tmen

t of

Pub

lic W

orks

)

Saba

h St

ate

Min

istr

y of

In

fras

truc

ture

D

evel

opm

ent

Jaba

tan

Kerj

a Ra

ya

Saba

h

(Dep

artm

ent o

f Pu

blic

Wor

ks)

Jaba

tan

Kerj

a Ra

ya

Saba

h (D

epar

tmen

t of

Pub

lic W

orks

)

Jaba

tan

Kerj

a Ra

ya

Saba

h (D

epar

tmen

t of

Pub

lic W

orks

)

Saba

h St

ate

Min

istr

y of

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent &

H

ousi

ng

AND

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Jaba

tan

Kerj

a Ra

ya

Saba

h (D

epar

tmen

t of

Pub

lic W

orks

)

Road

Tra

nspo

rt A

ct

1987


Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Se

rvic

e D

eliv

ery

Regu

lato

rD

ata

Dep

osit

ory

Legi

slat

ion

Tran

spor

t Net

wor

k

Publ

ic P

arki

ngDe

wan

Ban

dara

ya

Kota

Kin

abal

uDe

wan

Ban

dara

ya

Kota

Kin

abal

uDe

wan

Ban

dara

ya

Kota

Kin

abal

uDe

wan

Ban

dara

ya

Kota

Kin

abal

uDe

wan

Ban

dara

ya

Kota

Kin

abal

uDe

wan

Ban

dara

ya

Kota

Kin

abal

u

Priv

ate

Park

ing

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

OR

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rs

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rs Pr

ivat

e De

velo

pers

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

anPr

ivat

e De

velo

pers

Bus

Net

wor

k &

St

atio

ns

Saba

h St

ate

Min

istr

y of

In

fras

truc

ture

De

velo

pmen

t (P

ublic

Tra

nspo

rt

Divi

sion

) AN

D Sa

bah

Com

mer

cial

Ve

hicl

e Li

cens

ing

Boar

d (P

rim

e M

inis

ter’s

De

part

men

t)

Saba

h St

ate

Min

istr

y of

In

fras

truc

ture

De

velo

pmen

t (P

ublic

Tra

nspo

rt

Divi

sion

)

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Saba

h Co

mm

erci

al

Vehi

cle

Lice

nsin

g Bo

ard

(Pri

me

Min

iste

r’s

Depa

rtm

ent)

Saba

h Co

mm

erci

al

Vehi

cle

Lice

nsin

g Bo

ard

(Pri

me

Min

iste

r’s

Depa

rtm

ent)

Rail

Net

wor

k &

St

atio

ns

Saba

h St

ate

Min

istr

y of

In

fras

truc

ture

D

evel

opm

ent

(Pub

lic T

rans

port

D

ivis

ion)

Jaba

tan

Kerj

a Ra

ya

Saba

h (D

epar

tmen

t of

Pub

lic W

orks

)

Jaba

tan

Kerj

a Ra

ya

Saba

h (D

epar

tmen

t of

Pub

lic W

orks

)

Jaba

tan

Kerj

a Ra

ya

Saba

h (D

epar

tmen

t of

Pub

lic W

orks

)

Saba

h St

ate

Min

istr

y of

In

fras

truc

ture

D

evel

opm

ent

(Pub

lic T

rans

port

D

ivis

ion)

Jaba

tan

Kerj

a Ra

ya

Saba

h (D

epar

tmen

t of

Pub

lic W

orks

)

Taxi

s &

Tax

i Sto

p

Saba

h Co

mm

erci

al

Vehi

cle

Lice

nsin

g Bo

ard

(Pri

me

Min

iste

r’s

Depa

rtm

ent)

Saba

h Co

mm

erci

al

Vehi

cle

Lice

nsin

g Bo

ard

(Pri

me

Min

iste

r’s

Depa

rtm

ent)

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Saba

h Co

mm

erci

al

Vehi

cle

Lice

nsin

g Bo

ard

(Pri

me

Min

iste

r’s

Depa

rtm

ent)

Saba

h Co

mm

erci

al

Vehi

cle

Lice

nsin

g Bo

ard

(Pri

me

Min

iste

r’s

Depa

rtm

ent)

LPKP

Act

198

7 (A

men

dmen

t 199

8)

Oth

er L

and

Publ

ic

Tran

spor

t

Saba

h St

ate

Min

istr

y of

In

fras

truc

ture

De

velo

pmen

t (P

ublic

Tra

nspo

rt

Divi

sion

) AN

D Sa

bah

Com

mer

cial

Ve

hicl

e Li

cens

ing

Boar

d (P

rim

e M

inis

ter’s

De

part

men

t)

Saba

h St

ate

Min

istr

y of

In

fras

truc

ture

De

velo

pmen

t (P

ublic

Tra

nspo

rt

Divi

sion

) AN

D Sa

bah

Com

mer

cial

Ve

hicl

e Li

cens

ing

Boar

d (P

rim

e M

inis

ter’s

De

part

men

t)

Saba

h St

ate

Min

istr

y of

Infr

astr

uctu

re

Deve

lopm

ent (

Publ

ic

Tran

spor

t Div

isio

n)

AND

Saba

h Co

mm

erci

al

Vehi

cle

Lice

nsin

g Bo

ard

(Pri

me

Min

iste

r’s

Depa

rtm

ent)

Saba

h St

ate

Min

istr

y of

Infr

astr

uctu

re

Deve

lopm

ent (

Publ

ic

Tran

spor

t Div

isio

n)

AND

Saba

h Co

mm

erci

al

Vehi

cle

Lice

nsin

g Bo

ard

(Pri

me

Min

iste

r’s

Depa

rtm

ent)

Saba

h St

ate

Min

istr

y of

In

fras

truc

ture

De

velo

pmen

t (P

ublic

Tra

nspo

rt

Divi

sion

) AN

D Sa

bah

Com

mer

cial

Ve

hicl

e Li

cens

ing

Boar

d (P

rim

e M

inis

ter’s

De

part

men

t)

Saba

h St

ate

Min

istr

y of

In

fras

truc

ture

De

velo

pmen

t (P

ublic

Tra

nspo

rt

Divi

sion

) AN

D Sa

bah

Com

mer

cial

Ve

hicl

e Li

cens

ing

Boar

d (P

rim

e M

inis

ter’s

De

part

men

t)

66 Annexes

Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Se

rvic

e D

eliv

ery

Regu

lato

rD

ata

Dep

osit

ory

Legi

slat

ion

Airp

orts

Depa

rtm

ent o

f Civ

il Av

iatio

n

Min

istr

y of

Tr

ansp

ort

Depa

rtm

ent o

f Civ

il Av

iatio

n

Min

istr

y of

Tr

ansp

ort

Mal

aysi

Air

port

s H

oldi

ngs

Berh

adM

alay

si A

irpo

rts

Hol

ding

s Be

rhad

Depa

rtm

ent o

f Civ

il Av

iatio

n

Min

istr

y of

Tr

ansp

ort

Depa

rtm

ent o

f Civ

il Av

iatio

n

Min

istr

y of

Tr

ansp

ort

CIVI

L AV

IATI

ON

ACT

19

69

Cycl

ing

Net

wor

kDe

wan

Ban

dara

ya

Kota

Kin

abal

uDe

wan

Ban

dara

ya

Kota

Kin

abal

uDe

wan

Ban

dara

ya

Kota

Kin

abal

uDe

wan

Ban

dara

ya

Kota

Kin

abal

uDe

wan

Ban

dara

ya

Kota

Kin

abal

uDe

wan

Ban

dara

ya

Kota

Kin

abal

u

Pede

stri

an N

etw

ork

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Drai

nage

&

Irri

gatio

n (F

lood

M

itiga

tion)

- N

on

Priv

atis

ed

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

, Sab

ah

Saba

h St

ate

Min

istr

y of

Ag

ricu

lture

& F

ood

Indu

stry

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

, Sab

ah

Saba

h St

ate

Min

istr

y of

Ag

ricu

lture

& F

ood

Indu

stry

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sa

liran

, Sab

ah

Saba

h St

ate

Min

istr

y of

Agr

icul

ture

& F

ood

Indu

stry

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sa

liran

, Sab

ah

Saba

h St

ate

Min

istr

y of

Agr

icul

ture

&

Food

Indu

stry

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

, Sab

ah

Saba

h St

ate

Min

istr

y of

Ag

ricu

lture

& F

ood

Indu

stry

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

, Sab

ah

Saba

h St

ate

Min

istr

y of

Ag

ricu

lture

& F

ood

Indu

stry

Drai

nage

&

Irri

gatio

n (L

ocal

Dr

aina

ge N

etw

ork)

Saba

h St

ate

Min

istr

y of

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent &

H

ousi

ng

AND

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

DBKK

OR

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rs

DBKK

OR

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rs

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

1. K

ota

Kina

balu

City

H

all (

DBKK

) Ena

ctm

ent

1996

2.

Loc

al G

over

nmen

t O

rdin

ance

196

1 (S

abah

No.

11

of 1

991)

3.

The

Stat

e Co

nser

vatio

n of

Env

iron

men

t En

actm

ent (

1996

)

Sew

erag

eDe

wan

Ban

dara

ya

Kota

Kin

abal

uDe

wan

Ban

dara

ya

Kota

Kin

abal

u

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

(Chi

ef M

inis

ters

De

part

men

t)

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Akta

Per

khid

mat

an

Pem

betu

ngan

199

3 (A

KTA

508)

A

CT 6

54 –

Su

ruha

njay

a Pe

rkhi

dmat

an A

ir

Neg

ara

ACT

2006

Solid

Was

te

(Col

lect

ion)

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Solid

Was

te

(Dis

posa

l - P

ublic

)De

wan

Ban

dara

ya

Kota

Kin

abal

uDe

wan

Ban

dara

ya

Kota

Kin

abal

uDe

wan

Ban

dara

ya

Kota

Kin

abal

uDe

wan

Ban

dara

ya

Kota

Kin

abal

uDe

wan

Ban

dara

ya

Kota

Kin

abal

uDe

wan

Ban

dara

ya

Kota

Kin

abal

u

Solid

Was

te

(Dis

posa

l - P

riva

te)

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Priv

ate

Conc

essi

onai

rePr

ivat

e Co

nces

sion

aire

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Tabl

e 3-

7 Co

ntin

ued


Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Se

rvic

e D

eliv

ery

Regu

lato

rD

ata

Dep

osit

ory

Legi

slat

ion

Wat

er

Saba

h St

ate

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er

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rtm

ent

Saba

h St

ate

Min

istr

y of

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fras

truc

ture

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velo

pmen

t

Saba

h St

ate

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er

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rtm

ent

Saba

h St

ate

Min

istr

y of

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fras

truc

ture

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velo

pmen

t

Saba

h St

ate

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er

Depa

rtm

ent

Saba

h St

ate

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istr

y of

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astr

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re

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lopm

ent

Saba

h St

ate

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er

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Saba

h St

ate

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istr

y of

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astr

uctu

re

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lopm

ent

Saba

h St

ate

Wat

er

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rtm

ent

Saba

h St

ate

Min

istr

y of

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fras

truc

ture

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velo

pmen

t

Saba

h St

ate

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er

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rtm

ent

Saba

h St

ate

Min

istr

y of

In

fras

truc

ture

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velo

pmen

t

Wat

er S

uppl

y O

rdin

ance

196

1 (S

abah

No.

16

of

1961

) Sa

bah

Wat

er

Reso

urce

s En

actm

ent

1998

(Sab

ah N

o. 6

of

1998

)

Elec

tric

ity N

etw

ork

(Dis

trib

utio

n)Su

ruha

njay

a Te

naga

Saba

h El

ectr

icity

Sd

n. B

hd. (

SESB

)Sa

bah

Elec

tric

ity

Sdn.

Bhd

. (SE

SB)

Saba

h El

ectr

icity

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n. B

hd. (

SESB

)Su

ruha

njay

a Te

naga

Saba

h El

ectr

icity

Sd

n. B

hd. (

SESB

)

Elec

tric

ity B

oard

O

rdin

ance

195

6 (S

abah

No.

27

of

1956

) El

ectr

icity

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inan

ce

(Sab

ah C

ap. 4

0)

Tele

com

mun

icat

ions

N

etw

ork

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aysi

a Co

mm

unic

atio

ns

and

Mul

timed

ia

Com

mis

sion

Mal

aysi

a Co

mm

unic

atio

ns

and

Mul

timed

ia

Com

mis

sion

Priv

ate

Tele

com

mun

icat

ions

Co

mpa

nies

Priv

ate

Tele

com

mun

icat

ions

Co

mpa

nies

Mal

aysi

a Co

mm

unic

atio

ns

and

Mul

timed

ia

Com

mis

sion

Mal

aysi

a Co

mm

unic

atio

ns

and

Mul

timed

ia

Com

mis

sion

Com

mun

icat

ions

and

M

ultim

edia

Act

199

8 Co

mm

unic

atio

ns

and

Mul

timed

ia

Com

mis

sion

Act

(1

998)

Gas

Supp

lySu

ruha

njay

a Te

naga

Gas

Mal

aysi

a Be

rhad

( M

MC

Com

pany

)

Gas

Mal

aysi

a Be

rhad

( M

MC

Com

pany

)Ga

s M

alay

sia

Berh

ad

( MM

C Co

mpa

ny)

Suru

hanj

aya

Tena

gaGa

s M

alay

sia

Berh

ad (

MM

C Co

mpa

ny)

GAS

SUPP

LY A

CT

1993

Publ

ic B

uild

ings

and

Ser

vice

s

Publ

ic M

arke

ts &

H

awke

rsDe

wan

Ban

dara

ya

Kota

Kin

abal

uDe

wan

Ban

dara

ya

Kota

Kin

abal

uDe

wan

Ban

dara

ya

Kota

Kin

abal

uDe

wan

Ban

dara

ya

Kota

Kin

abal

uDe

wan

Ban

dara

ya

Kota

Kin

abal

uDe

wan

Ban

dara

ya

Kota

Kin

abal

u

Ope

n Sp

aces

&

Publ

ic P

arks

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Polic

e St

atio

ns &

Se

rvic

esM

inis

try

of H

ome

Affai

rs

Jaba

tan

Kerj

a Ra

ya

(Pub

lic W

orks

De

part

men

t)

AND

Polis

Dir

aja

Mal

aysi

a

(Pol

ice

Depa

rtm

ent)

M

inis

try

of H

ome

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rs

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tan

Kerj

a Ra

ya

(Pub

lic W

orks

De

part

men

t) A

ND

Polis

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aja

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aysi

a

(Pol

ice

Depa

rtm

ent)

M

inis

try

of H

ome

Affai

rs

Polis

Dir

aja

Mal

aysi

a (P

olic

e De

part

men

t)

Min

istr

y of

Hom

e Aff

airs

Min

istr

y of

Hom

e Aff

airs

Min

istr

y of

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e Aff

airs

Laye

rs o

f the

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yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

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rvic

e D

eliv

ery

Regu

lato

rD

ata

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ory

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slat

ion

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orts

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rtm

ent o

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il Av

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n

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istr

y of

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ansp

ort

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rtm

ent o

f Civ

il Av

iatio

n

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istr

y of

Tr

ansp

ort

Mal

aysi

Air

port

s H

oldi

ngs

Berh

adM

alay

si A

irpo

rts

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ding

s Be

rhad

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rtm

ent o

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il Av

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n

Min

istr

y of

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ansp

ort

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rtm

ent o

f Civ

il Av

iatio

n

Min

istr

y of

Tr

ansp

ort

CIVI

L AV

IATI

ON

ACT

19

69

Cycl

ing

Net

wor

kDe

wan

Ban

dara

ya

Kota

Kin

abal

uDe

wan

Ban

dara

ya

Kota

Kin

abal

uDe

wan

Ban

dara

ya

Kota

Kin

abal

uDe

wan

Ban

dara

ya

Kota

Kin

abal

uDe

wan

Ban

dara

ya

Kota

Kin

abal

uDe

wan

Ban

dara

ya

Kota

Kin

abal

u

Pede

stri

an N

etw

ork

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Drai

nage

&

Irri

gatio

n (F

lood

M

itiga

tion)

- N

on

Priv

atis

ed

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

, Sab

ah

Saba

h St

ate

Min

istr

y of

Ag

ricu

lture

& F

ood

Indu

stry

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

, Sab

ah

Saba

h St

ate

Min

istr

y of

Ag

ricu

lture

& F

ood

Indu

stry

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sa

liran

, Sab

ah

Saba

h St

ate

Min

istr

y of

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icul

ture

& F

ood

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stry

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tan

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aira

n &

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liran

, Sab

ah

Saba

h St

ate

Min

istr

y of

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icul

ture

&

Food

Indu

stry

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

, Sab

ah

Saba

h St

ate

Min

istr

y of

Ag

ricu

lture

& F

ood

Indu

stry

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

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iran

, Sab

ah

Saba

h St

ate

Min

istr

y of

Ag

ricu

lture

& F

ood

Indu

stry

Drai

nage

&

Irri

gatio

n (L

ocal

Dr

aina

ge N

etw

ork)

Saba

h St

ate

Min

istr

y of

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent &

H

ousi

ng

AND

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

DBKK

OR

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rs

DBKK

OR

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rs

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

1. K

ota

Kina

balu

City

H

all (

DBKK

) Ena

ctm

ent

1996

2.

Loc

al G

over

nmen

t O

rdin

ance

196

1 (S

abah

No.

11

of 1

991)

3.

The

Stat

e Co

nser

vatio

n of

Env

iron

men

t En

actm

ent (

1996

)

Sew

erag

eDe

wan

Ban

dara

ya

Kota

Kin

abal

uDe

wan

Ban

dara

ya

Kota

Kin

abal

u

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

(Chi

ef M

inis

ters

De

part

men

t)

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Akta

Per

khid

mat

an

Pem

betu

ngan

199

3 (A

KTA

508)

A

CT 6

54 –

Su

ruha

njay

a Pe

rkhi

dmat

an A

ir

Neg

ara

ACT

2006

Solid

Was

te

(Col

lect

ion)

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Solid

Was

te

(Dis

posa

l - P

ublic

)De

wan

Ban

dara

ya

Kota

Kin

abal

uDe

wan

Ban

dara

ya

Kota

Kin

abal

uDe

wan

Ban

dara

ya

Kota

Kin

abal

uDe

wan

Ban

dara

ya

Kota

Kin

abal

uDe

wan

Ban

dara

ya

Kota

Kin

abal

uDe

wan

Ban

dara

ya

Kota

Kin

abal

u

Solid

Was

te

(Dis

posa

l - P

riva

te)

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Priv

ate

Conc

essi

onai

rePr

ivat

e Co

nces

sion

aire

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

68 Annexes

Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Se

rvic

e D

eliv

ery

Regu

lato

rD

ata

Dep

osit

ory

Legi

slat

ion

Fire

Sta

tions

&

Serv

ices

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

and

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent

Fire

Dep

artm

ent

(BO

MBA

) M

inis

try

of

Urb

an W

ellb

eing

, H

ousi

ng a

nd L

ocal

G

over

nmen

t

Fire

Dep

artm

ent

(BO

MBA

) M

inis

try

of

Urb

an W

ellb

eing

, H

ousi

ng a

nd L

ocal

G

over

nmen

t

Fire

Dep

artm

ent

(BO

MBA

) M

inis

try

of

Urb

an W

ellb

eing

, H

ousi

ng a

nd L

ocal

G

over

nmen

t

Fire

Dep

artm

ent

(BO

MBA

) M

inis

try

of

Urb

an W

ellb

eing

, H

ousi

ng a

nd L

ocal

G

over

nmen

t

Fire

Dep

artm

ent

(BO

MBA

) M

inis

try

of

Urb

an W

ellb

eing

, H

ousi

ng a

nd L

ocal

G

over

nmen

t

Fire

Ser

vice

s Ac

t 198

8 (A

ct 3

41)

Hos

pita

ls a

nd

Med

ical

Car

e

Min

istr

y of

Hea

lth

AND/

OR

Sa

bah

Stat

e M

inis

try

of L

ocal

Go

vern

men

t &

Hou

sing

Jaba

tan

Kerj

a Ra

ya

(Pub

lic W

orks

De

part

men

t)

AND

Baha

gian

Pe

mba

ngun

an

Min

istr

y of

Hea

lth

OR

Priv

ate

Hos

pita

l

Jaba

tan

Kerj

a Ra

ya

(Pub

lic W

orks

De

part

men

t)

AND

Baha

gian

Pe

mba

ngun

an

Min

istr

y of

Hea

lth

OR

Priv

ate

Hos

pita

l

Min

istr

y of

Hea

lth

OR

Priv

ate

Hos

pita

lM

inis

try

of H

ealth

M

inis

try

of H

ealth

Scho

ols

Min

istr

y of

Ed

ucat

ion

Jaba

tan

Kerj

a Ra

ya

(Pub

lic W

orks

De

part

men

t)

AND

Min

istr

y of

Ed

ucat

ion

Jaba

tan

Kerj

a Ra

ya

(Pub

lic W

orks

De

part

men

t) A

ND

Min

istr

y of

Edu

catio

n

Min

istr

y of

Ed

ucat

ion

Min

istr

y of

Ed

ucat

ion

Inst

itute

of H

ighe

r Le

arni

ngM

inis

try

of H

ighe

r Ed

ucat

ion

Priv

ate

OR

Publ

ic E

duca

tion

Inst

itutio

n A

ND

Min

istr

y of

Hig

her

Educ

atio

n

Priv

ate

OR

Publ

ic

Educ

atio

n In

stitu

tion

AND

Min

istr

y of

H

ighe

r Edu

catio

n

Priv

ate

OR

Publ

ic E

duca

tion

Inst

itutio

n A

ND

Min

istr

y of

Hig

her

Educ

atio

n

Min

istr

y of

Hig

her

Educ

atio

nM

inis

try

of H

ighe

r Ed

ucat

ion

Libr

arie

s

Min

istr

y of

In

form

atio

n,

Com

mun

icat

ion

and

Cultu

re

Min

istr

y of

In

form

atio

n,

Com

mun

icat

ion

and

Cultu

re

Min

istr

y of

In

form

atio

n,

Com

mun

icat

ion

and

Cultu

re

Min

istr

y of

In

form

atio

n,

Com

mun

icat

ion

and

Cultu

re

Min

istr

y of

In

form

atio

n,

Com

mun

icat

ion

and

Cultu

re

Min

istr

y of

In

form

atio

n,

Com

mun

icat

ion

and

Cultu

re

Art &

Cul

tura

l Ce

nter

s

Min

istr

y of

In

form

atio

n,

Com

mun

icat

ion

and

Cultu

re

Min

istr

y of

In

form

atio

n,

Com

mun

icat

ion

and

Cultu

re

Min

istr

y of

In

form

atio

n,

Com

mun

icat

ion

and

Cultu

re

Min

istr

y of

In

form

atio

n,

Com

mun

icat

ion

and

Cultu

re

Min

istr

y of

In

form

atio

n,

Com

mun

icat

ion

and

Cultu

re

Min

istr

y of

Info

rmat

ion,

Com

mun

icat

ion

and

Cultu

re

Hot

els

Saba

h M

inis

try

of

Tour

ism

, Cul

ture

an

d En

viro

nmen

t Sa

bah

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rsPr

ivat

e De

velo

pers

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rs

Saba

h M

inis

try

of

Tour

ism

, Cul

ture

an

d En

viro

nmen

t Sa

bah

Saba

h M

inis

try

of

Tour

ism

, Cul

ture

an

d En

viro

nmen

t Sa

bah

Hom

es, N

urse

ries

&

Kind

erga

rden

s

Min

istr

y of

W

omen

, Fam

ily

& C

omm

unit

y D

evel

opm

ent

Priv

ate

Busi

ness

O

wne

rPr

ivat

e Bu

sine

ss

Ow

ner

Priv

ate

Busi

ness

O

wne

r

Wel

fare

Dep

artm

ent

Min

istr

y of

W

omen

, Fam

ily

& C

omm

unit

y D

evel

opm

ent

Min

istr

y of

W

omen

, Fam

ily

& C

omm

unity

De

velo

pmen

t

Act 3

08 C

HIL

D CA

RE

CEN

TRE

ACT

1984

Tabl

e 3-

7 Co

ntin

ued


Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Se

rvic

e D

eliv

ery

Regu

lato

rD

ata

Dep

osit

ory

Legi

slat

ion

Com

mun

ity

Cent

ers

(Inc

ludi

ng

Spor

ts F

acili

ties,

M

ultip

urpo

se H

alls

, et

c)

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Publ

ic H

ousi

ng-P

PR

(Fun

ded

Fede

ral)

Jaba

tan

Peru

mah

an

Neg

ara

Jaba

tan

Peru

mah

an

Neg

ara

Jaba

tan

Peru

mah

an

Neg

ara

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

anM

ajlis

Per

band

aran

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

Publ

ic H

ousi

ng-P

PR

( Sta

te)

Saba

h St

ate

Min

istr

y of

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent &

H

ousi

ng

Saba

h St

ate

Min

istr

y of

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent &

H

ousi

ng

Saba

h St

ate

Min

istr

y of

Loc

al G

over

nmen

t &

Hou

sing

Saba

h St

ate

Min

istr

y of

Loc

al G

over

nmen

t &

Hou

sing

Saba

h St

ate

Min

istr

y of

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent &

H

ousi

ng

Saba

h St

ate

Min

istr

y of

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent &

H

ousi

ng

Adve

rtis

emen

tsDe

wan

Ban

dara

ya

Kota

Kin

abal

uPr

ivat

e Co

mpa

nies

Priv

ate

Com

pani

esPr

ivat

e Co

mpa

nies

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Priv

ate

Com

pani

es K

ota

Kina

balu

City

H

all (

Adve

rtis

emen

t)

By-la

ws

1983

Traffi

c M

anag

emen

t/

Cong

estio

n Co

ntro

l an

d M

onito

ring

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

AND

/OR

Polic

e Di

raja

Mal

aysi

a (P

DRM

)

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

AND

/OR

Polic

e Di

raja

Mal

aysi

a (P

DRM

)

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

AND

/O

R Po

lice

Dira

ja

Mal

aysi

a (P

DRM

)

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

AND

/O

R Po

lice

Dira

ja

Mal

aysi

a (P

DRM

)

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

AND

/OR

Polic

e Di

raja

Mal

aysi

a (P

DRM

)

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

AND

/OR

Polic

e Di

raja

Mal

aysi

a (P

DRM

)

Land

Val

uatio

ns

(Sta

te L

and)

Valu

atio

n an

d Pr

oper

ty

Man

agem

ent

Depa

rtm

ent

(Mun

icip

al)

Valu

atio

n an

d Pr

oper

ty

Man

agem

ent

Depa

rtm

ent

(Mun

icip

al)

Valu

atio

n an

d Pr

oper

ty

Man

agem

ent

Depa

rtm

ent

(Mun

icip

al)

Valu

atio

n an

d Pr

oper

ty

Man

agem

ent

Depa

rtm

ent

(Mun

icip

al)

Valu

atio

n an

d Pr

oper

ty

Man

agem

ent

Depa

rtm

ent

(Mun

icip

al)

Valu

atio

n an

d Pr

oper

ty

Man

agem

ent

Depa

rtm

ent

(Mun

icip

al)

Loca

l Gov

ernm

ent

Act 1

71

70 Annexes

Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Se

rvic

e D

eliv

ery

Regu

lato

rD

ata

Dep

osit

ory

Legi

slat

ion

Build

ing

Cont

rol

Com

mer

cial

Saba

h St

ate

Min

istr

y of

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent &

H

ousi

ng

AND

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rsPr

ivat

e De

velo

pers

Priv

ate

Ow

ners

/ JM

B

Saba

h St

ate

Min

istr

y of

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent &

H

ousi

ng

AND

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

2. L

ocal

Gov

ernm

ent

Ord

inan

ce 1

961

(Sab

ah N

o. 1

1 of

199

1)

3. T

own

and

Coun

try

Plan

ning

Ord

inan

ce

(Sab

ah C

ap. 1

41)

Resi

dent

ial

Saba

h St

ate

Min

istr

y of

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent &

H

ousi

ng

AND

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rsPr

ivat

e De

velo

pers

Priv

ate

Ow

ners

/ JM

B

Saba

h St

ate

Min

istr

y of

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent &

H

ousi

ng

AND

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

2. L

ocal

Gov

ernm

ent

Ord

inan

ce 1

961

(Sab

ah N

o. 1

1 of

199

1)

3. T

own

and

Coun

try

Plan

ning

Ord

inan

ce

(Sab

ah C

ap. 1

41)

Publ

ic B

uild

ings

Saba

h St

ate

Min

istr

y of

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent &

H

ousi

ng

AND

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Resp

ectiv

e M

inis

trie

sRe

spec

tive

Min

istr

ies

Resp

ectiv

e M

inis

trie

s

Saba

h St

ate

Min

istr

y of

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent &

H

ousi

ng

AND

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

Dew

an B

anda

raya

Ko

ta K

inab

alu

2. L

ocal

Gov

ernm

ent

Ord

inan

ce 1

961

(Sab

ah N

o. 1

1 of

199

1)

3. T

own

and

Coun

try

Plan

ning

Ord

inan

ce

(Sab

ah C

ap. 1

41)

Her

itage

Bui

ldin

gs

Her

itage

Co

mm

issi

on

Mal

aysi

a AN

D/O

R M

ajlis

Per

band

aran

(M

unic

ipal

)

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rs/

Resp

ectiv

e M

inis

try

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rs/

Resp

ectiv

e M

inis

try

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rs/

Resp

ectiv

e M

inis

try

Her

itage

Co

mm

issi

on

Mal

aysi

a AN

D/O

R M

ajlis

Per

band

aran

(M

unic

ipal

)

Her

itage

Co

mm

issi

on

Mal

aysi

a AN

D/O

R M

ajlis

Per

band

aran

(M

unic

ipal

)

Nat

iona

l Her

itage

Act

20

05

No

Fly

Zone

s (B

uild

ing

Hei

ghts

)

Min

istr

y of

Tr

ansp

ort

(Dep

artm

ent o

f Av

iati

on) A

ND

M

ajlis

Per

band

aran

(M

unic

ipal

)

Min

istr

y of

Tr

ansp

ort

(Dep

artm

ent o

f Av

iati

on)

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rsPr

ivat

e De

velo

pers

Min

istr

y of

Tr

ansp

ort

(Dep

artm

ent o

f Av

iatio

n) A

ND

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

(Mun

icip

al)

Min

istr

y of

Tr

ansp

ort

(Dep

artm

ent o

f Av

iatio

n) A

ND

Maj

lis P

erba

ndar

an

(Mun

icip

al)

Tabl

e 3-

7 Co

ntin

ued


Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Se

rvic

e D

eliv

ery

Regu

lato

rD

ata

Dep

osit

ory

Legi

slat

ion

Spec

ial R

eser

ves

/ Zo

nes

Cont

rol

SEDI

AM

inis

try

of F

inan

ce

AND

SEDI

AM

inis

try

of F

inan

ce

AND

SEDI

AM

inis

try

of F

inan

ce

AND

SEDI

AM

inis

try

of F

inan

ce

AND

SEDI

AM

inis

try

of F

inan

ce

AND

SEDI

AM

inis

try

of F

inan

ce

AND

SEDI

A

Her

itage

Zon

es

Her

itage

Co

mm

issi

on

Mal

aysi

a AN

D/O

R M

ajlis

Per

band

aran

(M

unic

ipal

)

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rs/

Resp

ectiv

e M

inis

try

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rs/

Resp

ectiv

e M

inis

try

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rs/

Resp

ectiv

e M

inis

try

Her

itage

Co

mm

issi

on

Mal

aysi

a AN

D/O

R M

ajlis

Per

band

aran

(M

unic

ipal

)

Her

itage

Co

mm

issi

on

Mal

aysi

a AN

D/O

R M

ajlis

Per

band

aran

(M

unic

ipal

)

Nat

iona

l Her

itage

Act

20

05

Rive

r Res

erve

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

, Sab

ah

Saba

h St

ate

Min

istr

y of

Ag

ricu

lture

& F

ood

Indu

stry

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

, Sab

ah

Saba

h St

ate

Min

istr

y of

Ag

ricu

lture

& F

ood

Indu

stry

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sa

liran

, Sab

ah

Saba

h St

ate

Min

istr

y of

Agr

icul

ture

& F

ood

Indu

stry

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sa

liran

, Sab

ah

Saba

h St

ate

Min

istr

y of

Agr

icul

ture

&

Food

Indu

stry

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

, Sab

ah

Saba

h St

ate

Min

istr

y of

Ag

ricu

lture

& F

ood

Indu

stry

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

, Sab

ah

Saba

h St

ate

Min

istr

y of

Ag

ricu

lture

& F

ood

Indu

stry

Cons

erva

tion

of E

nvir

onm

ent

Enac

tmen

t 199

6 (S

abah

No.

14

of

1996

)

Fore

st R

eser

ve

Fore

stry

De

part

men

t Sa

bah

Chie

f M

inis

ter

Dep

artm

ent

Fore

stry

De

part

men

t Sa

bah

Chie

f M

inis

ter

Dep

artm

ent

Fore

stry

Dep

artm

ent

Saba

h Ch

ief M

inis

ter

Dep

artm

ent

Fore

stry

Dep

artm

ent

Saba

h Ch

ief

Min

iste

r D

epar

tmen

t

Fore

stry

De

part

men

t Sa

bah

Chie

f M

inis

ter

Dep

artm

ent

Fore

stry

De

part

men

t Sa

bah

Chie

f M

inis

ter

Dep

artm

ent

Fore

st E

nact

men

t 19

68 (S

abah

No.

2 o

f 19

68)

Fore

st (C

onst

itutio

n of

For

est R

eser

ve

and

Amen

dmen

t)

Enac

tmen

t 198

4 (S

abah

N

o. 4

of 1

984)

Rest

rict

ed Z

ones

M

inis

try

of H

ome

Affai

rsM

inis

try

of H

ome

Affai

rsM

inis

try

of H

ome

Affai

rsM

inis

try

of H

ome

Affai

rsM

inis

try

of H

ome

Affai

rsM

inis

try

of H

ome

Affai

rs

Prot

ecte

d Ar

eas

and

Prot

ecte

d Pl

aces

Act

195

9

72 Annexes

Tabl

e 3-

8: I

nsti

tuti

onal

Map

: Kuc

hing

, Sar

awak

Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Se

rvic

e D

eliv

ery

Regu

lato

rD

ata

Dep

osit

ory

Legi

slat

ion

Zoni

ng &

Lan

d us

e

Sara

wak

Min

istr

y of

Re

sour

ce P

lann

ing

and

Envi

ronm

ent

AND

Mun

icip

al C

ounc

il

Mun

icip

al C

ounc

ilM

unic

ipal

Cou

ncil

Mun

icip

al C

ounc

il

Sara

wak

Min

istr

y of

Re

sour

ce P

lann

ing

and

Envi

ronm

ent

AND

Mun

icip

al C

ounc

il

Sara

wak

Min

istr

y of

Re

sour

ce P

lann

ing

and

Envi

ronm

ent

AND

Mun

icip

al C

ounc

il

Artic

le 9

5D &

95E

of

the

Mal

aysi

an

Cons

titut

ion

(S

araw

ak d

oes

not

have

to a

dher

e to

po

licie

s de

term

ined

by

the

Nat

iona

l Cou

ncil

for L

ocal

Gov

ernm

ent

& N

atio

nal L

and

Coun

cil)

Sara

wak

Lan

d Co

de,

1958

To

wn

and

Coun

try

Plan

ning

Sar

awak

Ca

p 87

Road

Net

wor

k (i

nclu

des

Stre

et L

ight

ing)

Priv

ate

Hig

hway

sM

inis

try

of W

orks

Mal

aysi

an H

ighw

ay

Auth

ority

(Lem

baga

Le

buhr

aya

Mal

aysi

a)

Priv

ate

Conc

essi

onai

rePr

ivat

e Co

nces

sion

aire

Lem

baga

Leb

uhra

ya

Mal

aysi

a Pr

ivat

e Co

nces

sion

aire

Hig

hway

Aut

hori

ty

Mal

aysi

a (I

ncor

pora

tion)

Act

19

80

Fede

ral H

ighw

ays

/ Ro

ads

Min

istr

y of

Wor

ks

Jaba

tan

Kerj

a Ra

ya (D

epar

tmen

t of

Pub

lic W

orks

) Sa

raw

ak

Jaba

tan

Kerj

a Ra

ya (D

epar

tmen

t of

Pub

lic W

orks

) Sa

raw

ak

Fede

ral M

inis

try

of

Wor

ks

Jaba

tan

Kerj

a Ra

ya (D

epar

tmen

t of

Pub

lic W

orks

) Sa

raw

ak

Fede

ral M

inis

try

of

Wor

ks

Jaba

tan

Kerj

a Ra

ya (D

epar

tmen

t of

Pub

lic W

orks

) Sa

raw

ak

Fede

ral M

inis

try

of

Wor

ks

Jaba

tan

Kerj

a Ra

ya (D

epar

tmen

t of

Pub

lic W

orks

) Sa

raw

ak

Fede

ral M

inis

try

of

Wor

ks

Fede

ral R

oad

Act 1

959

Stat

e Ro

ads

Jaba

tan

Kerj

a Ra

ya (D

epar

tmen

t of

Pub

lic W

orks

) Sa

raw

ak

Sara

wak

Min

istr

y of

Infr

astr

uctu

re

Deve

lopm

ent a

nd

Com

mun

icat

ions

Jaba

tan

Kerj

a Ra

ya (D

epar

tmen

t of

Pub

lic W

orks

) Sa

raw

ak

Publ

ic W

orks

De

part

men

t Sar

awak

AN

D/O

R Pr

ivat

e Co

nces

sion

aire

s

Publ

ic W

orks

De

part

men

t Sar

awak

AN

D/O

R Pr

ivat

e Co

nces

sion

aire

s

Min

istr

y of

In

fras

truc

ture

De

velo

pmen

t and

Co

mm

unic

atio

ns

Sara

wak

AN

D M

unic

ipal

Cou

ncil

Jaba

tan

Kerj

a Ra

ya (D

epar

tmen

t of

Pub

lic W

orks

) Sa

raw

ak

Stat

e Ro

ads

Ord

inan

ce

1994


Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Se

rvic

e D

eliv

ery

Regu

lato

rD

ata

Dep

osit

ory

Legi

slat

ion

Tran

spor

t Net

wor

k

Publ

ic P

arki

ngM

unic

ipal

Cou

ncil

Mun

icip

al C

ounc

ilM

unic

ipal

Cou

ncil

Mun

icip

al C

ounc

ilM

unic

ipal

Cou

ncil

Mun

icip

al C

ounc

ilLo

cal A

utho

ritie

s O

rdin

ance

199

6

Priv

ate

Park

ing

Mun

icip

al C

ounc

ilM

unic

ipal

Cou

ncil

OR

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rsPr

ivat

e De

velo

pers

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rsM

unic

ipal

Cou

ncil

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rsLo

cal A

utho

ritie

s O

rdin

ance

199

6

Bus

Net

wor

k &

St

atio

ns

Sara

wak

Min

istr

y of

Infr

astr

uctu

re

Deve

lopm

ent a

nd

Com

mun

icat

ions

Sa

raw

ak A

ND

Sara

wak

Co

mm

erci

al V

ehic

le

Lice

nsin

g Bo

ard

(Pri

me

Min

iste

r’s

Depa

rtm

ent)

Sara

wak

Min

istr

y of

Infr

astr

uctu

re

Deve

lopm

ent a

nd

Com

mun

icat

ions

Sa

raw

ak A

ND

Sara

wak

Co

mm

erci

al V

ehic

le

Lice

nsin

g Bo

ard

(Pri

me

Min

iste

r’s

Depa

rtm

ent)

AN

D M

unic

ipal

Cou

ncil

Mun

icip

al C

ounc

il

Sara

wak

Co

mm

erci

al V

ehic

le

Lice

nsin

g Bo

ard

(Pri

me

Min

iste

r’s

Depa

rtm

ent)

AN

D M

unic

ipal

Cou

ncil

Sara

wak

Co

mm

erci

al V

ehic

le

Lice

nsin

g Bo

ard

(Pri

me

Min

iste

r’s

Depa

rtm

ent)

Sara

wak

Co

mm

erci

al V

ehic

le

Lice

nsin

g Bo

ard

(Pri

me

Min

iste

r’s

Depa

rtm

ent)

AN

D M

unic

ipal

Cou

ncil

Loca

l Aut

hori

ties

Ord

inan

ce 1

996

Com

mer

cial

Veh

icle

s Li

cens

ing

Boar

d Ac

t 19

87

Rail

Net

wor

k &

St

atio

ns

Sara

wak

Min

istr

y of

Infr

astr

uctu

re

Deve

lopm

ent a

nd

Com

mun

icat

ions

Sa

raw

ak

N/A

N/A

N/A

Sara

wak

Min

istr

y of

Infr

astr

uctu

re

Deve

lopm

ent a

nd

Com

mun

icat

ions

Sa

raw

ak

N/A

Taxi

s &

Tax

i Sto

p

Sara

wak

Min

istr

y of

Infr

astr

uctu

re

Deve

lopm

ent a

nd

Com

mun

icat

ions

Sa

raw

ak A

ND

Sara

wak

Co

mm

erci

al V

ehic

le

Lice

nsin

g Bo

ard

(Pri

me

Min

iste

r’s

Depa

rtm

ent)

Sara

wak

Min

istr

y of

Infr

astr

uctu

re

Deve

lopm

ent a

nd

Com

mun

icat

ions

Sa

raw

ak A

ND

Sara

wak

Co

mm

erci

al V

ehic

le

Lice

nsin

g Bo

ard

(Pri

me

Min

iste

r’s

Depa

rtm

ent)

AN

D M

unic

ipal

Cou

ncil

Mun

icip

al C

ounc

il

Sara

wak

Co

mm

erci

al V

ehic

le

Lice

nsin

g Bo

ard

(Pri

me

Min

iste

r’s

Depa

rtm

ent)

AN

D M

unic

ipal

Cou

ncil

Sara

wak

Co

mm

erci

al V

ehic

le

Lice

nsin

g Bo

ard

(Pri

me

Min

iste

r’s

Depa

rtm

ent)

Sara

wak

Co

mm

erci

al V

ehic

le

Lice

nsin

g Bo

ard

(Pri

me

Min

iste

r’s

Depa

rtm

ent)

AN

D M

unic

ipal

Cou

ncil

Loca

l Aut

hori

ties

Ord

inan

ce 1

996

Com

mer

cial

Veh

icle

s Li

cens

ing

Boar

d Ac

t 19

87

74 Annexes

Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Se

rvic

e D

eliv

ery

Regu

lato

rD

ata

Dep

osit

ory

Legi

slat

ion

Oth

er L

and

Publ

ic

Tran

spor

t

Sara

wak

Min

istr

y of

Infr

astr

uctu

re

Deve

lopm

ent a

nd

Com

mun

icat

ions

Sa

raw

ak A

ND

Sara

wak

Co

mm

erci

al V

ehic

le

Lice

nsin

g Bo

ard

(Pri

me

Min

iste

r’s

Depa

rtm

ent)

Sara

wak

Min

istr

y of

Infr

astr

uctu

re

Deve

lopm

ent a

nd

Com

mun

icat

ions

Sa

raw

ak A

ND

Sara

wak

Co

mm

erci

al V

ehic

le

Lice

nsin

g Bo

ard

(Pri

me

Min

iste

r’s

Depa

rtm

ent)

AN

D M

unic

ipal

Cou

ncil

Sara

wak

Min

istr

y of

Infr

astr

uctu

re

Deve

lopm

ent a

nd

Com

mun

icat

ions

Sa

raw

ak A

ND

Sara

wak

Co

mm

erci

al V

ehic

le

Lice

nsin

g Bo

ard

(Pri

me

Min

iste

r’s

Depa

rtm

ent)

AN

D M

unic

ipal

Cou

ncil

Sara

wak

Min

istr

y of

Infr

astr

uctu

re

Deve

lopm

ent a

nd

Com

mun

icat

ions

Sa

raw

ak A

ND

Sara

wak

Co

mm

erci

al V

ehic

le

Lice

nsin

g Bo

ard

(Pri

me

Min

iste

r’s

Depa

rtm

ent)

AN

D M

unic

ipal

Cou

ncil

Sara

wak

Min

istr

y of

Infr

astr

uctu

re

Deve

lopm

ent a

nd

Com

mun

icat

ions

Sa

raw

ak A

ND

Sara

wak

Co

mm

erci

al V

ehic

le

Lice

nsin

g Bo

ard

(Pri

me

Min

iste

r’s

Depa

rtm

ent)

Sara

wak

Min

istr

y of

Infr

astr

uctu

re

Deve

lopm

ent a

nd

Com

mun

icat

ions

Sa

raw

ak A

ND

Sara

wak

Co

mm

erci

al V

ehic

le

Lice

nsin

g Bo

ard

(Pri

me

Min

iste

r’s

Depa

rtm

ent)

Loca

l Aut

hori

ties

Ord

inan

ce 1

996

Com

mer

cial

Veh

icle

s Li

cens

ing

Boar

d Ac

t 19

87

Airp

orts

Depa

rtm

ent o

f Civ

il Av

iatio

n

Min

istr

y of

Tr

ansp

ort

Depa

rtm

ent o

f Civ

il Av

iatio

n

Min

istr

y of

Tr

ansp

ort

Mal

aysi

a Ai

rpor

ts

Hol

ding

s Be

rhad

Mal

aysi

a Ai

rpor

ts

Hol

ding

s Be

rhad

Depa

rtm

ent o

f Civ

il Av

iatio

n

Min

istr

y of

Tr

ansp

ort

Depa

rtm

ent o

f Civ

il Av

iatio

n

Min

istr

y of

Tr

ansp

ort

Civi

l Avi

atio

n Ac

t 196

9

Cycl

ing

Net

wor

kM

unic

ipal

Cou

ncil

Mun

icip

al C

ounc

ilM

unic

ipal

Cou

ncil

Mun

icip

al C

ounc

ilM

unic

ipal

Cou

ncil

Mun

icip

al C

ounc

il

Pede

stri

an N

etw

ork

Mun

icip

al C

ounc

ilM

unic

ipal

Cou

ncil

Mun

icip

al C

ounc

ilM

unic

ipal

Cou

ncil

Mun

icip

al C

ounc

ilM

unic

ipal

Cou

ncil

Drai

nage

&

Irri

gatio

n (F

lood

M

itiga

tion)

- N

on

Priv

atis

ed

Sara

wak

Min

istr

y of

N

atur

al R

esou

rces

&

Env

iron

men

t

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

(D

epar

tmen

t of

Irri

gatio

n &

Dr

aina

ge)

Sara

wak

Min

istr

y of

N

atur

al R

esou

rces

&

Env

iron

men

t

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sa

liran

(D

epar

tmen

t of

Irri

gatio

n &

Dr

aina

ge)

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Re

sour

ces

&

Envi

ronm

ent

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sa

liran

(D

epar

tmen

t of

Irri

gatio

n &

Dr

aina

ge)

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Re

sour

ces

&

Envi

ronm

ent

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

(D

epar

tmen

t of

Irri

gatio

n &

Dr

aina

ge)

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Re

sour

ces

&

Envi

ronm

ent

Jaba

tan

Peng

aira

n &

Sal

iran

(D

epar

tmen

t of

Irri

gatio

n &

Dr

aina

ge)

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Re

sour

ces

&

Envi

ronm

ent

Drai

nage

Wor

ks

Ord

inan

ce 1

966

Drai

nage

&

Irri

gatio

n (L

ocal

Dr

aina

ge N

etw

ork)

Min

istr

y of

Nat

ural

Re

sour

ces

&

Envi

ronm

ent

Mun

icip

al C

ounc

il O

R Pr

ivat

e De

velo

pers

Mun

icip

al C

ounc

il O

R Pr

ivat

e De

velo

pers

Mun

icip

al C

ounc

ilM

unic

ipal

Cou

ncil

Mun

icip

al C

ounc

il

Loca

l Aut

hori

ties

Ord

inan

ce 1

996

Drai

nage

Wor

ks

Ord

inan

ce S

araw

ak

1966

Sew

erag

eSe

wer

age

Serv

ices

De

part

men

t Sa

raw

ak

Sew

erag

e Se

rvic

es

Depa

rtm

ent

Sara

wak

Sew

erag

e Se

rvic

es

Depa

rtm

ent S

araw

ak

Sew

erag

e Se

rvic

es

Depa

rtm

ent S

araw

ak

AND/

OR

Pr

ivat

e M

anag

emen

t Ag

ency

Sew

erag

e Se

rvic

es

Depa

rtm

ent

Sara

wak

Sew

erag

e Se

rvic

es

Depa

rtm

ent

Sara

wak

Loca

l Aut

hori

ties

Ord

inan

ce 1

996

Sew

erag

e Sy

stem

s an

d Se

rvic

es O

rdin

ance

, 20

05

Tabl

e 3-

8 Co

ntin

ued


Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Se

rvic

e D

eliv

ery

Regu

lato

rD

ata

Dep

osit

ory

Legi

slat

ion

Solid

Was

te

(Col

lect

ion)

Nat

ural

Res

ourc

es

and

Envi

ronm

ent

Boar

d AN

D

Mun

icip

al C

ounc

il

Nat

ural

Res

ourc

es

and

Envi

ronm

ent

Boar

d

Mun

icip

al C

ounc

il AN

D Sa

raw

ak W

aste

s M

anag

emen

t Sdn

Bh

d

Mun

icip

al C

ounc

il AN

D Sa

raw

ak W

aste

s M

anag

emen

t Sdn

Bh

d

Mun

icip

al C

ounc

ilM

unic

ipal

Cou

ncil

Envi

ronm

enta

l Qua

lity

Act 1

974

Loca

l Aut

hori

ties

Ord

inan

ce 1

996

Nat

ural

Res

ourc

es

and

Envi

ronm

ent

Ord

inan

ce

(Am

endm

ent)

200

1

Solid

Was

te

(Dis

posa

l - P

ublic

)

Nat

ural

Res

ourc

es

and

Envi

ronm

ent

Boar

d AN

D

Mun

icip

al C

ounc

il

Nat

ural

Res

ourc

es

and

Envi

ronm

ent

Boar

d

Mun

icip

al C

ounc

il AN

D Sa

raw

ak W

aste

s M

anag

emen

t Sdn

Bh

d

Mun

icip

al C

ounc

il AN

D Sa

raw

ak W

aste

s M

anag

emen

t Sdn

Bh

d

Mun

icip

al C

ounc

ilM

unic

ipal

Cou

ncil

Envi

ronm

enta

l Qua

lity

Act 1

974

Loca

l Aut

hori

ties

Ord

inan

ce 1

996

Nat

ural

Res

ourc

es

and

Envi

ronm

ent

Ord

inan

ce

(Am

endm

ent)

200

1

Solid

Was

te

(Dis

posa

l - P

riva

te)

Nat

ural

Res

ourc

es

and

Envi

ronm

ent

Boar

d AN

D

Mun

icip

al C

ounc

il

Nat

ural

Res

ourc

es

and

Envi

ronm

ent

Boar

d

Mun

icip

al C

ounc

il AN

D Sa

raw

ak W

aste

s M

anag

emen

t Sdn

Bh

d

Mun

icip

al C

ounc

il AN

D Sa

raw

ak W

aste

s M

anag

emen

t Sdn

Bh

d

Mun

icip

al C

ounc

ilM

unic

ipal

Cou

ncil

Envi

ronm

enta

l Qua

lity

Act 1

974

Loca

l Aut

hori

ties

Ord

inan

ce 1

996

Nat

ural

Res

ourc

es

and

Envi

ronm

ent

Ord

inan

ce

(Am

endm

ent)

200

1

Wat

er

Sara

wak

Sta

te

Wat

er R

esou

rces

Co

unci

l AN

D

Min

istr

y of

Pub

lic

Util

ities

Kuch

ing

Wat

er

Boar

dKu

chin

g W

ater

Boa

rdKu

chin

g W

ater

Bo

ard

Sara

wak

Sta

te

Wat

er R

esou

rces

Co

unci

l AN

D

Min

istr

y of

Pub

lic

Util

ities

Kuch

ing

Wat

er

Boar

d

Wat

ers

Act 1

920

(Act

41

8)

Sara

wak

Wat

er

Ord

inan

ce 1

994

Elec

tric

ity N

etw

ork

(Dis

trib

utio

n)

Elec

tric

al

Insp

ecto

rate

Uni

t M

inis

try

of P

ublic

U

tiliti

es S

araw

ak

Sara

wak

Ene

rgy

Berh

adSa

raw

ak E

nerg

y Be

rhad

Sara

wak

Ene

rgy

Berh

ad

Elec

tric

al

Insp

ecto

rate

Uni

t M

inis

try

of P

ublic

U

tiliti

es S

araw

ak

Sara

wak

Ene

rgy

Berh

ad

Elec

tric

ity O

rdin

ance

, Ch

apte

r 50

(Rev

ised

20

03)

Elec

tric

ity R

ules

, 199

9 El

ectr

icity

(Sta

te G

rid

Code

) Rul

es, 2

003

Tele

com

mun

icat

ions

N

etw

ork

Mal

aysi

a Co

mm

unic

atio

ns

and

Mul

timed

ia

Com

mis

sion

Mal

aysi

a Co

mm

unic

atio

ns

and

Mul

timed

ia

Com

mis

sion

Priv

ate

Tele

com

mun

icat

ions

Co

mpa

nies

Priv

ate

Tele

com

mun

icat

ions

Co

mpa

nies

Mal

aysi

a Co

mm

unic

atio

ns

and

Mul

timed

ia

Com

mis

sion

Mal

aysi

a Co

mm

unic

atio

ns

and

Mul

timed

ia

Com

mis

sion

Com

mun

icat

ions

and

M

ultim

edia

Act

199

8 Co

mm

unic

atio

ns

and

Mul

timed

ia

Com

mis

sion

Act

(1

998)

76 Annexes

Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Se

rvic

e D

eliv

ery

Regu

lato

rD

ata

Dep

osit

ory

Legi

slat

ion

Gas

Supp

lyM

inis

try

of P

ublic

U

tiliti

esSa

raw

ak E

nerg

y Be

rhad

Sara

wak

Ene

rgy

Berh

adSa

raw

ak E

nerg

y Be

rhad

Min

istr

y of

Pub

lic

Util

ities

Sara

wak

Gas

Di

stri

butio

n Sd

n Bh

d

Gas

Supp

ly A

ct 1

993

Sara

wak

Gas

Sup

ply

Serv

ices

(Ope

ratin

g Co

mpa

ny) O

rdin

ance

19

95

Publ

ic B

uild

ings

and

Ser

vice

s

Publ

ic M

arke

ts &

H

awke

rsM

unic

ipal

Cou

ncil

Mun

icip

al C

ounc

ilM

unic

ipal

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ncil

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icip

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ounc

ilM

unic

ipal

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ncil

Mun

icip

al C

ounc

ilLo

cal A

utho

ritie

s O

rdin

ance

199

6

Ope

n Sp

aces

&

Publ

ic P

arks

Mun

icip

al C

ounc

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unic

ipal

Cou

ncil

Mun

icip

al C

ounc

ilM

unic

ipal

Cou

ncil

Mun

icip

al C

ounc

ilM

unic

ipal

Cou

ncil

Loca

l Aut

hori

ties

Ord

inan

ce 1

996

Polic

e St

atio

ns &

Se

rvic

esM

inis

try

of H

ome

Affai

rs

Jaba

tan

Kerj

a Ra

ya

(Pub

lic W

orks

De

part

men

t)

Polis

Dir

aja

Mal

aysi

a

(Pol

ice

Depa

rtm

ent)

Jaba

tan

Kerj

a Ra

ya

(Pub

lic W

orks

De

part

men

t) A

ND

Polis

Dir

aja

Mal

aysi

a (P

olic

e De

part

men

t)

Min

istr

y of

Hom

e Aff

airs

Polis

Dir

aja

Mal

aysi

a (P

olic

e De

part

men

t)

Min

istr

y of

Hom

e Aff

airs

Min

istr

y of

Hom

e Aff

airs

Min

istr

y of

Hom

e Aff

airs

Fire

Sta

tions

&

Serv

ices

Min

istr

y of

U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

and

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent

Fire

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vice

s De

part

men

t (B

OM

BA)

Min

istr

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U

rban

Wel

lbei

ng,

Hou

sing

and

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent

Fire

Dep

artm

ent

(BO

MBA

) M

inis

try

of

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an W

ellb

eing

, H

ousi

ng a

nd L

ocal

Go

vern

men

t

Fire

Dep

artm

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(BO

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) M

inis

try

of

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an W

ellb

eing

, H

ousi

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ocal

Go

vern

men

t

Fire

Dep

artm

ent

(BO

MBA

) M

inis

try

of

Urb

an W

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eing

, H

ousi

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nd L

ocal

Go

vern

men

t

Fire

Dep

artm

ent

(BO

MBA

) M

inis

try

of

Urb

an W

ellb

eing

, H

ousi

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nd L

ocal

Go

vern

men

t

Fire

Ser

vice

s Ac

t 198

8

Tabl

e 3-

8 Co

ntin

ued


Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Se

rvic

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eliv

ery

Regu

lato

rD

ata

Dep

osit

ory

Legi

slat

ion

Hos

pita

ls a

nd

Med

ical

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e

Min

istr

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lth

AND/

OR

Pl

anni

ng D

ivis

ion

Min

istr

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Nat

ural

Re

sour

ces

&

Envi

ronm

ent

Sara

wak

M

inis

try

of

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an W

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, H

ousi

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nd L

ocal

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vern

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t

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tan

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ya

(Pub

lic W

orks

De

part

men

t) A

ND

Ba

hagi

an

Pem

bang

unan

M

inis

try

of H

ealth

O

R Pr

ivat

e H

ospi

tal

Jaba

tan

Kerj

a Ra

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(Pub

lic W

orks

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part

men

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AND

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gian

Pe

mba

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an

Min

istr

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ate

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pita

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Min

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OR

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ate

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inis

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of H

ealth

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inis

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of H

ealth

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istr

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ucat

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part

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ucat

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lic W

orks

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part

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Min

istr

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ucat

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Min

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Inst

itute

of H

ighe

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arni

ngM

inis

try

of H

ighe

r Ed

ucat

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ate

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Publ

ic E

duca

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itutio

n A

ND

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istr

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her

Educ

atio

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ate

OR

Publ

ic

Educ

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stitu

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AND

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ighe

r Edu

catio

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Priv

ate

OR

Publ

ic E

duca

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Inst

itutio

n A

ND

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Hig

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Min

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inis

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of H

ighe

r Ed

ucat

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Libr

arie

s

Min

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form

atio

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mun

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and

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re

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In

form

atio

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mun

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and

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form

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mun

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and

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re

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In

form

atio

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mun

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and

Cultu

re

Min

istr

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In

form

atio

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Com

mun

icat

ion

and

Cultu

re

Min

istr

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In

form

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Com

mun

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and

Cultu

re

Art &

Cul

tura

l Ce

nter

s

Min

istr

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In

form

atio

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Com

mun

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and

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In

form

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mun

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and

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form

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mun

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In

form

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mun

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form

atio

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mun

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and

Cultu

re

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istr

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form

atio

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mun

icat

ion

and

Cultu

re

Hot

els

Min

istr

y of

Tou

rism

Sa

raw

akPr

ivat

e De

velo

pers

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rsPr

ivat

e De

velo

pers

Min

istr

y of

Tou

rism

Sa

raw

akM

inis

try

of T

ouri

sm

Sara

wak

Hom

es, N

urse

ries

&

Kind

erga

rden

s

Min

istr

y of

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fare

, W

omen

and

Fam

ily

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lopm

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Sara

wak

Priv

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ness

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wne

rPr

ivat

e Bu

sine

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Ow

ner

Priv

ate

Busi

ness

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r

Min

istr

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fare

, W

omen

and

Fam

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Deve

lopm

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Sara

wak

Min

istr

y of

Wel

fare

, W

omen

and

Fam

ily

Deve

lopm

ent

Sara

wak

78 Annexes

Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Se

rvic

e D

eliv

ery

Regu

lato

rD

ata

Dep

osit

ory

Legi

slat

ion

Com

mun

ity

Cent

ers

(Inc

ludi

ng

Spor

ts F

acili

ties,

M

ultip

urpo

se H

alls

, et

c)

Mun

icip

al C

ounc

ilM

unic

ipal

Cou

ncil

Mun

icip

al C

ounc

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unic

ipal

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icip

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ilM

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ipal

Cou

ncil

Publ

ic H

ousi

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PR

(Fun

ded

Fede

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tan

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mah

an

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ara

Jaba

tan

Peru

mah

an

Neg

ara

Syar

ikat

Per

umah

an

Neg

ara

Berh

ad

(SPN

B)M

unic

ipal

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ncil

Mun

icip

al C

ounc

il M

unic

ipal

Cou

ncil

Publ

ic H

ousi

ng-P

PR

( Sta

te)

Min

istr

y of

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sing

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raw

akM

inis

try

of H

ousi

ng

Sara

wak

Hou

sing

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velo

pmen

t Co

rpor

atio

n (H

DC)

Mun

icip

al C

ounc

il M

inis

try

of H

ousi

ng

Sara

wak

Min

istr

y of

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sing

Sa

raw

ak

Adve

rtis

emen

ts

Min

istr

y of

Loc

al

Gove

rnm

ent

and

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mun

ity

Deve

lopm

ent A

ND

Mun

icip

al C

ounc

il

Priv

ate

Com

pani

esPr

ivat

e Co

mpa

nies

Priv

ate

Com

pani

esM

unic

ipal

Cou

ncil

Priv

ate

Com

pani

es

Loca

l Aut

hori

ties

Ord

inan

ce 1

996

Loca

l Aut

hori

ties

(Adv

ertis

emen

ts)

By-L

aws,

201

2

Traffi

c M

anag

emen

t/

Cong

estio

n Co

ntro

l an

d M

onito

ring

Mun

icip

al C

ounc

il AN

D/O

R Po

lice

Dira

ja

Mal

aysi

a (P

DRM

)

Mun

icip

al C

ounc

il AN

D/O

R Po

lice

Dira

ja

Mal

aysi

a (P

DRM

)

Mun

icip

al C

ounc

il AN

D/O

R Po

lice

Dira

ja

Mal

aysi

a (P

DRM

)

Mun

icip

al C

ounc

il AN

D/O

R Po

lice

Dira

ja

Mal

aysi

a (P

DRM

)

Mun

icip

al C

ounc

il AN

D/O

R Po

lice

Dira

ja

Mal

aysi

a (P

DRM

)

Mun

icip

al C

ounc

il AN

D/O

R Po

lice

Dira

ja

Mal

aysi

a (P

DRM

)

Loca

l Aut

hori

ties

Ord

inan

ce 1

996

Land

Val

uatio

ns

(Sta

te L

and)

Valu

atio

n an

d Pr

oper

ty

Man

agem

ent

Depa

rtm

ent

(Mun

icip

al) A

ND

/ OR

Land

s an

d Su

rvey

s De

part

men

t Sa

raw

ak

Valu

atio

n an

d Pr

oper

ty

Man

agem

ent

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ent

(Mun

icip

al)

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atio

n an

d Pr

oper

ty

Man

agem

ent

Depa

rtm

ent

(Mun

icip

al)

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atio

n an

d Pr

oper

ty

Man

agem

ent

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rtm

ent

(Mun

icip

al)

Valu

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n an

d Pr

oper

ty

Man

agem

ent

Depa

rtm

ent

(Mun

icip

al) A

ND

/ OR

Land

s an

d Su

rvey

s De

part

men

t Sa

raw

ak

Valu

atio

n an

d Pr

oper

ty

Man

agem

ent

Depa

rtm

ent

(Mun

icip

al)

Sara

wak

Lan

d Co

de,

1958

Lo

cal A

utho

rity

O

rdin

ance

199

6

Build

ing

Cont

rol

Com

mer

cial

Stat

e Pl

anni

ng

Auth

ority

AN

D M

unic

ipal

Cou

ncil

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rsPr

ivat

e De

velo

pers

Priv

ate

Ow

ners

/ M

anag

emen

t Co

rpor

atio

n

Sara

wak

Min

istr

y of

H

ousi

ng

Stat

e Pl

anni

ng

Auth

ority

M

unic

ipal

Cou

ncil

Mun

icip

al C

ounc

il

Stra

ta T

itles

Ord

inan

ce

1995

Bu

ildin

gs O

rdin

ance

19

94

Sara

wak

Lan

d Co

de

Tabl

e 3-

8 Co

ntin

ued


Laye

rs o

f the

Cit

yPo

licy

Des

ign

Plan

ning

Cons

truc

tion

/

Impl

emen

tati

onM

aint

enan

ce /

Se

rvic

e D

eliv

ery

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lato

rD

ata

Dep

osit

ory

Legi

slat

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Resi

dent

ial

Stat

e Pl

anni

ng

Auth

ority

AN

D M

unic

ipal

Cou

ncil

Priv

ate

Deve

lope

rsPr

ivat

e De

velo

pers

Priv

ate

Ow

ners

/ M

anag

emen

t Co

rpor

atio

n

Sara

wak

Min

istr

y of

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ng

Stat

e Pl

anni

ng

Auth

ority

M

unic

ipal

Cou

ncil

Mun

icip

al C

ounc

il

Stra

ta T

itles

Ord

inan

ce

1995

Bu

ildin

gs O

rdin

ance

19

94

Sara

wak

Lan

d Co

de

Publ

ic B

uild

ings

Mun

icip

al C

ounc

ilRe

spec

tive

Min

istr

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Resp

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3.2 List of Meetings for Institutional Analysis

Table 3-9: Meetings for Institutional Analysis

Date Meeting

April 18, 2014

Department of Statistics (DOSM)Town and Country Planning Department (JPBD)EPU

Institute of Ethnic Studies (KITA), UKM

April 21

JPBDNational Solid Waste Management DepartmentDepartment of HousingDepartment of Local Government

Federation of Malaysian Manufacturers

PEMANDU – Greater KL NKEA

April 22Ministry of Transport

JPBD Research and Development Division (MURNInets)

April 23

Kuala Lumpur City Hall (DBKL)

Subang Jaya Municipal Council (MPSJ)

UPEN SelangorSelangor State Investment CorporationJPBD SelangorShah Alam City Council (MBSA)

JPBD

EPU – Distribution Section

Public Works Department (JKR)

United Nations Development Program (UNDP)

April 25

Public Private Partnership Unit (UKAS) in the Prime Minister’s Department

Kajang Municipal Council (MPKj)

American Malaysia Chamber of Commerce (Amcham)

June 11

UPEN Pulau PinangPenang State Housing Section (Bahagian Perumahan Pejabat Setiausaha Kerajaan Negeri)Majlis Perbandaran Pulau Pinang

Majlis Perbandaran Sungai Petani

June 12

Northern Corridor Investment AuthorityInvest PenangPenang State Development CorporationPenang Institute

Majlis Perbandaran Seberang Perai

June 15

UPEN JohorIskandar Regional Development Authority

Majlis Bandaraya Johor BahruMajlis Perbandaran Johor Bahru Tengah Majlis Perbandaran Pasir Gudang

June 17Majlis Daerah Kota Tinggi Majlis Daerah Pontian

82 Annexes

Date Meeting

June 18Majlis Daerah Kemaman

Majlis Daerah Dungun

June 19

ECER Development CouncilUPEN PahangMajlis Perbandaran KuantanMajlis Daerah Pekan

June 20 Malaysian Industry-Government Group for High Technology (MIGHT)

August 26

UPEN SabahSEDIADewan Bandaraya Kota KinabaluMajlis Daerah PenampangPejabat Daerah Putatan

August 27

UPEN SarawakSarawak State Ministry of Local Government and Community DevelopmentSarawak State Ministry of Natural Resources and EnvironmentSarawak State Land and Survey DepartmentDewan Bandaraya Kuching UtaraMajlis Bandaraya Kuching Selatan

August 28 Majlis Perbandaran Sepang

August 29 Perbadanan Putrajaya

3.3 Institutional Analysis: Selected Global Case Studies

3.3.1 Case study one: Decentralization in Indonesia

Case summary

18. Indonesia began the process of decentralization in 1999, and it became effective in 2001. The move towards decentralization was motivated by the desire to enhance public services, community empowerment, and local competitiveness. Political crisis and demand from local areas that were dissatisfied with the centralized system prompted this reform. Since decentralization, power sharing has been based on criteria including the incidence of externalities, accountability, and efficiency. The central government retains authority over foreign affairs, defense, security, judicial affairs, monetary and fiscal policy and religion. Decentralization has had some positive outcomes including increasing economic growth and enhancing public services such as education, health and general administrative process.

Country profile

19. Indonesia is a populous lower middle income country, with nearly 250 million people and a GDP of USD 868 billion in 2013 (World Bank Data n.d.). Indonesia is the largest economy in Southeast Asia. The country’s gross national income per capita has steadily increased from US$4,010 in the year 2000 to US$9,260 in the year 2013(World Bank Data n.d.). Indonesia has managed to fulfill many of its fiscal targets, including a significant decrease in Debt-to-GDP ratio from 57 percent in 2004 to 28 percent in 2009 (World Bank Data n.d.).

Table 3-9 Continued


20. Geographically, the Indonesia archipelago stretches between Asia and Australia, with a total area of around 1.9 million sq km (CIA n.d.). Indonesia comprises many ethnic groups and religions, and has more than 300 local languages. Indonesia consists of 31 Provinces, one Autonomous Province, one Special Region and one National Capital District (CIA n.d.). Every province is made up of districts and municipalities.

Motivations for decentralization

21. After the economic crisis began in 1997, the politics of Indonesia became unstable. Mass protests forced the Suharto government to undertake democratic reform and a succession of national leadership. Reforms were initiated in 1998 when Suharto relinquished the presidency, and Habibie, the former vice president, became president.

22. During the Habibie period, many local regions called for more autonomy. Some regions even called for secession, which was supported by local officials who want to gain greater control of resources. This pressure made Habibie adopt a decentralization policy that was expected to maintain national unity through the promotion of more democratic government and increased participation of the local people.

The situation prior to decentralization

23. Prior to decentralization, administrative powers were held by the central government in a top-down system. Local governments did not have independence in policy making. Development planning and budget allocations were provisioned by the central government. All provincial and local expenditures were earmarked and were administered through line ministries’ offices at the provincial and district/municipality level (Sjahrir and Katos 2011).

24. The central government assigned local political leaders. Local public participation was weak because policies were created by elites in the central government and sometimes did not suit local needs and cultures.

25. The central government controlled most resources including funding, human resources, and natural resources. The perceived unfairness of natural resources allocations encouraged resource-rich regions to demand secession from Indonesia.

The process of decentralization

26. Indonesia underwent political, fiscal and administrative decentralization. The central government led the process by issuing local governance and fiscal balance laws. These laws made districts and municipalities the key administrative units responsible for providing most government services. The districts and municipalities have no hierarchic relationship to the provincial level. The Provincial governors acted as the central government’s representatives in the region. The full autonomy given to the districts and municipalities limited the power of local regions that might otherwise have had separatist demands if the power had shifted to the provincial level. Politically, decentralization gave autonomy to the newly democratically elected local parliaments (DPRD) to choose the heads of local governments, who would be responsible to DPRD.

27. After three years, the central government reviewed these regulations and their implementation, and later revised them to refine and to clarify the relationship and sharing of responsibilities between the central government, provinces and district/municipalities. The revised law introduced local direct elections to strengthen local accountability, gave provinces supervisory powers instead of powers of coordination, and strengthened their role as representatives of the central government, particularly in the area of planning and budgeting.

84 Annexes

The current system

28. Power sharing between the central, provincial and district/municipality governments is based on the following principles1:

a. The externality criterion is the approach of distributing governmental functions by considering the impacts/consequences that arise in the execution of those distributed functions. When impacts that arise are local in nature, then the governmental function in question comes under the authority of the regency/city; when regional in nature, then under provincial authority; and when national in nature, then under authority of the central government.

b. The accountability criterion is the approach of distributing governmental functions by considering that the level of government that handles a certain function is the level that is closest to the impact or conse-quence of that function. Accordingly, accountability for delivering those distributed governmental func-tions to the people will be better guaranteed.

c. The efficiency criterion is the approach of distributing governmental functions by considering the avail-ability of resources (personnel, funds, and equipment) to obtain the accuracy, certainty and speed of results that need to be achieved in the execution of distributed functions

29. Based on the criteria above, the central government only retains six authorities and responsibilities: foreign affairs, defense, security, judicial affairs, monetary and fiscal policy and religion. However, local governments participate even in these functions. Leaders are elected locally, and local governments have full control of local policies, laws and budgets.

30. Fiscal decentralization has made local government fully independent in allocation of its budget and raising local government revenues. However, most revenues, [e.g. in 2004, 92 percent for districts/municipalities and 51 percent for provinces (Kajian Pengeluaran Publik Indonesia 2007)], are still from central government resources, which makes the decentralization more administrative than fiscal in nature. Since decentralization, local governments have full authority over most sectors, excluding the six central government responsibilities mentioned above. Most aspects of education2, health3 and infrastructure4 sectors became the responsibility of the local government (Sjahrir and Katos 2011). Consequently, local governments have increased spending responsibility without the additional locally controlled revenue base necessary to support extra spending. This creates a gap between revenues and expenditures at the local level. To fill this gap, the central government implements three instruments: (i) resources revenue sharing, (ii) general purpose grants (known as Dana Alokasi Umum - DAU), (iii) special purpose grants (known as Dana Alokasi Khusus - DAK).

31. Revenue sharing comprises tax and non-tax revenue. Local governments have total discretion over the use of allocated funds.

32. DAU is calculated based on the fiscal gap plus base allocation that is determined by local government officer wage. The fiscal gap is calculated from fiscal needs minus fiscal capacity. Fiscal needs are calculated based

1 Explanation of Law No. 32 Year 20042 Local governments are responsible for the first nine years of education, which include six years of primary and three years of junior

secondary education3 Local governments are responsible for the majority of primary healthcare services, their financing and human resources. For instance, the

operation of health clinics (Puskesmas), which are the main providers of primary health services to the communities4 Local governments are responsible for district road, transportation, water services and its local water supply utilities.


on indices, including population, area, local GDP per capita, construction price index, etc. Fiscal capacity encompasses local revenue and revenue sharing.

33. DAK is given by the central government for specific tasks, particularly for development expenditure such as education, health, agriculture, forestry and infrastructure. The implementation of DAK is based on the central government’s ministerial guidelines. DAK cannot be used for research, training, administration and official travel.

The outcomes of the decentralization effort so far

34. Decentralization has promoted democracy and increased the ability of local regions to manage their own economic development, through bottom-up planning in keeping with local people’s aspirations. This has increased local public participation and fostered partnerships between stakeholders. Decentralization has increased economic growth significantly (Adi 2005), as well as development expenditure. Decentralization has also delivered more efficient and responsive public services such as education, health, infrastructure and general administrative services. After decentralization, local governments became responsible for the first nine years of education, and expenditures on primary and investments in secondary education became the first and second largest budgetary items for local governments (Sjahrir and Katos 2011). As a result, there has been an increase in literacy rates and years of schooling (Simatupang 2009). Decentralization improved health services, with one additional health clinic (Puskesmas) built per 10,000 of population on average (Sjahrir and Katos 2011). Mortality rates and life expectancy have also significantly improved (Simatupang 2009). Infrastructure development has also increased slightly (Sjahrir and Katos 2011). However, none of these achievements were caused by decentralization alone; they required well-functioning local political institutions, better informed citizens, transparent local government, and effective channels for political participation.

35. The greater amount of power at the district /municipality level encourages local elites to create new district/municipalities. The central government tends to accommodate the interests of local elites in order to avoid ethnic conflicts spurred by local elites. Between 1999 and 2010, there were 7 new provinces, 164 new districts and 34 new cities (Imron 2011). The proliferation of new local administrative units in the region has had some negative impacts. For example in the forestry sector, decentralization allows a local government to make its own laws and regulations, such as those relating to issuing logging permits. This has caused a proliferation of permits, with little regard for the effect on forest resources. As a result, large forest areas have been destroyed and threatened with conversion to other uses for which local people are not the primary beneficiaries (Resosudarmo 2004).

3.3.2 Case study two: Decentralization in Mexico

Case summary

36. Mexico started decentralization reform in 1983 in response to a debt crisis that left the federal government unable to provide adequate public services, and also to encourage development beyond Mexico City. Studies suggest that decentralization is more successful in areas where local regions have full control over budgeting and less central government funding. Decentralization provides better allocation of local services due to an information advantage through being closer to the recipient. In addition, decentralization also promotes good governance in rural local governments by increasing accountability and entrepreneurship.

86 Annexes

Country profile

37. Mexico is the second largest economy in Latin America and is a major oil producer and exporter. Even though production of oil has fallen in the last few years, about one-third of government revenue still comes from the oil industry. Mexico’s economy suffered during the financial crisis of 2008, but its economy has recovered since then through substantial foreign investment. Mexico’s population and GDP are respectively 122.3 million (2013) and USD 1.261 trillion (2013) (World Bank Data Bank n.d).

38. Mexico is a federal country with 32 states and nearly 2,500 municipalities. Local leaders are elected democratically for 3 years and cannot be re-elected. Between 1929 and 1997, the country had a single majority party. Since 1997, there have also been some opposition parties represented in the parliament.

Motivation for decentralization

39. The President Miguel de la Madrid led decentralization reform in 1983, for two main reasons. First, the debt crisis meant the federal government was unable to provide adequate public services, and second, over-crowding of population in the Federal District placed considerable strain on urban infrastructure and the ecological environment. President de la Madrid’s administration hoped that sharing administrative functions and responsibilities with states and municipalities would allow the federal government to simultaneously increase administrative efficiency and decrease its own accountability by shedding bureaucratic responsibilities (Elias 1997).

Situation prior to decentralization

40. Prior to the mid-1980s, although Mexico had a federal system of government, there was in fact no autonomy at the level of states and municipalities. This was because Mexico lacked a strong parliament that could balance the president, who dominated almost all aspects of the political process. The president could control all levels of government, including proposing candidates for the head of local government. In turn, these local leaders ensured the continued power of the incumbent government. The parliament was only able to pass laws that maintained the domination of the government.


41. Decentralization reform in 1983 had 3 goals: (i) to decentralize all federal agencies, both administratively and geographically; (ii) to strengthen federalism by increasing the power of states and local government; and (iii) to promote regional economic development (Elias 1997).

42. The first goal was accomplished by the decentralization of all ministries. The process of decentralization was coordinated by the Ministry of Budget and Planning. The second goal was implemented by reforming the Mexican constitution to strengthen federalism. Lastly, the third goal was accomplished by promoting industrial investment in places outside of Mexico City and by providing municipalities the legal and financial capabilities to operate without interference from the federal government.

43. Decentralization granted the municipalities the responsibility for potable water, drainage, sewerage, public lighting, refuse collection, cemeteries, streets, public parks, public safety, and slaughter houses. In addition, the central government also shared revenues through an ‘unconditional fund’ for each state. In 1997 the central government significantly increased the budgets of states and municipalities through a conditional fund that could be used on specific sectors such as social infrastructure, public safety and financial obligations.


The current system

44. The states’ and the municipalities’ budget revenues consist of unconditional and conditional funds from the central government, local taxes, fees and surcharges, grants and loans. The share of the municipality’s revenue is, on average, 63 percent from unconditional funds from the central government (participaciones), 11 percent from local taxes, 10 percent from surcharges and 16 percent from unconditional funds and sale or lease of state owned property (World Bank 1991).

45. Unconditional funds are assigned through the General Participatory Fund (GPF). The central government allocates at least 20 percent to the states and each state allocates at least 20 percent to municipalities. Conditional funds consist of FISM (Fund for Social Infrastructure) and FORTAMUN (Fund for Strengthening Municipalities). FISM is allocated by a formula through the Secretary of Social Development and FORTAMUN is distributed on a discretionary basis.


46. The overall impact of the 1983 reforms is mixed. Decentralization was more successful in those areas that did not require that the federal government to relinquish its hold on political power (Elias 1997). Consequently, local autonomy over resources was greater in areas that did not require large amounts of federal funding (Elias 1997). For instance, the decentralization of the Ministry of Education greatly improved the ability of the states to establish schools and provide teacher’s education by transferring material and financial resources from the federal to the state governments (Rodriguez 1987). Other research found that fiscal decentralization has been associated with changes in patterns of accountability and entrepreneurship, which tend to promote good governance in rural local governments (Moreno 2013). Conditional funds were found to be important in promoting both accountability and entrepreneurship, while unconditional funds had a negative effect on accountability and no effect on entrepreneurship. Being closer to local populations has allowed for more efficient allocation of resources in rural municipalities (Moreno 2013).

3.3.3 Case study three: Decentralization in Spain

Case summary

47. Spain began decentralization after the death of the dictator Francisco Franco in 1975. The new democratic constitution that was enacted in 1978 offered Spanish provinces the right to to establish autonomous regions, and specified the division of competences between the central government and these autonomous regions. The degree of autonomy in each region is different but generally decentralization gives them full control of education and health. By bringing decision making closer to the people, decentralization has improved efficiency as well as equity.

Country profile

48. Spain’s location between the Atlantic and Mediterranean Oceans and the European and African continents gives it a diverse history and culture. Spain’s total area is around 505,370 sq km, which consists of 17 autonomous communities and 2 autonomous cities (CIA n.d.). Its population and GDP are around 46.65 million (2013) and 1.4 trillion (2013) respectively (World Bank Data n.d.). The country’s GDP steadily increased until 2008, but after the global financial crisis it dropped 3.7 percent in 2009 and continued contracting through the middle of 2013(World Bank Data n.d.). The unemployment rate increased from 8 percent in 2007 to more than 25 percent in 2012 (World Bank Data n.d.).

88 Annexes

Motivation for decentralization

49. After the death of the dictator Francisco Franco in 1975, under King Juan Carlos as head of state, Spain made a transition from dictatorship to democracy. General elections took place in June 1976. During the campaign, all of the political parties included in their programs the elaboration of a new democratic constitution and the establishment of autonomy for the regions (Sanz n.d.).

50. Initially, the idea of decentralization was seen as a solution to the separatist demands of Basque and Catalan nationalities, including Galicia, but was also widely supported by the public. Eventually, the new democratic constitution converted Spain to a parliamentary monarchy in 1978.

Situation prior to decentralization

51. Spain was under Franco’s rule for 36 years following his victory in the Spanish Civil War. During this period, government was highly centralized and the constitution gave the central government ultimate authority to pass all laws. As the chief of state and government, Franco not only appointed and dismissed ministers but his government appointed mayors as well. Local municipal councils were effectively appointed by the heads of families and heads of local corporations.


52. The implementation of decentralization was driven by the approval of the new Spanish constitution in 1978. This constitution made Spain one of the most decentralized economies in Europe. It gave the right to Spanish provinces to establish autonomous regions, and specified the division of competencies between the central government and these autonomous regions.

53. The decentralization process in Spain was unique in its asymmetric nature. Every region approved their autonomy statutes and received local responsibilities separately. Regions that had common historic, cultural and economic characteristics, such as Catalonia, Basque, Galicia and Andalusia, received local autonomy immediately after their statutes were approved, while other regions had to wait up to 5 years after the approval of their statutes.

54. The decentralization process can be categorized into 4 phases (Sanz n.d.):

a. First phase (1979-1982): The statutes for 17 autonomous regions issued and commencement of decen-tralization process

b. Second phase (1983-1992): Some responsibilities such as university education transferred

c. Third phase (1993-2002): Transfer of education and health; the central government budget allocation for education and health decreased significantly

d. Fourth phase (2002-2008): Local autonomy reinforced; Basque proposal for new political statutes and the reform of Catalonia statutes

The current system

55. Responsibilities have shifted from the central government to the Autonomous Communities (ACs), which vary in level of autonomy. Every AC has its own statute of autonomy law that outlines the responsibilities of that AC. For example, Catalonia, the Basque Country and Galicia have special status, with their own languages


and other rights. Andalusia, Navarre, Valencia and the Canaries have more extensive powers than some other regions. Asturias and Aragon have taken steps to acquire language rights.

56. Decentralization creates functional specialization between the central government and the autonomous regions, as follows (Sanz n.d.):

a. Central Government: The functions performed by the central government are social security, transfers to the local regions, defense, foreign policy and justice

b. Autonomous Communities: The functions performed by ACs are health and education

c. Shared authority: The shared activities consist of 2 clusters. The first cluster, which accounts for roughly 13 percent of the central government's budget and 17 percent of the combined autonomous regions' budget, are “infrastructure”, “agriculture, fishing and nutrition”, “employment fostering” and “research, development and innovation”. The second cluster, accounting for roughly 5 percent of the central gov-ernment's budget and 8 percent of the combined autonomous regions' budget, are “housing”, “citizens´ safety”, “trade, tourism and small and medium enterprise”, “culture”, “industry and energy”, and “grants for transport”.


57. Fiscal decentralization had a positive impact in the health sector. An empirical study found that decentralization was one of the factors that had an influence on the effectiveness of public policies on infant mortality and life expectancy (Cantarero and Pascual 2008). Based on data from 1992 to 2003, infant mortality has decreased and life expectancy has increased. The education sector has also had a positive impact from decentralization. Improvements in efficiency in education have been greater in Autonomous Communities with good fiscal discipline and high level of per capita public revenues (Pena 2009). Decentralization has increased the ‘survival rate’ in school (i.e. the proportion students enrolled in the last course of Obligatory Secondary Education who move on to post-secondary education). The study also found that cost efficiency in Spanish local government increased when the local government had more responsibilities devolved to it (Ballaguer-Coll 2006). This research also found that the decentralization gains improved over time5.

3.4 Metropolitan Management – Approaches and Implications6

3.4.1 Why metropolitan management matters for Malaysia

58. In Malaysia, as in most urbanized countries, many large cities have become more economically interdependent with their surrounding settlements. These areas are often referred to as a metropolitan (metro) area or region, constitute a single economy and labour market, and share a community with common interests. The economic links between the core and the periphery can become so close, that one part cannot succeed without the

5 The research compared the efficiency of municipalities based on the duration of their independency.6 This annex is adapted from the paper “Metropolitan Management – Approaches and Implications” by Mats Andersson (2012). The paper was

based on a module on metropolitan finance and governance in the World Bank Institute e-learning course “Municipal Finances: A Learning Program for Local Governments” the http://einstitute.worldbank.org/ei/course/municipal-finances-learning-program-local-governments

All boxes are from the World Bank publication, Webster et al (2006) “Metropolitan Governance in China: Priorities for Action in the Context of Chinese Urban Dynamics and International Experience.”

http://einstitute.worldbank.org/ei/course/municipal-finances-learning-program-local-governments

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other. While political boundaries tend to be fairly stable, urban growth often changes the character of an area. Therefore, a metropolitan area usually includes a number of local government jurisdictions.

59. This mismatch between functional integration and political fragmentation creates a need for metropolitan-level management; to seize opportunities for collaboration, and prevent wasteful competition between local governments. Lack of any formal or informal governance arrangements at the metropolitan scale tends to create fragmentation of services (inefficiencies); “free ridership” by some jurisdictions (due to spillovers); environmental degradation; and underutilization of land with potentially higher value from a regional perspective.

60. Better metropolitan management would help make Malaysian cities more competitive. Currently, local governments are relatively weak, and unable to solve metropolitan-scale problems independently. Urban areas have been growing rapidly, but have struggled to keep up with citizen demand for services. At the same time, Malaysia has a complex, multi-tier system of government that makes it difficult for neighboring jurisdictions to coordinate to provide these services efficiently.

61. The six conurbations examined in this report are spread across multiple jurisdictions, indicating the need for a system of coordination at the metropolitan scale. The Greater Kuala Lumpur conurbation crosses 15 districts or federal territories and almost as many local authorities, the George Town/ Penang conurbation also crosses 15 districts and a few local authorities across three states, the Johor Bahru/ Iskandar conurbation crosses four districts and several local authorities, and Kuantan crosses three districts across two stastes. Each of these districts in turn is made up of multiple mukims. While there are no official conurbation boundaries for the remaining conurbations, looking at the spread of built-up areas suggests that the Kuching conurbation crosses at least two districts, while Kota Kinabalu crosses at least four. While these conurbations typically work as integrated units from the point of view of their economy, housing market, labor market, and mobility patterns, they are not recognized as such from an administrative point of view, as there is no administrative level between the individual districts and local authorities, and the states. Official conurbation boundaries indicate the general extent of a metropolitan area, but do not definitively enumerate which local authorities would need to be involved in metropolitan decision-making, as they do not align with district or mukim boundaries (e.g. see Figure 3-1).

62. A number of metropolitan areas around the world have tried to address similar problems, with varying degrees of success. This annex provides a typology of the main metropolitan-level governance approaches applied internationally, with their pros and cons, and related city examples. It concludes with a summary of lessons learned.

63. Malaysia’s jurisdictions, like Greater Kuala Lumpur in Figure 3-1, are highly multi-jurisdictional, and require collaboration between many local governments in order to function efficiently. Official conurbation boundaries do not clearly indicate which local authorities, or districts, fall within the conurbation.


Figure 3-1: Greater Kuala Lumpur jurisdictions

3.4.2 The need for metropolitan governance through political transformation

64. As metropolitan areas in Malaysia grow, there is an increasing need for coordination and joint decision-making by the area local governments, and management at a metropolitan scale of some functions and services. For example, while activities to retain businesses should normally be left to the lowest level of government, attracting new firms is usually best pursued at a regional level. Strong interdependencies also exist in tourism promotion and management. Solid waste disposal is a typical joint function for efficiency, while waste collection may be managed locally. Environmental impacts transcend jurisdictional boundaries, and inadequate maintenance of storm drains in one area can cause flooding in another (spillover effects).

65. International experience has shown that “there is not one size that fits all” due to local and national differences. (Slack 2007) Some institutional arrangements are established “bottom up”, i.e. through initiatives

92 Annexes

and agreements among the local governments in the area; some “top down”, i.e. by a provincial or national government. The arrangements often evolve, moving from one approach to another over time.7

66. While the system of local administration has a significant impact on the efficiency and equity of a regional economy, it also impacts the accessibility of residents to their local governments, the degree of public participation in decision-making, and the accountability and responsiveness of the governments. Efficiency, equity, and voice are essential for good metropolitan governance (Klink 2008). Slack concludes that the optimal design of government structure depends on which criteria are to be satisfied. Economies of scale, externalities, and equity lend themselves to large government units over an entire metropolitan area; the criteria of local responsiveness and accessibility and accountability point towards smaller government units. The challenge is to find the right balance between those criteria; this may be different in different metro areas.” (Slack 2007) Political factors often determine the choice of governance structure though.

67. Financial considerations are often prime incentives for creating special metropolitan arrangements.

a. Pooling financial or human resources: When synergy will be achieved through joint efforts (area promo-tion, procurement, borrowing, etc.);

b. Cost sharing: When scale economies will be gained by sharing costs for an investment (e.g. specialized equipment) or delivering a service;8

c. Management of Spillovers: When spillovers (externalities) across jurisdictions need to be addressed; e.g. air or water pollution (negative spillover); or if attractions are in one area while visitors stay and spend in another (positive spillover);

d. Reducing Disparity: When significant income and/or service inequality exist between jurisdictions (e.g. different tax base).

3.4.3 Metropolitan governance models

68. The main institutional approaches applied internationally to address these needs are categorized, described, and exemplified in Table 3-10. They range from: (a) ad hoc cooperation, and joint (temporary or permanent) coordination initiatives or arrangements; through (b) metropolitan planning and/or service delivery authorities; (c) a metropolitan-level / regional government; to (d) a consolidated local government through amalgamation of jurisdictions or annexation of adjacent areas by a city. While a municipal government covering most of its metro area facilitates coordination, local offices or sector arrangements may still be needed for efficiency and resident accessibility; cooperation across the area is often still a challenge.

3.4.4 Global experiences

69. International experience demonstrates a great diversity of metropolitan models, particularly across North America (Dodge 1996) and Europe (OECD 2006). Although many megacities are in South Asia, few examples exist of well-established and functioning approaches. Many metropolitan development authorities exist, but

7 Metropolitan management can be viewed as teamwork among local governments, particularly when a bottom-up approach is applied. Effective teamwork requires: (a) a common objective; (b) trust; and (c) that differences among members are viewed as strength, not as a weakness.

8 Alternatively it may be provided by one of the local governments, charging the others a fee.


these tend to mostly be focused on investment planning and land development. In East Asia, China, Japan and South Korea have consolidated and comprehensive metropolitan governments for their megacities (Yang 2009), while in the Philippines, Manila has had various regional governments with strong local government representation and the chair appointed by the President (Laquian 2005).

70. Where institutional arrangements at local levels are lacking or weak, coordination tend to be exercised by national or provincial/state governments (e.g. Lagos State). In Australia public transportation and other local functions are managed by the provincial governments. (Abbott, 2011) While an inter-governmental transfer system can be a powerful tool by a national government to influence inter-municipal affairs, it can also have unintended consequences if not carefully designed. Policies in Mexico in the 1990s, for example, unintentionally exacerbated the level of fiscal disparity in the metro area of Mexico City due to indirect negative effects of transfers on local tax collection, causing further disparity of infrastructure. Mitigating efforts proved to be constrained by legal and political complexities. (Raich 2008)

71. Often local governments do not evolve or cooperate unless they are required to do so by a higher level government, for example to be eligible for certain funding. Many regional planning councils were created following the availability of EU regional economic development grants (OECD 2006). However, this does not always create lasting arrangements. In the United States, it was for many years a pre-requisite for obtaining certain grant funding from the US federal government that the local governments present their needs and solutions through a regional plan. When these requirements ended, the effectiveness of many regional bodies that had been created diminished. (Post 2004) Other incentives for local/regional coordination have been through inter-governmental systems (e.g. in India), enabling legal frameworks (e.g. in France, Poland and Italy), and through financial incentives and political influence (e.g. in the Netherlands).

94 Annexes

Table 3-10: Metropolitan governance models9

Approach Characteristics Pros (advantages) Cons (disadvantages) Examples

1. HORIZONTAL COOPERATION AMONG LOCAL GOVERNMENTS

(i) Case-by-case joint initiatives

When joint action puts local governments in a stronger position to: (i) achieve economies of scale (e.g. bulk purchasing, contracting, firefighting, road maintenance, tourism promotion); or (ii) to attract firms, events, or tourists. When significant costs are involved, a cost sharing formula needs to be agreed upon.

Useful for areas with limited inter-dependencies (or with few local governments).Can be an initial phase to build trust for further, more permanent coordination. Useful if formal arrangements are constrained by politics or prohibited legally.

Usually limited in scope.No commitment to address needs on an on-going basis.

City candidates for an international conference or sports event tend to apply on behalf of their metro area.

(ii) Contracting among Local Governments

A local government engaging another local government for the delivery of a service `that they are responsible for.

One government can specialize in a service, for the benefit of others in the area.Useful when one local government dominates in terms of capacity.

Access by residents to a service provider may be affected; accountability may be weakened or unclear.A contracting local government still needs to monitor service quality and coverage provided.

Common in California, USA. E.g. many smaller local governments are contracting Los Angeles County for certain service provision.Cit of Amman, Jordan is collecting revenues on behalf of other cities in the country.

(iii) Committees, Associations, Commissions, Working groups, Partnerships, Consultative platforms, etc.

Temporary or permanent bodies for coordination. Often character of networks rather than institutions (OECD, 2006)

Flexible approaches. Usually advisory role only.

Ruhr, GermanyTurin and Milan, ItalyParis, FranceGreater Toronto, Canada

2. METROPOLITAN / REGIONAL AUTHORITY (Special Purpose District) Independent legal entity; voluntary association created by local governments to make better use of their public resources. (i)-(iv) are variations of the approach.

“Bottom-up”, voluntary organizations by local governments.

Effectiveness tends to depend on the level of member commitment.

Particularly common in USA and France.

(i) Metropolitan Council of Governments (COG)

A forum for coordinated efforts by member local governments. Decisions need endorsement of the respective local Council (to not undermine the accountability of the individual local governments).

A forum to address common / regional interests while maintaining local authority and identity. Flexible, if allowing members to join/exit at any time, or participate on some subjects only.

Impact depends on: (a) the financial and human resources mobilized or allocated to the COG; and (b) the degree of coherence on views on metro issues among member councils.

Common in USASao Paolo, BrazilMontreal, Canada

9 Privatization or public-private partnerships (PPP) are not specifically addressed in this paper.



2. METROPOLITAN / REGIONAL AUTHORITY (cont.)

(ii) Planning Authority A formal entity similar to COG to design regional strategies and/or exercise planning and policy development authority. With broad mandate or narrow focus (such as for a river basin). They may or may not have authority to enforce or implement plans.

Permanent focal point for regional planning.Specialized analytical resources (to highlight spillovers, potential for scale economies, inequalities, etc.)

Limited impact if only advisory role. Enforcement may require significant institutional capacity to be effective.

Regional Plan Association for New York metro area (NGO with advisory role) Portland, USA, with decision-making power (now an elected metro government).

(iii) Service Delivery Authority

A public service agency (utility corporation or cooperative) owned by member local governments. Responsible for delivery of one or more services. (Various single-service authorities in an area may create another coordination need.)Can usually levy user fees, taxes, or collect funds from the local governments.

Useful to achieve efficiencies for certain service(s).Local governments engaged as active owners via representation on the council/board. Can operate as businesses with professional board members.

Effectiveness depends on financial authority, e.g. to levy user fees, collect contributions from member governments, apply precept powers, have earmarked transfers, or tax authority.10 Access by residents may be affected; accountability may be weak or unclear.

Greater Vancouver Regional Service District (GVRSD), Canada, a multi-service public corporation (some planning functions)Bologna, Italy

(iv) Planning & Service Delivery Authority

Combination of (ii) & (iii), i.e. planning and delivery of one or more services (e.g. a Regional Transport or Water Authority).

Combination of (ii) & (iii) Combination of (ii) & (iii) Common in France.11

• Grand Lyon • Communauté Urbaine of Marseille

3. METROPOLITAN-LEVEL / REGIONAL GOVERNMENT

Centralization of some functions while preserving local identities via first-level local governments.

Access by residents may be affected; accountability may be weakened or unclear.12

96 Annexes


(i) A Metropolitan-level Local Government

A separate metro level local government, with a directly elected Council or one appointed by the area local governments.Responsible for coordination and selective functions (may or may not include service delivery). It may or may not have authority over the other local governments.

A permanent government structure for certain metro functions.Specialized metropolitan-level resources.

Effectiveness tends to depend on: (a) the degree of its authority over the other local governments; (b) funding; and (c) if mainly planning functions or some service delivery functions as well.

Toronto, Canada 1954-98Cape Town, RSA (to 2000)Abidjan, Cote d’Ivoire (to 2001)Dar es Salaam, Tanzania (no authority over other (3) local governments) Budapest, Hungary (with limited authority) London, UK (substantial authority over boroughs)

(ii) A Regional Government Established by Higher Level Government13

A government established by a provincial or national government for a metro area. Funding would usually be part of the higher tier government budget.

A permanent government structure (elected, or appointed) for certain metropolitan functions.Specialized resources.Funding would normally not be an issue.

Risk of limited engagement by the local governments in the area.

The Twin Cities, USA (appointed by the state) Portland, USA (elected) Abidjan, Cote d’IvoireMadrid, SpainStuttgart, Germany (directly elected) London, UK (with directly elected Mayor)Ile-de-France (Paris)Manila, The Philippines(strong local representation; chair appointed by President)

4. CONSOLIDATED LOCAL GOVERNMENT (through amalgamation or annexation)

Jurisdiction covering a large portion (or all) of the metropolitan area.

Facilitates coordination, redistribution / equalization (one tax base) and scale economies.

Resident access to the local government may be affected, and local responsiveness and accountability weakened.Reduce competition and public choice.

Cape Town, South Africa Pittsburgh, USAToronto, CanadaIstanbul, Turkey

10 11 12 13

13 The Ministry of Nairobi Metropolitan Development, Kenya can be considered a variation of this although with no direct authority over the area local governments.

Table 3-10: Continued

10 If local governments are mostly funding the authority, they need to be adequately represented on its board or council to ensure the accountability of decisions.

11 The areas and average populations of French local governments are small by international standards. They therefore make extensive use of cooperative arrangements for their service provision. France has a particular legal framework for inter-municipal cooperation (‘syndicats intercommunaux’). The syndicates are similar to cooperatives or federations of local governments to carry out single or multiple functions. A local government may be involved in several syndicates.

12 Some argue that large-scale metropolitan governments lead to greatly reduced citizen participation, and weakened democratic accountability. (Oakerson, 2004).


3.4.5 Metropolitan (regional) authority: city examples14

Variety of approaches for a metropolitan authority

72. Planning and service consolidation through a metropolitan authority can generate efficiency gains, particularly for smaller local governments in a metro area to remain independent yet efficient, signing service delivery contracts with the metro authority or utility company.15 Characteristics of a metro authority are reflected in Table 3-11, distinguishing options for each dimension. For example, some transport authorities are characterized by items in bold.

Table 3-11: Characteristics of metropolitan authorities

Dimension Option 1 Option 2

Function Planning Planning and Service Delivery

Scope Single Sector/Function Multiple Sectors/Functions

Degree of Authority Advising/guiding Managing

Legal status Public Sector Agency Public Sector Corporation or Utility Company

Operational Non-profit For profit

Accountability of Council/Board16

Appointed or elected by the local governments in the Area

Elected by the residents in the Area

Tax sharing agreements

73. Tax competition is sometimes tempting for local governments to attract business and high-income residents. However, reduction of tax rates sometimes becomes “a race to the bottom” and loss of revenues.

74. Communauté Urbaine of Marseille, France is a consortium of seventeen cities which uses a joint system for collection of a business tax with common tax rate, avoiding tax competition and achieving more cost-effective tax collection. It is governed by a body of the mayors and councilors of the municipalities, responsible for regional economic development, transport, land use and housing, crime prevention, waste disposal and environmental policies. Marseille transitioned from informal cooperation among a few local governments focused on a few roads and traffic projects, to a regional planning and service delivery authority.

75. The local governments (58) in the Grand Lyon, France area have a tax sharing arrangement whereby part of the local tax revenues are allocated to a common budget for metro level initiatives and expenditures.

76. The Twin Cities (Minneapolis-St.Paul), USA experienced significant mismatch between social needs and tax base (income and property tax) between two central cities and suburban areas. They established a Metro Council with access to part of the property taxes in the region to finance certain services and targeted transport subsidies. This council evolved into a Regional Government appointed by the Minnesota state government, and subsequently to a public sector corporation.

14 Basic data on city examples in the paper can be found on www.wikipedia.com 15 “The whole is greater than the sum of the parts” is a saying in this regard. However, if the parts cannot come together politically to add up

to the whole, then they may be worse off. (McCarthy, 2011)16 An additional option is when appointed by a provincial or national government.

http://www.wikipedia.com

98 Annexes

Flexible arrangements

77. The metro governance in Bologna, Italy was established on a voluntary basis in 1994 by forty-eight local governments and the province of Bologna. A metropolitan council is composed of all the mayors and presided over by the provincial president. Each local government is free to withdraw at any time and may participate in some or all activities of the council; a low-risk approach for the governments in the area.

78. A metropolitan authority needs to be properly funded. Greater Vancouver Regional Service District (GVRD), Canada finances its services through user charges, a share of property tax, and annual contributions from the member local governments, but has also been given authority to collect a road and gasoline tax in the metropolitan area. This metropolitan administration is now a public corporation with a Board composed of representatives of the eighteen member local governments; another flexible, demand-driven organization providing different services to its members through individual agreements. Since its establishment in 1965 numerous services have been added, including human resource management services on a contract basis. It does not have any strong land use planning powers though. GVRD was initially established by the provincial government, but has evolved to a corporation governed by the member municipalities. (See Box 3-1 to learn more about the GPVD’s history and approach).

3.4.6 Metropolitan-level planning through non-governmental organizations

79. Metropolitan-level planning is sometimes carried out by non-governmental organizations.

80. Regional Plan Association (RPA) serves the New York–New Jersey–Connecticut Metropolitan Region, which is comprised of 31 Counties. RPA is an independent metropolitan policy, research and advocacy group, which performs most of the regional planning functions, partly funded by the area Counties. (See Box 3-2 for more information on the RPA’s role in planning for the New York metro area.)

81. Although a new constitution in Brazil (1989) increased the autonomy of local governments and delegated responsibility for designing metropolitan structures to the state legislatures, relatively few examples of formal inter-municipal cooperation exist except in the São Paulo ABC Region17. This metro organization has had particularly active engagement of the civil society and the local private sector, and has played important roles in the economic development of the area (the City of São Paolo does not participate however). It was created to reinvent the region with a new economic vision after a period of very high unemployment.

17 The name refers to three small cities bordering São Paulo, initially forming this cooperation.


Municipal development agencies

82. A separate agency for planning and development has been established for some cities; some with a mandate focused on land use and master planning (Delhi Development Authority in India, and Dhaka Capital Development Authority (RAJUK) in Bangladesh)18 (Siddiqui, 2004), others with broader city development mandates such as Lagos Mega-City Development Authority in Nigeria, and London Development Agency in the UK, recently incorporated into the Greater London Authority to which the Mayor of London reports. These regional authorities combine some governing authority with development and service functions. They often receive state or municipal land to develop and sell.

3.4.7 Metropolitan-level / regional government: city examples19

Metropolitan-level local governments: institutional evolutions

18 Both established by the national governments.19 Municipal governments which essentially cover their metro areas can also be viewed as “metropolitan local governments” (e.g. in China

and South Africa).

Box 3-1 Greater Vancouver Regional District: An evolutionary approach to regional, district-based metropolitan planning & management

The Greater Vancouver Regional Districts (GVRD) was established in 1965; it now encompasses 21 municipalities that make up the metropolitan area of Greater Vancouver, an area that is home to 2.1 million people (2005), forecast to reach 2.7 million by 2021. The GVRD was originally constituted to deliver services most efficiently accomplished at a regional level, namely sewerage, drinking water, health/hospitals, and industrial development services. It has added functions over the years, including recycling, affordable housing, regional parks, air quality control, labor relations, and emergency communications (911). GVRD’s mandate is to cost-effectively deliver utilitiy services at the regional scale, to plan and manage regional growth and development, and to protect and enhance the quality of life in the Region. The GVRD’s Board of Directors is the primary decision-making body and collective voice in regard to regional development issues. The Board of Directors is comprised of mayors and councilors from the member municipalities. Board meetings are held once a month and are usually open to the public.

The GVRD stresses the involvement and participation of interested members of the general public. Under the umbrella of the GVRD, there are four separate legal entities: the GVRD/University of British Columbia (UBC) Joint Committee, the Greater Van-couver Water District (GVWD), the Greater Vancouver Sewerage and Drainage District (GVS&DD), and the Greater Vancouver Housing Corporation (GVHC). In addition, the Greater Vancouver Transportation Authority (Trans Link) was formed in 1998 as a body associated with the GVRD to coordinate and implement transportation plans and services for the movement of people and goods in the Region. Trans Link also operates the Air Care program, which aims to improve air quality by reducing harmful emissions from automobiles. From 1992 to 2002, the program is credited with reducing air emissions in the urban area by thir-ty-five percent. Vancouver has received numerous international awards, and ranks amongst the most livable cities in the world, according to premier media, such as, The Economist. Maintaining this quality of life is a significant challenge particularly in the face of population pressures, changing demographics, and economic re-structuring, plus demands for housing and employment associated with rapid growth.

In 1990, the GVRD Board produced Creating our Future: Steps to a More Livable Region to respond to challenges facing the region. It engaged more than 4,000 residents in a public consultation process. The over 200 issues identified in the process resulted in agreement to take 54 actions, incorporated in the Livable Region Strategic Plan introduced in 1996. Importantly, like most metropolitan agencies worldwide, the regional strategy advocates development of Regional Towns to minimize urban sprawl, commuting, and air pollution.

100 Annexes

83. International experience suggests that flexibility of governance arrangements over time is advisable as the local and regional circumstances change. The following examples have all had a local metropolitan government at some time, but have evolved between different models. (Slack, 2007)

84. Toronto, Canada operated under 13 independent municipalities until 1953, when a two-level system with an elected Metro Toronto and six additional independent local governments were established (each level with separate functions). In 1995 these seven entities were merged into one local government for the City of Toronto (still only representing about 50 percent of the population in the metropolitan area). The changes were made to increase effectiveness in service delivery and harmonize service levels across the area, and the provincial government played an important role in the institution's evolution.

85. London, UK was governed by a two-level structure from 1964 to 1986, the Greater London Council (GLC) and 32 local governments (each with its own mayor and council). In 1986, the GLC was abolished and governance of London became the responsibility of central government ministers, using ad hoc arrangements for regional planning. Since 2000, London again has a city-wide government with elected members of a Greater London Authority (GLA) and since 2002 also a directly elected mayor. GLA is a higher-level strategic authority to promote sustainable development and define strategy, particularly for transport, police, economic development planning, fire and emergency planning, land use planning, culture, environment, health, and coordination of London-wide events. GLA and local governments have little fiscal autonomy; more than 80 percent of their revenues come from central government grants.

86. Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire. Reforms in 1978 restored “commune” status to the major cities in Côte d’Ivoire. Abidjan, the former capital and the largest city in the country, had ten local governments, each with elected mayor and council. At the same time, a metropolitan government, the City of Abidjan, was established for

Box 3-1 Continued

Other agencies, the private sector, and residents use the plan to understand and contribute to Greater Vancouver’s vision for its future development. It helps all stakeholders “to face in the same direction”.

To improve metropolitan governance, the GVRD set up the Sustainable Region Initiative Forum. Regular discussion and meetings such as sustainability community breakfasts and regional dialogues are organized. In addition, the Greater Vancouver Economic Council (GVEC) has been established as the catalyst to deepen high promise industrial clusters and thereby enhance the regional economy. An important mandate of the GVEC is to take the lead in attracting investment to the Region through marketing and branding. GVEC’s mission is to support development, positioning the Region as the West’s Gateway to Asia and Canada’s “Cre-ative City”.

Much can be learned from the GVRD case. Of note is its evolutionary character. Although originally created to deliver “routine” functions such as sewerage, it has steadily added functions over the years as confidence in its role has increased. It does this in two ways: (i) internally, e.g., through agencies such as the GVHC, which operates within the GVRD’s institutional framework, and (ii) by spinning off entities such as the GVEC. Although it increasingly appears to be a regional government, it denies this role, being careful to allow constituent municipalities to maintain their autonomy. Important in this regard is the fact that municipali-ties can choose to opt out of any function or service provided by the GVRD. Much of GVRD’s success can be explained by its ability to mediate tensions between the British Columbia Provincial Government (Provincial governments are very powerful in Canada) and constituent municipal governments.

Sources: GVRD 2006; Western Ecoomic Diversification Canada 2006; Webster et al 2006


Box 3-2 New York Metropolitan Region: A legitimized civil society approach to megapolitan planning: the pioneering role of the regional planning association

The New York metropolitan region (NYMR) is the most populated urbanized area in the U.S. (2005 U.S. Census Bureau CSA pop. 21.9 million), and based on the UN urban agglomeration classification, the third largest in the world (after Tokyo and Mexico City). It covers 31 counties of the tri-state New York- New Jersey-Connecticut region encompassing 33,670 sq km. New York City, the core of the metropolitan region has a population of over 8.1 million with an area of 830 sq km, only 2.5% of the land area of the metropolis. A global city, New York is known for international finance, fashion, entertainment and culture. New York City itself has been a metropolitan municipality with a strong mayor-council government since its creation, the product of a consolidation of a number of autonomous local governments in 1898. The mayor is elected to a four-year term while 51 councilors are elected to two-year terms, strengthening the power of the mayor.

There is no “official” regional planning organization for the NYMR, but the Regional Plan Association (RPA), as an independent, not-for-profit regional planning organization is highly influential in planning both the region and its component jurisdictions. It is the de facto Regional Planning agency for the NYMR, having more power and a more impressive track record than virtually any metropolitan planning organization in the United States. This civil society based approach to planning in the NYMR is not regarded as a stepping stone to legal formalization, but a more advanced approach to regional planning based on collaborative planning, currently in vogue in both governmental and academic circles. Collaborative planning involves bringing representatives of key interests to the table, governments being only one of the parties involved, although they are expected to legalize most outcomes of the process (some initiatives can be implemented purely through non-governmental means). The RPA’s de facto legitimacy and stellar reputation is the product of two factors, its long history, and the high quality of its work. It was established in 1922.

RPA has played a key role in shaping the Region’s transportation systems, protecting open spaces, and promoting high quality urban development. The First Regional Plan completed in 1929 set the form for the Region’s growth over the next several decades, correctly identifying transportation and open space networks as the key levers to shape the Region. The Second Regional Plan in 1968 successfully targeted: (i) restoration of the Region’s deteriorated mass transit system, and (ii) revitalization and strength-ening of urban centers to make mass transportation more viable, preserve natural resources, and create areas of high urban intensity within the vast Region. The Third Plan, in 1996, A Region at Risk, addressed the Region’s extreme fiscal problems. In the post 9/11 period, RPA has been involved in the redevelopment of lower Manhattan, seriously damaged by the terrorist attacks, as well as strengthening disadvantaged communities such as East Harlem, through community based activities.

As well as being a world-class regional research and planning organization, RPA has considerable strengths as an advocacy organization, an educational and awareness agency (working with local governments, communities, and the public), the lat-ter strengthened by partnerships such as with the Institute on Community Design at Princeton University. One of the greatest strengths of the RPA is its links with leading US professional groups such as the American Institute of Architects (AIA), the Amer-ican Institute of Planners (AIP), and the American Society for Public Administration (ASPA). Strong professional connections enable the RPA to access some of the best talent in city building, at affordable rates, or even on a voluntary basis.

RPA always takes an interdisciplinary perspective that integrates economic development (competitiveness), human resources and the human condition, land use, transportation, and environmental and design expertise. To implement, RPA’s main strategy is to build an alliance of various stakeholders, including local governments, interest groups (e.g., environmental), professional groups, and the business community. Given the enormous power of the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey, RPA has long worked closely with them, using the Authority as a lever to shape the Region.

Sources: Alfsen-Norodom 2004; Civic Alliance 2006; Regional Planning Association 2006; Webster et al 2006

102 Annexes

many local functions, with a council of the City mayor and four councilors from each local government. The mayor of the City was indirectly elected by the ten mayors. This system functioned for over 20 years, but the local governments were constrained by the national government in carrying out some functions, and the City had little influence over its finances. National government collected property taxes and remitted them to the local governments which then paid (often delayed) a portion to the City. (Stren, 2007) In 2001, the City of Abidjan was replaced by a Regional Government, or “District” of Abidjan. The post of City Mayor was replaced by a District Governor appointed by the President of the country. The original ten local governments were maintained and three suburban jurisdictions and some rural areas were added.

87. Johannesburg, South Africa, the largest city in South Africa by population, evolved from a segregated city with eleven councils, through a stage with one Metro Council plus four subordinated Local Councils, to the current one single-level city government covering the main part of the metropolitan area. It has been innovative in shaping its internal governance by issuing management contracts for water and sanitation services; corporatizing road and solid waste functions; and moving to private management of its real estate.

Regional Government Established by a Provincial or National Government

88. Metropolitan governance reforms have rarely emerged purely from local government initiatives; rather, a national or provincial government has usually either imposed or encouraged it (OECD 2006).

89. Portland, Oregon, USA. Initially Portland had a COG/planning authority for primarily land use management. It took on additional functions, and eventually was elevated to a directly elected regional government established by the Oregon State Government. It may now levy property, sales, and income taxes, and issue Metro bonds for investments.

90. Verband Region Stuttgart, Germany was created by the Baden-Wurtenberg state government in 1993 as a directly elected higher-level metropolitan entity for an area with 179 local governments. Its main responsibility at present is serving as a public transport authority. For its broader purposes it has become fairly weak, in large part because it has no authority to levy taxes or user charges. Its funding is derived about equally from local government contributions and the state government. (OECD 2006)

91. Metro Nairobi, Kenya (a different approach). A Ministry of Nairobi Metropolitan Development was established in 2008 by presidential decree to facilitate implementation of a development strategy for this, extremely large (32,000 km2) area of fifteen local governments. However, participation of the main city, City of Nairobi, has been limited.

3.4.8 Consolidated local government: city examples

92. Annexation or amalgamation of jurisdictions may sometimes be the most effective approach to achieve needed scale and equity in public service provision. Yet, this tends to be the most politically controversial, usually requiring active involvement of a national or provincial government. Few amalgamations have achieved coverage of an entire metropolitan area. However, in those cases where local governments do indeed cover their economic region, coordination is less challenging in terms of institutional complexity. However, allocation of resources and services to the residents across the area still often presents challenges.


93. Cape Town, South Africa boundaries were drawn by the Municipal Demarcation Board20 in 1998, and now include almost all people who live and work in the metro area (2,461 km2).

94. Istanbul, Turkey had its administrative boundaries expanded in 2004 to include provinces previously governed by the central government, increasing its area from 1,830 to 5,340 km2. (Turan 2011)

95. Shanghai Municipal Government, China (and similarly all larger municipalities in China) covers its entire metropolitan area (6,340 km2).

96. Chinese cities have a two-level local government structure; a municipal government with a number of subordinated district and county governments. Districts are the more urban ones, and counties the more rural ones. Coordination is often still challenging due to counties being quite independently governed; an example where political economy and legacy may influence how an area is functioning in practice. In this case, the municipal government tend to limit its involvement with how the county governments run their affairs in order not to interfere with how they meet their performance targets.

97. Additional examples where the local governments (with subordinated districts or wards) essentially cover their respective economic regions are Seoul, Tokyo, and Istanbul. (OECD, 2006). See Box 33 for information about the Seoul Metropolitan Government.

3.4.9 Large infrastructure projects: special situations

98. Managing and funding infrastructure projects that benefit various local jurisdictions needs special arrangements, sometimes a separate project entity to implement the project and possibly to also own, operate and maintain the assets. A higher tier government often has a key role to play, as exemplified below.

99. ARPEGIO is a public sector company in Madrid, Spain through which a directly elected regional government undertakes projects in coordination with local governments. ARPEGIO obtains public land from local governments for development, marketing and management. It allows agile planning and execution of projects that are not attractive for the private sector.

100. A Metrorail Project is under construction in the Greater Washington Area in United States, extending rapid transit service to an international airport and employment centers in the area. The project funding is from: (i) voluntary taxes on local businesses/landowners; (ii) toll road revenues; (iii) two local governments; (iv) one state government; and (v) grant funds from the US Federal Government (from gas tax revenues and economic stimulus funds).

20 Similar consolidations were done across the country creating six large metropolitan municipalities.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapid_transit

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapid_transit

104 Annexes

3.4.10 Lessons learned and policy implications

101. Lessons from international experience in metropolitan management for Malaysian policy makers include the following:

» When the population of one local government is dominant in a metro area, this tends to be an additional challenge for achieving joint actions (e.g. Nairobi, Sao Paolo, Paris). Care should be taken so that each of the jurisdictions is able to voice its needs.

» Few cities cover their entire metropolitan area. While having one local government covering most of its metro area may facilitate coordination, government accountability and accessibility by residents may suffer; and area-wide coordination may still be a challenge (South Africa, China).

» Evolution from one model to another is not uncommon as local and regional circumstances change and learning takes place (London, Minneapolis-St. Paul, Portland, Toronto).

» Active involvement of a higher level government is often required to ensure arrangements for reasonable coordination of public services and area-wide development (Abidjan, Manila, Stuttgart, Toronto). However, metropolitan arrangements created in a “top-down” manner by a provincial or national government will often be weak unless they are actively supported by the area local governments (Dar es Salaam, Stuttgart).

» Cost savings is often an argument for amalgamation or annexation. However, as the case of Toronto has shown, by unifying salaries and services across the earlier local government areas, the overall costs may go up.

102. The implications for policy and practice in a particular metropolitan area include:

» Determine where are the largest gains from joint or coordinated actions (“differences which would make a difference”).

» Engage stakeholders thoroughly.

» Find a balance between achieving efficiency and social equity, and ensuring voice and accountability.

103. Given the large number of agencies at various levels that already exist in the Malaysian context, creating new government bodies (e.g. London, Nairobi) may simply add to the complexity, making coordination even more difficult. Consolidation of local governments (e.g. Cape Town, Istanbul, Chinese cities) may work in the case of smaller conurbations. Systems by which local governments can coordinate on individual services (e.g. transportation planning in US metro areas) or metropolitan-scale investments (Madrid, Washington), or flexible, voluntary arrangements as in Bologna, Italy, could benefit Malaysian metro areas without the disruption of creating new agencies or consolidating jurisdictions. These could be encouraged by the national or state governments by linking metropolitan coordination with funding opportunities. Such arrangements could gradually formalize and take on more re sponsibilities over time, as in Greater Vancouver. Lastly, support for long-term strategic planning at the metropolitan scale, separate from day-to-day urban service delivery, provided by a non-governmental organization (e.g. RPA in New York) could help guide local governments act in a more coordinated manner.


Box 3-3 Seoul Metropolitan Government: Leadership from the metropolitan core

The Seoul Metropolitan Area (SMA) constitutes the core of the Seoul Metropolitan Region (SMR), the latter a megapolitan area containing 48% of South Korea’s population (23 million). The SMR typifies extended urban regions in East Asia, it is nineteen times as large in area as the SMA, with an area of 11,773 square kilometers. Over time, an increasing proportion of the SMR’s population lives outside the SMA; in part because SMA’s area has been extended only slightly between 1963 and 2004 (from 595 to 605 sq. kms.), combined with the fact that the population of the SMA peaked in 1992 at 11 million, declining to 10.3 million by 2004 through suburbanization and peri-urbanization processes.

Within the SMA, the city’s efficiency has been increased substantially through the establishment of public corporations, e.g., the Seoul Metro Corporation and the Seoul Metropolitan Rapid Transit Corporation, which are responsible for 9 subway lines, the Seoul Housing Corporation responsible for low income housing, and the Seoul Metropolitan Facilities Management Corporation, responsible for car-only roads and parking facilities. The SMG is now focused on quality of life, given that efficiency objectives have largely been achieved. This shift is described as a shift from a growth oriented (quantitative) model to a growth management (quality) model. The latter includes restoration of historic, cultural, and natural environments. Related to the latter, Seoul has attracted global attention by restoring Cheonggyechon Stream which runs through the heart of the city. This has involved removal of an expressway (that covered it) – a cost deemed acceptable, given the shifting values of increasingly wealthy SMA residents.

Megapolitan governance is based on three tiers: the SMR, SMG and the Districts. Typical of extended urban regions such as Bang-kok and Toronto, the SMR has limited powers, especially in terms of service delivery. The national government takes the lead in economic, demographic, and spatial planning for the SMR, through the Capital Region Management Committee, chaired by the Prime Minister. At present, the second Capital Region Management Plan 1997-2011, based on the Capital Region Management Act of 1982, establishes basic parameters for the region, e.g., land use and urban form (promoting a multi-nuclei structure), industrial distribution, and national government capital investments. The twenty-five Autonomous Districts undertake their own locally derived projects under a certain scale (e.g., roads less than 20 meters wide, sewage pipes under 900 mm), plus those commissioned by the SMG. The mayor of each District is also elected.

Cooperation between the SMG and surrounding jurisdictions has resulted in positive outcomes, e.g., the establishment of the Capital Region Transport Association, which co-ordinates 397 bus routes carrying 8.8 million riders daily in Seoul, Gyonggi and Inchon. Of particular note is the initiative to improve water quality in the Han River, which flows through Seoul. The Committee for the Management of the Han River Water Quality allocates zero costs to the two furthest upstream jurisdictions (Gangwon, Chungchung), whereas downstream communities share the vast majority of costs, aided by a matching grant from the Korea Water Resources Corporation. In effect, the downstream communities provide upstream jurisdictions with a subsidy for perform-ing environmental services.

From 1998 to 2001, SMG implemented a series of reforms such as the citizen evaluation system, online procedures to handle civil service applications (the open system), and performance based budgeting. The reforms were implemented immediately after the East Asian financial crisis of 1997, when people were receptive to change. The citizen evaluation system (requiring quick internet response from the responsible official) and anti-corruption index were recognized as “the most valuable reform” by the Presiden-tial Commission on Governmental Innovation in Korea.

Metropolitan Seoul indicates that even when the metropolitan area cannot be expanded to keep up with peripheral population expansion and movement of population to suburban and peri-urban areas, coordination of development can be successful. In the Seoul case this coordination was catalyzed by the national government.

Sources: Kim 2004; Metropolis 2006; Soeul Metropolitan Government 2006; Webster et al 2006

106 Annexes

Table 3-12: Allocation of expenditure responsibilities for metropolitan-wide vs. local service provision

FunctionMetro wide

Local Govt

Central Govt Rationale

1

Strategic develop. planning X Externalities

Economic development X Externalities

Tourism promotion & mgmt. X Externalities

2

Regional land use planning X Externalities

Local land plans / allocation X Local access, responsiveness (some externalities)

Titling / provision of tenure X No externalities (possibly scale economies)

3

Social (low income) housing X Redistribution; scale; some externalities

Community upgrading X Local responsiveness; limited externalities

Cultural facilities X X Economies of scale vs. local responsiveness

Libraries X Local responsiveness

Parks and recreation facilities X Local responsiveness

4

Roads and bridges X X X Main (arterial) roads vs. local (street) roads

Public transit X Externalities; economies of scale

Street lighting and cleaning X No (or limited) externalities

5

Police protection/security X X Externalities; economies of scale

Traffic management X Local responsiveness

Basic fire / rescue services X Local responsiveness

Specialized services; training X Scale economies

Ambulance service X Economies of scale; externalities

6

Water supply system X Economies of scale

Drainage/flood protection X Economies of scale; externalities

Piped sewerage system X Economies of scale

Solid waste disposal X Economies of scale (e.g. landfill); externalities

Solid waste collection X Less economies of scale and externalities

7

Education X X Primary and secondary vs. higher education

Public health X X Externalities; redistribution; scale economies

Welfare assistance X X Income redistribution; externalities

8Promotion of major events X Externalities

Business licensing X Local responsiveness

9 Power generation (electricity) X

Source: Based on Slack (2004)


3.5 Mayor’s Wedge Analysis for Greater KL/KV PBTs

Kuala Lumpur City Hall (DBKL) and Ampang Jaya Municipal Council (MPAJ)

Summary

104. Local authorities (PBTs)21, the unit of institutional analysis for city governments in Malaysia, appear to have a very limited direct role in impacting the competitiveness of their city. Cities worldwide have different degrees of influence in such economic development activities, which relate to both intergovernmental structures and the involvement of stakeholders at the city level. Throughout Malaysia, economic development initiatives are carried out by national agencies, state-level agencies and regional corridor authorities. In addition, in several city-level functions—such as infrastructure and land use and planning—operations and decision-making are spread across levels of government, with limited local government influence. Both Kuala Lumpur City Hall (DBKL) and Ampang Jaya Municipal Council (MPAJ) function as local authorities throughout the country, with DBKL under the Ministry of Federal Territories, and MPAJ under the Selangor state government.

105. The national government has led the targeting of proactive economic interventions in the Greater KL/KV metro area, identifying is as one of its National Key Economic Areas (NKEA) and as part of its Economic Transformation Programme (ETP). This has seen various government agencies tasked to carry out the entry point projects (EPPs) to fulfill the 2020 vision for Kuala Lumpur. DBKL and MPAJ’s roles in these initiatives are limited to areas outside of economic development. Investment attraction and talent formation and attraction are carried out by national agencies, while the city governments have a role for revitalizing the area along the Klang River, greening the city and developing a pedestrian network.

106. Cities worldwide provide different approaches and institutional typologies for tackling the most pressing policy issues of their city or metropolitan area. Seoul and Los Angeles led reforms to reduce automobile congestion and increase public transport use, and in Seoul’s case, revitalize urban areas. Manchester’s success has earned it more responsibilities from an otherwise very centralized U.K. central government. The Manchester Combined Authority also offers a successful example of government collaboration within a metropolitan area.

107. This institutional analysis of DBKL and MPAJ identifies the limited role of city government in economic development and service delivery overall, and it also presents the myriad of institutions at the national and state level that coordinate service delivery in cities. The complexity that arises from this arrangement is being addressed by the Malaysian government, which has done this by creating national agencies around certain government functions and to oversee performance.22 However, it may be the case that greater centralization only increases the current institutional complexity. Cities coordinate and carry out services for both national and state government bodies, and designated national level agencies such as SPAD, InvestKL, and Talent Corp.

3.5.1 The Mayor’s wedge framework: a standardized framework for city governments

108. As a starting point on implementation, the “mayor’s wedge” is defined as the “range of interventions that city leaders can influence, compared to those that are predetermined by higher levels of government” (Competitive Cities Knowledge Base Concept Note). The mayor’s wedge framework is being developed as standardized approach to measuring the role of city governments worldwide, with a particular emphasis on a city’s role in economic development. The city government role is framed through the city’s scope—government powers,

21 Local governments, pihak berkuasa tempatan (PBT) in Malay, are commonly referred to as PBTs.22 PEMANDU, the national delivery unit, is the most obvious example, but the creation of the Land Public Transport Commission (SPAD) for

all levels of government also attests to this.

108 Annexes

functions and funding—and capacity—the financial (systems and processes) and technical (staff expertise) ability to perform its functions.

109. The framework includes city scope components of institutional and economic development context, functional assignments, budget and staffing discretion and expenditures, revenue discretion and politics. A city’s capacity is further disaggregated in terms of human resource management; public financial management; controlling corruption; and building “growth coalitions”. While these are the standardized components, certain scope components such as the political system, and capacity components have not been applied here to the context of the Greater Kuala Lumpur/Klang Valley area governments. Figure 3-2 below is a visualization of the mayor’s wedge framework.

Figure 3 2: The Mayor’s Wedge Framework (scope and capacity)

110. For the Greater Kuala Lumpur/Klang Valley (Greater KL/KV) metropolitan area, the objective is to identify the role of public sector institutions in creating an enabling environment for economic development, and distinguish which of those institutions are at the city or local level as compared to other levels of government. While the mayor’s wedge identifies the role of the city government in particular, it expands to include those public sector actors that carry out economic development if these functions are beyond the city’s administrative remit. Additionally, it is often city actors from the private sector or other stakeholder groups either working with, or in place of, the city government in leading proactive economic development initiatives. The following is the mayor’s wedge analysis of the Greater KL/KV metropolitan area local governments of Kuala Lumpur City Hall (Dewan Bandaraya Kuala Lumpur - DBKL) and Ampang Jaya Municipal Council (Majlis Perbandaran Ampang Jaya - MPAJ).

3.5.2 Overview: Greater Kuala Lumpur and Klang Valley PBTs

111. Greater Kuala Lumpur/Klang Valley is composed of 10 local governments, including three city councils and seven municipal councils—these are listed in the graphic below (along with their population) (Ministry of


Federal Territories).23 Greater KL/KV is within Selangor State; however the Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya are autonomous federal territories, administered by the Ministry of Federal Territories. Federal territories are administered as local governments, and have almost all of the attributes of PBTs, but differ in that they report directly to the national government24, namely to the Ministry of Federal Territories.

Figure 3-3: Greater Kuala Lumpur/Klang Valley PBTs25

112. While Greater KL/KV has no overarching governance structure for the entire metropolitan area, the territory’s inclusion as a National Key Economic Area (NKEA) outlines several metro area-wide priorities in investment attraction, mass public transportation, and urban regeneration and livability.26 The National Key Economic Areas are part of the national government’s “national transformation program” (NTP)—composed of a “government transformation program” (GTP) and “economic transformation program” (ETP). The Greater KL/KV NKEA initiatives, as noted in the ETP Annual Report (2013), are led by the Ministry of Federal Territories and involve several government agencies and private sector firms. The report states that the NKEA “involves the efforts of more than 40 Government agencies and private sector firms to transform the Greater KL/Klang Valley region into a vibrant, world-class hub for residents and visitors alike to live, work and play (ETP Annual Report 2013: 42).”27

23 The metropolitan area has a total population of about 5.7 million (2010).24 Federal territories are autonomous of their state.25 Source: Official website of Greater Kuala Lumpur/Klang Valley, Ministry of Federal Territories26 This references the entry point projects (EPPs) for Greater KL/KV according to the NKEA. 27 The ETP’s target is for Malaysia to become a high-income country by 2020, through achieving specific goals set out in each of its NKEAs.

110 Annexes

3.5.3 Malaysia’s intergovernmental environment

113. A review of Malaysia’s broad governance environment illustrates that while the country has a federal structure, it is highly centralized. The federal and state governments in Malaysia retain the majority of government resources and decision-making powers. Furthermore, local government bodies must seek the approval of their respective states28 to carry out several of the functions that they are assigned.

Mayor’s wedge typologies – Malaysia, South Africa and Indonesia

114. Malaysian cities may have either of two types of government administration: city halls/councils for large urban centers and municipal councils for large towns. Cities fall in either of the two tiers depending on a combination of population, revenue and economic output criteria (CLGF 2013: 90-91). Other countries, such as South Africa and the Indonesia, also have several local government types—South Africa has metropolitan, district and local municipalities, and Indonesia has cities and districts (Smoke 2013: 61). South Africa follows a model of devolution, with city governments wielding more influence over policy levers and being answerable to their constituents as opposed to higher tiers of government (Smoke 2013: 60). Indonesia has moved from deconcentration to provinces to devolution to cities (Smoke 2013: 62). The chart below compares aspects of the mayor’s wedge for South Africa, Indonesia and Malaysia, discussing decentralization context, policy levers and revenue raising power. Essentially, the countries fall into three typologies, with South Africa having an enlarged mayor’s wedge, Malaysia a constrained mayor’s wedge, and Indonesia falling somewhere in the middle.

Table 3-13: Comparing the mayor’s wedge of South Africa, Indonesia and Malaysia29

South Africa Indonesia Malaysia

Decentralization ContextMetro municipalities are more independent than provinces, metro powers have increased

Devolution to cities since 2001, yet recent reforms have increased role of higher-level government

Deconcentration where city governments implement functions and directives from higher-level government

Policy Levers

Metros have responsibilities in economic promotion, tourism (economic), transport and urban roads (transport), and policing and civil protection (general administration)

Cities provide local business development support, and some set up one stop shops to foster a good investment climate (economic). Most other urban tasks are at the local level, apart from land management and higher education

Cities have no direct role in economic development-related functions (all state or federal government led), nor in policing and/or civil protection (general administration)

Revenue Raising

Metros much more fiscally independent than other local governments, and have a several revenue sources (as opposed to just property tax revenue)

Cities collect several municipal taxes but cannot set tax rates or create new taxes. Devolution has increased city spending autonomy, financed via fiscal transfers. Local taxes have slightly increased

Very little revenue is raised by cities (local governments). Cities have access to local property tax and user fees and charges only (as own-source revenues)

28 Federal territories report instead to the Ministry of Federal Territories.29 Findings for countries from Smoke 2013, CLGF South Africa Country Profile, UCLG Indonesia Country Profile, CLGF Malaysia Country

Profile and UCLG Malaysia Country Profile.


City government spending, budgeting and staffing discretion

115. Proxies for decentralization to city governments include both the degree to which cities are involved in resource mobilization (this includes local taxation), on the revenue side, and the breadth and depth of their service delivery responsibilities, on the expenditure side (Frank 2014). At the aggregate level, local government spending in Malaysia is rather low as a percentage of total government spending—it stands at less than 5 percent (UCLG 2011: 87). The aggregate local government spending in South Africa stands at 17.4 percent, although metropolitan cities account for 57 percent of municipal spending (UCLG 2011: 336) (Smoke 2013: 66). Indonesia local government spending is 28 percent as a share of total government spending, and 80 percent of this spending comes from cities and districts (UCLG 2011: 87) (Smoke 2013: 66).

116. While Kuala Lumpur City Hall is able to prepare its own budget, it is not able to determine the overall allocations for either its development (capital) expenditures or its operational expenditures. The Economic Planning Unit sets DBKL’s development expenditures, while the Ministry of Finance determines its operational expenditures. DBKL’s budget is approved by the Ministry of Federal Territories. Likewise, MPAJ’s budget is approved by the Selangor State Government. Both DBKL and MPAJ are able to increase their budget spending by borrowing from the state and/or national government, pending higher-level government approval.30 In addition to DBKL and MPAJ having little influence over development expenditures, development expenditures are not adequately aligned with operational expenditures. Thus, PBTs often do not have the necessary increases in operational expenditure financing in order to account for development expenditures.

117. Malaysian cities have a two-tier civil service, with seconded staff from the federal civil service and local civil service staff. Federal civil service staff is paid for and controlled by the federal government, and the local staff is paid from the city budget—this applies to all Malaysian local authorities, thus to both DBKL and MPAJ. However, even for staff paid for from the city budget, staff numbers must be approved by the Public Service Commission (PSC), and also the relevant higher tier of government. For DBKL, appointments to the civil service and the creation of new positions must be approved by the PSC and then by the Ministry of Federal Territories. This is similar in the case of the MPAJ, except that, appointments and the creation of new positions must be approved by the PSC and then the Selangor State Government. The National Institute of Public Administration, an extension of the Public Service Commission, is responsible for the training of all local government staff in Malaysia. South African municipalities develop their own budgets, which are approved at the municipal council level. Budgets and hiring are subject to relevant laws and regulations (Smoke 2013: 76). In Indonesia, cities initially had more autonomy in both budgets and the civil service; however, recent legislation has increased higher-level government control over budgeting and decisions on the civil service (Smoke 2013: 76).

Revenue discretion

118. Malaysian city governments have a limited role in resource mobilization, and similar to expenditure assignments, there is a dependency relationship of cities to higher tier governments. As shown in Table 312, Malaysia is relatively more constrained in its revenue discretion than both South Africa and Indonesia. Tax collection in the Kuala Lumpur jurisdiction is collected by DBKL and the Ministry of Federal territories—DBKL collects the property assessment tax, while the Ministry collects the quit rent property tax. No other taxes, besides the assessment property tax, are raised or administered by the city government, or any city government in Malaysia. MPAJ collects the property assessment in Ampang Jaya while the Selangor State Government collects rent. While city governments formally have the ability to request to set a new tax rate, in practice these requests are always rejected. Tax rates have not been reassessed in the country for decades. The inefficiencies of the property tax system ultimately constrain the own-source revenues of DBKL and MPAJ, which depend heavily on the collection of property taxes.

30 DBKL must seek approval from the Ministry of Federal Territories, while MPAJ must receive Selangor State Government approval.

112 Annexes

119. Local government revenue, as a percentage of total government revenue, is very low in the country, at less than 1 percent (UCLG 2011: 87). This would suggest that most expenditure for cities do not go through the city government budget, but are financed by higher tiers of government. DBKL’s rather low revenue is made up of 90 percent own source revenues (of which 70 percent come from property taxes, and 20 percent from user fees), and 10 percent intergovernmental transfers.

3.5.4 Economic development strategy

120. The National Key Economic Area for Greater KL/KV is the only one with a geographic as opposed to an industry focus31, and this is due to the particular role that cities play in shaping and driving economic development (Economic Transformation Programme 2010: 125). The NKEA functions like the economic development strategy for the city, identifying economic dynamism and livability goals to be achieved by 2020. As aforementioned, these goals are implemented through the entry point projects (EPPs), of which there are nine for the Greater KL/KV NKEA.

121. Several national government agencies are responsible for economic policymaking32 on Greater KL/KV, and this includes the Economic Planning Unit (EPU), the Performance Management Delivery Unit (PEMANDU), the Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI), the Ministry of Finance (MOF), the Malaysian Investment Development Authority (MIDA) and InvestKL (which is under the purview of MITI, PEMANDU and the Ministry of Federal Territories). In terms of the implementation of the Greater KL/KV NKEA, responsibility is shared by InvestKL and TalentCorp on attracting investment and talent, while DBKL and other area local governments have roles in urban regeneration and beautification (ETP Annual Report 2013).

Implementing economic development

122. Malaysia focuses on economic development through focusing on general business environment improvements, targeting specific sectors and prioritizing inventions. The Greater KL/KV NKEA targets the following priority economic sectors: financial services, business services, education, tourism and retail.33 InvestKL was established in 2011 with the mandate to attract 100 multinational corporations (MNCs)—in the priority sectors—to set up regional headquarters in Greater KL/KV by 2020. InvestKL works closely with Talentcorp, the main implementing body of the EPP on attracting external and internal talent, so that it can offer talent with specialized skills for targeted new services industries and for commodities-based industries. Talentcorp works to build a local ecosystem in order to create a large number of jobs, develop a talent attraction program, attracting skilled and qualified Malaysians living abroad, and retain foreign talent currently residing in Malaysia (ETP Annual Report 2013: 28-29).

123. A recent report by Brookings analyzed unemployment of youth and teen adults in the U.S.’s 100 largest metropolitan areas, recognized worsening job prospects from 2000 to 2011 (2014). This of course is an issue among cities worldwide, and one Kuala Lumpur is facing as it looks to build talent to support its labor market demand. Box 3-4 presents the main recommendations from the Brookings report.

31 Malaysia’s NKEAs include: Greater KL/KV, Oil, Gas and Energy, Financial Services, Wholesale and Retail, Palm Oil and Rubber, Tourism, Electrical and Electronics, Business Services, Communications Content and Infrastructure, Education, Agriculture, Healthcare (ETP Annual Report 2013).

32 This includes economic strategies and planning, investment promotions, investment incentives, and monitoring of economic strategies.33 Combined, they contributed to 41% of Greater KL/KV’s GNI in 2009


124. DBKL and the other local governments of Greater KL/KV appear to have a limited, or perhaps indirect, role in economic development. According to the NKEA, DBKL’s Physical Planning Department drives the planning and implementation of beautification works on the Klang-Gombak River (EPP 5). Additionally, DBKL’s Economic Planning and Development Coordination Department will make recommendations on the development of the land along the river corridor. Ampang Jaya Municipal Council (MPAJ) is tasked with and has reduced oil and grease levels along the portion of the river that falls under its jurisdiction. DBKL leads EPP 6 on a greener Kuala Lumpur, planting and maintaining trees and attempting to increase participation of public and private sector companies in the overall greening effort. DBKL also leads the efforts on identify iconic city attractions (EPP 7) as well as improving pedestrian connectivity (EPP 8) (ETP Annual Report 2013: 33-39).

114 Annexes

3.5.5 City service delivery

125. Service provision in Malaysia is largely held at the federal government level and this is exclusively the case on areas such as general administration (policing, criminal justice), education (pre-school to higher education), and health (primary care and hospitals) (CLGF 2013: 92). Service areas including urban transport and housing and urban planning have greater involvement of city administrations; economic planning (strategies, investment promotion, investment incentives and monitoring) falls entirely outside of the city government’s scope (CLGF 2013: 92). There are differences between DBKL and MPAJ, however, as DBKL shares its responsibilities with federal agencies—particularly the Ministry of Federal Territories—and MPAJ shares responsibilities both with federal and Selangor state government agencies.

126. The federal government united public transportation under one roof in 2010, by creating the Land Public Transport Commission (SPAD). SPAD comes directly under the purview of the Prime Minister and designs the policies, planning and regulating of all aspects of train, bus and taxi services, as well as road and rail-based

Box 3-4 Selected recommendations for teen and young adult unemployment in U.S. cities

Enrich high school and college education with work-based learning opportunities and expand apprenticeships › Work-based learning provides a practical and applied setting for students to learn employability skills (e.g. problem-solving, communication), highlight the relevance of education, and provide students networks to employers and employment that they would otherwise not be able to access.

› Examples: • The Christo Rey Network of high schools places students in “work-study” programs during their academic year. • U.S. States Wisconsin and Georgia have created youth apprenticeship programs for their high school students, linking

together high schools, businesses and community colleges.

Link high schools to post-secondary education › About two-thirds of 24 to 29 year olds do not have either two or four year post-secondary education credentials. Dual enroll-ment and early college programs allow students to take college classes in high school, and increase the likelihood that they will continue on to college.

› Examples: • Launched in 2002, the Early College High School Initiative has created and modified 240 high schools nationwide to blend

high school and college into one rigorous program.• North Carolina’s Career and College Promise program creates several alternatives for high school students to earn college

credit, also including paths to transfer to four-year degree programs.

Increase the emphasis on career and technical education, career counseling and job placement › This refers to better preparing and planning for high school students to directly start in the entry-level workforce, such as through attaining the necessary workplace skills in high school.

› Examples:• Jobs for America’s Graduates (JAG) provides students at risk of dropping out with help to graduate from high school, enroll

in post secondary education, and/or find a job.• Year Up, a program in 12 cities across the United States, provides training on information technology skills and college

credits to young adults ages 18-24.

Provide those who have dropped out opportunities to get a high school diploma and access to post-secondary education › Example: • Gateway to College programs are found at community colleges around the U.S. work with young adults ages 16-21, to help

them earn a diploma and/or college credits, while providing a very supportive environment.

Source: Brookings 2014


freight transport (SPAD).34 SPAD designs policy and planning for bus network and stations, rail network and stations, taxis and other land transport for the DBKL and MPAJ jurisdictions. It is also responsible for the NKEA priorities on a High Speed Rail to connect Kuala Lumpur to Singapore, and on coordinating with Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) Corp (created in 2011) in order to integrate existing rail networks and transit and develop a new MRT system for Greater KL/KV.

127. One of Kuala Lumpur’s transportation issues is the emphasis on automobile use as opposed to mass transit. Besides the implications this has on traffic congestion and the environment, this underutilizes the effects of agglomeration at the city level and the economic benefits created by dense urban networks. Box 3-5 describes the experiences of Los Angeles and Seoul in addressing the challenges caused by extensive car use, and increasing urban density.

128. While not applicable to Greater KL/KV, Malaysia has elsewhere in the country established Regional Corridor authorities, such as with the Iskandar Development Region (IRDA) authority. The box below discusses the Greater Manchester Combined Authority (GMCA), which has been successful in uniting several service delivery functions under one institution while streamlining as opposed to adding complexity to governance arrangements. The GMCA in many ways is moving towards the Greater London Authority in assuming more strategic functions for its metropolitan area (Wilcox et. al. 2014). Cities receiving more authority—if they can “prove their worth”—remains a novel concept for the United Kingdom, as the U.K. is considered “one of the most centralized OECD countries” (BBC 27 January 2014) (Wilcox et. al. 2014: 2)35. Indeed, Manchester ranks among the “least powerful” cities in the European Union index of city power, scoring low in several indicators similar to those included in this mayor’s wedge framework (European Union 2007: A5).36

34 Available at: http://www.spad.gov.my/about-us/what-we-do.35 Available at: http://www.bbc.com/news/business-2590923836 The European Union’s index of city power is a weighted index based on: city population (2001), administrative structure, expenditure per

resident, local expenditure as a percentage of total expenditure, proportion of local income from local taxation and local government tax receipts as a percentage of member state receipts.

116 Annexes

Box 3-5 Polycentricity and public transport: Los Angeles and Seoul

What do Los Angeles and Seoul have in common? Both cities are world leaders in population density, and density takes a polycentric form in the two cities—increasing the likelihood of driving and automobile dependency, as opposed to transit use. Residents are forced to visit multiple locations to run multiple errands, as opposed to accomplishing multiple errands at a single location (Rand 2008: xxxiii).

Los Angeles was built around the car, offering a stark contrast to U.S. cities like New York and Chicago, which had much more concentrated urban density. However, while Los Angeles has an identity for sprawling development, it is quite densely populated at the regional level. The cities’ surrounding suburbs are much denser than those of other cities. Compounding this issue for Los Angeles, a 2007 study found that jobs in the region are decentralizing over time, with employment clusters increasing by 10-15% from 1980 and 2000, and jobs in downtown Los Angeles decreasing by 20% during the same time period (Rand 2008: 63). Figure 34 below presents the density of jobs versus parking spaces per job (among central business districts of major world cities), to reinforce the argument that “A big reason Angelenos drive everywhere is that they can park everywhere, generally free” (Rand 2008: 74). Figure 35 looks at the relationship between high-speed transit and population per square mile, suggesting a positive relationship between dense metropolitan regions and high-speed transit options and that Los Angeles may be lagging in this regard (Rand 2008: 70).

Figure 3-4: Density compared to two transit factors(a) Density of Jobs versus Parking Spaces per Job (Central business districts of major world cities);

(b) Population Density and High Speed Transit Density (Major U.S. Metro Areas)

Tackling these issues requires that Los Angeles continue to employ a combination of strategies, which include land-use reforms related to zoning, density, parking supply and the mixing of uses, and major infrastructure investments to improve transit options (Rand 2008: xx). Los Angeles has employed significant capital investments in infrastructure in the last few years, pursuing devel-opment along new transit options. Metro Rapid, the city’s BRT line, has achieved success in ridership along its corridor, but is yet to attract major corridor development. The LA Metro Gold Line, however, has seen strong developer interest and is increasingly a destination for future housing and mixed-use development (TCRP 2004: 430-434). The city will need to continue to connect major employment clusters to the rapid transit network and improve intermodal connections between light rail, subway and bus, and at the same time re-zone areas around transit stops for increased development (CTOD 2010: 61) (TCRP 2004: 434).

Source: Brookings 2014


129. Neither DBKL nor MPAJ is responsible for designing their economic strategies, investment promotion, offering investment incentives and or monitoring their economic strategies.

» For DBKL:

• The Economic Planning Unit (EPU) carries out economic strategies and planning, • MITI, MIDA and InvestKL lead Investment promotion, • MOF and MIDA offer investment incentives, and,• PEMANDU monitors economic strategies.37

» For MPAJ, economic development is under the purview of both federal and Selangor state agencies.

• The Economic Planning Unit (EPU) as well as the State Economic Planning Unit (UPEN) carry out economic strategies and planning,

• MITI, MIDA, InvestKL as well as the Selangor State Investment Corporation lead Investment promotion, • MOF, MIDA and the Selangor State Government offer investment incentives, and • PEMANDU as well as the State Government monitor economic strategies.

37 All of these are federal agencies.

Box 3-5 Continued

Seoul experienced rapid economic growth and urbanization in the second half of the 20th century, going from a population of 1.6 million in 1955 to 10.6 million in 1990. The number of registered cars in the city also substantially increased, from 27,000 in 1967 to 2.9 million in 2008. Decentralization efforts from 1990 to 2005 sought to reduce the population increase, and relieve the city of its problems of overconcentration (Kim & Han 2011: 146-147). Korea adopted a national government act, the Capital Region Readjustment plan, which limited the establishment of new factories and new universities in the Capital Region and promoted the building of urban sub-centers (Kim & Han 2011: 147). In terms of the latter, 26 new towns were built in the Seoul Metropolitan Area in the last three decades, increasing the usage of cars and demand for highway infrastructure (World Bank 2013: 64). Seoul has a road network of 8093 km as of 2008, and its subway network coverers 64.4% of its territory (Kim & Han 2011: 147). Notwithstanding the extensive public transit network, job concentration in districts throughout the Seoul region, and excessive development around Seoul, led to long distance commuting and increased car usage, causing traffic congestion and pollution (Kim & Han 2011: 152).

Mayor Myung-bak Lee, Seoul mayor from 2002-2006, sought to “make a city where people come first, not cars” (World Bank 2013: 66). His administration did this by removing highways in the city center, and regenerating the areas for public use. Seoul also encouraged households to settle in the central city and redevelopment districts, reversing the flow of residents to Seoul’s outskirts and beyond. The city offered transit options to offset the decreased roadway capacity, partly by extending subway lines and, more importantly, opening seven new lines for median-lane buses (as part of its BRT network) (World Bank 2013: 66-67). Bus operating speeds in the city have nearly doubled as a result, reaching 21 kilometers per hour. BRT buses have been more reliable than those on nonexclusive lanes (in terms of traffic time variation) and ridership on BRT buses increased 60% faster than that for non-BRT buses (from 2004 to 2005). Other significant transit transformations included introducing a semi-public transit organization to enforce rules and standards on bus routes, schedules and private operating practices. A smart fare card was introduced to allow for integrated bus-rail fares and efficient distance-based pricing (World Bank 2013: 68).

Land markets responded to the BRT investments, intensifying land uses along BRT corridors and mainly converting single-family residences to multi-family units and mixed-use projects. Land price premiums were observed within 300 meters of BRT stops and prices as well as development increased along high-amenity corridors. The concentration of high-value-added industries, employ-ing a “creative class”, increased in the converted areas and the “freeway-to-greenway” initiatives reflected indirect environment benefits (World Bank 2013: 68-69).

118 Annexes

Regional authority typologies for local service provision in the UK

The United Kingdom has recently instituted two programs of regional coordination, uniting local governments in regions around certain service delivery functions. There are 39 Local Enterprise Partnerships (LEPs) that cover all English local authorities. LEPs are meant to provide strategic leadership in local economic priorities. Figure 3-6 shows the geography of the 39 LEPs. As a more formal alternative, Combined Authorities are legal bodies that can be set up by two or more contiguous local authorities. The box below presents the two institutional alternatives.

Box 3-6 Greater Manchester Combined Authority

Manchester is emerging as a viable alternative to London in the areas of services, culture and arts (European Union 2007: 65). The city is famously known as one of the main trade centers of the Industrial Revolution, becoming home to a thriving textile economy and then one based on heavy industry in the 1970s. The city faced decline in both textiles and heavy industry, but experienced resurgence thanks to significant public and private investment, council leadership and, importantly, the close collab-oration of the metropolitan area’s ten local authorities. This collaboration has undergone several iterations, first as a city region and most recently as a combined authority. While it has endured and been relatively successful, regional coordination has had a number of difficulties including appearing overly complex (and difficult to engage with) to the public, and political disagreements between different local authority councils stalling joint decisions and initiatives (World Bank 2008).

The Greater Manchester Combined Authority (GMCA) was established in 2011 to cover ten local authorities (see the figure below on Greater Manchester). The GMCA works with its constituent authorities in a set of powers and responsibilities in eco-nomic development and transport. This includes for example developing a Greater Manchester Strategy, an economic strategy, and establishing Transport for Greater Manchester (TfGM) as GMCA’s executive body with respect to transport functions (Smith July 2012). The GMCA, TfGM and other Greater Manchester institutions have clearly defined roles that are based on agreements between the area local authorities. Notable achievements for GMCA include: major refurbishment of the Bolton and Rochdale railway stations as part a city region transport investment program; raising an annual “Revolving Infrastructure Fund” worth £30 million and permission for the building of up to 7,000 new homes by 2017. It is also a testament to the GMCA’s success that London-style powers are now being recommended to Manchester, as the first U.K. city to follow London’s regional government model (Wilcox et. al. 2014: 11).

Figure 3-5: Greater Manchester


3.5.6 Business regulations and licensing

130. Malaysia ranks among the top countries in the World Bank Group’s Doing Business survey, showcasing its continued emphasis on maintaining a superior general business environment. Malaysia’s regional comparator economies also perform very well. At 18th worldwide in ease of doing business, Malaysia is behind Singapore which ranks first, Hong Kong which ranks third and Korea which ranks fifth (World Bank 2014: 8). Starting a business is done through the Companies Commission of Malaysia one-stop shop, a national agency under the Ministry of Domestic Trade, Cooperatives and Consumerism (World Bank 2014: 20). Development approval, or obtaining a construction permit, is carried out through an application at a One Stop Center (OSC)—every local government in Malaysia should have its own OSC. The OSC refers approval submissions to all necessary government departments, including the Planning Department, Building Department, Engineering Department, Fire and Rescue Department, Sewerage Agency and Water Agency. Kuala Lumpur City Hall’s One Stop Center manages this process in Malaysia’s capital (World Bank 2014: 27-30).

131. DBKL, MPAJ, as well as all Malaysia local governments, have responsibility over zoning and land use regulations. However, land titles are granted by land offices at higher tiers of government—the Ministry of Federal Territories for DBKL and Selangor State Government for MPAJ. Kuala Lumpur has also been able to perform rather well in terms of urban regeneration, through its repurposing of land throughout the city. Most notably this has included redeveloping the city center and revitalizing the area along the Klang River, with the latter efforts aimed at creating a waterfront of high economic value.

Box 3-7 Regional arrangements for local authorities in the UK

Local Enterprise Partnerships (LEPs) were created in 2010, in order to “provide the strategic leadership in their areas to set out local economic priorities” and “create the right environment for business and growth” (Bolton June 2012). LEPs are informal structures governed by a board of volunteers, which includes a private sector chair and members from local authorities, business based in the LEP area, public bodies including universities and third sector representatives. LEPs now receive grant funding by the central government in order to identify and carry out their objectives. Figure 3-6, to the right, represents the 39 local enterprise partnerships (Bolton June 2012).

Combined authorities are formal regional bodies encom-passing two or more local authorities (and usually coincid-ing with a natural economic area) that wish to collaborate closely on economic development and transport-related initiatives. Combined authorities are assigned functions by their constituent local authorities, in the areas of eco-nomic development, regeneration and integrated public transport. Among the intended benefits of such structures are: improved alignment, coordination and delivery of economic development and transport-related initiatives, as well as a means of steering significant streams of work (Smith July 2012). According to the Centre for Cities, the combined authorities are an effective route to implemented economic development policies at a spatial scale that matches cities’ economic footprints—as this spatial scale often covers more than one local authority (Smith 2012).

Figure 3-6: LEPs in the UK

120 Annexes

3.6 Examples of Formulae for Intergovernmental Fiscal Transfers

3.6.1 Formulae for Intergovernmental Fiscal Transfers in Australia

Background: Federal-State Financial Relations

132. Australia is notable for the centralization of revenue-raising and a comprehensive system of intergovernmental fiscal transfers. To address both vertical and horizontal fiscal imbalances, the federal government makes a large amount of intergovernmental transfers. The bulk of transfers are from the federal government to state governments. Local government, the third tier of government, is a state responsibility and has the service delivery and revenue raising powers given to it by the states38. The federal government collects 81 percent of all government revenue but is responsible for only 61 percent of outlays, while states collect 17 percent of revenue and incur 33 percent of outlays (CGC 2008).

133. Fiscal transfers are administered by Australia’s Commonwealth Grants Commission (CGC), an independent statutory advisory body established in 1933. CGC members are appointed by the federal government. The Commission makes recommendations in consultation with the federal government and the states. It aims to ensure that each state has the fiscal capacity to provide the same standard quality of public services39. Three equalization pillars are used to achieve equalization: reflect what States collectively do, be policy neutral and be practical (Morris and others 2004). The Commission reviews the methodology for transfers and make adjustments every five years.

134. The major reform of Australian federal fiscal relations happened in 2000. With the introduction of the goods and services tax (GST) and a new intergovernmental agreement (IGA 2000), certain state taxes were abolished. All revenue from the GST would be shared among the states on the basis of horizontal fiscal equalization. GST became the main source of general revenue assistance from the federal government to the states (CGC 2008).

135. Fiscal transfers take two main forms (Commonwealth of Australia 2015):

A. General Revenue Assistance: untied monthly funding that the states may use as they see fit. Over 98% of general revenue assistance is the allocation of GST revenue, which is based on a comprehensive formula. Other general revenue assistance includes payments to the Australian Capital Territory, and royalty pay-ments to Western Australia and Northern Territory.

B. Specific Payments: including specific purpose payments (SPPs) and national partnership payments (NPPs) sourced from the national budget to achieve national aims or provide funds for particular purposes. The SPPs mainly support services of workforce development, health and housing. They are distributed amongst the states in accordance with population shares of that year and the growth in services provision activity such as hospital and school services in that jurisdiction. The NPPs facilitate reforms or specified projects, where payments are aligned with project achievements.

136. In 2015-2016, the federal government is providing the states with A$107.7 billion in total payments, accounting for around 5.8% of GDP and 45% of state revenues (Commonwealth of Australia 2015). The total payments include specific payments of $50 billion and general revenue assistance of $57.7 billion.

38 Local governments are responsible for services such as local roads, building standards and waste disposal. They raise revenue through rates on property in their jurisdiction and various fees and fines. Transfers from the federal government to municipal governments are channeled through the states (Searle 2002: p17-18).

39 The transfers aim to equalize State fiscal capacities, not the actual fiscal outcomes because States choose to provide different levels of service, impose different tax rates or acquire different levels of assets. (CCG 2015)


Formulae Used for Transfers

137. Fiscal equalization in Australia aims to achieve a situation where, after distributing the GST, each state has the fiscal capacity to provide the same services, charge the same taxes and achieve the same per capita budget result (CGC 2014a). Since states differ in fiscal circumstances such as size of the tax base and the unit cost of providing services, the actual GST entitlement of each state varies.

138. According to the Commonwealth of Australia’s Update Report (2014b), a state’s GST allocation is calculated as:

assessed GST requirementi=assessed expensesi + assessed investmenti + assessed lendingi

- assessed revenuei - other paymentsi

» assessed expenses: the expenses state i would incur to provide average services. It is the sum of 11 categories of expenses that the Commission defines that all states incur to provide general services. Each category assessed expenses is estimated by multiplying the national average expense per capita by its category disability factor and its population. The disability factor is calculated by relating its position to the average position40.

» assessed investment: the investment state i would make to have the infrastructure required to provide average services. It is calculated by subtracting the assessed level of infrastructure required at the start of the year from the assessed level of infrastructure required at the end of the year and multiplying the result by the state’s unit cost disability41.

» assessed net lending: the net lending state i would make to finish the year with the average per capita net financial assets. It is calculated by subtracting the state’s population share of the total net financial worth at the start of the year from its population share of total net financial worth at the end of the year.

» assessed revenue: the revenue state i would raise if it made the average revenue raising effort. It is the sum of assessed revenue for seven categories that the Commission determines as revenue sources in the estimation42. For each category, it is calculated by multiplying the national average tax rate and the state’s tax base.

» other payments: revenue from Commonwealth payments including SPPs and NPPs.

139. The calculation is compiled using data from the annual operating statements of the states’ general government sectors sourced from the ABS Government Finance Statistics.

40 For service delivery expenses component, if the proportion of a state’s population aged 15 to 64 is 10% above the average, it is assumed the state’s per capita expenses on vocational education would be 10% above average. The disability factor for a category is estimated combining each component. Factors are added if they are independent and multiplied if they interact (CGC 2014b).

41 The disability here is estimated in a similar way with expense disability factor, by relating its position to the national average position.42 The categories for revenue include payroll tax, land tax, stamp duty on conveyances, insurance tax, motor taxes, mining revenue and

other revenue (CGC 2014b).

122 Annexes

3.6.2 Formulae for Intergovernmental Fiscal Transfers in Indonesia

140. Intergovernmental fiscal transfers in Indonesia consist of three main components: Dana Alokasi Umum (DAU), Dana Alokasi Khusus (DAK) and Dana Bagi Hasil (DBH). DAU and DBH are unconditional grants, while DAK finances subnational projects based on national priorities. DAU and DAK are formula-based transfers; DBH is based on fixed percentage shares. Transfers from the central government are still the largest source of revenues for subnational governments in Indonesia.

Dana Alokasi Umum (DAU)

141. DAU aims to balance the fiscal capacities of subnational governments. It is transferred directly to subnational governments on a monthly basis, and subnationals have complete discretion over the use of DAU received.

142. According to Law 33 (2004), DAU should be provided in a “proportionate, democratic, fair and transparent manner” by taking into account “local potential (fiscal capacity and conditions and local needs)” (Shah and others 2012). The grant allocation is calculated as the sum of a basic allocation (PWBA) and a fiscal gap allocation (FG).

DAUi = Basic Allocationi + Fiscal Gap Allocationi

» Basic Allocation (PWBA): funds a portion of the subnational government’s civil servant wage bill43. It is allocated by the relative percentage share of each local government or provincial government in the total actual bill. Mathematically it is calculated as:

PWBAi = (Wage Billi / Total Wage Bill) * (Total DAU PWBA)

» Fiscal Gap Allocation (FG): the estimated difference between a subnational government’s fiscal needs and its fiscal capacity:

Fiscal Gap Allocationi = Fiscal needsi — Fiscal Capacityi

» Fiscal needs (EN) is calculated by multiplying a composite index by the average aggregate spending. The index is developed based on relative population, relative area, relative construction price index, inverse of human development index, and inverse of relative nominal per capita GRDP (gross regional domestic product). The weights for the above mentioned factors are assigned to achieve a given numerical value for the Williamson’s Index44, as shown in Table 1 (Shah and others 2012).

Fiscal Needsi = average fiscal needs * composite indexi

» Fiscal capacity (FC) is the sum of weighted own-source revenues, non-resource tax sharing as well as resource and mining tax sharing45. The weights for individual revenue sources are assigned to achieve a given numerical value for the Williamson’s Index for each year. Table 1 provides the index values for the year 2011 (Shah and others 2012).

Fiscal Capacityi = ∑ ( Rij * Ij)

43 The wage bill variable in the equation uses the actual wage bill from the previous year.44 Williamson’s Index is a regional inequality index developed by JG Williamson (1965). It is an aggregate measure of the dispersion

of regional levels of per capita income about the national mean. Each regional observation is weighted by its share in the national population.

45 Rij is jurisdiction i’s amount of revenue from source j. Ij is the composite index for source of revenue j.

R_i^j is jurisdiction i’s amount of revenue from source j. I^j is the composite index for source of revenue j.


Table 3-14: DAU Variable Weights, 2011

Province Cities/Districts

DAU (2011) variable weight

Fiscal Need Variables

Population 30.00% 30.00%

Area 15.00% 13.50%

Construction price index 30.00% 30.00%

Inverse of human development index 10.00% 10.00%

Index of Inverse per capita GRDP 15.00% 16.50%

Fiscal Capacity Variables

Own-source revenue 50.00% 93.00%

Tax revenue 80.00% 80.00%

Resource sharing 95.00% 63.00%

Source: Ministry of Finance, Government of Indonesia, cited in Shah et al. 2012

Dana Alokasi Khusus (DAK)

143. DAK is a capital grant sourced from the national budget (Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Negara, APBN) and finances subnational projects that the central government deems are of national priority. DAK funds capital spending and cannot be used for research, training, administration, or official travel. DAK accounts for around 5% of the national budget and funds activities across 22 sectors. Funds are transferred each year in three tranches. The first tranche depends on a subnational government’s submission of its budget to the central government, and the latter two tranches depend on the depletion of funds from the previous tranche. (World Bank 2012)

144. The allocation of DAK is a two-fold process. First, there is a system for determining a subnational government’s eligibility to receive DAK, based on fiscal capacity, regional characteristics and special criteria such as regional autonomy and disadvantaged regions, as shown in Figure 1.

145. Second, once eligibility for DAK is established, the atual allocation is based on a comprehensive formula. The total DAK allocation that subnational government i receives from the central government is the sum of DAK allocated for each sector (e.g. education, health, agriculture, etc.) for that subnational government. The DAK that subnational government i receives for sector j is calculated by multiplying its weighted share by the total DAK allocated to the sector. Mathematically the process is presented as below (Ministry of Finance 2015):

DAK allocationi = DAKieducation + DAKi

health + DAKiagriculture + ⋯ + DAKi

trade

Weightingij = (0.8 * technical indicatori

j + 0.2 * fiscal & regional indexij ) * construction cost indexi

j

= (0.8 * ITij + 0.2 * IFWi

j ) * IKKij

� � Weightingi

j

∑WeightingjDAK allocationi

j = * Total DAK for sector j

R_i^j is jurisdiction i’s amount of revenue from source j. I^j is the composite index for source of revenue j.

124 Annexes

» Weighting: is determined by subnational government i’s technical indicator, fiscal and regional index and construction cost index. ∑Weightingj is the total weighting of all eligible subnational governments in sector j.

» Technical indicator (IT): reflects the condition of infrastructure in sector j in subnational government i. It is determined by summing up individual weighted component scores that are determined by the relevant national government line ministry46.

» Fiscal and Regional index (IFW): the combination of fiscal capacity index (IFN) and regional index (IKW).

» Fiscal capacity index (IFN) is the ratio of a subnational government’s fiscal capacity to the national average fiscal capacity. A subnational government’s fiscal capacity is calculated by subtracting its wage bill for civil servants from the sum of its own-source revenue and all other transfers received from the central government.

» The regional index (IKW) is a composite of indices that take account the status of certain subnational governments that are “lagging’, in border areas, or remote islands.

IFW = 0.5IFN-1 + 0.5IKW

fiscal capacityi = own – source revenuei + DAUi + DBHi – wage billi

» Construction cost index (IKK): reflects varying levels of the costs of construction across the country. The index for each jurisdiction is determined by the Ministry of Public Works based on recent actual data of the value of construction contracts for civil works across all provinces.

Dana Bagi Hasil (DBH)

146. DBH is the mechanism for revenue sharing. The central government raises revenue and returns part of this revenue by allocating a predefined share of revenues to the originating jurisdiction. Distributions are by provincial point of origin; producing districts within provinces receive larger portions than non-producing districts. Subnational governments have total discretion over the use of allocated funds (World Bank 2012). These transfers accounted for 25 percent of total central transfers in 2010 and financed 20 percent of subnational expenditures (Shah and others 2012).

147. DBH includes both shared tax and non-tax revenues. Shared tax revenue comes from property tax, taxes on the transfer of property titles and personal income tax. Non-tax revenue sharing is based on revenues from natural resources, including oil, natural gas and geothermal energy, mining, forestry and fisheries. For each type of revenue, the central government and subnational government share in accordance to predefined percentages. For instance, DBH from general mining is shared between central, provincial, and local governments at 20 percent, 16 percent, and 64 percent, respectively (Dyah 2012).

46 For example, IT for education sector is determined by components such as classroom conditions, school toilet conditions, etc. Each component is scored by the relevant national line ministry.

(� )fiscal capacityi

Number of eligible regionsIFNi = fiscal capacityi/


Figure 3-7: Allocation Process for DAK

Source: Ministry of Finance 2015; SMERU Research Institute 2008

3.7 Annex 3 References

Abbott, J. 2011. “Regions of cities: Metropolitan governance and planning in Australia”, in Xu, J., Yeh A., editors, Gover-nance and Planning of Mega-City Regions – An international comparative perspective. Routledge, New York, p 172-190

Adi, P.H. 2005. “The Impact of Fiscal Decentralization on Economics Growth”. Journal of Interdisciplines. Satya Wacana Christian University. Volume XVII Number 2-3. August. (National Accredited).

Alfsen-Norodom, C. 2004. “Managing the Megacity for Global Sustainability: The New York Metropolitan Region as an Urban Biosphere Reserve.” Annals of the New York Academy of Science, vol. 1023, pp. 125-141.

Andersson, M. 2012. “Metropolitan Management – Approaches and Implications”. Available at: http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTURBANDEVELOPMENT/Resources/336387-1369969101352/Andersson.pdf

Ballaguer-Coll, T., Prior, D., Tortosa-Ausina, E. 2006. “Decentralization and Efficiency in Spanish Local Government”. (Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Economicas 2006)

BBC. UK. n.d. “One of most centralized OECD countries”. 27 January 2014. Available at: http://www.bbc.com/news/busi-ness-25909238 (Retrieved October 2014).

Technical Weighting

IT*IKK

Regional WeightingIFW*IKK

DAK for sector jDAKi

j = (BDij / ∑j BDi

j ) * Total DAK

Ineligiblefor this sector

Ineligible

Yes

* 0.8 * 0.2

Yes

Yes

No

No

No

Yes

(General Criteria)Fiscal Capacity IFN

(Special Criteria)Fiscal and Regional

Index IFW <1

(Special Criteria)PAPUA Special

Autonomy & Disadvantaged Regions

Ineligible Technical Indicator IT>0 Construction Cost Index IKK

DAK WeightingBDi

j = IKK (0.8*IFW+0.2*IT)

Fiscal and RegionalIndex

Fiscal Capacity Index IFN

RegionalIndex

http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTURBANDEVELOPMENT/Resources/336387-1369969101352/Andersson.pdf

http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTURBANDEVELOPMENT/Resources/336387-1369969101352/Andersson.pdf

126 Annexes

Bird, Richard M., and Michael Smart. 2002. “Intergovernmental fiscal transfers: International lessons for developing countries.” World Development 30 (6): 899-912.

Bolton, T. 2011. “Local Enterprise Partnerships: A Great LEP forward?” Centre for Cities. June 2012.

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http://data.worldbank.org/


4. SOCIAL EXCLUSION (ANNEXES FOR CHAPTER 5)

4.1 Field Work Implementation Details

4.1.1 Calendar of events for qualitative field work

Table 4-1: Calendar of events for quantitative field work

No Dates Time PlaceType of

Discussion Attendance RemarksActivities Completed

1 18 Sept (Thurs) 2.30pm – 4.30pmMeeting Helene & the local WB Team

Project Preparation

5Briefing on the project dynamics

2 19 Sept (Fri) 2.00pm – 6.00pm MySkills Foundation, KL FGD 1 29The real disadvantaged target group. All Indians

3 20 Sept(Sat) 1.30pm – 5.30pm Sri Pantai Flats, KL FGD 2 11All Malays under a NH activity centre

4 21 Sept(Sun) 6.00pm – 8.00pm Telok Indah,Prai, Penang FGD 3 23 An urban poor NH. All Indians

5 22 Sept (Mon) 9.30am-11.30am Penang RTD 1 16++Good representation from Agencies & CSOs

6 22 Sept (Mon) 2.30pm-5.30pm Pusat Latihan Yakin Kejayaan FGD 4 29All urban poor youths, Mixed ethnic group

7 22 Sept(Mon) 9.00pm-11.00pm Sungai Pinang, Penang FGD 5 15 An urban poor NH. All Malays

8 25 Sept (Thurs) 8.00pm-11.00pm Sri Sarawak flats, KL FGD 6 8 Urban Poor Malays

9 27 Sept 2014 2.00pm-6.00pm Jireh Centre FGD 7 17Centre for Indigenous People Group, Tuaran, Near KK

10 28 Sept (Sun) 11.00am-1.00pm Seri Maju Flats, KK FGD 8 11Malays & Indigenous People Group

11 28 Sept (Sun) 3.00pm-6.00pm Tanjung Aru FGD 9 5People living on water, Naturalised Malays (ABIM)

12 29 Sept (Mon) Morning KBS Office, Kota Kinabalu RTD 2 10++ Agency Representatives

13 29 Sept (Sun) 2.00pm-5.00pm Grace & Mercy Centre KK FGD 10 12Malays & Indigenous People Group, near KK (Penampang)

14 2 Oct (Thurs) 2.30pm-5.30pm Jab. Belia dan Sukan, KL RTD 3 10++ Critical Agency Representatives

132 Annexes



15 10 Oct (Fri) Night Arriving at JB Preparation

16 11 Oct (Sat) 3.00pm-6.00pm FGD organised by JEWEL FGD 11 16 Multi-ethnic group

17 11 Oct (Sat) 9.00pm-10.00pm PPR Seri Kempas FGD 12 10 Malays from the neighbourhood

18 12 Oct (Sun) 3.00pm-6.00pm FGD organised by MIBA FGD 13 14 Indians

19 12 Oct (Sun) 9.00pm-12.00pmPPR Flats Larkin organised by KRT

FGD 14 17 Malays

20 13 Oct (Mon) 9.30am-12.30pm RTD in Johor RTD 4 10++ Agency Representatives

21 13 Oct (Mon) 2.30pm-5.00pmFGD organised by Calvary Centre

FGD 15 21Mixed Group of Indians & Chinese

23 17 Oct (Fri) Night Arriving at Kuantan Preparation

24 18 Oct (Sat) 2.30pm-5.30pmFGD at Tmn Alor Akar organised by JPNIN

FGD 16 22Low cost housing area, RP Alor Akar, Kuantan

25 18 Oct (Sat) 8.30pm-10.00pmFGD among the OAs in the city by an NGO

FGD 17 6 OA young people

26 19 Oct (Sun) 11.00am-1.30pm FGD organised by a CSO FGD 18 6 Street Kids, Malays

27 19 Oct (Sun) 9.00pm-11.00pmFGD organised at Semambu by JPNIN

FGD 19 4#Indians. This FGD is treated as Key informant interview. None are high risk youths

28 20 Oct (Mon) 9.30am-12.30pm RTD, Kuantan RTD 5 10++ Agency Representatives

29 28 Oct (Tues) 2.30pm-5.00pm FGD with KL Street people FGD 20 4KL Street community. Many came but only 4 of the target ge group

30 30 Oct (Thurs) Will be confirmed Leaving for Kuching Preparation

31 31 Oct (Fri) 2.30pm-5.00pm RTD, Kuching RTD 6 10++ Agency Representatives

32 1 Nov (Sat) 11.00am-1.00pmFGD in Kuching at Kota sentosa, Pasar Batu 7, near Public Bank

FGD NA#Organised by Mr Nicholas, NGO. Key Informant Interview





33 1 Nov (Sat) After 3.30pmFGD at 1AZAM STC, UNACO Supermarket

FGD 21 281 AZAM Dayak participants organised by Datu Ose.

34 2 Nov (Mon) 11.00am-1.00pmFGD at RT Taman Sri Makmur, Kuching

FGD 22 64 Organised by JPNIN

35 Meeting with EPU 2.30pmPutrajaya RTD on Data clarifications

RTD 7 on Data

15++Project Stakeholders & EPU Officials

4.1.2 Summary of participants in focus group discussions

Table 4-2: City by city gender participation

No Cities

Gender

TotalMale Female

1 Kuala Lumpur 39 13 52

2 Penang 52 15 67

3 Kota Kinabalu 30 15 45

4 Johor 44 34 78

5 Kuantan 31 3 34

6 Kuching 44 48 92

GRAND TOTAL 240 128 368

Figure 4-1: City by city participants in focus group discussions

25%

20%

15%

10%

5%

0%

18%

12%

21%

9%

14%

25%

Penang Kota Kinabalu

Johor Kuantan Kuala Lumpur

Kuching


134 Annexes

Table 4-3: City by city ethnicity breakdown of participants

Cities Malays Chinese Indians Indigenous Others Total

Kuala Lumpur 20 0 29 1 2 52

Penang 22 0 45 0 0 67

Kota Kinabalu 4 1 0 28 12 45

Johor 35 12 31 0 0 78

Kuantan 27 0 0 7 0 34

Kuching 35 4 0 53 0 92

GRAND TOTAL 143 17 105 101 2 368

Percentage 38.9% 4.6% 28.5% 27.5% 0.5% 100%

Table 4-4: Educational attainment among focus group participants

Cities None < UPSR < PMR < SPM STPM TOTAL

Kuala Lumpur 1 17 11 22 1 52

Penang 2 9 14 41 1 67

Kota Kinabalu 0 1 21 23 0 45

Johor 5 15 36 22 0 78

Kuantan 1 2 9 22 0 34

Kuching 1 9 45 37 0 92

GRAND TOTAL 10 53 136 167 2 368

Percentage 2.7% 14.4% 37.0% 45.4% 0.5% 100%

Figure 4-2: Proportion of focus group discussants working

4.1.3 Focus group discussion questionnaire

148. The study team was guided by a page long simple questionnaire, which helped them gather the basic information. Guidance was also developed to help navigate the focus group discussions. Activity based discussions were used as an ice-breaker and helped put young people at ease. As the participants worked in small groups of about five people, they answered key questions, which they then presented using the papers and colors given to them. During these presentations the research team also asked questions and clarifications. The sessions were informal as well as lively and lasted for about two hours. There was good participation among the young people. In a number of groups multiple languages were used.

Working164 (45%)

Not working204 (55%)


Table 4-5: Structured questionnaire for the study on social inclusion

STRUCTURED QUESTIONNAIRE FOR THE STUDY ON SOCIAL INCLUSION CODE NO.

Where your answer is “yes” tick (✓) and where your answer is “no” mark it with (X)

A1. Pet Name

A2. Gender ❑ Male ❑ Female

A3. Age A4. Date of birth

A5. House address

A7. Type of house ❑ 1. Long house ❑ 2. Low cost flats ❑ 3. Low cost house ❑ 4. Others

A8. If others, explain A9. No. family members

A10. Contact HP A11. E-mail address

A12. Region❑ 1. Islam ❑ 2. Buddhism ❑ 3. Hinduism ❑ 4. Christianity ❑ 5. Others write in column _________________________________________________________________________

A13. Education

❑ 1. UPSR ❑ 2. PMR ❑ 2. BPM ❑ 4. None

A14. Educational institutions

❑ Primary school❑ Lower secondary school❑ Higher secondary❑ Others ____________________________________________________________________________________________❑ Skills training

A17. Participation in youth clubs and activitiesactivities

A18. If yes, give details and if No, why?❑ Yes _________________________________________________________________________________________________❑ No _________________________________________________________________________________________________

A19. Any involvement of you in ❑ Drugs❑ Crime❑ Prison❑ Court❑ No involvement

A20. Any family member has been in

❑ Drug centre❑ Arrested for questioning❑ In police lock up❑ In prison

A21. Any close friend has been in ❑ Drug centre❑ Arrested for questioning❑ In police lock up❑ In prison

A22. Any friend found it difficult to study?

❑ Yes❑ No

A23. Any friend found it difficult to get a job?

❑ Yes❑ No

Name and signature of the Enumerator Contact No. Date/Time

136 Annexes

4.1.4 Guidelines for focus group discussions

149. Target group: At risk youth (between 15-30 years old) in six urban centers:

a. Youth who have been detained at juvenile or correction centers or prisons

b. Living in high rise flat or low cost public housing or squatters

c. Dropped out of school or educational underachievers within the school system

d. At high risk groups to drugs, alcohol, abuse & gangs

e. Homeless youth and living on the streets

f. Youth who are drug addicts and those in drug rehabilitation centers

g. Youth on motor cycle racing gangs

h. Youth out of prison, juvenile centers or detention or rehabilitation centers

i. Youth in informal groups or gangs in the low income neighborhoods

150. Overall objective of the work on social exclusion as part of the broader study on competitive cities: To better understand the nature and mechanisms of the challenges faced by the socially excluded (focusing on at risk youth) in urban areas in Malaysia, as it relates to Competitive Cities.

151. Overall objective of the Focus Group Discussions: By listening to the voices of at risk youth, identify the key issues they face and the factors contributing to their social exclusion and vulnerability, as it relates to Competitive Cities.

152. Areas of inquiry: The following areas of inquiry related to social exclusion should be explored through the FGDs:

» Economic aspects: such as limited access to labor markets, financial resources and basic services (including Government programs). Are they able to access: Jobs, education, social services, financial services, training, and government services? Why/why not? What are the main challenges in accessing them?

» Political aspects: such as limited opportunities to participate in decision-making, make their voices heard. What are the obstacles they face in making their voices heard?

» Socio-cultural aspects: such as the isolation of specific groups through education, language and ethnic practices.

» Spatial aspect: How does your housing impact your situation (positively or negatively) location, mobility (access to jobs, education not in your neighborhood), physical housing, neighborhood set up/accessibility, social dynamics (eg. gangs, crime, peer pressure), opportunities to engage in criminal, anti-social activities, and other public safety concerns

» General Perceptions about inclusion/exclusion: Do they perceive themselves as included or excluded from society/culture/government systems; Do they feel the government is addressing your needs? How do you feel about your future prospects in life?


4.1.5 General Structure of the Focus Group Discussion

A. Start with an introduction:

a. Of the team

b. Of the objective of the FGDs: including explaining why we want to hear their voices

c. Of the agenda – stress that all the information provided is confidential

B. Exercise and group work

a. Explain the exercise

b. Break into small groups and assist the small groups as needed to re-explain the exercise

c. Report back from the small groups

C. Open discussion based on the exercise and group work

a. Facilitation of open discussion

b. Key questions to be systematically captured in all FGDs during the open discussion:

i) Why are they in the center (for focus groups with participants from centers/ programs / support groups etc.); why did they decide to join the center? Alternatively for FGD with participants not belonging to a center/ support group) Why are they not participating in a center / program / support group?

ii) What would they be doing if they were not in the center / support group?

iii) What more can the Government / city authorities do to help them feel more included in society?

D. Filling out the questionnaire

a. Ensure the questionnaire is available in the language of the group

b. Help the participants fill out the form as needed

c. Check each form to make sure it is accurately filled-out

E. Wrap-up and thank you

a. In the write-up of the FGDs, ensure that the composition, context and location specifics of each FGD location are clearly explained.

b. Prior to starting the FGDs, each facilitator is properly briefed on the focus and general objectives.

c. It is important to encourage both boys and girls to speak up, to ensure that their perspectives are captured.

138 Annexes

4.1.6 List of agencies in round table discussions

Table 4-6: Agencies in round table discussions

Agency PenangKota

KinabaluKuala

Lumpur Johor Kuantan Kuching Total

KBS 1 3 2 1 3 2 12

JKM 1 1 1 1 1 0 5

PDRM 2 1 0 1 0 2 6

Jab. Penjara 0 1 0 1 0 0 2

AADK 1 0 3 1 1 2 8

Sek. Tunas Bakti 1 0 0 0 0 0 1

JPNIN 1 1 1 2 1 0 6

Pendidikan 0 0 1 1 1 1 4

CSO 8 3 1 0 0 0 12

World Bank 1 1 1 1 1 1 6

Research Team 4 4 2 4 4 4 22

Total 20 15 12 13 12 12 84

4.1.7 Agenda: Agency Meeting: EPU November 3rd, 2014

Malaysia: Achieving a system of competitive cities: Focus Group Discussion on Social Inclusion

Venue: Level 6, B6 Economic Planning Unit

A. Introduction - Puan Azizah bt. Hamzah, Director, K-Economy

B. Overview of World Bank Study on Competitive Cities - Justina Chen, World Bank

C. Overview of Social Inclusion Component: Scope of Work and Methodology - Dr Denison Jayasooria, KITA-UKM

D. Presentation of Youth Data and Policies by Agencies: -

a. Department of Social Welfare

b. Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development

c. Prison Department

d. Police

e. State Education Departments

E. Closing Remarks - Dr. Ramli Nordin, K-Economy


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Lum

pur

N.S

embi

lan,

M

alac

ca, P

enan

g,

Pera

k, P

ahan

g,

Keda

h

Indi

an y

outh

Spor

ts a

ctiv

ities

incl

udin

g co

mm

unity

sp

orts

; Sch

ool f

or m

usic

and

art

s;

Coun

selli

ng; Y

outh

dev

elop

men

t and

le

ader

ship

wor

ksho

ps, C

omm

unity

Ca

re C

ircl

es (3

C); S

kills

pro

gram

in

Indi

a an

d M

alay

sia

Yaya

san

Aman

✓

Nat

ionw

ide

Yout

h an

d yo

ung

adul

ts

Yout

h re

late

d w

ork

incl

udes

pro

vidi

ng

lead

ersh

ip tr

aini

ng p

rogr

ams

for y

outh

an

d yo

ung

adul

ts in

rura

l are

as.

Sri M

urug

an

Cent

re

✓

KL

, Sel

ango

r, Pe

nang

, Joh

orIn

dian

you

thFr

ee c

lass

es to

pre

pare

Indi

an s

tude

nts

for n

atio

nal e

xam

s

SUKA

Soc

iety

✓✓

Sela

ngor

Child

ren

at ri

sk

i.e. r

efug

ees,

m

argi

nalis

ed,

traffi

cked

vic

tims,

de

tain

ees,

you

ng

offen

ders

Regu

lar r

elap

se p

reve

ntio

n pr

ogra

mm

e fo

r you

ng o

ffend

ers

in ju

veni

le

pris

on fa

cilit

ies;

Tra

inin

g offi

cers

w

orki

ng a

mon

g tr

affick

ed v

ictim

s,

youn

g off

ende

rs a

nd d

etai

nees

; Le

ader

ship

and

per

sona

l dev

elop

men

t pr

ogra

mm

es; F

ollo

w-u

p pr

ogra

ms

to

care

for v

ulne

rabl

e re

fuge

e ch

ildre

n

Glob

al S

tree

t M

issi

on

✓KL

, Sel

ango

r, Ke

dah

Mar

gina

lised

gr

oups

i.e.

dr

ug a

ddic

ts,

pros

titut

es,

delin

quen

ts,

alco

holic

s,

dest

itute

Sets

up

vari

ous

hom

es/ c

entr

es ra

ngin

g fr

om d

rug

reha

bilit

atio

n ce

ntre

s an

d or

phan

ages

to h

omes

for s

kills

de

velo

pmen

t.

140 Annexes

Org

anis

atio

n

Type

of a

ssis

tanc

e /

soci

al p

rote

ctio

n

Loca

tion

Targ

et G

roup

Sum

mar

y of

Pro

gram

sCa

sh

tran

sfer

sTr

ansf

ers

in k

ind

Subs

idy

Educ

atio

n /

Trai

ning

Econ

omic

/

Soci

al a

cces

s to

ser

vice

s

Soci

al

supp

ort a

nd

care

Angk

atan

Bel

ia

Isla

m M

alay

sia

(The

Mus

lim

Yout

h M

ovem

ent

of M

alay

sia)

(A

BIM

)

✓

✓

Nat

ionw

ide

Mus

lim y

outh

Wom

en’s

pro

tect

ion

cent

re; L

eade

rshi

p an

d m

otiv

atio

nal p

rogr

ams;

Isla

mic

ed

ucat

ion

Maj

lis B

elia

M

alay

sia

(Mal

aysi

a Yo

uth

Coun

cil)

Nat

ionw

ide

All y

outh

-rel

ated

or

gani

satio

ns in

M

alay

sia

Um

brel

la b

ody

for a

ll yo

uth-

rela

ted

orga

nisa

tions

in M

alay

sia

All W

omen

’s

Actio

n So

ciet

y (A

WAM

)

✓

✓KL

,Sel

ango

rW

omen

Trai

ning

s on

rape

aw

aren

ess,

ant

i-se

xual

har

assm

ent p

olic

y, g

ende

r se

nsiti

satio

n, w

omen

’s le

ader

ship

and

po

litic

al p

artic

ipat

ion

whi

ch ta

rget

te

enag

ers

and

scho

ol-g

oing

chi

ldre

n am

ong

othe

rs; C

ouns

ellin

g an

d su

ppor

t se

rvic

es fo

r vic

tims

of d

omes

tic

viol

ence

Shel

ter H

ome

for

Child

ren

✓

KL

Yout

h ag

ed 1

3-18

fr

om d

ifficu

lt ba

ckgr

ound

s;

Refu

gee

child

ren

Prov

ides

hom

es fo

r boy

s an

d gi

rls a

ged

13-1

8 of

ten

stre

et c

hild

ren

or w

ho

com

e fr

om b

ackg

roun

ds o

f abu

se a

nd

negl

ect;

Prov

ides

car

e an

d ed

ucat

ion

to

refu

gee

child

ren

aged

bel

ow 1

8

Trin

ity H

ome

Sela

ngor

✓

Sela

ngor

Child

ren

aged

5-1

7;

mai

nly

Indi

an

Hom

e fo

r chi

ldre

n fr

om s

ingl

e m

othe

r/

impo

veri

shed

/ ne

edy

fam

ilies

Yaya

san

Keba

jikan

Sur

ia

✓Sa

bah

Child

ren

aged

8-1

7H

ome

for c

hild

ren

who

are

orp

hane

d/

poor

Mon

tfor

t You

th

Trai

ning

Cen

tre

✓

✓✓

Saba

h

Two-

year

resi

dent

ial p

rogr

amm

e w

hich

te

ache

s liv

ing

skill

s an

d is

tailo

red

to

inst

ill d

isci

plin

e, g

uida

nce,

spi

ritu

al

form

atio

n, s

oft s

kills

and

lead

ersh

ip

skill

. Pro

gram

me

incl

udes

bot

h Ge

nera

l St

udie

s an

d Te

chni

cal S

kills

(Mot

or

Vehi

cle

skill

s, F

urni

ture

Mak

ing,

Re

figer

atio

n an

d Ai

r-co

nditi

onin

g m

echa

nics

)

Agat

hiar

Cha

rity

O

rgan

isat

ion

✓

✓

Sela

ngor

Child

ren

of s

choo

l-go

ing

age

Food

and

tran

spor

t for

sch

ool c

hild

ren

arou

nd th

e De

ngki

l are

a; F

inan

cial

as

sist

ance

for p

oor c

hild

ren

Tabl

e 4

-7: C

onti

nued


Org

anis

atio

n

Type

of a

ssis

tanc

e /

soci

al p

rote

ctio

n

Loca

tion

Targ

et G

roup

Sum

mar

y of

Pro

gram

sCa

sh

tran

sfer

sTr

ansf

ers

in k

ind

Subs

idy

Educ

atio

n /

Trai

ning

Econ

omic

/

Soci

al a

cces

s to

ser

vice

s

Soci

al

supp

ort a

nd

care

Yaya

san

Sunb

eam

s H

ome

✓

Sela

ngor

, Mal

acca

Child

ren

and

yout

h ag

ed 1

-22

(Chi

nese

, In

dian

and

Ora

ng

Asli)

Hom

e fo

r und

erpr

ivile

ged

child

ren;

Co

mm

unity

Lea

rnin

g Ce

ntre

Pusa

t Keb

ajik

an

Kalv

ary

✓

Joho

r

Teen

age

girls

an

d bo

ys fr

om

chal

leng

ing

back

grou

nds

Hom

e an

d re

habi

litat

ion

cent

re

Pusa

t Keb

ajik

an

Good

She

pher

d

✓✓

✓Se

lang

or, S

abah

Teen

age

girls

(S

elan

gor)

, You

th

(Sab

ah)

Teen

age

Cent

re o

ffers

the

follo

win

g pr

ogra

ms

for t

eena

ge g

irls

: ful

l re

side

ntia

l pro

gram

; Wee

kend

re

side

ntia

l pro

gram

; Pre

vent

ive

outr

each

pro

gram

s.

Yout

h Pr

ep C

entr

e off

ers

the

follo

win

g to

you

th in

Sab

ah: A

‘poi

nt o

f re

fere

nce’

for t

hose

leav

ing

hom

e fo

r th

e fir

st ti

me,

cou

nsel

ling

serv

ices

;hel

p fo

r job

see

kers

thro

ugh

part

ners

hip

with

em

ploy

ers;

on-

goin

g sk

ills

deve

lopm

ent

Raka

n M

uda

Nat

ionw

ide

Seco

ndar

y sc

hool

st

uden

ts

Free

tuiti

on c

lass

es in

Eng

lish,

M

athe

mat

ics,

Dra

win

g an

d Pa

intin

g,

Thea

tre,

Mus

ic

Yaya

san

Chow

Ki

t

✓

✓KL

Adol

esce

nts

and

yout

h w

ho a

re

vuln

erab

le a

nd

at ri

sk in

KL

city

ce

ntre

Runs

a te

en a

nd y

outh

cen

tre

whi

ch

offer

s te

ens

and

yo

uth

with

alte

rnat

ives

to ri

sk b

ehav

ior

that

may

exp

ose

them

to g

angs

, vi

olen

ce, c

rim

e, s

ubst

ance

abu

se a

nd

the

risk

of H

IV in

fect

ion

- foc

uses

on

skill

s de

velo

pmen

t

StAR

T

Se

lang

orU

nder

priv

ilege

d ch

ildre

nM

ulti-

disc

iplin

ary

arts

aca

dem

y fo

r un

derp

rivi

lege

d ch

ildre

n

142 Annexes

Org

anis

atio

n

Type

of a

ssis

tanc

e /

soci

al p

rote

ctio

n

Loca

tion

Targ

et G

roup

Sum

mar

y of

Pro

gram

sCa

sh

tran

sfer

sTr

ansf

ers

in k

ind

Subs

idy

Educ

atio

n /

Trai

ning

Econ

omic

/

Soci

al a

cces

s to

ser

vice

s

Soci

al

supp

ort a

nd

care

Rum

ah K

asih

✓

✓

Sela

ngor

Girls

age

d 7-

18

Shel

ter h

ome

for g

irls

from

poo

r or

sing

le p

aren

t fam

ilies

; Tra

inin

g ce

ntre

fo

r gir

ls th

at p

rovi

des

brid

al m

ake-

up

and

sew

ing

clas

ses

Gene

rasi

Ge

mila

ng

✓Se

lang

orTe

enag

ers

and

youn

g ad

ults

Coun

selli

ng a

nd C

are;

Cyb

er

wel

lnes

s cl

asse

s; S

ex a

nd S

ensi

bilit

y Pr

ogra

mm

e;

Oza

nam

Ser

vice

Ce

ntre

✓✓

Sela

ngor

, KL

Yout

hCo

unse

lling

ser

vice

s; T

rain

ing;

Car

eer

guid

ance

; Pro

vide

tert

iary

edu

catio

nal

oppo

rtun

ity o

r tra

de/s

kills

pro

gram

me

Tabl

e 4

-7: C

onti

nued


4.2

Li

st o

f Fed

eral

Gov

ernm

ent P

rogr

ams

for Y

outh

Tabl

e 4

-8: F

eder

al g

over

nmen

t pro

gram

s fo

r you

th

Min

istr

y /

Agen

cy /

O

rgan

isat

ion

Type

of a

ssis

tanc

e /

soci

al p

rote

ctio

n

Targ

et G

roup

Polic

y Su

mm

ary

Cash

tr

ansf

ers

Tran

sfer

s in

ki

ndSu

bsid

yEd

ucat

ion

/ Tr

aini

ng

Econ

omic

/

Soci

al a

cces

s to

ser

vice

s

Soci

al

supp

ort

and

care

Min

istr

y of

Wom

en,

Fam

ily a

nd

Com

mun

ity

Deve

lopm

ent

✓

Yout

h in

nee

d RM

200/

mon

th a

ppre

ntic

eshi

p al

low

ance

✓

Child

ren:

pro

gram

mes

fo

r 1. o

rpha

ns o

r chi

ldre

n w

ithou

t pro

per p

aren

ting;

2.

chi

ldre

n in

fost

er c

are

1. R

M10

0-RM

450/

mon

th, 2

. RM

250-

RM

500/

mon

th

✓

Und

erpr

ivile

ged

grou

psRM

2700

one

off

gran

t to

laun

ch a

new

bus

ines

s

✓

Child

ren

in n

eed

of

assi

stan

ce

Inst

itutio

nal p

rote

ctio

n: C

hild

ren

Hom

es, R

umah

Tu

nas

Har

apan

, Spe

cial

Pro

tect

ion

Cent

re, E

hsan

sh

elte

rs (S

tree

t Chi

ldre

n)…

✓

Child

ren

in n

eed

of

assi

stan

ceIn

stitu

tiona

l reh

abili

tatio

n: S

choo

l Tun

as B

akti,

Re

man

d, P

roba

tion

Hos

tels

✓

Child

ren

in n

eed

of

assi

stan

ce

Exte

rnal

pro

tect

ion:

Fos

ter p

aren

ts, C

hild

Pr

otec

tion

Team

, Kid

s Ac

tivity

Cen

tre,

Witn

ess

Serv

ice

Prog

ram

me

✓

Child

ren

in n

eed

of

assi

stan

ceEx

tern

al re

habi

litat

ion

prog

ram

: Chi

ld W

elfa

re

Com

mitt

ee, U

nres

trai

ned

child

ren

✓

Child

ren

in n

eed

of

assi

stan

ce

Exte

rnal

dev

elop

men

t ser

vice

s: S

port

s To

urna

men

t for

Chi

ldre

n In

stitu

tions

; Ban

ds

Tour

nam

ent f

or C

hild

ren

Inst

itutio

ns; C

hild

hood

Ed

ucat

ion;

Hum

an C

apita

l Dev

elop

men

t; Vo

catio

nal S

kills

Tra

inin

g; C

omm

unity

chi

ldca

re

cent

re

144 Annexes

Min

istr

y /

Agen

cy /

O

rgan

isat

ion

Type

of a

ssis

tanc

e /

soci

al p

rote

ctio

n

Targ

et G

roup

Polic

y Su

mm

ary

Cash

tr

ansf

ers

Tran

sfer

s in

ki

ndSu

bsid

yEd

ucat

ion

/ Tr

aini

ng

Econ

omic

/

Soci

al a

cces

s to

ser

vice

s

Soci

al

supp

ort

and

care

Min

istr

y of

Edu

catio

n

✓

All s

tude

nts

in g

ov. s

choo

ls

1. G

rant

Per

Cap

ita (p

re-s

choo

l, pr

imar

y an

d se

cond

ary

scho

ol)

2.Sc

hool

Co-

curr

icul

um

3. S

choo

ling

Assi

stan

ce (p

rim

ary

and

seco

ndar

y sc

hool

) - R

M10

0 on

e-off

✓

Poor

stu

dent

s in

resi

dent

ial

scho

ols

From

RM

700/

year

in F

orm

1 to

RM

450/

year

in

Form

5

✓

Seco

ndar

y sc

hool

stu

dent

s w

ho e

xcel

in s

port

sRM

70/m

onth

✓

Poor

stu

dent

s: T

rust

Fun

d (K

WAP

M)

RM30

0/ye

ar (s

econ

dary

sch

ool)

+ m

onth

ly

assi

stan

ce

RM25

-RM

60 (d

epen

ding

on

prim

ary/

seco

ndar

y sc

hool

and

pov

erty

leve

l)

✓

Stud

ents

in ru

ral/

rem

ote

area

s an

d th

ose

livin

g on

th

e is

land

sRM

60 o

ne-o

ff sa

fety

jack

et a

ssis

tanc

e

✓

All s

tude

nts

Text

boo

ks a

nd tr

ansp

ort a

ssis

tanc

e

✓

MO

E pr

e-sc

hool

and

bo

ardi

ng s

choo

l stu

dent

sFo

od a

ssis

tanc

e

✓

Stud

ents

that

use

uni

form

sU

nifo

rm a

ssis

tanc

e

✓

Poor

stu

dent

s w

ith lo

w

acad

emic

ach

ieve

men

tTu

ition

Aid

Sch

eme

(TAS

) - p

rovi

sion

of e

xtra

cl

asse

s fr

ee o

f cha

rge

✓

All s

tude

nts

in g

over

nmen

t an

d go

vern

men

t ass

iste

d sc

hool

s

Text

book

Loa

n Sc

hem

e (T

BLS)

- pr

ovis

ion

of

text

book

s fr

ee o

f cha

rge

✓

Ora

ng A

sli a

nd P

enan

Pa

rent

sAd

ult l

itera

cy c

lass

✓

Child

ren

from

low

inco

me

hous

ehol

ds

1Asr

ama

host

els

whe

re c

hild

ren

enjo

y a

mor

e co

nduc

ive

lear

ning

env

iron

men

t and

lear

ning

su

ppor

t

Tabl

e 4

-8: C

onti

nued


Min

istr

y /

Agen

cy /

O

rgan

isat

ion

Type

of a

ssis

tanc

e /

soci

al p

rote

ctio

n

Targ

et G

roup

Polic

y Su

mm

ary

Cash

tr

ansf

ers

Tran

sfer

s in

ki

ndSu

bsid

yEd

ucat

ion

/ Tr

aini

ng

Econ

omic

/

Soci

al a

cces

s to

ser

vice

s

Soci

al

supp

ort

and

care

Min

istr

y of

Hig

her

Educ

atio

n

✓

Stud

ents

with

dis

abili

ties

in u

nive

rsiti

es, c

omm

unity

co

llege

s an

d po

lyte

chni

cs

Uni

vers

ities

: tui

tion

fees

(max

RM

5k/y

ear)

and

po

cket

mon

ey (R

M30

0/m

onth

); Co

mm

unity

co

llege

s an

d po

lyte

chni

cs: R

M3,

360-

RM3,

660/

sem

este

r

✓

Com

mun

ity c

olle

ge

stud

ents

in n

eed

RM25

0/m

onth

Edu

catio

n Lo

an F

und

✓

Bum

iput

era

stud

ents

in

finan

cial

nee

d or

who

ha

ve s

uffer

ed a

n ac

cide

nt/

disa

ster

(MAR

A Fo

unda

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Tabl

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-8: C

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4.3 Case Study: England supports affordable housing through land planning and policy

153. Land planning and policies are the primary tools used in England to facilitate the construction of affordable housing. England has a number of policies that are designed to contribute towards the provision of affordable housing and social inclusion. The most prominent are the Planning and Policy Statement 3 (PPS3) (DCLG 2011) which deals with Housing, and Section 106 (S106) of the Town and Country Planning Act 1990,(GoUK c.1990) which provides guidance to local authorities regarding development of affordable housing. The combination of these enables local authorities – the bodies which review, negotiate and approve development proposals – to ensure affordable housing is built in compliance with national guidance on mixed housing.

154. Given the PPS3s objective to provide “sustainable, inclusive, mixed communities in all areas, both urban and rural” (DCLG 2011), the main focus of S106 planning achievements has been to facilitate tenure mix in new developments. By 2008 S106 had been successful in securing more than half of all affordable housing built in England (Monk 2010). Case studies show that successful S106 developments hold a range of tenure types and are home to a social mix of tenants. One example - Imperial Warf development in London – designed a development that would include 1,065 residential units, 515 of which were affordable housing. Subsequent revisions to the plan that reduced the number of affordable units were rejected by the planning authority, and the 515 affordable unites were eventually built and finalized before any of the market rate units were allowed to be rented or sold. Among these 515 homes, the units were designed to have: 275 units for social rent, an additional 50 units for social rent to the ‘frail elderly’ (i.e. specially adapted units), 75 shared-ownership units, 40 student accommodation units, 50 key worker47 units for rent, and 25 key worker unites for sale. Adhering to the principles of mixed use, this same building included 8,000 square meters of office floor space, 6,600 square meters of retail and restaurant floor space, 2,000 square meters for non-residential institution (the medical facility), a 175 bedroom hotel, 3,000 square meters for a health and fitness club. In addition, planning permission was contingent of the development of a park, and a riverside walk, transport access and a parking strategy (Monk 2010).

155. Evidence, such as the above, suggests that S106 has been successful in facilitating the creation of mixed communities as well as meeting affordable housing needs (Monk 2010). One study asked “how far does the provision of ‘on-site’ affordable housing contribute to the government’s objectives of creating mixed communities?” and concluded that it did a reasonable job in achieving this. It found that many of the affordable housing sites were in more expensive areas that had not traditionally been associated with affordable housing. It was highlighted that the most successful buildings in terms of harmonious communities and market sales were those in which one couldn’t tell which units were social housing and which were market housing. This is important as perceptions of social housing are rather negative and respondents fear the potential knock-on effects that low-income residents may bring, such as antisocial behavior, that could affect the market rates of their property. The study was unable to conclude whether mixed tenure has had a positive effect on the social outcomes of social housing beneficiaries.48

156. It is often argued that simply mixing tenure and ethnicity will not necessarily lead to most positive social outcomes for the disadvantaged. One researcher argues that creating mixed neighborhoods treats a symptom of inequality, not its causes. One study of mixed tenure in urban Scotland found no consistent pattern in health outcomes according to tenure type, but in areas with a large number of social housing tenants, some specific health issues had worse outcomes than in areas with a lower concentration of social housing (Lawder et al 2014). On employment, another, longitudinal study (Feng et al 2013), examined the neighborhood effects of ethnic inequality on economic activity. The study found that, overall, ethnic minorities were, more likely to become unemployed and less likely to become employed. It also concluded that living in a deprived neighborhood was

47 Key workers are defined as public sector employee who is considered to provide an essential service. The term is used in reference to essential workers who may find it difficult to buy property in the area where they work.

48 Both cases from Monk 2010

148 Annexes

associated (positively) with transitions to unemployment and (negatively) with transitions to employment, especially among men. Ethnic diversity was negatively associated with job loss among employed women, but also for homemaking women and their chances of finding employment.

4.4 Annex 4 References

Department for Communities and Local Government (DCLG). 2011. “Policy Planning Statement 3 (PPS3): Housing”. DCLG, London.

Feng, X., Flowerdew, R. and Feng, Z. 2013. “Does neighbourhood influence ethnic inequalities in economic activity? Find-ings from the ONS Longitudinal Study”. Journal of Economic Geography pp. 1–26.

Government of the United Kingdom (GoUK), c.1990. “Town and Country Planning Act. Website” Available at: http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1990/8/section/106. (Accessed 6 June, 2014).

Lawder, R., Walsh, D., Kearns, A. and Livingston, M. 2014. “Healthy Mixing? Investigating the Associations between Neigh-bourhood Housing Tenure Mix and Health Outcomes for Urban Residents”. Urban Studies. 51(2) 264–283, February 2014.

Monk, S. 2010. “England: Affordable Housing Through the Planning System: The Role of Section 106”. In Inclusionary Housing in International Perspective: Affordable Housing, Social Inclusion and Land Value Recapture. N. Calavita and A. Mal-lach, editors. Lincoln Institute of Land Policy, Cambridge, MA.

http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1990/8/section/106

http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1990/8/section/106

Malaysia’s cities are dynamic centers of innovation and have much potential to play an

increasingly important role as drivers of economic growth for the country. Yet, cities can grow

in different ways that will affect their competitiveness and livability, requiring policies that

create opportunities, foster productivity, minimize environmental degradation and ensure

social equity. This study focuses on understanding three key aspects of city competitiveness:

economic growth, urban governance, and social inclusion, through extensive analysis and

field work in six urban centers of Malaysia. Based on the analysis, the study lays out a set of

policy recommendations that aim to address existing challenges and create opportunities for

achieving a system of competitive cities.

achieving a system of competitive cities in malaysia...

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