teknologi disediakan oleh kamaludin ahmad jtmk, mpti, jb

TEKNOLOGI

Disediakan OlehKamaludin AhmadJTMK,MPTI, JB

Perbincangan

Teknologi & Teknologi PendidikanRekabentuk Pengajaran – ID

(instructional Design)LMS – Learning Management SystemSekolah BestariIntegrasi TMK dalam P&PTeori

Teknologi?

Dalam kes ini kita boleh melihatnya dari dua sudut; 1. Teknologi sebagai benda dan 2. Teknologi sebagai proses sosial. (Naughton J, 1986 - Technology in Schools)

Technology is the application of knowledge, tools and skills to solve practical problems and extend human capabilities."Technology - Report of the Project 2061, Phase I Technology Panel" - American Association for the Advancement of Science, 1989.

Teknologi?

Teknologi Pendidikan

Ia berperanan memberi penekanan terhadap idea-idea pendidikan sebagai rekaan teknologi, sebabnya ia menerima perkaraan asas yang maju biasanya hasil dari interaksi 'merubah konsep' (mendahului ke cara-cara baru melihat sesuatu) dengan 'merubah teknik-teknik' (mendahului cara-cara baru melakukan sesuatu).

Domain TP

Rekabentuk Pengajaran

Definisi Instructional Design as a Process Instructional Design as a Discipline Instructional Design as a Science Instructional Design as Reality

Instructional Design as a Process: Instructional Design is the systematic development of instructional specifications using learning and instructional theory to ensure the quality of instruction. It is the entire process of analysis of learning needs and goals and the development of a delivery system to meet those needs. It includes development of instructional materials and activities; and tryout and evaluation of all instruction and learner activities.


Instructional Design as a DisciplineInstructional Design is that branch of knowledge concerned with research and theory about instructional strategies and the process for developing and implementing those strategies.


Instructional Design as a ScienceInstructional design is the science of creating detailed specifications for the development, implementation, evaluation, and maintenance of situations that facilitate the learning of both large and small units of subject matter at all levels of complexity.


Instructional Design as RealityInstructional design can start at any point in the design process. Often a glimmer of an idea is developed to give the core of an instruction situation. By the time the entire process is done the designer looks back and she or he checks to see that all parts of the "science" have been taken into account. Then the entire process is written up as if it occurred in a systematic fashion.


Instructional SystemAn instructional system is an arrangement of resources and procedures to promote learning. Instructional design is the systematic process of developing instructional systems and instructional development is the process of implementing the system or plan.


Instructional TechnologyInstructional technology is the systemic and systematic application of strategies and techniques derived from behavioral, cognitive, and constructivist theories to the solution of instructional problems.

Instructional technology is the systematic application of theory and other organized knowledge to the task of instructional design and development.

Instructional Technology = Instructional Design + Instructional Development


ASSUREADDIEGagne's Nine Events of Instruction


ASSURE

A - Analyze Learners S - State Objectives S - Select Methods, Media and Materials U - Utilize Media and Materials R - Require Learner Participation E - Evaluate and Revise

ADDIE

A - Analysis phase D – Design phase D – Development phase I – Implementation phase E – Evaluation phase

Gagne's Nine Events of Instruction

Instructional Event Internal Mental Process

1. Gain attention Stimuli activates receptors

2. Inform learners of objectives Creates level of expectation for learning

3. Stimulate recall of prior learning Retrieval and activation of short-term memory

4. Present the content Selective perception of content

5. Provide "learning guidance" Semantic encoding for storage long-term memory

6. Elicit performance (practice) Responds to questions to enhance encoding and verification

7. Provide feedback Reinforcement and assessment of correct performance

8. Assess performance Retrieval and reinforcement of content as final evaluation

9. Enhance retention and transfer to the job

Retrieval and generalization of learned skill to new situation

LMS – Learning Management System

Berasas kepada teknologi internet. Berasas rekabentuk Berasas teori pembelajaran Berasas pembelajaran kendiri Mengandungi pelbagai alat (aktiviti) umum untuk

proses pembelajaran Tugasan Perbincangan Catatan jurnal Ujian, kuiz Dan pelbagai lagi.

Dalam LMS guru/pensyarah perlu mereka bentuk proses pembelajaran

Harus memahami bagaimana seseorang individu belajar,

Mengetahui bagaimana individu membina kefahaman mereka

Berupaya mengurus bahan dan sumber yang berkaitan.

Dapat menggunakan alat/aktiviti pembelajaran dengan berkesan.

LMS – Learning Management System

Sekolah Bestari

satu daripada tujuh “flagship application” Koridor Raya Multimedia

satu transformasi dalam sistem pendidikan sedang berlaku melalui perubahan sistemik dalam aspek kurikulum, sistem penilaian, pengurusan, pentadbiran dan latihan guru

Pembelajaran bestari memberikan penekanan kepada aspek berfikir melalui pembinaan dan peningkatan minda selaras dengan hala tuju pendidikan negara. Fokus pengajaran dan pembelajaran di Sekolah Bestari juga lebih berpusat kepada pelajar, terarah kendiri, mengikut tahap keupayaan individu, berkesinambungan dan reflektif melalui kurikulum yang luwes dan terbuka. Usaha ini dapat dijayakan dengan bantuan pelbagai media teknologi khususnya teknologi maklumat dan komunikasi yang terkini dengan jaringan yang meliputi seluruh dunia. Sekolah Bestari turut memberikan penekanan kepada pendemokrasian pendidikan melalui layanan pelbagai kecerdasan dan gaya pembelajaran sesuai dengan tahap keupayaan, kebolehan dan keperluan pelajar.

Sekolah Bestari

Integrasi TMK dalam P&P

Integrasi?Bila perlu Bila tidak Bagaimana

Curriculum integration with the use of technology involves the infusion of technology as a tool to enhance the learning in a content area or multidisciplinary setting. Technology enables students to learn in ways not previously possible. Effective integration of technology is achieved when students are able to select technology tools to help them obtain information in a timely manner, analyze and synthesize the information, and present it professionally. The technology should become an integral part of how the classroom functions—as accessible as all other classroom tools.


Pendekatan?

PBL – Project Based LearningPBL – Problem Based Learning


Teori

Learning theory or Teaching theory?Apa itu teori?Adakah ia penting?Jika Ya! Apakah teori yang anda “guna

pakai”

Bagaimana anda melihat sesuatu proses pembelajaran!

Apakah elemen2 yang anda lihat?Bagaimana anda mempastikan bahawa

pembelajaran itu telah berlaku?Bagaiamana anda telah pasti bahawa

pelajar anda telah memahami apa yang mereka pelajari?

Teori

Apa yang dipelajari?

KonsepFaham

Secara relatifnya setiap perkara yang kita pelajari ialah …..?

Adakah anda jelas apa itu konsep ?

Kenapa anda faham sesuatu perkara ?

teknologi disediakan oleh kamaludin ahmad jtmk, mpti, jb

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