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NAADEBREP SISILANA AJREK ISAPISITRAP TAKGNITSIFARGOMED KEPSA IRAD UAJNITID

susaK idutS D nemubeK ,nertnasepsuluB natamaceK ,ojerkabmaT ase

ISPIRKS

utaS halaS ihunemeM kutnU nakujaiD tarayS

nakididneP anajraS raleG helorepmeM imonokE nakididneP idutS margorP

: helO nususiD

ITNAYAJIW IRASANTAR

:MIN 70 4231 0 02

IMONOKE NAKIDIDNEP IDUTS MARGORP

LAISOS NAUHATEGNEP UMLI NAKIDIDNEP NASURUJ

UMLI NAD NAURUGEK SATLUKAF NAKIDIDNEP

AMRAHD ATANAS SATISREVINU

ATRAKAYGOY

102 3

PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJIPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

i

NAADEBREP SISILANA AJREK ISAPISITRAP TAKGNITSIFARGOMED KEPSA IRAD UAJNITID

susaK idutS D ase nemubeK ,nertnasepsuluB natamaceK ,ojerkabmaT

ISPIRKS

tarayS utaS halaS ihunemeM kutnU nakujaiD

nakididneP anajraS raleG helorepmeM imonokE nakididneP idutS margorP

: helO nususiD

ITNAYAJIW IRASANTAR

:MIN 70 4231 0 02

IDUTS MARGORP IMONOKE NAKIDIDNEP

LAISOS NAUHATEGNEP UMLI NAKIDIDNEP NASURUJ

NAKIDIDNEP UMLI NAD NAURUGEK SATLUKAF

AMRAHD ATANAS SATISREVINU

ATRAKAYGOY

102 3


ii


iii


vi

NAHABMESREP

:adap nakhabmesrepuk ini ispirks apureb ayrak lisaH

atnicret gnay inuyhaW irS ubI nad otraiguS kapaB

hisakret gnay itawardnI uyahaR anailuY ukkkidA

hisakret gnay ohorguN namriF ukkidA

hisakret gnay ipulaP onteR ukkidA

hisakret gnay nukamaS ehdkaP

K gnayasret gnay otraidaiL kifeaW ukhisake

ukretamamlA

nameT - met 7002 natakgna nagnaujrepes na


v

OTTOM

aiD .nakatpicnem gnay umnahuT aman nagned halacaB“

halet

nad ,halacaB .harad lapmnuges irad aisunam nakatpicnem

gnaY .harumeP ahaM gnaY halumnahuT nagned rajagnem

malaQ muleb gnay alages aisunam rajagnem gnay halaiD .

lA S.Q( ”.iuhatekiD - 1 qalA‘ - .)5

saules uti NARABASEK akam,IAGNUS gnajnapes NAABOC akiJ

ATAM NARAPMAH huajes NAPARAH akiJ .AREDUMAS

.gnatnebmem ASAKGNA saules itsem DAKET akam,gnadnamem akiJ

saules surah NASALHKIEK akam ,IMUB rasebes NANABROGNEP

…AYAR DAGAJ

kutnu ukadapek nagnalihek nad nalagagek apureb naiju nakirebmem nahuT

…ukadapek hamkih nakrajagnem

nakub ,ini irah nakajrek adnA gnay apa helo nakatpicid umnaped asaM

K treboR( …koseb )ikasoyi

,nakatak adna gnay apa ,nakrikip adna gnay apa akitek halada naaigahabeK

)ihdnaG amtahaM( …inomrah malad adareb nakukal adna gnay apa nad

.utkaw nial uata nial gnaro uggnunem atik akij gnatad naka kadit nahabureP

uggnutid gnay halatik iriD - .uggnut …irac atik gnay nahaburep halatik naD

)amabO niesuH kcaraB(

nanikayek hunep nagned takgnareB . nalajreB nagned hunep nasalhkiek .

naaboc ipadahgnem malad hamoqitsI . “HAMOQITSI,SALHKI,NIKAY“ .

)dijdaM ludbA nidduniaZ dammahuM .HKGT(

oitacude htuohtiw suineG )nilknarF nimajneB( .enim eht ni revlis ekil si n


iv

.dnim eht fo noitacude eht si erutluC .retcarahc fo erutluc eht si notacudE

)ucsenimE.M(

od ot gnilliw eb tsum uoy ,dah reven ev’uoy gnihtemos tnaw uoy fI

.enod reven ev’uoy gnihtemos a si sseccuS noitanitsed a ton ,yenruoj …

kadit ipatet acabmem asib saul takaraysam naklisahgnem halet ...nakididneP

)nayleverT .M.G( .acabid satnap gnay apa nakadebmem tapad

nagned gnosok gnay narikip nakitnaggnem kutnu halada nakididnep naujuT

.akubret gnay narikip )sebroF .S mloclaM(

.adnireg nakeseg nad nalukup nagned hadni idajnem naka aynah atamreP

…naaboc nad naiju nagned anrupmes idajnem naka ,aisunam aguj utigeB

ek gnaY .maid halada uti umli tutnunem alum lawA - nagned ragnednem,2

ek gnaY .nuket - afah nad mahaf,3 ek gnaY .l - ek gnaY .aynnaklamagnem,4 -

…aynnaksaulrabeynem,5

nial gnaro taas ajrekeb ,rudit nial gnaro taas rajaleb halada seskus peseR

salam - …niamreb nial gnaro taas paisreb ,nasalam

hiarem inareb uka ini irah ,gnaujreb inareb uka nirameK

nakukaL…nagnanemek kiabret gnay lisah tapad naka uka nad kiabret gnay

…alup

bab malad iakgnibuk ,aenila malad takiuk ,ankam acabuk ,atak halouK

nolac ,autgnaro ,amiretuk anajras raleg ,ayrakaham halidaj ,amil halmujes

aigahab nup autrem nolac nad imaus/irtsi …

ret kiab hibeL ilakes amas adusiw kadit adapirad tabmal …

!gnanem ayas nad isiver ayas ,naiju ayas ,nagnibmib ayas ,gnatad ayaS !!


iiv

AYRAK NAILSAEK NAATAYNREP

silut ayas gnay ispirks awhab aynhuggnuses nagned nakataynem ayaS

naigab uata ayrak taumem kadit ini halet gnay ilaucek ,nial gnaro ayrak

ayrak aynkayal anamiagabes ,akatsup ratfad nad napituk malad naktubesid

.haimli

3102 iraurbeF 5 ,atrakaygoY siluneP

itnayajiW irasantaR


iiiv

NAUJUTESREP NAATAYNREP RABMEL

HAIMLI AYRAK ISAKILBUP SIMEDAKA NAGNITNEPEK KUTNU

: amrahD atanaS satisrevinU awsisaham ayas ,ini hawab id nagnat adnatreb gnaY

amaN itnayajiW irasantaR :

4231 70 : awsisahaM romoN 0 02

naakatsupreP adapek nakirebmem ayas ,nauhategnep umli nagnabmegnep imeD

aS satisrevinU : ludujreb gnay ayas haimli ayrak amrahD atan

“ NAADEBREP SISILANA AJREK ISAPISITRAP TAKGNIT

SIFARGOMED KEPSA IRAD UAJNITID ” gnay takgnarep atreseb

.nakulrepid satisrevinU naakatsupreP adapek nakirebmem ayas naikimed nagneD

apmiynem kutnu kah amrahD atanaS ,nial aidem kutneb malad nakhilagnem ,n

nad ,satabret araces nakisubirtsidnem ,atad nalakgnap kutneb malad aynalolegnem

simedaka nagnitnepek kutnu nial aidem uata tenretnI id aynnakisakilbupmem

k itlayor nakirebmem nupuam ayas irad niji atnimem ulrep apnat ayas adape

.silunep iagabes ayas aman nakmutnacnem patet amales

.aynranebes nagned taub ayas gnay ini naataynrep naikimeD

atrakaygoY id taubiD

iraurbeF 5 : laggnat adaP 102 3

nakataynem gnaY

itnayajiW irasantaR


xi

KARTSBA TAKGNIT NAADEBREP SISILANA UAJNITID AJREK ISAPISITRAP

SIFARGOMED KEPSA IRAD

)nemubeK.baK ,nertnasepsuluB.ceK ,ojerkabmaTaseD id susaKidutS(

itnayajiW irasantaR amrahD atanaS satisrevinU

3102

isapisitrap takgnit :naadebrep iuhategnem kutnu naujutreb ini naitilenePd uajnitid ajrek natamaceK ,ojerkabmaT aseD id sifargomed kepsa ira

.nemubeK netapubaK ,nertnasepsuluB natamaceK ,ojerkabmaT aseD id nakanaskalid naitileneP

.2102 lirpA nalub adap nemubeK netapubaK ,nertnasepsuluB ataD nad ,aracnawaw ,isavresbo edotem nakanuggnem nagned naklupmukid 876 irad iridret gnay agraulek alapek 599 halada naitilenep isalupoP .isatnemukod .nanijarek rotkes irad agraulek alapek 713 nad sirarga rotkes irad agraulek alapek

ep malad lepmas halmuJ 54 iridret gnay nednopser 09 halada ini naitilen libmaid gnay nanijarek rotkes irad nednopser 54 nad sirarga rotkes irad nednopser lepmas nakiranep malad kinkeT .nivolS sumur nakanuggnem nagned

c iju nakukalid naidumeK .lanoisroporp kaca lepmas nakanuggnem ih - erauqs nagned nakanuggnem 00.71 isrev SSPS erawfos .

gnay naadebrep tapadret )1( :awhab nakujnunem naijugnep lisaH nanijarek rotkes nad sirarga rotkes aratna ajrek isapisitrap takgnit nakifingis

t kadit )2( ,naajrekep rotkaf nad rumu rotkaf irad uajnitid naadebrep tapadre uajnitid nanijarek rotkes nad sirarga rotkes aratna ajrek isapisitrap takgnit

.hapu halmuj nad nakididnep takgnit rotkaf irad


x

TCARTSBA

LEVEL NOITAPICITRAP GNIKROW FO SISYLANA EHT

STCEPSA CIHPARGOMED MORF DEVIECREP

,tcirtsiD nertnasepsuluB ,egalliV ojerkabmaTta ydutS esac A(

)ycnegeR nemubeK

itnayajiWirasantaR

ytisrevinU amrahD atanaS 3102

level noitapicitrap gnikrow fo ecnereffid eht wonk ot smia hcraeser sihTojerkabmaTta stcepsa cihpargomed morf deviecrep nertnasepsuluB ,egalliV

.ycnegeR nemubeK ,tcirtsiD ,tcirtsiD nertnasepsuluB,egalliV ojerkabmaT ta detcudnoc saw hcraeser sihT ,noitavresbo yb delipmoc erew atad ehT .2102 lirpA ni ycnegeR nemubeK

w hcraeser siht fo noitalupoP .noitatnemucod dna ,weivretni seilimaf 599 ere morf seilimaf 713 dna rotces larutlucirga morf seilimaf 876 fo gnitsisnoc stnednopser 09 erew hcraeser siht ni selpmas fo srebmun ehT .rotces tfarcidnah morf stnednopser 54 dna rotces larutlucirga morf stnednopser 54 fo gnitsisnoc

arcidnah ehT .alumrof nivolS gnisu yb nekat erew stnednopser esohT .rotces tfihC .elpmas modnar lanoitroporp saw selpmas gnivired fo euqinhcet - erauqs

erawtfos gniylppa yb detcudnoc saw tnemirepxe 00.71 noisrev SSPS . ht )1( :taht swohs tnemirepxe fo tluser ehT fo ecnereffid tnacifingis si ere

deviecrep rotces tfarcidnah dna larutlucirga neewteb level noitapicitrap gnikrow level noitapicitrap gnikrow fo ecnereffid on si ereht )2( ;noitapucco dna ega morf

e morf deviecrep rotces tfarcidnah dna larutlucirga neewteb dna level noitacud .egaw


ix

RATNAGNEP ATAK

asE ahaM gnaY nahuT taridahek nakpacu silunep rukuys asar nad ijuP

tamhar nad takreb nakhapmilem halet gnay - tapad silunep aggnihes ,ayN

.aynutkaw adap tapet nad kiab nagned ini ispirks nakiaseleynem silutid ini ispirkS

anajraS raleg helorepmem tarays utas halas ihunemem kutnu nakujaid nad

sesorp awhab iradaynem siluneP .imonokE nakididneP idutS margorP nakididneP

nad nagnukud irad sapelret kadit nakiaselesret tapad ini ispirks nanusuynep

irad nagnorod ,kitirk ,naras ,tagnames nakirebmem halet gnay ,kahip iagabreb

adapek hisak amiret nakpacugnem silunep uti anerak helO .narubihgnep nad ,edi

kahip - amaturet ,ini ispirks nakiaseleynem malad utnabmem halet gnay kahip

:adapek

.1 asEahaM gnaY nahuT m ulales gnay takreb nakhapmile - ispirks aggnihes ayN

.racnal nagned nakiaselesret tapad ini

.2 atanaS satisrevinU rotkeR ,.J .S ,amatmatoyirP onoyriW suluaP .rI .rD omoR

nad rajaleb kutnu natapmesek nakirebmem halet gnay amrahD

U id silunep adapek naidabirpek nakgnabmegnem amrahD atanaS satisrevin

,atrakaygoY

.3 kapaB ukales .D.hP ,idnahoR ,nakididneP umlI nad naurugeK satlukaF nakeD

,atrakaygoY amrahD atanaS satisrevinU

.4 umlI nakididneP nasuruJ auteK ukales .iS.M,.E.S ,nawamraD ardnI kapaB

d naurugeK satlukaF ,laisoS nauhategneP satisrevinU ,naakididneP umlI na

.atrakaygoY amrahD atanaS


iix

.5 nakididneP idutS margorP auteK ukales .iS.M,.E.S ,nawamraD ardnI kapaB

atanaS satisrevinU ,nakididneP umlI nad naurugeK satlukaF ,imonokE

.atrakaygoY amrahD

.6 D ukales S.M ,onoylaD hugeT .C .rD kapaB halet gnay I gnibmibmeP neso

nad kitirk nakirebmem ,nagnibmib nakirebmem ,utkaw nakgnaulem kaynab

.ini ispirks naanrupmesek kutnu naras

.7 halet gnay II gnibmibmeP nesoD ukales .iS.M,.E.S ,nawamraD ardnI kapaB

em ,nagnibmib nakirebmem ,utkaw nakgnaulem kaynab nad kitirk nakirebm

.ini ispirks naanrupmesek kutnu naras

.8 ijugneP nesoD ukales ,.cS.M,.dP.S ,.neyaduM yenaiV airaM senahoY kapaB

nakirebmem ,nagnibmib nakirebmem malad utkaw nakgnaulem halet gnay

spirks naanrupmesek kutnu silunep adapek nakusam nad ,kitirk ,ini i

.9 naras nad nagnukud alages sata hisak amiret ,otnayibuR .A .P .srD kapaB

,silunep adapek nakirebid gnay

.01 nakirebid gnay umli alages sata hisakamiret .iS.M ,.dP.S ,oyosraH senahoY

.11 nakirebmem halet gnay ,.dE.M,.iS.M ,.itutsA onteR itagiW .C .arD ubI

tom ,rajaleb suret kutnu itah hagugnem gnay agrahreb namalagnep nad isavi

.21 reH kapaB H.W nim aseD takaraysam aynsusuhk nad

ojerkabmaT , nertnasepsuluB , nemubeK ini ispirks nagnihes aynautnab sata

cnalnad seskus nagned nalajreb .ra


iiix

.31 nakirebmem halet gnay atnicret inuyhaW irS ubI nad otraiguS kapaB

.silunep kutnu aodreb ulales nad ,tahesan ,nagnorod

.41 gnay ipulaP onteR nad ohorguN namriF ,itawardnI uyahaR anailuY ukkidA

.ini ispirks nasilunep kutnu nagnukud nakirebmem ulales

.51 gnay iniD abM nad iraH saM ,hisgniniratseL hadnE hamaM ,nukamaS ehdkaP

.ini ispirks nasilunep kutnu nagnukud nad tagnames nakirebmem ulales

.61 bmem atres rubihgnem ulales gnay otraidaiL kifeaW ukhisakeK tagnames ire

.ini ispirks nasilunep malad

.71 gnay uyahaR ineharguN itiT nad itnatpeS anaicuL aziR atnicret ukupupeS

.nagnukud irebmem atres tagnames nakirebmem ulales

.81 araduaS - saM ,areV abM ,gniwaW saM ,atI abM ,itrahuS irS ehduB ukaraduas

,nitA ehduB ,ydnaS ,ihsoY saM ,iluY mO ,ineY abM ,omiM mO ,pepeP abM

,gnatniL ,enileV ,saveD ,nidurhkaF saM ,yppaH abM ,irdA saM ,tipiP abM

abM ,isoR abM ,temalS mO ,irS kiluB ,anirE ,nayyaR ,uriB ,sihdA ,gnatniB

nakirebmem ulales gnay itaimuJ kiluB ,otraN mO ,ibA saM ,sirA tagnames

.nagnukud irebmem atres

.91 saM ,allE abM ,gnadnE abM ,niwiW saM ,niridahK ubI nad kapaB agrauleK

,aslaS ,iveD ,ipU keD ,irfaS keD ,kipE saM ,nahluS saM ,afI abM ,bibaH

.nagnukud irebmem atres tagnames nakirebmem ulales gnay innaH nad lurhaS

.02 agrauleK ,ituT ehduB ,suC ehduB ,gneguS ehdkaP ,nieZ dammahuM gnayE

tagnames nakirebmem ulales gnay taruS abM nad idahruN ehdkaP ,irS ehduB

.nagnukud irebmem atres


vix

.12 nameT - namet nagnaujrepes namet – 7002 natakgna namet , notnA

okowruP hareynem nagnaj,habm suret tagnames( naped id anajras,habm

,)atam inanuyA iwreH aksiR allinoeL aam,kiabret namet idaj hadu hisakam(

,)airec gnay allin idaj petet ,umak taub kiabret namet idaj asib muleb uka olak

onsirtuS suinotnA anerak suires ulalret pudih ipaggnanem hanrep nagnaj(

y ada kadit ,)orb sam iatnas ,napudihek irad tamales asib gna suinotnA

otnaruS hupar uka anerak,muislak itrepes uti umak his kaggn radas umak(

,)noyug amuc Q uZ sam ecaep eheh ,umapnat hisgniniranuS avE naiD halas(

lasam ipadahgnem akitek tapad uka gnay kiabret lah utas asib uka halada ha

kutnu hisakam ,kudn umirid aluti ,ukitajes namet ajas apais tahilem

,)atik nanametrep inayadiW akseD nagnaj,gnen suret tagnames gnen oya(

,)gnen atam naped id ada naparah ,ahy tagnames hatap nitsugA airogerG

irdnasiraM ybbeD hisakam,ybbeD( asib Q aggnih ayna’od nad nagnukud sata

,)lla rof sknaht ,ini gnarakes iapmas itayraggnI ainruK ketuj gok umak(

,)eheh?nak asib Q ipat tabmalret tikides q nupualaw...ecaep eheheh,wot

anayilirP akifoN ag atik nagnaujrep aynrihka amal naikes haletes ataynret( k

ais - ,)..ooohoh,uknagnaujrepes nemet hot umak ataynret ,ahy ais iwD itseR

itutsA nopelk ileb atik napak ,aynnagnukud ahy hisakam(

,)..iiixixix?igal idranuS leinaD ini amales aynnagnukud sata hisakam,ehdkap(

,)...ehd gnabmelaP ek negnep Q ,aguj ayna’od nad aD kigU lein

anamreP salam nagnaj( - tabmalret nupualaw,aynispirks niajrek kiG nasalam

,)...oooyac,iaseles gnitnep gnay atnamrA ardneH suitomiT gnilap namet(

kapab ayak had gnapmat ipat iridnes adum gnilap,Loynab gnilap,likog -


vx

,)...eheheheh,kapab inreH atihkollavA inahdrawaydomarP aydn hisakam(

taub,yeko sti tub mahap hisilesreb hanrep atik nupualaw atik nanametrep taub

,)...itah haub is itnanem tamales ,kudn atik taub narajalep iniradsI namet(

udih atik anerak ahy silaudividni nagnaj ,DSU id kusam lawa akitek amatrep p

igabid nupualaw gok sibah naka kaggn naratnipek...haligabreb ,iridnes kaggn

,)..oorb abm ecaep ..nial gnaro nagned inarahaM atigirB lanek asib gnanes(

,).......umak nawainruK firA ada olak asib itsap ,suret tagnames gnak oya(

,)...gnak inuketid dna nauamek itnasuS illuY utas atik irebmem mala ,iluY(

asib atik raga hut aynanug gnay agnilet aud atik irebmem ipatet naka,hadil

asib Q ,nawak yeko ,,aracibreb adapirad kaynab hibel ilak aud ragnedem

,)...gok mulkam airabmA innaF nirtahC s atik irebmem mala ,nirtahC( uta

asib atik raga hut aynanug gnay agnilet aud atik irebmem ipatet naka,hadil

asib Q ,nawak yeko ,,aracibreb adapirad kaynab hibel ilak aud ragnedem

gok mulkam irA rajaF sudranoeL senahoY ,)..

owobiW ,)....yyyyyuuuuuuhic( ohorguN irdneH suinotnA gnay nemet(

salpec - oya(otnayidraH irT aziR ,)...ppppis ,nakgnaneynem ipat solpec

,)...aZ atam naped id naipmi ,igal hakgnales laggnit aZ suret rajek,aZ

saytgniN alamriN anitsugA idaj habureb umak napak ,anI suret tagnames(

,)...nnnuuupma ,aanI ecaep eheh??minimef retarF aruS ylliW retarf hisakam(

,),,,,aynlautirips narajagnep sata loaG nabmuL otnauJ ideD gnarakes ok(

,)...oorb anameK ?supmak id natahilek gnaraj itutsariW ailataN kat amaL(

),,,umnagned apmuj atawruP itawakE atilanoM enisnarF aiserehT ,anoM(

tik irebmem mala gnay agnilet aud atik irebmem ipatet naka,hadil utas a


ivx

adapirad kaynab hibel ilak aud ragnedem asib atik raga hut aynanug

,)..gok mulkam asib Q ,nawak yeko ,,aracibreb amirP itsasarP ailatiV

iruwaK atik irebmem ipatet naka,hadil utas atik irebmem mala ,aiL( aud

kaynab hibel ilak aud ragnedem asib atik raga hut aynanug gnay agnilet

,)..gok mulkam asib Q ,nawak yeko ,,aracibreb adapirad sugaB adI

otnasuS ,),,,tnemmoc oN( silunep adapek nagnukud nakirebmem ulales gnay

ini hailuk nakiaseleynem areges kutnu .

.22 nameT - abM ,inayiwD atinuY ,hahkelosruN itiS ytinumoC gninuK tsoK namet

iveD ,elelubmU itnaY ,irasamhaR irtuP ,hisA ruN gninayteS ,ivoN abM ,oreV

namet nad itutsamusuK asaytrakeS ,inariwD inuY ,arreiZ aiT ,naduyotreM -

d irebmem halet gnay aynnial gninuK tsoK namet idajnem atres nagnuku

.kiab gnay tabahas

.32 nameT - ,itnatiW ,iwD abM ,ontayuS habM kapagN id namet iwD aniL

,itnayirpA namet nad hamkiH luruN ,anairtiF iwD atieM - amiret nial namet

.aumes nailak nagnukud sata hisak

.42 silunep tapad kadit gnay kahip aumeS halet gnay utasrep utas naktubes

spirks nanusuynep amales silunep gnukudnem nad utnabmem i

tapad ini ispirks agomes parahreb silunep atak rihkA

padahret nagnitnepekreb gnay ajas apais igab taafnam nakirebmem

.ini ispirks

3102 iraurbeF 5 ,atrakaygoY

itnayajiW irasantaR


iivx

ISI RATFAD

namalaH

LUDUJ NAMALAH ................................ ................................ ... i

GNIBMIBMEP NAUJUTESREP NAMALAH ......................... ii

..NAAHASEGNEP NAMALAH ................................ ................ iii

NAAHABMESREP NAMALAH .. ................................ ............. vi

OTTOM ................................ ................................ ...................... v

AYRAK NAILSAEK NAATAYNREP ................................ ...... iv i

ISAKILBUP NAUJUTESREP ................................ ................... iiv i

KARTSBA ................................ ................................ ................... ix

TCARTSBA ................................ ................................ ................ x

ATNAGNEP ATAK R ................................ ................................ . ix

ISI RATFAD ................................ ................................ ............... iivx

LEBAT RATFAD ................................ ................................ ....... iixx

RABMAG RATFAD ................................................................ ..... vixx

NARIPMAL ................................ ................................ ................ vxx

NAULUHADNEP I BAB ................................ ........................... 1

.A halasaM gnakaleB rataL ................................ ................... 1

.B halasaM nasumuR ................................ ............................ 6

.C .…………………………… lebairaVlanoisarepOisinifeD . 6

.D halasaM nasataB ................................ ................................ 8

.E naitileneP naujuT ................................ .............................. 8


iiivx

.F naitileneP taafnaM ................................ ............................. 8

II BAB NAIJAK AKATSUP ................................ ...................... 9

.A ajreKisapisitraPisinifeD ................................ ..................... 9

.B libmaiD gnaY isgnuFigeS iraD uajnitidisapisitraP

takaraysaMisavitoMnadtakaraysaM ................................ ... 12

.C ajreKisapisitraP takgniT ................................ .................... 41

.1 KPT nadrumU ................................ .............................. 51

.2 takgniT KPT nadnakididneP ................................ ......... 51

.3 KPT nadhapU takgniT ................................ .................. 61

.D ajreKisapisitraPsisilanA ................................ ..................... 61

.E naasedePtakaraysaM ................................ .......................... 81

.F sirargA/nainatrePpesnoK ................................ ................... 02

.1 nainatrePmetsiS ................................ .......................... 12

.2 aggnaThamuRnaujuT ................................ ................. 22

.3 nainatreP nanugnabmeP 3 pahaT ................................ 32

.4 tarayS - nainatreP nanugnabmeP tarays ........................ 42

.5 nainatrePnareP ................................ ............................ 42

.G naasedePirtsudnI ................................ ................................ 62

.H narikimePakgnareK ................................ ........................... 72

.I sisetopiH ................................ ................................ ........... 82

NAITILENEP EDOTEM III BAB ................................ ............ 03

.A edoteM naitileneP ................................ ............................. 03

.B naitilenePkejbOnadkejbuS ................................ ................. 03


xix

.C naitilenePlepmaSnadisalupoP ................................ ............ 13

.1 isalupoP ................................ ................................ ........ 13

.2 ………………………………………………… lepmaS 13

.3 lepmaSnalibmagneP ................................ ...................... 13

.D lebairaVlanoisarepOisinifeD ................................ .............. 23

.1 rumU ................................ ................................ ............ 23

.2 nakididneP takgniT ................................ ....................... 33

.3 hapUhalmuJ ................................ ................................ .. 33

.4 ajreKisapisitraP takgniT ................................ ................ 43

.E naitileneP ataD ................................ ................................ .. 43

.1 remirP ataD ................................ ................................ ............. 43

.2 rednukeS ataD ................................ ................................ ......... 53

.F ataD nalupmugnePkinkeT ................................ ................. 53

.1 aracnawaW ................................ ................................ ... 53

.2 ..…………………………………………isatnemukoD . 53

.G ataD sisilanA kinkeT ................................ ........................ 63

MUMU NARABMAG VI BAB ................................ .............................. 83

.A mumUisidnoK aseD ................................ .......................... 83

.1 hayaliW sataB nadkateL ................................ ............... 83

.2 ifargomeD ................................ ................................ ..... 93

.3 igolordiH ................................ ................................ ...... 93

.4 hanaT sativitkudorP ................................ ...................... 93

.5 misuM ................................ ................................ .......... 04


xx

.6 aisUturuneMkududneP ................................ .................. 04

.7 nairahacneP ataM turuneMkududneP ............................ 14

.8 nakididnePturuneMkududneP ................................ ....... 24

.9 sirargArotkeS ................................ ................................ 24

.01 nanijareKrotkeS ................................ ............................ 44

NASAHABMEP NAD ATAD SISILANAV BAB ........... 64

.A nednopseRfitpikseDasilanA ................................ ............... 64

.1 rumU ................................ ................................ ............ 64

.2 nakididneP takgniT ................................ ....................... 74

.3 hapUhalmuJ ................................ ................................ .. 84

.4 ajreKisapisitraP takgniT ................................ ................ 05

.B naitilenePataD ispirkseD ................................ ................... 15

.C ..………………………………………ataD sisilanA ......... 25

.1 tahiliDajreKisapisitraPtakgnitnaadebreP

rumUrotkaF iraD ................................ ......................... 35

.2 tahiliDajreKisapisitraP takgniT naadebreP

nakididneP takgniT rotkaF iraD ................................ ... 55


hapUhalmuJrotkaF iraD ................................ ............... 75


naajrekeProtkaF iraD ................................ ................... 06

.D .………………………………………………nasahabmeP 26

.1 tahiliDajreKisapisitraPtakgnitnaadebreP


ixx

rumUrotkaF iraD ................................ ......................... 26


nakididneP takgniT rotkaF iraD ................................ ... 56


iraD hapUhalmuJrotkaF ................................ ............... 66


naajrekeProtkaF iraD ................................ ................... 76

NARAS NAD NALUPMISEK IV BAB .......................... 96

.A nalupmiseK ................................ ................................ ...... 96

.B nasatabreteK nad naraS naitileneP ayntujnaleS .................. 07

AKATSUP RATFAD ................................ ................................ .. 72

NARIPMAL


iixx

LEBAT RATFAD

lebaT namalaH

1.3 rumU nairogetakgneP ................................ .......................... 33

2.3 nakididneP takgniT nairogetakgneP ................................ ..... 33

3.3 hapU nairogetakgneP ................................ ........................... 43

4.3 ajreK isapisitraP takgniT nairogetakgneP ............................. 43

1.4 M kududneP ataD aisU turune ................................ .................. 04

2.4 nairahacneP ataM turuneM kududneP ataD ............................. 14

3.4 nakididneP turuneM kududneP ataD ................................ ....... 24

1.5 rumU turuneM nednopseR kitsiretkaraK ................................ . 74

2.5 nakididneP turuneM nednopseR kitsiretkaraK ......................... 84

3.5 hapU turuneM nednopseR kitsiretkaraK ................................ .. 94

4.5 etkaraK turuneM nednopseR kitsir

ajreK isapisitraP takgniT ................................ .......................... 05

5.5 fitpirkseD kitsitatS ................................ ................................ .. 15

6.5 nakididneP nakrasadreB ataD ispirkseD ................................ .. 25

7.5 tahiliD ajreK isapisitraP takgniT naadebreP

rumU rotkaF iraD ................................ ................................ ..... 35


iraD nakididneP takgniT rotkaF ................................ .............. 55


hapU rotkaF iraD ................................ ................................ .... 75


iiixx

01.5 iraD tahiliD ajreK isapisitraP takgniT naadebreP

naajrekeP rotkaF ................................ ................................ ..... 06


vixx

RABMAG RATFAD

rabmaG namalaH

1.2 ................................ ...................... narikimeP akgnareK 82


vxx

NARIPMAL

namalaH naripmaL

I renoiseuK ................................ ................................ ............

II ataD isalubaT renoiseuK ................................ ......................

III ihC nagned ataD halO lisaH lebaT - erauqS ...........................

VI naitileneP nijI taruS ................................ .............................


1

I BAB

NAULUHADNEP

.A halasaM gnakaleB rataL

id patenem ainud id niksimret kududnep agitrep aud irad hibeL

pudihgnep gnay naasedep hayaliw a alop irad rebmusreb aynkokop n

igaB .sirarga takaraysam idajnem nial atak nagned uata nainatrep inatep

nahatrepmem anamiagab irahes pudih nak - rem hadus irah haubes nakapu

rotkes adap ajek isapisitrapreb nagned napudihek inalajnem malad natutnut

.nainatrep pudih nahutubek aumes ini rotkes adap isapisitrapreb nagneD

id tar aggnihes aynnahalo lisah nad hawas lisah aumes adap nakupmut a- atar

gnay pudih aloP .anahredes nagned pudih ini rotkes adap takaraysam

taubmem naparah irad huaj ilakgnires gnay nenap lisah nad lanoisidart

.nabmal idajnem nanugnabmep

imonoke nanugnabmep malad nainatrep narep lanoisidart araceS

gabes nad fisap gnadnapid aynah a sadreB .atames gnajnunep rusnu i nakra

n irad sirotsih namalagnep arage - B aragen iagabes tubesid gnay apa tara

i imonoke nanugnabmep kurts isamrofsnart nagned kitned t tapec gnay laru

adap upmutreb gnay naimonokerep irad inkay ,naimonokerep padahret

takaraysam nanayalep nad nredom irtsudni idajnem nainatrep nataigek gnay

ah nainatrep amatu narep naikimed nagneD .skelpmok hibel n paggnaid ay

nad ajrek aganet rebmus iagabes agnap nahab imed harum gnay n

kes gnabmekreb udni rot kes iagabes naktabonid gnay irts naluggnu rot

races imonoke nanugnabmep igetarts malad simanid a .nahurulesek


2

H lanoisan nanugnabmep nagned nainatrep rotkes aratna nagnubu id

argen aisenodnI em aynrasad adap gnilas gnay nagnubuh nakapur

satilauk naktakgninem kutnu naujutreb lanoisaN nanugnabmeP .gnukudnem

naasedep id pudih ayntakaraysam satiroyam nakgnades ,takaraysam pudih

.nainatrep rotkes id nairahacnep atamreb rasebret halmuj nagned igaB

m anamiagab akerem irahes pudih naknahatrepme - nakapurem hadus irah

akgnar malaD .aganet nad naitahrep hurules atiynem gnay kokop halasam

gnaujrepmem k s akerem pudih nagnusgnalek na e kococreb ,sarek ajrekeb ulal

.aynpudih satilauk naktakgninem kutnu nahal paraggnem uata manat

P naktapadnem kutnu ahasu nakapurem nial kadit pudih satilauk natakgnine

.pudih nanamaynek hibel lanoisaN nanugnabmeP naujut utas halaS

naasedep takaraysam pudih satilauk naktakgninem ayapu adap nakharaid

nainatrep rotkes nanugnabmep iulalem .

id naasedep hareaD K netapuba nemubeK gnay hayaliw nakapurem

aynah uti raseb gnay isnetop ipatet naka ,raseb gnay mala isnetop ikilimem

.naimonokerep sativitka idajnem nakgnabmekid halet gnay licek naigabes

naasedep kududneP nemubeK ,remirp rotkes adap ujutret kaynab hibel

.nainatrep nataigek kutnu hanat halognem nataigek kaynab hibel aggnihes

al mala iskudorp aratnemeS naktaafnamid kaynab muleb aynni . K ini isidno

.mala naadaek adap takaraysam nagnutnagretek aynraseb nakbabeynem

utauS akam ,hibel gnay nariagnep nagned rubus gnay hanat ikilimem ased

hibel aynimonoke uti ased kududnep imonoke araces ualak nakitsapid tapad

.kiab


3

aynnainatrep ,gnajnunem gnaruk aynmala nagnukgnil alibapa aynkilabeS

d ased kududnep imonoke akam ,rubus gnaruk naigabes nakitsapid tapa

naniksimek malad pudih hisam ased takaraysam nagnakalebretek nad

)naniksimek( nahalasamrep irad babeyneP ased mala isidnok halada

iridnes aynaisunam nad aynayadrebus naklamiskamem muleb hisam gnay

.ajrek isapisitrap malad malaD R hagneneM akgnaJ nanugnabmeP anacne

)MJPR( ,nemubeK .baK ( VI - 5002:44 ) nakapurem nemubeK netapubaK

gnuggnup gnalut nakapurem nainatrep gnarakes iapmas nad sirarga hayaliw

nahalasamrep kaynab aynaanaskalep malad ipatet ,haread naimonokerep

ep tabmahgnem gnay ,iadamem gnay nainatrep lisah iskudorp natakgnin

:nial aratna tubesret nahalasamrep p vitkudor nurunem nahal sati ,

p ,tipmes gnay nahal nakilimepek et nataafnamep nad naparene igolonk

r ,lamitpo muleb nainatrep )MDS( aisunam ayad rebmus satilauk aynhadne

el nad .inatep adap naladomrep aynham

ased isidnok sifargoeg araceS nemubeK netapubaK id rubus aynhanat ,

nad gnaraj gnay aynkududnep anerak lamiskam araces haloid muleb ipatet

hadnipreb - aynkududnep ipatet rubus gnaruk gnay ased aguj adA .hadnip

m aggnihes tadap ne rep iagabreb naklubmi nalaos . P hatnireme netapubaK

rep isatagnem ahasureb nalaos isatagnem kutnu naujut nagned tubesret

rep iagabreb nalaos t gnay naasedep id idajre . Di ignarugnem gnipmas

.atok takaraysam nagned ased takaraysam aratna laisos nagnajnesek

nad nahubmutrep ahasu naiakgnar nakapurem iridnes uti nanugnabmeP

amasreb takaraysam helo radas araces nakukalid gnay anacnereb nahaburep


4

lad isasinredom ujunem hatniremep naanibmep akgnar ma ,naigaiS( asgnab

:4791 )12

k malaD irahes napudihe - aynirah m agraw ased takaraysa liw id haya

K natamace nertnasepsuluB K netapuba K nemube adap nakgnutnaggnem

.mala a mala anerak ,ased kududnep igab aynalages nakapurem mal

gnay apa nakirebmem akereM .aynnapudihek igab aisunam nakhutubid

aynlisah kitepid kutnu anahredes gnay natalarep nagned mala halognem

irahes nahutubek ihunemem anug - tapmet kutnu nakanugid aguj malA .irah

laggnit . :4891 ,ahtareB( .)31 S agabe i anam adap naasedep takaraysam es pe itr

d ajerkabmaT ase ini natamacek hayaliw id iagabes nakkitnediid gnires

utiay ,sirarga takaraysam ay takaraysam tasupret aynimonoke nataigek gn

,naajrekep macamreb nakrihalem asib muleb ini rotkeS .nainatrep adap

.nainatrep lisah irad natapadnep nakladnagnem asib kadit akerem uti kutnu

h aneraK takaraysam akam tuberet la gnay ada naigabes ini ased

as ahasu nakukalem iagabes utiay licek irtsudni nakukalem nagned nalibm

nahab irad nijargnep - nahab asib aynebaton gnay apalek tubas id

.nainatrep lisah irad nakopmolek naklubminem naka naikimed nagneD

takgnit isapisitrap rotkes audek id adebreb gnay ajrek ubesret t akaraysaM . t

kaynab hibel ojerkabmaT ased areb itk v halognem nagned sati hawas nahal ,

bmem ,namanat tawarem ,manat kocreb itrepes e libmagnem nad kupup ir

ihunemem anug gnusgnal ismusnokid nupuam lauj id kutnu nenap lisah

.akerem pudih nahutubek K em aynased isidnok anera ased nakapur gnay

ab sifargoeg araces n satifitka nakubminem aggnihes aynahawasrep nahal kay


5

gabes utiay nalibmas ahasu a ijargnep i ales apalek tubas n aguj akerem ni

.manat kococreb kaynab hibel naka asaib ajrekeb kutnu utkaw ini ased iD

ubas nanijarek anerak ini apalek t ahasU .hamur gnisam gnisam id nakukalid

anerak kokop gnay nairahacnep atam halnakub ini apalek tubas nanijarek

.manat kococreb aguj akerem imed nagneD ik gnit na ajrek isapisitrap tak

rotkes audek tubesret nem .adebreb idaj

epeS helo naksalejid aynlah itr katnujnamiS :5891( , takgnit )54

aganet halmuj uata ajrek aganet naaideynep naknimrecnem ajrek isapisitrap

ajrek aganet naaideynep asilana uata ajrek isapisitrap asilanA .ajrek

.kisalkoen natakednep nakrasadreb nakukalid aynasaib tubesret asilanA

sahabmem aynah anerak anahredes ulalret gnaroeses anamiagab

enem muj apareb aratna nahilip nakpat kutnu nakirebid gnay utkaw hal

,rudit ,nakam utkaw kusamret( gnaggnes utkaw kutnu apareb nad ajrekeb

d gnay naatayneK .)isaerker nad taharitsi irahes ipadahi - awhab halada irah

malad amal apareb nad ajrekeb surah gnaroeses hakapa ianegnem nasutupek

aid uggnimes atames halnakub ajrekeb ulrep - idabirp helo nakpatetid atam

amasreb araces ipatet naka tubesret gnaroeses - atoggna aumes helo amas

.agraulek

laH - naksutumem malad gnaroeses helo nakgnabmitrepid gnay lah

gnisam gnay pudih nahutubek nahunemep kutnu halada ajrekeb kutnu -

.adebreb gnaro gnisam ased takaraysam raseb naigabeS T ma ba ajrekeb ojerk

tubek itrepes ajas remirp nahutubek ihunemem kutnu aynah ,nagnap nahu

tubas nijargnep idajnem nad inatreb irah irahes akereM .napap nad gnadnas


6

.pudih nahutubek ihunemem kutnu ahasu iagabes apalek kutnu nialeS

ysam naigabes kokop nahutubek ihunemem a ajrekeb gnay ada aguj takar

raga pudih farat naktakgninem kutnu kutnu nahutubek itrepes ,kiab hibel

natakgninep ayapu malad hamur nugnabmem nad libom ,rotom ilebmem

.laisos sutsts duskamreb silunep akam tubesret halasam gnakaleb ratal iraD

ini naitilenep malad luduj libmagnem “ sisilanA naadebreP takgniT

ajreK isapisitraP sifargomeD kepsA iraD uajnitiD susaK idutS( id D ase

natamaceK ojerkabmaT nertnasepsuluB , baK netapu nemubeK .) ”

.B halasaM nasumuR

nahalasamrep gnakaleb ratal nakrasadreB malad halasam nasumur

: tukireb iagabes halada ini naitilenep

.1 pA naadebrep ada haka takgnit irad tahilid ajrek isapisitrap takgnit

rumu ?

.2 hakapA naadebrep ada takgnit irad tahilid ajrek isapisitrap takgnit

nakididnep ?

.3 naadebrep ada hakapA takgnit irad tahilid ajrek isapisitrap hapu halmuj ?

.4 hakapA naadebrep ada takgnit irad tahilid ajrek isapisitrap adap rotkes

nad sirarga rotkes ?nanijarek

.C lebairaV lanisarepO isinifeD

.1 rumU

jes gnutihid gnay gnaroeses aisu halada rumU naadaek iapmas rihal ka

id gnay igni n rumu lebairaV .nak m lebairav nakapure suounitnoc gnay

.nuhat nautas malad rukuid


7

.2 nakididneP takgniT

j halada nakididnap takgniT hupmenem malad gnaroeses gnajne

.lamrof kadit nupuam lamrof araces kiab nakididnep

.3 hapU halmuJ

a hapU halmuj halad gnau rek aganet itnaggnep iagabes amiretid gnay aj

.naajrekep sativitka utaus malad lebairav nakapurem ini hapU

suounitnoc .haipur nautas malad rukuid

.4 ajreK isapisitraP takgniT

a ajrek isapisitrap takgniT halad naajrekep malad gnaroeses sativitka

jrekep nakirebid gnay utkaw halmujes nagned rukuid gnay kutnu a

tubesret naajrekep utaus nakukalem .

.5 sirargA rotkeS

sirarga rotkeS gnay rotkes utas halas halada nakanuggnem ayadrebmus

,nagnap nahab utaus iskudorpmem kutnu itayah irtsudni ukab nahab

.igrene rebmus nad iagabes nakitraid nainatrep tipmes itra malaD

ayniskudorpid anam id agraulek nainatrep ahasu utiay taykar nainatrep

( ajiwalap ,sareb itrepes amatu nanakam nahab gnacak ,gnugaj - nagnacak

ibu nad - namanat nad )naibu - nad naruyas utiay arutlukitroh namanat

haub - .nahaub

.6 nanijareK rotkeS

es utas halas halada nanijarek rotkeS k rot ahasu gnay iskudorpmem

malad naparaggnep sesorp iulalem hatnem nahab irad idaj gnarab


8

agrah nagned helorepid tapad tubesret gnarab aggnihes raseb halmuj

gnay utum nagned nikgnum hadneres iggnites - .ayniggnit

.D halasaM nasataB

kadit uata ada gnay halasam adap sukof hibel nashabmep malad ragA

: tukireb iagabes halasam nasatab aynada ulrep akam saib

.1 takaraysam agraw adap nakukalid ini naitileneP id ajerkabmaT ased

psuluB natamaceK hayaliw netapubaK nertnase nemubeK mumu araces

pmas iagabes modnar araces libma id naka gnay le .naitilenep

.2 bairaV le id aynah ajrek isapisitrap halasam adap isatab takgnit ,rumu

ajrek maj halmuj ,nakididnep .hapu halmuj nad

.E naitileneP naujuT

naujut akam ,iapacid naka gnay naitilenep lisah nagned natiakreB

nu halada ini naitilenep naanaskalep iuhategnem kut :

.1 P naadebre takgnit ajrek isapisitrap rumu rotkaf irad tahilid

.2 nakididnep takgnit rotkaf irad tahilid ajrek isapisitrap takgnit naadebreP

.3 hapu halmuj rotkaf irad tahilid ajrek isapisitrap takgnit naadebreP

.4 irad tahilid ajrek isapisitrap takgnit naadebreP rotkes nad sirarga rotkes

nanijarek

.F naitileneP taafnaM

naanaskalep lisah irad libmaid tapad gnay taafnam munru araceS

haimli isamrofni iagabes nakanugid tapad nakparahid naitilenep . aB ig

d takaraysam utas halas iagabes nakanugid tapad nakparahid ajerkabmaT ase

hakgnal libmagnem kutnu nagnabmitrep rasad - hakgnal nagnubuh malad


9

anug SEDMEP igab aynsusuhk ajrek isapisitrap natakgninep nagned

nad lida takaraysam dujuwret aggnihes sigetarts nakajibek hara nakutnenem

.rumkam


01

II BAB

AKATSUP NAIJAK

.A traP isinifeD isapisi ajreK

atresnarep ,naatrestukiek halada isapisitraP a gnay natabilretek uat

naaadaek nagned natikreb aynhairihal utiay p isapisitrap pisnirp naitregne

napahat rula uata sesorp malad fitka araces narepreb takaraysam halada

um ,aynnasawagnep nad margorp ,naanacnerep ,isasilaisos pahat irad ial

nagnabmus nakirebmem nagned nataigek nairatselep nad ,naanaskalep

kip ,aganet liretam kutneb malad uata ,nari . atresnarep ,ini amaleS

aisunam aynitra ,tipmes gnay sketnok malad tahilid aynah takaraysam

ayaib ignarugnem kutnu rasak aganet iagabes gnadnapid pukuc

.nanugnabmep

adap ”satabret“ takaraysam isapisitrap ,ini isidnok nagneD

gorp naparenep uata isatnemelpmi nakgnabmekid kadit takaraysam ;mar

nasutupek amirenem surah nad aynirid malad irad fitaerk idajnem aynayad

gnay kutneb idajnem isapisitrap ,aynrihkA .”raul kahip“ libmaid hadus gnay

kutnU .)4002 ,naidsaN( ”sitirk naradasek“ ikilimem kadit nad fisap

erognem isapisitrap iankamem )4002( naidsaN ,tubesret naitregnep isk

,iridnes satinumok agraw helo libmaid fitaisini ,fitka sesorp iagabes

anaras nakanuggnem nagned ,iridnes akerem rikifreb arac helo gnibmibid

tapad akerem anamid )emsinakem nad agabmel( sesorp nad naksagenem

:nakirogetakid tapad tubesret isapisitraP .fitkefe araces lortnok amatreP ,

uata nakrikipid halet gnay nakadnit malad naktabilid satinumok agraw


11

.nial gnaro helo lortnokid nad nial gnaro helo gnacnarid audeK , isapisitrap

tnebmep sesorp nakapurem akerem halasam irad raulek kutnu nataukek naku

)7791( ffohpU nad nehoC ,uti aratnemeS .iridnes malad )3002( ainatnI

:utiay ,napahat aparebeb malad ek isapisitrap igabmem

.1 nagned nakdujuwid gnay )naanacnerep( nasutupek nalibmagnep pahaT

ysam naatrestukiek tapar malad takara - .tapar

.2 :apureb isapisitrap atayn dujuw nagned naanaskalep pahaT

.a .narikip nagnabmus kutneb malad isapisitraP

.b .iretam nagnabmus kutneb malad isapisitraP

.c .keyorp atoggna iagabes natabilretek kutneb malad isapisitraP

.3 rotakidni iagabes nakidaj id tapad gnay ,lisah itamkinem pahaT

nad naanacnerep pahat adap takaraysam isapisitrap nalisahrebek

takaraysam isisop tahilem nagned ,uti nialeS .keyorp naanaskalep

keyorp taafnam raseb nikames akam ,nanugnabmep keybus iagabes

nay .narasas ianegnem lisahreb tubesret keyorp itrareb nakasarid g

.4 adap takaraysam isapisitrap babes gnitnep paggnaid ,isaulavE pahaT

nakusam irebmem tapad gnay kilab napmu iagabes paggnaid ini pahat

nakiabrep imed .ayntujnales keyorp naanaskalep

sekreB lad ma sekreB .la .te takaraysam isapisitrap igabmem )1002(

:tukireb iagabes level hujut idajnem

.1 lortnoc itinumoC kutnu takaraysam adapek nakisageled id naasaukek :

adap tubeset nasutupek nakisamrofnignem nad nasutupek taubmem

.hatniremep


21

.2 pihsrentraP amasreb takaraysam nad hatniremep : - malad amas

.nasutupek nataubmep

.3 yrosivdA : adapek tahisan nakusam nakirebmem takaraysam

aynhunepes nasutupek ipatet ,nasutupek taubmem malad hatniremep

.hatniremep adap ada

.4 :evitacinumoC ra aud isakinumok narakutrep lacol naitahrep ;ha

.naalolegnp naanacnerep malad nakhabmesrepid

.5 evitarepooC : .)aganet( naalolegnep malad kusamret takaraysam

.6 evitatlusnoC : nagned isatlusnokreb hatniremep anamid emsinakem

hatniremep helo taubid nasutupek hurules ipatet ,nayalen arap .

.7 evitamrofnI : nasutupek awhab isamrofni naktapadnem takaraysam

.taub id pais halet hatniremep

.B nad takaraysaM libmaiD gnaY isgnuF igeS iraD uajnitiD isapisitraP

ukaleP/takaraysaM isavitoM

elo libmaid gnay isgnuf iges irad uajnitid tapad isapisitraP nad ukalep h

tapad isapisitrap iroet araceS .isapisitrap ukalep is isavitom iges irad

hibel kutnU .iggnit gnay iapmas hadner gnilap gnay takgnit irad nakturuid

gnisam ankam gnatnet nauajnit nakiaruid tukireb aynsalej - sinej gnisam

.tubesret isapisitrap traP takaraysam libmaid gnay isgnuf irad uajnitid isapisi

)ukalep( u takaraysam helo libmaid tapad gnay isgnuf ,margorp utaus kutn

eb malad :halai nial aratna isapisitrapr


31

.1 .nanugnabmep lisah itamkinem malad atres narepreB

aumes aneraK takaraysam akam raul kahip helo nakajrekid hadus

gnudeg aynlasiM .nanugnabmep lisah apureb idaj amirenem laggnit

amiret laggnit takaraysam ,namanat natibibmep ,BK sop ,mad ,halokes

d ,ayntibib na s ayniagabe itamkinem numan ,hadum salej ini isapisitraP .

uleb .arahilemem itrareb m

.2 nanugnabmep margorp nakanaskalem malad atres narepreB .

nakajregnem hadus ,takaraysam raul kahip anerak idajret ini laH

.margorp nahutubek aumes nakaideynem nad ,naanacnerep ,napaisrep

ti haletes nad ,nakanaskalem laggnit takaraysaM urab u tapad itamkinem

.aynlisah takaraysam ,)nasaregnep( nalaj nugnabmem malaD :aynlasiM

,hamur naragumeP .utab nakiparem/atanem nad nalaj nakatarem tuki

tala gnasamem laggnit takaraysam - nakaidesid hadus gnay nahab/tala

.lld

.3 ilemem malad atres narepreB margorp lisah arah

malad tabilret kadit takaraysam ualak igalapa ,tilus hibel isgnuF

,nalipmaretek iaynupmem kadit anerak ajas nakub tiluS .naanaskalep

kadit asarem akerem anerak gnitnep hibel gnay ipatet margorp ikilimem

.tubesret aysam aynasaiB :aynlasiM utas arahilemem aidesreb takar

malad naigab libma tuki akerem akij ased id mumu kilim gnudeg

hotnoC .nahab naigabes gnabmuynem tuki nakhab ,aynnugnabmem

irad( namanat tibib arahilemem nad mananem aidesreb takaraysam ,igal


41

akaraysam ualak )natibibmep keyorp isapisitrapreb uata nabrokreb tuki t

.nakanaskalid nad nakpaisrepid natibibmep amales

.4 libmaid gnadak ini isgnuF .margorp ialinem malad atres narepreB

: anerak takaraysam

- margorp araggneleynep helo atnimiD

- agned iauses kadit margorp asarem takaraysaM ipatet( aynisaripsa n

iynubmes araces nakukalid aynasaib ini lah - .)iynubmes

.C ajreK isapisitraP takgniT

turuneM uata )KPT( ajreK isapisitraP takgniT )63:5891( katnujnamiS

etaR noitapicitraP ecrof ruobaL utnetret kududnep kopmolek utaus )RPFL(

halada abrep malad kududnep nagned ajrek natakgna halmuj aratna nagnidn

SJ namayaP tujnal hibeL .amas gnay kopmolek malad ajrek aisu

halmuj halada )KPT( ajrek isapisitrap takgnit takgnis araces naksalejnem

kopmolek malad ajrek aganet halmuj nagned igabid ajrek natakgna gnay

.amas :tukireb iagabes idajnem sumur malad nakukab id aliB

ajrek natakgna halmuJ = KPT %001 X

ajrek aganet halmuJ

j raseb nikames ,KPT raseb nikameS malad ajrek natakgna halmu

gnay kududnep halmuj raseb nikames aynkilabeS .amas gnay kopmolek

gnay raseb nikames aggnat hamur surugnem gnay nad halokeseb hisam

nad ,ajrek natakgna halmuj licek nikames ,ajrek natakgna nakub gnologret

licek nikames aynkilabes .KPT


51

.1 KPT nad rumU

alum KPT - rumu nahabmatrep nagned iauses takgninem alum ,

isnep aisu gnalejnem ilabmek nurunem naidumek u .aut rumu uata n

aynrasad adap ini rumu nahabmatrep nagned nalajes KPT natakgnineP

kames amatrep gnay utiay lah aud helo ihuragnepid takgnit iggnit ni

audek gnay nad ,halokesreb gnay kududnep takgnit licek nikames ,rumu

agraulek padahret aynbawajgnuggnat akam gnaroeses aut nikames

.raseb nikames idajnem

.2 KPT nad nakididneP takgniT

ihuragnepmem nakididneP amatreP .rulaj aud iulalem KPT isroporp ,

adap raseb hibel aynmumu halokesreb gnades gnay kududnep

nagned audeK .halokes aisu kopmolek uata adum rumu kopmolek

am nikames idajnem aynutkaw ialin ,gnaroeses ayniggnit nikames ,lah

fitaler aynutkaw gnay gnaro kutnu gnurednec laham hibel

ggnem ajrekeb kutnu aygnaggnes utkaw nakitna )tcefE noitutitbuS( .

id atayn hibel amaturet ini huragneP atinaW .atinaw nagnalak

hamur surugnem hamurid laggnit kadit iggnit nakididnepreb ,aggnat

isroporp akam naikimed nagneD .ajrek rasap ek kusam ipatet naka

udnep nial nad aggnat hamur surugnem gnologret gnay kud - ,nial

isroporp aggnihes nakididnep ayntakgninem nagned iauses gnarukreb

iauses takgninem KPT uata ajrek natakgna gnologret gnay kududnep

.nakididnep takgnit nagned


61

.3 KPT nad hapU takgniT

u takgnit nakianeK iulalem ajrek aganet naaideynep ihuragnepmem hap

kahip utas id hapu takgnit nakianeK .nanawalreb gnilas gnay ayad aud

natapadnep naktakgninem )tceffe emocnI( kutnu gnurednec gnay

utkaw agrah taubmem hapu natakgninep nial kahp iD .KPT ignarugnem

fitaler ham .la

.D ajreK isapisitraP sisilanA

isidnok nagned aynnatiak malad ajrek isapisitrap sisilanA

takgnit anerak nakukalid kutnu kiranem gnay lah nakapurem naimonokerep

naaidesretek adap gnutnagreb gnurednec ajrek isapisitrap alop nad

debrep nad ajrek natapmesek natapadnep helorepmem natutnut adap naa

natakgna malad naupmerep isapisitrap ,aynlasiM .kududnep kopmolek ratna

naniwakrep sutats turunem ,rumu kopmolek ratna adebreb gnurednec ajrek

ikal nagned nakgnidnabid ,idaJ .nakididnep takgnit naadebrep nad - ,ikal

it anerak aynah kadit ,hadner hibel gnurednec naupmerep isapisitrap takgn

arageN raseb naigabes id aggnathamur malad akerem adnag narep

kutnu naupmerep nemtimok nagned natiakreb aguj ipatet ,gnabmekreb

ednec naupmereP .aynnapudihek amales ajrek isapisitrapreb irad raulek gnur

nad nakrihalem ,naniwakrep asam ikusamem akerem akitek ajrek rasap

ek ilabmek naka akerem nanikgnumek naidumek nad ,kana nakrasebmem

kana akitek ajrek ainud - naiapacnep ayntakgnineM .raseb pukuc hadus kana

aguj naupmerep nakididnep takgnit ayntakgninem helo ituikid aynasaib

naadebrep ayntujnaleS .ajrek natakgna malad naupmerep isapisitrap takgnit


71

halas gnay atok nad ased ratna isairavreb aguj ajrek natakgna naraseb

.natapadnep helorepmem natapmesek naadebrep aynada nakbabesid aynutas

gnisam adap ajrek isapisitrapreb malad nasutupek nalibmagneP - gnisam

.nial amas utas adebreb gnurednec agraulek ,nasutupek libmagnem malaD

nanikgnumek uata nasutupek nakgnabmitrepmem aynasaib gnaroeses

asutupek nakgnabmitrepmem aynasaib gnaroeses ,nasutupek uata n

malad nial atoggna helo libmaid naka gnay nasutupek nanikgnumek

: aynlasim nakpatenem gnay agraulek nasutupek haladA .agraulek

.1 gnipmas id nahabmat naajrekep iracnem ulrep imaus gnas awhaB

kana surugnem tapad ubi ayapus ada hadus gnay hunep naajrekep - kana

;aggnat hamur nad

.2 id awhaB nupualaw( ajrekeb ulrep ubi gnas akam ,kapab gnipmas

t agraulek ayapus )hunep kat ajrekep iagabes upmam tubesre

;iggnit naurugrep ek kana nakhalokeynem

.3 nad( naajrekep iracnem ulrep aggnat hamur malad autret kana awhaB

ayapus )anajras takgnit id aynhalokes naksutumem surah uti babes helo

kida - naksurenem tapad aynkida nial nad ;aynhalokes - .nial

meseK aynaidesret kutneb malad nimrecret tapad akubret gnay natap

ubi kutnu ajrek natapmesek ,hunep kadit nad hunep ajrek( ajrek nagnowol

nahital nad nakididnep natapmesek nad ).lld ,hapu takgnit ,kana nad

adnehekid gnay nasuruj ,laggnit tapmet ratikes halokes( pitaler gnay nad ,ik

satilisaf nad ajrek natapmesek malad nagnarukek ,kahip nial iD .)harum

tapad nasatabretek ,uti gnipmas iD .nasatabretek nakapurem nakididnep


81

ab nikames aggnihes licek gnay agraulek nalisahgnep kutnebreb kayn

gnay agraulek atoggna turut tapad gnay tikides nikames uata /nad ajrekeb

.halokes naksurenem

.E naasedeP takaraysaM

turuneM b )58:5891( oyruS nakbabeynem halet rotkaf iagabre

natatekek )ytidiger( nad lanoisidart gnay ased laaisos rutkuts

ataki sapelem nikames gnay ased nagnurednecek .aynsatilanumok n

kartnok nagnubuh iagabreb habugnem halet gnau imonoke nalanekreP

gnay nahaburep isadnalem tubesret nahabureP .laisremok tafisreb gnay

nagnapmiteK .ayntukireb asam adap maladnem hibel - gnay nagnapmitek

b nakkujnunem halet naasedep id lucnum ialum naasedep haread id awha

naresegrep idajret - nainatrep rotkesid nataigek irad ,nataigek naresegrep

naasedep id awhab nakkujnunem ini naadaeK .nainatrep non rotkesek

gnay ,naajrekep uata nairahacnep atam sinej magar iagabreb lubmit ialum

greb igal kadit .hanat nakilimep nad nainatrep ahasu adap gnutna

hayaliw utaus adap kujnunem kutnu ased tubeynem gnires atiK

nakgnutnaggnem raseb naigabes ,aynkududnep gnay licekret isartsinimda

halada ased takaraysam mumu kitsiretkaraK .nainatrep ahasu irad pudih

ksimek ;utiay ,lah aparebeb nakbabesid gnay nagnakalebretek nad nanik

ayak gnay aratna malad gnay nagnajnesek aratna ,hadner gnay natapadnep

gnay taykar isapisitrap nad ,satiroyam halada niksim gnay ,niksim nad

ahasu malad minim - p nakukalid gnay nanugnabmep ahasu hatnireme


91

.)4:2991 ,la.ta ,lugaH( pudih nautukesrep nakapurem ased takaraysaM

.napudihgnep nad napudihek atat malad narutaretek alages nagned

id naasedep takaraysam imonoke laisos amatu isgnuf utas halaS

kudorp iagabreb nataigek nakukalem halada aisenodnI rotkes amaturet ,is

nahutubek ihunemem kutnu ayniskudorp lisah isatneiro nagned ,nainatrep

rasap , nagneD .saul hibel gnay nial takgnit uata iridnes ased takgnitid kiab

nataigek malad aynamatu nataigek alibapa ,itregnemid halhadum naikimed

ep nad nahalognep nahal nataafnam - laisos isgnuf anerak ,nainatrep nahal

akam ,sata id tubesret lah itrepes naasedep takaraysam amatu imonoke

takaraysam napudihek malad gnitnep gnilap gnay amatu kisif ayad rebmus

nainatrep nahal uata hanat halada tubesret naasedep . K turuneM gnisee

661 ,9991( - )861 takaraysam nakukalid gnay nataigek utaus aynmizal ,

naktabilem gnay nahilip utaus nakapurem aynnapudihek gnaponem kutnu

sesorp - ,aynainud ipadahgnem malad nasutupek nalibmagnep sesorp

aynupmem nad sitkarp gnilap gnay arac nagned nakhab .gnusgnal naujut i

adap gnutnagret ini nahilip nad ,nahilip taubmem naka utnet aisunaM

ialin metsis nad aynnagnitnepek ,iretam naadaek . idajret tapad aggniheS

naadebrep iapmujid amas gnay nagnukgnil nasawak utaus adap - naadebrep

.takaraysam nataigek


02

.F snoK pe sirargA/nainatreP

pesnok ,ini imub id nainatrep aynnakgnabmekid lawa kajeS

haliraciD .aisunam nagnap nahutubek nahunemep halada aynamatrep

arac iagabreb nad iratsel patet ini ainud id ada gnay nagnap ayapus raga

nahaburep ayniadnatid nagned aynialumem abrup napudiheK .sibah kadit

.haread utaus id patenem idajnem hadnipreb nad gnadalreb irad pudih alop

ay rasad rotkes idajnem nainatrep ,ini lawa pesnok adaP nakapurem gn

rotkes irad nakajip - rotkes irad ’hartif‘ utaus gnamem ini anerak nial rotkes

nainatrep nakbabeynem ini laH .nainatrep itrepes ayad rebmus sisabreb

.orkam imonoke nakajibek malad ek kiab pukuc isargetniret

pesnok naratat adap ,uti anerak helO asib nainatrep ,ini rasad

sahabmem aynah nakub nredom nainatrep pesnok ,iniK .tasep gnabmekreb

seiseps naailumep nad aisunam nagnap nahutubek nahunemep kutnu ahasu

inatahasu isasilamitpo arac anamiagab hara ek hibel hadus ipatet ,nainatrep

klisahgnem kutnu satilauk iges irad kiab ,utumreb gnay nagnap nahab na

natakgninep ahasu kusamret aguj aynmalad iD .satitnauk nupuam

halinI .neisife nad fitkefe hibel nalajreb nainatrep raga nainatrep igolonket

akapurem ini pesnoK .ayntujnales nainatrep pesnok nagnabmekrep n

iridnes nalajreb nasekret gnay lawa pesnok aud irad nagnubaggnep - iridnes

nad tesir aratna tare gnay natiakretek aynada gnaruk tahilret aynlawa adaP

nenap lisah natakgninep nagned nainatrep igolonket nagnabmegnep .

ahasu ,lanoisevnok haimli sisilana malaD iagabreb malad igab id inat

ilha irad lanoiseforp tudus nagned gnadnap id nad umli nilpisid macam


12

kadit urtsuj inatep ,aynkilabeS .lld ,imonoke ,hanat ,isirtun ,imonorga

iagabes inat ahasu paggnagnem akerem ,susuhk nailhek gnadib ikilimem

lesek ahasu utaus adap irad hibel ialin ikilimem ini nahurulsek nad nahuru

naigab halmuj - radekes halnakub inat ahasu arap tahilid gnay naigab

apa tupni nakirebmem asib gnaro anamid ,naweh nad namanat nalupmuk

.gnusgnal lisah nakparahgnem naidumek nad ajas

.1 nainatreP metsiS

ialiN - ,nalipmartek ,nauhategnep ,naasedep takaraysam ialin

nainatrep ayadub sinej ihuragnepmem tagnas isutitsni nad ,igolonket

s halitsi gnabmekreb suret halet gnay i adap ucagnem naiatrep mets

( inat ahasu nataigek irad susuhk nanusus utaus ayadidub aynlasim

alolekid gnay )nainatrep lisah nahalognep ,nakanretep ,namanat

oisos nad sigoloib ,kisif nagnukgnil naupmamek nakrasadreb

ayad rebmus nad naupmamek naujut nagned iauses atres simonoke

inatep ikilimid gnay .

akapid inisid nainatrep halitsI itupilem gnay saul itra malad i

aynnial mala ayad rebmus aguj ipatet kanret nad namanat aynah nakub

amasreb ikilimid gnay ayad rebmus kusamret ,inatep adap ada gnay

adebreb kadit nainatrep metsys malad inat ahasu nupikseM .nial gnaro

paites ,nial amas utas ayad rebmus ikilimem nagnaroesrep inat ahasu

pait aynanerak helO .adebreb gnay aisunam nad ,sigoloib ,kisif - pait

utauS .kinu gnay inat ahasu metsys utaus nakapurem uti inat ahasu

isanibmok utaus ,kinu gnay metsidsoke ogra nakapurem inat ahasu


22

ayad rebmus kutneb itrepes sigoloib nad kisif - ,ria ,hanat ,nahal kutneb

ilep nad rail( naweh nad nahubmut h nepmem nagneD .)naara ihurag

nenopmok - is ogra nenopmok aggnat hamur ayniskaretni nad ini mets

nad gnugaj ,ialedek ,idap itreps kudorp uata lisah naktapadnem inatep

ilep naweh h .kanret naara

.2 inaT aggnaT hamuR naujuT

lisah nad sesorp nagned naanekreb aggnat hamur utaus naujuT

.nasutupek nalibmagnep kejbo sugilakes tasup nakapurem inat ahasu

nahutubek ikilimem aynmaladid udividni pait nad aggnat hamur paiT

igniek nad naataynrep nad nakanit irad tahilid numaN .susuhk nan

malad silut id gnay kiab ,tipmes nahal nagned inatep aggnat hamur

inatep aggnat hamuR .iridnes iuhatek imak gnay nupuam rutaretil

asib gnay naujut macam iagabreb ikilimem amasreb araces aynkapmat

ologid : tukireb igabes nakgnologid nakgn

.a itkudorP v sati

vitkudorP nautas rep lisah nakapurem sati .ajrek aganet ,nahal

im( ladoM gnau aynlasim aynnial tupni uata utkaw )gnau ,hanat las

nut ah rusnu nad ria ,igrene ,ia .)ar

.b nanamaeK

mem itrareb naamaek iracneM uata iskudorp okiser naklamini

p magarek tabika iagabes naigurek uata imonoke ,sigoloke sesor

sos .lai


32

.c nagnubmaniseK

naknignignem gnay inataeP kana nad akerem raga - asib aynkana

nautnetek ikilimem akerem pudih arac naktujnalem d mala

is isnetop naknahatrepmem naklisahgnem kutnu ,inat ahasu mets

ilikawem gnay ayad rebmus naknahatrepmem malad utiay kudorp

.akrem inat ahasu ladom

.d satitnedI

ifedid satitnedI is anamid takgnit igabes nakisin nadinat ahasu mets

kinket - es nainatrep kinket ales ,nagnarorep arac ayadub nagned sar

v nad tapmetes .mala id akerem nakududek padahret takaraysam isi

.3 nainatrep nanugnabmep 3 pahaT

.nainatrep nanugnabmep nagnabmekrep pahat 3 adA pahaT

itkudorp gnay lanoisidart nainatrep halada amatrep f .hadner aynsati

enagnep pahat audek pahaT laujid gnay inatep kudorp namagarak

kes ek .hadner igolonket nad ,ladom naiakamep ipatet ,laisremok rot

nredom nainatrep nakrabmaggnem gnay pahat halada agit ek pahaT

helo nakbabes id gnay iggnit tagnas aynsatifitkudorp gnay

akamep ini pahat adaP .alup iggnit gnay igolonket nad ladom nai

id aynhurules nainatrep kudorp naulrepek inayalem kutnu kujur

.laisremok rasap


42

.4 tarayS - nainatrep nanugnabmep tarays

hsoM .T.A e daysrA malad )5691( r ( 9991 333: sisilanagnem )

tarays - ys id naka amatrep akij nainatrep nanugnabmep tara

tarays nakkopmolegnem ruhsoM .kiab nagned nakgnabmek - tarays

tubesret nanugnabmep tarays utiay aud idajnem tarays nad kaltum

.racnalep

tarayS :halada uti kaltum

.a lisah kutnu rasap aynadA - inat ahasu lisah

.b gnabmekreb asaitnanes gnay igolonkeT

.c nahab aynaidesreT - tala nad nahab - lacol araces iskudorp tala

.d inatep igab iskidorp gnasgnarep aynadA

.e uynitnok nad recnal gnay natukgnagnep aynaidesreT

tarayS : racnalep

.a nanugnabmep nakididneP

.b skuorp tiderK i

.c gnotog nataigeK - inatep gnoyor

.d P nainatrep hanat nasaulrep nad nakiabre

.e nainatrep nanugnabmep lanoisan naanacnereP

.5 nainatreP nareP

irotsih namalagnep nakrasadreB arageN irad s - apa tarab aragen

i imonoke nanugnabmep iagabes tubesid gnay ned kitned nag

kurts isamrofsnart irad inkay ,naimonokerep padahret tapec gnay larut

idajnem nainatrep nataigek adap upmutreb gnay naimonokerep


52

takaraysam nanayalep nad nredom irtsudni .skelpmok hibel gnay

iagabes paggnaid ayah nainatrep amatu narep naikimed nagneD

us agnap nahab nad ajrek aganet rebm gnabmekreb imed harum gnay n

kes udni rot kes iagabes naktabonid gnay irts simanid naluggnu rot

.nahurulesek races imonoke nanugnabmep igetarts malad

adap nasadnalid gnay imonoke nanugnabmep igetarts utauS

es k adit gnilap naajrek aganetek nad nainatrep rot k 3 nakulremem

: inkay rasad pakgnelep rusnu

.a naiauseynep naiakgnares iulalem tuptuo nahubmutrep natapecreP

gnacnarid susuhk gnay agrah fisetni nad lanoisutitsnsi igolonket

itkudorp naktakgninem kutnu v .licek inatep arap sati

.b itsemod natnimrep natakgnineP k gnay nainatrep tuptuo padahret

gnay naatokrep nanugnabmep igetarats irad naklisahid

.naajrek aganetek naanibmep ayapu adap nakisatneiroreb

.c gnay naasedep haread nanugnabmep nataigek isakivisrefiD tafisreb

dit nad gnusgnal araces gnay nainatrep non utiay ,ayrak tadap ka

id nad gnajnunem naa gusgnal gnajnut .nainatrep takaraysam helo


62

.G naasedeP irtsudnI

aynayad rebmus sisabreb gnay licek irtsudni halada naasedep irtsudnI

amret gnay ,naasedep id adareb .irtsudni akena nupuam irtsudni orga kus

uj tubesret isinifed iraD sudni awab naklupmisid tapad ag naasedep irt

ladom nagned iskudorp satifitka nakukalem gnay licek ahasu nakapurem

icek ahasu gnatnet uluhad hibelret ijakid ulrep uti kutnU .naasedep id licek .l

:utiay aisenodnI id lanekid gnay licek ahasu isinifed aud adA amatreP ,

de turunem licek ahasu isinif naanibmep gnatnet 5991 nuhaT 9 .oN UU

nakirebmem ,licek ahasu : tukireb iagabes halada licek irtsudni isinefed

.1 02 pR lamiskam hisreb naayakek ikilimeM hanat kusamret kadit ,atuj 0

.ahasu tapmet nanugnab nad

.2 .raylim 1 pR kaynab gnilap nanuhat nalaujnep ikilimeM

.3 nad iridnes iridreb ,aisenodnI aragen agraw helo alolekid uata ikilimiD

kadit gnay ahasu nadab uata nagnarorep ahasu kutnebreb

nadabreb v ukuh .isarepok mukuh nadabreb uata m

gnadnu - gnadnu ON 9 T 991 nuha halada licek ahasu gnatnet 5

SPB( kitsitatS tasuP nadaB irogetak audeK nataigek 8991: licek ahasu )

.aggnat hamur irtsudni nad licek irtsudni nagned kitnedi

ahasu ianegnem isinifed aparebeb itadneK aynkaga numan ,licek

pmah kitsiretkarak iaynupmem licek ahasu i utiay magares r

.a nad isartsinimda gnadib aratna salej gnay sagut naigabmep ada kadiT

isarepo


72

.b agabmel padahret licek irtsudni seska aynhadneR - tiderk agabmel

ahasu naayaibmep nakanuggnem gnurednec akerem aggnihes lamrof

rebmus uata iridnes ladom irad - ,tabarek,agraulek itrepes nial rebmus

.rinetner nakhab aratnarep gnagadep

.c ek ahasu raseb naigabeS sutats ikilimem muleb nagned iadnatid lic

.mukuh

.d tahiliD irad pmah awhab kapmat irtsudni nagnolog i naigab agitrepes r

,nanakam ,ahasu kopmolek adap karegreb licek irtsudni hurules irad

kopmolek nagned itukiid ulal uakabmet nad ,namunim gnarab irtsudni

ag ad litsket irtsudni ,magol nakub nail n bmab ,uyak irtsudni u ,nator ,

gnisam aggnat hamur natobarep kusamret aynsinejes nad ,tupmur -

irtsudni hurules irad %22 aggnih %12 aratna rasikreb gnisam k gnay lice

.ada

.H narikimeP akgnareK

nasalejneP - ta id nasalejnep sa idajnem iakgnarid tapad haubes

nahalasamrep utaus idajnem naka ayntujnales gnay narikimep akgnarek

m ianegnem amet takgnagnem malad urab adebreb gnay ased takaraysa

ased nad sirarga ased itrepes adebreb gnay ajrek isapisitrap ikilimem

U .irtsudni sirarga asib ini nasilunep raga salej araces nakrabaggnem kutn

akam hararet :tukireb iagabes narikimep akgnarek nakanuggnem silunep


82

1.2 ,rabmaG ikimeP akgnareK r na

G awhab nakkujnunem tubesret rabma p ajrek isapisitra ased takarasam

rotkes adap sirarga a rotkes nad y nanijarek sirarg ased id tapadret gna

ojerkabmaT eK tapadret nemubeK netapubaK nertnasepsuluB natamac

naadebrep gnay ajrek isapisitrap p halmuj irad tahilid hapu ,rumu ,ajreke

naajrekep nad .

.I H sisetopi

sisetopih naksumurid tapad akam ,narikimep akgnarek nakrasadreB

:tukireb iagabes

H1 : A ad naadebrep takgnit ajrek isapisitrap rumu rotkaf irad tahilid .

H2 : naadebrep adA takgnit takgnit irad tahilid ajrek isapisitrap

.nakididnep

rotkeS nanijareK rotkeS sirargA

ajreK isapisitraP

rumU nakididneP takgniT

hapU naajrekeP


92

H3 : A naadebrep ad takgnit ajrek isapisitrap hapu halmuj irad tahilid .

H4 : adA naadebrep takgnit ajrek isapisitrap rotces irad tahilid sirarga

)naajrekep( nanijarek rotkes nad .


03

III BAB

OTEM ED NAITILENEP

.A sineJ naitileneP

sineJ edoteM .fitarapmok fitpirksed naitilenep halada ini naitilenep

tafisreb gnay edotem halada fitarapmok fitpirksed naitilenep otcaf tsop xe

.gnusgnalreb iaseles halet naidajek aumes haletes naklupmukid atad aynirta

ijugnem nad anemonef utaus irad tabika tahilem tapad ini naitileneP

atad irad tabika babes nagnubuh - fitpirksed naitilenep sineJ .ada gnay atad

kgnidnabmem kutnu nakukalid fitarapmok kejbo( lebairav utaus na

.adebreb gnay utkaw uata adebreb gnay kejbus aratna ,)naitilenep

.B kejbuS d jbO na ke naitileneP

buS j lah malad sirarga ased takaraysam halada ini naitilenep malad ke

id ased nakapurem gnay ajerkabmaT ased takaraysam halada ini aliw hay

.nemubeK netapubaK akerem anerak naitilenep kejbus nahilimep nasalA

malad amas gnay kitsiretkarak iaynupmem takgnit utiay ajrek isapisitrap

tahilid irad ,rumu rotkaf ad ajrek maj halmuj ,nakididnep takgnit halmuj n

hapu .ajrek bO j halasam adap nakharaid ini naitilenep malad ke takgnit

ased takaraysam ajrek isapisitrap ,rumu :kepsa halada ini lah malad gnay

.hapu halmuj nad ajrek maj halmuj ,nakididnep takgnit


13

.C naitileneP lepmaS nad isalupoP

.1 isalupoP

ni naitilenep malad isalupoP ased takaraysam agraw halada i

ajerkabmaT ces a nahurulesek ar K hayaliw id .baK nertnasepsuluB .ce

reb aynaumes gnay nemubeK )KK( agrauleK alapeK 599 halmuj gnay

rotkes 876 irad iridret 713 nad sirarga rotkes .nanijarek

.2 lepmaS

a lepmaS uata naigabes halad itiletid gnay isalupop likaw

naigab halada lepmas )3002( malasruN turunem uata )6002 ,otnukirA(

keybo iagabes nakanugrepid tapad gnay uakgnajret isalupop irad

.gnilpmas iulalem itilenep halmuJ nakutnetid tapad lepmas naruku

nivolS sumur nakanuggnem nagned )28 :4002( ,tamhkaR malad iagabes

:tukireb

21 eNNn

: nagnareteK

lepmas naruku = n

isalupop naruku = N

esatnesorp = e agraulek alapek nalibmagnep nahalasek anerak naitiletek

anerak %01 utiay naknigniid uata rirelotid tapad gnay lepmas

el isalupop halmuj gnaro 001 irad hib agraulek alapek 599 utiay .


23

id sumur iraD :tukireb iagabes lepmas naruku nakutnetid tapad sata

0959,01

599%015991

5992n

ilunep akam tubesret nagnutihrep rasad iraD agnem s lepmas libm

halmuj ilikawem kutnu gnaro 09 iatnimid naka gnay nednopser

renoisiuk nakirebmem nagned napaggnat nakiranep malad kinkeT .

hilipid lepmas utiay lanoisoporp kaca lepmas nakanuggnem lepmas

nagned isalupop aumes irad kaca uata modnar araces .idnuid arac

nanikgnumek iaynupmem naigab uata rusnu paites ini kinket nagneD

.lepmas idajnem kutnu amas gnay natapmesek nad

.D O isinifeD lanoisarep lebairaV

.1 rumU

jes gnutihid gnay gnaroeses aisu halada rumU iapmas rihal ka

id gnay naadaek igni n .nak licek nikames ,rumu takgnit iggnit nikameS

aut nikames audek gnay nad ,halokesreb gnay kududnep takgnit

nikames idajnem agraulek padahret aynbawajgnuggnat akam gnaroeses

.raseb taubmem itilenep akam rumu adap ankam nakirebmem kutnU

naialinep amron gnatner :tukireb iagabes

lebaT 3 rumU nairogetakgneP 1.

rumU irogetaK

51 – nuhat 52

62 - nuhat 94

sata ek nuhat 05

ajameR

asaweD

auT

:rebmuS .)12 :9891( onowraS


33

.2 nakididneP takgniT

m malad gnaroeses gnajneJ lamrof araces kiab nakididnep hupmene

T .lamrof kadit nupuam ajrek isapisitrap takgni nagned iauses takgninem

.nakididnep takgnit nakididnep takgnit adap ankam nakirebmem kutnU

:tukireb iagabes naialinep amron gnatner taubmem itilenep akam

3 lebaT kgneP 2. nakididneP takgniT nairogeta

nakididneP takgniT irogetaK

DS , PMS

ATLS

rasaD

hagneneM

:rebmuS :0102( nidufirayS 67 ).

.3 hapU halmuJ

haladA halmuj gnau iagabes amiretid gnay ajrek aganet itnaggnep

kahip utas id hapu takgnit nakianeK .naajrekep sativitka utaus malad

natapadnep naktakgninem )tceffe emocnI( kutnu gnurednec gnay

ignarugnem ajrek isapisitrap takgnit . adap ankam nakirebmem kutnU

on gnatner taubmem itilenep akam hapu :tukireb iagabes naialinep amr

3.3 lebaT hapU nairogetakgneP

hapU irogetaK

05 000. - 001 000. uggnim /

101 000. - 002 000. uggnim /

102 000. - 003 000. uggnim /

hadneR

gnadeS

iggniT

:rebmuS :0102( nidufirayS 89 )


43

.4 ajreK isapisitraP takgniT

malad gnaroeses sativitka halada ajreK isapisitraP takgniT

ajrekep nakirebid gnay utkaw halmujes nagned rukuid gnay naajrekep

.tubesret naajrekep utaus nakukalem kutnu m kutnU ankam nakirebmem

adap nanijarek rotkes nad sirarga rotkes adap ajrek isapisitrap takgnit

:tukireb iagabes naialinep amron gnatner taubmem itilenep akam

lebaT 4.3 ajreK isapisistraP takgniT

ajreK isapisitraP takgniT irogetaK

0 – uggnim/maj 02

12 – uggnim/maj 04

14 – uggnim/maj 06

hadneR

gnadeS

iggniT

:rebmuS )311 :0102( nidufirayS B

.E ataD naitileneP ataD nalupmugneP kinkeT naD

.1 remirP ataD

a remirp ataD irad gnusgnal araces helorepid gnay atad halad

.nednopser ini ataD takgnit ,rumu gnatnet renoisiuk nabawaj apureb

ajrek hapu halmuj nad ajrek maj halmuj ,nakididnep takgnit atres

nanijarek rotkes nad sirarga rotkes adap ajrek isapisitrap .

.2 rednukeS ataD

gnukudnep iagabes itilenep igab nakulrepid rednukes ataD

pakgnelek helorepid ini atad rebmuS .naitilenep lisah padahret iroet na

aynlasim nakisakilbupid halet gnay isamrofni rebmus iagabreb irad

apureb nad ased liforp aseD hagneneM akgnaJ nanugnabmeP anacneR

( SEDMJPR ) almuj ,ased mumu narabmag helorepmem anug h


53

t ,kududnep nad nakididnep takgni rotkes adap ajrek isapisitrap takgnit

nanijarek rotkes nad sirarga .

.F ataD nalupmugneP kinkeT

.1 aracnawaW

.gnusgnal tafisreb gnay isavresbo arac nakapurem aracnawaW

W adap nakiausesid tapad nad lebiskelf tafisreb aynasaib aracnawa

nagned salej kadit nednopser aliB .laudividni atres tapmetes isidnok

nagned itnagid tapad akam aracnawawep helo nakujaid gnay naaynatrep

atak - anahredes hibel gnay atak atnet atad iracnem kutnu takgnit gn

nanijarek rotkes nad sirarga rotkes adap ajrek isapisitrap .

.2 isatnemukoD

arac nagned atad nalupmugnep kinket utiay isatnemukoD

nemukod irajalepmem nad naklupmugnem - id ada gnay nemukod .ased

nemukoD - nad atad helorepmem kutnu irajalepid ada gnay nemukod

nad naropal itupilem tubesret nemukoD .ini naitilenep malad isamrofni

natiakreb gnay lanruj uata narok ,halajam irad lekitra iagabreb uata

ed .naitilenep kipot nagn


63

.G ataD sisilanA kinkeT

ini naitileneP m isapisitrap nakgnidnabmem abocne ajrek

anerak helO .nanijarek siarga ased takaraysam nad sirarga ased takaraysam

ts nakanuggnem ini naitilenep ,uti ( nagnidnabrep idu yduts evitarapmoc .)

aynukub malaD otnukirA naitilenep awhab naksalejnem )742 :9991(

naamasrep nakumenem tapad naka isarapmok - naadebrep nad naamasrep -

adneb gnatnet naadebrep - ,ajrek ,rudesorp gnatnet ,gnaro gnatnet ,adneb

edi gnatnet - k ,edi uata edi utaus padahret ,kopmolek ,gnaro padahret kitir

nakgnidnabmem kutnu ini lah malaD .ajrek rudesorp utaus takgnit

p isapisitra rotces nad sirarga rotkes ajrek nanijarek nagned nakukalid

ihC iju sumur nakanuggnem nagned lebat taubmem - tardauK ihc( - auqs .)er

sumuR ihc - : erauqs

: nagnareteK

X 2 ihc = - erauqs

f 0 atad nakrasadreb isneukerf =

f h nakparahid gnay isneukerf =

naadebrep nakifingis ijugnem kutnu nakanugid ini sumuR

isavresboid gnay isneukerf of ,)atad nakrasadreb helorepid gnay isneukerf(

nakparahid gnay isneukerf nagned .)hf( ataynret nagnutihrep irad alibapA

X agrah awhab 2 X agrah irad raseb hibel 2 iauses ,lebat malad aretret gnay


73

nalupmisek akam ,nakpatetid halet gnay nakifingis farat nagned halada atik

aratna naadebrep ada of nagned hf nagnutihrep irad alib ipatet nakA .

X ialin ataynret 2 farat turunem lebat malad kitirk agrah irad licek hibel

naadebrep ada kadit aynnalupmisek akam ,nakutnetid halet gnay nakifingis

aratna naknikayem gnay of d na hf


83

BAB IV

ASED ISIDNOK NAD MUMU NARABMAG

.A aseD mumU isidnoK

.1 hayaliW sataB nad kateL

id ada gnay ased 12 irad ased utas halas nakapurem ojerkabmaT aseD

.aratu halebes id katelret nad nertnasepsuluB natamaceK hayaliw araceS

akapurem ojerkabmaT ased sifargoeg n s ased utas hala id katelret gnay

luB natamaceK satab ikilimem gnay nertnasepsu - satab hayaliw iagabes

reb :tuki

.a S halebe U nasatabreb arat nagned D ojergnujnaT ase

.b S halebe T b rumi nagned nasatabre D uynabugnaS ase

.c S halebe S nagned nasatabreb natale D rocoB ase

.d S halebe B nagned nasatabreb tara D nignirwetnaR ase

ret ratkeh 52,501 hayaliw saul iaynupmem gnay aseD irad irid

aH 85 saules hawas nad aH 021,74 saules namikumep gnay kududneP .

1 halmujreb 8. 99 j wi a malad rabesret 5 D ,nusu TR 01 nad WR 5 :utiay

.a oL etnaR nusuD r aratu halebes id katelret )TR 2 irad iridret 10 WR(

.b ludiK etnaR nusuD tarab halebes id katelret )TR 2 irad iridret 20 WR(

.c E nusuD tn ka hagnet halebes id katelret )TR 2 irad iridret 30 WR(

.d eK nusuD natulew )TR 2 irad iridret 40 WR(

.e rocaP nusuD ridret 50 WR( rumit halebes id katelret )TR 2 irad i


93

.2 omeD ifarg

D utaus id kududnep sesorp nad rutkurts irajalepmem ifargome

isisopmok nad ,narabesrep ,halmuj itupilem kududnep rutkurtS .hayaliw

: ifargomed sesorp anerak habureb ulales kududnep rutkurtS .kududnep

litref .laisos satilibom nad ,isargim ,satilatrom ,sati

tnaK irad helorepid gnay atad nakrasadreB aseD alapeK ro

ojerkabmaT 02 nuhat rihka aggnih 11 awhab iuhatekid naharulek ikilimem

kaynabes kududnep halmuj 998.1 agraulek alapek halmuj nagned awij

iapacnem 514 KK roL etnaR nusuD naicnir nagned KK 48 tapadret

( 02 42, tapadret ludiK etnaR nusuD id ,)% 49,43( KK 541 id ,)% nusuD

tnE ka 67,81( KK 87 tapadret )% , tapadret natulewaK nusuD id KK 24

( 21,01 nad ) tapadret rocaP nusuD id KK 66 ( 09,51 %) naikimed nagneD .

tapad isid ludiK etnaR nusuD awhab naklupm KK halmuj iaynupmem

ap nusud gnidnabid kaynab gnil al ojerkabmaT aseD id ada gnay aynni .

.3 igolordiH

najuh haruc adap gnutnagret nariagnep lah malad ojerkabmaT aseD

id isagiri akgnades inatep nahutubek ihunemem kutnu isagiri nad libma

ednukes narulas irad r .nignirwetnaR aseD id

.4 hanaT sativitkudorP

inatep halada ojerkabmaT aseD kududnep nairahacnep raseb naigabeS

inatreb naupmamek nagned ada gnay hanat isidnok naktaafnamem gnay

a gnay tail hanat tafisreb hanat rutskeT .iadamem gnay misum adap alibap

.idap namanat kutnu kiab tagnas najuhgnep


04

.5 misuM

misum nad uaramek misum utiay misum 2 ada ojerkabmaT aseD iD

.najuhgnep

.6 aisU turuneM kududneP

lada ini tukireB aseD kududnep atad ha ojerkabmaT gnay kududneP .

kaynab gnilap rumu aratna halada nuhat 62 – 94 aynhalmuj gnay nuhat

546 gnaro .

lebaT 4.1 aisu turunem kududnep ataD

.oN rumU halmuJ

.1 0 – nuhat 5 501 gnaro

.2 6 – nuhat 41 742 gnaro

.3 51 – nuhat 52 823 gnaro

.4 62 - nuhat 94 546 gnaro

.5 sata ek nuhat 05 715 gnaro

ataD 1102 aisu turunem kududnep rednukes

ynabeK ojerkabmaT aseD id kududnep naka gnay aisu halada

itkudorp 51 rumu aratna fitkudorp aisU .f nuhat - K .nuhat 06 nakaynabe

ojerkabmaT aseD id kududnep 51 rumu irad ajrekeb hadus .nuhat


14

.7 neP ataM turuneM kududneP nairahac

.nairahacnep atam nakrasadreb kududnep atad halada ini tukireB

lebaT 4.2 nairahacnep atam nakrasadreb kududnep ataD

.1

.2

kududnep rednukes ataD nairahacnepatam nakrasadreb

1102 nairahacnepatam nakrasadreb kududnep rednukes ataD

ep halmuJ ep iagabes nairahacnepatamreb gnay kududn inat tagnas

isanimodnem nagned halmujreb inatep halmuj 665 irad iridret gnay gnaro

halmujreb hanat kilimep 614 halmujreb inat hurub nad gnaro 051 .gnaro

gnep iagabes nairahacnepatamreb gnay kududnep kutnu naidumeK ar nij

halmujreb 5 .gnaro 0

.oN kududneP nairahacneP ataM halmuJ

.1 inateP gnaro 665

.2 inat huruB gnaro 051

.3 atsaws/huruB gnaro 671

.4 iregeN iawageP 5 gnaro 3

.5 nijargneP gnaro 05

.6 gnagadeP gnaro 7

.7 ritnoM gnaro 3

.8 IRBA/IRLOP gnaro 2

.9 nanuisneP gnaro 45


24

.8 nakididneP turuneM kududneP

lebaT 4.3 turunem kududnep ataD nakididnep

.oN nakididneP halmuJ

.1 halokes muleB gnaro 341

.2 tamat kadit ipat DS halokes hanreP gnaro 751

.3 tajaredes/DS tamaT gnaro 566

.4 tajaredes/PTLS tamaT 4 gnaro 67

.5 tajaredes/ATLS tamaT gnaro 683

.6 1D gnaro 04

.7 2D gnaro 32

.8 3D gnaro 02

.9 1S gnaro 22

.01 2S gnaro 8

nakrasadreb kududnep rednukes ataD nakididnep 1102

.9 sirargA rotkeS nakitraid nainatrep tipmes itra malaD utiay taykar nainatrep iagabes

amatu nanakam nahab ayniskudorpid anam id agraulek nainatrep ahasu

gnacak ,gnugaj( ajiwalap ,sareb itrepes - ibu nad nagnacak - nad )naibu

namanat - haub nad naruyas utiay arutlukitroh namanat - .nahaub nainatreP

ulremem ulales naka akubret gnay saul gnay imub naakumrep gnadib nak

taykar nainatreP .irahatam ranis natoros padahret ojerkabmaT aseD id

hanat id nakahasuid - malad iD .nagnarakep nad gnadal ,hawas hanat

aynah iskudorpmem gnay inat ahasu ada kadit ripmah taykar nainatrep


34

utas kutnu naksutumem tapad inatep nuhat utas malaD .ajas lisah macam

nasalA .nagnagadrep namanat uata nanakam nahab namanat mananem

sata nakrasadid amaturet nanakam nahab mananem kutnu inatep

nasala nakgnades ,inatep agraulek hurules kutnu nakam nahutubek

anem aynkadit ada ,milki sata nakrasadid nagnagadrep namanat man

naparah nad tubesret namanat nalaujnep lisah naanuggnep naujut ,ladom

.agrah aganet halada nainatrep rotkes ajrek aganet malad kusamret gnaY

nam ajrek aganet nad kanret ajrek aganet ,aisunam ajrek ajrek aganeT .aisu

kana nad atinaw ,airp ajrek aganet iridet aisunam - ajrek aganeT .kana

nakgnadeS .natukgna nad hanat nahalognep kutnu nakanugid naweh

,nakupumep ,hanat nahalognep kutnu nakanugid kinakem ajrek aganet

aneT .nenap atres namananep ,natabognep tafisreb kinakem ajrek ag

.kanret ajrek aganet uata aisunam ajrek aganet itnaggnep iagabes isutitsbus

inatep agraulek irad lasareb ajrek aganet raseb naigabes inat ahasu malaD

kana nad iretsi ,agraulek alapek iagabes haya sata iridret gnay iridnes -a kan

tep a ojerkabmaT aseD iD .ina kan - hadus aynlasim nuhat 51 rumureb kana

.inat ahasu igab fitkudorp gnay ajrek aganet nakapurem tapad

kadit upmam ayad nakbabesid ini lah lanoisar kadit aynmumu hapU

ek aganet paites kutnu amas gnutihid ipatet ,salej araces rukuid hapU .ajr

kana nupuam atinaw nagned adebreb airp - hapu adebreb aguj utigeB .kana

aynrotarepo nad kanret aganet kutnU .naajrekep nial nad utas kutnu

aganet hapu kutnU .naajrekep napahat utas kutnu ajrek irah nakrasadreb

anret aganet nagned amas ipmah kinakem tubesret hapu narayabmeP .k


44

nakhab aynajrek lisah nagned iauses nauggnim uata nairah tapad

.nagnorob

.01 K rotkeS nanijare

itulegid kaynab gnilap gnay audek rotkes nakapurem irtsudnI

helo isanimodid ojerkabmaT aseD id irtsudni ,ojerkabmaT aseD kududnep

irtsudni rtsudni nad aggnat hamur irtsudnI .licek irtsudni nad aggnat hamur

isubirtsid rulaj anerak tasep nad kiab nagned gnabmekreb upmam licek

.tapec nagned nakrasapid tapad iskudorpid gnay itidomok nad racnal gnay

nanijarek tasup iagabes ojerkabmaT aseD nanareP gnukudnem tagnas

.ini ased id aggnat hamur nad licek irtsudni rotkes nagnabmekrep

utaus iagabes paggnaid nanugnabmep pahat utaus malad isasilairtsudnI

uti niales ,aragen utaus id nanugnabmep naseskusek nad naujamek lobmis

iagabes paggnaid isasilairtsudni takaraysam awabmem tapad gnay icnuk

ajrek natapmesek halasam isatagnem tapad atres ,narumkamek hara ek

gnay nial isakilpmI .nainatrep rotkes adap tipmeynem nikames gnay

utiay nakgnabmekid kutnu gnitnep tagnas irtsudni awhab nakataynem

adom namananep anerak nakgnutnugnem tagnas ialinid irtsudni rotkes id l

nad nakgnutnugnem gnaruk ialinid gnay nainatrep rotkes nakgnidnabid

irtsudni naadarebek nagned aynlah naikimeD .aynnahubmutrep tabmal

amaturet raseb gnay nanarep nakirebmem hibel ojerkabmaT aseD id licek

ad halasam mal - laisos nad imonoke nagned nagnubuhreb gnay halasam

.aynsusuhk naasedep takaraysam malad


54

aseD id desek nanijarek aynsusuhk licek irtsudni nanareP

,iggnit gnay ajrek aganet pareynep iagabes niales ,ojerkabmaT

hajesek atres natapadnep naktakgninem .irtsudni ratikes takaraysam naaret

itrepes raseb gnay halmuj malad ajrek aganat pareynem licek irtsudnI

pareynem tapad gnipmasid licek irtsudnI .raseb nad gnades irtsudni aynlah

nagned ajrek aganet pareynem aguj ,raseb gnay halmuj malad ajrek aganet

kgnit pareynem licek irtsudni naupmameK .hadner gnay nakididnep ta

atar nagned iauses tagnas hadner nakididnep takgnit nagned ajrek aganet -

.ojerkabmaT aseD id ajrek aganet nakididnep takgnit atar


64

V BAB

NASAHABMEP NAD ATAD SISILANA

em naka ini baB naadebrep aynada ianegnem naitilenep lisah nakiarugn

takgnit k isapisitrap e ajr aratna nad sirarga rotkes rotkes agraw adap nanijarek

.nemubeK .baK nertnasepsuluB .ceK hayaliw id ojerkabmaT ased takaraysam

nay tekgna rabeynem nagned ialumid atad nalibmagneP agraw adap nakukalid g

halmuj nagned libmaid gnay nanijarek rotkes nad sirarga rotkes takaraysam

54 sirarga rotkes ajrekep KK 54 irad iridret gnay nednopser 09 kaynabes lepmas

akukalid halet gnay naitilenep lisah naiaru tukireB .nanijarek rotkes ajrekep KK : n

A . asilanA pirkseD fit naitileneP

ini sisilanA liforp nakrabmaggnem kutnu naujutreb nakanugid

lebat kutneb malad atad kitsiretkarak uata naitilenep keybus/nednopser

fitpirksed kitsitats uata isroporp tukireb , asilana ispirksed itilenep gnay na

nakukalid takaraysam agraw padahret ojerkabmaT ased .ceK hayaliw id

.nemubeK .baK nertnasepsuluB

.1 rumU

naadaek iapmas rihal kajes gnutihid gnay gnaroeses aisu halada rumU

.naknigniid gnay irad naklupmukid gnay renoisiuk nakrasadreB 09

tnet atad helorepid nednopser gna rumu kitsiretkaraK .naitilenep nednopser

nakrasadreb nednopser rumu lebaT adap tahil id tapad 5 .1.


74

baT le 5 1. nakrasadreB nednopseR kitsiretkaraK rumU

kopmoleK

rumU

halmuJ esatnesreP

ajameR 1 11,1

asaweD 66 3,37

auT 32 5,52

halmuJ 09 0,001

.2102 ,haloid remirp ataD : rebmuS

eB lebaT nakrasadr 5 irad awhab nakkujnunem 1. 09 gnay nednopser

naitilenep lepmas idajnem 1,1( nednopser 1 tapadret , malad igabret )%

ajamer rumu kopmolek 3,37( aynaratnaid nednopser 66 , alad igabret )% m

asawed rumu kopmolek 5,52( aynaratnaid nednopdser 32 nad , igabret )%

,idaJ .aut rumu kopmolek malad takaraysam agraw satiroyam ased

ojerkabmaT nemubeK .baK nertnasepsuluB .ceK hayaliw id rotkes id kiab

nanijarek rotkes nupuam sirarga k malad kopmole rumu d nagneD .asawe

ajrek isapisitrap raseb naigabes awhab naklupmisid tapad naikimed

id kiab takaraysam sirarga rotkes nupuam nanijarek rotkes irad tahilid akij

asawed rumu kopmolek halada ajrek isapisitrap malad aynrumu uata

62 aratna rumureb - .nuhat 94

.2 kgniT ta nakididneP

hupmenem malad gnaroeses gnajnej halada nakididnep takgniT

.lamrof araces nakididnep 09 irad naklupmukid gnay renoisiuk nakrasadreB

.naitilenep nednopser nakididnep takgnit gnatnet atad helorepid nednopser


84

nakrasadreb nednopser kitsiretkaraK id tapad nakididnep adap tahil

lebaT 5 .2.

lebaT 5 2. nakididneP nakrasadreB nednopseR kitsiretkaraK

nakididneP halmuJ esatnesreP

rasaD 46 1,17

hagneneM 62 8,82

halmuJ 09 0,001


B ebaT nakrasadre l 5 gnay nednopser 09 irad awhab nakkujnunem 2.

naitilenep lepmas idajnem nupmem kaynab gnilap gnay , nakididnep iay

halmujes rasad 6 ( nednopser 4 7 1,1 gnay naidumek ,)% iaynupmem

( nednopser 62 kaynabes hagnenem nakididnep 2 8,8 ,idaJ .)% satiroyam

takaraysam agraw ojerkabmaT ased .baK nertnasepsuluB .ceK hayaliw id

nemubeK nanijarek rotkes nupuam sirarga rotkes id kiab irogetak malad

rasad nakididnep nednopser 46 kaynabes utiay tapad naikimed nagneD .

raseb naigabes awhab naklupmisid takgnit isitrap kiab takaraysam ajrek isap

id sirarga rotkes nupuam nanijarek rotkes irad tahilid akij nakididnep ayn

kopmolek halada ajrek isapisitrap malad ikilimem uata rasad nakididnep

.PMS nad DS nakididnep

.3 halmuJ hapU

gnau halmuj halada hapu halmuJ bes amiretid gnay itnaggnep iaga

.naajrekep sativitka utaus malad ajrek aganet gnay renoisiuk nakrasadreB

nednopser hapu gnatnet atad helorepid nednopser 09 irad naklupmukid


94

nakrasadreb nednopser kitsiretkaraK .naitilenep adap tahil id tapad hapu

lebaT 5 .3.

lebaT 5 3. karaK hapU nakrasadreB nednopseR kitsiret

hapU halmuJ esatnesreP

hadneR 2 2,2

gnadeS 57 3,38

iggniT 31 4,41

halmuJ 09 0,001


lebaT nakrasadreB 5 gnay nednopser 09 irad awhab nakkujnunem 3.

idajnem naitilenep lepmas lorepmem gnay , halmujes hadner hapu halmuj he

%2,2( nednopser 2 elorepmem gnay naidumek , gnades hapu halmuj h

bes )%3,38( nednopser 57 kayna , elorepmem gnay t hapu halmuj h iggni

4,41( nednopser 31 halmujes ,idaJ .)% takaraysam agraw satiroyam ased

ojerkabmaT nemubeK .baK nertnasepsuluB .ceK hayaliw id rotkes id kiab

nanijarek rotkes nupuam sirarga hapu irogetak malad gnades kaynabes utiay

nednopser 57 raseb naigabes awhab naklupmisid tapad naikimed nagneD .

takgnit takaraysam ajrek isapisitrap id kiab sirarga rotkes nupuam rotkes

nanijarek irad tahilid akij halmuj halada ajrek isapisitrap malad aynhapu

hapu kopmolek gnades uata ikilimem halmuj hapu aratna pR 000.101 – pR

aynuggnim rep 000.002 .


05

.4 takgniT P isapisitra K ajre

reK isapisitraP takgniT nakirebid gnay ajrek maj halmuj halada aj

halmujes nagned rukuid gnay naajrekep nakukalem malad gnaroeses helo

.tubesret naajrekep utaus nakukalem kutnu ajrekep nakirebid gnay utkaw

atad helorepid nednopser 09 irad naklupmukid gnay renoisiuk nakrasadreB

et kitsiretkaraK .naitilenep nednopser ajrek isapisitrap takgnit gnatn

k isapisitrap takgnit nakrasadreb nednopser lebaT adap tahil id tapad ajre 5 .4.

lebaT 5 4. ajreK isapisitraP takgniT nakrasadreB nednopseR kitsiretkaraK

ajreK isapisitraP takgniT halmuJ P esatnesre

hadneR 5 55,5 gnadeS 45 0,06 iggniT 13 4,43 halmuJ 09 0,001


lebaT nakrasadreB 5 gnay nednopser 09 irad awhab nakkujnunem 4.

naitilenep lepmas idajnem isapisitrap takgnit ikilimem gnay , r hadne

ujes 55,5( nednopser 5 halm kgnit ikilimem gnay naidumek ,)% isapisitrap ta

halmujes gnades 54 0,06( nednopser )% , isapisitrap takgnit iaynupmem gnay

( nednopser 13 halmujes iggnit 3,43 ,idaJ .)% takaraysam agraw satiroyam

ojerkabmaT ased tnasepsuluB .ceK hayaliw id malad nemubeK .baK ner

apisitrap takgnit irogetak kaynabes utiay gnades ajrek is 54 nednopser .

pisitrap raseb naigabes awhab naklupmisid tapad naikimed nagneD ajrek isa

takaraysam id sirarga rotkes aynajrek isapisitrap takgnit irad tahilid akij


15

opmolek malad ajrek isapisitrap takgnit k gnades uata ajrekeb amales 12 - 04

/maj .

B naitileneP ataD ispirkseD .

naka uluhad hibelret ,sisetopih naijugnep adap kusam mulebeS

uata nakrabmaggnem kutnu fitpirksed sisilana irad lisah nakiaruid

gnay atad isidnok nakispirksednem tukireB .naitilenep malad nakanugid

nad ,hapu ,nakididnep ,rumu irad fitpirksed sisilana lisah nasakgnir halada

kaynabes lepmas nakanuggnem ini naitileneP .ajrek isapisitrap takgnit

rga rotkes ajrekep KK 54 irad iridret gnay nednopser 09 ajrekep KK 54 nad sira

rotkes lebairav irad fitpirkseD .nanijarek - nakujnutid naitilenep lebairav helo

lebaT 5 :ini tukireb .5.

lebaT 5 5. fitpirkseD kitsitatS

lebairaV N muminiM mumixaM naeM noitaiveD .dtS

rumU 09 52 07 61.24 73.01 hapU 09 000002 000054 11.116203 39.90927

takgniTajreK isapisitraP

09 21 65 64.43 10.11

2102 ,haloid remirp ataD : rebmuS .

lebaT 5 rotkes id ajrekeb gnay kiab nednopser awhab nakkujnunem 5.

id ajrekeb nupuam sirarga atar rumu ikilimem nanijarek rotkes - 61,24 atar

,nuhat nuhat 52 halada hadneret rumu nagned nijargnep iagabes ajrekeb gnay

nuhat 07 halada iggnitret rumu nad alup nijargnep iagabes ajrekeb gnay .

hapu takgnit irad tahilid akij naidumeK sirarga rotkes id ajrekeb gnay kiab

imem nanijarek rotkes id ajrekeb nupuam atar ikil - rasebes halada hapu atar


25

203 .pR . ajrekeb gnay 000.002 .pR rasebes licekret hapu nagned 11,116

iagabes ajrekeb gnay 000.054 .pR halada iggnitret hapu nad nijargnep iagabes

ajrek isapisitrap takgnit irad tahilid akij naidumek naD .inatep gnay kiab

ikilimem nanijarek rotkes id ajrekeb nupuam sirarga rotkes id ajrekeb atar - atar

.maj 64,43 rasebes aynfitpirksed araces nasalejnep ,nakididnep lebairav kutnU

nutid tapad lebaT malad nakkuj 5 tukireb 6.

lebaT 5 6. didneP nakrasadreB ataD ispirkseD naki

takgniT

nakididneP

nednopseR halmuJ

isneukerF esatnesorP

DS 8 9.8

PMS 65 2.26

AMS 62 9.82

halmuJ 90 %001

102 ,haloid remirp ataD :rebmuS 2.

lebaT nakrasadreB 5.6 halmuj nakkujnunem gnay kiab nednopser

ajrekeb nupuam sirarga rotkes id nanijarek rotkes id ajrekeb satiroyam

iaynupmem .%2,26 uata gnaro 65 kaynabes utiay PMS nakididnep ini laH

arap helo ikilimid gnay aisunam ayad rebmus ayngnaruk hisam nakkujnunem

inatep gnay aisunam ayad rebmus nagneD .nijargnep nupuam ripmah amas

ubesret takgnit naadebrep aynada kadit nakbabeynem nanikgnumek t

.ajrek isapisitrap

C . ataD sisilanA

ijugnem kutnU aratna ajrek isapisitrap takgnit naadebrep aynkadit ada

takaraysam sirarga rotkes takaraysam nagned nanijarek rotkes irad tahilid gnay


35

t ,rumu rotkaf hapu halmuj nad ,nakididnep takgni iju nakanugid ihC - erauqS .

gnay isneukerf naadebrep nakifingis ijugnem kutnu nakukalid ini naijugneP

isavresboid of isneukerf nagned ,)atad nakrasadreb helorepid gnay isneukerf(

nakparahid gnay .)hf( gnutihrep irad alibapA X agrah awhab ataynret na 2gnutih

X agrah irad raseb hibel 2 farat nagned iauses ,lebat malad aretret gnay

naadebrep ada halada atik nalupmisek akam ,nakpatetid halet gnay nakifingis

aratna of nagned hf X ialin ataynret nagnutihrep irad alib ipatet nakA . 2ih gnut

halet gnay nakifingis farat turunem lebat malad kitirk agrah irad licek hibel

aratna naknikayem gnay naadebrep ada kadit aynnalupmisek akam ,nakutnetid

of nad hf .

.1 naadebreP takgnit rumu rotkaf irad tahilid ajrek isapisitrap

lebaT 5.7 naadebreP takgnit trap ajrek isapisi rumu rotkaf irad tahilid

rumU

ajreK isapisitraP

r gnutih r lebat ρV eula

hadneR gnadeS iggniT latoT f % f % F % f %

ajameR 0 0,0 0 0,0 1 1,1 1 1,1

532,21 884,9

610,0

asaweD 2 2,2 63 0,04 82 1,13 66 3,37 auT 3 3,3 81 0,02 2 2,2 32 6,52

latoT 5 6,5 45 0,06 13 4,43 09 0,001 emirp ataD : rebmuS .2102 ,haloid r

sadreB lebaT nakra 5.7 nahurulesek araces sata id takaraysam agraw

ojerkabmaT ased nemubeK .baK nertnasepsuluB .ceK hayaliw id

m nakkujnune awhab gnay nednopser malad igabret kopmolek rumu

ajamer aynah nednopser 1 tapadret )%1,1( gnay ilimem akgnit ik t isapisitap

rumu kopmolek malad igabret gnay nednopseR .iggnit asawed kaynabes

,hadner isapisitrap takgnit ikilimem )%2,2( aynaratnaid 2 ,nednopser 66 63


45

82 nad gnades isapisitrap takgnit ikilimem )%0,04( aynaratnaid

ikilimem )%1,13( aynaratnaid gnay nednopseR .iggnit isapisitrap takgnit

aynaratnaid 3 ,nednopser 32 kaynabes aut rumu kopmolek malad igabret

)%0,02( aynaratnaid 81 ,hadner isapisitrap taknit ikilimem )%3,3(

ikilimem )%2,2( aynaratnaid 2 nad gnades isapisitrap takgnit ikilimem

takgnit .iggnit isapisitrap

isapisitrap takgnit naadebrep ada awhab nakkujnunem ini naitileneP

gnay nednopser irad tahilid tapad ini laH ,rumu takgnit irad tahilid ajrek

iggnit isapisitrap takgnit ikilimem ajamer rumu kopmolek malad igabret

ay nednopser nakgnades asawed rumu kopmolek malad igabret gn

.gnades isapisitrap takgnit ikilimem tapad akam ini naitilenep lisah iraD

nagned nalajes ajrek isapisitrap takgnit natakgninep awhab nakataynid

naka akam gnaroeses rumu iggnit nikames anamid ,rumu nahabmatrep

m nikames gnalejnem nurunem naka nad ajrek isapisitrap naktakgnine

rumu uisnep .aut rumu uata n

ihC - stseT erauqS

eulaV fd

2( .giS .pmysA -

)dedis

ihC nosraeP - erauqS 532.21 a 4 610.

oitaR doohilekiL 496.31 4 800.

raeniL - yb - noitaicossA raeniL 217.11 1 100.

ilaV fo N sesaC d 09

muminim ehT .5 naht ssel tnuoc detcepxe evah )%6,55( sllec 5 .a

.60, si tnuoc detcepxe


55

naidumeK u iuhategnem kutn naadebrep aynkadit ada akam ,ini

tubesret lebairav audek aratna kitsitats naijugnep nakukalid lisaH .

lebaT adap nakkujnutid 5.7 nagned atad nahalognep lisah ,sata id

SSPS margorp retupmok nakanuggnem swodniw rof ialin nakkujnunem

r gnutih = 21 , 32 5 nad ρ eulaV 610,0 = . naayacrepek takgnit nagneD = α( %59

helorepid akam,4=fd nad )50,0 r lebat = 884,9 . rasad nagned iauseS

sisetopih naitilenep nasutupek nalibmagnep )742:9991,imisrahuS( awhab )

akij X2gnutih ( 532,21 X adap irad raseb hibel ) 2

lebat ( 884,9 ρ nad ) eulaV 10,0( )6

tapad aggnihes 50,0 < ada awhab naklupmisid naadebrep nakifingis gnay

takgnit rumu takgnit irad tahilid ajrek isapisitrap ,ojerkabmaT aseD id

nemubeK ,nertnasepsuluB natamaceK . naikimed nagneD sisetopih

awhab nakataynem gnay amatrep ebrep ada naad takgnit ajrek isapisitrap

.amiretid uata itkubret rumu rotkaf irad tahilid

.2 naadebreP takgnit nakididnep rotkaf irad tahilid ajrek isapisitrap

lebaT 5.8 naadebreP takgnit nakididnep rotkaf irad tahilid ajrek isapisitrap

takgniTididneP

nak

isapisitraP ajreK

r gnutih r lebat ρ eulav hadneR gnadeS iggniT latoT

f % f % F % f % rasaD 4 4,4 53 9,83 52 ,72

8 46 ,17

1

606,2 195,5 272,0 gneneM

ha 1 1,1 91 1,12 6 7,6 62 ,82

9

latoT 5 6,5 45 0,06 13 ,43

4 09 01

0,0

2102 ,haloid remirp ataD : rebmuS .

nakrasadreB lebaT 5.8 takaraysam agraw nahurulesek araces sata id



65

awhab nakkujnunem rasad nakididnep takgnit iaynupmem gnay nednopser

kgnit ikilimem )%4,4( aynaratnaid 4 ,nednopser 46 kaynabes isapisitrap ta

52 nad gnades isapisitrap takgnit ikilimem )%9,83( aynaratnaid 53 ,hadner

gnay nednopseR .iggnit isapisitrap takgnit ikilimem 0%8,72( aynaratnaid

aynaratnaid 1 ,nednopser 62 kaynabes hagnenem nakididnep iaynupmem

trap takgnit ikilimem )%1,1( )%1,1( aynaratnaid 91 ,hadner isapisi

ikilimem )%7,6( aynaratnaid 6 nad gnades isapisitrap takgnit ikilimem

.iggnit isapisitrap takgnit

takgnit naadebrep ada kadit awhab nakkujnunem ini naitileneP

ini lah ,nakididnep takgnit irad tahilid ajrek isapisitrap irad tahilid tapad

amas hagnenem uata rasad nakididnep iaynupmem gnay nednopser - amas

.gnades isapisitrap takgnit ikilimem ini naadebrep aynada kadiT

rotces nupuam sirarga rotces kiab takaraysam audek irad nakbabesid

pmah gnay nakididnep ikilimem nanijarek nakididnep nagned uata amas ri

.PMS nad DS nakididnep ikilimem akerem irad satiroyam utiay hadner

ihC - stseT erauqS

eulaV fd

2( .giS .pmysA -

)dedis




sesaC dilaV fo N 09


.44,1 si tnuoc detcepxe


75

u naidumeK iuhategnem kutn naadebrep aynkadit ada akam ,ini


dap nakkujnutid lebaT a 5.8 nagned atad nahalognep lisah ,sata id


r gnutih = ,2 606 . ρ nad eulaV = 272,0 . naayacrepek takgnit nagneD = α( %59


ep awhab ))742:9991,imisrahuS( sisetopih naitilenep nasutupek nalibmagn

akij X2gnutih ( 606,2 X adap irad licek hibel ) 2

lebat ( 195,5 ρ nad ) eulaV ( 272,0 > )

tapad aggnihes 50,0 ada kadit awhab naklupmisid naadebrep takgnit

takgnit irad tahilid ajrek isapisitrap p ,ojerkabmaT aseD id nakdidne

nemubeK ,nertnasepsuluB natamaceK . sisetopih naikimed nagneD audek

naadebrep ada awhab nakataynem gnay takgnit tahilid ajrek isapisitrap

nakididnep rotkaf irad kadit uata itkubret kadit .amiretid

.3 naadebreP takgnit k isapisitrap rotkaf irad tahilid ajre halmuj hapu

lebaT 5.9 naadebreP takgnit rotkaf irad tahilid isapisitrap halmuj hapu

halmuJhapU

ajreK isapisitraP

r gnutih r lebat ρ eulav

hadneR gnadeS iggniT latoT

f % f % F % f % hadneR 0 0,0 2 2,2 0 0,0 2 2,2

875,1 884,9

318,0 gnadeS 4 4,4 44 9,84 72 0,03 57 3,38 iggniT 1 1,1 8 9,8 4 4,4 31 4,41

latoT 5 6,5 45 0,06 13 4,43 09 0,001 remirp ataD : rebmuS .2102 ,haloid

lebaT nakrasadreB 5.9 takaraysam agraw nahurulesek araces sata id


awhab nakkujnunem hadner hapu halmuj helorepmem gnay nednopser


85

it ikilimem )%2,2( aynaratnaid nednopser 2 tapadret isapisitrap takn

57 tapadret gnades hapu halmuj helorepmem gnay nednopseR .gnades

44 ,hadner isapisitrap takgnit ikilimem )%4,4( aynaratnaid 4 ,nednopser

72 nad gnades isapisitrap takgnit ikilimem )%9,84( aynaratnaid

ap takgnit ikilimem )%0,03( aynaratnaid gnay nednopseR .iggnit isapisitr

tapadret iggnit hapu halmuj helorepmem aynaratnaid 1 ,nednopser 31

ikilimem )%9,8( aynaratnaid 8 ,hadner isapisitrap takgnit ikilimem )%1,1(

takgnit ikilimem )%4,4( aynaratnaid 4 nad gnades isapisitrap takgnit

t isapisitrap iggni .

takgnit naadebrep ada kadit awhab nakkujnunem ini naitileneP

irad tahilid tapad ini lah ,hapu rotkaf irad tahilid ajrek isapisitrap

iggnit nupuam gnades,hadner hapu halmuj helorepmem gnay nednopser

amas - diT .gnades isapisitrap takgnit ikilimem amas naadebrep aynada ka

rotkes takaraysam helo amiretid gnay hapu takgnit nakanerakid tapad ini

takaraysam agraw turunem nanijarek rotkes takaraysam nagned sirarga

nakkujnunem ini naitilenep malad ,amas repmah uata huaj adebreb kadit

sam satiroyam hapu takgnit aray 00,000.101 .pR aratna hapu ikilimem tak –

.002 .pR .00,000


95

ihC - stseT erauqS

eulaV fd

2( .giS .pmysA -

)dedis



raeniL - yb - noitaicossA raeniL 700. 1 239.

sesaC dilaV fo N 09

ec 6 .a muminim ehT .5 naht ssel tnuoc detcepxe evah )%7,66( sll


iuhategnem kutnu naidumeK naadebrep aynkadit ada akam ,ini


lebaT adap nakkujnutid 5.9 gnep lisah ,sata id nagned atad nahalo


r gnutih = 875,1 nad ρ eulaV = 318,0 . naayacrepek takgnit nagneD = α( %59


awhab ))742:9991,imisrahuS( sisetopih naitilenep nasutupek nalibmagnep

akij X2gnutih ( 875,1 X adap irad licek hibel ) 2

lebat ( 884,9 ρ nad ) V eula ( 318,0 > )

tapad aggnihes 50,0 ada kadit awhab naklupmisid naadebrep takgnit

takgnit irad tahilid ajrek isapisitrap ,ojerkabmaT aseD id nakdidnep

nemubeK ,nertnasepsuluB natamaceK . audek sisetopih naikimed nagneD

naadebrep ada awhab nakataynem gnay nit takg tahilid ajrek isapisitrap

.amiretid kadit uata itkubret kadit nakididnep rotkaf irad


06

.4 naadebreP takgnit naajrekep rotkaf irad tahilid ajrek isapisitrap

lebaT 5. 01 naadebreP takgnit trap ajrek isapisi naajrekep rotkaf irad tahilid

sineJnaajrekeP

raP ajreK isapisit

r gnutih r lebat ρ eulav hadneR gnadeS iggniT latoT

f % F % f % f % inateP 5 6,5 04 4,44 0 0,0 54 0,05

915,84 195,5 000,0 nijargneP 0 0,0 41 6,51 13 4,43 54 0,05

latoT 5 6,5 45 0,06 13 4,43 09 0,001 d remirp ataD : rebmuS .2102 ,haloi

ebaT nakrasadreB l 5. 01 takaraysam agraw nahurulesek araces sata id

ojerkabmaT ased nemubeK .baK nertnasepsuluB .ceK hayaliw id gnay

aynaratnaid 5 ,nednopser 54 tapadret inatep iagabes naajrekep iaynupmem

er isapisitrap takgnit ikilimem )%6,5( )%4,44( aynaratnaid 04 nad hadn

iaynupmem gnay nednopseR .gnades isapisitrap takgnit ikilimem

aynaratnaid 41 ,nednopser 54 tapadret nijargnep iagabes naajrekep

)%4,43( aynaratnaid 13 nad gnades isapisitrap takgnit ikilimem )%6,51(

pisitrap takgnit ikilimem iggnit isa .

nakkujnunem ini naitileneP isapisitrap takgnit naadebrep ada awhab

gnay nednopser irad tahilid tapad ini lah ,naajrekep rotcaf irad tahilid ajrek

gnades isapisitrap takgnit ikilimem inatep iagabes naajrekep iaynupmem

m gnay nednopser nakgnades nijargnep iagabes naajrekep iaynupme

ajrek maj halmuj irad tahiliD .iggnit isapisitrap takgnit ikilimem

rotces takaraysam gnidnabid tikides hibel sirarga rotkes takaraysam

kaynab sirarga rotkes takaraysam anerak nakbabesid ini lah ,nanijarek

nakgnutnaggnem nanijarek rotkes takaraysam nakgnades ,hawas adap


16

inatreb akerem niales utiay ajrekeb sativitka ikilimem irah paites repmah

.nijargnep iagabes nagnipmas ahasu ikilimem aguj

ihC - stseT erauqS

eulaV fd

2( .giS .pmysA -

)dedis

ihC nosraeP - erauqS 915.84 a 2 0. 00



sesaC dilaV fo N 09



iuhategnem kutnu naidumeK naadebrep aynkadit ada akam ,ini

alid tubesret lebairav audek aratna kitsitats naijugnep nakuk lisaH .

lebaT adap nakkujnutid 5. 01 nagned atad nahalognep lisah ,sata id


r gnutih = 915,84 ρ nad eulaV = 000,0 . aayacrepek takgnit nagneD n = α( %59

helorepid akam ,2=fd nad )50,0 r lebat = 195,5 . rasad nagned iauseS

awhab ))742:9991,imisrahuS( sisetopih naitilenep nasutupek nalibmagnep

akij X2gnutih ( 915,84 X adap irad raseb hibel ) 2

lebat ( 195,5 ρ nad ) eulaV )000,0(

tapad aggnihes 50,0 < isid ada awhab naklupm naadebrep nakifingis gnay

takgnit rumu takgnit irad tahilid ajrek isapisitrap ,ojerkabmaT aseD id

nemubeK ,nertnasepsuluB natamaceK . sisetopih naikimed nagneD

tapmeek naadebrep ada awhab nakataynem gnay takgnit ajrek isapisitrap

d tahilid .amiretid uata itkubret naajrekep rotkaf ira


26

D . nasahabmeP

takaraysam agraw satiroyam awhab nakkujnunem ini naitilenep lisaH

ojerkabmaT ased malad nemubeK .baK nertnasepsuluB .ceK hayaliw id

ajrek isapisitrap raseb naigabes aggnihes ,asawed rumu irogetak takaraysam

id kiab sirarga rotkes nupuam nanijarek rotkes asawed rumu kopmolek malad

62 aratna rumureb uata - gnay nakididnep irad nagnukud nakgnadeS .nuhat 94

utiay hadner uata rasad nakididnep ikilimem raseb naigabes akerem ,ikilimid

didnep aynah satiroyam .PMS nad DS naki am hapu takgnit kutnU satiroy

pR aratna hapu ikilimem 101 000. – .pR 002 naidumek naD .000. raseb naigabes

id kiab takaraysam ajrek isapisitrap sirarga rotkes nupuam nanijarek rotkes akij

pmolek malad aynajrek isapisitrap takgnit irad tahilid isapisitrap takgnit ko

12 amales ajrekeb uata gnades ajrek - uggnim/maj 04 .

tapad akam ,sata id nasahabmep nad naitilenep lisah nakrasadreB

,nakididnep ,rumu takgnit irad tahilid ajrek isapisitrap takgnit naksalejid

ireb iagabes naajrekep nad ,hapu halmuj : tuk

.1 naadebreP takgnit ajrek isapisitrap rumu rotkaf irad tahilid

adap rumu nakrasadreb nednopser kitsiretkarak irad nakrasadreB

isapisitrap takgnit awhab nakkujnunem 1.4 lebaT kaf irad tahilid ajrek rot

aT aseD id nanijarek rotkes nad sirarga rotkes rumu adap adareb ojerkabm

62 rumu aratna utiay asawed rumu irogetak – hat 94 nu utiay 66 .nednopser

akam gnaroeses rumu iggnit nikames ,utnetret kitit iapmas sitiroet araceS

rumu kitit haletes ipatet naka ,iggnit nikam aynsativitkudorp takgnit


36

itawelrettubesret nagned gniries nurunem naka aynsativitkudorp akam

.aisu aynaut habmatreb

aynajrek isapisitrap takgnit nakutnenem tuki gnaroeses rumu rotkaF

habmatreb nikam gnaroeses aisu habmatreb nikaM .hakfan iracnem malad

ap alup nurunem naka ipatet aynisapisitrap alup nalajes utnetret aisu ad

naka aisu rotkaF .alup nurunem nikam gnay kisif nataukek rotkaf nagned

nad nataukek nakladnagnem tagnas gnay naajrekep adap huragnepreb tagnas

aisu ,nanijarek rotkes adap aganet itrepeS .ajrekaganet kisif naupmamek

pmem tagnas naka nanimod hibel anerak aynajrek sativitkudorp ihuragne

.kisif nataukek nakladnagnem

nakrasadreB ihC iju - tardauK ihc( - )erauqs adap ajrek isapisitrap

takaraysam sirarga rotkes d takaraysam na nanijarek rotkes id aseD

ojerkabmaT etapubaK nertnasepsuluB natamaceK tahilid gnay nemubeK n

rumu irad nakkujnunem r ialin gnutih ( 532,21 ) r > lebat ( 884,9 ) ada itrareb gnay

ajrek isapisitrap naadebrep tahilid .rumu rotkaf irad ini naitilenep lisah iraD

nagned nalajes KPT natakgninep awhab nakataynid tapad akam

mu nahabmatrep nikames uata rumu takgnit iggnit nikames anam gnay ,ru

nikames idajnem agraulek padahret aynbawajgnuggnat akam gnaroeses aut

raseb hayaliw id aynsusuhk takaraysam uata kududnep gnorodnem ini laH .

nemubeK .baK nertnasepsuluB .ceK hayaliw id ojerkabmaT ased ahasureb

.amiret akerem gnay natapadnep naktakgninem anug ajrek maj habmanem

ajrek isapisitrap takgnit akam aut iapacnem gnaroeses aisu taas adap numaN

aganet kaynab naka tubesret aisu adap anerak ,nanurunep imalagnem naka


46

uisnep asam imalagnem gnay ajrek .n gnaroees tubesret aisu adap aneraK

aganet gnaroeses ,satitivitkudorp nanurunep imalagnem gnurednec naka

aynsativitkudorp malad naujamek imalagnem naka adum aisureb gnay ajrek

.nanurunep imalagnem naka akam aisu nahabmatrep nagned gniries ipatet

naikimeD ojerkabmaT ased hayaliw id aynsusuhk takaraysam nagned aguj

.tujnal aisureb halet gnay nemubeK .baK nertnasepsuluB .ceK hayaliw id

imalagnem naka nijargnep iagabes uata inatreb malad akerem aggniheS

hibel gnay ajrek aganet nagned gnidnabid akij nanurunep .adum

turuneM takgnit awhab naksalejid tapad akam tubesret lah

,rumu nahabmatrep nagned iauses takgninem naka ajrek isapisitrap

ini laH .aut rumu uata nuisnep aisu gnalejnem ilabmek nurunem naidumek

jnamiS J namayaP helo nakakumek id gnay apa nagned iauses :5891( katnu

natakgnineP )73 ajrek isapisitrap takgnit rumu nahabmatrep nagned nalajes

nikames amatrep gnay utiay lah aud helo ihuragnepid aynrasad adap ini

nad ,halokesreb gnay kududnep takgnit licek nikames ,rumu takgnit iggnit

ses aut nikames audek gnay padahret aynbawajgnuggnat akam gnaroe

naklupmisid tapad akam naikimed nagneD .raseb nikames idajnem agraulek

naktakgninem nikames naka akam gnaroeses rumu iggnit nikames awhab

ajrek isapisitrap nurunem naka nad nikames rumu akitek ini laH .aut

k nakbabesid takgnit akam gnaroeses rumu iggnit nikames anera

naktakgninem naka aggnihes takginem nikames naka aynnahutubek

.tubesret gnaro adap ajrek isapisitrap nalupmisek libmaid tapad aggniheS

awhab ajrek isapisitrap takgnit alum - nagned iauses takgninem alum


56

matrep nurunem naidumek ,rumu nahab uisnep aisu gnalejnem ilabmek n

.aut rumu uata

.2 naadebreP takgnit ajrek isapisitrap nakididnep rotkaf irad tahilid

takaraysam ajrek isapisitraP sirarga rotkes takaraysam nad rotkes

nanijarek id ojerkabmaT aseD sepsuluB natamaceK netapubaK nertna

r ialin nakkujnunem nakididnep irad tahilid gnay nemubeK gnutih ( 606,2 ) <

r lebat ( 195,5 ) aratna ajrek isapisitrap naadebrep ada kadit itrareb gnay

takaraysam sirarga rotkes takaraysam nagned nanijarek rotkes irad tahilid

.nakididnep rotkaf nakbabesid tapad ini laH rotkes takaraysam audek irad

gnay nakididnep ikilimem nanijarek rotkes takaraysam nad sirarga ripmah

nakididnep nagned uata amas satiroyam utiay hadner ikilimem akerem irad

.PMS nad DS nakididnep d tapad ini naadebrep aynada kadiT nakbabesi alup

helo gnalibid asib gnay nakididnep takgnit ikilimem takaraysam satiroyam

iagabes akerem kiab rasad nakididnep takgnit ikilimem utiay amas

takaraysam rotkes sirarga .nanijarek rotkes takaraysam iagabes nupuam

ekep nakanerakid aguj ini isidnoK kaynab hibel nakukal akerem gnay naajr

gnay nalipmartek nad namalagnep ,naasaibek rotkaf helo nakanerakid

mid es nakgnades ,akerem helo ikili k urab ikilim akerem gnay nakididnep rot

.rasad nakididnep iagabes satabes helo nakbabesid tapad aguj naidumeK

raysam ajrekeb kutnu ayngnaggnes utkaw naktaafnamem gnaruk gnay taka

t gnay utkaw iagrahgnem gnaruk akerem ,igal taig hibel gnay asisre

af helo nakanerakid k akij aynlah niaL .ikilim akerem gnay nakididnep rot

ka akerem nanikgnumek ,iggnit nakididnep ikilimem akerem hibel na


66

halada hotnoc iagabeS .ada gnay gnaul utkaw naktaafnamem igal kaynab

hamurid laggnit kadit nanikgnumek ,iggnit nakididnepreb gnay atinaw

kusam kutnu hilimem naka akerem ipatet naka ,aggnat hamur surugnem

kgninem ,naikimed nagneD .ajrek rasap malad nakidajnem nakididnep aynta

KPT uata ajrek natakgna malad gnologret gnay kududnep isroporp

.ikilim akerem gnay nakididnep takgnit nagned iauses takgninem iraD

apureb gnay nataigek halada nakididnep naklupmisid tapad sata id naiaru

p helorepmem kutnu sesorp kutnu nalipmartek nad nauhategne

nakgnadeS .gnaroeses naupmamek naktakgninem nad nakgnabmegnem

nad sirarga rotkes takaraysam nakididnep takgnit ini naitilenep malad

natamaceK ojerkabmaT aseD id nanijarek rotkes takaraysam

m nemubeK netapubaK nertnasepsuluB nad rasaD halokeS aynah satiroya

padahret atayn huragnepreb gnaruk aggnihes ,PTLS takgnit ajrek isapisitrap

akij nanijarek rotkes takaraysam nagned sirarga rotkes takaraysam aratna

.nakididnep rotkaf irad tahilid

.3 naadebreP takgnit ajrek isapisitrap tahilid hapu rotkaf irad

takaraysam ajrek isapisitraP sirarga rotkes takaraysam nad rotkes

nanijarek id ojerkabmaT aseD netapubaK nertnasepsuluB natamaceK

irad tahilid gnay nemubeK hapu nakkujnunem r ialin gnutih ( 875,1 ) r < lebat

( 884,9 ) itrareb gnay kadit rep ada takaraysam aratna ajrek isapisitrap naadeb

sirarga rotkes takaraysam nagned nanijarek rotkes rotkaf irad tahilid hapu .

amiretid gnay hapu takgnit nakanerakid tapad ini naadebrep aynada kadiT

takaraysam helo sirarga rotkes takaraysam nagned nanijarek rotkes turunem


76

ini naitilenep malad ,amas ripmah uata huaj adebreb kadit takaraysam agraw

aratna hapu ikilimem satiroyam hapu takgnit nakkujnunem pR 101 000. – pR

002 iraD .000. irad isapisitrap takgnit nakidajnem ,tubesret hapu takgnit

takaraysam sirarga rotkes ed takaraysam nagn nanijarek rotkes kadit

.amiret akerem gnay hapu helo ihuragnepid gnay hapu takgnit nakanerakiD

nanijarek rotkes takaraysam nagned sirarga rotkes takaraysam helo amiretid

amas ripmah ,nakifingis gnay naadebrep ada kadit uata kadit akam

ynem itukiid kadit igal habmatid nad ajrek natakgna ayntakgninem nakbabe

inep nagned n halini lah ,ajrek nagnapal natakg takgnit nakidajnem gnay

ini naitilenep lisah aggniheS .takgninem muleb takaraysam ajrek isapisitrap

( tapadnep nagned nalajes muleb S katnujnami nakataynem gnay ,)5002

t awhab )KAPT( ajrek natakgna isapisitrap takgni it helo ihuragnep id n takg

,takaraysam malad nakrawatid gnay hapu takgnit iggnit nikameS .hapu

aganet rasap malad ek kusam gnay agraulek atoggna kaynab nikames akam

.ajrek

.4 ebreP naad nit takg ajrek isapisitrap rotkaf irad tahilid naajrekep

takaraysam ajrek isapisitrap adap nakrasadreb naidumek naD

sirarga rotkes takaraysam nad nanijarek rotkes id ojerkabmaT aseD

tahilid gnay nemubeK netapubaK nertnasepsuluB natamaceK naajrekep irad

ujnunem nakk r ialin gnutih ( 915,84 ) r > lebat ( 195,5 ) naadebrep ada itrareb gnay

takaraysam aratna ajrek isapisitrap sirarga rotkes takaraysam nagned rotkes

nanijarek .naajrekep rotkaf irad tahilid ajrek maj halmuj irad tahiliD

takaraysam sirarga rotkes kides hibel takaraysam adap nakgnidnab id ti


86

nanijarek rotkes rotkes takaraysam anerak nakbabesid ini lah , sirarga rotkes

misum adap nakubisid kaynab gnay hawas adap nakgnutnaggnem aynah

takaraysam nakgnadeS .nenap misum nad manat nanijarek rotkes ripmah

m irah paites akerem inatreb akerem niales utiay ajrekeb satifitka ikilime

gabes nagnipmas ahasu ikilimem aguj a akam naikimed nagneD .nijargnep i

takaraysam nanijarek rotkes rotkes gnay ajrek maj halmuj nakaideynem

takaraysam adapirad kaynab hibel sirarga rotkes ideyneP . ajrek aganet na

lah nakrasadreB .uggnim pait ajrekeb aynamal helo ihuragnepid aguj

aynamal awhab tahilid tapad akam sata id tubesret pait ajrekeb gnaro

uggnim ipatet naka ,hunep uggnim pait ajrekeb gnay gnaro adA .amas kadit

ajrekeb gnay gnaro aguj kaynab nad nanigniek sata uggnimes maj aparebeb

natapmesek aynsatabret gnubuhreb askapret anerak uata iridnes nahilip

awhab naklupmisid tapad akam naikimed nagneD .hunep ajrekeb kutnu

nikames akam agraulek utaus malad gnaroeses ajrek maj kaynab nikames

nit iggnit ajrek maj tikides nikames aynkilabeS .ajrek isapisitrap takg

nikames ajrek isapisitrap takgnit akam agraulek utaus malad gnaroeses

.hadner


96

V BAB I

NARAS NAD NALUPMISEK

.A nalupmiseK

nakrasadreB nagned sisetopih iju ihC iju sumur - tardauK ihc( - )erauqs

dap takaraysam a sirarga rotkes takaraysam nad nanijarek rotkes id aseD

ojerkabmaT B natamaceK tapad akam ,nemubeK netapubaK nertnasepsulu

: naklupmisid

.1 naadebrep tapadreT adap rumu rotkaf irad tahilid ajrek isapisitrap

ceK hayaliw id ajerkabmaT ased takaraysam .baK ,nertnasepsuluB .

.nemubeK iggnit nikames awhab nakataynid tapad naikimed nagneD

nad ajrek isapisitrap naktakgninem nikames naka akam gnaroeses rumu

ini laH .aut rumu adap uata nuisnep rumu gnalejnem nurunem naka

rumu iggnit nikames anerak nakbabesid takgnit akam gnaroeses

naktakgninem naka aggnihes takginem nikames naka aynnahutubek

tubesret gnaro adap ajrek isapisitrap

.2 takgnit rotkaf irad tahilid ajrek isapisitrap naadebrep tapadret kadiT

.ceK hayaliw id ajerkabmaT ased takaraysam adap nakididnep

luB .nemubeK .baK ,nertnasepsu naajrekep awhab naksalejnem ini laH

,naasaibek rotkaf helo nakanerakid kaynab hibel nakukal akerem gnay

nakgnades ,akerem helo ikilimid gnay nalipmartek nad namalagnep

takgnit nakididnep iagabes satabes urab ikilim akerem gnay nakididnep

.rasad


07

.3 adap hapu rotkaf irad tahilid ajrek isapisitrap naadebrep tapadret kadiT

.baK ,nertnasepsuluB .ceK hayaliw id ajerkabmaT ased takaraysam

.nemubeK y hapu takgnit awhab naksalejnem ini laH helo amiretid gna

muleb nanijarek rotkes takaraysam nagned sirarga rotkes takaraysam

helo nakukalid gnay ajrek isapisitrap takgnit ayntakgninem nakbabeynem

.tubesret takaraysam

.4 adap naajrekep rotkaf irad tahilid ajrek isapisitrap naadebrep tapadreT

araysam .baK ,nertnasepsuluB .ceK hayaliw id ajerkabmaT ased tak

nemubeK . ajrek isapisitrap takgnit naadebrep aynada naksalejnem ini laH

rotkes takaraysam nagned sirarga rotkes takaraysam helo nakukalid gnay

.nanijarek m ajrek maj halmuj irad tahilid tapad ini laH rotkes takaraysa

rotkes rotkes takaraysam adap nakgnidnabid tikides hibel sirarga

aynah sirarga rotkes takaraysam anerak nakbabesid ini lah ,nanijarek

manat misum adap nakubisid kaynab gnay hawas adap nakgnutnaggnem

es takaraysam nakgnadeS .nenap misum nad paites ripmah nanijarek rotk

aguj akerem inatreb akerem niales utiay ajrekeb satifitka ikilimem irah

.nijargnep igabes nagnipmas ahasu ikilimem

.B ayntujnaleS naitileneP naraS nad nasatabreteK

gnay naras aparebeb ada ,sata id naitilenep nalupmisek nakrasadreB

:utiay nakiapmasid tapad

.1 adap satabret ini naitileneP tapme lebairav isapisitrap takgnit naadebrep

ajrek gnay nial lebairav nakhabmanem tapad ayntujnales naitileneP .


17

malad raseb nanarepreb nakiskiderpid ajrek isapisitrap takgnit nial aratna ,

uggnat halmuj ajrek namalagnep nad nimalek sinej,agraulek nagn .

.2 ,rasad nakididnep ikilimem gnay nijargnep nupuam inatep arap igaB

nupuam katec aidem iulalem kiab aynnasawaw naktakgninem aynkiabes

tapad ikilimid gnay nasawaw aynkiab nagned nakanerakid ,tenretni

takgninem nalisahgnep nakidajnem anug ajrek malad isapisitrap nak

ikiimem gnaroeses akij aynumu adap aneraK .kiab nikam akerem

nikam aguj nup aynnatapadnep aynmumu ,iggnit gnay ajrek isapsitrap

.alup iggnit

.3 p arap aynkiabes ,iggnit gnay ajrek hapu naktapadnem kutnU inate

tapad inatep igaB .ayninalajid ini taas gnay ajrek sativitka naktakgninem

ajrekeb ulales akerem aggnihes ,manat kococreb malad isairav nakukalem

utigeB .aynmanat kococ isah irad nagnutnuek naklisahgnem tapec nad

gninem kutnu ,nijargnep arap igab alup nagned aneraK .aynnalujnep naktak

nad kiab akerem ajrek sativitka nakidajnem nanasep aynkaynab

.kian aguj nup aynnalisahgnep nakaparahid

.4 nah ini naitilenep malad nakanugid gnay lepmaS id satabret ay aseD

ojerkabmaT ad ayntujnales naitilenep adap nakparahid , adap nakukalid tap

.alup adebreb gnay retkarak ikilimem aynutnet gnay nial naahasurep


27

AKATSUP RATFAD

.9991 .imisrahuS ,otnukirA naitileneP nemejanaM atpiC akeniR:atrakaJ .

.9991 .nilocniL ,daysrA nanugnabmeP imonokE atrakaygoY .NPKY EITS 4 isidE

.F ,sekreB la .te . .1002 llamS gniganaM - snoitceriD evitanretlA :seirehsiF elacs

.sdohteM dna .ertneC hcraeseR tnempoleveD lanoitanretnI :awattO

.9991 .SPB 8991 aisenodnI fo koobraeY lacitsitatS atrakaJ .kitsitatS tasuP oriB .

.9991 .nehpetS ,B nosreteP dna nhoJ ,M nehoC noitazilartneceD evitartsinimdA

)seirtnuoC gnipoleveD rof seigetartS( iramuK . ASU:sserP na

.4891 .R ,mawaD natapmeseK naD isasilairtsudnI ,nainatreP isamropsnarT

ajreK .IU:atrakaJ .

.7991 .onojeoS naD ,namharradbA .H nad narikimeP utaus( naitileneP edoteM

)naparenep .atrakaJ atpiC akeniR .

M isapisitraP takgniT .3002 .I igO ,ainatnI margorP malad takaraysa

.)PK2P( naatokreP id naniksimeK nagnaluggnaneP .ispirkS laisoS nasuruJ

.BPI nainatreP satlukaF .imonokE

.6891. S irahsA nasrI nagnidnabreP nauajniT utauS ,liceK irtsudnI .SE3PL .

.9891 .M regoR ,gniseeK .reropmetnoK iftkepsreP utauS :ayaduB igoloportnA

atrakaJ aggnalrE:

6002 .tamhcaR onotnayirK . )isakinumoK tesiR( sitkarp kinheT .anacneK

.puorG aideM adanerP:atrakaJ

.4002 .htimS .C nehpetS nad orodoT .P leahciM ainuD imonokE nanugnabmeP

E tibreneP .)agiteK .aggnalr


37

400 2.orocnuK dajarduM ,isamrofeR( haread nanugnabmep nad imonotO

.)gnaulep nad igetarts ,naanacnerep .aggnalrE tibreneP

.4002 .ynnoT naiderF ,naidsaN ytinummoC( takaraysaM nagnabmegneP

)tnempoleveD . .BPI nainatreP satlukaF :rogoB

.te lugaH reteP .2991 .lA nanugnabmeP D ase agabmeL nad S ayadaw

akaraysaM aseD naiD nasayaY:atrakaJ .

.5891 .edaM I ydnaS ifargoeG ,aisenodnI kilbupeR .dubkidpeD:atrakaJ .lanoigeR

halasaM .9891 .nawariW otilraS ,onowraS - id natakaraysameK halasaM

raniS:atrakaJ .aisenodnI naparaH

.4791 .naigaiS nasatabreP satniL kududneP satiliboM“ natnamilaK susaK(

taraB - )kawareS ,” amsirP atrakaJ : SE3PL .4791 iraunaJ 1.oN ,

.8991 .J.namayaP ,katnujnamiS aisunaM ayadrebmuS imonokE ratnagneP .

EFPL:atrakaJ - .IU

.iraS .A nad U ,namriduS 6991 gnadnU - narutarep nad 5991 licek ahasU gnadnu

naisarepokrep ofnI artiM:atrakaJ .

oyruS okojD namikeoS okojD ,onosradeoS .M.R , . .5891 takaraysaM pudiH ayaG

naasedeP id awaJ keyorP naayadubeK nejriD DUBKIDPED :atrakaJ( ,

aayadubek naijkgnep nad naitilenep .aratnasuN n

.0102 .B ,nidufirayS nanadibeK kutnU kitsitatS ratnagneP .atrakaygoY .

.5002 nemubeK netapubaK )MJPR( hagneneM akgnaJ nanugnabmeP anacneR

6002 nuhaT - .01002 .nemubeK netapubaK hatiremeP

.7002.……… dni arageN ujunem( aisenodnI irtsudnI akimonokE urab irtsu

)?0302 .aggnalrE tibreneP


47

……… ,. .7991 .ffohpU nad dna tpecnoC noitapicitraP tnempoleveD laruR

noitaulavE dna noitatnemelpmI ,ngiseD tcejorP rof erusaeM weN .

ytisrevinU llenroC:kroY


LAMPIRAN


2102 lirpA .… ,nemubeK

adapeK

.…………… I/rdS/ubI/kapaB .htY

iD

tapmeT

,tamroh nagneD

takgniT naadebreP sisilanA“ naitilenep naanaskalep nagned nagnubuheS id susaK idutS( nanijareK rotkeS nad sirargA rotkeS aratnA ajreK isapisitraP

,ojerkabmaT aseD ayaS .”)nemubeK netapubaK ,nertnasepsuluB natamaceK I/rdS/ubI/kapaB nautnab nohomem atrakaygoY amrahD atanaS irad awsisaham

.nakireb ayas gnay renoiseuk isignem aynniadesek kutnu

ad renoiseuk isignem malad I/rdS/ubI/kapaB naaidesek sata ayas naparah raseB nhadum - igab taafnam nad nakusam idajnem tapad ini naitilenep lisah nahadum

.kahip aumes

ayas aynamasajrek nad naitahrep sata ,nakiapmas imak ini nanohomrep niakimeD.hisak amiret nakpacu

,ayas tamroH

itnayajiW irasantaR


ARACNAWAW

naadebreP sisilanA sifargomeD kepsA iraD uajnitiD ajreK isapisitraP takgniT

) nemubeK .baK ,nertnasepsuluB.ceK ,ojerkabmaT aseD id susaK idutS (

nednopseR

amaN )*…………………………… :

tamalA …………………………… :

naajrekeP …………………………… :

rumU/rihal laggnat tapmeT : ……………………………

rihkareT nakididneP …………………………… :

uggnimreP ajreK isapisitraP apareB …………………………… :

uggnimrep amiretid gnay hapU …………………………… :

)* isiiid kadit heloB


oN naajrekeP rumU rumU nakididneP nakididneP hapU hapU ajreK isapisitraP takgniT ajreK isapisitraP takgniT1 inateP 84 asaweD DS rasaD 000,052 gnadeS 03 gnadeS2 inateP 23 asaweD AMS hagneneM 000,062 gnadeS 82 gnadeS3 inateP 03 asaweD PMS rasaD 000,522 hadneR 23 gnadeS4 inateP 26 auT PMS rasaD 000,003 gnadeS 62 gnadeS5 inateP 06 auT PMS rasaD 000,043 gnadeS 42 gnadeS6 inateP 85 auT PMS rasaD 000,014 gnadeS 42 gnadeS7 inateP 84 asaweD AMS hagneneM 000,572 gnadeS 12 gnadeS8 inateP 34 asaweD PMS rasaD 000,083 gnadeS 12 gnadeS9 inateP 44 asaweD AMS hagneneM 000,004 gnadeS 12 gnadeS01 inateP 34 asaweD PMS rasaD 000,072 gnadeS 12 gnadeS11 inateP 24 asaweD PMS rasaD 000,562 gnadeS 12 gnadeS21 inateP 05 auT AMS hagneneM 000,004 gnadeS 42 gnadeS31 inateP 55 auT AMS hagneneM 000,024 gnadeS 82 gnadeS41 inateP 06 auT AMS hagneneM 000,582 gnadeS 12 gnadeS51 inateP 25 auT PMS rasaD 000,003 gnadeS 12 gnadeS61 inateP 05 auT PMS rasaD 000,013 gnadeS 81 hadneR71 inateP 05 auT PMS rasaD 000,004 gnadeS 12 gnadeS81 inateP 75 auT AMS hagneneM 000,034 iggniT 42 gnadeS91 inateP 63 asaweD AMS hagneneM 000,034 iggniT 81 hadneR02 inateP 54 asaweD AMS hagneneM 000,582 gnadeS 42 gnadeS12 inateP 74 asaweD PMS rasaD 000,572 gnadeS 42 gnadeS22 inateP 05 auT PMS rasaD 000,082 gnadeS 21 hadneR32 inateP 25 auT PMS rasaD 000,573 gnadeS 41 hadneR42 inateP 35 auT PMS rasaD 000,083 gnadeS 12 gnadeS52 inateP 24 asaweD AMS hagneneM 000,514 gnadeS 82 gnadeS62 inateP 94 asaweD PMS rasaD 000,082 gnadeS 81 hadneR72 inateP 82 asaweD PMS rasaD 000,034 iggniT 03 gnadeS82 inateP 63 asaweD PMS rasaD 000,034 iggniT 03 gnadeS92 inateP 53 asaweD AMS hagneneM 000,572 gnadeS 82 gnadeS03 inateP 23 asaweD AMS hagneneM 000,004 gnadeS 42 gnadeS13 inateP 92 asaweD PMS rasaD 000,004 gnadeS 82 gnadeS23 inateP 33 asaweD AMS hagneneM 000,034 iggniT 03 gnadeS33 inateP 06 auT PMS rasaD 000,572 gnadeS 82 gnadeS43 inateP 65 auT PMS rasaD 000,053 gnadeS 42 gnadeS53 inateP 25 auT PMS rasaD 000,044 iggniT 82 gnadeS63 inateP 64 asaweD PMS rasaD 000,534 gnadeS 82 gnadeS

naitileneP ataD isalutipakeR


73 inateP 44 asaweD PMS rasaD 000,572 gnadeS 42 gnadeS83 inateP 43 asaweD AMS hagneneM 000,054 iggniT 42 gnadeS93 inateP 83 asaweD PMS rasaD 000,004 gnadeS 42 gnadeS04 inateP 93 asaweD AMS hagneneM 000,054 iggniT 03 gnadeS14 inateP 73 asaweD AMS hagneneM 000,082 gnadeS 82 gnadeS24 inateP 26 auT AMS hagneneM 000,572 gnadeS 23 gnadeS34 inateP 56 auT PMS rasaD 000,052 gnadeS 82 gnadeS44 inateP 13 asaweD AMS hagneneM 000,014 gnadeS 03 gnadeS54 inateP 35 auT AMS hagneneM 000,014 gnadeS 23 gnadeS64 nijargneP 72 asaweD PMS rasaD 000,002 hadneR 63 gnadeS74 nijargneP 34 asaweD PMS rasaD 000,012 gnadeS 84 iggniT84 nijargneP 84 asaweD PMS rasaD 000,032 gnadeS 24 iggniT94 nijargneP 54 asaweD PMS rasaD 000,052 gnadeS 24 iggniT05 nijargneP 04 asaweD PMS rasaD 000,062 gnadeS 45 iggniT15 nijargneP 83 asaweD PMS rasaD 000,522 gnadeS 84 iggniT25 nijargneP 03 asaweD PMS rasaD 000,082 gnadeS 84 iggniT35 nijargneP 33 asaweD AMS hagneneM 000,582 gnadeS 84 iggniT45 nijargneP 23 asaweD PMS rasaD 000,092 gnadeS 04 gnadeS55 nijargneP 43 asaweD PMS rasaD 000,052 gnadeS 63 gnadeS65 nijargneP 73 asaweD PMS rasaD 000,542 gnadeS 63 gnadeS75 nijargneP 14 asaweD DS rasaD 000,082 gnadeS 24 iggniT85 nijargneP 73 asaweD PMS rasaD 000,072 gnadeS 84 iggniT95 nijargneP 13 asaweD PMS rasaD 000,532 gnadeS 84 iggniT06 nijargneP 52 ajameR PMS rasaD 000,522 gnadeS 65 iggniT16 nijargneP 54 asaweD PMS rasaD 000,062 gnadeS 84 iggniT26 nijargneP 72 asaweD PMS rasaD 000,042 gnadeS 04 gnadeS36 nijargneP 03 asaweD DS rasaD 000,062 gnadeS 04 gnadeS46 nijargneP 04 asaweD AMS hagneneM 000,082 gnadeS 24 iggniT56 nijargneP 14 asaweD PMS rasaD 000,542 gnadeS 84 iggniT66 nijargneP 03 asaweD PMS rasaD 000,532 gnadeS 04 gnadeS76 nijargneP 43 asaweD AMS hagneneM 000,522 gnadeS 84 iggniT86 nijargneP 04 asaweD PMS rasaD 000,043 iggniT 04 gnadeS96 nijargneP 05 auT PMS rasaD 000,582 gnadeS 84 iggniT07 nijargneP 23 asaweD PMS rasaD 000,032 gnadeS 84 iggniT17 nijargneP 53 asaweD PMS rasaD 000,032 gnadeS 04 gnadeS27 nijargneP 82 asaweD PMS rasaD 000,082 gnadeS 03 gnadeS37 nijargneP 13 asaweD DS rasaD 000,033 iggniT 84 iggniT47 nijargneP 03 asaweD PMS rasaD 000,572 gnadeS 84 iggniT57 nijargneP 07 auT DS rasaD 000,022 gnadeS 63 gnadeS


67 nijargneP 04 asaweD PMS rasaD 000,042 gnadeS 84 iggniT77 nijargneP 93 asaweD AMS hagneneM 000,532 gnadeS 63 gnadeS87 nijargneP 43 asaweD PMS rasaD 000,023 iggniT 24 iggniT97 nijargneP 96 auT PMS rasaD 000,572 gnadeS 65 gnadeS08 nijargneP 04 asaweD DS rasaD 000,512 gnadeS 24 iggniT18 nijargneP 05 auT DS rasaD 000,022 gnadeS 24 iggniT28 nijargneP 74 asaweD PMS rasaD 000,062 gnadeS 24 iggniT38 nijargneP 73 asaweD AMS hagneneM 000,533 iggniT 94 iggniT48 nijargneP 83 asaweD PMS rasaD 000,033 iggniT 94 iggniT58 nijargneP 34 asaweD DS rasaD 000,562 gnadeS 94 iggniT68 nijargneP 53 asaweD PMS rasaD 000,032 gnadeS 24 iggniT78 nijargneP 73 asaweD AMS hagneneM 000,032 gnadeS 24 iggniT88 nijargneP 83 asaweD PMS rasaD 000,042 gnadeS 94 iggniT98 nijargneP 33 asaweD PMS rasaD 000,532 gnadeS 04 gnadeS09 nijargneP 24 asaweD AMS hagneneM 000,032 gnadeS 24 iggniT


ataD ispirkseD

seicneuqerF

scitsitatS

rumU nakididneP hapU

takgniT

ajreK isapisitraP

N dilaV 09 09 09 09

gnissiM 0 0 0 0

elbaT ycneuqerF

rumU

ycneuqerF tnecreP tnecreP dilaV

evitalumuC

tnecreP

dilaV ajameR 1 1.1 1.1 1.1

asaweD 66 3.37 3.37 4.47

auT 32 6.52 6.52 0.001

latoT 09 0.001 0.001

nakididneP


evitalumuC

tnecreP

dilaV rasaD 46 1.17 1.17 1.17

hagneneM 62 9.82 9.82 0.001

latoT 09 0.001 0.001


hapU


evitalumuC

tnecreP

dilaV hadneR 2 2.2 2.2 2.2

gnadeS 57 3.38 3.38 6.58

iggniT 31 4.41 4.41 0.001

latoT 09 0.001 0.001

ajreK isapisitraP takgniT


evitalumuC

tnecreP

dilaV hadneR 5 6.5 6.5 6.5

gnadeS 45 0.06 0.06 6.56

iggniT 13 4.43 4.43 0.001

latoT 09 0.001 0.001


erauqS ihC ijU lisaH

sbatssorC

yrammuS gnissecorP esaC

sesaC

dilaV gnissiM latoT

N tnecreP N tnecreP N tnecreP

isapisitraP takgniT * rumU

ajreK

09 %0.001 0 %0. 09 %0.001

noitalubatssorC ajreK isapisitraP takgniT * rumU

ajreK isapisitraP takgniT hadneR gnadeS iggniT latoT

rumU ajameR tnuoC 0 0 1 1

latoT fo % %0. %0. %1.1 %1.1

asaweD tnuoC 2 63 82 66

latoT fo % %2.2 %0.04 %1.13 %3.37

auT tnuoC 3 81 2 32

latoT fo % %3.3 %0.02 %2.2 %6.52

latoT tnuoC 5 45 13 09

latoT fo % %6.5 %0.06 %4.43 %0.001

ihC - stseT erauqS

eulaV fd

.giS .pmysA

2( - )dedis




sesaC dilaV fo N 09




sbatssorC


sesaC

dilaV gnissiM latoT


takgniT * nakididneP

ajreK isapisitraP

09 %0.001 0 %0. 09 %0.001

noitalubatssorC ajreK isapisitraP takgniT * nakididneP


nakididneP rasaD tnuoC 4 53 52 46

latoT fo % %4.4 %9.83 %8.72 %1.17

hagneneM tnuoC 1 91 6 62

latoT fo % %1.1 %1.12 %7.6 %9.82


latoT fo % %6.5 %0.06 %4.43 %0.001

ihC - stseT erauqS

eulaV fd

.giS .pmysA

2( - )dedis




sesaC dilaV fo N 09




sbatssorC


sesaC

dilaV gnissiM latoT


isapisitraP takgniT * hapU

ajreK

09 %0.001 0 %0. 09 %0.001

noitalubatssorC ajreK isapisitraP takgniT * hapU


hapU hadneR tnuoC 0 2 0 2

latoT fo % %0. %2.2 %0. %2.2

gnadeS tnuoC 4 44 72 57

latoT fo % %4.4 %9.84 %0.03 %3.38

iggniT tnuoC 1 8 4 31

latoT fo % %1.1 %9.8 %4.4 %4.41


latoT fo % %6.5 %0.06 %4.43 %0.001

ihC - stseT erauqS

eulaV fd

.giS .pmysA

2( - )dedis



raeniL - yb - noitaicossA raeniL 700. 1 239.

sesaC dilaV fo N 09




sbatssorC


sesaC

dilaV gnissiM latoT


takgniT * naajrekeP

ajreK isapisitraP

09 %0.001 0 %0. 09 %0.001

noitalubatssorC ajreK isapisitraP takgniT * naajrekeP


naajrekeP inateP tnuoC 5 04 0 54

latoT fo % %6.5 %4.44 %0. %0.05

nijargneP tnuoC 0 41 13 54

latoT fo % %0. %6.51 %4.43 %0.05


latoT fo % %6.5 %0.06 %4.43 %0.001

ihC - stseT erauqS

eulaV fd

.giS .pmysA

2( - )dedis




sesaC dilaV fo N 09




nakididneP umlI nad naurugeK satlukaF AMRAHD ATANAS SATISREVINU

)4720( .pleT ,20055 atrakaygoY 92 soP lomorT ,nacirM 383265 )4720(.xaF ,253515 ,103315

romoN : /rujaK/tlnP/ SPIP / / 1102 naripmaL :

laH : nijI nanohomreP naitileneP

adapeK .htY aseD alapeK kapaB

aseD nignirwetnaR nertnasepsuluB , nemubeK

,tamroh nagneD

,imak awsisaham igab niji naknohomem imak ini nagneD amaN : itnayajiW irasantaR

shM .oN : 0 042317 02 idutS margorP : imonokE nakididneP

nasuruJ : nauhategneP umlI nakididneP laisoS retsemeS : IX ( nalibmeS )

nakanaskalem kutnU naitilenep nar malad nanusuynep napaisrep akg ispirkS nagned ,

:tukireb iagabes nautnetek isakoL : aseD nignirwetnaR .baK ,nertnasepsuluB.ceK , hagneT awaJ ,nemubeK

utkaW : sutsugA 2 110 luduJ/kipoT : isilanA naadebreP s takgniT ajreK isapisitraP kepsA iraD uajnitiD

sifargomeD .imak nanohomrep naikimeD satA naitahrep nad imak ,nakirebid gnay niji nakpacu

.hisak amiret ,atrakaygoY 8 sutsugA 1102

nakeD .b.u P nasuruJ auteK nakididne SPI

iS.M,.dP.S,.oyosraH senahoY

nasubmeT : .1 imonokE nakididneP tairaterkeS .2 PIKF nakeD


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