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NAUMENEP EDOTEM NAPARENEP HURAGNEP NAADEBREP

,NAFITKAEK ,TANIM PADAHRET HAMAREC EDOTEM NAGNED

KUTNEB MALAD NAABOCREP ATAD TATACNEM NAUPMAMEK

ID API NARAJALEP ATAM ADAP RAJALEB ISATSERP NAD ,LEBAT

RIGGNIM SUISINAK DS

ispirkS

tarayS utaS halaS ihunemeM kutnu nakujaiD nakididneP anajraS raleG helorepmeM

rasaD halokeS uruG nakididneP idutS margorP

:helO nususiD

itnasuS iniR

NIM : 870431180

RASAD HALOKES URUG NAKIDIDNEP IDUTS MARGORP

NAKIDIDNEP UMLI NASURUJ

NAD NAURUGEK SATLUKAF NAKIDIDNEP UMLI

AMRAHD ATANAS SATISREVINU

ATRAKAYGOY

2102

PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJIPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

i





RIGGNIM SUISINAK DS

ispirkS

tarayS utaS halaS ihunemeM kutnu nakujaiD nakididneP anajraS raleG helorepmeM

rasaD halokeS uruG nakididneP idutS margorP

:helO nususiD

itnasuS iniR

NIM : 870431180

RASAD HALOKES URUG NAKIDIDNEP IDUTS MARGORP

NAKIDIDNEP UMLI NASURUJ

NAD NAURUGEK SATLUKAF NAKIDIDNEP UMLI

AMRAHD ATANAS SATISREVINU

ATRAKAYGOY

2102


ii


iii


vi

OTTOM

paites licek hakgnal aynah uti nupiksem …halhakgnaleM

naped ek ujam kutnu nanalajrep haubes aneraK .aynirah

hakgnal nagned ialumid ulales - )ahtA( . licek hakgnal

yeht taht sleef enoemos fI rieht ni ekatsim a edam reven dah

rieht ni gniht wen a deirt reven dah yeht snaem ti neht ,efil

)nietsniE treblA( .efil

,srehto naht erom wonk :sseccus gnitteg rof secnetnes eerhT

mailliW( .srehto naht ssel tcepxe ,srehto naht erom krow

)eraepsekahS

nniW snaem gninniW .tsrif gnieb naem syawla t’nseod gni

)rialB einneB( .erofeb enod ev’uoy naht retteb gniod er’uoy


v

:kutnu ini hisak amiret napacu nad ayrak nakhabmesrepuK

,sutsirK suseY uktamalesuruJ nad itajes tabahaS

:ukautgnaro audeK

,atnicret gnaY inibuR anahoY ukubI aynhisak nad nanabrognep alages sata ,

sulut gnay

,ukhayA otramuS idaH kpB

,hisakret gnaY artupaS otnairrimhaF namsuG ukraseb agrauleK utas rep utas naktubesuk asib kadit gnay

aynnautnab alages sata hisak amiret

tabahaS - :uktabahas

M ,arE tnecN ,zicN ,ati nuhat kutnu hisak amireT - nailak amasreb nasekreb gnay nuhat

tabahaS - AMS asames uktabahas uka ,nailak takreB rajaleb utigeb lah kaynab

namet atreS - nagnaujrepes namet

nakukal uka gnay lah paites gnukudnem nad utnabmem sulut nagned gnaYihes .hisak amireT .ini kitit adap iapmas asib uka aggn


iv

AYRAK NAILSAEK NAATAYNREP

ini silut ayas gnay ispirks awhab aynhuggnuses nagned nakataynem ayaS

naktubesid halet gnay ilaucek ,nial gnaro ayrak naigab uata ayrak taumem kadit

ratfad uata napituk malad .haimli ayrak aynkayal anamiagabes ,akatsup

2102 rebmetpeS 62 ,atrakaygoY

,siluneP

itnasuS iniR

870431180 :MIN


iiv

gneP naadebreP edoteM nagned naumeneP edoteM napareneP hurat hamareC ataD tatacneM naupmameK ,nafitkaeK ,taniM padahre

malaD naabocreP tneB narajaleP ataM adap rajaleB isatserP nad ,lebaT kuDS id API riggniM suisinaK

itnasuS iniR : helO 870431180 : MIN

KARTSBA

edoteM hibel gnay narajalebmep edotem nakapurem naumenep

.sesorp adap isatneiroreb atres awsis nafitkaek adap naknakenem nakgnadeS kaynab hibel urug anam id narajalebmep edotem nakapurem hamarec edotem edotem huragnep naadebrep iuhategnem kutnU .narajalebmep malad narepreb akam ,awsis sesorp nalipmaretek padahret hamarec edoem nagned naumenep

gnay naitilenep haubes nakukalid .tubesret edotem audek nagned natiakreb iuhategnem kutnu riggniM suisinaK DS id nakukalid tubesret naitileneP naabocrep atad tatacnem naupmamek ,nafitkaek ,tanim padahret aynhuragnep

ajalep atam adap VI salek awsis rajaleb isatserp nad ,lebat kutneb malad .API nar awsis nakharagnem hibel naumenep edotem adap narajalebmep sesorP

tubesret sesorp amales ada gnay nahalasamrep nakiaseleynem malad fitka kutnu araces kiab awsis gnibmibmem nad ignipmadnem aynah uruG .gnusgnalreb

awsiS .kopmolek nupuam udividni narajalebmep sesorp malad tasup idajnem hamarec edotem nakanuggnem nagned narajalebmep sesorp nakgnadeS .tubesret hibel sesorp amales anerak gnaruk hisam awsis isapisitraP .fisap hibel gnurednec

.narajalebmep malad tasup idajnem uruG .urug helo isanimodid ,tanim set iulalem nakukalid halet gnay atad sisilana nakrasadreB

isatserp atres ,lebat kutneb malad naabocrep atad tatacnem naupmamek ,nafitkaek itkubret naumenep edotem naparenep awhab lisah helorepid ,rajaleb

alipmaretek irad kepsa tapmeek naktakgninem tahilret ini laH .tubesret sesorp natar roks irad - hibel nemirepske salek adap kifiseps araces API tanim set atar

utigeB .78,46 utiay lortnok salek roks nagned nakgnidnabid 39,17 utiay iggnitroks nagned ,kiab hibel nemirepske salek id awsis nafitkaek alup atar - 39,61 atar

edotem nakanuggnem aynah gnay lortnok salek roks nagned nakgnidnabid malad naabocrep atad tatacnem naupmamek irad lisaH .31,9 utiay ,hamarec

atar roks nagned ,nemirepske salek adap takgninem itkubret nup lebat kutneb - atar idajnem 3,1 lawa itkubret API narajalep atam adap awsis isatserp nakgnadeS .04,9

nakparenem gnay nemirepske salek adap kiab hibel gnay lisah helorepmematar roks nagned naumenep edotem - aynah gnay lortnok salek adapirad 00,5 atar

.35,3 roks nagned hamarec edotem nakparenem

naupmamek ,nafitkaek ,tanim ,hamarec edotem ,naumenep edotem :icnuk ataKlebat kutneb malad naabocrep atad tatacnem


iiiv

eht fo noitacilppA eht fo secnereffiD ehT yrevocsiD erutceL eht dna dohteM nI ataD latnemirepxE droceR ot ytilibA ,noitavitoM ,stseretnI eht no dohteM

inaK ni stcejbuS ecneicS ni tnemeveihcA gninraeL dna ,mroF ralubaT suisloohcS yratnemelE riggniM

yB itnasuS iniR

870431180 :rebmuN tnedutS

TCARTSBA

ehT id yrevocs eht no sisahpme erom taht dohtem gninrael eht si dohtemssecorp dna ytivitca tneduts - gnihcaet a si dohtem erutcel eht elihW .detneiro

oT .gninrael fo ssecorp eht no erom etubirtnoc srehcaet eht hcihw ni dohtemecnereffid eht fo tceffe eht enimreted eht drawot dohtem erutcel eht gnisu yb s

.sdohtem htob ot detaler detcudnoc si hcraeser siht neht ,ssecorp lliks ’stneduts enimreted ot loohcS yratnemelE riggniM suisinaK ni detcudnoc saw hcraeser ehT

ytiliba ’stneduts ,ytivitca ,tseretni no ecneulfni eht atad latnemirepxe eht drocer ot.stcejbus ecneics ni tnemeveihca tneduts edarg htruof eht dna ,mrof ralubat eht ni

eht no ssecorp gninrael ehT yrevocsid eb ot stneduts eht smia dohtemcaet ehT .ssecorp eht gnirud melborp gnitsixe eht gnivlos ni evitca erom ylno sreh

gninrael eht saerehW .spuorg ni ro yllaudividni stneduts eht ediug dna tsissa ’stneduts ehT .evissap erom eb ot sdnet dohtem erutcel eht gnisu ssecorp srehcaeT .srehcaet eht yb detanimod si ssecorp eht ecnis ssel si noitapicitrap

etnec eht emoceb .gninrael fo r fo stset eht hguorht enod neeb sah taht atad eht fo sisylana eht no desaB ralubat eht ni atad latnemirepxe eht drocer ot ytiliba ’stneduts ,ytivitca ,tseretni

oitacilppa eht taht evorp stluser deniatbo eht ,tnemeveihca tneduts eht dna ,mrof n eht fo yrevocsid si tI .ssecorp eht fo tcepsa htruof eht fo slliks eht ecnahne dohtem

eht hguorht tset tseretni ecneics eht fo erocs egareva cificeps eht morf nwohs taht serocs ssalc lortnoc eht ot derapmoc 39,17 naht erom si taht ssalc tnemirepxe

,46 si tteb si ssalc latnemirepxe eht ni stneduts fo ytivitca ,ylralimiS .78 na htiw ,re,61 fo erocs egareva no gnisu serocs ssalc lortnoc eht ot derapmoc 39 erutcel eht yl,9 yleman ,dohtem osla troper ralubut a ekam ot ytiliba eht fo tluser ehT .31

ht ni sesaercni eht ot derapmoc 39,61 erocs egareva na htiw ,ssalc latnemirepxe e atad latnemirepxe fo ytiliba eht morf tluser ehT .31,9 si taht ,dohtem erutcel

lc latnemirepxe eht esaercni ot devorp si mrof elbat ni dedrocer na htiw ,ssa,9 ot 3,1 fo erocs egareva ilrae 04 ecneics eht ni tnemeveihca ’stneduts ,saerehW .re

na ylppa taht ssalc latnemirepxe eht ni tluser retteb eht niatbo ot devorp si ssalcyrevocsid taht ssalc lortnoc eht ot derapmoc 00,5 serocs egareva eht htiw dohtem

eht htiw dohtem erutcel a gniylppa ylpmis .35,3 ylno serocs

:sdrowyeK yrevocsid drocer ot ytiliba ,ytivitca ,tseretni ,dohtem erutcel ,dohtemmrof ralubat eht ni atad latnemirepxe eht


xi

HAIMLI AYRAK ISAKILBUP NAUJUTESREP NAATAYNREP RABMEL

NAGNITNEPEK KUTNU SIMEDAKA

:amrahD atanaS satisrevinU awsisahaM ayas ,ini hawab id nagnat adnatreb gnaY

amaN itnasuS iniR :

awsisahaM romoN 870431180 :

naakatsupreP adapek nakirebmem ayas ,nauhategnep umli nagnabmegnep imeD

ay ayas haimli ayrak amrahD atanaS satisrevinU :ludujreb gn





RIGGNIM SUISINAK DS

id gnay takgnarep atreseB ayas akam naikimed nagneD .)ada alib( nakulrep

kutnu kah amrahD atanaS satisrevinU naakatsupreP adapek nakirebmem

kutneb malad aynalolegnem ,nial aidem kutneb malad nakhilagnem ,napmiynem

akisakilbupmem nad ,satabret araces nakisubirtsidnem ,atad nalakgnap id aynn

irad niji atnimem ulrep apnat simedaka nagnitnepek kutnu nial aidem uata tenretni

aman nakmutnacnem patet amales ayas adapek itlayor nakirebmem nupuam ayas

.silunep iagabes ayas

.aynranebes nagned taub ayas ini naataynrep naikimeD

aygoY id taubiD atrak

2102 rebmetpeS 62 laggnat adaP

nakataynem gnaY

itnasuS iniR


x

RATNAGNEP ATAK

anerak sutsirK suseY nahuT adapek naktajnap silunep rukuys nad ijuP

gnay ispirks nakiaseleynem tapad aynrihka silunep ayNhisak nahapmil takreb

edoteM nagned naumeneP edoteM napareneP huragneP naadebreP ludujreb

naupmameK ,nafitkaeK ,taniM padahret hamareC naabocreP ataD tatacneM

DS id API narajaleP ataM adap rajaleB isatserP nad ,lebaT kutneB malad

.riggniM suisinaK

nagnukud nad nautnab irad sapel kat nakiaseles silunep tapad ini ispirkS

nakirebmem itah gnanes nad sulut nagned gnay ,kahip iagabreb irad

mib nakpacugnem nigni silunep ,uti anerak helO .nakusam atres ,naras,nagnib

sulutes gnay hisak amiret - :adapek aynsulut

.1 umlI nad naurugeK satlukaF nakeD ukales ,D.hP ,idnahoR .srD kapaB

.nakididneP

.2 rgorP alapeK ukales ,A.M ,TSB ,.S.S .JS ,atnaharguN irA .G omoR idutS ma

.rasaD halokeS uruG nakididneP

.3 halet gnay ispirks gnibmibmep nesod ukales ,iS.M ,idamta .A .srD kapaB

.ispirks nanusuynep sesorp amales nakharagnem nad gnibmibmem

.4 aguj gnay audek gnibmibmep nesod ukales ,dE.M ,.isP.S ,anairdnA aglE ubI

ibmem halet .ispirks nasilunep sesorp amales gnibm

.5 .kimedaka gnibmibmep nesoD ukales ,A.M ,anassamidA .BY .srD kapaB

.6 DS .dP .S ,itutsamusuK anitsirhC ubI ukales , suisinaK DS halokeS alapeK

.naitilenep nakukalem kutnu niji nakirebmem halet gnay ,riggniM

.7 meniraP .GM ubI atres utnabmem hadus gnay ,VI salek urug ukales ,

.aynsalek id naitilenep nakukalem kutnu niji nakirebmem

.8 .naitilenep kejbus idajnem hadus gnay ,VI salek awsiS

.9 nameT - utnabmem halet gnay ,)unsiW ,iguS kabM ,ivoN ,arE( LPP namet

.naitilenep amales

.01 nameT - amet .aynnautnab nad amasajrek sata ,API gnuyap naitilenep n

ispirks malad ada gnay nagnarukek kaynab hisam awhab ,iradaynem siluneP

gnay naras nupuam kitirk apureb nakusam nakparahgnem silunep aggnihes ,ini


ix

rihkA .kiab hibel idajnem ini ispirks raga nugnabmem parahreb silunep ,atak

gnay kahip iagabreb utnabmem nad ,anugreb asib ini ispirks agomes

.nakhutubmem

2102 rebmetpeS 62 ,atrakaygoY

siluneP


iix

ISI RATFAD

LUDUJ NAMALAH ................................ ................................ ............ i

AUJUTESREP NAMALAH N GNIBMIBMEP ................................ ..... ii

NAHASEGNEP NAMALAH ................................ ............................... iii

OTTOM NAMALAH ................................ ................................ ........... vi

NAHABMESREP NAMALAH ................................ ............................ v

AYRAK NAILSAEK NAATAYNREP ................................ ................ iv

KARTSBA ................................ ................................ ........................... iiv

TCARTSBA ................................ ................................ ........................... iiiv

REP NAATAYNREP RABMEL AYRAK ISAKILBUP NAUJUTES

HAIMLI SIMEDAKA NAGNITNEPEK KUTNU ................................ xi

RATNAGNEP ATAK ................................ ................................ .......... x

ISI RATFAD ................................ ................................ ........................ iix

LEBAT RATFAD ................................ ................................ ............... vix

RABMAG RATFAD ................................ ................................ ............ vx

NARIPMAL RATFAD ................................ ................................ ........ ivx

I BAB NAULUHADNEP ................................ ................................ .. 1

.A halasaM gnakaleB rataL ................................ ................... 1

.B halasaM nasumuR ................................ ............................ 3

.C naitileneP naujuT ................................ ............................ 3

.D halasaM nasataB ................................ .............................. 4

.E naitileneP taafnaM ................................ ........................... 4

II BAB IROET NASADNAL ................................ .............................. 5

.A DS API narajalebmeP ................................ ........................ 5

.B naumeneP edoteM )yrevocsid( ................................ ........... 7

.C hamareC edoteM ................................ ............................... 9

.D awsiS taniM ................................ ................................ .... 01

.E nafitkaeK ................................ ................................ ....... 11

.F ataD tatacneM naupmameK kutneB malad naabocreP

lebaT ................................ ................................ .............. 21


iiix

.G rajaleB isatserP ................................ .............................. 31

.H naveleR gnay naitileneP ................................ ................ 41

.I naitileneP sisetopiH ................................ ....................... 51

III BAB NAITILENEP EDOTEM ................................ .................... 61

.A naitileneP sineJ ................................ .............................. 61

.B naitileneP kejbuS ................................ ........................... 61

.C naitilenep lebairaV ................................ ........................ 71

.D lanoisarepo isinifeD ................................ ...................... 71

.E naitilenep nemurtsnI ................................ ...................... 81

.F satidilaV ijU ................................ ................................ .. 12

.G ataD sisilanA kinkeT ................................ ..................... 12

VI BAB NASAHABMEP NAD LISAH ................................ ........... 52

.A naumeneP edoteM napareneP huragneP naadebreP

nagned kiab API taniM padahret hamareC edoteM

kifisepS nupuam mumU araces ................................ ...... 52

.B naumeneP edoteM napareneP huragneP naadebreP

awsiS nafitkaeK padahret hamareC edoteM nagned ...... 03

.C naumeneP edoteM napareneP huragneP naadebreP

naupmameK padahret hamareC edoteM nagned

lebaT malad naabocreP ataD tatacneM .......................... 23

.D naumeneP edoteM napareneP huragneP naadebreP

rajaleB isatserP padahret hamareC edoteM nagned

awsiS ................................ ................................ ............ 73

.E naitileneP nasatabreteK ................................ ................. 04

V BAB NARAS NAD NALUPMISEK ................................ ........... 24

.A nalupmiseK ................................ ................................ ... 24

.B naraS ................................ ................................ ............. 24

ISNEREFER RATFAD ................................ ................................ ...... 34

NARIPMAL ................................ ................................ ....................... 54


vix

LEBAT RATFAD

.1 lebaT isiK - silutret set isik ................................ ............................... 91

.2 lebaT isiK - tanim nemurtsni isik ................................ ..................... 02

.3 lebaT nafitkaek nemurtsni metI ................................ ...................... 12

lebaT 4 . nemirepske kopmolek awsis tanim roks ataD ........................ 52

lebaT 5 . lortnok kopmolek awsis tanim roks ataD .............................. 62

lebaT 6 . API tanim atad satilamron iju lisaH ................................ ...... 62

lebaT 7 . roks nagnidnabrep iju lisaH erp - tset API tanim ..................... 72

lebaT 8 . roks nagnidnabrep iju lisaH erp - tset ek tsop - tset API tanim ... 82

lebaT 9 . roks nagnidnabrep iju lisaH tsop - tset API tanim ................... 92

1 lebaT 0 awsis nafitkaek roks ataD . ................................ ..................... 03

1 lebaT 1 awsis nafitkaek atad satilamron iju lisaH . .............................. 13

1 lebaT 2 awsis nafitkaek roks nagnidnabrep iju lisaH . ......................... 13

1 lebaT 3 tad tatacnem naupmamek roks ataD . malad naabocrep a

lebat kutneb ................................ ................................ ......... 33

1 lebaT 4 atad tatacnem naupmamek atad satilamron iju lisaH .

lebat kutneb malad naabocrep ................................ ............... 43

1 lebaT 5 roks nagnidnabrep iju lisaH . erp - tset tatacnem naupmamek

lebat kutneb malad naabocrep atad ................................ ....... 43

1 lebaT 6. roks nagnidnabrep iju lisaH erp - tset ek tsop - tset

lebat kutneb malad naabocrep atad tatacnem naupmamek ..... 53

1 lebaT 7 roks nagnidnabrep iju lisaH . tsop - tset tatacnem naupmamek

lebat kutneb malad naabocrep atad ................................ ........ 53

1 lebaT 8. awsis rajaleb isatserp roks ataD ................................ ............. 73

lebaT 91 awsis rajaleb isatserp atad satilamron iju lisaH . ..................... 83

2 lebaT 0 roks nagnidnabrep iju lisaH . erp - tset awsis rajaleb isatserp .... 83

2 lebaT 1 roks nagnidnabrep iju lisaH . erp - tset ek tsop - tset isatserp

rajaleb awsis ................................ ................................ ......... 93

2 lebaT 2 roks nagnidnabrep iju lisaH . tsop - tset awsis rajaleb isatserp ... 93


vx

RABMAG RATFAD

.1 rabmaG naitilenep lebairaV ................................ .............................. 71


ivx

NARIPMAL RATFAD

.1 naripmaL subaliS ................................ ................................ ........... 54

.2 naripmaL narajalebmeP naanaskaleP anacneR ............................... 94

.3 naripmaL adnaG nahiliP laoS nad yassE ................................ ....... 95

naripmaL 4 . awsiS ajreK rabmeL ................................ ....................... 36

naripmaL 5 . taniM tekgnA API mumU araces kifisepS nad ................ 17

naripmaL 6 . awsis nafitkaeK natamagneP namukgnaR ...................... 57

naripmaL 7 . ataD isalubaT ................................ ................................ . 97

naripmaL 8 . SSPS ataD tuptuO ................................ .......................... 58

naripmaL 9 . naitileneP nakukaleM nijI taruS ................................ ..... 79

1 naripmaL 0 . naitileneP nakukaleM halet nagnareteK taruS ................. 89

1 naripmaL 1. otoF - nataigeK otof ................................ ......................... 99

1 naripmaL 2 . awsiS naajrekeP lisaH ................................ ................... 101


1

I BAB

NAULUHADNEP

.A halasaM gnakaleB rataL

,fitka tagnas gnay awij aynada nakkujnunem rajaleb ,fitingok iroet turuneM

s aynnapmiynem radekes kadit ,amiret atik gnay isamrofni halognem awij a aj

itaymiD malad renilreB nad egaG( isamrofsnart nakadagnem apnat ,onoijduM nad

6002 44 : jagnem rajaleb sesorp malaD .) nad isakifitnedignem upmam kana ra

,nakrisfanem ,sisilanagnem ,atkaf nakumenem nad iracnem ,halasam naksumurem

sis ,rajaleb sesorp paites malaD .nalupmisek kiranem nad nakkapmanem ulales aw

nafitkaek ymiD( 6002 ,onoijduM nad ita 54 : ) . silunep namalagnep nakrasadreB

,LPP amales nagned iauses muleb aynmumu halokes id rajagnem rajaleb sesorp

sesorp isinifed atres renilreB nad egaG helo nakakumekid gnay fitingok iroet

aymiD helo nakakumekid gnay rajagnem rajaleb rajaleb sesorP .onoijduM nad it

nem hisam halokes id rajagnem hamarec edotem nakanugg , anam id idajnem urug

tubesret sesorp malad tasup retnec rehcaet( de .) ,maid ,kudud aynah awsiS

apa tatacnem atres ,nakragnednem urug helo naksalejid gnay naidumek ,

asib aynitnan raga tubesret natatac malad ada gnay apa naklafahgnem

laos nakajregnem - isaulave laos . apureb aynah awsis helorepid gnay nauhategneP

duskam apa uhat akerem apnat nalafah ayn . lisah nakgnitnemem gnurednec uruG

adapirad tubesret narajalebmep irad .aynsesorp awsiS abocnem kutnu rajaleb kadit

p iridnes nakumenem nad uhat iracnem nakhutub akerem gnay nauhategne atres ,

.nasob asarem gnay akerem irad kaynab aynrihka nad fisap gnurednec

et tubesret edotem alibapa awsis igab kiab kadit ajas utnet ini laH surenem sur

kutnu rajaleb kadit nad fisap pakisreb asaibret naka awsiS .nakanugid

.ayntapadnep nakakumegnem rikipreb kutnu asaibret naka kadit aguj akereM fitka

natiakreb gnay malA nauhategneP umlI narajalep atam malad hibelret ,fitaerk nad

em arac nagned natnet uhat iracn .ratikes mala g malA nauhategneP umlI

,aynirajalepmem kutnU .irajalepid kutnu kiranem gnay umli utas halas nakapurem


2

iroet adap satabret aynah kadit - naumenep sesorp naktabilem aguj ipatet ,ajas iroet

sis anamid ,nemirepske iagabreb iulalem .tubesret sesorp malad fitka tabilret aw

turuneM nauhategnep nalupmuk naasaugnep aynah nakub API )0102( ajdetuS

apureb gnay atkaf - pesnok ,atkaf - ok pisnirp uata ,pesn - ,ajas pisnirp aguj ipatet

.naumenep sesorp utaus kutnu abocnem urug aynkadneh ,uti anerak helO

ebmep gnacnarem ,nakgnaneynem nad fitaerk gnay narajal kadit awsis aggnihes

egnem asib nad nasob asarem tapec utas halaS .akerem rikipreb arac nakgnabm

m gnay narajalebmep edote fitkefe API narajalep atam kutnu a edotem halad

naumenep )yrevocsid( .

naumenep edoteM )yrevocsid( tanim naktikgnabmem tapad awsis rajaleb ,

API narajalep atam adap amaturet kutnu akerem utnabmem tapad anerak

naabocrep iulalem fitaerk rikipreb arac nakgnabmegnem - .kiranem gnay naabocrep

erem natagni malad makeret asib nup naktapad akerem gnay nauhategneP hibel ak

ini edoteM .iridnes nakukal akerem gnay naabocrep irad lasareb anerak maladnem

nakgnabmegnem upmam aguj rikipreb arac akerem uhat nigni asar anerak awsis

apa imahamem hibel kutnu .narajalebmep malad nakketkarp akerem halet gnay

anerak ayntapadnep nad edi nakpakgnugnem malad irid ayacrep hibel asib awsiS

id irad nabawaj iskiderpmem kutnu nasabebek nakirebid urtsuj akerem inis

ap iapmas aynrihka mulebes nakukal akerem gnay nemirepske .nalupmisek ad

gnay rotatilisaf iagabes aynah ini narajalebmep sesorp malad urug nareP

gnibmibmem .nakulrepid alibapa awsis utnabmem nad

gnay nagned iauses nad lisahreb asib ini naumenep edotem naparenep ragA

nacner nusuynem surah kididnep akam ,nakparahid iauses gnay narajalebmep a

edotem naparenep gnukudnem kutnu nakulrepid gnay satilisaf nakirebmem atres

p nalipmaretek nakparahid ,ini edotem iulaleM .tubesret awsis sesor naka

bid takgninem hamarec edotem nakparenem aynah gnay salek nagned nakgnidna .

ini laH huragnep iuhategnem kutnu silunep igab nasala idajnem gnay hal tem edo

malad naabocrep atad tatacnem naupmamek ,nafitkaek ,tanim padahret naumenep

rajaleb isatserp atres ,lebat kutneb awsis irad .


3

.B halasaM nasumuR

naitilenep malad halasam nasumur akam ,tubesret gnakaleb ratal nakrasadreB

:halada ini

.1 hakapA naadebrep ada riggniM suisinaK DS id VI salek awsis tanim adap

nakanuggnem API narajalep atam naumenep edotem )yrevocsid( nagned

?hamarec edotem nakanuggnem

.2 hakapA nafitkaek naadebrep ada riggniM suisinaK DS id VI salek awsis adap

nakanuggnem API narajalep atam naumenep edotem )yrevocsid( nagned


.3 hakapA kutneb malad naabocrep atad tatacnem naupmamek naadebrep ada

lebat VI salek awsis riggniM suisinaK DS id API narajalep atam adap

nakanuggnem naumenep edotem )yrevocsid( nagned edotem nakanuggnem

?hamarec

.4 hakapA rajaleb isatserp naadebrep ada riggniM suisinaK DS id VI salek awsis

nakanuggnem API narajalep atam adap naumenep edotem csid( )yrevo nagned


.C naitileneP naujuT

:utiay halasam nasumur nakrasadreb ini naitilenep irad naujuT

.1 kutnU naadebrep tahilem adap riggniM suisinaK DS id VI salek awsis tanim

naumenep edotem nagned API narajalep atam )yrevocsid( nakgnidnabid

.hamarec edotem nagned

.2 kutnU naadebrep tahilem riggniM suisinaK DS id VI salek awsis nafitkaek

naumenep edotem nagned API narajalep atam adap )yrevocsid( nakgnidnabid


.3 kutnU naadebrep tahilem ocrep atad tatacnem naupmamek kuteb malad naab

nagned API narajalep atam adap riggniM suisinaK DS id VI salek awsis lebat

naumenep edotem )yrevocsid( .hamarec edotem nagned nakgnidnabid

.4 kutnU naadebrep tahilem riggniM suisinaK DS id VI salek awsis isatserp

agned API narajalep atam adap naumenep edotem n )yrevocsid( nakgnidnabid



4

.D halasaM nasataB adap sukof patet raga nahalasamrep isatabmem silunep ,ini naitilenep adaP

:utiay ,iapacid nigni gnay naujut

.1 p edotem halada nakanugid gnay edoteM naumene )yrevocsid( nad edotem

.hamarec

.2 .iynuB igrenE utiay ,nakanugid gnay narajalep iretaM

.3 kejbuS .riggniM suisinaK DS VI salek awsis utiay ,naitilenep

.D naitileneP taafnaM

itilenep irad lisaH ini nakukalid gnay na iagabreb igab taafnamreb nakparahid

:utiay ,kahip

.1 itileneP igaB

helorepmem itilenep ,ini naitilenep nagneD namalagnep nad nauhategnep

.API narajalep atam adap naumenep edotem nakparenem malad

.2 uruG igaB

nakgnabmegnem kutnu isaripsni irebmem upmam nakparahid ini naitileneP

edotem - ,fitavoni hibel gnay narajalebmep edotem atam adap aynsusuhk

.naumenep edotem nakparenem nagned API narajalep

.3 awsiS igaB

rajaleb namalagnep helorepmem awsis ,naumenep narajalebmep iulaleM

ankamreb gnay tubesret sesorp malad fitka tabilret awsis anerak .


5

II BAB

NASADNAL IROET

.A DS API narajalebmeP

.1 API takikaH nad naitregneP

relwoF turuneM ( omtapuS nad idamhA malad , :8002 )1 , “ nauhategneP umlI

nagned nagnubuhreb gnay ,naksumurid nad sitametsis gnay umli halada malA

alajeg - .iskudni nad natamagnep sata amaturet nakrasadid nad naadnebek alajeg ”

eP umlI gnatnet uhat iracnem arac nagned natiakreb )API( malA nauhategn

nalupmuk naasaugnep aynah nakub API aggnihes sitametsis araces mala

atkaf apureb gnay nauhategnep - pesnok ,atkaf - pisnirp uata ,pesnok - ajas pisnirp ,

2 ,ajdetuS( naumenep sesorp utaus aguj ipatet :010 .)4

irP turunem nakgnadeS onotnah ( otnairT malad , :0102 ,)731 ayntakikah API“

purem API ,kudorp iagabeS .”isakilpa nad ,sesorp ,kudorp utaus nakapurem naka

,nauhategnep nalupmukes .pesnok nagab nad pesnok nalupmukes utaus iagabeS

,iduts kejbo irajalepmem kutnu nakanugrepid gnay sesorp nakapurem API ,sesorp

kudorp nakgnabmegnem nad nakumenem - dorp u nias k s iagabeS . iroet ,isakilpa -

igab nahadumek irebmem tapad gnay igolonket nakrihalem naka API iroet

.napudihek

otnairT ( :0102 )441 epreb ,3 ada API takikah awhab tapadn :utiay

)1 nalipmaretek utiay ,sesorp iagabes API - arap nakukalid gnay nalipmaretek

.API kudorp helorepmem kutnu nawumli

)2 tapadnepreb uata nanikayekreb gnay pakis utaus utiay ,pakis iagabes API

hatrepid surah gnay uata iracnem akitek nawumli gnaroes nakna

.urab gnay nauhategnep nakgnabmegnem

)3 b utiay ,kudorp iagabes API uh ,pisnirp ,pesnok ,atkaf apure .iroet nad ,muk

d ,akisif ,igoloib utiay rasad umli gnadib agit itupilem API mumu araceS na

ubesret umli agiteK .aimik t tawel gnabmekreb nad rihal gnay umli nakapurem

hakgnal - naijugnep ,sisetopih nanusuynep ,halasam nasumurep ,isavresbo hakgnal


6

nad iroet naumenep atres ,nalupmisek nakiranep ,nemirepske iulalem sisetopih

:0102 ,otnairT( pesnok .)731

.2 narajalebmeP ayngnitneP DS id API

:9002 ,itnasuS malad( ordneH turuneM id API narajalebmep ayngnitnep ,)5

:DS

“ halokeS id API aynnakrajaid nagned anerak ,gnitnep nanarep ikilimem API apureb kiab ,akerem ratikes mala imahamem tapad awsis nakparahid rasaD

adneb - nad mala adneb unam nataub awitsirep nupuam ais - gnay awitsirep aynsusuhk ,umli naktapadnem kutnu nalipmaretek iaynupmem ;mala id idajret

nataigek nagned API - iukagnem ;narajalep nahab halognem kutnu nataigek nauhategnep lakeb iaynupmem atres ;asE ahaM gnaY nahuT narasebek rasad

kutnu anugreb gnay nakididnep gnajnej hupmenem .ayntujnales ”

gnukudnem anug gnitnep tagnas DS id API narajalebmep ,uti anerak helO

kutnu rajaleb asib awsis ,API irajalepmem nagneD .iridnes awsis nagnabmekrep

nkayal halasam nakiaseleynem nad rikipreb nagned nawumli gnaroes ay

surah ajas utnet nup aynnarajalebmep sesorP .haimli edotem nakanuggnem

id ,lah iagabreb nakitahrepmem iulalem narajalebmep ialumem nagned aynaratna

lah - lah ujunem naidumek anahredes gnay lah - ,skelpmok hibel gnay lah

nakitahrepmem pahat - narajalebmep atres ,kana fitingok nagnabmekrep pahat

.kiratret asarem awsis aggnihes nikgnum kiranemes gnay edotem nagned nakijasid

.3 VI saleK API rasaD isnetepmoK

salek kutnu iynuB igrenE halada ini naitilenep malad nakanugid gnay iretaM

semes DS VI kutneb iagabreb imahamem .8 isnetepmoK radnatS nagned II ret

irahes napudihek malad aynnaanuggnep arac nad igrene - rasaD isnetepmoK ,irah

ratikes nagnukgnil id tapadret gnay iynub igrene nakispirksednem 1.8

.)7002 ,dubkidpeD( onoyiW nad otnaytsiluS turuneM :8002( )121 :

“ S iynuB .iynub rebmus tubesid iynub nakraulegnem tapad gnay adneb aume laH .hamel gnay alup ada ,sarek gnay ada iynub rebmus helo naklisahid gnay

iynuB .tubesret iynub rebmus nataukek adap gnutnagret ini halada aynranebes rebmus irad narateg aratnarep taz iulalem tabmarem tubesret narateG .iynub

.aynragnednem atik aggnihes atik agnilet ek iapmas ”

iynuB .sag adneb nad ,riac adneb ,tadap adneb adap tabmarem tapad iynuB

nad riac adneb nagned nakgnidnabid tadap adneb adap tapec hibel tabmarem


7

ailirpA( iynub tabmar tapec aguj tubesid iynub natabmarep natapeceK .sag adneb

:9002 ,rayhcA nad .)631

)1 tadap adneb iulalem tabmarem iynuB

taubmem nagned nakitkubid tapad tadap adneb iulalem tabmarem iynuB

anam id ,nolin gnaneb nad kitsalp saleg nakanuggnem anahredes nopelet

.tadap adneb nakapurem gnay nolin gnaneb iulalem tabmarem naka iynub

)2 riac adneb iulalem tabmarem iynuB

m tabmarem iynuB naabocrep iulalem nakitkubid tapad riac adneb iulale

gnay sisednem iynub anam id ,ria malad ek noxoder telbat nakturalem

nad ria apureb aratnarep taz nagned agnilet ek iapmas tapad naklisahid

naidumek .aradu

)3 aradu iulalem tabmarem iynuB

alem tabmarem iynuB nakukalem atik taas nakitkubid tapad aradu iul

iulalem atik agnilet ek iapmas tapad iynuB .nial gnaro nagned naaracibmep

.atik ratikes id ada gnay aradu

.B ( naumeneP edoteM yrevocsiD )

turuneM :2002( otorbusoyruS )291 , :halada naumenep edotem

“S rudesorp utau ,nagnaroesrep narajagnep nakgnitnem gnay rajagnemnial nad kejbo isalupinam - edoteM .isasilareneg adapek iapmas mulebes ,nial

p itupilem gnay nakididnep ketkarp irad nenopmok nakapurem naumene isatneiroreb ,fitka rajaleb arac nakujagnem gnay rajagnem edotem adap

.fitkelfer nad iridnes nakharagnem ,sesorp ”

dnuS turuneM )391:2002 ,otorbusoyruS malad( , :halada naumenep edotem

“P latnem sesor anam id uata pesnok utauses nakisalimisagnem upmam awsis aratna tubesret latnem sesorp nagned nakduskamid gnaY .pisnirp al ni :

gnologgnem ,itregnem ,anrecnem ,itamagnem - ,naagud taubmem ,nakgnolog,rukugnem ,naksalejnem nad em .nalupmisek taubm ”

hakgnaL - p edotem naanaskalep hakgnal namuhcS turunem naumene ( malad

:2002 ,otorbusoyruS 991 :halada )


8

.1 .awsis nahutubek isakifitnedI

.2 pisnirp padahret nauluhadnep iskeleS - nad pesnok ,naitregnep ,pisnirp

.irajalepid naka gnay isasilareneg

.3 sagut atres amelborp nad ,nahab iskeleS - .sagut

.4 gnisam nanarep nad irajalepid naka gnay amelborp salejrepmem utnabmeM -

.awsis gnisam

.5 nakpaisrepmeM gnittes tala nad salek - .nakulrepid gnay tala

.6 nad nakhacepid naka gnay halasam padahret awsis namahamep kecegneM

sagut - .awsis sagut

.7 .naumenep nakukalem kutnu awsis adapek natapmesek irebmeM

.8 .awsis helo nakulrepid akij ,atad ,isamrofni nagned awsis utnabmeM

.9 ipmimeM atrep nagned iridnes sisilana n n nad nakharagnem gnay naay

.sesorp isakifitnedignem

.01 .awsis nagned awsis ratna iskaretni aynidajret gnasgnareM

.11 .naumenep sesorp malad taigreb gnay awsis nakrasebmem nad ijumeM

.21 nabmeM pisnirp naksumurem awsis ut - nirp eneg nad pis lisah sata isasilar

.aynnaumenep

M hakgnal iulale - naumenep edotem awhab tahilid tapad ,tubesret hakgnal

ini laH .narajalebmep malad nakanugid kutnu tapet gnay edotem nakapurem

ikilimem tubesret edotem nakanerakid ,hayitseoR( tukireb iagabes naluggnuek

:1002 02 - :)12

.a T ;nakgnabmegnem kutnu awsis utnabmem upmam ini kinke kaynabrepmem

/fitingok sesorp malad nalipmaretek naasaugnep atres ;napaisek nalanegnep

.awsis

.b /idabirp tagnas tafisreb gnay nauhategnep helorepmem awsiS laudividni

/hokok tapad aggnihes .tubesret awsis awij malad laggnitret maladnem

.c d ini kinkeT .awsis arap rajaleb nahariagek naktikgnabmem tapa

.d gnabmekreb kutnu awsis adapek natapmesek nakirebmem upmam ini kinkeT

gnisam aynnaupmamek nagned iauses ujam nad - .gnisam


9

.e m ini kinkeT akharagnem upma ikilimem hibel aggnihes ,rajaleb awsis arac n

.taig hibel rajaleb kutnu tauk gnay isavitom

.f m ini kinkeT naayacrepek habmanem nad taukrepmem kutnu awsis utnabme

.irid naumenep sesorp nagned iridnes irid adap

.g ,awsis adap tasupreb ini igetartS .urug adap kadit namet iagabes aynah uruG

.nakulrepid alib utnabmem ;ajas rajaleb

tet nakA naumenep edotem ipa nahamelek irad sapel kadit - gnay nahamelek

edotem nakparenem nigni gnay kididnep arap helo nakitahrepid surah ajas utnet

ameleK .narajalebmep sesorp malad tubesret nah :utiay naumenep edotem irad

)1 atnem nagnatamek nad napaisek ada surah awsis adaP l .ini rajaleb arac kutnu

aynratikes naadaek iuhategnem kutnu nanigniekreb nad inareb surah awsiS

.kiab nagned

)2 hreb gnaruk naka ini kinket naanuggnep raseb ulalret salek aliB .lisa

)3 d asaib hadus gnay awsis nad urug igaB ne nag sidart narajagnep i nikgnum lano

.naumenep kinket nagned itnagid alib awecek tagnas naka

)4 A latnem sesorp awhab tapadnepreb gnay ad kinket malad ulalret ini

tahrepmem gnaruk ,ajas naitregnep sesorp nakgnitnemem /nagnabmekrep naki

.awsis igab nalipmaretek nad pakis nakutnebmep

)5 araces rikipreb kutnu natapmesek nakirebmem kadit nikgnum ini kinkeT

.fitaerk

.C hamareC edoteM

helo nasil araces gnusgnal narutunep itrareb hamarec ,atak lasa turuneM

arap adapek rutunep ,isamrofni naksaul rabeynem aynasaib rutuneP .ragnednep

hakapa iuhategnem alup nigni ai alib naD .utnetret sagut nupuam ,pisnirp ,pesnok

nad ragnednep adapek aynatreb ai akam ,aynnarutunep isi pakgnanem ragnednep

ejnep irebmem ulal ,aynnabawaj nakragnednem nakitahrepmem atres ,nasal

.akerem ukalirep

rajagnem edotem utas halas halada hamarec edoteM 02 awsis halmuj nagned

,hibel uata gnaro niop naijaynep arac nagned - apureb narajalep nahab niop

sagut ,pisnirp ,pesnok ,isamrofni sgnal uata nasil araces urug helo adapek gnu


01

hotnoc nagned nasalejnep iatresid nad awsis - oidua isartsuli ,rabmag ,hotnoc

rusnu ,idaJ .naaynatrep nupuam ,naagarep ,lausiv - ,awsis halmuj itrepes rusnu

gnusgnal uata nasil iskaretni ,raja nahab isi ,awsis nataigek nad urug nataigek

atuid tagnas nakam )84 :9002 ,nialnaT( .

( narajalebmep malad tasup idajnem urug ,ini edotem adaP rehcaet - deretnec ) .

.urug arac nagned iauses utauses alages irajalepmem awsis utnabmem uruG

.D awsiS taniM

:8002( aisenodnI asahaB raseB sumaK turuneM ,)619 “ halada tanim

cek /nagnuredne /hariag .utauses padahret iggnit gnay itah nanigniek ” nakgnadeS

)8002 ,ilaajD malad( otemalS turunem , “m asar uata akus hibel asar halada tani

.huruynem gnay ada apnat sativitka sata lah utaus adap nakiratretek ” araceS

tanim ,anahredes )tseretni( uata iggnit gnay nahariagek nad nagnuredneek itrareb

:3002 ,nibbihuM( utauses padahret raseb gnay nanigniek .)151

repuS( tanim irad naiserpskegnep kutneb nakrasadreb tanim nagnologgneP &

:1002 ,initrahuS malad stirK :itupilem )52

.1 retnI desserpxE tse ,labrev araces nakiserpskeid gnay tanim nakapurem ,

,gnanes asar nagned nakkujnutid uata adahret akus .keybo utaus p

.2 tseretnI tsefinaM natabilretek irad naklupmisid gnay tanim nakapurem ,

.nataigek utaus adap gnaroeses

.3 tseretnI detseT nay tanim nakapurem , /nauhategnep set irad naklupmisid g

tek e .nataigek utaus nalipmar

.4 ,tseretnI yrotnevnI iulalem nakpakgnuid gnay tanim nakapurem yrotnevni /

atad .nataigek

sativitka uata nataigek iulalem nakiserpskeid tanim mumu araceS kutnu nad ,

iuhategnem kidni tanim rota sisilanagnem nagned tahilid tapad gnay nataigek

udividni nakukalid gnatnet kutnU .aynignanesid gnay keybo sisilanagnem tanim

aparebeb nakanugid rajaleb :1002 ,initrahuS malad initrakuS( rotakidni :utiay ,)62

.a utauses ikilimem uata iuhategnem kutnu nanignieK .

.b .aynignanesid gnay nataigek uata keybO

.c .iakusid gnay nataigek sineJ


11

.d .utauses padahret gnanes asar nakataynem gnay ahasU

seL malad( worC ecilA nad ret :4991 ,onomkeoL ritub 5 nakakumegnem )06

ubmut gnorodnem kutnu namodep nakidajid tapad gnay gnitnep fitom tanim aynh

:utiay gnaroeses irid malad rajaleb

)1 atam aumes irad kiab hibel gnay ialin helorepmem kutnu sarek gnay tarsaH

.narajalep

)2 gnadib hibel uata utas malad uhat nigni asar naksaumem kutnu nagnoroD

.iduts

)3 nahubmutrep nad nagnabmekrep naktakgninem tarsaH .idabirp

)4 gnaro irad naijup amirenem tarsaH - .aynratikes id gnaro

)5 kutnu gnatad asam id irid narabmaG em seskus hiar malad .utnetret gnadib

gnaroeses nanigniek padahret huragnepreb tagnas tanim ,uti anerak helO

naka gnarO .utauses nakukalem /rajaleb kutnu kadit nad isartnesnokreb hibel

nagned nakukalid naka naajrekeP .tubesret sativitka nakukalem taas nasob hadum

.naitahrep hunep nad nuket

.E nafitkaeK

halada kana awhab paggnagnem ini asawed igolokisp nagnuredneceK

nagnorod iaynupmem kanA .fitka gnay kulhkam ,utauses taubreb kutnu

:4991 ,onoijduM nad itaymiD( iridnes aynisaripsa nad nauamek iaynupmem .)44

,fitka tagnas gnay awij aynada nakkujnunem rajaleb ,fitingok iroet turuneM

ajas aynnapmiynem radekes kadit ,amiret atik gnay isamrofni halognem awij

apnat ilreB nad egaG( isamrofsnart nakadagnem ,onoijduM nad itaymiD malad ren

:6002 44 upmam nad ,fitkurtsnok ,fitka tafis ikilimem kana ini iroet turuneM .)

nad ,nakumenem ,iracnem kutnu upmam kanA .utauses nakanacnerem

lorepid halet gnay nauhategnep nakanuggnem rajaleb sesorp malaD .aynhe

nad iracnem ,halasam naksumurem ,isakifitnedignem upmam kana rajagnem

.nalupmisek kiranem nad ,nakrisfanem ,sisilanagnem ,atkaf nakumenem

nafitkaeK .nafitkaek nakkapmanem ulales awsis ,rajaleb sesorp paites malaD

ar akenareb uti itama atik hadum gnay kisif nataigek irad ialuM .aynkutneb mag

,acabmem apureb asib kisif nataigeK .itamaid hasus gnay sikisp nataigek iapmas


21

nalipmaretek hitalreb ,silunem ,ragnednem - hotnoC .ayniagabes nad ,nalipmaretek

akanuggnem aynlasim sikisp nataigek ikilimid gnay nauhategnep hanasahk n

nagned pesnok utas nakgnidnabmem ,ipadahid gnay halasam nakhacemem malad

itaymiD( nial gnay sikisp nataigek nad ,naabocrep lisah naklupmiynem ,nial gnay

:6002 ,onoijduM nad .)54

.F tatacneM naupmameK ataD B malad naabocreP lebaT kutne

nahital irad helorepid gnay nalipmaretek halada sesorp nalipmareteK

kareggnep iagabes rasadnem gnay laisos nad ,kisif ,latnem naupmamek

naupmamek - :0102 ,otnairT malad anayhaW( iggnit hibel gnay naupmamek .)441

knuF ( otnairT nad itawardnI malad , :0102 sesorp nalipmaretek igabmem )441

utiay ,natakgnit aud idajnem :

“K rasad takgnit sesorp nalipmarete )lliks ssecorp ecneics cisab( nad udapret sesorp nalipmaretek )lliks ssecorp ecneics detargetni( nalipmareteK .

savresbo :itupilem rasad takgnit sesorp ,narukugnep ,isakinumok ,isakifisalk ,i itupilem udapret sesorp nalipmaretek nakgnadeS .isnerefni nad ,iskiderp irebmem ,kifarg nusuynem ,atad lebat nusuynem ,lebairav nakutnenem nusuynem ,nakidileynep sisilanagnem ,atad sesorpmem ,lebairav nagnubuh

etopih nakanacnerem ,lanoisarepo araces lebairav nakutnenem ,sisdileynep ”.nemirepske nakukalem nad ,naki

:0102( otnairT turuneM 541 - )641 “ , p nakatagnem halada naisakinumokgne

gnay apa id atak napacu nagned iuhatek - uata ,isartsnomed ,rabmag ,nasilut ,atak

.kifarg ” nakukalem taas adap awsis nakajrekid gnay ukalirep aparebeB

:nial aratna isakinumok

.1 P .iauses gnay atak naarahadnebrep nakanuggnem natamagnep narapame

.2 P uata kifarg nagnabmegne nad natamagnep nakijaynem kutnu rabmag

.atad naagarep

.3 P d uata retsop nagnacnare naknikayem kutnu atad nakijaynem kutnu margai

.nial gnaro

:8002( aisenodnI asahaB raseB sumaK turuneM “ ,)0731 t halada leba atad

atak apureb aynasaib ,isamrofni atad )raseb( halmujes rasithki isireb - nad atak

ek turu ,metsisreb araces nususret gnay nagnalib tered nad rujal malad hawab

.kamisid hadum nagned tapad aggnihes satabmep sirag nagned utnetret ”


31

tatacnem sesorp nalipmaretek akam ,sata id naitregnep nakrasadreB atad

lisah isireb gnay atad nusuynem naupmamek halada lebat kutneb malad naabocrep

.lebat malad ek nakukalid halet gnay naabocrep

.G rajaleB isatserP

:1002( otnukirA turuneM ,)23 :utiay rajaleb isatserp

“H nakukalem awsis uata gnaroeses haletes iapacid gnay lisa .nataigek gnay isaulave lisah akij iggnit gnay isatserp ikilimem nakatakid kana gnaroeS

limem nakatakid tapad kana aynkilabes utigeb ,iggnit halada tapadid i ik.hadner isaulave irad tapadid gnay lisah alibapa hadner isatserp ”

nakapurem rajaleb isatserP gnay nalipmaretek uata nauhategnep naasaugnep

uata set ialin nagned nakkujnutid aynmizal ,narajalep atam iulalem nakgnabmekid

:8002 ,aisenodnI asahaB raseB sumaK( urug helo nakirebid gnay ialin .)1011

:6002( asayluM turuneM )091 , “ akapurem rajaleb isatserP iskaretni lisah n

.lanretske nupuam lanretni kiab ,rotkaf iagabreb ” rotkaF - gnay rotkaf

id tapad rajaleb lisah nad sesorp ihuragnepmem g :utiay ,tapme idajnem nakgnolo

.1 irajalepid gnay iretam uata nahaB

.2 nagnukgniL

.3 latnemurtsni rotkaF

.4 kidid atresep isidnoK

rotkaF - es kiab tubesret rotkaf c amasreb nupuam hasipret ara - amas

.kidid atresep rajaleb isatserp padahret utnetret isubirtnok nakirebmem

,asayluM malad( numkaM :6002 091 - nenopmok nakakumegnem )191 -

et huragnepreb nad ,narajalebmep malad kiabret gnay nenopmok isatserp padahr

aleb j :halada ra

.a hatnem nakusaM war( - )tupni gnay udividni kitsiretkarak adap kujnunem ,

narajalebmep sesorp tabmahgnem urtsuj uata nakhadumem tapad nikgnum .

.b anaras napakgnelek atres isakifilauk adap kujnunem ,latnemurtsni nakusaM

ulrepid gnay margorp nad rebmus uata nahab ,edotem ,urug itrepes ,nak .

.c anasaus nad ,kisif naadaek ,isautis adap kujnunem gnay nagnukgnil nakusaM

.namet nad rajagnep nagned nagnubuh atres ,halokes


41

gnay utauses halnakub rajaleb isatserp awhab nakkujnunem sata id naiarU

b .aynignakalebratalem gnay rotkaf iagabreb lisah nakapurem ipatet ,iridnes iridre

imaladid ulrep ,rajaleb isatserp gnatnet imahamem kutnu ,naikimed nagneD

rotkaf - :6002 ,asayluM( aynihuragnepmem gnay rotkaf )191 .

.H naveleR gnay naitileneP

gnay naitilenep utiay naumenep edotem gnatnet naveler gnay naitileneP

helo nakukalid iwD utseharP aralC agned )1102( imatU natakgnineP luduj n

et namahameP edoteM nagned dujuW nahabureP nad adneB tafiS iretaM gnatn

iregeN DS V saleK awsiS gnibmibreT naumeneP adap gnipmaG gnulpmayN

.1102/0102 narajaleP nuhaT 1 retsemeS tubesret naitilenep hilimem siluneP

nakitkubmem nad ,amas nakanugid gnay narajalebmep edotem anerak awhab

naktakgninem tapad gnibmibret naumenep edotem awsis namahamep .

rad tahilid asib ini laH atar ialin lisah i - irad majat takgninem silutret set atar

atar ialin ,lawa isidnok adaP .naitilenep nakadaid haletes iapmas lawa isidnok - atar

ialin 2 sulkis adaP .1 sulkis adap 50,26 idajnem takgninem naidumek 53,06 awsis

atar - nem igal takgninem awsis atar awsis halmuj esatnesrep nakgnadeS .28,07 idaj

takgninem 1 sulkis adap ,%49,25 lawa isidnok adap MKK iapacnem gnay

.%32,88 idajnem 2 sulkis adap nad ,%57,46

helo nakukalid gnay nial naitileneP kitiT gnatnet )8002( hisgninimatU

luduj nagned naumenep edotem natakedneP nagned narajalebmeP huragneP

nad ,nafitkaeK ,taniM padahret sipiT asneL nasahaB kokoP adap naumeneP

K id rajaleB isatserP ,atrakaygoY II irkpoB AMS X sale gnay naitilenep kusamret

ini naitilenep nagned naveler aguj gnay lebairav nad edotem anerak nakanugid

rajaleb isatserp nad ,nafitkaek ,tanim utiay ,amas tubesret naitileneP .

itrareb gnay huragnep iaynupmem naumenep edotem awhab nakitkubmem

.awsis rajaleb lisah natakgninep padahret

tahilid tapad ini laH erp lisah utiay ,lah aparebeb irad - nad tset tsop - aratna tset

;nakianek imalagnem gnay nemirepske salek nad lortnok salek naijugnep iulalem

05,44 lisah helorepid aggnihes nakukalid halet gnay yentihW nnaM sisetopih

U ialin anerak helO .000,0 rasebes .giS ialin nagned lebat 141 = U ialin itrareb , nutih g


51

U < ,lebat H kalonem halada aynnasutupek aggnihes 0 tapadret awhab itrareb gnay

atres ;nemirepske salek nagned lortnok salek aratna awsis rajaleb tanim naadebrep

lortnok salek adap nafitkaek airetirk %0 kaynabes awhab nakkujnunem gnay

irogetak kusamret fitka awsis irogetak kusamret %8,25 kaynabes nad ,fitka awsis

.nemirepske salek adap

.I sisetopiH naitileneP

sisetopiH irad :halada ini naitilenep

.1 aratna naadebrep aynadA naumenep edotem naparenep edotem nagned

hamarec tanim padahret API narajalep atam adap DS VI salek awsis

igrene nakispirksednem rasad isnetepmok aynsusuhk riggniM suisinaK

.ratikes nagnukgnil id iynub


hamarec nafitkaek padahret API narajalep atam adap DS VI salek awsis

suisinaK igrene nakispirksednem rasad isnetepmok aynsusuhk riggniM



hamarec atad tatacnem naupmamek padahret API narajalep atam adap

lebat kutneb malad naabocrep salek awsis riggniM suisinaK DS VI

nagnukgnil id iynub igrene nakispirksednem rasad isnetepmok aynsusuhk

.ratikes


hamarec VI salek awsis rajaleb isatserp padahret API narajalep atam adap

suisinaK DS igrene nakispirksednem rasad isnetepmok aynsusuhk riggniM



61

III BAB

NAITILENEP EDOTEM

.A naitileneP sineJ

naitilenep sinej halada nakanugid gnay naitilenep sineJ eurt latnemirepske

pit utiay latnemirepke edotem nagned fitatitnauk e erp - tsop tset - puorg lortnoc tset

ngised .)211:0102 ,onoyiguS(

kaca araces hilipid gnay kopmolek aud nakanuggnem ini edoteM .)modnar(

gnisaM - nakirebid kopmolek gnisam erp - tset nad tsop - tset iuhategnem kutnu

salek adaP .lortnok salek nagned nemirepske salek aratna naadebrep ada hakapa

,naumenep edotem nakanuggnem narajalebmep nakirebid nemirepske nakgnades

salek kiaB .hamarec edotem nakanuggnem narajalebmep nakirebid lortnok salek

nemirepske nakirebid lortnok salek nupuam erp - tset laos apureb yasse nahilip nad

,adnag kutnu kifiseps nupuam mumu araces API tanim renoiseuk atres

,uti nialeS .aynaudek aratnaid naadebrep ada hakapa lawa naadaek iuhategnem

.awsis nafitkaek natamagnep alup nakukalid kiab ,narajalebmep haletes naidumeK

nakirebid lortnok nupuam nemirepske salek tsop - tset renoiseuk nad laos apureb

taas adap itrepes amas gnay erp - tset narajalebmep irad lisah iuhategnem kutnu

.nakukalid gnay

.B naitileneP kejbuS

kejbuS riggniM suisinaK DS VI salek awsis halada ini naitilenep adap gnay

awsis 03 halmujreb )LPP( nagnapaL namalagneP ketkarP tapmet nagned iauses

.atrakaygoY ,namelS ,riggniM ,gnugagnadneS ,riggniM ased id katelret gnay

ek utiay ,kopmolek 2 idajnem igabid awsiS kopmolek nad lortnok kopmol

gnisaM .nemirepske - nagned igabid gnay awsis 51 halmujreb kopmolek gnisam

.eretol iulalem idnuid arac

nemirepske salek nagned lortnok salek aratna narajalebmep sesorp malaD

ek id narajalebmeP .adebreb gnay urug aud helo nakukalid nakukalid lortnok sal

laH .itilenep helo nakukalid nemirepske salek id nakgnades ,VI salek urug helo ni i

narajalebmep imahamem hibel itilenep nakanerakid naumenep edotem nagned id


71

naujut nagned iauses narajalebmep nakukalem tapad aggnihes nemirepske salek

.naitilenep malad

.C naitileneP lebairaV

agit nakanuggnem ini naitileneP :utiay ,lebairav

.1 ebairaV ini naitilenep malad nednepedni l utiay naumenep edotem )yrevocsid( .

.2 neped lebairaV utiay ,takiret uata ned nad ,rajaleb isatserp ,nafitkaek ,tanim

tatacnem naupmamek atad .lebat kutneb malad naabocrep

.3 ortnok lebairaV .utkaw nad awsis utiay ,l

lebairaV - :tukireb iagabes nakrabmagid tubesret lebairav

nednepedni lebairaV nedneped lebairaV

naitileneP lebairaV .1 rabmaG

.D lanoisarepO isinifeD

.1 sesorp adap isatneiroreb gnay narajalebmep edotem halada naumeneP edoteM

anam id adap ada gnay nahalasamrep irad naiaseleynep iracnem fitka awsis

.narajalebmep

.2 hamareC edoteM idajnem urug anam id ,narajalebmep edotem haubes halada

besret sesorp malad tasup .tu

edoteM narajalebmeP .a naumeneP edoteM .b hamareC edoteM tatacnem naupmameK atad

malad malad nabocreplebat kutneb

isatserPrajaleb

nafitkaeK

taniM


81

.3 .utauses padahret raseb gnay nanigniek uata nakiratretek asar halada taniM

.4 hadum gnay kiab ,sikisp nupuam kisif kiab nataigek utaus halada nafitkaeK

am itamaid u .narajalebmep sesorp amales itamaid hasus gnay nup

.5 irad naiapacnep lisah halada isatserP halet gnay narajalebmep sesorp

.ialin uata roks nagned iadnatid aynasaib gnay ,nakukalid

.6 tatacnem naupmameK atad utas halas halada lebat kutneb malad naabocrep

nakukalid halet gnay naabocrep irad lisah naksilunem sesorp nalipmaretek

.lebat kutneb malad

.7 mlI helorepid gnay nauhategnep nalupmukes halada malA nauhategneP u

nupuam atkaf gnatnet naumenep sesorp iulalem uhat iracnem arac nagned

pesnok - .pesnok

.8 .rategreb gnay adneb helo naklisahid gnay igrene halada iynub igrenE

.E naitileneP nemurtsnI

ini naitilenep adap nakanugid gnay nemurtsnI ,tanim nemurtsni halada

,nafitkaek nemurtsni tek nemurtsni e tatacnem sesorp nalipmar atad naabocrep

isatserp nemurtsni nad ,lebat kutneb malad iakapid gnay isnetepmoK radnatS .

e kutneb iagabreb imahameM .8 halada malad aynaanuggnep arac nad igren

irahes napudihek - sanap igrene nakispirksedneM 1.8 rasaD isnetepmoK atres ,irah

tafis atres ratikes nagnukgnil id tapadret gnay iynub nad - .ayntafis

.1 nemurtsnI naukalreP

id kiab narajalebmep takgnarep apureb ini nemurtsnI nemirepske salek

nakapurem gnaY .narajalebmep malad nakanugid gnay lortnok salek nupuam

:utiay tubesret narajalebmep takgnarep

.a subaliS

sirag isireB - kutnu narajalebmep nataigek atres narajalep atam irad raseb sirag

okes satitnedi taumem gnay ,utnetret salek isnetepmok ,isnetepmok radnats ,hal

lortnok salek nupuam nemirepske salek kiaB .rotakidni nad nataigek ,rasad

isnetepmok radnats nagned amas gnay subalis nakanuggnem isnetepmok nad 8

.1.8 rasad


91

.b narajalebmeP naanaskaleP anacneR

amales nataigek naturu isireB nasahab kokop utas malad narajalebmep sesorp

.subalis irad narabajnep nakapurem gnay helo taubid PPR ,nemirepske salek adaP

,awsis adap tasupret hibel gnay naumenep edotem nakparenem nagned itilenep

aynat nupuam ,isuksid ,naabocrep nakukalem nagned utiay .bawaj

hibel gnay iridnes salek urug helo taubid PPR ,lortnok salek adap nakgnadeS

nakragnednem kaynab hibel awsis anamid ,hamarec edotem nakparenem

.urug irad nasalejnep

.c awsiS ajreK rabmeL

hakgnal isireB - akukalid surah gnay naabocrep nataigek irad hakgnal helo n

.nemirepske salek id nakanugid aynah gnay ,kopmolek malad awsis

.2 narukugneP nemurtsnI

:apureb gnay naitilenep lebairav rukugnem kutnu nakanugid ini nemurtsnI

.a silutret seT

laos 3 apureb ini nemurtsnI yasse , kutnu nakanugid gnay rukugnem

tek e nalipmar lebat kutneb malad naabocrep atad tatacnem awsis sesorp laos 8 nad ,

mulebes nakirebid ini seT .awsis rajaleb isatserp rukugnem kutnu adnag nahilip

puam nemirepske salek id kiab ,narajalebmep haduses nad u .lortnok salek id n

kapurem ini hawabiD a isik n - isik :tubesret set audek irad

isiK .1 lebaT - silutret set isik

oN rotakidnI laos metI

adnag nahilip

laos metI

yasse

1. macam naktubeyneM - rebmus macam

iynub

2 ,1

2. arac iagabreb isakifitnedigneM

iynub natabmarep

7 ,6 ,3

.3 nakgnidnabmeM gnajnap huragnep

taz nahab sinej nad ,naruku ,kednep

iynub padahret tadap adneb aratnarep

8 ,5 ,4 3 ,2 ,1


02

.b renoiseuk rabmeL

nemurtsnI ini 02 nad ,mumu araces API gnatnet naaynatrep 02 irad iridret

fitisop naaynatrep apureb rasad isnetepmok gnatnet naaynatrep )elbarovaf(

fitagen nupuam )elbarovafnu( isik nakapurem tukireB . - .tanim nemurtsni irad isik

lebaT 2 isiK . - tanim nemurtsni isik

rotakidnI elbarovaf metI elbarovafnu metI

nakiratretek pakiS 02,61,3,1

nakukalem kutnu naitahreP

nuket nagned utauses

21,2

isartnesnokreb hibeL 51,41,5

nasob hadum kadiT 01

utaus nagned tabilreT

iradaynem anerak nataigek

uata ayngnitnep aynialinreb

narajalep

71,31 91,7,4

utaus adap nakiratretek asaR

ada apnat sativitka uata lah

.huruynem gnay

8 81,11,9,6

latoT meti 7 31 met

.c isavresbo rabmeL

gnay nafitkaek rabmel apureb ini nemurtsnI itamagnem kutnu nakanugid

itka v amales awsis sati tamagnep helo isiid gnay narajalebmep sesorp itukignem

ini tukireB .meti 8 irad iridret ini nemurtsnI .surut nakanuggnem nagned

.nafitkaek nemurtsni irad meti nakapurem


12

lebaT 3 nafitkaek nemurtsni metI .

nafitkaek rotakidnI metI

.1 simanid rajaleb kareG 6

.2 isapisitraP 8 ,7 ,5 ,4

.3 laisos pudiH 3 ,2 ,1

.F satidilaV ijU

aumeS kiab nemurtsni erp - tset nad tsop - tset rabmel nad tanim tekgna ,

epit nakanuggnem ini naitilenep malad nafitkaek ytidilav tnetnoc .)isi satidilav(

lisah nad ,utkaw tameh hibel nakanerakid ini satidilav nakanuggnem itileneP

isadilav tapadnep iulalem ilha )tnemegduj trepxe( utiay , asarid gnibmibmep nesod

pukuc nemurtsni aumeS . sisilanaid gnibmibmep nesod helo ,naturu ,isi irad ialum

.aynsatilibailer atres ,asahab atat

.G ataD sisilanA kinkeT

iju nakanuggnem fitatitnauk araces sisilanaid ini naitilenep adap atad aumeS

iju halaynah nakukalid gnay hakgnal ,nafitkaek lebairav kutnU .kitsitats

brep iju nad satilamron .nafitkaek roks naem nagnidna

.1 sisetopiH

sisetopiH :tukireb iagabes naksumurid kitsitats

oH naupmamek ,nafitkaek ,kifiseps araces /mumu araces awsis taniM :

awsis rajaleb isatserp nad ,lebat kutneb malad naabocrep atad tatacnem adap

nemirepske kopmolek naumenep edotem nakparenem gnay kadit adebreb uata

amas es awsis tanim nakgnidnabid kaek ,kifiseps araces /mumu arac ,nafit

rajaleb isatserp nad ,lebat kutneb malad naabocrep atad tatacnem naupmamek

awsis lortnoc kopmolek adap .hamarec edotem nakparenem gnay

iH naupmamek ,nafitkaek ,kifiseps araces /mumu araces awsis taniM :

awsis rajaleb isatserp nad ,lebat kutneb malad naabocrep atad tatacnem adap

nemirepske kopmolek naumenep edotem nakparenem gnay adebreb nakgnidnabid


22

aces awsis tanim fiseps araces /mumu ar kaek ,ki atad tatacnem naupmamek ,nafit

awsis rajaleb isatserp nad ,lebat kutneb malad naabocrep k kopmolek adap lortno

.hamarec edotem nakparenem gnay

.2 ataD rajaleb tanim naabocrep atad tatacnem naupmamek ,nafitkaek ,

rajaleb isatserp nad ,lebat kutneb malad

4 roks utiay ,trekil alaks nakanuggnem API tanim renoiseuk nabawaj rokS

)ujutes kadit( 1 roks nad ,)ujutes gnaruk( 2 roks ,)ujutes( 3 roks ,)ujutes tagnas(

fitisop gnay naataynrep kutnu )elbarovaf( fitagen naataynrep kutnu aynkilabes nad

.)elbarovafnu(

aparebes iadnanem kutnu surut nakanugid ,awsis pait nafitkaek ialinem kutnU

gnay meti nagned iauses narajalebmep amales nataigek nakukalem awsis kaynab

atad apureb nakijasid gnay nagnutihgnep atad ,akaM .nafitkaek rabmel adap ada

.)surut halmuj( hatnem

.3 neP atad naijug

hakgnaL - itupilem gnay taraysarp iju apureb sisetopih ijugnem kutnu hakgnal

hakgnal nagned ,kitsitats iju naidumek ,satinegomoh nad satilamron iju - hakgnal

:tukireb iagabes

.a satilamroN ijU

kinket nakanuggnem atad satilamron ijU vorogomloK - vonrimS , nakanugid

:nakanugid gnay airetirK .kadit uata lamron helorepid gnay atad iuhategnem kutnu

)1 agrah akiJ 2( .gis - )deliat > .lamron atad isubirtsid akam 50,0

)2 agrah akiJ 2( .gis - )deliat < .lamron kadit atad isubirtsid akam 50,0

akam lamron atad isubirtsid akiJ nakanugid gnay laisnerefni kitsitats kinket

ini lah malad ,kirtemarap kitsitats halada t- tset lamron kadit atad isubirtsid akiJ .

kirtemarap non kitsitats iju halada nakanugid gnay kitsitats kinket akam nnaM -

.noxocliW uata yentihW

.b roks nagnidnabrep( satinegomoh ijU erp - tset )

sisilanagnem nagned nakukalid atad satinegomoh ijU erp - tset kopmolek irad

ikilimem atad audek hakapa iuhategnem kutnu nemirepske kopmolek nad lortnok

dnabmep nakukalid kutnu naknikgnumem aggnihes amas gnay rasad .nagni

:satinegomoh ialinem kutnu airetirK


32

)1 agrah akiJ 2( .gis - )deliat > nakifingis gnay naadebrep tapadret kadit 50,0

aratna erp - tset aynaudek nial atak nagned ,nemirepske nad lortnok kopmolek

huragnep iju nakukalid gnusgnal asib aggnihes atad satinegomoh ikilimem

.naukalrep

)2 agrah akiJ 2( .gis - )deliat < erp aratna nakifingis gnay naadebrep tapadret 50,0 -

olek nad nemirepske kopmolek tset ada kadit nial atak nagned lortnok kopm

.roks hisiles iju nakanuggnem aggnihes ,atad satinegomoh

.c nagnidnabrep ijU irad erp - tset ek tsop - tset

lortnok kopmolek malad nakianek idajret hakapa nakitsamem kutnu ini ijU

lisah roks nakgnidnabmem nagned nemirepske kopmolek nad erp - tset nad tsop -

tset :nakanugid gnay airetirK .

)1 agrah akiJ 2( .gis - )deliat > nakifingis gnay naadebrep tapadret kadit akam 50,0

aratna erp - tset nad tsop - tset .

)2 agrah akiJ 2( .gis - )deliat < nakifingis gnay naadebrep tapadret akam 50,0

aratna erp - tset ek tsop - tset .

.d roks nagnidnabrep ijU tsop - tset

ijU nagnidnabrep gnay naadebrep aynada nakitsamem kutnu nakukalid

roks aratna nakifingis tsop - tset .nemirepske kopmolek nagned lortnok kopmolek

:nakanugid gnay airetirK

)1 agrah akiJ 2( .gis - )deliat > nakifingis gnay naadebrep tapadret kadit akam 50,0

aratna tsop - tset tapad uata ,nemirepske kopmolek nad lortnok kopmolek id

nakifingis araces huragnepreb kadit naumenep edotem awhab nakatakid

atad tatacnem naupmamek atres ,rajaleb isatserp ,nafitkaek ,tanim padahret

.lebat kutneb malad naabocrep

)2 agrah akiJ 2( .gis - )deliat < nakifingis gnay naadebrep tapadret akam 50,0

roks aratna tsop - tset uata ,nemirepske kopmolek nad lortnok kopmolek id

nakifingis araces huragnepreb naumenep edotem awhab nakatakid tapad

atacnem naupmamek atres ,rajaleb isatserp ,nafitkaek ,tanim padahret t atad

.lebat kutneb malad naabocrep

idajnem gnay halini hakgnal nakanuggnem nagned nagnutihrep irad lisaH

akiJ .nakujaid halet gnay sisetopih irad nasutupek nalibmagnep malad rasad


42

agrah .gis 2( - )deliat rah alibapA .amiretid iH nad kalotid oH akam 50,0 < ag

.gis 2( - )deliat .kalotid iH nad amiretid oH akam 50,0 >


52

VI BAB

NASAHABMEP NAD LISAH

.A P naadebre edoteM nagned naumeneP edoteM napareneP huragneP

taniM padahret hamareC API kifisepS nupuam mumU araces kiaB

.1 ataD

tukireB naitilenep atad namukgnar nakapurem ini nad mumu araces API tanim

nemirepske kopmolek adap kifiseps naumenep edotem nakparenem gnay nad

lortnok kopmolek nakparenem gnay hamarec edotem lisah nakrasadreb ini ataD .

.nakigabid gnay tekgna adap awsis nabawaj

4 lebaT ataD . kopmoleK awsiS taniM rokS nemirepskE

oN nemirepskE kopmoleK

awsiS araces API taniM mumu

araces API taniMkifiseps

erP - tset tsoP - tset erP - tset tsoP - tset 1 07 08 77 97 2 47 56 66 76 3 07 77 76 08 4 86 27 96 66 5 76 66 17 86 6 36 86 66 76 7 97 08 67 08 8 67 96 66 66 9 66 07 76 96 01 16 26 06 66 11 96 77 86 37 21 07 27 27 37 31 47 37 57 47 41 65 76 55 17 51 57 77 37 08

latoT 8301 5701 8201 9701 ataR -

02.96 76.17 35.86 39.17 R ata


62

5 lebaT ataD . lortnoK kopmoleK awsiS taniM rokS

oN lortnoK kopmoleK

awsiS araces API taniMU mum

araces API taniMS kifisep

erP - tset tsoP - tset erP - tset tsoP - tset 1 76 46 26 56 2 66 27 56 46 3 55 26 46 65 4 66 27 66 96 5 47 07 67 37 6 86 56 17 86 7 57 97 57 75 8 06 55 55 16 9 67 67 67 26 01 16 65 06 56 11 86 86 76 86 21 86 17 07 07 31 17 37 07 66 41 85 46 16 56 51 86 67 56 46

latoT 1001 3201 3001 379 ataR -

37.66 02.86 78.66 78.46 R ata

.2 atad sisilanA

nakanuggnem nagnutihrep lisaH swodniW rof 81 WSAP awhab nakkujnunem

agrah irad raseb hibel anerak lamron isubirtsidreb atad aumes 2( .gis - )deliat 50,0

.ini hawab id lebat irad tahilid tapad gnay

6 lebaT . lisaH ijU taniM ataD satilamroN API kifisepS nad mumU araces

d nagne vorogomloK - vonrimS

eK nagnaret naeM 2( .giS .pmyssA - )deliat sisilanA isubirtsiD

erP - tset tsoP - tset erP - tset tsoP - tset

taniM

nemirepske

mumu araces

02,96 76,17 589,0 528,0 .giS > 50,0 lamroN


72

lortnok taniM

mumu araces

37,66 02,86 976,0 359,0 .giS > 50,0 lamroN

taniM

nemirepske

araces

kifiseps

35,86 39,17 285,0 097,0 .giS > 50,0 lamroN

taniM lortnok

araces

kifiseps

78,66 78,46 ,0 699 8,0 54 .giS > 50,0 lamroN

roks nagnidnabrep iju apureb audek hakgnaL naem mulebes tanim

atad irad satinegomoh iuhategnem kutnu kopmolek audek irad narajalebmep

araces kiab API tanim ataD .nagnidnabmep nakukalid asib aggnihes tubesret

agrah anerak negomoh itkubret kifiseps nupuam mumu 2( .gis - )deliat gnay 50,0 >

rad tahilid tapad .ini hawab id lebat i

7 lebaT . lisaH ijU rokS nagnidnabreP erP - tseT taniM API araces

d mumU kifisepS na

nagnareteK naeM erp - tset

2(.giS - )deliat

lisaH

skE nemirep lortnoK

API taniM 02,96 37,66 ,0 872 negomoH

DK taniM 35,86 78,66 ,0 654 negomoH

akgnaL h nagnidnabrep ijugnem utiay agitek araces kiab API tanim roks

irad kifiseps nupuam mumu erp - tset ek tsop - tset kopmolek audek kutnu hilem ta

nakparetid gnay edotem irad huragnep , .tukireb lebat adap tahilid tapad gnay


82

8 lebaT . P ijU lisaH nagnidnabre rokS irad erP - tset ek tsoP - tset taniM API

kifisepS nad mumU araces

teK nagnare kopmoleK rokS naem M tani

API

giS . 2( - )deliat lisaH

sisilana

erP - tset tsoP - tset

taniM

araces

u mum

nemirepskE 6 02,9 76,17 111,0 kadiT

adebreb

lortnoK 6 37,6 6 02,8 142,0 kadiT

adebreb

taniM

araces

s kifisep

nemirepskE 6 35,8 39,17 920,0 adebreB

lortnoK 78,66 78,46 772,0 kadiT

b adebre

sumur nakanuggnem nagned nagnutihrep lisaH tseT selpmaS deriaP

imalagnem kadit mumu araces API tanim roks nagnidnabrep awhab nakkujnunem

agrah anerak nemirepske nupuam lortnok salek kiab nakifingis araces naadebrep

2( .gis - )deliat h nakgnadeS .50,0 > araces API tanim nagnidnabrep sisilana lisa

lagnem itkubret kifiseps nemirepske salek adap nakifingis araces naadebrep ima

agrah nagned nakkujnutid gnay 2( .gis - )deliat ipateT .50,0 < lortnok salek adap

anerak naadebrep imalagnem kadit agrah 2( .gis - )deliat 50,0 > .

m halada nakukalid gnay rihkaret hakgnaL nabrep iju nakukale roks nagnid

tanim roks aratna nakifingis gnay naadebrep aynkadit uata ada nakitsamem kutnu

tsop - tset .nemirepske nad lortnok salek adap kifiseps nad mumu araces API tanim

roks nagnidnabreP tsop - tset ada kadit awhab nakkujunem mumu araces API tanim

aadebrep agrah anerak nakifingis gnay n 2( .gis - )deliat irad hibel helorepid gnay

lisaH .kifiseps araces API tanim roks adap idajret nakifingis gnay naadebreP .50,0

agrah awhab nakkujnunem nagnutihrep 2( .gis - )deliat tahilret gnay itrepes 50,0 <

.tukireb lebat adap


92

9 lebaT . lisaH ijU rokS nagnidnabreP tsoP - tseT taniM API nad mumU araces

kifisepS

API taniM

naeM rihka tanim giS . 2( - )deliat lisaH

sisilana

nemirepskE lortnoK

mumu araceS 76,17 6 02,8 ,0 051 kadiT

adebreb

fiseps araceS ki 39,17 78,46 0,0 10 adebreB

.3 nasahabmeP

awhab lisah helorepid ,nakukalid halet gnay nagnidnabrep iju nakrasadreB

nakatakid asib aggnihes ,naadebrep imalagnem kadit mumu araces API tanim

adap awsis tanim itrareb gnay ,oH amirenem nad iH kalonem ini naitilenep awhab

,mumu araces API narajalep atam nad naumenep edotem nakparenem gnay kiab

hamarec edotem .amas uata naadebrep imalagnem kadit nakanerakid ini laH

nasalejnep isireb aynah awsis helo amiretid asaib gnay API narajalebmep sesorp

tanim aggnihes ,imahapid kutnu tilus gnay nalafah nad urug irad padahret akerem

.nahaburep imalagnem kadit mumu araces API narajalep atam

S tanim nakgnade narajalep atam padahret awsis kifiseps araces API

naadebrep imalagnem nad iH amirenem ini naitilenep nakatakid asib aggnihes ,

es awsis tanim itrareb gnay ,oH kalonem nemirepske kopmolek adap kifiseps arac

lortnok kopmolek nakgnidnabid adebreb naumenep edotem nakparenem gnay

hamarec edotem nakparenem gnay . edotem awhab nakitkubmem ini laH

igrene iretam adap API tanim padahret nakifingis araces huragnepreb naumenep

iynub ,naumenep edotem nakanuggnem nagned narajalebmep sesorp amaleS .

igrene nagned natiakreb gnay halasam nakiaseleynem malad fitka tabilret awsis

.kiranem gnay naabocrep nakukalem asib anerak gnanes asarem akereM .iynub

ret awsis tanim taubmem gnay halini laH m iynub igrene iretam padah imalagne

.naadebrep


03

edotem nakparenem aynah gnay narajalebmep nagned aynlah adebreB

hamarec lortnok salek id nad ,nakragnednem ,kudud aynah awsis ,inis iD .

m aggnihes ,fisap gnurednec awsiS .urug helo naksalejid gnay apa tatacnem akere

,gnusgnal araces nemirepske nakukalem kadit akereM .nasob tapec asarem gnires

nakub ,ukub irad lasareb aynah helorep akerem gnay nauhategnep aggnihes

kopmolek aratna namalagnep naadebreP .iridnes imala akerem gnay namalagnep

ni nemirepske nad lortnok akerem tanim aynadebreb nakbabeynem gnay hali

.iynub igrene iretam padahret

API narajalep atam adap awsis tanim awhab nalupmisek libmaid tapad akaM

naumenep edotem nakparenem gnay iynub igrene iretam nagned adebreb tanim

edotem nakparenem aynah gnay awsis .hamarec iroet nagned iauses tubesret lisaH

tapad naumenep edotem awhab hayitseoR helo nakpakgnuid gnay

.awsis rajaleb nahariagek nad tanim naktikgnabmem

.B P naadebre gneP edoteM nagned naumeneP edoteM napareneP hura

t hamareC awsiS nafitkaeK padahre

.1 ataD

namukgnar nakapurem ini tukireB naitilenep atad kopmolek awsis nafitkaek

gnay ataD .lortnok kopmolek nad nemirepske malad nakijasid kutneb id lebat

ini hawab helo nakukalid gnay natamagnep nakrasadreb tamagnep )revresbo(

.narajalebmep sesorp amales

1 lebaT 0. ataD awsiS nafitkaeK rokS

.oN awsis

nafitkaeK kopmoleKnemirepskE

kopmoleKlortnok

.1 82 9

.2 61 01

.3 71 8

.4 61 41

.5 41 01

.6 31 11

.7 21 01

.8 91 8


13

.9 62 9 .01 41 11 .11 31 8 .21 71 6 .31 32 8 .41 11 7 .51 51 8

latoT 452 731 ataR -atar

39,61 31,9

.2 atad sisilanA

sisilanA lamron isubirtsidreb nemirepske nad lortnok kopmolek nafitkaek atad

agrah anerak 2( .gis - )deliat :ini hawab id lebat irad tahilid tapad gnay ,50,0 >

lebaT 11 . ataD satilamroN ijU lisaH eK kopmoleK awsiS nafitka d lortnoK na

nemirepskE

kopmoleK naeM 2( .giS .pmyssA - )deliat sisilanA nagnareteK D isubirtsi

nemirepskE 39,61 614,0 .giS > 50,0 lamroN

lortnoK 31,9 286,0 .giS > 50,0 lamroN

atad awhab itkubret halet ,sata id satilamron iju lebat adap atad nakrasadreB

iju nakukalem halada ayntujnales hakgnal akaM .lamron isubirtsidreb kitsitats

kirtemarap sumur nakanuggnem nagned nakukalid halet gnay nagnutihrep lisaH .

t selpmaS tnednepednI - tset gnay naadebrep tapadret awhab nakujnunem

lortnok kopmolek aratna nakifingis agrah anerak ,nemirepske nagned 2( .gis -

)deliat .ini hawab id lebat adap tahilid tapad gnay 50,0 <

lebaT 21 . lisaH eP ijU rokS nagnidnabr nafitkaeK d lortnoK saleK id na

nemirepskE

teK nagnare naeM nafitkaek 2( isnakifingiS - )deliat sisilana lisaH

nemirepskE lortnoK

nafitkaeK 39,61 31,9 000,0 adebreB


23

.3 nasahabmeP

iju lisah nakrasadreB halet gnay nagnidnabrep nakukalid lisah helorepid ,

edotem nakparenem gnay nemirepske kopmolek adap awsis nafitkaek awhab

gnay lortnok kopmolek nagned nakgnidnabid naadebrep imalagnem naumenep

ini naitilenep awhab nakatakid asib aggniheS .hamarec edotem nakparenem

H kalonem nad iH amirenem kopmolek adap awsis nafitkaek itrareb gnay ,o

nafitkaek nakgnidnabid adebreb naumenep edotem nakparenem gnay nemirepske

.hamarec edotem nakparenem gnay lortnok kopmolek adap awsis

gnay narajalebmep sesorp ,nemirepske kopmolek adap nakanerakid ini laH

nem gnay naumenep edotem nakpare awsiS .awsis adap tasupret hibel nakukalid

aynat idajret kaynab aggnihes ,isuksid nad naabocrep nakukalem fitka gnurednec

.aynnial gnay awsis nagned awsis nupuam urug nagned awsis aratna bawaj

lortnok salek adap nakgnadeS gnay hamarec edotem nakparenem sesorp ,

lid gnay narajalebmep ,urug adap tasupret hibel nakuka hibel awsis aggnihes

awsis isapisitraP .urug helo nakiapmasid gnay nasalejnep nakragnednem kaynab

malad nupuam ayntapadnep nakpakgnugnem malad kiab ,gnaruk hisam

maynem .narajalebmep iretam nagned natiakreb gnay naaynatrep nakiap

,nakukalid halet gnay nagnutihrep nad isavresbo nakrasadreB akam ad tap

y nemirepske salek id awsis nafitkaek awhab naklupmisid edotem nakparenem gna

naumenep naadebrep imalagnem tkaek nakgnidnabid lortnok salek id awsis nafi

.hamarec edotem nakparenem aynah gnay nagned iauses ini laH gnay iroet

nenopmok nakapurem naumenep edotem awhab otorbusoyruS helo nakakumekid

arac nakujagnem gnay rajagnem edotem itupilem gnay nakididnep ketkarp irad

tka rajaleb .fi

.C naadebreP edoteM nagned naumeneP edoteM napareneP huragneP

malad naabocreP ataD tatacneM naupmameK padahret hamareC

lebaT kutneB

.1 ataD

naitilenep atad namukgnar nakapurem ini tukireB tatacnem awsis naupmamek

nakparenem gnay nemirepske kopmolek adap lebat kutneb malad naabocrep atad


33

hamarec edotem nakparenem gnay lortnok kopmolek nad naumenep edotem . ataD

nakrasadreb nakijasid gnay .nakajrekid halet gnay laos adap awsis nabawaj lisah

T 31 leba ataD . meK rokS d naabocreP ataD tatacneM naupma mala

lebaT kutneB

.oN S awsi

naupmameK neM d naabocreP ataD tatac lebaT kutneB mala rokS latoT assE y kopmoleK

nemirepskE rokS latoT assE y kopmoleK

lortnoK erP - set t soP t- set t erP - set t soP t- set t

.1 3 2 0 2

.2 0 1 0 0

.3 0 11 3 2

.4 21 61 5 3

.5 0 91 3 0

.6 6 6 0 0

.7 01 4 5 2

.8 2 0 3 2

.9 1 81 6 5 .01 4 61 0 2 .11 0 3 5 4 .21 2 71 0 0 .31 1 3 0 0 .41 0 6 4 4 .51 0 91 2 0 latoT 14 141 63 62

ataR -atar

37,2 4,9 4,2 37,1

.2 atad sisilanA

naupmamek padahret naumenep edotem huragnep iuhategnem kutnU

lebat kutneb malad naabocrep ratfad tatacnem l , nakukalem halada amatrep hakgna

sumur nagned atad satilamron iju vorogomloK selpmaS enO - tseT vonrimS lisaH .

s awhab nakkujnunem tubesret nagnutihrep anerak lamron isubirtsidreb atad aume

agrah 2( .gis - )deliat .ini tukireb lebat adap tahilret gnay itrepes 50,0 >


43

41 lebaT . lisaH ijU ataD satilamroN naabocreP ataD tatacneM naupmameK

d lebaT kutneB mala

K kopmole naeM 2( .giS .pmyssA - )deliat sisilanA nagnareteK

isubirtsid P er - tset P tso -t tse P er - tset P so t- tset

nemirepskE 37,2 04,9 833,0 784,0 .giS > 50,0 lamroN

lortnoK 04,2 37,1 082,0 133,0 .giS > 50,0 lamroN

hakgnal akam ,sata id lebat adap tahilret gnay nagnutihrep lisah nakrasadreB

roks nagnidnabrep iju nakukalem halada ayntujnales erp - tset nakukalid halet gnay

nagnutihrep irad lisaH .tubesret atad irad satinegomoh iuhategnem kutnu awsis

nakukalid halet gnay ikilimem uata negomoh tubesret atad awhab nakkujnunem

agrah anerak ,nagnidnabmep nakukalid tapad aggnihes amas gnay rasad 2( .gis -

)deliat .ini hawab id lebat adap tahilid tapad tubesret laH .50,0 >

51 lebaT . lisaH rokS nagnidnabreP ijU erP - tseT ataD tatacneM naupmameK

lebaT kutneB malad naabocreP kopmoleK audeK

nagnareteK naeM P er - tset )deliat2(.giS lisaH

skE nemirep lortnoK

erP - tset yassE 2 37, 04,2 ,0 377 negomoH

ntujnales gnay hakgnaL nagnidnabrep ijugnem halada ay roks aratna erp - tset

nagned tsop - tset em kutnu , naadebrep ada idajret hakapa nakitsam akifingis gnay n

nad lortnok kopmolek aratna ep nakrasadreB .nemirepske halet gnay nagnutihr

roks awhab nakkujnunem nakukalid erp naem - tset ek tsop - tset salek id

ingis araces adebreb nemirepske agrah anerak nakif 2( .gis - )deliat .50,0 <

agrah anerak nakifingis gnay naadebrep idajret kadit lortnok salek nakgnadeS .gis

2( - )deliat lebat adap tahilret itrepes ,50,0 > tukireb elbat .ini


53

lebaT 61 lisaH . idnabreP ijU n rokS nag erP naeM -t tse k e tsoP -t tse

audeK lebaT kutneB malad naabocreP ataD tatacneM naupmameK

kopmoleK

.teK kopmoleK rokS M nae giS . 2( - )deliat lisaH

A sisilan erP - set t soP t- set t

seT

assE y

nemirepskE 2 37, 04,9 700,0 adebreB

lortnoK 04,2 37,1 601,0 kadiT

adebreB

roks nagnidnabrep iju nakukalem halada nakukalid gnay rihkaret hakgnaL

tsop - yasse tset egnem kutnu nakifingis gnay naadebrep tapadret hakapa iuhat

roks aratna tsop - tset naupmamek adap nemirepske salek nagned lortnok salek id

nakkujnunem nagnutihrep lisaH .lebat kutneb malad naabocrep atad tatacnem

rokS .naadebrep imalagnem nemirepske nagned lortnok salek aratna awhab naem

tsop - tset irad raseb hibel nemirepske kopmolek id itkubreT .lortnok kopmolek

agrah irad 2( .gis - )deliat .ini tukireb lebat adap tahilid tapad gnay 50,0 <

lebaT 71 lisaH . rokS nagnidnabreP ijU tsoP -t tse tatacneM naupmameK

lebaT kutneB malad naabocreP ataD

tsoP -t tse

naeM

P tso -t tse

giS . 2( - )deliat lisaH

nemirepskE lortnoK

tsoP -t tse yassE 04,9 37,1 0,0 00 adebreB

.3 nasahabmeP

esorp nalipmaretek adaP atad tatacnem naupmamek ,API s malad naabocrep

lebat nakanerakid ini laH .gnitnep gnay lah utas halas nakapurem lebat kutneb

salej hibel nagned isamrofni nakirebmem kutnu arac utas halas iagabes nakanugid

nagneD .nial gnaro adapek helorepid gnay atad nalupmukes padahret

bat nakanuggnem d nad kamisid hadum hibel naka atad nalupmukes ,le .imahapi


63

tagnas ajas utnet ini laH atad aparebeb padahret namahamep malad utnabmem

kajaid awsis ,nakukalid halet gnay naumenep edotem iulaleM .nakijasid gnay

d ek naabocrep irad lisah tatacnem rajaleb kutnu .lebat kutneb mala

nakrasadreB lisah helorepid ,nakukalid halet gnay nagnidnabrep iju lisah

adap lebat kutneb malad naabocrep atad tatacnem awsis naupmamek awhab

molek awhab nakatakid asib aggnihes ,naadebrep imalagnem nemirepske kop

kalonem ini naitilenep naupmamek awhab itrareb gnay ,iH amirenem nad oH

malad naabocrep atad tatacnem awsis nemirepske kopmolek adap lebat kutneb

lortnok kopmolek nakgnidnabid adebreb naumenep edotem nakparenem gnay

.hamarec edotem nakparenem gnay

idajret tubesret laH anerakid salek adap narajalebmep sesorp amales nak

kadit urug ,lortnok naupmamek nakgnabmegnem kutnu abocnem tatacnem awsis

atad edotem halada nakparetid gnay edotem babes ,lebat kutneb malad naabocrep

.naabocrep nataigek aynada apnat hamarec adap ,uti anerak helO taas

laos nakajregnem tsop - tset ,sesorp nalipmaretek nagned nagnubuhreb gnay awsis

laos nagned nasob asarem anerak akerem nabawaj nakiabagnem hibel gnurednec

taas itrepes amas gnay erp - tset numan , nagned adebreB .aynimahamem kadit patet

ay nemirepske salek amaleS .nakifingis araces roks natakgninep imalagnem gn

raneb awsis ,nemirepske salek id narajalebmep sesorp - kutnu rajaleb raneb

taas adap aggnihes ,lebat kutneb malad ek naabocrep irad lisah tatacnem

laos nakajregnem tsop - tset imahamem hibel hadus akerem tapad aggnihes

aiaru nakrasadreb ,akaM .aynmulebes adapirad kiab hibel nagned nakajregnem n

naabocrep atad tatacnem awsis naupmamek awhab naklupmisid tapad sata id

nakgnidnabid iggnit hibel naumenep edotem nakparenem gnay lebat kutneb malad

awsis naupmamek .hamarec edotem nakparenem gnay adap aggniheS

sesorp nalipmaretek tapadret naumenep edotem nakparenem gnay narajalebmep

.atad lebat nusuynem utiay ,otnairT helo nakrapapid gnay itrepes udapret


73

.D naadebreP edoteM nagned naumeneP edoteM napareneP huragneP

awsiS rajaleB isatserP padahret hamareC

.1 ataD

r nakapurem ini tukireB naitilenep atad namukgna adap awsis rajaleb isatserp

lortnok kopmolek nad naumenep edotem nakparenem gnay nemirepske kopmolek

lisah nakrasadreb ini ataD .hamarec edotem nakparenem gnay adap awsis nabawaj

nakajrekid halet gnay laos .

lebaT 81 rajaleB isatserP rokS ataD .

.oN S awsi

isatserP B rajale rokS K nemirepskE kopmole rokS K kopmole lortnoK erP - set t soP t- set t erP - set t soP t- set t

.1 2 7 1 2

.2 4 2 2 5

.3 5 7 0 1

.4 6 5 4 5

.5 2 5 3 4

.6 3 4 1 3

.7 5 5 7 4

.8 3 4 6 7

.9 2 6 2 3 .01 3 5 2 3 .11 2 5 5 6 .21 4 5 4 4 .31 3 6 3 2 .41 2 4 4 1 .51 3 5 5 3

latoT 94 57 94 35 ataR - atar 62,3 5 62,3 35,3

.2 atad sisilanA

hakgnaL - edotem huragnep iuhategnem kutnu nakanugid gnay hakgnal

malad nakanugid gnay itrepes amas awsis rajaleb isatserp padahret naumenep

.lebat kutneb malad naabocrep atad tatacnem naupmamek nad tanim naijugnep

,atad satilamron iju utiay amatrep hakgnaL ini hawab id lebat nakrasadreb nad

anerak lamron isubirtsidreb adnag nahilip set kuteb malad rajaleb isatserp atad

agrah 2( .gis - )deliat .50,0 >


83

lebaT 91 . lisaH ijU ataD satilamroN awsiS rajaleB isatserP

nagnareteK

kopmoleK

naeM 2( .giS .pmyssA -

)deliat

sisilanA nagnareteK

D isubirtsi

erP -

set t

soP t-

set t

erP - set t soP t- set t

nemirepskE 72,3 00,5 903,0 883,0 50,0 > .giS lamroN

lortnoK 72,3 35,3 539,0 668,0 50,0> .giS lamroN

naem roks nagnidnabrep iju apureb audek hakgnaL erp - tset irad adnag nahilip

asib aggnihes tubesret atad irad satinegomoh iuhategnem kutnu kopmolek audek

ataD .nagnidnabmep nakukalid erp - tset hibel anerak negomoh itkubret tubesret

agrah irad raseb 2( .gis - )deliat .ini hawab id lebat irad tahilid tapad gnay 50,0

lebaT 02 . lisaH ijU rokS nagnidnabreP erP - tset awsiS rajaleB isatserP

nagnareteK naeM P er - tset .giS )deliat2( lisaH

skE nemirep lortnoK

erP - tset nahilip

adnag

72,3 72,3 000,1 negomoH

roks nagnidnabrep iju utiay agitek hakgnaL erp - tset ek tsop - tset id lebaT .

roks aratna nakifingis gnay naadebrep tapadret awhab nakkujnunem ini hawab

erp - tset ek tsop - tset kopmolek adap gnay kitsitats iju nakrasadreb nemirepske

sumur nagned nakukalid halet tseT selpmaS deriaP iulalem nakitkubid ini laH .

agrah 2( .gis -t )delia < .50,0 naadebrep idajret kadit lortnok salek adap nakgnadeS

agrah irad tahilret gnay ,nakifingis gnay 2( .gis - )deliat .50,0 >


93

lebaT 12 . lisaH ijU rokS nagnidnabreP erP - tset ek tsoP - tset rajaleB isatserP

awsiS

teK nagnare kopmoleK rokS M nae isnakifingiS sisilana lisaH

erP -

set t

soP t- set t

P seT nahili

G adna

nemirepskE 72,3 00,5 0,0 30 adebreB

lortnoK 72,3 35,3 ,0 565 b kadiT adebre

roks nagnidnabrep iju utiay rihkaret hakgnaL tsop - tset hakgnaL .adnag nahilip

roks aratna nakifingis gnay naadebrep aynkadit uata ada tahilem kutnu ini tsop -

tset nakanuggnem kitsitats ijU .nemirepske kopmolek nagned lortnok kopmolek

T selpmaS tnednepednI tse irad lisaH .lamron nakanugid gnay atad anerak

tihrep roks aratna nakifingis gnay naadebrep tapadret awhab nakkujnunem nagnu

tsop - tset agrah anerak nemirepske nagned lortnok kopmolek 2( .gis - )deliat 50,0 <

.ini tukireb lebat adap tahilid tapad gnay

22 lebaT rokS nagnidnabreP ijU lisaH . tsoP - tset aleB isatserP awsiS raj

nagnareteK

naeM tsop -t tse isnakifingiS

2( - )deliat

lisaH

A sisilan

nemirepskE lortnoK

soP t- set t 00,5 35,3 0,0 31 adebreB

.3 nasahabmeP

lisah helorepid ,nakukalid halet gnay nagnidnabrep iju lisah nakrasadreB

awsis rajaleb isatserp awhab nakparenem gnay nemirepske kopmolek adap

atakid tapaD .naadebrep imalagnem naumenep edotem ini naitilenep awhab nak

kalonem nial atak nagned ,iH amirenem nad oH adap awsis rajaleb isatserp

nakgnidnabid adebreb naumenep edotem nakparenem gnay nemirepske kopmolek

.hamarec edotem nakparenem gnay lortnok kopmolek


04

molek adap narajalebmep sesorP nakukalem kaynab hibel nemirepske kop

naiaseleynep iracnem kutnu naabocrep ada gnay nahalasamrep irad nabawaj nad

raneb awsis ,uti anerak helO .iretam malad - gnades gnay iretam imahamem raneb

taas adap aggnihes ,kiab nagned tapadid gnay isamrofni tagnignem nad ,irajalepid

iab nagned aynnakajregnem tapad awsis ,laos nakirebmem urug .k aynlah adebreB

sesorp amaleS .hamarec edotem nakparenem gnay lortnok kopmolek nagned

gnay apa kamiynem nad nakragnednem kaynab hibel awsis ,narajalebmep

,nalafah apureb naktapad akerem gnay nauhategneP .urug helo nakiapmasid

s nakajregnem taas aggnihes gnay iretam adap apul gnay akerem irad kaynab lao

.irajalepid halet

nalupmisek libmaid tapad akam ,sata id nakiapmasid halet gnay naiaru iraD

awhab iggnit hibel naumenep edotem nakparenem gnay awsis rajaleb isatserp

nay awsis rajaleb isatserp nakgnidnabid .hamarec edotem nakparenem g ini laH

naumenep edotem awhab ,hayitseoR helo nakpakgnuid gnay iroet nagned iauses

aggnihes idabirp tagnas tafisreb gnay nauhategnep helorepmem awsis utnabmem

.tubesret awsis awij malad laggnitret maladnem tapad

.E nasatabreteK naitileneP

.1 utkaW ilak aud kaynabes nakukalid aynah utiay ,satabret gnay naitilenep

laH .lamitpo araces nakirebid asib gnaruk narajalebmep sesorp nakbabeynem

lawdaj uggnaggnem kadit gnay utkaw iracnem aynhasus nakanerakid ini

.nial gnay narajalebmep

.2 I sn murt aynsatabret anerak ilha adapek nakijuid aynah gnay naitilenep ne

aumes aggnihes ,utkaw nemurtsni .nagnapal aboc iju iulalem kadit

.3 awsis taubmem aynmulebes nakparetid hanrep muleb gnay naumenep edoteM

rad adebreb gnay narajalebmep edotem nagned gnugnib kaga laH .aynasaib i

.tubesret edotem nagned asaibret muleb akerem nakanerakid ini

.4 narajalebmep sesorp taas aynhunepes asib kadit gnay urug lortnoK

rajagnem gnay urug nad ,amas nakanugid gnay utkaw anerak ,gnusgnalreb

nad nemirepske kopmolek aratna adebreb .lortnok kopmolek


14

.5 gnay salek anerak naidnu metsis nakanuggnem aynah gnay awsis nautneneP

.lelarap non salek halada naitilenep kutnu nakanugid

.6 nad ,isnegeletni ,isatserP redneg .isairavreb gnay awsis


24

V BAB

NARAS NAD NALUPMISEK

.A nalupmiseK

halet gnay nasahabmep nad atad sisilana nakrasadreB tapad akam ,nakiaruid

:awhab nalupmisek libmaid

.1 taniM padahret riggniM susisinaK DS VI salek awsis API kifiseps araces

nakparenem gnay naumenep edotem )yrevocsid( tanim nagned adebreb awsis

padahret nakparenem gnay kifiseps araces API .hamarec edotem

.2 API narajalep atam adap riggniM suisinaK DS VI salek awsis nafitkaeK gnay

nakparenem naumenep edotem )yrevocsid( awsis nafitkaek nagned adebreb

nakparenem gnay .hamarec edotem

.3 DS VI salek awsis lebat kutneb malad naabocrep atad tatacnem naupmameK

suisinaK API narajalep atam adap riggniM nakparenem gnay edotem

naumenep )yrevocsid( nakparenem gnay awsis naupmamek nagned adebreb

.hamarec edotem

.4 iretam API narajalep atam adap riggniM suisinaK DS VI salek awsis isatserP

iynub igrene nakparenem gnay umenep edotem na isatserp nagned adebreb

nakparenem gnay awsis .hamarec edotem

.B naraS

aparebeb nakiapmaynem itilenep ,nakukalid halet gnay naitilenep nakrasadreB

:naras

.1 nakparetid nad nakgnabmekid ulrep fitavoni gnay narajalebmep edoteM

,narajalep atam paites malad ,tanim naktakgninem itkubret anerak

.awsis rajaleb isatserp atres ,sesorp nalipmaretek ,nafitkaek

.2 P aynada ulre raga kiab gnay utkaw nad salek naalolegnep sesorp

.racnal nagned nalajreb tapad ini naumenep edotem nagned narajalebmep

.3 renep nagned narajalebmeP nad satifitaerk tutnunem ini edotem napa

kutnu sarek ajrek nad tagnames nakulrepid aggnihes ,nanuketek

.aynnakukalem


34

ISNEREFER RATFAD

idamhA & ,.A , omtapuS A , . ( 8002 ) . rasaD malA umlI .atpiC akeniR :atrakaJ .

ailirpA . .)8002( kutnu malA nauhategneP umlI VI saleK IM/DS tasuP :atrakaJ .

.lanoisaN nakididneP nemetrapeD naukubreP

S ,otnukirA . ( 1002 ) . rasaD - nakididnaP isaulavE rasad .araskA imuB TP :atrakaJ .

)7002( .dubkidpeD . nautas kutnu ) PSTK ( nakididneP nautaS takgniT mulukiruK

) II & I retsemes ( IM/DS rasad nakididnep .ayaJ atpiC .PB :atrakaJ .

.sankidpeD ( 8002 ) . aisenodnI asahaB raseB sumaK aidemarG TP :atrakaJ .

.amatU akatsuP

onoijduM & ,.E ,itaymiD . ( 6002 ) . narajalebmeP nad rajaleB akeniR :atrakaJ .

.atpiC

.H ,ilaajD .)7002( nakididneP igolokisP .araskA imuB :atrakaJ .

.)4991( .L ,onomkeoL rajaleB anamiagaB rajaleB .ayluM gnunuG TPB :agitalaS .

S ,nibbihuM . ( 3002 ) . igolokisP rajaleB .sreP ilawajaR :atrakaJ .

asayluM E , . ( 6002 ) . 4002 mulukiruK isatnemelpmI eR TP :gnudnaB . ajam

.ayrakadsoR

hayitseoR K .N , . ( 1002 ) . rajagneM rajaleB igetartS .atpiC akeniR :atrakaJ .

.onoyiguS ( 0102 ) . nakididneP naitileneP edoteM .atebaflA :gnudnaB .

.)1002( .D ,initrahuS kipoT padahret awsiS taniM - harajeS narajaleP ataM kipot

rotkaF aparebeB nad aynignakaleB rataleM gnay .IPU :gnudnaB .

otnaytsiluS & .onoyiW ( 8002 ) . .VI saleK IM/DS kutnu malA nauhategneP umlI

.lanoisaN nakididneP nemetrapeD naukubreP tasuP :atrakaJ

otorbusoyruS B , . ( 2002 ) . halokeS id nakididneP nemejanaM akeniR :atrakaJ .

.atpiC

uS itnas I , . .)6002( .malA nauhategneP umlI nakididneP ludoM DSU :atrakaygoY

)naktibretid kadit(

.)0102( .B ,ajdetuS V saleK DS kutnu API repuS .sisE :atrakaJ .

W ,nialnaT . ( 9002 ) . rajagnem rajaleb igetarts hailuk atam ludoM :atrakaygoY .

DSU naktibretid kadit( )

.otnairT ( 0102 ) . .udapreT narajalebmeP ledoM .araskA imuB :ayabaruS


44

.)1102( .D .imatU nad adneB tafiS iretaM gnatnet namahameP natakgnineP

DS V saleK awsiS gnibmibreT naumeneP edoteM nagned dujuW nahabureP

P nuhaT I retsemeS adap gnipmaG gnulpmayN iregeN .1102/0102 narajale

DSU :atrakaygoY )naktibretid kadit(

hisgninimatU T , . ( 8002 ) . naumeneP natakedneP nagned narajalebmeP huragneP

isatserP nad ,nafitkaeK ,taniM padahret sipiT asneL nasahaB kokoP adap

.atrakaygoY II irkpoB AMS X saleK id rajaleB DSU :atrakaygoY kadit(

)naktibretid


1 NARIPMAL

SUBALIS


54

NARAJALEBMEP SUBALIS

nakididneP nautaS : riggniM suisinaK DS narajaleP ataM API :

/saleK retsemeS / VI : 2 isnetepmoK radnatS irahes napudihek malad aynnaanuggnep arac nad igrene kutneb iagabreb imahameM .8 : - .irah

utkaW isakolA : )tinem 53x6( narajalep maj 6

isnetepmoKrasaD

iretaMP narajalebme narajalebmeP nataigeK rotakidnI naialineP isakolA

utkaW /rebmuStalA /nahaB

1.8 pirksedneM

igrene nakis nad sanap gnay iynub id tapadret nagnukgnil atres ratikes

tafis -ayntafis

nad igrenEnaanuggnep -

ayn o igrenE

iynuB - rebmuS

id iynubgnukgnil

naratikes

- abmareP nat

iynub

o nakukalem/gnacnareM

:nemirepske - iuhategnem kutnU

rebmus macam iagabreb id tapadret gnay iynub

ratikes nagnukgnil - isakifitnedignem kutnU

tapad iynub awhab iulalem tabmarem adneb

aradu nad ,riac ,tadap - nakgnidnabmem kutnU

naupmamek aratnarep taz tadap adneb

iynub nakratnahgnem

:fitingoK

.1 :kudorP .a naktubeyneM iagabreb

gnay adneb macam naklisahgnem tapad

iynub rebmus .b isakifitnedigneM

iynub natabmarep .c nakgnidnabmeM

taz naupmamek aratnarep tadap adneb

malad nakratnahgnem iynub

.2 P sesor : nad nakanacnereM

nemirepske nakanaskalem kutnu iuhategnem igrene

silutret seT

isavresbO

pj 6

:rebmuS

.1 SKL igrenEiynuB

.2 SKL icnuK igrenE

iynuB .3 lebaT

isakifisepS rabmeLnaialineP

.4 :1 PL kudorP

ipakgnelid1 PL icnuK

.5 sesorP :2 PL

.6 :3 PLrotomokisP

.7 :4 PL


64

isnetepmoKrasaD



iynub kutnu , isakifitnedignem iynub natabmarep , atres

kutnu nakgnidnabmemaratnarep taz naupmamek

malad tadap adneb iynub nakratnahgnem ,

itupilem gnay : .a ,halasam naksumurem .b iskiderp taubmem .c ,sisetopih naksumurem .d isakifitnedignem

,isalupinam lebairav .e isakifitnedignem

,nopser lebairav .f isakifitnedignem

,lortnok lebairav .g nakanaskalem

,nemirepske .h t taubmem ,atad leba .i sisilana nakukalem

,atad .j naksumurem

.nalupmisek

rotomokisP :

natamagneP ukalireP

retkarakreB .8 :5 PL

natamagnePalipmareteK

laisoS n

:talA/nahaB o ratiG o sudrak katoK o pitoleS o Gu gnitn o teraK o rettuC o G le sa kitsalp o telbaT

lacetorp o kodneS o acak lotoB o gnaneB nolin


74

isnetepmoKrasaD



.1 natalarep nusuyneM kutnu naabocrep

iagabreb iuhategnem.iynub rebmus

.2 natalarep nusuyneM kutnu naabocrep isakifitnedignem.iynub natabmarep

.3 natalarep nusuyneM naabocrep kutnu

nakgnidnabmem naupmamek taz

aratnarep tadap adneb nakratnahgnem malad

.iynub

:fitkefA

.1 ukalirep nakgnabmegneM:itupilem ,retkarakreb

.a rujuj

.b tamrec

.c itah - itah

.d akep

.e tapet

.2 nakgnabmegneM ,laisos nalipmaretek

isavresbO

isavresbO


84

isnetepmoKrasaD



:itupilem .a aynatreb , .b ,tapadnepreb .c idajnem ragnednep

,kiab gnay isakinumokreb


2 NARIPMAL

NARAJALEBMEP NAANASKALEP ANACNER


94

NARAJALEBMEP NAANASKALEP ANACNER

nakididneP nautaS : RIGGNIM KDS

narajaleP ataM : malA nauhategneP umlI

retsemeS/saleK : saleK VI , 2 retsemeS

narajalebmeP iretaM : iynuB igrenE

utkaW isakolA : tinem 53 x 4 x 2( )naumetrep

.A :isnetepmoK radnatS

napudihek malad aynnaanuggnep arac nad igrene kutneb iagabreb imahameM .8

irahes - .irah

.B :rasaD isnetepmoK

1.8 ratikes nagnukgnil id tapadret gnay iynub nad sanap igrene nakispirksedneM

tafis atres - ayntafis

.C rotakidnI :

fitingoK

.1 P :kudor

.a macam naktubeyneM - iynub rebmus macam

.b iynub natabmarep arac iagabreb isakfitnedigneM

.c tadap adneb aratnarep taz aynkednep gnajnap nagnidnabrep naksalejneM

naklisahid gnay iynub satilauk padahret

.2 :sesorP

ikidileynem kutnu nemirepske nakanaskaleM iynub igrene kutneb iagabreb

irahes napudihek malad aynnaanuggnep arac nad - irah itupilem gnay , :

.a halasam naksumurem

.b iskiderp taubmem

.c sisetopih naksumurem

.d isalupinam lebairav isakifitnedignem

.e nopser lebairav isakifitnedignem

.f ortnok lebairav isakifitnedignem l

.g nemirepske nakanaskalem


05

.h atad lebat taubmem

.i atad sisilana nakukalem

.j nalupmisek naksumurem

.3 rotomokisP :

.a tapad gnay rebmus ikidileynem kutnu naabocrep natalarep nusuyneM

iynub naklisahgnem

.b malad aratnarep taz ikidileynem kutnu naabocrep natalarep nusuyneM

iynub natabmarep

.c naupmamek nagnidnabrep ikidileynem kutnu naabocrep natalarep nusuyneM

iynub nakratnahgnem malad tadap adneb aratnarep taz

.4 :fitkefA

.a :itupilem ,retkarakreb ukalirep nakgnabmegneM

)1 ,rujuj

)2 ,tamrec

)3 itah - itah

)4 akep

)5 tapet

.b lipmaretek nakgnabmegneM :itupilem ,laisos na

)1 ,aynatreb

)2 ,tapadnepreb

)3 ,kiab gnay ragnednep idajnem

)4 .isakinumokreb

)5 kopmolek malad amasajrekeB

)6 bawaj gnuggnaT

)7 isnareloT

.D :narajalebmeP naujuT

:fitingoK

.1 :kudorP

.a naktubeynem tapad awsis ,raja nahab akubmem apnat nad iridnam araceS

lebat kutneb malad tapet nagned iynub rebmus macam 5 laminim


15

.b isakifitnedignem tapad awsis ,raja nahab akubmem apnat nad iridnam araceS

lebat kutneb malad tapet nagned iynub natabmarep arac 3

.c idnabnem tapad awsis ,raja nahab akubmem apnat nad iridnam araceS 2 nakgn

satilauk padahret tadap adneb aratnarep taz aynkednep gnajnap irad huragnep

kutneb malad salej nagned naklisahid gnay iynub elbat

.2 :sesorP

tapad aggnihes ,nakulrepid gnay natalarep nad SKL nakirebid awsiS

arac nad iynub igrene kutneb iagabreb ikidileynem kutnu naabocrep nakukalem

irahes napudihek malad aynnaanuggnep - d iauses irah nagne ajrenik sagut naicnir

lem ,sesorP :2 PL id nakutnetid gnay :itupi

.a ,halasam naksumurem

.b ,iskiderp taubmem

.c ,sisetopih naksumurem

.d ,isalupinam lebairav isakifitnedignem

.e ,nopser lebairav isakifitnedignem

.f ,lortnok lebairav isakifitnedignem

.g ,nemirepske nakanaskalem

.h ,atad lebat taubmem

.i ,atad sisilana nakukalem

.j k naksumurem .nalupmise

rotomokisP :

)1 natalarep nusuynem tapad awsis ,nakulrepid gnay natalarep nakaidesiD

gnay rudesorp nagned iynub aynidajret sesorp ikidileynem kutnu naabocrep

.nakutnetid


naabocrep iauses aratnarep taz iulalem iynub natabmarep ikidileynem kutnu

.nakutnetid gnay rudesorp nagned


aratnarep taz aynkednep gnajnap nagnidnabrep ikidileynem kutnu naabocrep

hret tadap adneb naklisahid gnay iynub satilauk pada


25

:fitkefA

)1 retkaraK

)2 kadit gnilap ,awsis adap tasupreb rajagnem rajaleb sesorp malad tabilreT

tamagnep ialinid awsis naujamek taubmeM malad ukalirep nakkujnunem

itahek ,natamrecek ,narujujek :itupilem retkarakreb - nad ,naakepek ,naitah

retkarakreB ukalireP natamagneP :4 PL iauses natapetek .

)3 :laisos nalipmareteK

)4 kadit gnilap ,awsis adap tasupreb rajagnem rajaleb sesorp malad tabilreT

id awsis tamagnep ialin naujamek taubmeM nakkujnunem malad

gnay ragnednep idajnem ,tapadnepreb ,aynatreb :itupilem laicos nalipmaretek

nad ,bawaj gnuggnat ,kopmolek malad amasajrekeb ,isakinumokreb ,kiab

.laisoS nalipmareteK :5 PL iauses isnarelot

.E jalebmeP iretaM nara

o aynnaanuggnep nad iynub igrenE

o macaM - iynub rebmus macam

o sag nad ,riac ,tadap adneb iulalem iynub natabmareP

o malad tadap adneb aratnarep taz naupmamek nakgnidnabmeM

iynub nakratnahgnem

.F :narajalebmeP edoteM nad ledoM

o jalebmeP ledoM :narajalebmeP ledoM fitarepooK nara

o bmeP edoteM nemirepskE iulalem gnibmibreT naumeneP :narajale

.G nahaB nad talA

epat elbuod/meL , gnitnuG ,teraK ,utapes katoK , uyak gnotop 2 , acak lotoB ,

riA , kodneS , nolin gnaneb ,kitsalp saleg , ukap , idil , citsalp saleG , riA , telbaT

loocsej/noxoder

.H rajagneM rajaleB sesorP

1 naumetreP

.1 lawA nataigeK

o akubmep malas nad aoD

o erP - tset

o ispesrepA


35

macamreb gnatnet aynnamalagnep sahabmem kutnu kajaid awsiS - macam

.ragnedid hanrep gnay iynub

.1 apA ?ratikes nagnukgnil id awsis helo ragnedid hanrep gnay iynub ajas

.2 adneb nakbabeynem gnay apA - tapad ratikes nagnukgnil id adneb

?iynub naklubminem

.3 :tukireb iagabes lebat kutneb malad tatacid awsis namalagneP

hanrep gnay iynuB

ragnedid

iynub lasA

o .narajalebmep naujut anacner naiapmayneP

.2 itni nataigeK

.a 1 nataigeK

)1 halasam nasumureP

: nahalasamrep nakujaid awsis adapeK

o adneb nakbabeynem gnay apA - ?iynub naklubminem tapad ratikes id adneb

)a sisetopih naujagneP

akerem aratnemes nabawaj nakujagnem kutnu natapmesek irebid awsiS

nakirebid gnay halasam nakrasadreb

)b naabocrep nakukaleM 1:

o kopmolek malad igabid awsiS nad naabocrep nakukalem amatrep iauses

.SKL nagned ekep lisah sahabmem urug nagned amasreb awsis ulaL naajr

awhab nalupmisek adap iapmas aggnihes akerem iynub naklisahgnem terak

rategreb anerak

o awsis ayntujnaleS naabocrep gnatnet isamrofni nahabmat nakirebid - naabocrep

,rategreb gnay adneb irad naklisahid iynub awhab nakitkubmem gnay nial

m nagned aynlasim itamagnem ,lukupid taas adap dnabmurd tala itamagne

lld ,aracibreb atik taas adap atik rehel gnagemem ,kitepid taas adap ratig ranes


45

.b 2 nataigeK

)a halasam nasumureP

:nahalasamrep nakujaid awsis adapeK

o atik aggnihes atik agnilet ek iapmas tapad iynub apagneM tapad

?aynragnednem

o kaynab huragnep hakapA - sarek padahret aradu taz ayntikides - ?iynub aynhabel

)b sisetopih naujagneP



)c naabocrep nakukaleM 2:

o eb hisam awsiS gnay itrepes audek naabocrep nakukalem aynkopmolek amasr

SKL adap ada

o ,audek naabocrep adap igal nasahabmep nakukalem urug amasreb awsiS

naidumek awhab nalupmisek adap iapmas raga gnibmibid awsis :

- ( aradu iulalem tabmarem tapad iynub aratnarep taz .)

- s nikame kaynab nikames( lotob malad aradu tikides ek nakisiid gnay ria

lotob malad ) .ayniynub hamel nikames ,

o ayntujnaleS naidajek gnatnet isamrofni nahabmat irebid awsis - id naidajek

aynlasim ,aradu iulalem tabmarem iynub awhab nakitkubmem gnay ratikes

tapad atik atik ,retem 2 karaj adap kairetreb gnay atik namet araus ragnednem

nakragnednem tapad lld ,isivelet/oidar araus

.c 3 nataigeK


: nahalasamrep nakujaid awsis adapeK

o ?iynub aratnarep taz idajnem tapad riac taz hakapA





o SKL nagned iauses agitek naabocrep nakukalem aynkopmolek amasreb awsiS


55

o aabocrep lisah irad nasahabmep nakukalem urug amasreb awsiS gnay n

awhab nalupmisek adap iapmas aggnihes nakukalid taz idajnem tapad riac taz

.iynub natababmarep aratnarep

o hotnoc gnatnet urug helo isamrofni nahabmat nakirebid awsis ulaL - hotnoc

irahes napudihek malad nial - tabmarem iynub awhab nakitkubmem gnay irah

m ada gnay ria gnubmeleg araus ragnednem tapad atik utiay ,riac adneb iulale

muirauka malad malad ek nakhutajid gnay utab araus ragnednem tapad atik ,

gnaner malok .iatnal nagned nakubmutreb tubesret utab taas

)d halasam nahacemeP

aid urug nagnibmib nagned awsiS nahalasamrep nakiaseleynem kutnu kaj

,lawa adneb - anerak iynub naklubminem tapad atik ratikes id ada gnay adneb

adneb nakbabeynem gnay haltubesret narateG .rategreb tubesret adneb - adneb

.atik agnilet helo pakgnatid tapad gnay iynub naklisahgnem

.2 nataigeK ihkA r

o lisah irad nalupmisek/namukgnar taubmem urug nagned amasreb awsiS

rajaleb

o urug gnibmibid awsiS haletes akerem naasarep gnatnet iskelfer nakukalem

lah ,uti irah narajalebmep nataigek itukignem - ,irajalep akerem gnay lah

rac nad ,ipadahid gnay natilusek .tubesret natilusek isatagnem a

o isaulave laos nakajregnem awsiS

o hamur naajrekep nakirebid awsiS ( adneb naksilut - id ada gnay adneb

iynub naklisahgnem gnay umratikes nagnukgnil .)

2 naumetreP

.1 lawA nataigeK

o akubmep malas nad aoD

o isneserP

o spesrepA awsis :i iretam gnatnet bawaj aynat nakukalem urug nagned amasreb

hamur naajrekep sahabmem nad aynmulebes

o uti irah adap narajalebmep naujut nakiapmaynem uruG


65

.2 itni nataigeK

.a nataigeK 1



o tapad riac taz hakapA ?iynub aratnarep taz idajnem





o SKL nagned iauses agitek naabocrep nakukalem kopmolek malad awsiS

o urug naidumek ,agitek naabocrep irad lisah sahabmem urug amasreb awsiS

awhab nalupmisek adap iapmas aggnihes awsis gnibmibmem tadap adneb

.iynub natabmarep aratnarep taz idajnem tapad

o naidajek gnatnet isamrofni nahabmat irebid awsis naidumeK - malad naidajek

irahes napudihek - iulalem tabmarem iynub awhab nakitkubmem gnay irah

nagned kobmet kilab irad araus ragnednem tapad atik aynlasim ,tadap adneb

ler id agnilet naklepmenem atik alibapa ,gnidnid id atik agnilet naklepmenem

aus ragnednem tapad atik ,ipa aterek .lld ,satnilem gnatad naka gnay aterek ar

.b nataigeK 2



o gnay iynub ihuragnepmem tapad aratnarep taz aynkednep gnajnap hakapA

?naklisahid


nabawaj nakujagnem kutnu natapmesek irebid awsiS akerem aratnemes



o nad aynmulebes itrepes amas gnay kopmolek amasreb lupmukreb awsiS

.SKL nagned iauses amilek naabocrep nakukalem


75

o aggnihes akerem naabocrep lisah sahabmem urug amaseb awsis naidumeK

s awhab nalupmisek adap iapmas tadap adneb aratnarep taz gnajnap nikame

.agnilet helo pakgnatid tapad gnay iynub hamel nikames akam ,)gnaneb(

o naabocrep gnatnet isamrofni nahabmat nakirebid awsis ayntujnaleS - naabocrep

dnep gnajnap awhab nakitkubmem gnay nial tadap adneb aratnarep taz aynke

atik alibapa aynlasim ,naklisahid gnay iynub ihuragnepmem tapad

gnay ajem araus ragnednem asib atik ajem adap atik agnilet naklepmenem

.huaj gnay karaj irad nakgnidnabid taked karaj irad salej hibel nagned kutekid

)d nahacemeP halasam

utiay ,lawa nahalasamrep nakiaseleynem kutnu kajaid urug gnibmibid awsiS

nikames naklisahid gnay iynub akam tadap adneb aratnarep taz kednep nikames

gnay aratnarep taz adap tapec hibel tabmarem iynub anerak idajret ini laH .salej

.kednep hibel hibel tabmarem iynub ,gnajnap gnay aratnarep taz adap nakgnadeS

.hamel nikames naklisahid gnay iynub aggnihes amal

.3 rihkA nataigeK

o lisah irad nalupmisek/namukgnar taubmem urug nagned amasreb awsiS

rajaleb

o arep gnatnet iskelfer nakukalem urug gnibmibid awsiS itukignem haletes naas

lah ,uti irah narajalebmep - ipadahid gnay natilusek nad irajalepid gnay lah

natilusek isatagnem arac atres - tubesret natilusek

o sop( isaulave laos nakajregnem awsiS - .)tset

o hamur naajrekep nakirebid awsiS

.I narajalebmeP rebmuS

.1 SKL

o macam nad rategreb gnay adneb irad lasareb iynub awhab nakitkubmeM -

iynub aratnarep taz macam

o tadap adneb aratnarep taz aynkednep gnajnap nakgnidnabmeM

.2 SKL nabawaj icnuK

o macam nad rategreb gnay adneb irad lasareb iynub awhab nakitkubmeM -

aratnarep taz macam iynub

o tadap adneb aratnarep taz aynkednep gnajnap nakgnidnabmeM


85

.3 lebaT naialineP rabmeL isakifisepS icnuk iatresid

o 1 PL + isatserp ruku tala iagabes ( 1 PL icnuK ipakgnelid kudorP :

.)icnuk

o 2 PL 2PL icnuk ipakgnelid ,)sisetopih nusuynem naupmamek( sesorP :

.naialinep kirbur nad

o 3 PL API taniM :

o 4 PL DK kifiseps taniM :

o 4 PL nafitkaeK :


3 NARIPMAL

NAD ADNAG NAHILIP LAOS YASSE


95

ISAULAVE LAOS

.I !tapet gnilap gnay nabawaj adap )X( gnalis adnat halireB

.1 !ini hawab id anahredes ratig rabmag nakitahreP

gnabul ipatet kitepid terak alibapA

,pututid tubesret anahredes ratig adap

… akam

.a hisam ipatet rategreb kadit terak

hamel gnay iynub naklisahgnem

.b kadit ipatet rategreb terak

iynub naklisahgnem

.c gnay iynub ipatet rategreb terak

hamel naklisahid

.d kadit nad rategreb kadit terak

b naklisahgnem iynu

.2 tubesret ranes naidumek nad kitepid ratig adap ranes haubes taaS

… akam ,nakrodnekid

.a patet naklisahid gnay iynub nad rategreb patet raneS

.b hamelem nakisahid gnay iynub ipatet rategreb patet raneS

.c klisahgnem patet ipatet rategreb itnehreb idajnem raneS iynub na

.d igal iynub naklisahgnem kadit nad rategreb itnehreb idajnem raneS

.3 ,kodnes nagned lukupid tubesret acak lotob alibapA

iynub taubmem gnaY .gnirayn iynub ragnedret

… halada gnirayn ragnedret

.a lotob malad aradU

.b lotoB

.c riA

.d kodneS

uyak terak

utapes katoK gnabul

acak lotoB

riA


06

.4 gnaynagned itnagid anahredes nopelet adap nolin gnaneb alibapA

… tubesret anahredes nopelet ,iakapid taas akam ,raseb hibel narukureb

.a sarek hibel iynub nakratnahgnem tapad

.b aynsarek amas iynub nakratnahgnem tapad patet

.c kratnahgnem tapad patet hamel hibel ipatet iynub na

.d iynub nakratnahgnem tapad igal kadit

.5 taas akam ,ranes nagned itnagid anahredes nopelet adap nolin gnaneb alibapA

… tubesret anahredes nopelet ,iakapid

.a iynub nakratnahgnem tapad kadit

.b hibel ipatet iynub nakratnahgnem tapad hamel

.c aynsarek amas iynub nakratnahgnem tapad patet

.d sarek hibel iynub nakratnahgnem tapad

.6 lubmit ,saleg adap ria malad ek nakkusamid loocsej/noxoder telbat taaS

gnubmeleg - idajret gnaY .sisednem iynub ragnedret nad aradu gnubmeleg

aleg putunem atik alibapa … halada ayns

.a patet sisednem iynub nad aradu gnubmeleg

.b gnalih sisednem iynub ipatet ada patet aradu gnubmeleg

.c hamel hibel sisednem iynub ipatet ada patet aradu gnubmeleg

.d gnalih sisednem iynub nad aradu gnubmeleg

.7 loocsej/noxoder telbat taas sisednem iynuB tapad ria malad ek nakkusamid

… iulalem atik agnilet ek iapmas

.a riA

.b saleg nad riA

.c aradu nad riA

.d aradu nad saleg ,riA


16

.8 5.0 ayngnaneb gnajnap gnay anahredes nopelet nagned aracibreb umak akiJ

naka ayniynub akam ,retem umak alibapa idajret gnaY .salej nagned ragnedret

… halada retem 2 gnajnap nagned gnaneb itnaggnem

.a amas naklisahid gnay iynuB - salej amas

.b salej hibel naklisahid gnay iynuB

.c ilakes amas ragnedret kadit iynuB

.d salej gnaruk naklisahid gnay iynuB

laos nakajreK !tapet nagned ini hawab id

.1 gnajnap huragnep iuhategnem kutnu anahredes nopelet naabocrep nakukaliD

gnay iynub nasalejek padahret saleg ratna gnubuhgnep nolin gnaneb

.naklisahid

atacnem kutnu lebat halnakpaiS !tubesret naabocrep lisah atad t

.2 naruku huragnep iuhategnem kutnu anahredes nopelet naabocrep nakukaliD

raseb( - iynub nasalejek padahret saleg ratna gnubuhgnep nolin gnaneb )licek

.naklisahid gnay

kitsalp saleG nolin gnaneB habuiD - ayngnajnap habu

saleG kitsalp

leG kitsalp sa nolin gnaneB itnagid -aynnaruku itnag

kitsalp saleG


26

amatreP - naidumeK .raseb tagnas narukureb nolin gnaneb nakanugid amat

turutreb - ,gnades nad ,licek ,raseb ,licek tagnas narukureb nolin gnaneb turut

naabocrep lisah helorepiD tagnas narukureb nolin gnaneb kutnU .tukireb iagabes

tagnas narukureb nolin gnaneb kutnu ;salej tagnas naklisahid gnay iynub ,raseb

,raseb narukureb nolin gnaneb kutnu ;salej kadit naklisahid gnay iynub ,licek

olin gnaneb kutnu ;salej naklisahid gnay iynub gnay iynub ,licek narukureb n

gnay iynub ,gnades narukureb nolin gnaneb kutnu nad ;salej gnaruk naklisahid

!lebat kutneb malad tubesret naabocrep atad halnaksiluT .salej pukuc naklisahid

.3 inej huragnep iuhategnem kutnu anahredes nopelet naabocrep nakukaliD s

.naklisahid gnay iynub nasalejek padahret saleg ratna gnubuhgnep ilat nahab

amatreP - turutreb naidumek ,nolin gnaneb nakanugid amat - gnaneb nakanugid turut

kutnU .tukireb iagabes naabocrep lisah helorepiD .ranes nad ,aiffar ,tawak ,tihaj

gnay iynub ,tihaj gnaneb kutnu ;salej pukuc naklisahid gnay iynub ,nolin gnaneb

kutnu ;salej tagnas naklisahid gnay iynub ,tawak kutnu ;salej kadit naklisahid

y iynub ,aiffar naklisahid gnay iynub ,ranes kutnu nad ;salej gnaruk naklisahid gna

!lebat kutneb malad tubesret naabocrep atad halnaksiluT .salej

kitsalp saleG nolin gnaneB itnagid -aynnahab sinej itnag

kitsalp saleG


4 NARIPMAL

AWSIS AJREK RABMEL


36

awsiS ajreK rabmeL

iynuB igrenE

.1 )amatrep naumetrep( amatrep naabocreP

rategreb gnay adneb irad lasareb iynub awhab nakitkubmeM

.a :halasaM

adneb nakbabeynem gnay apA - ?iynub naklubminem tapad ratikes id adneb

.b sisetopiH

naagud halnaksiluT - naagud sisetopih( - .sata id halasam padahret )sisetopih

.c :nahab nad talA

o utapes katoK

o teraK

o gnitnuG

o epat elbuod/meL

o )utapes katok rabel nagned amas gnajnap ,mc 1± rabel( uyak gnotop 2

.d :naabocreP

hakgmal nakrasadreb naabocrep natalarep halnusuS - hawab id hakgnal :ini

o .utapes katok putut halignabuL

o katok putut gnabul nanak nad irik halebes id uyak nagnotop alnaklepmeT

.epat elbuod/mel nakanuggnem nagned utapes

o sata id ignarebeynem uyak nagnotop aratna id terak aparebeb nakgnatneR

rik terak ratna karaj nagned gnabul a- .mc 1 arik

terak

uyak

utapes katok

gnabul


46

o terak halkiteP - terak halhutnes naidumek iraj nagned tubesret terak -

nalep nagned tubesret terak - .nalep

.e naabocrep lisaH

o terak akitek idajret gnay haltataC - helo nakasarid gnay nad kitepid terak

terak ek nahutnes - .tukireb lebat malad kitepid haletes terak

kitepid terak haleteS idajret gnay laH terak naadaeK

.e nalupmiseK

.sata id naabocrep lisah irad nalupmisek naksiluT

_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________ ____________

.2 eP )amatrep naumetrep( audek naabocr

taz aynada anerak ragned atik tapad iynub awhab nakitkubmeM

aratnarep

.a halasaM

?ragned atik tapad iynub apagneM

.b sisetopiH

naagud halnaksiluT - sisetopih( naagud - .sata id halasam padahret )sisetopih

.c nahaB nad talA

o acak lotoB

o riA

o kodneS

.d naabocreP

hakgnal nakrasadreb naabocrep haltauB - :ini hawab id hakgnal

o .kodnes nagned nalep araces )aradu isireb =( gnosok lotob hallukuP


56

)aradu isireb =( gnosok lotoB kodnes

o adap lotob tulum halnaktaked naidumeK adna gnay hakapA .agnilet

?ragned

o .tukireb lebat malad ek atad haltataC

lotob haleteS

lukupid

lotob isI lotob tulum taaS

agnilet ek naktakedid

o .naigab tapmerepes ± ria nagned lotob halisi ,naidumeK

o kodnes nakanuggnem nagned sarek pukuc lotob hallukuP halhurus nad

.aynnakragnednem kutnu retem 1 karaj adap adareb gnay umnamet

o hagnetes idajnem habmatreb ria aggnihes lotob malad ria halnakhabmaT

.naigab

o tubesret lotob ilabmek lukuP

o tapmerep agit idajnem aggnihes lotob malad ek ria igal nakhabmaT

naigab

o P tubesret lotob ilabmek luku

naigab napaledrepes riA naigab hagnetes ria t ria naigab tapmerepagi kodnes


66

o .tukireb lebat malad ek atad haltataC

malad ria emuloV

lotob

lotob malad aradu emuloV sareK - aynhamel iynub

irad ragned id gnay

m 1 karaj

.e nalupmiseK

.sata id naabocrep lisah aud irad nalupmisek naksiluT

__________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________ __________________

.3 )amatrep naumetrep( agitek naabocreP

.a halasaM

taz hakapA ?iynub natabmarep aratnarep taz idajnem tapad riac

.b sisetopiH


.c nahaB nad talA

o kitsalp saleG

o riA

o loocsej/noxoder telbaT

.d naabocreP

nakrasadreb naabocrep natalarep halnusuS hakgnal - :ini hawab id hakgnal

o ria nagned kitsalp saleg halisI

o aynmalad ek loocsej/noxoder telbat nakkusaM

riA

aradu gnubmeleG

loocsej/noxoder telbaT


76

o idajret gnay halnakitahreP

o akapa nad saleg ek adna agnilet halnaktakeD ragnednem adna h

?utauses

.e naabocrep lisaH

:tukireb lebat malad ek atad tataC

taaS

loocsej/noxoder

malad nakkusamid

ria

idajret gnay laH agnilet taaS

saleg ek naktakedid

.f nalupmiseK

.sata id naabocrep lisah aud irad nalupmisek naksiluT

_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________ _________

.4 )audek naumetrep( tapmeek naabocreP

.a halasaM

o tadap taz hakapA ?iynub natabmarep aratnarep taz idajnem tapad

.b sisetopiH


.c nahaB nad talA

o kitsalp saleg

o nolin gnaneb

o ukap

o idil

.d naabocreP

hakgnal nakrasadreb naabocrep natalarep halnusuS - awab id hakgnal :ini h

o ukap nakanuggnem citsalp saleg haub aud irad hawab naigab halignabuL

o raga idil nagned haltaki ulal citsalp saleg gnabul adap nolin gnaneb nakkusaM

gnay citsalp saleg adap amas gnay lah nakukaL .sapel kadit nolin gnaneb

aynutas


86

o gnaneb nakgnatneR umnamet nagned aracibreb kutnu halaboc ulal nolin

nakahasU .gnaneb nagned takiret halet gnay kitsalp saleg nakanuggnem

umnaaracibmep ragnednem tapad umnamet hakapA .rodnek kadit gnaneb

naaracibmep ragnednem tapad umak hakapa ,aynkilabeS ?kiab nagned

mnamet kiab araces isakinumokreb tapad umak haktapaD?kiab nagned u

?umnamet nagned

kitsalp saleG nolin gnaneB kitsalp saleG

.e naabocrep lisaH

:tukireb lebat malad ek atad tataC

agnednem nad aracibreB iulalem r

gnaneb nagned gnubuhret gnay saleg

idajret gnay laH

.f nalupmiseK

.tubesret naabocrep lisah irad nalupmisek naksiluT

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

.5 )audek naumetrep( amilek naabocreP

taz aynkednep gnajnap awhab nakitkubmeM ihuragnepmem aratnarep

naklisahid gnay iynub

.a halasaM

gnajnap hakapA - gnay iynub ihuragnepmem tapad aratnarep taz aynkednep

?ragnedid


96

.b sisetopiH


.c nahab nad talA

o kitsalp saleg

o gnaneb retem 2 nad ,retem 5.1 ,retem 1 narukureb nolin

o ukap

o idil

)agitek naabocrep nagned amas(

.d naabocreP

hakgnal nagned iauses naabocrep nakukaL - :ini hawab id hakgnal

o nagned agitek naabocrep adap itrepes anahredes nopelet haubes haltauB

nolin gnaneb nakanuggnem retem 1 narukureb

o .naklisahid gnay iynub nakitahrep nad ,umnamet nagned napakacrep nakukaL

o gnay audek gnaneb nakanuggnem nagned tubesret anahredes nopelet halitnaG

retem 5.1 narukureb

o naklisahid gnay iynub nakitahrep nad ,umnamet nagned napakacrep nakukaL

o gnaneb nakanuggnem nagned anahredes nopelet adap gnaneb igal halitnaG

retem 2 narukureb gnay agitek

o gnay iynub nakitahrep naidumek ,umnamet nagned napakacrep igal nakukaL

naklisahid

kitsalp saleG aneb narukureb nolin gn kitsalp saleg retem 5.0

kitsalp saleG kitsalp saleg retem 5.1 narukureb nolin gnaneb

kitsalp saleG naneb retem 3 narukureb nolin g saleg kitsalp


07

.e naabocrep lisaH

lebat malad ek atad tataC :tukireb

.oN gnaneb gnajnaP sareK - ragnedid gnay araus aynhamel

.f nalupmiseK

.tubesret naabocrep lisah irad nalupmisek naksiluT


5 NARIPMAL

NAD MUMU ARACES API TANIM TEKGNA

KIFISEPS


17

API rajaleB taniM tekgnA

:kujnuteP

.1 nakaidesid halet gnay tapmet adap umsatitnedi naksiluT

.2 kiab ini tekgna halacaB - kiab

.3 iauses halbawaj uti anerak helO .ialin ihuragnepmem kadit ini tekgnA

aynranebes gnay umnaadaek nagned

AMATREP NAIGAB

amaN :

nesbA .oN :

saleK :

nimaleK sineJ ikaL : - ( naupmereP/ikal utas halas teroc )

AUDEK NAIGAB

( kec adnat halireB gnay nahilip fitanretla utas halas adap umnahilip iauses )√

:utiay ,nakaidesid halet gnay tapmet adap tapadret

.a SS ujutes tagnaS :

.b S ujuteS :

.c SK ujutes gnaruK :

.d ST ujutes kadiT :

oN naataynreP SS S SK ST

1 API narajalep ada koseb alib gnanes ayaS

2 lawa irad urug irad API nasalejnep nakitahrepmem ayaS

rihka iapmas

3 API narajalep atam iakuynem ayaS

4 naaynatrep nakujagnem urug akitek bawajnem ayaS

5 gnusgnalreb API narajalep akitek lorbognem ayaS

6 lah tatacnem gnires ayaS - ada apnat gnitnep gnay lah

huruynem gnay

7 natilusek asarem akitek aynatreb ayaS


27

8 id API ukub acabmem ayaS ajas sagut ada taas hamur

9 nigni asar anerak API nakketkarpmem abocnem ayaS

uhat

01 API narajalep itukignem nasob asarem ayaS

11 iagabreb irad API gnatnet isamrofni iracnem ayaS

rebmus

21 gnay API sagut nakajregnem ulales ayaS helo nakirebid

urug

31 sagut nakajregnem kopmolek ajrek taas ajas maid ayaS

API

41 API narajalep naksalejnem urug akitek niamreb ayaS

51 naksalejnem urug akitek numalem gnires ayaS

API narajalebmep

61 hibel uhat kutnu kiratret ayaS API gnatnet kaynab

71 helo nakirebid gnay API sagut nakajregnem kadit ayaS

urug

81 id API narajalebmep iretam ilabmek gnalugnem ayaS

iridnam araces hamur

91 id API narajalebmep nataigek malad fitka tabilret ayaS

salek

02 akus ayaS nagnukgnil id ada gnay utauses itamagnem

urug nasalejnep nakragnednem haletes


37

API rajaleB taniM tekgnA

:kujnuteP

.1 nakaidesid halet gnay tapmet adap umsatitnedi naksiluT

.2 kiab ini tekgna halacaB - kiab

.3 anerak helO .ialin ihuragnepmem kadit ini tekgnA nagned iauses halbawaj uti

.aynranebes gnay umnaadaek

AMATREP NAIGAB

amaN :

nesbA .oN :

saleK :

nimaleK sineJ ikaL : - ( naupmereP/ikal utas halas teroc )

AUDEK NAIGAB

( kec adnat halireB gnay nahilip fitanretla utas halas adap umnahilip iauses )√

dap tapadret :utiay ,nakaidesid halet gnay tapmet a

.a SS ujutes tagnaS :

.b S ujuteS :

.c SK ujutes gnaruK :

.d ST tes kadiT : uju

oN naataynreP SS S SK ST

1 gnatnet narajalep ada koseb alib gnanes asarem ayaS

iynub igrene

2 igrene gnatnet nasalejnep nakitahrepmem ayaS iynub

rihka iapmas lawa irad urug nakirebid gnay

3 gnatnet narajalebmep malad nataigek iakuynem ayaS

iynub igrene

4 naaynatrep nakujagnem urug akitek bawajnem ayaS

5 iynub igrene gnatnet narajalep akitek lorbognem ayaS

gnusgnalreb

6 lah tatacnem gnires ayaS - ada apnat gnitnep gnay lah


47

huruynem gnay

7 natilusek asarem akitek aynatreb ayaS

8 hamur id iynub igrene gnatnet iretam acabmem ayaS

ajas sagut ada taas

9 asar anerak iynub igrene nakketkarpmem abocnem ayaS

nigni uhat

01 igrene gnatnet narajalep itukignem nasob asarem ayaS

iynub

11 irad iynub igrene gnatnet isamrofni iracnem ayaS

rebmus iagabreb

21 sagut nakajregnem ulales ayaS - iretam gnajnapes sagut

urug helo nakirebid gnay iynub igrene

31 ayaS sagut nakajregnem kopmolek ajrek taas ajas maid

41 narajalep naksalejnem urug akitek niamreb ayaS

iynub igrene gnatnet

51 naksalejnem urug akitek numalem gnires ayaS

iynub igrene narajalebmep

61 kaynab hibel uhat kutnu kiratret ayaS igrene gnatnet

iynub

71 urug helo nakirebid gnay sagut nakajregnem kadit ayaS

81 gnatnet narajalep iretam ilabmek gnalugnem ayaS

iridnam araces hamur id iynub igrene

91 nataigek malad fitka tabilret ayaS - adap nataigek

igrene narajalebmep iynub

02 nagnukgnil id ada gnay utauses itamagnem akus ayaS

urug nasalejnep nakragnednem haletes


6 NARIPMAL

NAMUKGNAR NAFITKAEK NATAMAGNEP

AWSIS


57

NAMUKGNAR LORTNOK SALEK ID NARAJALEBMEP TAAS AWSIS NAFITKAEK NATAMAGNEP

oN amaN

awsis

naataynreP

irebmeM.1 -

nabawaj nak

t padahre

naaynatrep

urug

ujagneM.2 -

nak

naaynatrep

urug adapek

irebmeM.3 -

nak

tapadnep

malad

arajalebmep

n

.4

kujnuneM -

nak

amasajrek

padahret

namet

.5

nakkujnuneM

fitaisini

nakhacemem

.halasam

.6

itamagneM

nagned

hunep

naitahrep

.7

nakrawaneM

nautnab

namet adapek

tilus gnay

.8 reB fitaisini

pakgnugnem

- lisah nak

naabocrep

.1 edA 2 2 1 1 0 3 0 0

.2 itkaS 3 2 1 1 0 2 1 0

.3 gnuaG 2 1 2 1 0 1 1 0

.4 erdnA 4 3 1 1 0 3 2 0

.5 akI 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 0

.6 sengA 2 2 1 2 0 3 1 0

.7 agoY 3 2 2 2 0 1 0 0

.8 sagaB 2 1 1 1 0 2 1 0

.9 iveD 1 2 2 1 0 1 2 0


67

.01 lurI 2 2 3 2 0 2 0 0

.11 atuT 1 2 2 1 1 1 0 0

.21 firA 2 1 1 1 0 1 0 0

.31 inA 2 1 1 2 0 1 1 0

.41 idA 1 2 1 1 0 2 0 0

.51 ikiK 2 2 2 1 0 1 0 0


77

NAMUKGNAR NEMIREPSKE SALEK ID NARAJALEBMEP TAAS AWSIS NAFITKAEK NATAMAGNEP

oN awsis amaN naataynreP

irebmeM.1 -

nabawaj nak

pdht

naaynatrep

.urug

ujagneM.2 -

nak

naaynatrep

.urug adapek

irebmeM.3 -

tapadnep nak

malad

narajalebmep

.4

nakkujnuneM

amasajrek

padahret

namet

.5

akkujnuneM

fitaisini n

akhacemem

.halasam n

.6

itamagneM

nagned

hunep

naitahrep

.7

akrawaneM

nautnab n

adapek

gnay namet

tilus

.8 reB fitaisini

pakgnugnem -

lisah nak

naabocrep

.1 iniD 5 3 4 4 3 3 2 4

.2 uyaB 3 1 4 3 1 2 1 1

.3 aniW 4 2 2 3 1 2 1 2

.4 iduA 2 2 3 2 1 3 1 2

.5 adnaM 2 1 3 1 2 2 1 2

.6 ivleS 1 1 2 2 2 3 1 1

.7 inaF 1 2 2 1 2 1 3 0

.8 aniD 3 3 2 3 1 2 3 2

.9 leumaS 4 3 4 2 5 3 2 3


87

.01 totaG 2 3 2 1 1 2 1 2

.11 irolF 2 2 1 2 1 1 2 2

.21 itnA 3 3 2 3 1 2 1 2

.31 adnaW 4 3 3 3 4 1 3 2

.41 samiD 1 3 0 2 0 3 1 1

.51 atineF 2 2 1 2 3 0 2 3


7 NARIPMAL

ATAD ISALUBAT


97

nemirepskE kopmoleK taniM ataD sisilanA lebaT

oN nemirepskE kopmoleK

awsiS mumu araces API taniM kifiseps araces API taniM


1 07 08 77 97

2 47 56 66 76

3 07 77 76 08

4 86 27 96 66

5 76 66 17 86

6 36 86 66 76

7 97 08 67 08

8 67 96 66 66

9 66 07 76 96

01 16 26 06 66

11 96 77 86 37

21 07 27 27 37

31 47 37 57 47

41 65 76 55 17

51 57 77 37 08

latoT 8301 5701 8201 9701

ataR - atar 02,96 76,17 35,86 39,17

lortnoK kopmoleK taniM ataD sisilanA lebaT

oN lortnoK kopmoleK

awsiS mumu araces API taniM kifiseps araces API taniM


1 76 46 26 56

2 66 27 56 46

3 55 26 46 65

4 66 27 66 96

5 47 07 67 37

6 86 56 17 86

7 57 97 57 75

8 06 55 55 16

9 67 67 67 26

01 16 65 06 56

11 86 86 76 86

21 86 17 07 07

31 17 37 07 66

41 85 46 16 56

51 86 67 56 46

latoT 1001 3201 3001 379

ataR - atar 37,66 02,86 78,66 78,46


08

lortnoK saleK awsiS nafitkaeK ataD

pseR.oN .on naataynreP

rokS

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 2 1 1 0 3 0 0 9 2 3 2 1 1 0 2 1 0 01 3 2 1 2 1 0 1 1 0 8 4 4 3 1 1 0 3 2 0 41 5 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 0 01 6 2 2 1 2 0 3 1 0 11 7 3 2 2 2 0 1 0 0 01 8 2 1 1 1 0 2 1 0 8 9 1 2 2 1 0 1 2 0 9 01 2 2 3 2 0 2 0 0 11 11 1 2 2 1 1 1 0 0 8 21 2 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 6 31 2 1 1 2 0 1 1 0 8 41 1 2 1 1 0 2 0 0 7 51 2 2 2 1 0 1 0 0 8

∑ 731 ataR - atar 31,9

saleK awsiS nafitkaeK ataD nemirepskE

pseR.oN .on naataynreP rokS

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 5 3 4 4 3 3 2 4 82 2 3 1 4 3 1 2 1 1 61 3 4 2 2 3 1 2 1 2 71 4 2 2 3 2 1 3 1 2 61 5 2 1 3 1 2 2 1 2 41 6 1 1 2 2 2 3 1 1 31 7 1 2 2 1 2 1 3 0 21 8 3 3 2 3 1 2 3 2 91 9 4 3 4 2 5 3 2 3 62 01 2 3 2 1 1 2 1 2 41 11 2 2 1 2 1 1 2 2 31 21 3 3 2 3 1 2 1 2 71 31 4 3 3 3 4 1 3 2 32 41 1 3 0 2 0 3 1 1 11 51 2 2 1 2 3 0 2 3 51

∑ 452 ataR - atar 39,61


18

erP( sesorP nalipmareteK ataD - )tset lortnoK saleK

.pseR oN meti kutnu rokS

.on latoT rokS 1 2 3

1 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 3 0 2 1 3 4 0 6 6 5 5 0 0 6 3 6 0 0 0 0 7 0 4 1 5 8 0 3 0 3 9 0 3 6 6 01 0 0 0 0 11 0 4 6 5 21 0 0 0 0 31 0 0 0 0 41 0 3 4 4 51 0 2 0 2

∑ 0 72 03 63 ataR - atar 0 8,1 2 4,2

sesorP nalipmareteK ataD tsoP( - )tset lortnoK saleK

.pseR oN meti kutnu rokS.on

latoT rokS

1 2 3

1 0 2 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 3 1 1 0 2 4 3 8 8 3 5 0 0 6 0 6 0 0 0 0 7 3 8 8 2 8 2 0 0 2 9 0 0 6 5 01 1 1 0 2 11 0 4 0 4 21 0 0 0 0 31 0 0 0 0 41 1 2 4 4 51 0 0 0 0

∑ 11 62 23 62

ataR - atar 37,0 37,1 31,2 37,1


28

tsoP( sesorP nalipmareteK ataD - )tset

nemirepskE saleK

.pseR oN meti kutnu rokS.on latoT rokS

1 2 3

61 1 1 0 2 71 1 0 0 1 81 3 0 8 11 91 2 6 8 61 02 2 0 0 91 12 1 4 1 6 22 2 1 1 4 32 0 0 0 0 42 6 6 6 81 52 4 5 7 61 62 2 1 0 3 72 4 6 7 71 82 3 0 0 3 92 0 0 0 6 03 1 4 0 91

∑ 23 43 83 141

erP( sesorP nalipmareteK ataD - )tset nemirepskE saleK

.pseR oN meti kutnu rokS

.on latoT rokS 1 2 3

61 1 1 1 3 71 0 0 0 0 81 0 0 0 0 91 0 6 6 21 02 0 0 0 0 12 0 0 6 6 22 0 4 6 01 32 0 1 1 2 42 0 1 0 1 52 0 3 1 4 62 0 0 0 0 72 0 1 1 2 82 0 1 0 1 92 0 0 0 0 03 0 0 0 0

∑ 0 8,34 23 4,83

ataR - atar 0,0 5,1 1,1 3,1

ataR - atar 31,2 72,2 35,2 04,9


38

erP )isatserP( laoS sisilanA lebaT - saleK tset lortnoK

.pseR oN romon meti kutnu rokS latoT rokS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 2 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 4 5 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 3 6 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 7 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 7 8 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 6 9 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 2 01 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 11 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 5 21 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 4 31 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 3 41 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 4 51 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 5

∑ 8 8 7 7 3 5 7 4 94

ataR - atar 35,0 35,0 74,0 74,0 02,0 33,0 74,0 72,0 72,3

isatserP( laoS sisilanA lebaT erP ) - nemirepskE saleK tset

.pseR oN romon meti kutnu rokS

latoT rokS

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

61 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 2

71 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 4

81 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 5

91 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 6

02 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 2

12 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 3

22 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 5

32 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 3

42 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 2

52 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 3

62 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 2

72 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 4

82 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 3

92 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 2

03 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 3

∑ 8 5 6 21 1 3 7 7 94

ataR - atar 35,0 33,0 04,0 08,0 70,0 02,0 74,0 74,0 72,3


48

tsoP )isatserP( laoS sisilanA lebaT - lortnoK saleK tset

.pseR oN romon meti kutnu rokS latoT rokS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 2 2 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 5 3 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 4 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 5 5 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 4 6 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 3 7 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 4 8 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 7 9 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 3 01 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 3 11 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 6 21 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 4 31 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 41 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 51 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 3

∑ 6 01 8 8 5 4 11 1 35

ataR - atar 04,0 76,0 35,0 35,0 33,0 72,0 37,0 70,0 35,3

tsoP )isatserP( laoS sisilanA lebaT - nemirepskE saleK tset

.pseR oN romon meti kutnu rokS latoT rokS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 61 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 7 71 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 81 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 7 91 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 5 02 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 5 12 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 4 22 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 5 32 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 4 42 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 6 52 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 5 62 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 5 72 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 5 82 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 6 92 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 4 03 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 5

∑ 8 21 21 21 1 21 9 9 57

ataR - atar 35,0 08,0 08,0 08,0 70,0 08,0 06,0 06,0 00,5


8 NARIPMAL

TUPTUO SSPS ATAD


58

tuptuO ataD awsiS rajaleB isatserP SSPS

enO - vorogomloK elpmaS - tseT vonrimS

erP - tset

K lortno

erP - set t

skE nemirep

tsoP - tset

noK lort

tsoP -t tse

skE nemirep

N 51 51 51 51

lamroN

sretemaraP b,a

naeM 72,3 72,3 35,3 00,5

noitaiveD .dtS 189,1 082,1 727,1 452,1

emertxE tsoM

secnereffiD

etulosbA 931, 942, 551, 332,

evitisoP 931, 942, 551, 332,

evitageN - 111, - 161, - 211, - 332,

vorogomloK - Z vonrimS 735, 569, 995, 409,

2( .giS .pmysA - )deliat 539, 903, 668, 883,

.lamroN si noitubirtsid tseT .a

.b .atad morf detaluclaC

scitsitatS puorG kopmolek N naeM noitaiveD .dtS naeM rorrE .dtS

erP - tset noK lort

skE nemirep

lortnok kopmolek 51 72,3 189,1 115,

kopmolek

nemirepske

51 72,3 082,1 033,

tseT selpmaS tnednepednI

s'eneveL

rof tseT

fo ytilauqE

secnairaV t- snaeM fo ytilauqE rof tset

F .giS t fd

.giS

2( -

)deliat

naeM

ecnereffiD

rorrE .dtS

ecnereffiD

ecnedifnoC %59

eht fo lavretnI

ecnereffiD

rewoL reppU

erP - tset

noK lort

skE emirep

n

lauqE

secnairav

demussa

842,3 280, 000, 82 000,1 000, 906, - 742,1 742,1

lauqE

ton secnairav

demussa

000, 459,32 000,1 000, 906, - 752,1 752,1


68

scitsitatS selpmaS deriaP

naeM N noitaiveD .dtS naeM rorrE .dtS

1 riaP erP - tset & 72,3 51 189,1 115,

tsoP - tset

K no lort

35,3 51 727,1 644,

2 riaP erP - tset & 72,3 51 082,1 033,

tsoP -t tse

skE nemirep

00,5 51 452,1 423,

deriaP snoitalerroC selpmaS

N noitalerroC .giS

1 riaP erP - tset &P tso - tset K no lort 51 165, 030,

2 riaP erP - tset P& tso -t tse

skE nemirep

51 - 540, 578,

tseT selpmaS deriaP

secnereffiD deriaP

t fd 2( .giS - )deliat naeM

.dtS

noitaiveD

rorrE .dtS

naeM

%59 ecnedifnoC

eht fo lavretnI

ecnereffiD

rewoL reppU

1 riaP P er -

tset tsoP& -

K tset no lort

- 762, 157,1 254, - 632,1 307, - 095, 41 565,

2 riaP P er -

tset P& tso -

t tse

skE nemirep

- 337,1 138,1 374, - 747,2 - 917, - 666,3 41 300,

scitsitatS puorG

kopmoleK N naeM noitaiveD .dtS naeM rorrE .dtS

P tso -t tse

&lortnoK skE mirep

ne

kopmolek

lortnok

51 35,3 727,1 644,

kopmolek

nemirepske

51 00,5 452,1 423,


78

awsiS nafitkaeK SSPS ataD tuptuO


lortnok nemirepske

N 51 51

sretemaraP lamroN b,a naeM 31.9 39.61

noitaiveD .dtS 959.1 360.5

secnereffiD emertxE tsoM etulosbA 581. 822.

evitisoP 581. 822.

evitageN - 841. - 121.

vorogomloK - Z vonrimS 717. 388.

2( .giS .pmysA - )deliat 286. 614.


.atad morf detaluclaC .b


tseT s'eneveL

fo ytilauqE rof

secnairaV t- tset snaeM fo ytilauqE rof

F .giS t fd

2( .giS -

)deliat

naeM

ecnereffiD

rorrE .dtS

ecnereffiD

ecnedifnoC %59

eht fo lavretnI

ecnereffiD

rewoL reppU

tsetsop

skEnOK

lauqE

cnairav

se

mussa

de

116,2 711, - 266,2 82 310, - 764,1 155, - 595,2 - 833,

lauqE

cnairav

ton se

mussa

de

- 266,2 155,52 310, - 764,1 155, - 006,2 - 333,


88



1 riaP lortnok 31.9 51 959.1 605.

nemirepske 39.61 51 360.5 703.1

snoitalerroC selpmaS deriaP

N noitalerroC .giS

1 riaP nemirepske & lortnok 51 - 921. 846.

tseT selpmaS deriaP

secnereffiD deriaP


.dtS

noitaiveD

rorrE .dtS

naeM

%59 ecnedifnoC

eht fo lavretnI

ecnereffiD

rewoL reppU

1 riaP lortnok -

mirepske

ne

- 008.7 956.5 164.1 - 439.01 - 666.4 - 833.5 41 000.

kutneB malad naabocreP ataD tatacneM naupmameK SSPS ataD tuptuOlebaT


noKerp noKtsop skEerp skEtsop

N 51 51 51 51

sretemaraP lamroN b,a naeM 04.2 37.1 37.2 04.9

noitaiveD .dtS 162.2 017.1 708.3 733.7

tsoM secnereffiD emertxE etulosbA 652. 542. 342. 612.

evitisoP 652. 542. 342. 212.

evitageN - 441. - 261. - 632. - 612.

vorogomloK - Z vonrimS 099. 749. 149. 638.

2( .giS .pmysA - )deliat 082. 133. 833. 784.


98


morf detaluclaC .b .atad


erP - tset

noK &lort skE

nemirep

lortnok 51 04.2 162.2 485.

nemirepske 51 37.2 708.3 389.


tseT s'eneveL

fo ytilauqE rof

secnairaV t- fo ytilauqE rof tset snaeM

F .giS t fd 2( .giS - )deliat

naeM

ecnereffiD

rorrE .dtS

ecnereffiD

ecnedifnoC %59

eht fo lavretnI

ecnereffiD

rewoL reppU

erP - tset

noK &lort

skE mirep

ne

lauqE

secnairav

demussa

286.1 502. - 292. 82 377. - 333. 341.1 - 576.2 900.2

lauqE

secnairav

demussa ton

- 292. 587.22 377. - 333. 341.1 - 007.2 330.2



1 riaP P er - tset

noK lort

04.2 51 162.2 485.

tsettsoP

noK lort

37.1 51 017.1 144.

2 riaP P er - tset

skE nemirep

37.2 51 708.3 389.

tsoP - tset

skE nemirep

04.9 51 733.7 498.1


09


N noitalerroC .giS

1 riaP erP - P&tset tso - tset

noK lort

51 057. 100.


skE nemirep

51 910. 549.


P tso - tset

noK &lort skE nemirep 1noisnemid

lortnoK 51 37.1 017.1 144.

nemirepskE 51 04.9 733.7 498.1

tseT selpmaS deriaP

secnereffiD deriaP


.dtS

noitaiveD

rorrE .dtS

naeM

ecnedifnoC %59

eht fo lavretnI

ecnereffiD

rewoL reppU

1 riaP erP -

P&tset tso -

tset noK lort

766. 694.1 683. - 261. 594.1 627.1 41 601.

2 riaP erP -

P&tset tso -

tset

skE emirep

n

- 766.6 002.8 711.2 - 802.11 - 621.2 - 941.3 41 700.


19


tseT s'eneveL

fo ytilauqE rof


F .giS t fd

2( .giS -

)deliat

naeM

ecnereffiD

rorrE .dtS

ecnereffiD

ecnedifnoC %59

eht fo lavretnI

ecnereffiD

rewoL reppU

P tso - tset

noK &lort skE p

nemire

lauqE

secnairav

demussa

721.36 000. - 149.3 82 000. - 766.7 549.1 - 156.11 - 286.3

lauqE

ton secnairav

demussa

- 149.3 615.51 100. - 766.7 549.1 - 108.11 - 335.3

tuptuO mumU araces API taniM SSPS ataD


noKerp pskEerp noKtsop pskEtsop

N 51 51 51 51

sretemaraP lamroN b,a naeM 37,66 02,96 02,86 76,17

noitaiveD .dtS 321,6 790,6 311,7 516,5

tsoM secnereffiD emertxE etulosbA 681, 811, 331, 261,

evitisoP 151, 411, 090, 380,

evitageN - 681, - 811, - 331, - 261,


2( .giS .pmysA - )deliat 976, 589, 359, 528,


morf detaluclaC .b .atad


P er - tset

noK &lort pskE nemire

lortnok 51 37,66 321,6 185,1

nemirepske 51 02,96 790,6 475,1


29



1 riaP P er - tset noK lort 37,66 51 321,6 185,1

P tso - tset noK lort 02,86 51 311,7 738,1

2 riaP P er - tset pskE nemire 02,96 51 790,6 475,1

P tso - tset pskE nemire 76,17 51 516,5 054,1


N noitalerroC .giS

1 riaP P er - P& tset tso - tset

noK lort

51 467, 100,

2 riaP P er - tset &P tso - tset

pskE nemire

51 345, 730,


tseT s'eneveL

fo ytilauqE rof

secnairaV t- ytilauqE rof tset snaeM fo

F .giS t fd

.giS

2( -

)deliat

naeM

ecnereffiD

rorrE .dtS

ecnereffiD

%59

ecnedifnoC

eht fo lavretnI

ecnereffiD

rewoL reppU

erP - tset

noK &lort pskE

nemire

lauqE

secnairav

demussa

000, 000,1 - 601,1 82 872, - 764,2 132,2 - 730,7 401,2

lauqE

secnairav

ton

demussa

- 601,1 999,72 872, - 764,2 132,2 - 730,7 401,2


39

tseT selpmaS deriaP

secnereffiD deriaP


.dtS

noitaiveD

rorrE .dtS

naeM

%59

ecnedifnoC

eht fo lavretnI

ecnereffiD

rewoL reppU

1 riaP noKerp -

noKtsop

- 764,1 246,4 991,1 - 830,4 401,1 - 422,1 41 142,

2 riaP pskEerp -

pskEtsop

- 764,2 716,5 054,1 - 775,5 446, - 107,1 41 111,


s'eneveL

rof tseT

fo ytilauqE


F .giS t fd

.giS

2( -

)deliat

naeM

ecnereffiD

rorrE .dtS

ecnereffiD

ecnedifnoC %59

eht fo lavretnI

ecnereffiD

rewoL reppU

tsoP - tset

noK &lort pskE re

nemi

lauqE

secnairav

demussa

178, 953, - 284,1 82 051, - 764,3 043,2 - 062,8 623,1

lauqE

secnairav

ton

demussa

- 284,1 765,62 051, - 764,3 043,2 - 172,8 833,1


tsoP - tset

noK &lort pskE nemire

lortnok 51 02,86 311,7 738,1

nemirepske 51 76,17 516,5 054,1


49

kifisiepS araces API taniM ataD tuptuO


noKerp lort noKtsop lort pskEerp pskEtsop

N 51 51 51 51

sretemaraP lamroN b,a naeM 78,66 78,46 35,86 39,17

noitaiveD .dtS 361,6 695,4 209,5 845,5

secnereffiD emertxE tsoM etulosbA 701, 951, 102, 861,

evitisoP 190, 090, 670, 861,

evitageN - 701, - 951, - 102, - 561,


2( .giS .pmysA - )deliat 699, 548, 285, 097,


.atad morf detaluclaC .b


erP - tset

noK &lort pskE

nemire

lortnok 51 78,66 361,6 195,1

nemirepske 51 35,86 209,5 425,1


tseT s'eneveL

fo ytilauqE rof


F .giS t fd

2( .giS -

)deliat

naeM

ecnereffiD

.dtS

rorrE

nereffiD

ec

%59

ecnedifnoC

eht fo lavretnI

ecnereffiD

rewoL reppU

erP - tset

noK &lort pskE

nemire

lauqE

secnairav

demussa

931, 217, - 657, 82 654, - 766,1 302,2 - 081,6 748,2

lauqE

secnairav

ton

demussa

- 657, ,72

49

8

654, - 766,1 302,2 - 081,6 748,2


59



1 riaP erP - tset

noK lort

78,66 51 361,6 195,1

tsoP - tset

noK lort

78,46 51 695,4 781,1

2 riaP erP - tset

pskE nemire

35,86 51 209,5 425,1

tsoP - tset

pskE nemire

39,17 51 845,5 334,1


N noitalerroC .giS


noK lort

51 612, 934,


pskE nemire

51 755, 130,

tseT selpmaS deriaP

secnereffiD deriaP

t fd

.giS

2( -

)deliat naeM

.dtS

noitaiveD

rorrE .dtS

naeM

%59

ecnedifnoC

eht fo lavretnI

ecnereffiD

rewoL reppU


noK lort

000,2 548,6 767,1 - 197,1 197,5 231,1 41 772,


pskE nemire

- 004,3 693,5 393,1 - 883,6 - 214, - 044,2 41 920,


69


tsoP - tset

noK lort

pskE nemire

lortnok 51 78,46 695,4 781,1

nemirepske 51 39,17 845,5 334,1


tseT s'eneveL

fo ytilauqE rof


F .giS t fd

.giS

2( -

)deliat

naeM

ecnereffiD

rorrE .dtS

ecnereffiD

%59

ecnedifnoC

eht fo lavretnI

ecnereffiD

rewoL reppU

tsoP - set t

noK lort

pskE nemire

lauqE

secnairav

demussa

377,1 491, - 997,3 82 100, - 760,7 068,1 -

778,01

- 652,3

lauqE

secnairav

ton

demussa

- 997,3 360,72 100, - 760,7 068,1 -

388,01

- 052,3


9 NARIPMAL

NAITILENEP NAKUKALEM NIJI TARUS


79


1 NARIPMAL 0

RETEK TARUS NAKUKALEM HALET NAGNA

NAITILENEP


89


1 NARIPMAL 1

OTOF - NATAIGEK OTOF


99

NARAJALEBMEP NATAIGEK OTOF NEMIREPSKE SALEK ID

nakanuggnem narajalebmeP reweiv atayn adneb nagned narajalebmeP

anahredes ratig taubmem awsiS awsis ajrek lisaH

iynub natabmarep nakketkarpmeM iynub natabmarep nakitkubmeM

anahredes nopelet taubmeM anahredes nopelet nagned ketkarP


001

OTOF NARAJALEBMEP NATAIGEK LORTNOK SALEK ID

urug nasalejnep nakragnednem awsiS natatac ukub kamiynem awsiS

laos nakajregnem awsiS natatac nakirebmem uruG

iretam tatacnem awsiS narajalep iretam gnatnet ukub acabmem awsiS


1 NARIPMAL 2

AWSIS NAAJREKEP LISAH


101


201


301


401


501


601


701


801


901


011


111


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