pandangan usahawan seni persembahan dan keusahawanan islam: satu tinjauan

8/8/2019 Pandangan Usahawan Seni Persembahan dan Keusahawanan Islam: Satu Tinjauan

1/17

Skjonmy Lk{smhmumnmn Osbmj OO Qkyonelmw Lkimnesmmn

=

Qmngmnemn [smhmumn Skno Qkyskjimhmn gmn

Lk{smhmumnmn Osbmj6 Smw{ Wonfm{mn

Dmy`l Vmlmyom

Dml{bwo Wkln`b`eo Lykmwod gmn Umyosmn" [notkysowo Jmbmsom Lkbmnwmn

Miswyml

Lk{smhmumnmn mgmbmh smw{ cmimne qy`dkso`n

imy{ go nkemym Osbmj Jmbmsom. Imnml qkne{smhm

ikyeomw gmbmj qkbimemo sklw`y lk{smhmumnmn

mnwmymnm ombmh hoi{ymn. Hoi{ymn q{bm gmbmj

Osbmj skyone goqkygkimwlmn gmyo skeo h{l{jnm.

Lmkgmh qknmjqmomn hoi{ymn ow{ hmy{sbmh jkneol{w qkymw{ymn Osbmj

memy om wogml ikywknwmnemn gknemn mfmymn memjm Osbmj. Qkys`mbmn mne

hkngml goioncmnelmn gmbmj lkywms lkyfm ono ombmh qmngmnemn {smhmumn

Osbmj mne wkyboimw gmbmj jknf{mb qy`g{l skno qkyskjimhmn wkyhmgmq

{smhm qkynomemmn skno ow{ skngoyo. Qkylmym h{l{j mne ikylmowmn gknemn

{smhmumn ono mjmw y{jow {nw{l goy{nelmolmn lkymnm om jkboimwlmn os{

mne ikylmowmn gknemn i{gmm gmn memjm skywm qkysklowmymn j`gkn mnejmnm qkne{smhm ow{ goiksmylmn. Lkywms lkyfm ono mlmn jkjiknwmnelmn

dmhmjmn {smhmumn skno qkyskjimhmn wkyhmgmq skno ow{ gmyo qmngmnemn

jkyklm skimemo qkne{smhm skno gmn f{em memjm Osbmj.


2/17


9

=.1 QkneknmbmnLksknomn mgmbmh smw{ cmimne imy{ gmbmj iogmne lk{smhmumnmn. Smyolmw

lksknomn wky{wmjnm skno qkyskjimhmn mne gojobolo `bkh {smhmumn

j{sboj j{nc{b skwomq hmyo {jqmjm ckngmumn w{ji{h skbkqms h{fmn.Smyolmw mne jkne{wmymlmn eknyk skno nmnomn nmsog f{em wogml l{ymne

hkimwnm gmbmj iogmne lk{smhmumnmn.

Lkimnmlmn qkne{smhm smyolmw skno qkyskjimhmn ono gojobolo `bkh `ymne

Osbmj mne ymwm*ymwm skfml lkcob bmeo gogkgmhlmn gknemn qknekwmh{mn

memjm Osbmj smjmgm jkbmb{o smb{ymn d`yjmb mlno skl`bmh mwm{ wogml

d`yjmb.

Nmj{n ikeow{" folm goi{mw qkjkyhmwomn" jmsoh imnml mjmbmn skno

qkyskjimhmn mne gobml{lmn `bkh {smhmumn skno qkyskjimhmn mjmw

ikycmneemh gknemn h{l{j Osbmj" mnwmymnm gmbmj mgkemn c{ji{" umnowm

ikyf`ekw" mjmbmn wmh{b skqkywo qkycmm lkqmgm jmlhb{l ehmoi gmbmj

Jmon Q{wkyo gmn Jml`ne gmn qknee{nmmn qmw{ne gmbmj Ummne L{bow.

Qkys`mbmn mne skyone gowoji{blmn `bkh mhbo memjm ombmh skfm{h jmnmlmh

qknekwmh{mn {smhmumn j{sboj mne jkncki{yo qkynomemmn skno

qkyskjimhmn jkjmhmjo mlmn qyonsoq hoi{ymn mne ikycoyolmn Osbmj.

Lkqklmmn {smhmumn j{sboj wknwmne qyonsoq memjm Osbmj gmbmj

jknfmbmnlmn qkynomemmn skno qkyskjimhmn mjmw goqkyb{lmn.

Wogml l{ymne sonos" wkygmqmw f{em {smhmumn skno qkyskjimhmn mne l{ymne

qknekwmh{mn memjm Osbmj jkbmhoylmn qkymsmmn l{ymne sknmne gknemn

lyowolmn mhbo memjm wkyhgmq jkyklm. Jkyklm jmbmh ikywmnm lmbm{ skj{m

hkngml jkneol{w h{l{j" mqm bmeo mne woneemb mne i`bkh golmwmlmn

hoi{ymn0


3/17


3

Lkywms lkyfm ono mlmn jkjiknwmnelmn wknwmne qmngmnemn gmn lkdmhmjmn

qkne{smhm skno qkyskjimhmn wknwmne qyonsoq*qyonsoq Osbmj mne qkyb{

gomjmblmn gmbmj jknfmbmnlmn qkynomemmn. Jmsmbmh gmn cmgmnemn f{em

mlmn goioncmnelmn skcmym wkyqkyonco gmbmj lkywms lkyfm ono.

9.1 Qknekywomn Lk{smhmumnmnMgnmn (=?88/ jkngkdonosolmn lk{smhmumnmn skimemo smw{ iogmne lkyfmm

mwm{ coyo mne jkji`bkhlmn sksk`ymne ow{ jknfmgo {smhmumn. Ikbom{ f{em

jkjioncmnelmn wknwmne qknekywomn {smhmumn mne jmnm ikbom{

jknemneemq {smhmumn skimemo ongotog{ mwm{ l{jq{bmn ongotog{ mne

iky{smhm eoeoh jknfmbmnlmn qkynomemmn gknemn ikyj{bmlmn j`gmb skngoyo.

Go smjqone ow{" ikbom{ f{em ikyqkngmqmw imhmum dmlw`y s`so`*i{gmm

jkjmonlmn qkymnmn qknwone gmbmj jkjiknw{l {smhmumn skqkywo i{gmm

lkb{myem" jmsmymlmw" g`y`emn lkb{myem" qkysklowmymn gmn bmon*bmon.

Fmjmb{ggon (=??9/ q{bm jknmwmlmn qmlmy iogmne lk{smhumnmn Mbmn

Eoii gmyo [notkysow `d Cymndokbg ikymneemqmn imhmum {smhmumn i`bkh

gou{f{glmn skcmym d`yjmb jkbmb{o smw{ bmwohmn gmn qknemfomn qkyonelmw

woneeo.

JC Iky gmn JcBbkbmng (=?8;/ q{bm bkioh jkbohmw lkqmgm {smhmumn gmyo

s{g{w lkwkymjqobmn mne qkyb{ mgm qmgm sksk`ymne {smhmumn. Jkbmb{o

lmfomn sobmne i{gmm" jkyklm jknmwmlmn imhmum {smhmumn mne ikyfmm

hmy{s jkjq{nmo =3 l`jqkwknso skmngmonm jmh{ ikyfmm skqkywo

jkjq{nmo onsomwod mne woneeo" lkcklmbmn" jmjq{ jkbohmw gmn jkyki{w

qkb{mne qkynomemmn" qklm lkqmgm jmlb{jmw" lki`bkhmn {nw{l jkj{f{l"

lki`bkhmn {nw{l jkymncmne gknemn soswkjmwol" lki`bkhmn jkji{mw

lkq{w{smn" lki`bkhmn {nw{l jknee{nmlmn swymwkeo qknemy{h" lkmlonmn

goyo" jknowolikymwlmn j{w{ lkyfm mne woneeo" l`jowjkn wkyhmgmq

qkyfmnfomn lkyfm" iky`yoknwmsolmn lkcklmqmn gmn lkwkemsmn.


4/17


7

[smhmumn f{em goikyo qkbimemo qknekywomn" mnwmym qknekywomn mne wkygmqmw

gmbmj i{l{ lk{smhmumnmn (=??5/ mgmbmh skqkywo mne ikyol{w6

@ymne mne jkbml{lmn sks{mw{ lkyfm (Yochmyg Cmnwob`n =5;;/ @ymne mne jkn{lmylmn qkyjonwmmn jknfmgo qknmumymn (Mgmj

Sjowh/

@ymne mne jkn{lmylmn qy`g{lwotowo ykngmh lkqmgm woneeo (F`hnImiwoswk Sm/

Qkneekyml knwkyqymos qkyskngoyomn skbkqms i{y{h" wmnmh gmn j`gmb(F`hn Sw{myw Jobbs/

@ymne mne jkjikyo nobmo wmjimh skjmsm jkn{lmy onq{w fmgo`{wq{w (Cmyb Jkneky/

[smhmumn sk`ymne onn`tmw`y mne jkjqkylknmblmn l`nskqlky`smlmn gkswy{lwod (Sch{jqkwky/

[smhmumn iky{imh jkneol{w kt`b{so (Mbdykg Jmyshmbb/ [smhmumn ombmh `ymne mne jku{f{glmn smw{ imngmy ymm (Oin{

Lhmbg{n/

[smhmumn ombmh sk`ymne mne jkjq{nmo lkhkngml wkyhmgmqqkncmqmomn mne woneeo (Jcbbkbmng gmn Jciky/

Lmwv F. M (=??7/ q{bm jkne{wmymlmn l`nskq gmbmj qkylkjimnemn

qkyj`gkbmn lkyfmm lk{smhmumnmn gknemn jknemgmqwmsolmn wk`yo mne

go{wmymlmn `bkh Schkon (=?58/. Wk`yo wkyski{w jkne{wmymlmn wknwmne

lowmymn lkyfmm mne ikyiknw{l l`n mne ikylkjimne gmyo smw{ wmhmq lk

smw{ wmhmq skhoneem jkjiknw{l skqkywo iknw{l l`n. Woem mnel{imh mne

jkniknw{l l`n lkyfmm ow{ ombmh wmneemqmn (skngoyo/ wkyhmgmq imlmw mne

goq{nmo" j`wod gmn nobmo mne skwky{snm gmqmw jkjikyo qmng{mn lkqmgm

sksk`ymne gmbmj jknmnemno hmbmnemn gmn lkswmiobmn gmbmj lkyfmmnm.

Gky U.E. Fy. (=??7/ f{em jkjqkyohmblmn wknwmne j`gkb lkyfmm gmbmj

iogmne lk{smhmumnmn gknemn jkne{wmymlmn j`gkb mne ikyqmlsolmn

lkqmgm kjqmw kbkjkn mne ikyikvm gmyo skeo wmhmq omow{" dmlw`y*dmlw`y


5/17


;

wkygmh{b{ mne jkjqknemy{ho sksk`ymne {nw{l jkjoboh lkyfmm (skqkywo

dmlw`y qkyoimgo" qsol`b`eo" s`somb" lkb{myem" kl`n`jo" lkl{ymnemn lkyfmm

bmon" gmn lku{f{gmn s{jiky ymnwmomn qkynomemmn/" s`sombosmso lkyfmm

(skqkywo qknembmjmn skjmsm lkcob" qknembmjmn lkyfm" qkngogolmn" gmn

qknembmjmn skjmsm hkngml jkj{bmlmn qkynomemmn/" `yoknwmso lkyfm gmn

lkjmf{mn lkyfmm mne mlhoynm jknehmsoblmn lkfmmmn mwm{ lkemembmn

lkqmgm qkne{smhm" lkb{myem gmn qkynomemmnnm.

Tmn Qymme C.J gmn Tmn @qhkj H. (=??;/ q{bm jkb{mslmn bmeo

qknkbogolmn gmbmj iogmne lkyfmm lk{smhmumnmn gknemn jkne{l{y

lkl{mwmn g{m qknknw{ gmbmj qkjobohmn lkyfmm skimemo {smhmumn omow{

qkb{mne mne u{f{g {nw{l jkj{bmlmn qkynomemmn gmn lkykbmmn {nw{l

jkj{bmlmn qkynomemmn. Ikbom{ jkngmqmwo dmlw`y qkb{mne gmn lkykbmmn

{nw{l jknfmgo {smhmumn mgmbmh ikyemnw{nemn gmn jkjq{nmo

lkqknwonemn mne smjm go jmnm skloymnm sksk`ymne ow{ jkngmqmwo mgm

qkb{mne {nw{l jknfmgo {smhmumn gmn ikymneemqmn iogmne wkyski{w

jknmyol gmn b{jmmn" jmlm mlmn u{f{gbmh lkykbmmn hmwo imeo sksk`ymne

{nw{l jknfmgo {smhmumn.

Dmy`l (9119/ gmbmj lmfomnnm wkyhmgmq {smhmumn skno jkngmqmwo jmf`yowo

qkne{smhm skno qkyskjimhmn jkjq{nmo bmwmyikbmlmne lkb{myem skno"

jonmw mne jkngmbmj wkyhmgmq skno gmn qkynmh jknfmgo qknmyo. Dmlw`y*

dmlw`y wkyski{w wkbmh jkng`y`ne jkyklm {nw{l jknel`jkysomblmn skno

qkyskjimhmn skimemo smw{ qy`g{l.

Wykn wkylono gmbmj qkyioncmnemn wknwmne lk{smhmumnmn f{em jknemowlmn

lkqojqonmn go jmnm om jknklmnlmn qkjiknw{lmn lkwkymjqobmn

lk{smhmumnmn go lmbmnemn qkjojqon `yemnosmso umbm{q{n skiknmynm

jkyklm i{lmn wkygoyo gmyoqmgm {smhmumn.


6/17


4

M{e{sw Knmyss`n (9119/" wkbmh jknfmbmnlmn lmfomn go Ockbmng gmn

jkneh{ymolmn ikikymqm qkylmym ikylmowmn ong{swyo lykmwod gmn

lk{smhumnmn gmbmj lmfomnnm. Jkbmb{o lmfomnnm ow{" ikbom{ wkbmh jkbohmw

ong{swyo lykmwod mgmbmh go imumh sklw`y i{gmm go gmbmj skski{mh

l`j{nowo. Ikbom{ wkbmh jkjimhmeolmn lkqmgm ikikymqm dmlw`y kl`n`jo go

gmbmj mlwotowo i{gmm. Qkywmjm" h{ymomn wkyhmgmq s{jimnemn mlwotowo

i{gmm gmbmj Lkb{mymn Gmbmj Nkemym Lmsmy. Go jmnm mlwotowo i{gmm

jknklmnlmn lkqmgm lkqknwonemn lk{smhmumnmn go gmbmj qkynomemmn lkcob

gmn skgkyhmnm (QLS/ go gmbmj sklw`y i{gmm. Ikbom{ f{em jkbohmw lkqmgm

qkyjonwmmn qknee{nm wkyhmgmq mlwotowo i{gmm. Lkg{m" ikbom{

jkneh{ymolmn imemojmnm sklw`y i{gmm go Ockbmng mne jkjq{nmo

ymjmo {smhmumn wkyimiow go gmbmj ong{swyo lykmwod. Go jmnm ikbom{ jkbohmw

lykmwod ombmh qy`sks mne jkboimwlmn lkqmgm woem dmlw`y" omow{ i{gmm"

bmwmyikbmlmne" gmn s`somb. Lkwoem" ikbom{ jkneh{ymolmn lkqmgm lkg{g{lmn

qkysmonemn qkynomemmn gmn {smhmumn go gmbmj j{vol ong{swyo go Ockbmng.

Lkkjqmw" ikbom{ f{em jknklmnlmn lkqmgm ikikymqm qkylmym go gmbmj

gmsmy i{gmm {nw{l jkneembmllmn mlwotowo lk{smhmumnmn.

3.1 Lk{smhmumnmn OsbmjGmhbmn kw. Mb (9111/ gmbmj i{l{nm lk{smhmumnmn Osbmj jknkymnelmn

wknwmne coyo mne qkyb{ mgm qmgm sk`ymne Osbmj skqkywo ikywmumllmb"

}mnmmh gmn f{em ikyqknekwmh{mn gmbmj iogmne mne oneon gocki{yo.

Hmjmw (=??9/ jknemowlmn lk{smhmumnmn Osbmj gknemn l`nskq lkfmmmn

skimemojmnm mne skyone gol{jmngmnelmn gmbmj mvmn mne jknky{

{jmw lkymh jkncmqmo lkfmmmn. Oswobmh dmbmhm6 Mdbmhm mgmbmh 9 oswobmh

mne golkj{lmlmn `bkh Mbbmh s.u.w imeo jkneemjimylmn lkfmmmn.


7/17


5

Ojmj Mb*]{ywh{io q{bm jkne{wmymlmn bojm d`yj{bm mne gosodmwlmn

lkfmmmn gmbmj hog{q omow{6

m. jkjqky`bkh ykvklo mne hmbmbi. }mnmmhc. wm{dolg. smmgmh imhmeomk. fmnnmh s{yem

Lk{smhmumnmn gmbmj Osbmj f{em golmowlmn `bkh Hmjmw gknemn l`nskq

qkjobolmn hmywm. Hmywm gmbmj Osbmj goski{w gknemn mjumb omow{ gmbmj

iknw{l fmjml gmyo jmb. Ikbom{ f{em jknemwmlmn qknekwmh{mn {j{j

gmyoqmgm qkylmwm jmb ow{ jkjimum jmls{g skj{m hmljobol mne imol"

imnml mwm{ skgolow gmyo skj{m ikngm. Qkyioncmnemn ikbom{ goqmnfmnelmn

gknemn ykvklo gmn hmywm ikyemnw{ne skcmym bmnes{ne gknemn Mbbmh s.u.w. go

jmnm jmn{som qkyb{ iklkyfm lkyms wmnqm fkj{ gmn ymsm q{ms skywm mnel{h

gmbmj jkncmyo lklmmmn.

Hmjmw f{em jknknmymolmn kwolm {smhmumn j{sboj mne mnwmym bmonnm

ombmh jkjimnwkyms solmq jmbms" jkbknmqlmn qkymsmmn wml{" jkncmyo

qky{smhmmn mne hmbmb" jknehongmyo s{jiky mne hmymj" s{l{y gknemn

hmsob mne goqky`bkh" jkjqkylkjimnelmn j`gmb" jkjqkbimemolmn sklw`y

{smhm" fm{h gmyo sodmw wmjml" hmsmg" i`y`s gmn imlhob. Mjmnmh" sknwomsm

ikyg`m" ikywmumllmb" smimy" }mnmmh gmn jknekb{mylmn vmlmw f{em gomjiob

loym skimemo kwolm {smhmumn j{sboj.

Ikikymqm qkylmym mne goloym ikylmowmn gknemn os{ mne goioncmnelmn

ombmh ykvklo mne hmbmb gmn jknehongmyo s{jiky mne hmymj. Nmnomn

gmn qkyskjimhmn skno bmonnm skyone goh{l{jlmn skimemo hmymj gmyo skeo

smyml wky{wmjmnm lmbm{ om iky{ns{y jkbmymlmn gmn f{em jkbmbmolmn.

Nmj{n ikeow{" hoi{ymn mne ikycoyolmn memjm gmn jknemfml lk mymh


8/17


8

qkyi{mwmn mne imol skqkywo nmsog gomneemq wogml jkbmbmolmn skloymnm om

wogml jkboimwlmn umnowm gmn ikycmjq{y go mnwmym bkbmlo gmn umnowm.

L`qkymso [LJ qkynmh jknkyiowlmn ski{mh jmlmbmh wknwmne skno

qkyskjimhmn gmyo s{g{w h{l{j Osbmj.

7.1 Lksknomn gmbmj OsbmjLksknomn gmbmj Osbmj wkbmh goqkyfkbmslmn lkg{g{lmnnm omow{ goiknmylmn

skbmeo om wogml ikycmneemh gknemn h{l{j hmlmj memjm.

Ionmjon Chk _mml`i ([now Qkjimne{nmn Nobmo" [notkysowo Jmbmsom

Lkbmnwmn" F{bmo 9118/ gmbmj w{bosmnnm jkncmwmwlmn qkngmqmw Ojmj Mb

Ehmvmbo wknwmne skno nmnomn gmn j{vol. Ojmj Mb Ehmvmbo jknmwmlmn

imhmum h{l{j jkngknemy nmnomn mwm{ j{vol ow{ mgmbmh hmy{s gmn

i`bkh ikyw{lmy jknfmgo hmymj. Wkygmqmw bojm dmlw`y mne jknkimilmn

ikyqongmhnm h{l{j jkngknemy nmnomn gmyo hmy{s lkqmgm hmymj. Go

mnwmymnm ombmh6

m. Qknmno6 Folm qknmno mgmbmh sk`ymne umnowm mne wogml hmbmbimeo `ymne ymjmo {nw{l jkbohmwnm gmn golh{mwoyo mlmn woji{b

downmh gmyo jkngknemylmn nmnomnnm" Jmlm q{ncm

qknehmymjmnnm mgmbmh lklh{mwoymn mlmn woji{b downmh" i{lmn

skimi jknoljmwo nmnomn ow{ skngoyo.

i. Mbmw j{vol6 Skimhmeomn mbmw j{vol jknfmgo soji`b lkqmgm lm{jqkjmi{l mwm{ jky{qmlmn bmjimne skskwknemh lm{j q`ngmn.

Mbmw*mbmw wkyski{w ombmh sky{bone" mbmw qkwol (ikywmbo/ gmn ekngmne

bks{ne. Woem fknos mbmw j{vol ono mgmbmh wkybmymne. Skbmon gmyoqmgm

woem fknos ow{ mbmwmn skqkywo l`jqmne" jkjmlmo ekyoncone" wmibm"

jkj{l{b imwmne*imwmne ikso gmn bmon*bmon mgmbmh hmy{s.

c. Sknolmwm6 Folm wkygmqmw go gmbmjnm lmwm*lmwm mne ikysodmw lkfo"jmlsomw" qknehonmmn mwm{ skimymne lmwm mne ikysodmw jkng{swmlmn

Mbbmh" Yms{b gmn qmym smhmimw" skqkywo sknolmwm gmbmj smfml*smfml

mne golmymne `bkh e`b`nemn Somh mne osonm jknehonm qmym


9/17


?

smhmimw y.m. Jmlm h{l{j jkngknemy bme{ mwm{ smfml mne

jkjq{nmo sknolmwm mne skgkjolomn mgmbmh hmymj gmn `ymne

mne jkngknemy ikyl`neso g`sm gknemn `ymne mne jknmnolmn

mwm{ jkne{cmqlmnnm. Ikeow{ f{em folm wkygmqmw go gmbmj sknolmwm

ow{ wknwmne sk`ymne umnowm wkywknw{. Mgmbmh wogml i`bkh jknki{w

wknwmne sk`ymne umnowm go hmgmqmn lm{j bkbmlo. F{em mgmbmh wogml

i`bkh imeo sk`ymne qkngknemy jkjimmnelmn go lkqmbmnm

sknolmwm bme{ sk`ymne bmbmlo mwm{ umnowm mne wogml hmbmb imeonm

lkymnm om wkbmh fmw{h lk gmbmj lkjmlsomwmn goskimilmn qkyi{mwmn

wkyski{w.

g. Qkngknemy =6 Jkyklm mne gol{msmo `bkh nmds{ smhumw gmnekf`bml gmymh j{gm. Jkngknemy j{vol gmbmj lkmgmmn wkyski{w

mgmbmh hmymj imeonm smjmgm gom wkbmh goyms{lo lks{lmmn wkyhmgmq

sk`ymne umnowm mwm{q{n wogml.

k. Qkngknemy 96 Qkngknemy ono wkygoyo gmyoqmgm lmbmnemn mumj mnewogml l{mw lkconwmmnnm lkqmgm Mbbmh Wmmbm" wkwmqo gom smnemw s{lm

jkngknemylmn j{vol jksloq{n wogml gol{msmo `bkh hmum nmds{.

Jmlm jkngknemy j{vol imeo e`b`nemn ono mgmbmh wkybmymne. Qmgm

gmsmynm j{vol mgmbmh hmy{s skqkywo bmmlnm skimhmeomn hoi{ymn

mne bmon wkwmqo folm sksk`ymne jknfmgolmnnm skimemo smw{ mgmw

gmn lkiomsmmn skywm jknehmioslmn hmjqoy skj{m jmsmnm {nw{l

j{vol" jmlm ono mgmbmh qkyi{mwmn mne wogml ckygol mne hmy{s

golkjimbolmn lkqmgm lkdmhmjmn smhmgmh gmn w{nw{wmnnm.

Gmbmj smw{ skejkn s`mb fmumi memjm gmbmj uki Fmloj

(hwwqimhkos.osbmj.e`t.jukij{slob n.s.d gomjiob ? @e`s 9118/"

jkn{y{w qmngmnemn Osbmj" gkdonoso hoi{ymn (j{vol" nmnomn/ jky{f{l

lkqmgm s{mw{ mne i`bkh jkjikyolmn lkykhmwmn lkqmgm doloymn wkyjms{l

j{vol gmn nmnomn. Gmbmj Osbmj" omnm gohmy{slmn gknemn smymw wogml

jkbmbmolmn gmyoqmgm jknekyfmlmn s{y{hmn Mbbmh" wogml jknemng{neo

{ns{y*{ns{y jmlsomw (skqkywo qkycmjq{ymn ikims bkbmlo gmn qkykjq{mn/


10/17


=1

gmn sknolmwm j{vol wogml jkneehmoymhlmn. Ikygmsmylmn dmwum nkekyo

Lkgmh q{bm" mhbo Fmumwmnl{msm Dmwum wkbmh jkj{w{slmn h{l{jnm

mgmbmh hmy{s jknee{nmlmn mbmw*mbmw j{vol smjmgm ikysodmw wymgoso mwm{

j`gkn" jkngknemy mwm{ jknehmgoyo jmfbos j{vol gmn jkjqkbmfmyonm

skloymnm womgm goskywmo gknemn qkylmym hmymj. F{em omnm hmy{s folm om

wogml ikybml{ go wkjqmw*wkjqmw hoi{ymn mne goskywmo gknemn myml" f{go"

qknmno qkykjqm{mn" wmyo*jknmyo gmn bmon*bmon qkylmym lkdmso}mn skbmjm

womgm lkbmbmomn gmn lkumfoqmn*lkumfoqmn lh{s{s" lkumfoqmn memjm skqkywo

s`bmw.

;.1 @ifklwod Wonfm{mnm. Jknonfm{ qkngmqmw {smhmumn skno qkyskjimhmn wknwmne skno

gmn h{i{nemnnm gknemn Osbmj.

i. Jknonfm{ lkdmhmjmn {smhmumn skno qkyskjimhmn wknwmnel`nskq lksknomn Osbmj.

4.1 Sl`q Wonfm{mnWonfm{mn ono jkboimwlmn {smhmumn skno qkyskjimhmn Jkbm{ mne

ikymemjm Osbmj mne wkyboimw gmbmj jknmumylmn skno qkyskjimhmn

skimemo qy`g{l {wmjm qkynomemmn. Om jkboimwlmn {smhmumn go sklowmy

L{mbm Wkymneemn{" Lkbmnwmn gmn f{em L{mbm B{jq{y.

5.1 Lmkgmh Wonfm{mnGmbmj wonfm{mn ono skymjmo =9 `ymne qkne{smhm skno qkyskjimhmn

wky{wmjmnm wmyomn gmn qkyskjimhmn wymgoso skqkywo Ykimnm [io" Ykimnm

Lkycone" Jml _`ne gmn Ummne L{bow (=1 l{jq{bmn/ gmn (9 l{jq{bmn

nmsog/ go wkj{i{mb skcmym bmnes{ne. Skikb{j wkj{g{em gobml{lmn

qknelmfo jknkbkd`n wkybkioh gmh{b{ yksq`ngkn {nw{l jknkwmqlmn wmyolh

gmn wkjqmw wkj{g{em. Skwkbmh goqkyskw{f{o wkj{g{em skiknmy wkbmh

gofmbmnlmn gmn hmsob wkj{g{em ow{ gocmwmwlmn gmn goykl`glmn skywm


11/17


==

gomnmbososlmn skcmym gkslyoqwod jkbmb{o mnmbosos swmwoswol j{gmh skqkywo

dyklk{knso gmn qkymw{smn.

8.1 Hmsob LmfomnM. Bmwmyikbmlmne

8.=[j{y yksq`ngkn gmn memjmJmf`yowo yksq`ngkn (44.4+/ mgmbmh iky{j{y go mnwmym 7= wmh{n

honeem ;1 wmh{n bkioh. Ono lkymnm lkimnmlmn qkne{smhm mne

jkjq{nmo l{jq{bmn wmyomn mgmbmh `ymne mne meml iky{j{y

gmn ikyqknembmjmn skywm jkjq{nmo lkmlonmn gmbmj

jknfmbmnlmn qkynomemmn sk{jqmjm ow{.

Fmg{mb =6 [j{y yksq`ngkn

[j{y Iob +

=? lkimumh 1

91*31 = 8.3

3=*71 3 9;7=*;1 ; 7=.4

;= bkioh 3 9;

Lkskj{m yksq`ngkn ikymemjm Osbmj.

8.9FmnwonmBkioh skqmy{h gmyoqmgm yksq`ngkn mgmbmh bkbmlo gmn ono

jkn{nf{llmn bkbmlo bkioh ckngky{ne lkqmgm jkbml{lmn

qkynomemmn qkyskjimhmn skno.


12/17


=9

Fmg{mb 96 Fmnwonm

Fmnwonm Iob +

Bkbmlo 8 44.4umnowm 7 33.3

8.3B`lmso L{jq{bmnSkimnml 9 i{mh l{jq{bmn iky`qkymso go Wkykneemn{" 5 i{mh

bmeo go Lkbmnwmn. Jmnmlmbm 9 l{jq{bmn nmsog ow{ iky`qkymso

go Lkbmnwmn.

Fmg{mb 36 B`lmso L{jq{bmn

B`lmso Iob +

Lkbmnwmn =1 83.3

Wkykneemn{ 9 =4.4

8.7 Fknos l{jq{bmn

Lkskj{m l{jq{bmn mne gowkj{g{em go Wkykneemn{ mgmbmh

l{jq{bmn wmyomn jmnmlmbm go Lkbmnwmn q{bm om wkygoyo gmyoqmgm

3 l{jq{bmn wmyomn" 9 l{jq{bmn ykimnm {io" = l{jq{bmn

ummne l{bow" = l{jq{bmn ykimnm lkycone" = l{jq{bmn Jml

_`ne gmn 9 l{jq{bmn nmsog. L{jq{bmn mne bkioh

ckngky{ne lkqmgm mlwotowo mne ikyqmlsolmn lkmemjmmn ombmh

l{jq{bmn nmsog gmn ykimnm lkycone gojmnm onwoqmwo

ekymlmnnm mgmbmh ikybmngmslmn lkqmgm lkeomwmn gmlumh.

Nmsog wmnqm goyme{lmn bmeo mgmbmh lkeomwmn lksknomn mneikyqmlsolmn lkqmgm gmlumh" jmbmh ykimnm lkycone f{em mgmbmh

ikymsmslmn lkqmgm mb{nmn bme{ iky{ns{ylmn lkmemjmmn (om

bkioh joyoq lkqmgm skno hmgymh mne ikymsmb gmyoqmgm Hmgymw{b

Jm{w _mjmn/ gknemn goyoneo `bkh ykimnm lkycone mne iky{qm

skqkywo wmji`yon.


13/17


=3

Fmg{mb 76 Fknos l{jq{bmn

L{jq{bmn iob +

Wmyomn ; 7=.4

Ykimnm {io 9 =4.4

Ummne l{bow = 8.3

Ykimnm lkycone = 8.3

Jml _`ne = 8.3

Nmsog 9 =4.4

I. Qmngmnemn wkyhmgmq skno gmn Osbmj

8.; H{l{j skno gmn OsbmjFmumqmn yksq`ngkn lkqmgm s`mbmn wknwmne lkdmhmjmn jkyklm

wkyhmgmq l`nskq lksknomn gmbmj Osbmj mgmbmh ikyikvm gmn

ikyikbmh imeo. Skqmy{h gmyoqmgm ykq`ngkn mne gowkj{o wogml

ikymqm qmswo wknwmne h{l{j skno gmbmj Osbmj" 33.3+ yksq`ngkn

jknmwmlmn wogml hmymj jmnmlmbm =4"4+ q{bm jknemwmlmn

hmy{s.

Fmg{mb ;6 H{l{j skno gmn Osbmj

Mqmlmh h{l{j skno gmbmj osbmj iob +

Wogml hmymj 7 33.3

Hmymj 1 1

Hmy{s 9 =4.4

L{ymne qmswo 4 ;1

8.4Qmngmnemn h{l{j jkncki{ylmn goyo skimemo {smhmumn sknoqkyskjimhmn gmbmj Osbmj

Jmf`yowo jkjikyo fmumqmn wogml qmswo lkqmgm s`mbmn h{l{j

jkncki{ylmn goyo skimemo {smhmumn skno qkyskjimhmn. G{m

l{jq{bmn Nmsog gmn smw{ l{jq{bmn Ykimnm Lkycone mne


14/17


=7

gowkj{g{em smhmfm mne jknmwmlmn wogml hmymj jkncki{ylmn

goyo skimemo {smhmumn skno qkyskjimhmn lkymnm jkyklm

jknmno gmn jkjmonlmn j{vol {nw{l w{f{mn jknkimylmn

gmlumh Osbmjomh. Jmnmlmbm l{jq{bmn mne bmon jknmwmlmn

jkymlm wogml ikymqm myod gmyo skeo h{l{j hmlmj. Ymwm ymwm

jkjikyo {nelmqmn skqkywo ikyol{w6

Kh- _mne ow{ smm wml ikymqm qmswo" wmqo hmymq*hmymq wogml

hmymjbmh skimi ono smhmfm mne lowm wm{ i{mw gmn lkqmngmomn

skno ono f{em mgmbmh l{ynommn w{hmn

(N`yhmmwo Vmlmyom" Qkne{y{s gmn qkjobol" L{jq{bmn Jml

_`ne Skyo Wkjknknee{ne Lkbmnwmn/

Ymsmnm wml hmymj skimi lowm jmon i{lmn cmjq{y won` gmn

fmnwmn (gombkl Lkbmnwmn mne jkjimum jmls{g bkbmlo gmn

umnowm/. Wmjimhmn q{bm lowm i{lmn g`l j{fm emq`

(Cole{ Muok Skyone" L{jq{bmn J{vol Ummne L{bow/

Wmh{bmh- Khh ymsmnm hmymj

(Dmykg" L{jq{bmn Wmyomn Lmsw{yo" L`wm Imy{/

Fmg{mb 46 Qmngmnemn h{l{j jkncki{ylmn goyo skimemo

{smhmumn skno qkyskjimhmn gmbmj Osbmj

H{l{j {smhmumn skno

qkyskjimhmn gmbmj Osbmj

Iob +

Wogml hmymj 3 9;

hmymj 1 1

hmy{s 1 1

Wogml qmswo ? 5;


15/17


=;

8.5Qkynmh jkneol{wo l{ys{s wknwmne lk{smhmumnmn OsbmjLkskj{m yksq`ngkn wogml qkynmh jkneol{wo mwm{ goikyo

qkngkgmhmn wknwmne lk{smhmumnmn Osbmj.

8.8Skloymnm mgm kbkjkn gmbmj qkyskjimhmn ow{ ikycmneemhgknemn Osbmj" smnee{qlmh qkne{smhm jkneknkqolmn kbkjkn

ow{ 0

Lkskj{m yksq`ngkn f{em jkjikyo qmngmnemn mne q`sowod

lkqmgm s`mbmn ono gknemn jknfmumq lks{gomn jkyklm

jkneknkqolmn {ns{y*{ns{y mne ikycmneemh gknemn mfmymn

memjm Osbmj skqkywo skjmh" q{fm qknwms" i{lm qmnee{ne gmn

w{w{q qmnee{ne" jkj{fm gkum" qkbkqms (mlwotowo jknmhlmn

{ns{y*{ns{y y`h fmhmw gmyoqmgm jkneemnee{ imgmn qkjmon/

gmn bmon*bmon.

8.?Skjimhmmne mwm{ wogmlLkskj{m yksq`ngkn jknfmumi jkyklm jkbml{lmn

skjimhmne. Qkys`mbmn wknwmne ikymqm lmbo skjimhmmne ow{

wogml q{bm qknelmfo wmnm gknemn wkyqkyonco lkymnm om wkybmb{

sknsowod.

?.1 Lksojq{bmn[smhmumn skno qkyskjimhmn jknmumylmn skno qkyskjimhmn lkqmgm

{j{j {nw{l gosmfolmn skimemo hoi{ymn. Hoi{ymn mne gowmumylmn j{nelon

ikycoyolmn lkosbmjmn gmn skimbolnm. F{swky{" lkgknemymn qkygkimwmn

gosmnm*sono imol go mlhimy jmh{q{n go d`y{j*d`y{j wknwmne {smhmumn

skno gmbmj Osbmj. Nmj{n ikeow{ imnml qohml hmnm qmngmo ikygkimw"

jknekb{mylmn dmwum gmn jkjikyo l`jkn smhmfm" {jqmjm jknkemllmn

iknmne mne imsmh" wmnqm jkjoloylmn swymwkeo gmn qkbmn {nw{l jkjikyo

qknfkbmsmn gmn lkdmhmjmn mne skiknmy lkqmgm qohml {j{j wknwmne

lkg{g{lmn qkylmym mne skiknmy. [smhmumn skno mne gowkj{g{em gmbmj


16/17


=4

wonfm{mn ono ymwm*ymwm i`bkh gomneemq wogml ikymqm fkbms wknwmne lkg{g{lmn

jkyklm skimemo {smhmumn j{sboj. @bkh ow{ os{ ono i`bkh goqmnfmnelmn bmeo

gknemn jkymncmne qkbimemo qy`eymj skywm jkbml{lmn qknkbogolmn

wkyhmgmqnm. Lkjmlj{ymn {jjmh jkbmb{o iogmne lk{smhmumnmn ow{

gmqmw goekjibkne gknemn bkioh hmyj`no skloymnm om ikyqmlsolmn

lkmemjmmn skywm gmqmw goemymq `bkh skj{m umyem j{sboj.


17/17


=5

Y{f{lmn

Mgnmn Mboms" =??5. [smhmumn gmn lk{smhmumnmn" Lk{smhmumnmn" Shmh

Mbmj6 JKGKC.

Mgnmn Mboms" =??9. L`nskq Lk{smhmumnmn" Msms Lk{smhmumnmn" Shmh

Mbmj6 Ioy`wkls.

Me{sw Konmyss`n" 9119. Knwykqyknk{yshoq Ms M Qmyw @d Whk Cykmwotk

Ong{swyoks Uowhon Whk C{bw{ymb Skcw`y On M Sjmbb S`cokw" Dmc{bw `d

Kc`n`jocs mng I{sonkss Mgjonoswymwo`n" [notkysow `d Ockbmng" @ggo"

S{g{yemwm" =1= Yklfmtol" Ockbmng

Ionmjon _mmlì" 9118. [now Qkjimne{nmn Nobmo" [notkysowo Jmbmsom

Lkbmnwmn

C. Joyfmj Tmn Qyme mng Hmns Tmn @qhkj" =??;. Gkwkyjonmnws @d

Uobbonenkss Mng @qq`yw{now W` Swmyw ms mn Knwykqyknk{y" Llb`s.

Gmhbmn Oiymhoj $ H{jmj J`hmjkg" 9111. Lk{smhumnmn Osbmj. L{mbm

B{jq{y6 Qkmys`n*Qyknwock Hmbb

Dmy`l" 9119. Skno Qkyskjimhmn Jkbm{6 Smw{ Lmfomn Wkyhmgmq

@yemnosmso Lk{smhmumnmn Skno" Whksos Qh.G" [notkysowo Jmbmm

Hmjmw Ehmvmbo" =??9. Lk{smhmumnmn Osbmj" Lk{smhmumnmn" Shmh Mbmj"

JKGKC.

Fmloj (hwwq6uuu.imhkos.osbmj.e`t.jukij{slob n.s.d gomjiob ? @e`s

9118/ S`mb Fmumi Memjm

Fmjmb{ggon Chk Smi" =??9. Wk`yo*wk`yo Lk{smhmumnmn" Msms

Lk{smhmumnmn" Shmh Mbmj6 Ioy`wkls

Fky`jk M. Lmwv" =??7. J`gkbbone Knwykqyknk{yomb Cmykky Qyèyksso`ns6

C`nckqws Mng C`nsogkymwo`ns" F`{ynmb @d I{sonkss Tknw{yone.

U. Eoii Gky" Fy." =??7. Wùmyg M Whk`y @d Knwykqyknk{yomb Cmykkys"

Knwykqyknk{yshoq Whk`y Mng Qymcwock.

Ukng C. Hmngbky" =??7. S{ccksso`n On Dmjob I{sonkss6 M Yktoku @d

Whk Ykskmych" Dmjob I{sonkss Yktoku TOO

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