laporan tahunan 1992 annual report - home -...
TRANSCRIPT
0000036114NATIONAL Productivity Corporation (NPC) - [Annual Report],
PERBADANAN PRODUKT1VITI NEGARA
LAPORAN TAHUNAN 1992 ANNUAL REPORT
RIPEPERBADANAN PROOUKTIVm HEOARA
KANDUNGAN
PERUTUSAN PENGERUSI 2
VISI, MISI, OBJEKTIF DAN STRATEGI 3
AKTA (MEMPERBADANKAN) MAJLIS DA YAPENGELUARAN NEGARA (PINDAAN) 1991 4
AHLI-AHLI PERBADANAN PRODUKTIVITI NEGARA 5
STRUKTUR ORGANISASI 6
DIREKTORAT-DIREKTORAT 8
PROGRAM-PROGRAM PENINGKATAN KUALITI 10
PROGRAM GALAKAN PRODUKTIVITI DAN KUALITI 7 2
PROGRAM KHIDMA T NASIHA T DAN PERUNDINGAN 14
PROGRAM LA TIHAN PENINGKATAN PRODUKTIVITI DAN KUALITI 15
PROGRAM PENGUKURAN DAN PENYELIDIKAN PRODUKTIVITI 17
PRESTASI PRODUKTIVITI MALAYSIA 1992 18
PROGRAM SOKONGAN PENINGKATAN PRODUKTIVITI DAN KUALITI 30
INSTITUT PENGURUSAN PERHOTELAN 35
JALINAN KERJASAMA ANTARABANGSA 36
CONTENTS
CHAIRMAN'S MESSA GE 38
VISION, MISSION, OBJECTIVES AND STRATEGIES 39
NATIONAL PRODUCTIVITY COUNCIL(INCORPORATION)(AMENDMENT) ACT 1991 40NATIONAL PRODUCTIVITY CORPORATIONBOARD MEMBERS 41
ORGANISA TION STRUCTURE 42
DIRECTORATES 44
QUALITY IMPROVEMENT PROGRAMMES 46
PROCUTIVITY AND QUALITY PROMOTION PROGRAMMES 48
CONSULTANCY AND ADVISORY SERVICES PROGRAMMES 50
PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY IMPROVEMENT TRAINING PROGRAMMES 51
PRODUCTIVITY MEASUREMENT AND RESEARCH PROGRAMMES 53
MALA YSIAN PRODUCTIVITY PERFORMANCE 1992 54
SUPPORT PROGRAMMES FOR PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY IMPROVEMENT 66
INSTITUTE OF HOTEL MAN A GEMENT 71
INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION NETWORK 72
PERUTUSAN PENGERUSI
Sebagai satu-satunya Institusi Pembangunan Sumber Manusia kbususnya dalampengurusan peningkatan Produktiviti, fokus program dan aktiviti Perbadanan ProduktivitiNegara(NPC) adalah dipengaruhi oleh arah aliran pertumbuban Ekonomi Negara.
Dalam tabun 1992, sektor-sektorpembuatan dan perkbidmatan di antara sektor ekonomiyang berkembang pesat. Bagi menangani pertumbuban sektor-sektor tersebut ia bukanhanya memerlukan tenaga kerja yang banyak tetapi yang lebih penting ia memerlukantenaga kerja yang terlatib, produktif dan berkualiti. Keperluan ini mewujudkan cabarankepada NPC kbususnya bagi mengenalpasti tahap-tahap Produktiviti bagi sektor dansektor-sektor kecil ekonomi serta meningkatkan produktiviti tenaga kerja.
Untuk tujuan ini NPC telah mengenalpasti sektor dan melaksanakan pengukuran dananalisis pertumbuban produktiviti Negara. Bagi tempuh 1981-1992 pertumbuhanproduktiviti telah berkembangpadakadar 2.8% setahun, 3-6%bagitempoh 1986-1990 dan4.7% bagi tabun 1991-1992. Sektor utama yang menyumbang kepada peningkatanProduktiviti ialah Sektor Pembuatan yang mencatatkan sumbangan di atas kadar 19. 7%dalam tabun 1981 dan meningkat kepada 28.3% dalam tahun 1992 dan diikuti oleh sektorpertanian (16.0%), sektor perdagangan 11.9% dan sektor kewangan 10.3%- Puratapertumbuhan produktiviti sektor pembuatan telab berkembang pada kadar 4.1% setahunmanakala sektor pertanian ialah 3-0%, dan sektor kewangan 3-5%.
Dalam usaha untuk meningkatkan produktiviti tenaga kerja NPC meneruskan programlatihan dengan memberi tumpuan kbusus kepada program-program yang memberi kesanterus menerus kepada Peningkatan Produktiviti. Dalam tabun 1992 NPC telab herjayamengendalikan sehanyak 317 buab kursus dan melibatkan 6837peserta.
Bagi memastikan NPC terus mendapat maklumat terkini berkenaan dengan isu-isuProduktiviti dan Kualiti, hubungan dengan pertubuhan-pertububan Produktiviti diPeringkat Asia dan Dunia terus diberi perhatian melalui program-program pertukaranmaklumat dan usabasama.
Pengurusan Hotel NPC sebagai sebuab entiti komersial telah menunjukkan prestasi yangmenggalakkan. Kesetabilan urusniaga Hotel telab mengukuh dan membantu meningkatkanprestasi perlaksanaan Program Latihan Pengurusan Perhotelan NPC.
Pada keseluruhannya prestasi NPC bagi tabun 1992 telah membantu memantapkan lagiperlaksanaan tugasnya dalam usaha membantu meningkatkan produktiviti negara.
Perbadanan Produktiviti Negara merasa bangga dan berterima kasib di atas sambutandan sokonganyang diberikan oleh industri-industri, organisasi-organisasi danpelangganterhadapperkhidmatannya. Kepada Kementerian Perdagangan Antarabangsa dan IndustridanAhli-AhliLembaga, say a mengucapkan ribuan terima kasih di atas nasibat danpanduarab yang berterusan. Saya juga ingin mengucapkan syabas kepada semua warga NPCyang telab berjaya melaksanakan tugas dengan cemerlang.
Tan Sri Dato' Azman Hashim
VISI, MISI, OBJEKTIF DAN STRATEGI
Visi
G Untuk menjadi institusi Produktiviti danKualiti negara
Misi
G Untuk membanlu meningkatkanProduktiviti dan Kualiti Negara
Objektif
G Untuk membangun tenaga manusia danenterprais ke arah kecemerlangan
G Untuk menasibati kerajaan dan sektorswasta tentang isu-isu danperkembangan Produktiviti dan Kualiti
G Untuk membantu mewujudkan pakardan kepakaran tempatan dalam bidangProduktiviti dan Kualiti, Pengurusan,Keusahawanan dan Penyeliaan
Strategi
G Meningkatkanpenyelidikan Produktivitidan Kualiti meliputi sektor utamaindustri
G Meningkatkan keupayaanpenyelidikan,promosi, latiban dan perundinganmelalui penyeliaan pakar dankepakaran dalam bidang Produktivitidan Kualiti
G Meningkatkan dan menyebar amalan,penggunaan, proses dan teknikpeningkatan Produktiviti dan Kualiti
G Menekankan pengendalian latiban-latihan yang berkaitan secara langsungdengan peningkatan Produktiviti danKualiti
G Meningkatkan taraf latihan-latibanProduktiviti dan Kualiti, Pengurusandan Keusahawanan melaluipengiktirafan institusi-institusi latibanswasta
G Mewujudkan suasana bekerja yangsesuai untuk meningkatkanprofesionalisme perkbidmatan
G Menubuhkan satu pusat maklumatProduktiviti dan Kualiti yang kemaskini.
G Mengeratkan perhubungan denganorganisasi-organisasi Produktiviti danKualiti antarabangsa
AKTA (MEMPERBADANKAN) MAJLIS DAYAPENGELUARAN NEGARA (PINDAAN) 1991Perbadanan Produktiviti Negara (NPC)dahulunya dikenali sebagai Pusat DayaPengeluaran Negara telah ditububkandalam tahun 1962 sebagai satu projekbersama Dana Kbas Bangsa-BangsaBersatu dan Kerajaan Persekutuan denganPertubuhan Buruh Antarabangsa (1LO)sebagai agensi pentadbirnya.
Dalam tabun 1966, Akta(Memperbadankan) Majlis DayaPengeluaran Negara Bilangan 19 telahdiluluskan dan Majlis menjadi sebuahBadan yang berkuasa sendiri. Akta ini telahdipinda oleh Akta (Memperbadankan)Majlis Daya Pengeluaran Negara (Pindaan)Akta A 3 05 1975 sesuai denganperkembangan Pusat ini. Akta inikemudiannya, dipinda kepada Akta(Memperbadankan) Majlis DayaPengeluaran Negara (Pindaan) Akta A8011991.
Dengan penguatkuasaan Akta ini pada 1Disember 1991 maka Majlis DayaPengeluaran Negara ditukar menjadiPerbadanan Produktiviti Negara, Di antarakerja-kerja Perbadanan yangdiperuntukkan di bawah Akta tersebutialah:
D menerajui penggalakan danpenyebaran maklumat dan isu-isuyang berbubung dengan produktiviti
O menubuhkan suatu pusat maklumatdan rujukan bagi indeks produktivitibagi negara dan bagi sistem-sistempengurusan dan kajian-kajian kes
O mengeluarkanpakar dan kepakarantempatan dalam bidang produktiviti,kualiti, pengurusan dan
. keusahawanan
D mempertingkatkan pembangunansumber manusia pada peringkatpenyeliaan dan peringkatpengurusan
O menasihati dan menyelaraskanpelaksanaan program-program danaktiviti-aktiviti yang berbubungdengan produktiviti dan kualiti
menilai dan memperakui program-program latihan pengurusan danpenyeliaan, program-programkeusahawanan, dan program-program produktiviti dan kualitiyang dijalankan oleh sektor swasta
\i orang awam
D menjalankan latihan atauprogram-program lain yang berbubungdengan produktiviti, kualiti,pengurusan dan keusahawanan
O mengadakan perkhidmatanrundingan yang berbubung denganproduktiviti, kualiti, pengurusan dankeusahawanan
O mengumpul, mengeluar danmenerbitkan maklumat mengenaiproduktiviti, kualiti, pengurusan,keusahawanan dan bal-hal lainyang berbubung
AH LI-AH LI PERBADANANPRODUKTIVITI NEGARATan Sri Dato' Azman HashimPSM, DPMS, JMN, KMNPengerusiPerbadanan Produktiviti Negara
Dr Abdullah TahirKMN, AMNTimbalan Ketua Setiausaba (Industri)Kementerian Perdagangan Antarabangsadan IndustriTimbalan PengerusiPerbadanan Produktiviti Negara
Abli GantiHj Samsuddin Marsop
Ir Hj Arsbad Hj MarsidiJSM, KMNKetua PengarahPerbadanan Produktiviti Negara
Tan Sri Dato'Mohd Sheriff Mohd KassimPSM, DSDK, JMN, KMNKetua Setiausaba PerbendabaraanKementerian Kewangan
Abli GantiDr Mazlan Ahmad
Dato' AH Abul Hassan SulaimanDSPN, JSM, DJN, AMNKetua PengarabUnit Perancang EkonomiJabatan Perdana Menteri
Abli GantiYM Raja Zabaraton Raja ZainalAbidin
Dato' Wan Jaafar AbdullabDSAP, KMN, JSM, PPTKetua SetiausabaKementerian Pertanian
Abli GantiDato' Dr Abdul Kuddus Abmad
Dato' Anthony Yeo Keat SeongDIMP, JSMKetua SetiausabaKementerian Sumber Manusia
Abli GantiLim Bob Ang
Tan Sri Dato' Dr Sbamsudin Abdul KadirPSM, DPMJ, DPCM, JMNSektor Sivasta
Tan Sri Kisbu TJethanandPSMSektor Swasta
Tan Sri Dato' Seri Eric Chia Eng LockDato' Indera Alam Di RajaPSM, SSMT, SJMK, SPMT, DJMK, DIMPSektor Swasta
Tan Sri William CbengPSMSektor Swasta
Prof Madya Dr Abu Azam Mohd YassinTimbalan Naib Canselor (Akademik)Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
Dr Mohd Noordin Mobd SopieeSektor Swasta
Datuk Dr Kamal SalibDSPN, KMN, PKT, JMNSektor Swasta
Liew Sbou KongPersekutuan Majikan-Majikan Malaysia
Abdul Gaffoor IbrahimTimbalan PresidenKongres Kesatuan Sekerja
Setiausaba PerbadananHalimab AliAMN, KMNPengarab Ehwal Korporat
STRUKTUR ORGANISASI
KETUAPENGARAH
(Ir Hj Arshad Hj Marsidi)
INSTITUTPENGURUSAN HOTEL(Mohd Nadzri Mohd
Jelos)
Ehwal Korporat(Halimah Ali)
HOTEL NPC
Peningkatan -:-PFodukMi &
Kualili(Hj Muslapha Abd Kadir)
T1MBALAN KETUAPENGARAH
(Ismail Adam -Muiai 1 November,
1992)
Pengiktirafan & '.Latihon
(Hj Buslon Khatib -Sehingga ISOgos,
1992) i
KmdmatNasihatSPerundingan
(Mah Lok Abdulla
Pengukuran SPenyelidikan
Prodikliviti(Soo Cheong Putt)
WIIAYAH SABAH(Mohd Jasni Abd Aziz}
WILAYAH SARAWAK(Goh Swee Seang)
WILAYAH UTARA(Choong Loo Kong-
Sehingga September,1992)
(Hj Abd Hahman Ibfahlm-Oktobet, 1992)
WILAYAH PANTAITIMUR
(Mustapa Sufa'at)
WltAYAH SEUTAN(Hj Hassan Sulaiman)
PERBADANANPRODUKTIVITINEGARA
Lentbaga Pengurusan
KETUA PENGARAH(Ir Hj Arshad Hj Marsidi)
TIMBALAN KETUA PENGARAH(Ismail Adam - mulai 1 November, 1992)
PENGARAHDirektorat Pengukuran dan PenyelidikanProdukUviti(Soo Cbeong Futt)
PENGARAHDirektorat Kbidmat Nasihat danPerundingan(Mab Lok Abdullab)
PENGARAHDirektorat Pengiktirafan dan Latihan(Hj Ruslan Khatib- sehingga 15September, 1992)
PENGARAHDirektorat Peningkalan Produktiviti danKualiti(Hj Mustapha Abd Kadir)
PENGARAHDirektorat Ehwal Korporat(Halimah AH)
Ketua-Ketua Pejabat Wilayah
PENGARAHWilayah Selatan(Hj Hassan Sulaiman)
PENGARAHWilayah Pantai Timur(Mustapha Sufa'al)
PENGARAHWilayah Sabah(Mohd Jasni Abd Aziz)
PENGARAHWilayah Sarawak(Gob Swee Seang)
KETUAWilayah Utara(Cboong Loo Kong - sehingga September1992)
PENGARAHWilayah Utara(Hj Abd Rahman Ibrahim - mulaiOktober 1992)
Institut Pengurusan Perbotelan
KETUA(Mohd Nadzri Mohd Jelas)
7
DIREKTORAT-DIREKTORAT
Untuk melaksanakan peranannya, NPCtelab menyusun struktur organisasinyakepada 5 (lima) Direktorat berikut:
Q Direktorat Pengukuran danPenyelidikan Produktiviti
G Direktorat Peningkatan Produktivitidan Kualiti
Q Direktorat Pengiktirafan dan LatihanQ Direktorat Khidmat Nasihat dan
PerundinganG Direktorat Ehwal Korporat
Direktorat PengukuranPenyelidikan Produktiviti
Dan
Direktorat Pengukuran dan PenyelidikanProduktiviti beroperasi melalui duabahagian utama iaitu BahagianPengukuran M i k r o dan Makro danBabagian Penyelidikan Produktiviti. Tugasutama Direktorat ini ialab menjalankanPenyelidikan Produktiviti, membuatanalisis pengukuran produktiviti dandisamping mewujudkan angkatunjukproduktiviti untuk sektor ekonomi negara.
Direktorat Peningkatan ProduktivitiDan Kualiti
Direktorat Peningkatan Produktiviti danKualiti juga melaksanakan program-programnya melalui dua bahagian utamaiaitu Babagian Galakan dan BahagianImplementasi. Babagian Galakanmenumpukan usabanya untukmewujudkan dan meningkatkankesedaran sementara BabagianImplementasi ini pula menumpukankepada teknik-teknik dan cara-cara untukmeningkatkan Produktiviti.
Direktorat Pengiktirafan Dan Latihan
Direktorat Pengiktirafan dan Latihanm e mp u ny a i e mp at bahagian iaituPengiktirafan, Latihan Penyeliaan, LatihanPengurusan dan Latihan Industri Kecil danSederhana.
Bahagian Pengiktirafan mengiktiraf danmenyelarasprogram-program latihan yangdikendalikan oleb sektor swasta. MaqakalaBahagian-Babagian Latihan pulamenumpukan kepada program TenagaManusia dalam pengurusan Produktivitidan Kualiti, pengurusan, penyeliaan dankeusahawanan.
8
Direktorat Khidmat Nasihat DanPerundingan
Direktorat ini mempunyai tiga babagianiaitu bahagian Perundingan Dasar,bahagian Perundingan Industri danbahagian Perundingan IKS. Direktorat inimemberi khidmat nasihat dan tunjukajarkepada sektor swasta berhubung denganisu-isu peningkatan Produktiviti danKualiti.
Direktorat Ehwal Korporat
Direktorat ini melaksanakan fungsinyamelalui tujuh bahagian yang terdiridaripada-Pengurusan Tenaga Manusia,Pengurusan Maklumat, PerkhidmatanTeknikal, Pengurusan Kewangan,Pentadbiran dan Perkhidmatan UrusetiaPerbadanan (Pengurusan Korporat) danUrusniaga Hotel NPC.
Fungsi Babagian Pengurusan TenagaManusia-meliputi Perancangan danPembangunan Tenaga Kerja, Pengurusandan Pentadbiran Perjawatan.
Bahagian Pengurusan Maklumat pulamengumpul, mengolah, menyimpan,mengbebah dan membekal maklumat-maklumat semasa dan teknik berkenaandengan pengurusan Produktiviti danKualiti, Statistik Produktiviti, isu-isu kualiti,pengurusan dan keusahawanan.Maklumat ini disebarkan melaluipenerbitan, perpustakaan dan khidmatpus at maklumat berkomputer.Perkhidmatan media massa-elektronikdan cetak juga digunakan dari masa kesemasa. Perhubungan Awam dan serantajuga adalah antara fungsi BahagianPengurusan Maklumat.
Bahagian Perkhidmatan Teknikal pulamembekal perkhidmatan teknikal bagifungsi-fungsi Penyenggaraan harta tetap,peralatan dan kelengkapan serta jentera.Unit ini juga bertanggungjawab untukpeningkatan dan pembangunanperkhidmatan teknikal seperti perisiankomputer, pan dang den gar danpercetakan.
Bahagian Pengurusan Kewanganbertanggungjawab kepada pengurusandan pentadbiran kewangan NPC dari segiBelanja Mengurus dan Pembangunan sertaProjek-Projek Khas dan PengurusanKewangan Hotel NPC.
Bahagian Penladbiran dan Perkhidmatanini mempunyai dua fungsi utama iaituPengurusan Bekalan dan Pentadbiran Am.Unit Perkhidmatan pula melaksanakan
f u n g s i - f u n g s i perkbidmatan logistik,kebajikan dan perkhidmatan am.
Bahagian Urusetia Perbadanan berfungsiuntuk mengurus semua mesyuaratLembaga, Penal-Penal perunding dan yangberkaitan. Bahagian ini jugamelaksanakan fungsi penyelaras danpengawasan perlaksanaan fungsi olebDirektorat-Direktorat mengikut dasar danketetapan Lembaga. Pengendalian Projek-Projek Khas dan PerhubunganAntarabangsa juga menjadi f u n g s ibabagian ini.
Hotel NPC-Bahagian ini bertanggungjawabke atas pengurusan Hotel NPC sebagai entitiurusniaga komersial.
Pejabat-Pejabat Wilayah
Untuk memastikan perkbidmatan NPCdapat meliputi semua lapisan dangolongan luar bandar, NPC telahmenubuhkan lima pejabat bagi memenubikeperluan Wilayah-Wilayahnya iaituWilayab Utara di Pulau Pinang, Timur diKuantan, Selatan di Jobor Bbaru sertaSabah dan Sarawak. Pejabat-Pejabat inimembekalkan semua perkhidmatan yangdibekalkan oleb Ibu Pejabat NPC.
PROGRAM-PROGRAM PENINGKATANKUALITI
meningkatkan keberkesananperlaksanaan per an an NPC sebagaiInstitusi Produktiviti dan Kualiti, Program-Program Khas seperli berikut terusdilaksanakan.
(1) Konvensyen QCC(2) Pendaftaran QCC(3) Anugerah Kualiti
KONVENSYEN QCC
(1) Mini Konvensyen
Dua bucth mini konvensyen dengandisertai oleh 316 peserta telahdiadakan untuk kumpulan-kumpulanbaru yang belum pernah membuatpersembahan di luar dart organisasimereka.
Tujuan mini konvensyen ini diadakanialah untuk memberi keyakinankepada kumpulan QCC membuatpersembahan di kbalayak ramai.
(2) Penghakiman Persembahan QCC
Sebanyak 23 organisasi yangmenganjurkan Konvensyen QCCdalaman mereka telah mendapatkhidmat penghakiman dari NPC.Perkhidmatan ini diberikan percumasebagai suatu usaha NPC unt.uk
. mengembangkan Gerakan QCC diMalaysia.
(3) Konvensyen WilayahSebanyak lima konvensyen peringkatWilayah dengan seramai 1 790pesertatelah diadakan. Sejumlah 119kumpulan telah mengambil bahagian.Konvensyen Wilayah telah diadakandi Melaka-Wilayah Selatan, PulauPinang-Wilayah Vtara, KualaTerengganu-Wilayah Timur, Kuching-Wilayah Sarawak dan Petaling Jaya-Wilayah Tengah.
(4) Konvensyen QCC Kebangsaan 1992
Konvensyen QCC peringkatKebangsaan ini telah diadakan diLangkawi d&ngan penyertaan seramai450 orang, Sebanyak 36 kumpulantelah bertanding di peringkat ini.Mulai tahun ini juga bilangankumpulan yang bertanding diperingkat kebangsaan telah ditambah
10
daripada 24 kepada 36 kumpulan.
Alasan penambahan ini adalah untukmembolehkan lehih banyak kumpulanterbaik di peringkat w Hay ahberpeluang bertandingpadaperingkatkebangsaan. Pendekatan ini jugamerupakan promosi secara tidaklangsung mengenai kesedarankepentingan kualiti melalui aktivitiQCC.
PENDAFTARAN QCC
Sehingga bulan Disemher 1992 sebanyak1648 QCC telah berdaftar denganSekretariat TQC, Pecahan pendaftaranadalah seperli berikut:
Sektor Pembuatan - 656 kumpulanSektor Elektronik - 780 kumpulanSektor Perkhidmatan -212 kumpulan
Pendaftaran ini dibuat untuk mengesandan meneliti perkembangan aktivitipengurusan kualiti di Malaysia.
ANVGERAH KUALITI
Dalam tahun 1992, kerajaan telahmengadakan Anugerah KecemerlanganIndustri. Di bawah Anugerah ini terdapatAnugerah Kecemerlangan Keluaran,Anugerab Kecemerlangan Eksport,Anugerah Prestasi Hotel dan AnugerahPengurusan Kualiti.
Dalam melaksanakan tugas ini, NPC telahdipertanggungjawab untuk menjayakanAnugerah Prestasi Hotel dan AnugerahPengurusan Kualiti.
(1) Anugerah Prestasi Hotel
Penyertaan Anugerah Prestasi Hoteladalah terbuka kepada semua hotel diMalaysia yang beroperasi sekurang-kurangnya sejak 1 Julai, 1991.Sebanyak 54 buah hotel telahmengambil bahagian untuk merebutAnugerah tersebut.
Pemenang-Pemenanga)Kategori saiz hotel besar.-
Hotel Shangri-La, Kuala Lumpurh)Kategori saiz hotel sederhana:
The City Bayview, Pulau Pinangc) Kategori saiz hotel kecil:
Pangkor Laut Resort, Pulau PangkorPerak
(2) Anugerab Pengurusan Kualiti
Anugerab ini diberi kepada syarikat-syarikat yang berdaftar di Malaysia,Anugerab ini merupakan pengiktirafanrasmi kepada organisasi-organisasiyang menunjukkan prestasi cemerlangdalam usaba bagi mewujudkanpengurusan kualiti. Sebanyak sepuluhorganisasi telah disenarairingkaskan.Tujub untuk industri besar dan ligaindustri sederbana.Pemenang-Pemenanga) Organisasi saiz besar:
MAICOb) Organisasi saiz sederbana:
IBM
1 1
PROGRAM GALAKAN PRODUKTIVITI DANKUALITIBerbagai aktiviti telah dijalankan bagimeningkatkan tabap dan skop kesedaranmasyarakat akan pentingnya Produktivitidan Kualiti sebagai satu amalan. Aktivitigalakan dilaksanakan menerusi promosimedia, ceramah, bengkel, penubuhan kelabProduktiviti dan Kualiti, penerbitan video,bahan promosi, pameran, lawatan,penerbitan dan khidmat nasibat.
Promosi Media(Radio/Televisyen)
Konsep Produktiviti dan Kualiti sebagaibudaya kerja diterapkan menerusi 'jingle'dan 'trailer' NPC yang diteruskanhebahannya melalui rangkaian-rangkaianutama radio dan televisyen.
Satu wawancara dengan Ketua PengarahNPC mengenai "Company Manual onProductivity Assessment"(COMPASS) telahdisiarkan dalam rancangan Money Mattersdi TV3.
Ceramah Produktiviti dan Kualiti
Ceramah Produktiviti dan Kualitiditujukan kepada organisasi swasta danawam serta guru-guru dan para pelajar.
Ceramab kesedaran Produktiviti danKualiti dilaksanakan untuk sektor-sektortertentu. Dalam tahun 1992, programyang dijalankan ataspermintaan ini telahmemheri manfaat kepada 9510 orang.
Kelab Produktiviti dan Kualiti
Kelab ini telah ditubuhkan dengan hasratuntuk menanam kesedaran Produktivitidan Kualiti di peringkat awalan,
Berdasarkan p rest as i ini di k a was anbandar, program penubuhan kelab initelah diperluaskan lagi di mana enambuah sekolah di kawasan fuar bandar telahterpilih untuk menyertainya.
Sehingga ini sebanyak lapan buah sekolahtelah menubuhkan Kelab Produktiviti danKualiti dengan bantuan dan kerjasamaNPC.
Bengkel Kualiti untuk Sekolah danOrganisasi
Bengkel ini dianjurkan dengan tujuansupaya para pelajar dapat memahami danmempelajari cara dan kaedah terbaikuntuk belajar dan konsep kumpulan dalampenyelesaian masalab yang mereka badapi.Sebanyak lima bengkel telah diadakandengan dihadiri oleh seramai 480 orangpelajar. Disamping itu untuk organisasi,tiga buah bengkel telah dijalankan untukseramai 140 orang peserta.
Penerbitan Video
Sebanyak dua versi video berhubungdengan peningkatan Produktiviti danKualiti dalam kerjaya masa depan telahditerbitkan. Video ini memberi tumpuankepada pemiliban kerjaya berkemahiran.la akan disiarkan menerusi televisyen danakan diedarkan ke perpustakaan dansekolah-sekolah di selurub negara.
Bahan-Baban
Bahan-bahan promosi ini dikeluarkandengan tujuan untuk menimbulkankesedaran serta menarik perhatianmasyarakat ten tang pentingnyapeningkatan Produktiviti dan Kualiti.
Di antara bahan-bahan promosi yangdikeluarkan ialah poster-poster kualiti,risalah kualiti, panduan ringkas TQC danlain-lain lagi.
Pameran Bergerak Produktiviti danKualiti
Pameran yang dijalankan kebanyakannyaberdasarkan permintaan, Pameran-pameran ini telah diadakan di sekolah-sekolah, institusi-institusipengajian tinggi,jabatan-jabatan kerajaan, industri-industri dan di Konvensyen QCC yangdianjurkan oleh NPC.
Lawatan Sambit Belajar
Sebanyak sepuluh lawatan sambil belajartelah diterima oleb NPC. Lawatan-lawatanini datangnya dari agensi-agensi kerajaan,industri, sekolah dan tidak ketinggalan dariluar negara.
12
Penerbitan
Maklumat tentang Produktiviti,dan Kualitijuga disalurkan melalui lapan jenispenerbitan NPC untuk sebaran kepadakumpulan tertentu. Enam majalah yangditerbitkan ialah:a) Produktiviti
- Artikel-artikel mengenai pengurusanProduktiviti
- Kumpulan sasar: penyelia, pekerja,pelajar.
b) Media Usabawan- Artikel-artikel mengenai
keusahawanan- Kumpulan sasar: usabawan dan
bakal usabawanc) Forum Pengurusan
- Artikel-artikel mengenai pengurusandan teknik
- Kumpulan sasar: pengurus danpenyelia
d) Spektrum QCC- Artikel-artikel mengenai pengurusan
kualiti- Kumpulan sasar: ahli-ahli QCC
e) TQC- Artikel-artikel mengenai pengurusan
kualiti- Kumpulan sasar: penyelia dan
pengurusf) Jurnal Produktiviti
- Artikel-artikel mengenai penemuan-penemuan berhubung denganProduktiviti dan Kualiti
- Kumpulan sasar: pengurus dan abliakademik
Kbidmat Nasibat
Khidmat ini diberikan kepada organisasi-organisasi, pertububan-pertubuhan danpersatuan-persatuan yang memerlukannasibat berkaitan dengan programpeningkatan Produktiviti dan Kualiti,perlaksanaan program kesedaranProduktiviti, makluman tentang kumpulanQCC,TQC dan isu-isu lain berhubungdengan Produktiviti dan Kualiti.
Kbidmat ini biasanya diberikan kepadaperingkat awalan sebelum sesuatucadangan program peningkatanproduktiviti diserahkan.
13
PROGRAM KHIDMAT NASIHAT DANPERUNDINGANKhidmat Nasihat dan Perundingan olehNPC adalah bertujuan untukmengenalpasti keadaan dan kedudukansemasa perniagaan dan memberikancadangan-cadangan yang praktik untukmempertingkatkan tahap Produktiviti danKualiti. Bidang yang dirangkumi ialah:
G Analisis Keperluan LatihanG TQM/ISO9000G Penjagaan Kebersihan Melalui 55G Sistem Kawalan KualitiG Pembangunan DasarG Penyelidikan
Dalam tabun 1992, NPC telah memberikankhidmat nasibat dan perundingan kepada1 7 buah syarikat iaitu:
Nama Syarikat Tajuk Perundingan
Q Utusan Printcorp (M) Sdn Bbd
Q Utusan Security (M) Sdn Bbd
G GP Autobat Sdn Bhd
Q L&M Holdings Sdn Bbd
G Marco Shoe Sdn Bbd
G Felmil CorporationG Steel Industry Sarawak Sdn Bbd
G Syarikat Bidin Jasin Sdn Bhd
G Cbongai Knitting Co.
G Highland Chocolate Sdn BbdG Kejuruteraan Emas Sdn Bhd
Q Cbee Leal Eng Works Sdn Bbd
G Syarikat Rahman Brother &Belmony Industries Sdn Bhd
G Rumah Rehat LKNP, Pulau Tioman
G Ironworks Shipyard, KuchingG Kucbing Water Board, Sarawak
Productivity and QualityImprovementBusiness DiagnosisClimate SurveyTraining Needs AnalysisrandClimate Survey
TQM/ISO 9000/5S
TQM/ISO 9000/5S
TQM/TPM/5S
Productivity & QualityImprovementTQM/ISO 9000TQM/ISO 9000Productivity & QualityImprovementProductivity & QualityImprovement
Quality Control
Operational Management of theRest HouseProject Management
Project Management
14
PROGRAM LATIHAN PENINGKATANPRODUKTIVITI DAN KUALITIProgram latihan peningkatan Produktivitidan Kualiti telah diklasifikasikan mengikuttajuk-tajuk berikut:-
Program Pengurusan KualitiKursus-kursus yang ditawarkan di dalamprogram ini bertumpu ke arab memberikefahaman konsep kualiti, teknik-teknikdan alat kawalan mutu, pengehlaan danpengurusan kawalan mutu kerja, kawalanmutu menyeluruh serf a pengurusankawalan mutu.
Program Pengurusan Produktiviti
Program Pengurusan Produktivitimerangkumi bidang yang luas. Kursus-kursus yang ditawarkan di dalam programini bermula dengan memberi kefahamandan kesedaran mengenai produktivitisebinggalab kepada kaedah-kaedahpengukuran produktiviti di mana industriakan dibimbing untuk mewujudkanangkatunjuk-angkatunjuk sendiri,
Program Pengurusan Sumber ManusiaRamai telah menyedari tentangkepentingan mengurus sumber manusiakerana ianya aset utama di dalamsesebuah organisasi. Kecanggihanteknologi sabaja tidak dapat menjaminkejayaan sesuatu industri dan tidak dapatdimanfaatkan sepenuhnya andaikatasumber manusia tidak dapat diurus secarasempurna dan berkesan. Jusleru di dalamprogram ini, aspek-aspek kepimpinan,latihan, motivasi, keselamatan danperancangan diberi tumpuan kbas dalamusaba mempertingkatkan pembangunansumber manusia.
Program Pengurusan PengeluaranS el a in dari menyentuh aspek-aspekperancangan dan kawalan dalampengeluaran, program ini juga turutmenawarkan kursus-kursus dalambidang keselamatan, industri,penyelenggaraan, pengurusan stor dan stokserta kaji kaedah/pemudahan kerja.
Program Jualan dan PemasaranProgram ini menekankan aspek-aspekperbubungan dan kemahiran dalammengendalikan Jualan yang berkesan.
Program Untuk IKS danKeusabawananProgram ini menaivarkan pelbagai kursusdari beberapa disiplin dengan tujuanuntuk memperlengkapkan usahawan-usahawan dalam menjejaki duniaperniagaan yang semakin mencabar.Kursus-kursus yang ditawarkan adalahpembinaan, pengurusan kewangan,pemasaran, motivasi, belanjaw&n dan jugakursus keusabawanan untuk pegawai dankakitangan kerajaan yang akanmenceburkan diri di dalam perniagaan.
Program Pemintaan Khas DanUsahasama
Program ini adalah program latihan yangdiubahsuai untuk memenubi keperluanyang spesifik organisasi yang membuatpernintaan. Disamping itu terdapat jugaprogram latihan yang dijalankan secarausahasama dengan badan-badan lain. Diantara projek yang telah dilaksanakan dibawah program ini adalah FujitsuComponent (M) Sdn Bbd, Dunlop MalaysiaIndustries Bhd (DMIB), Tien Wab Press,Sonic Pacific Sdn Bhd, Shin-Etsu (M) SdnBbd dan AIWA.
Program Khas (Program APO)Program ini meliputi kursus/seminar dansimposium anjuran PertubuhanProduktiviti Asia (APO) di mana NPCadalah organisasi pelaksana programterse but di Malaysia, s a ma da secarabersendirian ataupun kerjasama denganagensi-agensi lain dan Kementerianberkaitan.
Program AntarabangsaKursus-kursus yang ditawarkan di bawahprogram ini merupakan sebabagian dariProgram-Program Kerjasama TeknikalMalaysia yang terbuka kepada penyertaanperserta-peserta dari rantau Asia Pasifikdan Afrika. Kursus-kursus ini meliputiaspek-aspek peningkatan produktiviti,penyeliaan dan pengurusan sumbermanusia.
15
Program-Program Lain
Kursus-kursus yang tidak berkait terusdengan peningkatan Produktiviti danKualiti dtkategorikan di dalam kumpulanini. Kursus-kursus ini masih dijalankanlagi kerana kedapatan permintaan yangmenggalakkan dari orang perseorangandan sektor swasta. Antara kursus-kursusyang ditawarkan ialah:
G Pengurusan PerakaunanQ Perhubungan PerusabaanQ Program Pengurusan Perbotelan
Namun demikian, kursus-kursus tersebutakan disubkontrakkan di masa-masa akandatang.
Pencapaian Sepanjang Tabun 1992
Program
Program Pengurusan Kualiti
Program Pengurusan ProduktivitiProgram Pengurusan Sumber Manusia
Program Pengurusan PengeluaranProgram Jualan dan Pemasaran
Program Untuk IKS dan Keusabawanan
Program Khas (Program APO)
Program AntarabangsaProgram-Program Lain
Jumlah
Jumtab Kursus
2932
107
199
78
32
38
317
Jumlah Peserta
1,379496
1,783276120
1,73772
50924
6,837
16
PROGRAM PENGUKURAN DANPENYELIDIKAN PRODUKTIVITIDt sepanjang tahun 1992, NPC telabmelaksanakan 28 penyelidikan mengenaipengukuran produktiviti, sistem gaji danupah, latiban pengurusan dan prestasiproduktiviti dalam sektor pembuatan,perkbidmatan dan pertanian.
i) Di antara bidang penyelidikan yangtelab dijalankan ialah:Q Pertalian di antara upah dan
produktivitiQ Ciri-ciri pelaburan terus dari luar
negara dan hubungannya denganproduktiviti di sektor pembuatan
G 'Total Factor Productivity'Q Kajian mengenai statuspenggunaan
angkatunjuk/nisbah-nisbabproduktiviti
Q 'Real Productivity Indices forInternational Comparisons'
Q Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhiproduktiviti buruh
Q Penifaian prestasi perniagaan'Handicraft'(Kerjasama ITM)
Q Program peningkatan produktivitidalam industri auto-komponen
Q Kajian Kesan Teknologi ke ataspeningkatan produktiviti di dalamindustri Tekstil
Q Sistem upah dan ketidakbadiranpekerja
it) An all sis produktiviti di sektorpembuatan Malaysia. Industri-industriyang terlibat ialah:Q 'Plastic'Q 'Transport Equipment'Q 'Scientific and measurement
equipment'Q 'Petroleum refinery and the
manufacture of miscellaneousproducts of petroleum and coal1
G 'Fabricated metal products'Q 'Chemicalproducts'Q 'Paper, printing and publishing'
iii)Laporan status mengenai produktivitidi peringkat ekonomi dan kebangsaan:Q Sektor pembuatanQ Sektor pertanianQ Industri perhotelan(Laporan ini
berdasarkan soalselidik 'Inter-HotelPerformance Award')
Q Kraftangan
PENERBITAN KHAS
"Company Manual For ProductivityAssessment" (COMPASS)
COMPASS merupakan buku panduan yangtelah diterbitkan oleh NPCbertujuan untuk:
Q Untuk menyediakan satu set piawaianpengukuran produktiviti pada peringkatsyarikat
Q Untuk memudabkan amalanpengurusan terbuka (participativemanagement) di dalam syarikat. Konsepnilai tambah (added value)menggalakkan penyertaan pekerja sertapengkhususan ke arah mencapaimatlamat bersama. Manakala konsepkeuntungan lebih cenderung ke arahmewujudkan jurang pemisah antarapihak pekerja dan pengurusan
Q Untuk membolebkan syarikat membuatperancangan belanjawan korporatberdasarkan objektif produktiviti
Sempena dengan pelancaran COMPASStersebut, satu "Seminar Cum Workshop OnCOMPASS" telab diadakan di Petalingjayayang dihadiri oleh 81 peserta dari 30syarikat dan organisasi kerajaan. Seminaryang sama juga telab diadakan di PulauPinang, Kuching dan Johor Bahru.
Beberapa kursus juga telah dijalankanberbubung dengan pengurusan danpengukuran produktiviti iaitu:-
Q 'Measuring Resource Productivity inManufacturing'
Q 'Productivity Diagnosis As A StrategicManagement Tool'
Q 'Linking Profitability, Productivity andWage'
17
PRESTASI PRODUKTIVITI MALAYSIA, 1992
Arab Aliran Produktiviti Secara Keseluruhan
Secara keseluruhannya, produktiviti Malaysia berkembangpadakadar 4. l.%setahunbagitempob 1985-1992. Pada tabun 1992, produktiviti mencatatkan pertumbuhan padakadar 4.7% (Rujuk Rajah 1).
Rajah 1: Pertumbuhan Purata Produktiviti Keseluruhan, Malaysia, 1985-1992
Sumber • NPC, Malaysia.Kementerian Kewangan Malaysia, Laporan Ekonomi, beberapa tabun (Data KDNK, 1985-1988;Data GunaTenaga, 1985-1992)Bank Negara Malaysia. Laporan Tuhunan 1992 (Data KDNK, 1989-1992)
Sumber Pertumbuhan Ekonomi dan Pertumbuhan Produktiviti
Secara umumnya, pertumbuhan ekonomi disumbangkan oleb pertambahan guna tenagadan pertumbuhan produktiviti. Sementara pertumbuhan produktiviti itu sendiri berkaitandengan pertumbuhan intensiti modal (iaitu modal barta setiap pekerja) dan FaktorKeseluruhan Produktiviti (TFP).
Analisis yang dijalankan menunjukkan babawa semenjak tabun 1980pertumbuhanekonomi Malaysia dari masa ke semasa semakin bergantung kepada pertumbuhanproduktiviti (Rujuk Rajab 2).Rajah 2: Sumbangan Produktiviti Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi, Malaysia, 1980-
19921980-1985 1985-1990
PertumbuhanProduktiviti
PertumbuhanProduktiviti
tt"-
1985-1992
Pertumbuhan KesilapanProduktivili Anggaran
54%39%
199259%
Sumber : NPC, Malaysia.Kementerian Keu'angan Malaysia, Laporan Ekonomi. beberapa iahun (Data KDNK, 1980-1988;Data GunaTenaga, 1980-1992)Bank Negara Malaysia, Laporan Tuhunan 1992 (Data KDNK, 1989-1992)
18
Bagitempoh 1985-1992, 5-4% daripada pertumbuban ekonomiadalah disumbangkan olehpertumbuhanproduktiviti herbanding dengan hanya 43% bagi tempoh 1980-1985. Dalamtahun 1992, sumbanganpertumbuhanproduktiviti terhadappertumbuban ekonomi telabmeningkat lagi kepada .59%. Perkembangan ini adalah sangat bermakna lebib-lebih lagidi saat-saat Malaysia mengbadapi masalah pasaranpekerja yang sangat sukar semenjak2 tabun kebelakangan ini. Di samping dapat membantu meringankan kesan-kesankekurangan tenagapekerja mahiryang semakin meruncing dewasa ini, adalahperlu bagiindustri Malaysia mempertingkatkan lagi pertumbuhan produktiviti ini bagi mencapaipertumbuban ekonomi yang lebih cemerlang pada masa-masa yang akan datang.
Rajah 3 menunjukkan bahawapada awal tahun 1980an, pertumbuban produktivitisangat bergantung kepada pertumbuhan TFP, iaitu darisegi keberkesanan dan kecekapanpekerja dan modal dipergunakan. Walau bagaimanapun, arah aliran yang sebaliknyaberlakupadapenghujung tahun 1980an di mana intensiti modal menjadi penyumbangyang semakin bermakna terhadap pertumbuhan produktiviti. Fenomena ini terutamanyaadalah disebabkan oleh peningkatan yang sangat besar dalam pelaburan harta modal olehsektorswasta.Rajah 3: Sumbangan TFP dan Intensiti Modal (CI) Terhadap Produktiviti Keseluruhan,
Malaysia, 1981-1992100
Sumbangan
oleh TFP % oleh CI
CO
82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 9OTahun
Sumber : NPC, Malaysia.Kementerian Kewangan Malaysia, Laporan Ekonomi, beberupa tahun (Data KDNK, !981-19^N;Data GunaTenaga, 1981-1992)Bank Negara Malaysia, Laporan Tahunan 1992 (Data KDNK, 1989-1992)
Walau bagaimanapun, dengan pertumbuhan yang semakin menurun dalam pelaburanharta modal oleb pihak industri sejak akbir-akhir ini, pibak industri perlulahmempertingkatkan lagi pertumbuban TFPyakni dari segi kecekapan dan keberkesanandalam menguruskan sumber input, dan perlulah melabur dalam harta modal yang lebihproduktif demi mengekalkan dan mempertingkatkan pertumbuban produktiviti yangtelab dicapai sebelum ini.
Sumbangan Sektor-Sektor Ekonomi Terhadap Produktiviti Keseluruhannya
Jadual 1 menunjukkan peratus sumbangan (diberi wajaran oleh guna tenaga) sektor-sektor ekonomi terbadap produktiviti keseluruhan Malaysia. la menunjukkan bahawasementara sumbangan sektor pembuatan terhadap produktiviti telab mencatatkanpeningkatanyangamatmemberangsangkan iaitu dari 20.18% dalam tahun 1980 kepada28.32% dalam tahun 1992, sumbangan sektorpertanianpula telah merosot dari 23-52%dalam tahun 1980 kepada hanya 16.03% dalam tahun 1992. Sementara itu sumbangansektor perkhidmatan agregat tidak menunjukkan peruhahan yang ketara dan cumaberlegar di antara 26.18% dan 29.18% sahaja.
19
Jadual 1: Sumbangan (Diberi Wajaran oleh Guna Tenaga) *Sektor-Sektor Terhadap Produktiviti Keseluruban, Malaysia,Tahun-Tahun Terpilih 1980-1992
1980 1990
Produktiviti Keseluruhan (RM) (RM) (RM) (RM)
(iaitu KDNK Setlap Pekerja) 9,206 10,151 11,997 13,196
SEKTOR
1. Pertanian
2. Perlombongan/Kuari
3. Pembuatan
4. Utiliti
5. Pembinaan
6. Perdagangan
7. Pengangkulan
6. Kewangan
PerkhldmatanAgregat"
9. PerkhidmatanKerajaan
10. PerkhidmatanPerkhidmatan Lain
Jumtah
MSICKOD
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
06 + 07 + 08
09
10
1980
23.52
10.36
20.18
1.48
4.77
12.43
5.87
8.51
26.81
10.53
2.36
100.00
1985
2O.91
10.56
19.87
1.67
4.83
12.19
6.40
8.99
27.58
12.27
2.30
10O.OO
1990
18.39
9.61
26.49
1.89
3.52
1O.96
6.80
9.62
27.37
10.65
2.O7
100.OO
1992
16.03
8.46
28.32.
2.03
3.91
11.87
6.99
10.31
29.18
10.00
2.08
100.00
Nota:-Peratus sumbangan (diberi wajaran menun.it guna tenaga) olehsektor terbadapproduktivili keseluruhan adalah bersamaanclengan seperti yang ditunjukkan di bawab:
Produktiinti Seklor i = KDNK Sektor iTenaga Sektor i
Produktiviti Berwajctran Sektor iKDNKSektoriGuna Tenaga Sektor i
KDNK,
Wajarari bagi Sektor i
Wajaran Bagi Sektor i,Ciiina Tenaga Sektor i
Jumlab Guna Tenaga Keseluruban Sektor •E.L,
% Sumbangan bagi sekior i terbadappruditktiviti keseluruban(berasaskan wajaran)
/ KDNK _ L,\- \ L, "£Z/!''
KDNK;
'*100%
** Perkbidmatan agregat meliputi kewangan, insurans,pengangkutan, penyimpanan, komunikasi, perdagangan borongdan runcit, restoran. bartanab danperkbidmatanperniagaan.Oleh yang demlkian, sektorperkbidmatan merujuk kepadaperkhidmatan agregat kecualijika. dinyatakan sebaliknya.
dumber : NI'C, Malaysia.Kemcnterian Kewangan Malaysia. Laporai/ Rkouomi, belwapa tabun (Data KDNK, 1980-1988; DataGuna Tenaga, 1980-1992)Bank Negara Malaysia, Lapomn Tabiuuini992 (Data KDNK, 1989-1992)
20
Dalam tabun 1992, sektor pembuatan, pertanian dan perkhidmatan agrc'gat telahmenyumbangkan lebib daripada 70% kepada produktiviti keseluntban negara (Rujukjadual 2).Jadual 2: Tiga Sektor Ekonomi yang Menyumbangkan (Diberi Wajaran Oleh Guna
Tenaga) * Lebih Daripada 70% Terhadap Produkliviti Keseluruhan, Malaysia,1990 & 1992
Sektor 199O 1992
Pembuatan
Pertanian
PerkhidmatanAgregat** 27.37%
72.25%
28.32%
16.O3%
29.18%
73.53%
Nota " Rujuk Nota bagi Jadual 1** Rujuk Nota bagi Jadual 1
Sumber . NPC, Malaysia,Kementerian Kewangan Malaysia. LaporanEkonomi, 1992/93 (Data Guna Teuaga, 1990 & 1992)Bank Negara Malaysia, Laporan Tahunan 1992 (Data KDNK, 1990-1992)
Produktiviti Mendorong Perlumbuhan Sektor Pembuatan
Dalam tempoh 1985-1992, pertumbuhan sektor pembuatan adalab didorong terutamanyaolehpertumbuhan guna tenaga (65%) (RujukJadual 3)- Akan tetapi dalam tahun 1991dan 1992, pertumbuban sektor pembuatan adalab lebib didorong oleh pcningkatanproduktiviti iaitu 50% dan 46% tiap-tiap satu berbanding dengan banya 35% bagikeseluruban tempoh 1985-1992.
Jadual 3-' Sumber Pertumbuhan Dalam Sektor Pembuatan., Malaysia, 1985 -1992
Tempoh Dorongan DoronganProduktiviti* Guna Tenaga'
KesilapanAnggaran (%)
1985-92 35% 65% 0%
1990 32% 65% 3%
1991 50% 47% 3%
1992 46% 51% 3%
Sumbangan dari produktiviti dan guna tenaga mungkin tidak berjumlan 100%kerana perbezaan dari segi statistik, terutamanya bagi perangkaantahunan seperti yang ditunjukkan oleh "kesilapan anggaran"
Sumber : NPC, Malaysia.Kementerian Kewangan Malaysia, LaporanEkonomi, beberapa tabnx (Data KDNK. 1985-1988: Data GnnuTenaga, 1985-1992)Bank Negara Malaysia, Laporan Tabnnan 1992 (Data KDNK. 1989-1992)
21
Pencapaian Produktiviti Sektor Pembuatan
Secaraumumnya,pencaljaiansektorpembuatanadalahmembanggakandenganmencatatpenumbuhan produktivitiyang tinggi terutamanya bagi tempoh 1985-1990, seperti yangditunjukkan oleh kebanyakan angkatunjitk-angkatunjukproduktiviti iaitu Daya SainganKos Pekerja (yang merangkumi Nilai Ditambah setiap Kos Pekerja, Kos Pekerja SetiapPekerja dan Unit Kos Pekerja), Nilai Ditambah setiap Pekerja dan Produktiviti Modal(Rujuk Rajah 4.1-4.3 dan Rajah 5.1-5-2).
Rajah 4.1: Nilai Ditambah Setiap Kos Pekerja, Sektor Pembuatan, SemenanjungMalaysia, 1985-1990
Nombor A»ll
1985 1986 19B7 1988 1989 1990
Tahun
Sumber : NPC, Malaysia.Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia, Penyiasatan-Penyiasatan Perindustrian, beberapa tahun (Data OutputDan Kos Pekeiya, 1985-1990)
Rajah 4.2: Unit Kos Pekerja, Sektor Pembuatan, Semenanjung Malaysia, 1985-1990
Nombor Asll
0.12 „...„.„,
Sumber : NPC, MalaysiaJabatan Pcrangkaan Malaysia, Penyiasatan-Penyiasatan Perinduslrian, bebempa tabun (Data Output DaiKos Pekerja, 1985-199Q)
22
Rajah 4.3: Kos Pekerja Setiap Pekerja, Sektor Pembuatan, Semenanjung Malaysia, 1985-1990
(RM'OOO)
1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990Tahun
Sumber .- NPC, Malaysia.Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia, Penyiasatan-Penyiasatan Perindustrlan, beberapa tahun (Data Kos PekerjaDan Gtina Tenaga, 3985-1990)
Rajah 5.1: Nilai Ditambah Setiap Pekerja, Sektor Pembuatan, Semenanjung Malaysia,1985-1990
{RM'OOO)
1985 1966 1987 1988 1989 199O
Sumber .- NPC, Malaysia.Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia, Penyiasatan-Penyiasatan Perindustrian, beberapa tahun (Data Output DanC.una Tenaga, 1985-1990)
Rajah 5.2: Produktiviti Modal (Nilai Ditambah Setiap Harta Tetap), Sektor Pembuatan,Semenanjung Malaysia, 1985-1990
Nombor As II
08
0.6
O.4
0.2
1987 1B88 1989 199O
Tahun
Sumber : NPC, Malaysia.Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia, Penyiasatan-Penyiasatan Perindustrian, beberapa tahun (Data OutputDan Harta Tetap, 1985-1990)
23
Pencapaian pet-tumbuhan produktivtii yang menggalakkan ini adalab kerana sektorpembuatan dapat niengitrangkau kesan-kesanakibalpvrtumbitban ekonomiyang lembabyang berlaku dalam feinpob I'9<S'5-19881Ritjuk Jadual 4 dan Jadual 5). Nilai Ditambabsetiap Kos Pekerja telah meniugkatdari 1.99dalam tahun 1985kepada 2.49 dalam tahun1989, sehelum iauya mcrosot kepada 2.36 dalam tabun 1990. Nilai Ditambab SetiapPekerja pitla berkemhang pada kadar 4.96% setabun bagi tempoh 1985-1990. Sektorpembuatan juga mencatatkan pertumbithan yang positif dalam Produktiviti Modal iaitumeningkatpada kadar 5.52% setabun dari 0.97'dalam tabun 1985 kepada 1.15dalamtahun 1990.Jadual 4: Tabap Nilai bagi Angkatunjnk-Angkatunjuk Produktivitiyang Utama, Sektor
Pembuatan, Semenanjung Malaysia, 1985-1990
Angkatunjuk- Tahun
Angkatunjuk 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990
Nilai Ditambah Setiap 1.99 2.03 2.11 2.32 2.49 2.36Kos Pekerja
Unit Kos Pekerja 0.0988 0.1050 0.0933 0.0822 0.0803 0.0853
Kos Pekerja SetiapPekerja (RM) 9,310 9,290 9,204 8,972 9,289 9,672
Nilai Ditambah SetiapPekerja (RM) 18,499 18,874 19,438 20,846 23,148 22,841
ProduktivitiModal 0.97 0.96 1.02 1.17 1.30 1.15
Jadual 5: Kadar Pertumbuhan Bagi Angkatunjuk-Angkatunjuk Produktiviti yangUtama, Sektor Pembttalan Semenanjung Malaysia, 1985-1990
Angkatunjuk-Angkatunjuk
Nilai Ditambah SetiapKos Pekerja
Unit Kos Pekerja
Kadar Pertumbuhan (%)1985-1990
4.48
-4.75
Kos Pekerja SetiapPekerja 0.47
Nilai Ditambah SetiapPekerja
Produktiviti Modal
4.96
5.52
24
Walau bagaimanapun, sektor pembuatan tidak dapat mempertabankan momentumpertumhitbantersebntdiatasselepastahun 1989.Kebcinyakeinangkatiinjuk-angk(rtunjnkproduktiviti yang berkaitan dengan kos pekerja mencatatkan pertumbiihan yang lembcibdan tabap nilaiyang rendah dalam tabun 1990. Pencapaian yang tidak menggalakkanini adalab tenttamanya disebabkan oleb pasaran pekerja yang semakin kctat selepastabun 1989, di samping peningkatan dalam kos pekerja. l;aklor-J'aklor ini telahmengakibatkan pengurangan secara keselurubannya dalam Daya Saing Kos Pekerja disektor pembuatan. Satn lagi senario penting ialab setengab-setengab industri dalam sektorpembuatan mencatatkan pelabumn modal rendah. Di antara industri-industri yangmencatatkan kadar pertumbuhan yang negatif dalam pelaburan modal bagi tempob1985-1990 ialab Alat-Alat Pengangkutan (11.39%), Kulit dan Kehtaran-Keluaran Kulit(7.52%), Kasut (5.90%) dan Best dan Keluli (3.22%).
Oleb yang demikian untnk mempertabankan dan mempertingkatkan lagi produktiviti,sektor pembuatan mestilab mempergiatkan aktiviti-aktiviti pengeluaran yang bolebmenghasitkan nilai ditambab yang lebih tinggi. Perkara ini boleb dicapai melalui kaedahkerjayang bertambah baik,polisiganjaranyang lebih menarikserta melaluipenyelidikandan pembangunan. Memandangkan terdapatnya persaingan yang knat dalam pasarandunia daripada negam-tiegara ASEAN seperti Thailand,Indonesia dan Filipina (yangdeivasa ini mempunyai tenaga pekerja yang ramai dan murab), sektor pembuatan diMalaysia mestilab mempertingkatkan pelaburan dalam barta tetap/teknologi supayadapat bersaing secant lebib cekap cfan berkesan.
Industri Produktifdan Pendapatan Purata
Melalui penelitian pada rajab selerakan industri produktif dengan pendapatan purata(Rujuk Rajah 6), adalab didapati babawa industri-inditstriyang sangatproduk.tif adalabindusiri-industri yang mem bayarpekerja mereka dengan gajiyang lebib baik, sementaraindustri yang kurang produktif pula adalah sebaliknya. Oleh yang demikian boleblabdibuat kesimpulan babawa peningkatan dalam produktiviti boleb membehkan faedahkepada para pekerja dari segi keupayaan industri-industri membayar gaji dan upahyanglebib baik.Rajah 6: Produktiviti vs Pendapatan Purata, Sektor Pembuatan, Semenanjung
Malaysia, 1990
Produktiviti (RM'QOO)120
Pendapatan Purata (RM'OOO)Snmbfr : NPC. Malaysia.
Jabatan Pvrangkaan Malaysia, Penyiasatan-Penyiasatan Peri/idnstrian, beberapa tabun (Data Output,Kos Peherja dan Guna Tenaga, 1990)
25
Perbandingan Antarabangsa
Untuk tujuan perhandingan produktiviti pada penngkat antarabangsa, nilai ditambahpadahargatetapsetiappekerjadigunakan.Perbandinganyangdilakukanpadaperingkat,iaitu diperingkat ekonomi negara, diperingkat sektor dan diperingkat industri terpilihdalam sektor pembualan, adalab untuk mendapat gambaran yang lebib jelas tentangprestasi Malaysia berbanding dengan negara-negara lain.
Peratus sumbangan produktiviti terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi di Malaysia (bagitempob 1985-1990) adalab sangat rendah berbanding dengan Negara-Negara PerindustrianBam tetapi adalab lebih tinggi berbanding dengan Amerika Syarikat (Rujuk Rajah 7).Kadar pertumbuban produktiviti keseluruhan di Malaysia yang mencatatkan 3-6%setabun bagitempob 1985-1990juga adalab lebib rendah berbanding dengan pencapaianNegara-Negara Perindustrian Baru, dalam pertumbuhan produktiviti masing-masing(Rujuk Jadual 6). Dari segi pencapaian tahap nilai produktiviti, Malaysia mendudukitempat kelima selepasNegara-Negara Perindustrian Baru Asia dan mengatasipencapaiannegara Indonesia dan Thailand (Rujuk Rajah 8.1, 8.2).
Rajah 7: Sumbangan Produktiviti Pertumbuban Ekonomi Keseluruhan, Negara-Negara Terpilih 1981-1992
1OO
25
Produktiviti Guna Tenaga
Nota: Data bagi AS metiputi tempoh 1981-198$Sumber : NPC, Malaysia.
APO, 'Comparative Information on Productivity Levels in APOMember Countries'. 1992NPB (Singapura), "Annual Bulletin of Productivity Statistics', 1989 (Data bagi AS)Kementerian Keuwngan Malaysia, Laporan Ekonomi, bcberapa tahun
26
Jadual 6: Kadar Pertumbuhan Produkttviti, Ekonomi Keseluruhan, Negara-NegaraTerpilih, 1981-1990
Negara-Negara
Malaysia
Indonesia
-jepun
Korea
linqapura
2
1 1981 '
2.3
1.8
3.3
6.5
4.5
Kadar F'erfumbuhan
1990 1985-1990
3.6
2.2
3.5
5.9
5.2
1987-1990
4.9
3.2
3.8
4.9
5.6 —
Taiwan 5.6 6.3
Sumber -. NPC. Malaysia.APO, 'Comparative Information on Productivity Levels in APO Member Countries'. APO. 1992Kementerian Kewangan Malaysia, Laporan Ekonomi, heberapa tahun
Rajah 8.1: PrestasiProduktivitiAntarabangsa(TahapRelatif), Ekonomi Keseluruhan,Negara-Negara Terpilih, 1981-1992)
800Indeks, Malaysia 1981 =100
600
Jepun
Singapura400
200
1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992
TAHUN
Sumber : NPC, Malaysia.APO, 'Comparative Information on Productivity Levels in APO Member Countries', 1992Kementerian Kewangan Malaysia, Laporan Ekonomi, beberapa tabun
27
Rajah 8.2: Arab Aliran Produktiviti bagi Malaysia, Indonesia dan Thailand (TahapRelatif), Ekonomi Keseluruhan 1981-1992 (diperbesarkan dart Rajah 9.1)
160Indeks, Malaysia 1981 =100
140
120
100
Malaysia
80
60
40
Thailand
AX
Indonesia
20
1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1938 1989 1990 1991 1992
TAHUN
Kedudukan sektor pembuatan di Malaysia berbanding dengan negara-negara lainadalah mengikut arab aliran yang sanui dengan pencapaian ekonomi rwgara (RujukRajah 9 dan Jadual 7). Walaupitnpeucapciidnpreslasisektorpembuatan Malaysia agakmemuaskan, pfrtumhubannya masib lagi di belakang kebanyakan negara-negara Asiakecuali Indonesia.
Rajah 9: Prestasi Produktiviti Antarabangsa (Tahap Relatif), Sektor Pembuatan, 1981-1992
800Indeks, Malaysia 1981 - 100
600
400
Jepun
Singapura
200
Taiwan
Korea
Malaysia
Indonesia
1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992
TAHUNSumber : NPC, Malaysia,
APO, 'Comparathv Jiiformation on Productivity Lei-els in AI'O Member Countries', 1992Kenwnterian Kctrangan Malaysia. Laporan Ekonomi. /K'bo'apei labttn
28
Jadual 7: Kadar Pertumbuhan Produktiviti, Sektor Pembuatan, Negara-NegaraTerpiHh, 1981-1990
Monara. Kadar Pertumbuhan (%)Negara- * ' 1qRy iqqf)Negara 1981 -1990 1985-1990 ° *u
Malaysia 4.0 4.7 3.5
Singapura 5.2 6.7 5.7
Taiwan 4.9 5.7 4.5
Jepun 5.0 5.0 6.2
Korea 5.6 5.3 5.1
Indonesia 7.5 4.6 1.3
Sumber : NPC. Malaysia.APO. 'Comparative Information on Productivity levels in APO Member Countries'. 1992Kementerian Keimngan Malaysia, Laporan Ehonomi, beberapa tabtitt
Analisis produktiviti yang diukur melalui nilai ditambah (pada harga semasa) setiappekerja untuk industri-industri terpilib menunjukkan hahawa secara keseluruhannyaindustrijepun mencatatkan tabap nilai produktiviti yang paling tinggi berbanding dengannegara-negara lain (Rujuk Jadual 8).
Jadual 8: Nilai Ditambah Setiap Pekerja bagi Industri-industri Terpilib, SektorPembuatan, Negara-Negara Terpilih, 1987 (Tabap Nilai Relatifdalam hargatetap USS)
Industri Malaysia Singapura Hong Kong Korea A.S. Jepun*
9,069 26,971 13,344 26,398 52,507
4,420 8,722 7;486
4.711 9,706 6,306
7,143 24,040 9,762 19,048 42,876 Tiada
14,532 17,960 45,453 Tiada
41,472 12,491 32,615 49,973
Jentera&kejuruteraari 6,792 24,437 8,742 16,518 43,618
Nota * Data bagi Jepun adalah untuk tahun 1988.'* Tidak termasuk petroleum,
Sumber .- NPC, Malaysia.XRPfSitigafwra), 'Annual Bulletin of Productivity Statistics', 1992I. 'A, 'Industrial Statistics Yearbook', Pelbagai Keluaran
Jahatan Perangkaan Malaysia, Penyiasatan-Penyiasatan Perindusfrian, 1987
29
PROGRAM SOKONGAN PENINGKATANPRODUKTIVITI DAN KUALITIDa lam us ah a memastikan program-program berjalan dengan berkesan, NPCjuga telah mengemaskinikan programsokongan peningkatan Produktiviti danKualiti yang terdiri daripada PusatMaklumat dan Sumber Rujukan,Pembangunan Organisasi, PembangunanSumber Manusia, Hotel NPC dan GerakanBudaya Cemerlang.
Sebagai Instilusi Produktiviti dan Kualitiyang bertanggungjawab ke ataspenyelarasan danpengbebahan maklumatberkenaan dengan Produktiviti dan Kualiti,NPC telah menububkan sebuab PusatMaklumat untuk pengelolaan semuamaklumat berkaitan dengan Produktivitidan Kualiti.
i) Pusat Maklumat dan SumberRujukan
Pusat ini bertanggungjawab bagimengumpul, memproses danmenyimpan serta menghebahkan danmenyalur maklumat Produktiviti danKualiti melalui mekanisme pengkalandata, perpustakaan dan perbubungankorporat. Maklumat-maklumat yangdiuruskan boleh dikelasifikasikansepertiberikut: -
Maklumat StatikMaklumat Dinamik
Maklumat Statik merujuk kepadadefinisi, input-input Produktiviti danKualiti serta prestasi latihan,perundingan dan penyelidikan NPCyang lepas.
Maklumat Dinamik pula termasuklahmaklumat terkini berkenaanangkatunjuk produktiviti mengikutsektor, sub-sektor dan ekonomi danpenemuan-penemuan baru berbubungdengan produktiviti, kualiti danpengurusan.
Maklumat yang ada disimpan dalampelbagai bentuk dan disebarkan melaluisaluran perpustakaan dan perbubunganawam.
Sepanjang 1992 pusat ini telah berjayamengumpulkan data industripelanggandan bakal pelanggan NPC berjumlah
42,000. Senarai meliputi semua sektorindustri, 24,552 naskah buku, 1225naskah jurnal, 385 naskah laporantabunan, 65 naskah panduan latihan,267 naskah kalendar latihan dan 340naskah kertasprojek latihan NPC. Selaindaripada itu pusat ini juga telahmengumpulkan sebanyak 333 koleksihahan-bahan penerbitan dari AsianProductivity Organization. Dari segibaban audio pula pusat ini telabmengumpulkan sebanyak 328 tajukfilemdan video berkenaan produktiviti, kualiti,pengurusan dan keusahawanan.
ii) Pembangunan Organisasi
Falsa/ah NPC adalah bahawa tenagakerja merupakan kunci utama yangmenentukan kejayaan sesebuahorganisasi dalam mempertingkatkanproduktiviti. Selaras dengan kepercayaanini, NPC berusaha untuk memastikankebajikan kakitangan diberi perhatiansewajarnya melalui beberapapersatuanseperti:
Q PKPDPN (Persatuan KakitanganNPC)
Q Kelab Dayanita
G BKKI(Badan Kebajikan KakitanganIslam)
Persatuan Kakitangan NPC(PKPDPN)
Persatuan ini dituhubkan untukmenyediakan satu persekitaran untukaktiviti sosial, sukan dan kebajikan yangdap at memupuk kemesraan danpersefahaman yang lebih erat dikalangansemua anggota NPC. Menerusi aktivitiPersatuan'juga ia dapat memberi peluanguntuk mengeratkan silaturahim antaraanggota NPC.
Kelab Dayanita
Ditubuhkan pada tahun 1981, KelabDayanita pula ditujukan khas untuk kaumwanita di NPC dan juga abli-ahli kebormatyang terdiri daripada isteri-isteri anggotaNPC. Aktiviti Dayanita ialah meliputi aktivitikebajikan, sosial dan kebudayaan khasuntuk anggota wanita. Walaubagaimanapun, Kelab ini juga sentiasabekerjasama dengan Persatuan dan Badanlain di NPC.
30
Batlan Kebajikan Kakitangan Islam iii)GERAKAN BUDAYA CEMERLANG(BKKI) (GBC)
Badan Kebajikan Kakitangan Islam NPCmemainkan peranan mewujudkanprogram-program berbentuk syaraban-syarahan agama, kelas-kelas tajwid, Kelasfardbu 'ain dan lain-lain lagi.
Dalam tahun 1992 NPC memantapkanlagi program Gerakan BudayaCemerlang. Tujuan Program iniadalahuntuk mewujudkan iklim organisasiyang baik ke arab pencapaianperkbidmatan yang profesional dancemerlang.
Bagi tabun 1992, Gerakan ini dilaksanakan melalui aktiviti-aktiviti seperti berikut:-
Tarikb Jenis Aktiviti Kumpulan Sasaran
25.1.92
31.1.92
28.3-92
25.6.92
10.7-12.7.92
26.7.92
6.9.92
18.9-20.9.92
31.10,92
Ceramab GBC"Budaya Korporat"
Amanat Ketua Pengarab
Ceramab GBC"Budaya Kerja Berancang"
Laporan Aktiviti Jawatankuasa PemanduPengurusan dan Peningkatan KualitiNPC (Jan- Jun 1992)
Bina Insan - Golden Resort, Port Dickson(Kumpulan 1)
Senamrobik - Padang Merdeka"Rancangan Selamat Pagi Malaysia"
Hart Keluarga - Bukit Cahaya Sri Alam
Bina Insan - Golden Resort, Port Dickson(Kumpulan 2)
BULANQ
Program Perhimpunan dan PelancaranBulan QTema "KUALITI ASAS KECEMERLANGAN"
- Ucapan Aluan OlehPengerusi Jawatankuasa SambutanBulan Q
- Ucapan Perasmian OlehKetua Pengarab NPC
- Memperkenalkan Timbalan KetuaPengarab
- Pelancaran Bendera Baru NPC
- Bacaan Ikrar
Warga NPC
Warga NPC
Warga NPC
Warga NPC
Warga NPC
Warga NPC,Keluarga DanUmum
Warga NPC DanKeluarga
Warga NPC
Warga NPC
Warga NPC
Warga NPC
Warga NPC
Warga NPC
31
Tarikh Jenis Aktiviti Kumpulan Sasaran
7.11.92
8J1.92
11.11-13.11.92
13-11.92
14.11.92
15.11.92
23.11.92
Penyampaian Anugerah-Peti Cadangan Q-Anak-Anak Warga NPC Yang CemerlangDalam Pelajaran
-Pelancaran/Perasmian Surau Bant NPC
- Kuiz Q
Gotong-royong- Membersih Kawasan Persekitaran NPC- Penghijauan Kawasan Persekitaran
"Tema : Hijau Dan Bersih"
Q Re maj a- Syarahan
Kepentingan Kualiti dan ProduktivitiPengenalan Beberapa KaedahPembelajaran yang Berkualiti
- Pertandingan Melukis (3 Kategori)
Sukan NPC/NPB
Workshop on Strategic Planning in the1990's- Bengkel
Kem Q Dengan Kerjasama Proton- Ucapan Aluan Oleh Ketua Pengarah NPC
- Perasmian Oleh Timbalan PengarahUrusan Proton
- Kertas Kerja IKualiti dan ISO 9000
- Kertas Kerja IIAnugerah Sebagai PengukuranKecemerlangan
- Kuiz Kualiti, Video Dan PameranBuku Kualiti
Senamrobik Di Dataran Semarak, RTMAngkasapuri.Tema " Kaitan Kualiti Dan Kecergasan"
Luncheon Talk"Quality Enhancement Through ManagingChange" Oleh Tan Sri Dato'Seri Eric ChiaEng Hock(Pengarah Urusan Perwaja Steel Sdn Bhd)
Warga NPC
Anak Warga NPC
Warga NPC
Warga NPC
Warga NPC
Pelajar-pelajar SekolahMenengah
Pelajar-Pelajar (7 - 15tahun)
Warga NPC danKakitangan NPBSingapura
Umum
Kakitangan Proton
Warga NPC, KeluargaDan Umum
Warga NPC,Pengurusan AtasanSwasta Dan Kerajaan
32
Tarikh Jenis Aktiviti Kumpulan Sasaran
29.11.92 Quaiititbon NPC
Joban
N/Johan
PELANGGANNPC-UnipboneUsabasamaSdn Bhd
NPC
- White Lion
Warga NPC DanPelanggan
-Utusan Printcorp -Terminator 2(Q- UPSB)
13-10-
28.11.92
Program Bulan Q di organisasi- organisasi lain
- Sempena Sambutan Bulan Q, NPCtelab dapat menganjurkan sebanyak 24 buahCERAMAH KUALITI di pelbagai agensiKerajaan dan juga Swasta di seluruh negara.
Jabatan Kerajaan DanSwasta
iv)HotelNPC
Hotel NPCsebagai sebahagian daripadaInstitut Pengurusan Perhotelan telabmenunjukkan perkembangan yangmenggalakkan.
Prestasi kewangannya sebagai entitikomersial mencatatkan satupeningkatanyang baik daripada RM4.6juta dalam tabun 1991 kepada Rm 5.4juta dalam tabun 1992.
Sebagai hotel komersial berbintangtiga, Hotel NPC membekal semuaperkhidmatan seperti hotel-hotel lainmeliputi penginapan, sajian sertamembekalkan fasiliti-fasiliti yangberkaitan.
Sebagai laboratori amali Hotel NPC telahberjaya menyokong dan memantapkanlagi program Institut PengurusanPerbotelan dengan penambahanpeluang penempatan bilangan pelatihdi dalam bahagian-bahagianberkaitan.
33
v) Pengurusan Tenaga Manusia
Bahagian ini melaksanakan fungsinyamelalui 3 unit utama-Perancang TenagaKerja, Latihan dan Pembangunan danPengurusan Perjawatan.
Dalam tahun 1992, tumpuan utamabahagian ini diberi kepada aktivitiLatihan Pembangunan Tenaga KerjaNPC. Tahun 1992 juga adalah tahunyang bersejarah bagiNPCdalam konteksLatihan dan Pembangunan TenagaKerja. Ini adalah kerana dalam tahun1992 NPC buat pertama kalinyamenggubal dan mewujudkan DASARLATIHAN DAN PEMBANGUNANuntuk tenaga kerjanya. Denganwujudnya Dasar Latihan tersebut, NPCmula melaksanakan program latihandan pembangunan dengan lebihterancang dan teratur. Sepanjang tahun1992 keseluruhan warga NPC dariberbagai peringkat telah dilatib melaluiprogram-program seperti berikut:-
Program Keherapan Penyertaan
1. Program Induksi(untuk pegawai-pegawai baru)
50
2. Seminar dan Kursus Dalam Negara
3. Seminar dan Kursus Luar Negara
4. Program Dalaman NPC
5. Program Ijazah Lanjutan(MBA)
6. Program Ijazah(PHD)
Jumlah
48
31
14
-
-
94
295
43
234
9
1
632
Nota: Purata setiap warga NPC mengikuti program sekurang-kurangnya sebanyak duakali disepanjang tahun.
34
INSTITUT PENGURUSAN PERHOTELAN
Dalam tabun 1992, Institut PengurusanPerbotelan (IPP) telab berjayamengendalikan program latihan sepertiberikut:-
Diploma in Hotel Management
International Hotel-RestaurantSupervisory Certificate
Certificate in Front-Office Operations
Certificate in Restaurant Skills
Certificate in Basic Cooking
Certificate in Hotel Operations
Kursus-kursus Jangkapendek DalamIndustri Perhotelan
Kursus-kursus Permintaan/LatihanDalaman
Program Pembangunan Eksekutif
Program Pembangunan UsabawanBumiputra
Program Penyajian Makanan UntukSekolah-sekolab Vokasional
35
JALINAN KERJASAMA ANTARABANGSA
Bagi mengukuhkan keupayaan teknikaldan prestasinyasebagailnstitusi ProduktivitiNegara, NPC sentiasa mendapatkankhidmat kepakaran a sing melaluirangkaian perhubungan yang rapatkbususnya dengan Pertubuhan ProduktivitiAsia (APO), Gabungan Sains ProduktivitiSedunia(WCPS), Agensi KerjasamaAntarabangsa Jepun(JICA), PertubuhanBuruh Antarabangsa (ILO) serta semuaorganisasi produktiviti temp at an danantarabangsa secara amnya.
Sepanjang tahun 1992, Malaysia telahmelaksanakan 3 program latihan APOuntuk penyertaan Negara Ahli. Programyang dilaksanakan adalab seperti berikut:-
1. Symposium on ProductivityImprovement in Civil Services (22-26Jun, 1992)
2. Training Course on AgriculturalDevelopment Planning (6-18 Julai,1992)
3. Seminar On Agricultural ProductivityMeasurement and Analysis(2 7 Okt-6Nov1992)
Di bawah program kerjasama dua balaantara Negara Ahli, NPC telah menerima 6peserta iaitu dua dari tiap-tiap Negara- Fiji,Filipina danjepun.
Dalam tahun 1992, NPC menjadi tuanrumah kepada Program PeningkatanProduktiviti kali ke 12 yang disertai oleh 10peserta iaitu dari Pakistan, Turki, Sri Lanka,Zambia, Nigeria, Filipina dan Malaysia dibawah program Kerjasama TeknikalMalaysia.
36
CHAIRMAN'S MESSAGE
As a Human Resources Development Institution inProductivity Improvement Management,National Productivity Corporation's focus and activities are directed towards the growthof the national economy.
In 1992 the manufacturing and services sectors are among the strongest growth sectors ofthe economy. To sustain this growth, these sectors not only require abundant manpowerbut also one that is trained, productive and quality conscious. This need poses achallenge to NPC especially in the task of identifying the productivity levels of thedifferent sector and sub-sectors of the economy as well as raising labour productivity.
To realise this objective, NPC has identified the economic sectors and undertaken themeasurement and analyses of the national productivity growth.
Between 1981 and 1992 productivity growth reached 2.8% p.a., 3-6% for 1986-1990and 4. 7% for 1991-1992. The sector that contributed most to productivity improvementwas manufacturing which registered 19. 7% in 1981 and increased to 28.3% in 1992. Itwas followed by Agriculture (16.0%), Trade (11.9%) and Finance(10.3%)- The averageproductivity growth of the Manufacturing sector was 4.1% p.a., while Agriculture was3.0% and Finance was 3-5%. In its efforts to raise labour productivity, NPC continues toconduct training programmes especially those that are central to productivity improvement.In 1992, NPC conducted 317 courses involving 6837participants.
To ensure programme effectiveness, NPC sources the latest information relating toproductivity and quality issues, and works closely with Asian and World ProductivityImprovement organisations through exchange of information and joint programmes.
The management of Hotel NPC as a Commercial entity has achieved encouraging resultsand the smooth running of the Hotel has in large measure contributed to the success ofNPC's Hotel Management Training Programme.
On the whole NPC's performance for the year 1992 has greatly contributed to enhancingits efforts in raising the productivity level of the nation.
NPC is indeed proud of the contributions from various industries, organisations andindividuals who have used our services. My very special thanks to the Ministry ofInternational Trade and Industry and also all the members of the Board for their adviceand guidance.
I congratulate all NPC citizens who have rendered service excellence in carrying outtheir duties.
Tan Sri Dato'Azman Hashim
38
VISION, MISSION, OBJECTIVESAND STRATEGIESVISION
Q To be the Productivity and Qualityinstitution in the country
MISSION
Q To help increase the Productivity andQuality of the nation
Establish a conducive workingenvironment to improve professionalismin services
To establish an up-to-date and well-equipped Productivity and Quality databank
OBJECTIVES
Q To develop human resources andenterprise towards excellence
Q To advise the government and privatesectors on Productivity and Qualityissues and development
Q To help create local experts and expertisein the area of Productivity and Quality,management, entrepreneurship andsupervision
STRATEGIES
Q Improve Productivity and Qualityresearch in major sectors of industry
Q Improvement of research, promotion,consultancy and training through thesupervision of experts and expertise inthe field of Productivity and Quality
Q To improve and disseminate the practiceand usage, as well as the processes andtechniques towards the enhancementof Productivity and Quality
Q Emphasise on training programmes thatare directly linked to the enhancementof Productivity and Quality
Q Upgrade the standard of Productivityand Quality, Management andEntrepreneurship training by extendingaccreditation to such trainingprogrammes conducted by privateinstitutions
Q Strengthen ties with internationalProductivity and Quality organisations
39
NATIONAL PRODUCTIVITY COUNCIL(INCORPORATION) ACT 1991The National Productivity Corporation(NPC), previously known as the NationalProductivity Centre, was established in 1962as a joint project between the United NationsSpecial Fund and the Federal Governmentof Malaysia, with the International LabourOrganisation acting as its executing agency.
In 1966, the National Productivity Council(Incorporation) Act No. 19 was passedmaking the Council an autonomous body.It was later amended to the NationalProductivity Council (Incorporation)(Amendment) Act A305 1975, to cater forthe expansion of the Centre. This Act wassubsequently re-amended as the NationalProductivity Council (Incorporation)(Amendment) Act A801 1991.
With theenforcementofthisActon December1, 1991, the National Productivity Councilbecame the National ProductivityCorporation (NPC). Among the tasks of theCorporation allocated under this Act are:
Q Spearhead the promotion • anddissemination of information andmatters pertaining to productivity
Q Establish an information and referencecentre for the nation's, productivityindexes, management systems and casestudies
Q Produce local experts and expertise inthe fields of productivity, quality,management and entrepreneurship
Q Improve human resource developmentat supervisory and management levels
Q Advise and coordinate the execution ofprogrammes and activities related toproductivity and quality
Q Evaluate and accreditate trainingin management and supervisory,entrepreneurship, productivity andquality management programmesconducted by the private sectors for thegeneral public
Q Conduct training and otherprogrammes related to productivity,quality, management andentrepreneurship
Carry-out consultancy services relatedto productivity, quality, managementand entrepreneurship
Collect, produce and publishinformation on productivity, quality,management, entrepreneurship andother related matters
40
NATIONAL PRODUCTIVITYCORPORATION BOARD MEMBERSTan Sri Dato' Azman HashimPSM, DPMS, JMN, KMNChairmanNational Productivity Corporation
Dr Abdullah TabirDeputy Secretary General (Industry)Ministry of International Trade andIndustryDeputy Chairman NPC
Alternate MemberHj Samsuddin Marsop
Jr Hj Arshad Hj MarsidiJSM, KMNDirector GeneralNational Productivity Corporation
Tan Sri Dato' Mohd Sheriff MohdKassimPSM, DSDK, JMN, KMNSecretary General TreasuryMinistry of Finance
Alternate MemberDr Mazlan Ahmad
Dato' Alt Abul Hassan SulaimanDSPN, JSM, DJN, AMNDirector GeneralEconomic Planning UnitPrime Minister's Department
Alternate MemberYM Raja Zaharaton Raja ZainalAbidin
Dato' Wan Jaafar AbdullahDSAP, KMN, JSM, PPTSecretary GeneralMinistry of Agriculture
Alternate MemberDato' Dr Abdul Kuddus Ahmad
Dato' Anthony Yeo Keat SeongDIMP, JSMSecretary GeneralMinistry of Human Resources
Alternate MemberLim Boh Ang
Tan Sri Dato' Dr Shamsudin Abdul KadirPSM, DPMJ, DPCM, JMNPrivate Sector
Tan Sri Kishu TJethanandPSMPrivate Sector
Tan Sri Dato' Seri Eric Chia Eng LockDato' Indera Alam Di RajaPSM, SSMT, SJMK, SPMT, DJMK, DIMPPrivate Sector
Tan Sri William ChengPSMPrivate Sector
Prof Madya Dr Abu Azam Mohd YassinDeputy Vice Chancellor (Academic)Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
Dr Mohd Noordin Mohd SopieePrivate Sector
Datuk Dr Kama! SalihDSPN, KMN, PKT, JMNPrivate Sector
Liew Shou KongMalaysian Employers Federation
Abdul Gaffoor IbrahimVice PresidentMalaysian Trade Union Congress
SecretaryHalimah AltAMN, KMNDirector of Corporate Affairs
41
ORGANISATION STRUCTURE
DIRECTORGENERAL
(IrHiArshadHjMarsidi)
DEPUTYDIRECTORGENERAL
(Ismaif Adam-Since 1st. November
1992}
Productivity &Quality Improvement
(Hj Mustapha Abd Kadir)
Training &Accreditation
(Hj fluslan KHatib-Unlil 15th. August
19921
Consultancy &Advisory Services(Mah Uk AbdLillah)
ProductivityMeasurement &
Research(Soo Cheong Fjtt)
INSTITUTE OFMOTEL MANAGEMENT
(Mohd NadzriMohd Jelas)
NPC HOTEL
SABAH REGION(Mohd Jasni Abd Aziz)
SARAWAK REGION(Goti Swee Seang)
I
NORTHERN REGION(Choong Loo Kong -
Until September, 1992)(Hj Abd Rahman Ibrahim -
Since OOober, 1992}
EAST COST REGION(Mustapa Suta'at)
SOUTHERN REGION(Hj Hassan Sulairnan)
42
NATIONALPRODUCTIVITY CORPORATIONBoard Of Management
DIRECTOR GENERAL DIRECTOR(Ir Hj Arshad Hj Marsidi) Northern Region
(Hj Abd Rahman Ibrabim - effectiveDEPUTY DIRECTOR GENERAL October 1992)(Ismail Adam - effective 1 November,1992)
Institute Of Hotel ManagementHEAD OF DIRECTORATEProductivity Measurement & Research HEAD(Soo Cheong Fun) (Mohd Nadzri Mobdjelas)
HEAD OF DIRECTORATEConsultancy & Advisory Services(Mah Lok Abdullah)
HEAD OF DIRECTORATETraining & Accreditation(Hj Ruslan Khatib ~ Until 1.5 September,1992)
HEAD OF DIRECTORATEProductivity & Quality Enhancement(Hj Mustapba Abd Kadir)
HEAD OF DIRECTORATECorporate Affairs(Halimah AH)
Head Of Regional Offices
DIRECTORSouthern Region(Hj Hassan Sulaiman)
DIRECTOREast Coast Region(Mustapba Sufa'at)
DIRECTORSabab Region(Mohd Jasni Abd Aziz)
DIRECTORSarawak Region(Gob Swee Seang)
HEADNorthern Region(Cboong Loo Kong ~ until September,1992)
43
DIRECTORATES
To enable NPC to fulfil its role effectively,the corporation is divided into fiveDirectorates.
Q Productivity Measurement andResearch Directorate
Q Productivity and Quality ImprovementDirectorate
Q Accreditation & Training DirectorateQ Consultancy and Advisory Services
DirectorateQ Corporate Affairs Directorate
Productivity Measurement andResearch Directorate
This Directorate is divided into twoDivisions: the Micro and MacroMeasurement Division and the ProductivityResearch Division. The main function ofthe Directorate is to carry out productivityresearch, productivity analysis as well asproduce productivity indices for the variouseconomic sectors of the country.
Productivity and Quality ImprovementDirectorate
This Directorate also operates through twoDivisions: the Promotion Division and theImplementation Division. The PromotionDivision concentrates on creating andincreasing productivity awareness whilethe Implementation Division deals withtechniques and approaches to ProductivityImprovement.
Accreditation and Training Directorate
This Directorate has four Divisions:Accreditation, Supervisory Training,Management Training, and Small andMedium Size Industry Training.
The Accreditation Division certifies andco-ordinates training programmesconducted by the private sector. The otherTraining Division are concerned withhuman resource development programmesin the area of Productivity and QualityManagement,
Consultancy And Advisory ServicesDirectorate
There are three Divisions in this Directorateand they are: Division For ConsultancyOn Policy, Industrial Consultancy Divisionand SMI Consultancy Division.
The main function of this Directorate is toprovide consultancy and advisory servicesrelating to Productivity and Qualityimprovement to the private sector.
Corporate Affairs Directorate
This Directorate operates through sevenDivisions, namely: Human ResourceManagement, Information Management,Technical Services, FinanceAdministration, Administration & Services,Corporate Secretariat and Management ofHotel NPC.
The Human Resource ManagementDivision is responsible for manpowerplanning and development and jobplacement.
The Information Management Divisioncollects, classifies, stores and disseminatescurrent information on the latest techniquesin productivity and quality management,productivity statistics, quality issues,management and entrepreneurship. Thedissemination of information is throughpublications, library service and ourcomputerised information system as wellas through the printed and electronicmedia. Public relations at both local andinternational levels is also the responsibilityof this Directorate.
The Technical Services Division isresponsible for the maintenance of allphysical facilities (fixed assets), equipmentand machinery. It is also responsible forthe upgrading of NPC facilities andtechnical services such as computersoftware, audio-visual aids and printingfacilities.
44
The Finance Management Division looksafter financial matters relating to operationsand development expenditure, as well asspecial projects and Hotel NPC.
The Administration and Services Divisionhas two main functions, which arePurchasing and General Administration.The Services Unit looks after logistics, welfareand general services.
Corporate Secretariat Division's functioncovers management of the Board andPanels of Consultants' meetings. ThisDivision also co-ordinates and monitorsthe other Directorates to ensure that theyfunction in accordance with the policiesand decisions of the Board. It is also incharge of special projects and networkingwith international bodies as well as themanagement of Hotel NPC as a commercialentity.
Regional Offices
To ensure accessibility of the services ofNPC to all sectors nationwide, five officeshave been set up for the following regions :Penang in the Northern Region, Kuantanin the East Coast Region, Johor Bahru inthe Southern Region and for East Malaysia,Kota Kinabalu in Sabah and Kuching inSarawak. All these Regional offices providethe same services as those provided by theHead Office.
45
QUALITY IMPROVEMENT PROGRAMMES
To create greater impact on Productivityand Quality, special programmes have beenconvened as follows: -
(1) QCC Conventions(2) QCC Registration(3) Quality Award
QCC CONVENTIONS
1) Mini Conventions
Two mini conventions with a total of316 participants have been convenedfor new circles which had not madepresentations outside th'eir ownorganisation. This was to encourageQCC circles to make presentation inpublic.
2) Adjudication of QCC Presentation
To date, 23 firms which have organisedQCC conventions within their ownorganisation have received theadjudication service gratis. This is tostimulate growth in the QCC Movementin Malaysia.
3) Regional Conventions
Five Conventions at the regional levelhave been held at the following places:Melaka-Southern Region, Penang-Northern Region, Kuala Terengganu -East Coast Region, Kuching-SarawakRegion and Petaling Jaya-CentralRegion.
4) National QCC Convention 1992
This National QCC Convention was heldin Langkawi with 450 participants in36 circles. Starting from this year, thenumber of circles contesting at thenational level was increased from 24 to36. This is to enable the better circles atthe regional level to take part at thenational level. It is also an indirect wayof promoting quality consciousnessthrough QCC activities.
QCC REGISTRATION
Up to December 1992, 1648 QCC circleshave been registered with the QCCSecretariat. The breakdown numbers areas follows:
Production SectorElectronic SectorServices Sector.
- 656 circles- 780 circles- 212 circles
Registration is carried out to ensure properdevelopment of quality managementactivities in Malaysia.
QUALITYAWARD
In 1992, the Government introduced theIndustry Excellence Award which wasdivided into three categories: ProductExcellence Award, Export ExcellenceAward, Hotel Performance Award andQuality Management Award. NPC wasgiven the responsibility of undertaking thelast two Awards.
1) Hotel Performance Award
Participation in this Award was opento all hotels which had started operationby 1st July, 1991. There were 54participating hotels for this Award.
Award Winners
a.) Category for Big HotelsShangri-La, Kuala Lumpur
h) Category for Medium Size HotelsThe City Bayview, Penang
c) Category for Small HotelsPangkor Laut Resort, PulauPangkor, Perak
46
2) Quality Management Award
This Award is open to companiesregistered in Malaysia and it is a tokenof public recognition for excellentperformance in Quality Management.
More than 10 organisations have beenshortlisted - 7 from big industries and3 from medium size industries.
Award Winners
a) Big Size Organisation:MAICO
h) Medium Size Organisation-.IBM
47
PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITYPROMOTION PROGRAMMES
Many types of activities have been organisedto raise the level and scope of productivityand quality consciousness and itsimportance as a way of life. These activitiestake the form of mass media promotions,talks, workshops, formation of productivityand quality clubs, videos, promotionalmaterials, exhibitions, study visits,publications and advisory services.
Video Recordings
To date, two recordings have been madeand they are related to Productivity andQuality Improvement in careerdevelopment. They focus on skills as acareer choice. These video recordings willbe televised and circulated to libraries andschools nation-wide.
Media Promotions(Radio/Television) Promotion Materials
The infusion of the productivity and qualityconcept in work culture is done throughjingles and trailers which feature regularlyin prime Radio and Television programmes.A press conference with the NPC DirectorGeneral on Company Manual OnProductivity Assessment (COMPASS) wastelevised in the Money Matters Programmeon TV3.
Productivity and Quality Talks
These are Productivity and Quality talkstargeted at organisations from both theprivate and public sector as well as teachersand students.
Productivity and Quality Clubs
The formation of these clubs is aimed atinstilling productivity and qualityconsciousness at the early stage.
Based on the initial success in the urbanareas, this programme has been extendedto six selected schools in the rural areas. Todate, eight schools have started theProductivity and Quality Club with the helpand support of NPC.
Quality Workshops for Schools AndOrganisations
These workshops are to enable students tolearn effective study methods and problem-solving through teamwork. There have beenfive workshop with a total attendance of480 students and at the organisation level,there have been three workshops with atotal of 140 participants.
Promotion materials are distributed toarouse awareness as well as the importanceof Productivity and Quality Improvementamong the people. Among the materialsdistributed are posters and leaflets onQuality and TQC guidelines.
Mobile Exhibition On Productivity andQuality
Most exhibitions are held upon request andthey have been held in schools, institutionsof higher learning, governmentdepartments, industries and at NPCorganised QCC conventions.
Study Visits
NPC has received ten study visits from localas well as overseas. They are fromgovernment agencies, industries and
. schools.
48
Publications
Information on Productivity and Qualityis disseminated through eight types of NPCpublications for circulation among specificgroups. Six magazines publishedperiodically are:
(a) Produktiviti- articles on Productivity
Improvementreadership: supervisors, workers,students
(b) Media Usahawan- articles on Entrepreneurship
readership: entrepreneurs andpotential entrepreneurs
(c) Forum Pengurusan- articles on Management and
Management Techniquesreadership.- managers andsupervisors
(d) Spektrum QCC- articles on Quality Management- readership: QCC members
(e) TQC- articles on Quality Management
readership: supervisors andmanagers
(f) Jurnal Produktiviti- articles on research findings
related to productivity & qualityreadership: managers andacademicians
Advisory Service
This service is rendered to organisationsand industries that need advice relating toProductivity and Quality ImprovementProgrammes, the implementation ofProductivity Awareness Programmes andalso information on QCC, TQC and otherProductivity and Quality issues.
Advisory service is normally required atthe early stages before ProductivityImprovement Programmes arerecommended.
49
CONSULTANCY AND ADVISORYSERVICES PROGRAMMES
NPC's Advisory and Consultancy Serviceslook into the current status of a firm'soperation, make diagnosis and then giverecommendations for increasing theproductivity and quality level. The areasinclude:
G Training Needs AnalysisQ TQM/ISO 9000G Housekeeping Through 5SG Quality Control SystemG Policy DevelopmentQ Research
In 1992, NPC rendered consultancy andadvisory services to 1 7firms and they are:
Company Name Consultancy TopicsQ Utusan Printcorp (M) Sdn Bhd
G Utusan Security CM) Sdn BbdQ GP Autohat Sdn BhdQ L&M Holdings Sdn Bhd
Q Marco Shoe Sdn BhdQ Felmil CorporationG Steel Industry Sarawak Sdn BhdG Syarikat Bidinjasin Sdn Bhd
G Chongai Knitting CoG Highland Chocolate Sdn BhdG Kejuruteraan Emas Sdn Bhd
G Chee Leat Eng Works Sdn Bhd
G Syarikat Rahman Brother & BelmonyIndustries Sdn Bhd
Q Rumah Rehat LKNP, Pulau Tioman
G Ironworks Shipyard, KuchingG Kuching Water Board, Sarawak
Productivity and QualityImprovementBusiness DiagnosisClimate SurveyTraining Needs Analysis andClimate SurveyTQM/ISO 9000/5STQM/ISO 9000/5STQM/TPM/5SProductivity & QualityImprovementTQM/ISO 9000TQM/ISO 9OOOProductivity & QualityImprovementProductivity & QualityImprovement
Quality ControlOperational Management of theRest HouseProject ManagementProject Management
50
PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITYIMPROVEMENT TRAINING PROGRAMMESTraining Programmes on Productivity andQuality Improvement have been categorisedaccording to the following headings:
Quality Management Programme
The courses in this programme focus ongiving an understanding of the concept ofquality, techniques and quality controltools, organising and managing qualitycontrol circles, total quality control andquality control management.
Productivity Management Programme
Productivity Management is a wide field.The courses of this programme start withgiving an understanding and creatingawareness of productivity and eventuallylead to productivity measurement wherebyan industry is guided into deriving at itsown indices.
Human Resource ManagementProgramme
The importance of Human ResourceManagement in any organisation is wellrecognised and that technology alone is noguarantee for the success of an industry ifhuman resource is not properly managed.This programme emphasises on thefollowing aspects of human development:leadership, training, motivation, personnelmanagement and planning.
Production Management Programme
Besides dealing with the planning andcontrol aspects of production, thisprogramme also offers courses on IndustrialSafety, Maintenance, Store & StockManagement, as well as Method Study/JobSimplification.
Sales & Marketing Programme
This programme covers human relationsand the necessary skills in Sales &Marketing.
SMI andProgramme
Entrepreneurs hip
This programme offers many types ofcourses in a wide range of disciplines. It isaimed at equipping entrepreneurs for thechallenges of the highly competitive businessworld. The courses include Construction,Financial Management, Marketing,Motivation, Budgeting and alsoEntrepreneurship Courses for GovernmentOfficers and employees who wish to go intobusiness.
Special Request Programme & Joint-Programme
These are training programmes which aretailored to the needs of specificorganisations which request them. Thereare also programmes which are jointlyconducted by NPC and outsideorganisations. Some of the joint-projectsare with Fujitsu Component (M) Sdn Bhd,Dunlop Malaysia Industries Bhd andAIWA.
Special Programme (APOProgramme)
This programme includes courses/seminar/symposium sponsored by the AsianProductivity Organisation (APO) and inMalaysia NPC is the programme organiserwhich undertakes the programme eitheron its own or working jointly with otheragencies or ministries.
International Programme
The courses in this programme are offeredto participants from the Asia-Pacific Regionand Africa as part of the MalaysianTechnical Co-operation Programme. Thecourses cover such areas as ProductivityImprovement, Supervisory and HumanResource Management.
51
Other Programmes
All those programmes not related toProductivity and Quality Improvement arecategorised under this grouping. Theseprogrammes are still being conductedbecause of strong demand by individualsand the private sector. Among (he coursesoffered are:-
Q Management AccountingQ Industrial RelationsQ Hotel Management Programme
However, these courses will be sub-contracted out in the future.
Achievements of 1992
Programmes
Quality Management ProgrammeProductivity Management ProgrammeHuman Resources ManagementProduction Management ProgrammeSales & Marketing ProgrammeSMI & Entrepreneurship ProgrammeSpecial Programme (APO Programme)International ProgrammeOther Programmes
Total No. ofCourses
2932
107199
7832
38
Total No. ofParticipants
1,379496
1,783276120
1,7377250
924
Total 317 6,837
52
PRODUCTIVITY MEASUREMENTAND RESEARCH PROGRAMMESIn 1992 NPC conducted 28 researchprojects on productivity measurement, wageand salary system, training managementand productivity performance in themanufacturing, services and agriculturalsectors.
(0 Among the research projects carriedout were:G Relationship between wages and
productivityG Characteristics of direct foreign
investment and its relationship toproductivity in the manufacturingsector
G Total Factor ProductivityG Studies on the status of index
application/productivity ratiosG Real productivity indices for
international comparisonsG Factors affecting labour
productivityG Performance evaluation on
handicraft business(joint-projectwith ITM)
G Productivity enhancementprogramme on the auto-componentindustry
G Study of technological impact onproductivity enhancement in thetextile industry
G Wage system and absenteeism
(ii) Productivity analysis in themanufacturing sector of Malaysia. Theindustries involved were:Q PlasticG Transport equipmentG Scientific and measurement
equipmentG Petroleum refinery and the
manufacture of miscellaneousG Fabricated metal productsQ Chemical productsG Paper, printing and publishing
(iii)Status reports on productivity at theeconomic and national levelQ Status report on productivity of the
manufacturing sectorQ Status report on productivity of the
agricultural sectorG Status report on the productivity of
the hotel industry(this report isbased on questionnaires of the Inter-hotel Performance Award)
G Handicraft studies
Special Publications
"Company Manual for ProductivityAssessment" (COMPASS)
COMPASS is a handbook published by NPCfor the following purposes:
Q To provide a set of standardisedproductivity measures at company level
G To pave the way for participativemanagement practices in the company.Added value concept promotes theparticipation of labour andmanagement for a common goal,whereas profitability concept tends topull labour and management apart
G To enable companies to do corporatebudget planning based on productivityobjectives
In conjunction with the launching ofCOMPASS, a seminar entitled "SeminarCum Workshop On COMPASS" was held inPetaling Jaya and attended by 81participants from companies andgovernment agencies. The seminar was alsoheld in Penang, Kuching andjohor Bahru.
Several courses pertaining to managementand productivity measurement were alsoorganised.
G Measuring Resource Productivity inManufacturing
G Productivity Diagnosis as a StrategicManagement Tool
G Linking Profitability, Productivity andWages
53
MALAYSIAN PRODUCTIVITYPERFORMANCE 1992_____Overall Productivity Trend
The overall productivity of Malaysia grew 4.1% over the period 1985 to 1992. For 1992,productivity registered a growth rate of 4,7% (see Fig. 1).
Figure 1: Average Growth Rate of Overall Productivity, Malaysia, 1985-1992
PERCENTAGE
Source: NPC, Malaysia.Ministry of Finance Malaysia, Economic Report, Various years (Data on GDP, J 985-1988; Data on Employment,1985-1992)Bank Negara Malaysia, Annual Report, 1992 (Data on GDP, 1989-1992)
Sources of Economic Growth and Productivity Growth
Generally, economic growth can be brought about by expansion of employment andgrowth of productivity which is related to growth in capital intensity (capital assets peremployee) and total factor productivity (TFP).
Analysis shows that economic growth relied more and more on productivity growthsince 1980 (see Fig. 2) .
Figure 2: Contribution of Productivity to Economic Growth, Malaysia, 1989-1992
1980-1985 1985-1990
EmploymentGrowth
ProductivityGrowth
EmploymentGrowth
ProductivityGrowth
46%
EmploymentGrowth
1985 -1992
ProductivityGrowth
EmploymentGrowth
54%
1992
ProductivityGrowth
Source: NPC, Malaysia,Ministry of Finance Malaysia, Economic Report, Various years (Data on GDP, 1980-1988; Data on Employment,1985-1992)Bank Negara Malaysia, Annual Keport, 1992 (Data on GDP, 1989-1992)
54
In the period 1980-1985, productivity growth accounted for 43% of the economic growthof the nation, and the growth rate increased to 54% in the period 1985-1992. In 1992, itwent up further to 59%- This was a significant development especially when Malaysia wasfacing a very tight labour market in the last 2 years. In this context, Malaysian industryshould further enhance productivity for economic growth in the future in order to alleviatethe impact of the acute shortage of skilled labour force.
Fig. 3 shows that in the early 1980's productivity growth depended heavily on the TFPgrowth, i.e. on the effectiveness and efficiency with which labour and capital were utilised.However, this trend was reversed in the later part of the 1980's when capital intensitybecame the more significant source of productivity growth. This was mainly due to thetremendous increase in capital investment in assets by the private sector.
Figure 3: Contribution of TFP & Capital Intensity (CI) to Overall Productivity, Malaysia,1981-1992
100Contribution
'/0 by TFP % by CI
81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92
Source: NPC, Malaysia.Ministry of Finance Malaysia, Economic Report, Various years (Data on GDP, 1981-1988; Data on Employment,1981-1992)Bank Negara Malaysia, Annual Report, 1992 (Data on GDP, 1989-1992)
However, with the slowing down of private capital investments in recent years, Malaysianindustries will have to improve more on TFP growth, i.e. on efficiency and effectivenesswith which they manage their input resources and invest on the more productive capitalassets.
Sectoral Contribution to Overall Productivity
Table 1 shows the weighted (by employment) contribution (in %) to the overall productivityby the economic sectors. It shows that while the agriculture sectors' contribution haddeteriorated from 23-52% in 1980 to only 16.03% in 1992, the manufacturing sector hadshown impressive improvement from 20.18% to 28.32% in 1992. The contribution by theaggregate services sector, however, showed little changes, with its contribution hoveringaround 26.81% to 29.18%.
55
Table 1: Weighted Contribution (by Employment) * of Economic Sectors to OverallProductivity, Malaysia, Selected Years 1980-1992
I 1980 1985 1990 1992
Overall Productivity
(i.e. GDP Per Worker) 9,206
<RM)
10,151
<RM)
11,997
(RM)
13,196
SECTOR
1. Agriculture
2. Mining/Quarrying
3. Manufacturing
4. Utifities
5. Construction
6. Commerce/Trade
7. Transport
8. Finance
MSICCODE
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
Aggregate Services" 06 + 07 + OS
9. GovernmentServices
10. Other Services
Total
09
10
1980
23.52
10.36
20.18
1.48
4.77
12.43
5.87
8.51
26.81
10.53
2.36
100.00
1985
20.91
10.56
19.87
1.67
4.83
12.19
6.40
8.99
27.58
12.27
2.30
100.00
1990
18.39
9.61
26.49
1.89
3.52
10.96
6.80
9.62
27.37
10.65
1992
16.03
8.46
28.32
2.03
3.91
11.87
6.99
10.31
29.18
10.00
2.07 2.08
100.00 100.00
Note:percentage contributions (weighted by employment) by sectors
to overall productivity are exactly the same as the percentagecontributions by sectors to the overall GDP, as shownbelow:-
Productivity Sector i = GDP of Sector iEmployment of Sector i
Weighted Productivity of Sectors iGDP of Sector i „ . , ,. ,
=-r, — -7—* ——— - — TT — ; —— • Weight tor Sector iEmployment oj Sector i rt •'
Weight for Sectors i, W,
_ Employment of Sector i_____ _ Z,Total Employment of all Sectors Z£;
% contribution by sectors i to overall productivity (on iveighted basis}
Sz ' * joo%
•LGDPt '"
Aggregate services include finance, insurance, transport, storage,communication, hotel, wholesale and retail trade, restaurant, realestate and business service. Henceforth, service sector refers toaggregate services unless otherwise stated.
Source: NPC, Malaysia.Ministry of Finance Malaysia, Economic Report, Various years (Data on GDP, 1980-1988: Data on Employment,1980-1992)Bank Negara Malaysia, Annual Report, 1992 (Data on GDP, 1989-1992)
56
The manufacturing, agriculture and aggregate services sectors contributed more than70% to the overall productivity in 1992 (See Table 2).
Table 2: Top Three Sectors Contributing (Weighted by Employment} * More Than 7O%to the Productivity, Malaysia, 1990 & 1992
Sector 1990 1992
Manufacturing
Agriculture
Aggregate Services1
26.49%
18.39%
27.37%
72.25%
28.32%
16.03%
29.18%
73.53%
Note * Refer Note for Table 1** Refer Note for Table 1
Source: NPC, Malaysia.Ministry of Finance Malaysia, Economic Report, 1992/93 (Data on Employment, 1980-1992)BankNegara Malaysia, Annual Report, 1992 (Data on G'DP. 1990-19921
Productivity Driven Growth of the Manufacturing Sector
In the period 1985-1992, the growth of the manufacturing sector was mainly driven byemployment expansions (65%) (see Table 3). In 1991 and 1992, the growth of themanufacturing sector was more driven by productivity improvement i.e. 50% and 46%respectively as compared with only 35% for the whole period of 1985-1992.
Table 3: Sources of Growth in Manufacturing Sector, Malaysia, 1985-1992
Period Productivity Employment Estimation ErrorDriven* Driven*
1985-92 35% 65% 0%
1990 32% 65% 3%
1991 50% 47% 3%
1992 46% 51% 3%
* Contribution from productivity and employment may not add up to 100%because of statistical discrepancies, especially for the annual figures,as shown by "estimation error".
Source: NPC, Malaysia.Ministry of Finance Malaysia, Economic Report, Various years (Data on GDP, 1985-1988; Data onEmployment, 1985-1992)Bank Negara Malaysia, Annual Report, 1992 (Data on GDP, 1989-1992)
57
Productivity Performance of the Manufacturing Sector
The manufacturing sector generally performed well by achieving high productivity growthespecially for the period 1985 to 1989 as shown by most of the important productivityindicators such as Labour Cost Competitiveness (which comprises Added Value per RM ofLabour Cost, Labour Cost per Employee and Unit Labour cost), Added Value Per Employeeand Capital Productivity (see Fig.4.1-4.3 and Fig. 5.1-5.2). It appeared that the sector wasable to sustain the economic slowdown in the 1985-1988 periods by achieving highproductivity growth in the above mentioned indicators (see Table 4 and Table 5). AddedValue per Labour Cost had increased from 1.99 in the 1985 to 2,49 in 1989 before itdeclined to 2.36 in 1990. Added Value Per Employee grew by 4.96% over the period 1985to 1990. The sector also registered positive growth in capital productivity. Capital Productivitywas at 0.97 in 1985 and it increased to 1.15 in 1990, which represented an annualgrowth rate of 5-52%.Figure 4.1: Added Value per Labour Cost, Manufacturing Sector, Pen. Malaysia, 1985-
1990
Pure Number
1987 1988 1989 1990
Year
Source: NPC, Malaysia.Department of Statistics Malaysia, Industrial Surveys, Various years (Data on Output & Labour Cost, 1985-1990)
Figure 4.2: Unit Labour Cost, Manufacturing Sectors, Pen. Malaysia, 1985-199O
Pure Number
Source: NPC, Malaysia.Department of Statistics Malaysia, Industrial Surveys, Various years (Data on Output & Labour Cost, 1985-1990)
58
Figure 4.3: Labour Cost per Employee, Manufacturing Sector, Pen. Malaysia, 1985-1990
(RM'OOO)
Source: NPC, Malaysia.Department of Statistics Malaysia, Industrial Surveys, Various years (Data on labour Cost & Employment,1985-1990)
Figure 5.1: Added Value Per Employee, Manufacturing Sectors, Pen, Malaysia, 1985-1990
(RM'OOO)
1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990
Source: NPC, Malaysia.Department of Statistics Malaysia, Industrial Surveys, Various years (Data on Output & Employment, 1985-199O)
Figure 5.2: Capital Productivity (Added Value per Fixed Assets), Manufacturing Sector,Pen. Malaysia, 1985-1990
Pure Number
0.4
0.2
01985 1985 1987 198
Year
19B9 199O
Source: NPC, Malaysia.department of Statistics Malaysia, Industrial Surveys, Various years (Data on Output & FixedAssets, 1985-1990)
59
Table 4: Value Levels of the Principal Productivity Indicators, Manufacturing Sector,Pen. Malaysia, 1985-1990
Indicators Year1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990
Added Value perLabour Cost
1.99 2.03 2.11 2.32 2.49 2.36
Unit Labour Cost 0.0988 0.1050 0.0933 0.0822 0.0803 0.0853
Labour Cost PerEmployee (RM) 9,310 9,290 9,204 8,972 9,289 9,672
Added ValuePer Employee 18,499 18,874 19,438 20,846 23,148 22,841
CapitalProductivity 0.97 0.96 1.02 1.17 1.30 1.15
Source: NPC. Malaysia.Department uf Statistics Malaysia. fncinstnalSiinvys, \'eirious years 'Data on On/put. Employment. Labour Cost& Fixed Assets, 1985-1990)
Table 5-' Growth Rates of the Principal Productivity Indicators, Manufacturing Sector,Pen. Malaysia, 1985-1990
Indicators
Added Value perLabour Cost
Unit Labour Cost
Growth Rates (%)1985- 1990
4.48
-4.75
Labour Cost perEmployee 0.47
Added Value Per Employee 4.96
Capital Productivity 5.52
Source: NPC. Malaysia.Department of Statistics Malaysia, Industrial Surveys, Various years (Data on Output. Employment, Labour C'osl& Fixed Assets. 1985-1990)
However, the sector was not able to maintain its growth momentum after 1989. Most of thelabour cost related productivity indicators were registering slower growth and lower valuelevels in 1990. The lower achievement in labour cost related indicators was mostly due tothe tight labour market in the period after 1989. with increased labour cost. This resultedin overall decrease in the Labour Cost Competitiveness of the manufacturing sector.Another important scenario of the manufacturing sector was the low capital investmentamong some of the industries. Among the industries that registered a negative growth rateover the period of 1985 to 1990 were Transport Equipment (11.39%), Leather andProducts of Leather (7.52%), Footwear (5-90%) and Iron and Steel (3.22%).
60
In order to sustain and further improve productivity, the sector must embark on activitiesthat increase added value generation. This can be achieved through better workingmethods, better compensation policy and research and development. In view of strongcompetition in the world market from other ASEAN countries such as Thailand, Indonesiaand Philippines (thatpresently enjoyed abundant and cheap labour), the manufacturingsector must invest more infixed assets / technology to be able to compete more efficientlyand effectively.
Productive Industries and Average Earnings
By examining the scatter diagram (see Fig. 6) of productive industries against averageearnings, it was found that highly productive industries had paid their workers better,while those less productive ones paid less. It can be inferred therefore, that higher productivityhad benefited the workers in term of the ability of industries to pay higher wage's andsalaries.
Figure 6: Productivity vs Average Earnings, Manufacturing Sector, Pen. Malaysia, 1990
Productivity (RM'OOQ)120
8 10 12 14 | 16 16
Average Earnings (RM'ODO)
Source: i\'FC, Malaysia.Department <if Statistics Malaysia. Industrial Stm>eys, Various years (Data on Output. Labour Cast & Employment,1990)
International Comparison
In attempting to compare productivity at the international level, added value at constantprices per worker was used. The comparisons were done at three stages; namely, nationaleconomy, by sector and by selected industries of the manufacturing sector. This wouldprovide a good indication of the performance of Malaysia viz-a-viz with the other countries.
The percentage contribution of productivity to economic growth for Malaysia (for theperiod 1985-1990) was much lower than that of the NICs but higher than USA (see Fig. 7).The growth rate of productivity for Malaysia during the period 1985-1990 was 3-6% whichwas also lower than those of the NICs; among them, Korea seemed to be a leader inproductivity growth (see Table 6). In terms of level, (see Fig. 8.1-8.2), Malaysia ranked fifthafter the Asian NICs, ahead of Indonesia and Thailand.
61
Figure 7: Contribution of Productivity to Economic Growth, Overall Economy, SelectedCountries, 1985-1990
1OO
75
SO7O
64
25
Productivity iHH Employment
Source: NPC, Malaysia.APO, Comparative Information on Productivity Levels in APO Member Countries, 1992NPB (Spore), Annual Bulletin of Productivity Statistics, 1989 (Data for USA)Ministry of Finance, Economic Report. Various Years
Table 6: Growth Rates of Productivity, Overall Economy, Selected Countries, 1981-1990
CountriesGrowth Rates (%)
1981-1990 1985-1990 1987-1990
Malaysia
Indonesia
Japan .jfi
Korea |H
Singapore
Taiwan
2.3
1.8
3.3
6.5
4.5
5.6
3.6
2.2
3.5
5.9
5.2
6.3
4.9
3.2
3.8
4.9
5.6
5.4
Source: NPC, Malaysia.APO, Comparative Information on Productivity Levels in APO Member Countries, 1992Ministry of Finance Malaysia, Economic Kefxtrt, Various Years
62
Figure 8.1: International Productivity Performance (Relative Levels), Overall Economy,Selected Countries, 1981-1992
800Index, Malaysia 1981 = 100
Japan
600
400Singapore
Taiwan
200 x -X—* Korea
Malaysia
ThailandIndonesia
1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992
YEAR
Source: NPC, Malaysia.APO, Comparative Information on Productivity Levels in APO Member Countries, 1992Ministry of Finance Malaysia, Economic Report, Various Years
Figure 8.2: Productivity trend for Malaysia, Indonesia and Thailand (Relative Levels),Overall Economy, 1981-1992 (An expanded view of Figure 9.1)
160Index, Malaysia 1981 = 100
140
120
100
Malaysia
80
60
40
Thailand
Indonesia
20
1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992
YEAR
Source: NPC, Malaysia.APO, Comparative Information on Productivity Levels in APO Member Countries, 1992Ministry of Finance, Economic Report, Various Years
63
The ranking of Malaysia's manufacturing sector viz-a-viz the other countries followed thesame trend as her national economy (see Fig. 9 and Table 7). Although Malaysia'smanufacturing sector was doing well, its growth was still below most of the Asian countriesexcept Indonesia.
Figure 9: International Productivity Performance (Relative Levels), ManufacturingSector, Selected Countries, 1981-1992
800Index, Malaysia 1981 =100
600* V
Japan
400
200
A A^A .̂ -A *
*- •--*—*-* -X-
Singapore
Taiwan
Korea
Malaysia
•X-- -X--~X—--X——X- -X--—X Indonesia
1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992
YEAR
Source: NPC, Malaysia.APO, Comparative Information on Productivity Levels in APO Member Countries, 1992Ministry of Finance. Economic Report, Various Years
Table 7: Growth Rates of Labour Productivity, Manufacturing Sector, SelectedCountries, 1981-1990
CountriesGrowth Rates (%)
1981-1990 1985-1990 1987-1990
Malaysia
Singapore
Taiwan
Japan
Korea
Indonesia
4.0
5.2
4.9
5.0
5.6
7.5
4.7
6.7
5.7
5.0
5.3
4.6
3.5
5.7
4.5
6.2
5.1
1.3
Source.- NPC, Malaysia.APO, Comparative Information on Productivity Lei-els in APO Member Countries, 1992Ministry of Finance, Economic Report, Various Years
64
An analysis of productivity as measured by Added Value (in constant price) per Worker forselected industries showed that Japanese industries indicated an overall highest levels ofproductivity comparatively (see Table 8).
Table 8: Added Value per Employee by Selected Industries, Manufacturing Sector,Selected Countries, 1987 (Relative Value Levels in contsant US$)
Industry
Food, beverages & tobacco
Textile & wearing apparel
Wood & wood products,including furniture
Paper & paper products,printing & publishing
Malaysia Singapore Hong Kong Korea U.S.A. Japan*
9,069 26,971 13,344 26,398 52,507 69,100
4,420 8,722 7,486 10,337 22,834 37,200
6,306 9,194 31,368 na4,711 9,706
7,143 24,040
Chemicals & chemical products 18,304" 60,393
Non-metallic mineral products 11,089 19,854
lron& steel 13,208 41,472
Machinery & Engineering 6,792 24,437
9,762 19,048 42,876 na
8,869 20,772 70,536 147,900
14,532 17,960 45,453 na
12,491 32,615 49,973 149,900
8,742 16,518 43,618 80,200
Note-. * Japan figures are for year 1988" Exclude petroleum
Source; NPC, Malaysia.NPB (S'pore), Annual Bulletin of Productivity Statistics, 1992UN, Industrial Statistics Yearbook, various issuesDepartment of Statistics Malaysia, Industrial Surveys, 1987
65
SUPPORT PROGRAMMES FOR PRODUCnVTTYAND QUALITY IMPROVEMENTIn its effort to ensure the smooth andeffective running of all programmes, NPChas produced a support programme, thecombined inputs from the Information andReference Centre, OrganisationDevelopment, Human ResourceDevelopment, Hotel NPC and the ExcellenceCulture Movement,
CO Information an4 Reference Centre
This centre is responsible for collecting,processing, storing as well asdisseminating productivity and qualityinformation through database, libraryservice and corporate media Theinformation is categorised as follows:
Statistical Information
Dynamics Information
Statistical information is defined asProductivity and Quality inputs as wellas NPC training performance,consultancy and research.
Dynamics information covers the latestproductivity indices according tosectors, sub-sectors and total economyas well as the latest findings onproductivity, quality and management.
All this information in their variousforms is disseminated through libraryservice and the Public Relations Unit.
In 1991, the centre collected data fromindustry and former NPC clientsnumbering 42,000 in all To date ourcatalogue covering all industry sectorshas 24,552 books, 1,225 journals, 385annual reports, 65 training guides, 267training calendars and 340 NPCtraining project papers. The centre alsohas a collection of 333 AsianProductivity Organisation publications.Under the audio-visual section thereare 328 film and video titles onproductivity, quality, management andentrepreneurship.
(H) Organisation Development
It is the philosophy of NPC that anorganisation's workforce holds the keyto its success through productivity-improvement. In view of this belief, NPCis totally committed to ensuring thatstaff welfare is given due consideration.Accordingly the following bodies havebeen set up:
Q PKPDPNCNPC Staff Association)
Ql Dayanita Club
Q BKKI (Muslim Staff Welfare Society)
PKPDPN (NPC Staff Association)
This association was set-up to promote goodrelations and understanding among thestaff through social, recreational andwelfare activities. The association also aimsat strengthening NPC esprit de corps.
Dayanita Club
Formed in 1981, this club is for the NPCwomen staff and also the wives of NPCstaff, who are admitted as associatemembers. It is mainly involved in welfare,social and woman-and-family-relatedcultural activities. It always works in co-ordination with PKPDPN and BKKI.
BKKI (Muslim Staff Welfare Society)
This society produces programmescomprising religious lectures, tajwid and"fardhu 'ain" classes and other religious-related activities.
66
(Hi) Excellence Culture Movement(GBC)
In 1992, the Excellence CultureMovement was slotted into the NPCcalendar as an important year longactivity. The aim is to create anenvironment conducive to excellentservice performance with a high levelof professionalism
In 1992, the movement had the following activities.
Date Type of Activity Target Group
25.1.92
31-1.92
28.3.92
25.6.92
10.7-12.7.92
26.7.92
6.9.92
18.9-20.9.92
31.10.92
GBC talk on "Corporate Culture"
Director General's message
GBC talk on "Planned Work 'Culture"
Report on the activities of the NPC'ssteering committee for Managementand Quality Enhancement(Jan-June 1992)
Human Resources Development -Golden Resort, Port Dickson (Group 1)
Senamrohik at Merdeka SquareRTM's "Selamat Pagi Malaysia"
Family Day - Bukit Cahaya Sri Alam
Human Resources Development -Golden Resort, Port Dickson (Group 2)
Q Month
Solidarity Programme and Launchingof Q Month
Theme: "Quality, Basis for Excellence"
- Welcome address by Chairman of theQ Month Organising Committee
Opening speech by NPC'sDirector General
- Introduction of newDeputy Director General
- Launching of NPC's new flag
- Declaration of Pledge
NPC staff
NPC staff
NPC staff
NPC staff
NPC staff
NPC staff, familiesand generalpublic
NPC staff andfamilies
NPC staff
NPC staff
NPC staff
NPC staffNPC staff
NPC staff
NPC staff
67
Date Type of Activity Target Group
71192
8.11.92
11.11-13.11.92
13.11.92
14 11.92
15.11.92
23-11.92
- Presentation of AwardsQ Suggestion BoxChildren of NPC's staff, who excelledin their studies
- Inauguration of NPC's new surau
- QQuiz
Gotong Royong- Clearing of NPC's compound
- Greening of NPC's compoundTheme: "Green and Cleanliness"
Qfor the Younger Generation- Lectures
The importance of P&QIntroduction of several conceptson quality education
Colouring Contest (3 categories)
NPB/NPC Games
Workshop on "Strategic Planningin the 1990s"
Q Camp with Proton's cooperation- Welcome Speech by NPC Director
General
- Launching by Proton's DeputyManaging Director
- Working Paper IQuality and ISO 9000
- Working Paper IIAwards as Measurement for Excellence
- Quality Quiz, Video and QualityBook Exhibition
Senamrobik at Dataran SemarakRTM, AngkasapuriTheme: "The Quality-Fitness Equation"
Luncheon Talk"Quality Enhancement ThroughManaging Change" byTan Sri Dato' Eric Chia Eng HockManaging Director, Perwaja Steel Sdn Bhd
68
NPC staffNPC staffChildren of NPCstaff
NPC staff
NPC staff
Secondary SchoolChildren
School Children (715 years)
NPB/NPC staff
General public
Proton staff
NPC staff, familiesand general public
NPC staff andSenior Managersfrom public andprivate sectors
Date Type of Activity Target Group
29.11.92 NPC Qualititbon
Clients
NPC staff & clients
Winner- UniphoneUsabasamaSdn Bbd
NPCWhite Lion
13-10.-
28.11.92
Runner-up- Utusan Printcorp Terminator 2(Q-UPSB)
Q Month programme in other organisations
- in conjunction with Q Month,NPC organised 24 Quality talks at variousgovernment agencies and private sectororganisations
Governmentdepartmentsand private sector
iv) Hotel NPC
Hotel NPC which is part of the Instituteof Hotel Management has performedwell as a commercial concern with itsgross revenue rising from RM4.6 millionin 1991 to RM5.4 million in 1992.Though only a 3-star hotel, it offers awide range of facilities besides roomsand F&B services. As a laboratoryfacility, it is a training complement tothe Institute by offering industrialtraining to the Institute's students inall the areas of hotel operation.
69
(v) Human Resource Management
This Division has three units -Manpower Planning, Training andDevelopment and Job Placement.
In 1992, manpower training anddevelopment was top priority in NPC. Itis also the year of great historicalsignificance for NPC in the context ofmanpower training and developmentfor it is in 1992 that NPC first introduceda Training and Development Policy forits staff development. With this policy,NPC implemented a training anddevelopment programme. For the wholeof 1992, NPC staff from all levels havegone through programmes asenumerated below.--
Programmes Frequency
i.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Induction Programme 1(for new officers)
Local Seminars and Courses 48
Overseas Seminars and Courses 31
NPC In-house Programme 14
Masters Programme (MBA)
Doctorate Programme(PHD)
Total 94
Participation
50
295
43
234
9
1
632
Note: On average, every NPC citizen has attended two programmes in a year.
70
INSTITUTE OF HOTEL MANAGEMENT
In 1992, IHM courses were continued owingto strong demand for training from the hoteland catering industry and they were:
Diploma in Hotel Management
International Hotel-RestaurantSupervisory Certificate
Certificate in Front Office Operations
Certificate in Restaurant Skills
Certificate in Basic Cooking
Certificate in Hotel Operations
Short courses in Hotel Industry
Specially Designed Courses/In-houseTraining Courses
Executive Development Programme
Bumiputra Entrepreneur DevelopmentProgramme
Food Production Programme ForVocational Schools
71
INTERNATIONAL COOPERATIONNETWORKIn order to strengthen its technologycapability and enhance performance as aNational Productivity Institution, NPC hasfrequent access to foreign expertise throughinternational networking especially withWCPS, JICA, ILO and productivityorganisations in other countries.
In 1992, three APO Training Programmeswere conducted for Malaysian participants.The programmes are:
1. Symposium on ProductivityImprovement in the Civil Service (22-26 June, 1992)
2. Training Course on AgriculturalDevelopment Planning (6-8 July, 1992)
3. Seminar on Agricultural ProductivityMeasurement and Analysis (27 Oct-6Nov, 1992)
Under a bilateral corporation programmeamong the Member Nations, NPC has takenin six participants, two each from Fiji,Philippines and Japan
In 1992, NPC hosted the 12th ProductivityImprovement Programme which had 10international participants. They are fromPakistan, Turkey, Sri Lanka, Zambia,Nigeria, the Philippines and Malaysia. Thisis under the Malaysian Technical Co-operation Programme
72
L A P O R A NK E W A N G A N
ICTPGPERBADANAN PRODUKTIVITI NEGARA
LAPORAN KETUA AUDIT NEGARA
Lembaran Imbangan, Akaun Pendapatan dan Perbelanjaan, Penyata Perubahan Kedudukan Kewanganbersama dengan Nota-nota kepada Akaun yang berkembar ini telah diperiksa di bawah arahan sayamengikut Akta Audit 1957. Semua kenyataan dan keterangan yang dikehendaki telah didapati,
Pada pendapat saya, Lembaran Imbangan, Akaun Pendapatan dan Perbelanjaan, Penyata PerubahanKedudukan Kewangan bersama dengan Nota-nota kepada Akaun telah diperbuat dengan cara yangbetul untuk menunjukkan saru kenyataan yang benar dan munasabah mengenai kedudukan kewanganPerbadanan Produktiviti Negara pada 31 Disember 1992 dan urusan berkaitan dengannya sertaperubahan dalam kedudukan kewangan bagi tahun berakhir pada tarikh itu.
LIM SDK KIANGbp Ketua Audit Negara
Kuala Lumpur18 September 1993
PENYATA PARA PENGARAH
Kami, TAN SRI DATO' A2MAN HASHIM dan IR HJ ARSHAD B HJ MARSIDI dua orang PengarahPerbadanan Produktiviti Negara, dengan ini menyatakan bahawa, pada pendapat Pengarah, LembaranImbangan, Akaun Pendapatan dan Perbelanjaan dan Penyata Perubahan Kedudukan Kewangan yangberikut ini beserta dengan nota-nota tertera di mukasurat 4 hingga 14 adalah disediakan untukmenunjukkan pandangan yang benar dan saksama berkenaan kedudukan Perbadanan pada 31hb.Disember, 1992 dan hasil kendaliannya dan perubahan kedudukan kewangannya bagi tahun berakhirpada tarikh tersebut.
Bagi pihak Lembaga Pengarah,
TAN SRI DATO' AZMAN HASHIMPengerusi
IR HJ ARSHAD BIN HJ MARSIDIKetua Pengarah
Tarikh: Thb Ogos 1993
AKUAN BERKANUNSaya, ROKIAH BTE HJ MD NOR, pegawai utama yang bertanggungjawab ke atas pengurusankewangan Perbadanan Produktiviti Negara dengan ikhlasnya mengakui bahawa Lembaran Imbangan,Akaun Pendapatan dan Perbelanjaan dan Penyata Perubahan Kedudukan Kewangan yang berikut iniberserta dengan nota-nota yang tertera di mukasurat 4 hingga 14, mengikut sebaik-baiknya pengetahuandan kepercayaan saya, adalah betul dan saya membuat ikrar ini dengan sebenarnya mempercayaibahawa ianya itu adalah benar atas kehendak-kehendak Akta Akuan Berkanun, 1960.
Ditandatangani dan diakui )oleh ROKIAH BTE HJ MD NOR )yang tersebut di atas di Petaling Jaya )di dalam Negeri Selangor Darul Ehsan)pada Thb Ogos 1993 )
Dil adapan saya,
ROKIAH BTE HJ MD NOR
A. IAHMAN SAADPes iruhjaya Sumpah
RIPEPERBADANAN PRODUKTIVITt NEGARA
LEMBARAN IMBANGANPADA 31HB DISEMBER 1992
NOTA
HARTA TETAP
HARTA SEMASAStokSiberhutang PerniagaanPelbagai siberhutangPinjaman dan pendahuluan
kepada kakitanganCagaran dan bayaran terdahuluSimpanan Tetap dengan bankWang tunai di tangan dan di bank
1992RM
16,780,787
96,1111,105,082
450,547
810,041110,185
17,933,0253,333,298
23,838,289
1991RM
14,271,575
77,5061,141,670
576,547
824,43987,503
18,096,800501,385
21,305,850
Tolak: TANGGUNGAN SEMASA
Sipiutang perniagaanPelbagai sipiutang dan depositSipiutang pajakan
HARTA SEMASA BERSIH
Dibiayai oleh:
KUMPULANWANG TERKUMPUL
Kumpulanwang PengurusanKumpulanwang PembangunanKumpulanwang Pinjaman KenderaanKumpulanwang Perumahan
TANGGUNGAN JANGKA PANJANG
303,632795,093131,420
1,230,146
22,608,143
39,388,930
18,428,95819,863,626
916,4004,300
39,213,284175,646
39,388,930
457,6701,151,716
1,609,386
19,696,464
33,968,093
14,101,28018,939,659
916,40010,700
33,968,039
33,968,039
TAN SRI DATO' AZMAN HASHIMPengerusi
IR HJ ARSKetua Pengarah
HJ MARSIDI
Nota-nota kepada akaun di muka 9 hingga 14 merupakan sebahagian daripada akaun-akaun ini.
4
AKAUN PENDAPATAN DAN PERBELANJAANBAGITAHUN BERAKHIR 31HB DISEMBER1992
Nota
1011
PENDAPATANPemberian dari Kerajaan PersekutuanYuran latihanFaedah atas pinjaman perumahan& kenderaanFaedah simpanan tetapFaedah BankSewaanPelbagai pendapatanKeuntungan / (kerugian) dari jualan
harta tetap
Tolak: PERBELANJAANGaji dan upahanElaun TetapTambahan kos kakitanganElaun lebih masaLain-lain faedah kewanganPerjalanan dan perbelanjaan sara hidupPengangkutan barang-barangPerhubunganUtilitiSewaanPerkhidmatan percetakanBekalan dan alatanPenyelenggaraan dan pembaikan yang dibeliPerkhidmatan iktisas dan lain-lain
perkhidmatan yang dibeli dan hospitilitiBayaran Juruaudit- tahun semasaKekurangan peruntukan tahun terdahuluYuran keahlianFaedah atas pinjamanHutang lapuk dilupuskanPeruntukan Hutang RaguSusutnilai harta tetapTaksiran dan cukai tanah
LEBIHAN PENDAPATAN DARIPADA PERBELANJAANOPERASI HOTEL
LEBIHAN PENDAPATAN DARIPADA PERBELANJAANBAGI TAHUN SEMASA
1992RM
13,055,0002,339,212
31,9441,254,796
84,65526,39551,294
100
16,843,396
1991RM
10,763,0001,862,955
23,582936,26441,6848,957
87,829
(21,420)
13,702,851
6,091,974834,135942,30497,76922,543746,27747,530204,116371,838373,542444,541769,990562,298
1,093,4378,140
-170,845
7793,12914,841287,65146,704
13,134,383
3,709,013
618,665
4,327,678
4,730,488720,913675,11752,70218,252680,23485,959180,323320,509370,524323,964573,149377,329
951,6958,1403,140
165,7361,0081,550(8,682)
265,548182,496
10,680,094
3,022,757
768,403
3,791,160
TAN SRI DATO' AZMAN HASHIM IR HJ ARSHSHBHCHJ MARSIDIPengerusi Ketua Pengarah
Nota-nota kepada akaun di muka surat 9 hingga 14 merupakan sebahagian daripada akaun-akaun ini
KPGPERBADANAN PRODUKTIVITI NEGARA
AKAUN PENDAPATAN DAN PERBELANJAAN - OPERASI HOTELBAGITAHUN BERAKHIR 31HB DISEMBER1992
PENDAPATANSewa bilikJualan makananJualan minumanJualan tembakauPendapatan telefonPendapatan dobiSewa bilik awamLain-lain pendapatanKeuntungan dari, pertukaran matawangPengurangan peruntukan hutang ragu
(bersih daripada hutang ragu yang dipulih)
Tolak: PERBELANJAANKos makananKos minumanKos tembakau
Kos tenaga pekerja:Gaji dan Upah-KontrakElaun tetap dan lain-lain elaunUpah sementaraK.S.W.P.PERKESOMakanan pekerjaElaun lebih masaKebajikan kakitangan
Kos operasi:Perbelanjaan perjalananPengangkutanSetem posTelefon dan telegrafSewa peralatanSurat khabar dan majalahBahan apiKeperluan tetamuKeperluan barPembaikan dan penyenggaraan kelengkapanBayaran penyenggaraan kawasanPenghiasanBelanja pembersihanPemeriksaan dan lesenAlatulis dan percetakanPenggantian alat-alat kendalian
dan pakaian seragarnPelbagai perbelanjaanKeraian
1992RM
2,128,2052,743,688
150,55120,976
163,29524,85686,15983,161
9,051
1,873
5,411,815
964,07927,83917,151
1,009,069
800,70519,370
239,248117,062
9,811142,08363,736
4,213
1,396,228
2,5634,0383,204
115,96331,1238,936
63,07579,571
144,4323,009
59,54968,11712,987
156,641
159,07135,21316,545
1991RM
2,166,3182,039,106
119,83616,922
144,32028,70796,04649,94011,802
(32,659)
4,640,338
764,62340,01716,153
820,793
555,80629,562
257,27862,9837,065
82,74655,488
300
1,051,228
2,032789
1,916119,46241,734
9,78156,17597,505
307133,655
1,37953,75745,6817,039
104,455
215,6015,1098,575
Perbelanjaan promosi dan iklanPerbelanjaan banquetMusik dan hiburanKerosakan dan pecahanBelanja pungutanBelanja perubatanBelanja DobiBekalan dan alatanBayaran kawalan keselamatanHutang lapuk dilupuskan
Lain-lain belanja operasi:Caj pembiayaan pajakanAirElektrikPenyenggaraanSusutnilai harta tetap
KEUNTUNGAN BERSIH
1992RM
1991RM
75,6659,78363,33464,54446,89933,07392,67242,80744,17028,747
1,465,731
81,23410,26533,76850,68538,61317,90656,08679,35472,058
1,344,921
33,73435,177399,002213,117241,092
922,122
4,793,150
19,821359,783206,60968,780
654,993
3,871,935
618,665 768,403
ICTPGPERBADANAN PRODUKTIVm NEGARA
PENYATA PERUBAHAN KEDUDUKAN KEWANGANBAGITAHUN BERAKHIR 31HB DISEMBER1992
SUMBER DANAKelebihan pendapatan atas perbelanjaanPerkara-perkara yang tidak melibatkan
aliran kewangan:-Susutnilai harta tetapKerugian atas perjualan harta tetap
Sumber dana lain:Penerimaan dari Kerajaan PersekutuanPerolehan dari penjualan harta tetapSipiutang pajakan
PENGGUNAAN DANABayaran balik kepada Kerajaan PersekutuanPembelian harta tetapPerbelanjaan pembangunanBayaran sipiutang pajakan
1992RM
4,327,678
528,743(100)
4,856,321
2,100,00033,700
402,851
7,392,872
6,4003,999,712
247,87695,784
4,349,772
3,043,100
1991RM
3,791,160-
334,32821,420
4,146,908
4,586,0008,720
8,741,628
3,7003,010,524
36,000
3,050,224
5,691,404
PENAMBAHAN/ (PENGURANGAN) MODAL KERJAStokSiberhtttang perniagaanPelbagai siberhutangPinjaman dan pendahuluan kepada kakitanganCagaran dan bayaran terdahuluSipiutang perniagaanPelbagai sipiutang dan deposit
18,605(36,588)(126,000)(14,398)22,682154,038356,623
374,962
(26,471)128,956317,233280,03230,513
(278,760)(519,395)
(67,892)
PERGERAKAN DANA CAIR:Wang tunai di tangan dan di bankSimpanan tetap dengan bank berlesen
2,831,913(163,775)
2,668,138
(137,504)5,896,800
5,759,29~6
3,043,100 5,691,404
NOTA-NOTA KEPADA AKAUN31HB DISEMBER1992
1. AKTA PENUBUHAN
Perbadanan ini (dahulunya dikenali sebagai Pusat Daya Pengeluaran Negara) ditubuhkan di bawahAkta (Memperbadankan) Majlis Daya Pengeluaran Negara Bil. 19 pada tahun 1966, dan telah dipindapada tahun 1975 melalui Akta (Memperbadankan) Majlis Daya Pengeluaran Negara (Pindaan)(AktaA3051975) dan sekali lagi dipinda kepada Akta (Memperbadankan) Majlis Daya Pengeluaran Negara(Pindaan)(Akta A801 1991), dan ia dikenali sebagai Perbadanan Produktiviti Negara mulai IhbDisember 1991.
2. DASAR-DASAR PERAKAUNAN PENTING
a. Asas perakaunan
Akaun ini telah disediakan menurut kelaziman kos sejarah.
b. Susutnilai
Susutnilai untuk harta tetap dikira secara purata garis lurus bagi menghapuskan kos harta tetapsepanjang tempoh kegunaannya.
Kadar Susutnilai tahunan yang dikenakan ialah:-
Bangunan 5%Perabut dan kelengkapan 10%Alat kelengkapan dan mesin 20%Kenderaan 20%Ubahsuai 10%
c. Stok
St'ok dinilaikan pada kos menurut kaedah vmasuk-dahulu keluar-dahulu'.
d. Pertukaran matawang asing
Urusniaga dalam matawang asing pada tahun telah ditukarkan kepada Ringgit Malaysiamenurut kadar pertukaran berkenaan pada tarikh urusniaga itu. Matawang asing pada 31hbDisember 1992 ditukarkan mengikut kadar yang menghampiri kadar pertukaran yang wujudpada tarikh itu. Keuntungan dan kerugian diperolehi dari penukaran matawang asing telahdiambilkira di dalam akaun pendapatan dan perbelanjaan.
e. Pajakan
Harta yang dibiayai melalui pajakan yang memindahkan sebahagian besar risiko dan manfaatpemilikan kepada Perbadanan (iaitu pajakan kewangan) dimodalkan sebagai harta tetap dantanggungjawab yang berkaitan diambilkira sebagai tanggungan. Caj pembiayaan pajakanmodal dikenakan dalam akaun pandapatan dan perbelanjaan berasaskan kepada kaedah'angka hasil tambah' disepanjang tempoh pajakan tersebut.
Sewaan yang ditanggung di atas pajakan operasi dikenakan dalam akaun pandapatan danperbelanjaan berasaskan kepada akruan.
RIPEART A TETAP1992
Kos
RMPengurusan
Bangunan 51,423Perabot & Kelengkapan 1,071,213Alat Kelengkapan dan mesin 2,332,644Kenderaan 213,183Ubahsuai 560,280
4,228,743
PembangunanBangunan 12,256,757Perabot dan lengkapan 368,778Alat kelengkapan dan mesin 4,554,043Kenderaan 52,202
17,231,780
Kerja dalam kemajuan 7,185,627
28,646,150
1991 Kos
RM
PengurusanBangunan 51,423Perabot & lengkapan 707,716Alat kelengkapan dan mesin 1,603,379Kenderaan 213,183Ubahsuai 58,094
2,633,795Pembangunan
Bangunan 12,415,382Perabot dan lengkapan 128,465Alat kelengkapan dan mesin 3,984,879Kenderaan 52,202
16,580,928
Kerja dalam kemajuan 5,607,562
24,822,285
Susutanterkumpul
RM
22,663396,642
1,377,731127,21461,837
1,986,087
5,646,608122,424
4,058,04252,202
9,879,276
0
11,865,363
Susutanterkumpul
RM
20,092315,227
1,044,51084,5785,809
1,470,216
5,089,28985,547
3,853,97951,679
9,080,494
0
10,550,710
Nilai bukubersih
RM
28,760674,571954,91385,969
498,443
2,242,656
6,610,149246,354496,001
0
7,352,504
7,185,627
16,780,787
Nilai bukubersih
RM
31,331392,489558,869128,60552,285
1,163,579
7,326,09342,918
130,900523
7,500,434
5,607,562
14,271,575
Susutnilaibagi tahun
RM
2,57190,738
336,76942,63756,028
528,743
612,83736,87720,473
524
857,711
0
1,386,454
Susutnilaibagi tahun
RM
2,57156,747
226,56442,6375,809
334,328
620,76912,847
119,80710,440
763,863
0
1,098,191
10
Termasuk di dalam harta tetap Perbadanan adalah harta di bawah pajakan kewangan yangmempunyai nilai buku bersih sebanyak RM 322,281 (1991-Tiada).
Bangunan Ibu Pejabat dan Tanah
Bangunan Ibu Pejabat, Hotel dan tapak tanahnya yang diperuntukan oleh Kerajaan Persekutuantidak diambilkira dalam harta tetap pengurusan oleh kerana nilainya masih belum ditentukan olehpihak kerajaan. Tambahan pula, pindahmilik kepada nama Perbadanan masih belum dibuat.
Kerja Dalam Kemajuan
Ini merupakan kerja dalam proses pembinaan pejabat Wilayah Utara di Pulau Pinang dan WilayahSelatan di Johor Bahru. Hak milik tapak tanah pembinaan pejabat Wilayah Selatan di Johor Bahruyang diperuntukan oleh Kerajaan Persekutuan belum dipindah milik kepada perbadanan.
4. STOK1992RM
1991RM
Makanan dan minumanLain-lain bahan gunaan
36,87959,232
96,111
24,79752,709
77,506
5. SIBERHUTANG PERNIAGAAN
SiberhutangTolak: Peruntukan hutang ragu
1992RM
1456,50751,425
1,105,082
1991RM
1,180,12738,457
1,141,670
6. PINJAMAN DAN PENDAHULUAN KEPADA KAKITANGAN
Pinjaman kenderaanPinjaman perumahanLain-lain pendahuluan
7. SIPIUTANG PAJAKAN
Bayaran sewa pajak yang perlu dibayar oleh Perbadanandi masa hadapan
TOLAK: Caj pembiayaan pajakan di masa hadapan
Bayaran dalam tempoh 12 bulanBayaran selepas 12 bulan
1992RM
797,8193,9588,264
810,041
1992RM
345,846(38,779)
307,067
131,421175,646
1991RM
795,11410,62118,704
824,439
1991RM
_
0
_-
307,067
11
ICTPG8. KUMPULANWANG PENGURUSAN
Baki pada Ihb JanuariKelebihan pendapatan atas perbelanjaan
Baki pada 31hb Disember
9. KUMPULANWANG PEMBANGUNAN
1992
Baki pada Ihb Januari 1992Campur: Peruntukan dari Kerajaan
Persekutuan
Tolak: Perbelanjaan KendalianKerugian atas penjualan harta tetapPerkhidmatan iktisas dan lain-
lain perkhidmatan yang dibeliSusutan
Baki pada 31hb Disember 1992
1991
Baki pada Ihb Januari 1991Campur: Peruntukan dari Kerajaan
Persekutuan
Tolak: Perbelanjaan kendalian
Perkhidmatan iktisas dan lain-lain perkhidmatan yang dibeli
Susutan
Baki pada 31hb Disember 1991
InstitutPerhotelan
$4,775,597
0
4,775,597
0
0421,317
421,317
4,354,280
5,197,977
0
5,197,977
0422,380
422,380
4,775,597
1992RM
14,101,2804,327,678
18,428,958
BangunanIbu PejabatTambahan
$2,941,214
0
2,941,214
70,446
0227,146
297,592
2,643,622
3,176,291
0
3,176,291
0235,077
235,077
2,941,214
1991RM
10,310,1203,791,160
14,101,280
frojek KhasPembangunan
PerusahaanKecil
$40,736
0
40,736
0
020,807
20,807
19,929
86,493
0
86,493
045,757
45,757
40,736
ProjekPembangunan
kajianPengurusan
$532,112
0
532,112
0
049,827
49,827
482,285
592,761
0
592,761
060,649
60,649
532,112
12
ProjekP. Pinang
$8,786,000
300,000
9,086,000
0
84,40514,945
99,350
8,986,650
6,100,000
2,686,000
8,786,000
00
0
8,786,000
VideoProduktiviti
$564,000
0
564,000
0
149,3210
149,321
414,679
0
600,000
600,000
36,0000
36,000
564,000
PusatMaklumat& Galakan
$300,000
800,000
1,100,000
0
14,150123,669
137,819
962,181
0
300,000
300,000
00
0
300,000
FrojekJ. Bahru
$500,000
500,000
1,000,000
0
00
0
1,000,000
0
500,000
500,000
00
0
500,000
ProjekSarawak
500,000
500,000
1,000,000
0
00
0
1,000,000
0
500,000
500,000
00
0
500,000
Jumlah
18,939,659
2,100,000
21,039,659
70,446
247,876857,711
1,176,033
19,863,626
15,153,522
4,586,000
19,739,522
36,000763,863
799,863
18,939,659
13
ICTPGPERBAOANAN PRODUKTIVm NEGARA
10. PEMBERIAN KERAJAAN PERSEKUTUAN
Peruntukan Perbelanjaan Mengurus Tahun 1992, sebanyak $13,055,000 (1991-$10,763,000) telahdiluiuskan dan diterima daripada Kerajaan Persekutuan di dalam tahun tersebut.
11. YURAN LATIHAN / PERUNDINGAN
Ini merupakan yuran yang diterima dari kursus-kursus dan latihan serta perundingan yangdianjurkan oleh Perbadanan sepanjang tahun.
12. PERCUKAIAN
Cukai tidak diperuntukan di dalam akaun ini disebabkan Perbadanan ialah sebuah institusi yangdikecualikan dari cukai pendapatan sehingga tahun taksiran 2001. Pengecualian cukai ini tidakmeliputi pendapatan dividen dan cukai pembangunan.
13. PENGLIBATAN
Berikutan dengan Pekeliling Perkhidmatan Bill.6 tahun 1991 yang dikeluarkan oleh JabatanPerkhidmatan Awam pada Thb November 1991, Perbadanan perlu membayar tambahan sebanyak8 peratus ke alas gaji asas kakitangan yang layak mulai Ihb Januari 1989 hingga 31hb Disember1991. Jumlah yang kena dibayar pada tahun 1993 ialah sebanyak RM 375,527.
14. ANGKA BANDINGAN
Angka-angka bandingan yang tertentu telah diselaraskan bagi mengikuti persembahan tahunsemasa.
14
F I N A N C I A LS T A T E M E N T
PERBADANAN PRODUKTIVm NEGARA
CHIEF AUDITOR'S REPORT
The attached Balance Sheet, Income and Expenditure Accounts, Statement of Changes in FinancialPosition together with the Notes to the Accounts have been examined by under my instruction inaccordance with the Audit Act 1957. All reports and the required information and explanations havebeen obtained.
In my opinion, the Balance Sheet, Income and Expenditure Accounts, Statement of Changes in FinancialPosition together with the Notes to the Accounts are properly drawn up so as to show a true and fairview of the financial position of the National Productivity Corporation as at 31st December 1992transactions and changes in the financial position for the year ended on that date.
LIM SOK KIANGfor Chief Auditor
Kuala Lumpur18 September 1993
16
STATEMENT BY DIRECTORS
We, TAN SRI DATO' AZMAN HASHIM and IR HJ ARSHAD B HJ MARSIDI, being two Directors ofNational Productivity Corporation do hereby state that, in the opinion of the Board, the Balance Sheet,Income and Expenditure Accounts and Statement of Changes in the Financial Position, together with thenotes thereon set out on pages 18 to 28 are properly drawn up so as to give a true and fair view of thestate of affairs of the Corporation at 31st December 1992 and the result of its operations and the changesin its financial position for the year ended on that date.
On behalf of the Board
TAN SRI DATO' AZMAN HASHIMChairman
IR HJ ARSHDirector General
J MARSIDI
Dated : 7th August 1993
STATUTORY DECLARATION
I, ROKIAH BTE HJ MD NOR, being the officer primarily responsible for the financial management ofNational Productivity Corporation, do solemnly and sincerely declare that to the best of my knowledgeand belief the Balance Sheet, Income and Expenditure Accounts and Statement of Changes in FinancialPosition together with the notes thereon set out on pages 18 to 28 are correct, and I make this solemndeclaration conscientiously believing the same to be true by virtue of the provisions of the StatutoryDeclarations Act, 1960.
Subscribed and solemnly declared )by the abovenamed ROKIAH BTE HJ MD NOR )at Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan )on 7th August 1993 )
Before me
I AMMAN SAADCon imissioner For Oaths
ROKIAH BTE HJ MD NOR
17
RPGPERBADANAN PRODUKTIVITl NEGARA
BALANCE SHEET AT 31ST DECEMBER 1992
Notes
FIXED ASSETSCURRENT ASSETS
StocksTrade debtorsOther debtorsLoans and advances to staffDeposits and prepaymentsFixed Deposit with licensed banksCash in hand and at bank
1992RM
16,780,787
96,1111,105,082
450,547810,041110,185
17,933,0253,333,298
23,838,289
1991RM
14,271,575
77,5061,141,670
576,547824,43987,503
18,096,800501,385
21,305,850
LESS: CURRENT LIABILITIESTrade creditorsOther creditors and depositsLeasing creditors
NET CURRENT ASSETS
303,632795,093131,420
1,230,146
22,608,143
39,388,930
457,6701,151,716
1,609,386
19,696,464
33,968,039
Represented by:
ACCUMULATED FUNDSOperating FundDevelopment FundVehicle loan FundHousing loan Fund
LONG TERM LIABILITIES
18,428,95819,863,626
916,4004,300
39,213,284
175,646
39,388,930'
14,101,28018,939,659
916,40010,700
33,968,039
33,968,039
TAN SRI DATO' AZMAN HASHIMChairman
IR HJ ARSDirector General
J MARSIDI
The notes on pages 23 to 28 form part of these accounts
18
STATEMENT OF INCOME AND EXPENDITUREFOR THE YEAR ENDED 31ST DECEMBER 1992
INCOMEGrant from Federal GovernmentTraining feesInterest on housing and vehicle loansInterest on fixed depositsInterest from bankRental incomeMiscellaneous incomeProf it/(loss) from disposal
of fixed asset
Notes
1011
1992RM
13,055,0002,339,212
31,9441,254,796
84,65526,39551,294
100
16,843,396
1991RM
10,763,0001,862,955
23,582936,26441,6848,957
87,829
(21,420)
13,702,851
Less: EXPENDITURE
Salaries and wagesAllowances and other monetary benefitsSupplementary personnel costsOvertime payOther financial benefitsTravelling expensesTransportation of goodsCommunicationUtilitiesRental of premisesPrintingSupplies and materialRepairs and maintenanceProfessional and other services
and hospitalitiesAudit fees - current year.
-Under provision in respect of prior yearMembership feesInterest on loanBad debts written offProvision for doubtful debts (net of recoveries)Depreciation of fixed assetsQuit rent and assessment
SURPLUS FROM HOTEL OPERATIONS
SURPLUS FOR THE YEAR
6,091,974834,135942,30497,76922,543746,27747,530204,116371,838373,542444,541769,990562,298
1,093,4378,140
-170,845
7793,12914,841287,65146,704
4,730,488720,913675,11752,70218,252680,23485,959180,323320,509370,524323,964573,149377,329
951,6958,1403,140
165,7361,0081,550(8,682)
265,548182,496
13,134,383
3,638,567618,665
4,327,678
10,680,094
3,022,757768,403
3,791,160
TAN SRI DATO' AZMAN HASHIMChairman
IR HJ ARSH'Director General
J MARSIDI
The Notes on pages 23 to 28 form part of these accounts
19
KPGPERBADANAN PRODUKTIVIT1 NEGARA
INCOME AND EXPENDITURE ACCOUNTS - HOTEL OPERATIONSFOR THE YEAR ENDED 31ST DECEMBER 1992
INCOMERoom salesSales of foodSales of beveragesSales of tobaccoTelephone incomeLaundry incomePublic rooms rentalOther incomeGain on foreign exchangeReduction in provision for doubtful debts(net of doubtful debts recovered)
Less: EXPENDITURECost of foodCost of beveragesCost of tobacco
Manpower cost:Salary and wages - ContractAllowances and other monetory benefitsTemporary wagesE.P.F.PERKESOEmployees mealsOvertime payStaff welfare
Operational Cost:Travelling expensesTransportationPostageTelephone and telegrapicRental of equipmentNewspaper and magazinesFuel for cookingGuests suppliesBar suppliesRepairs and maintenanceGardening chargesDecorationCleaning expensesLicence and inspectionsStationaries and printingReplacement of operating equipment
and uniformsMiscellaneous expensesEntertainmentPromotions and advertising expensesBanquet expenses
1992RM
2,128,2052,743,688
150,55120,976
163,29524,85686,15983,161
9,0511,873
5,411,815
964,07927,83917,151
1,009,069
1,396,228
2,5634,0383,204
115,96331,1238,936
63,07579,571
144,4323,009
59,54968,11712,987
156,641
159,07135,21316,54575,6659,783
1991RM
2,166,3182,039,106
119,83616,922
144,32028,70796,04649,94011,802
(32,659)
4,640,338
764,62340,01716,153
820,793
800,70519,370239,248117,0629,811
142,08363,7364,213
555,80629,562257,27862,9837,06582,74655,488
300
1,051,228
2,032789
1,916119,46241,734
9,78156,17597,505
307133,655
1,37953,75745,681
7,039104,455
215,6015,1098,575
81,23410,265
20
1992RM
1991RM
Music and entertainmentSpoilages and breakagesCollection expensesMedical expensesLaundry expensesSupplies and materialsSecurity feesBad debts written off
63,33464,54446,89933,07392,67242,80744,17028,747
33,76850,68538,61317,90656,08679,35472,058
1,465,731 1,344,921
Other overheads:Lease financing chargesWaterElectricityMaintenance chargesDepreciation of fixed assets
NET PROFIT
33,73435,177
399,002213,117241,092
922,122
4,793,150
618,665
19,821359,783206,60968,780
654,993
3,871,935
768,403
21
PERBADANAN PRODUKTIVITI NEGARA
STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN FINANCIAL POSITIONFOR THE YEAR ENDED 31ST DECEMBER 1992
SOURCES OF FUNDSurplus of income over expenditureAdjustment for items not involving
movement of funds:-Depreciation of fixed assets(Profit)/Loss on sale of fixed assets
Other sources of fund:Grant from Federal GovernmentProceed from sale of fixed assetsLease creditors
APPLICATION OF FUND:Repayment to Federal Government - HousingPurchase of fixed assetsDevelopment expenditureRepayment of lease creditors
1992RM
4,327,678
528,743(100)
4,856,321
2,100,00033,700
402,851
7,392,872
6,4003,999,712
247,87695,784
4,349,772
3,043,100
1991RM
3,791,160
334,32821,420
4,146,908
4,586,0008,720
8,741,628
3,7003,010,524
36,000
3,050,224
5,691,404
INCREASE/ (DECREASE) IN WORKING CAPITALStocksTrade debtorsMiscellaneous debtorsLoans and advances to staffDeposits and prepaymentsTrade creditorsOthers creditors and deposits
18,605(36,588)
(126,000)(14,398)22,682
154,038356,623
374,962
(26,471)128,956317,233280,03230,513
(278,760)(519,395)
(67,892)
MOVEMENT IN LIQUID FUND:-Cash in hand and at bankFixed deposit with licensed banks
2,831,913(163,775)
2,668,138
3,043,100
(137,504)5,896,800
5,759,296
5,691,404
22
NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS - 31ST DECEMBER 1992
1. THE INCORPORATION ACT
The Corporation (formerly known as National Productivity Centre) was incorporated under The Act(Incorporation) of The National Productivity Council No. 19 in 1966 and was amended in 1975 throughthe Act (Incorporation) of The National Productivity Council (Amendment) (Act A3051975) and wasre-amended to the Act (Incorporation) of The National Productivity Council (Amendment) (Act A8011991) and then was subsequently known as National Productivity Corporation with effect from 1stDecember 1991.
2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
a. Accounting basis
The accounts have been prepared under the historical cost convention.
b. DepreciationFixed assets are depreciated on straight line method to write off the cost of the asset over theirestimated useful lifes.
The principal annual rates used are as follows:-
Buildings 5%Furniture and fittings 10%Machinery and equipment 20%Motor vehicles 20%Renovations 10%
c. Stocks
Stocks are valued at cost determined on the 'first-in first-out' method.
d. Foreign currency conversion
Foreign currency transactions during the year have been converted into Ringgit Malaysia atthe rate of exchange ruling on the transaction. Foreign exchange on 31st December 1992 wasconverted at the nearest prevailing rate on that date. All gains and and losses derived fromthe foreign exchange are accounted for in the income and expenditure accounts.
e. Leasing
Assets funded through leasing which assign a substantial part of the risk and benefits ofownership to the Treasury (i.e. financial leasing) are capitalised as fixed assets and relatedcommitments are taken into account as liabilities. Capital lease financing are charged intoincome and expenditure accounts based on "sum of income digit" method.
Rentals incurred on operations leasing are charged on income and expenditure accountsbased on accruals.
23
KIKE[XED ASSETS
1992
OperationsBuildingsFurniture and fittingsMachinery and equipmentMotor vehiclesRenovations
DevelopmentBuildingsFurniture and fittingsMachinery and equipmentMotor vehicles
Construction-in-progress
1991
OperationsBuildingsFurniture and fittingsMachinery and equipmentMotors vehiclesRenovations
DevelopmentBuildingsFurniture and fittingsMachinery and equipmentMotor vehicles
Construction-in-progress
Cost
RM
51,4231,071,2132,332,644
213,183560,280
4,228,743
12,256,757368,778
4,554,04352,202
17,231,780
7,185,627
28,646,150
Cost
RM
51,423707,716
1,603,379213,18358,094
2,633,795
12,415,382128,465
3,984,87952,202
16,580,928
5,607,562
24,822,285
AccumulatedDepreciation
RM
22,663396,642
1,377,731127,21461,837
1,986,087
5,646,608122,424
4,058,04252,202
9,879,276
0
11,865,363
AccumulatedDepreciation
RM
20,092315,227
1,044,51084,5785,809
1,470,216
5,089,28985,547
3,853,97951,679
9,080,494
0
10,550,710
Net BookValue
RM
28,760674,571954,91385,969
498,443
2,242,656
6,610,149246,354496,001
0
7,352,504
7,185,627
16,780,787
Net BookValue
RM
31,331392,489558,869128,60552,285
1,163,579
7,326,09342,918
130,900523
7,500,434
5,607,562
14,271,575
Depreciationfor the year
RM
2,57190,738
336,76942,63756,028
528,743
612,83736,87720,473
524
857,711
0
1,386,454
Depreciationfor the year
RM
2,57156,747
226,56442,6375,809
334,328
620,76912,847
119,80710,440
763,863
0
1,098,191
24
Included in the fixed assets of the Corporation are assets under lease financing with net book valueof RM 322,281 (1991-Nil)
Head Office building and land
The Hotel Head office building and its site location which was provided by the Federal Government,has not been taken up in fixed assets because the value has not been determined by the Government.In addition, transfer of title to the Corporation has not been effected by the Government.
Construction-in-progress
These include construction of office at Northern Region in Pulau Pinang and Southern Region inJohor Bahru. Title to the land allocated by the Federal Government in Johor Bahru on which theoffice for Southern Region is sited has not been transferred to the Corporation.
4. STOCKS1992RM
1991RM
Food and beveragesConsummables
36,87959,232
96,111
24,79752,709
77,506
5. TRADE DEBTORS
Trade debtorsLess : Provision for doubtful debts
1992RM
1,156,50751,425
1,105,082
1991RM
1,180,12738,457
1,141,670
6. LOANS AND ADVANCES TO STAFF
Car loanHousing loanAdvances
7. LEASE CREDITORS
Lease rental payable by the Corporationin the future
LESS: Future lease financing charges
Payable within 12 monthsPayable after 12 months
1992RM
797,8193,9588,264
1991RM
795,11410,62118,704
810,041
1992RM
345,846(38,779)
307,067
131,421175,640
307,067
824,439
1991RM
25
8. OPERATING FUND
Balance as at 1st JanuarySurplus over the year
Balance as at 31st December
9. DEVELOPMENT PROVIDENT FUND
1992
Balance as at 1st January 1992Add: Provision from Federal
Government
Less: Operating expenditureLoss from disposal of fixed assetsProfessional
and other servicesDepreciation of fixed assets
Balance as at 31st December 1992
1991
Balance at 1st January 1991Add: Grant from Federal
Government
Less: Operating expenditure
Professional andother services
Depreciation of fixed assets
Balance as at 31st December 1991
HotelInstitute
$
4,775,597
0
4,775,597
0
0421,317
421,317
4,354,280
5,197,977
0
5,197,977
0422,380
422,380
4,775,597
1992RM
14,101,2804,327,678
18,428,958
AdditionalHead Office
Building$
2,941,214
0
2,941,214
70,446
0227,146
297,592
2,643,622
3,176,291
0
3,176,291
0235,077
235,077
2,941,214
1991RM
10,310,1203,791,160
14,101,280
SpecialProject
Development ofSmall ScaleIndustries
$
40,736
0
40,736
0
020,807
20,807
19,929
86,493
0
86,493
045,757
45,757
40,736
Research andDevelopment
Project$
532,112
0
532,112
0
049,827
49,827
482,285
592,761
0
592,761
060,649
60,649
532,112
26
P. PinangProject
$
8,786,000
300,000
9,086,000
0
84,40514,945
99,350
8,986,650
6,100,000
2,686,000
8,786,000
00
0
8,786,000
ProductivityVideo
$
564,000
0
564,000
0
149,3210
149,321
414,679
0
600,000
600,000
36,0000
36,000
564,000
nagementInformation
Centre$
300,000
800,000
1,100,000
0
14,150123,669
137,819
962,181
0
300,000
300,000
00
0
300,000
J. BahruProject
$
500,000
500,000
1,000,000
0
00
0
1,000,000
0
500,000
500,000
00
0
500,000
SarawakProject
$
500,000
500,000
1,000,000
0
00
0
1,000,000
0
500,000
500,000
00
0
500,000
Total$
18,939,659
2,100,000
21,039,659
70,446
247,876857,711
1,176,033
19,863,626
15,153,522
4,586,000
19,739,522
36,000763,863
799,863
18,939,659
27
ICTPGPERBADANAN PRODUKTIVlTl NEGARA
10. FEDERAL GOVERNMENT GRANT
The operating budget for 1992 which amounted to RM13,055,000( 1991-RM10,763,000) was approvedand received from the Federal Government during the year.
11. TRAINING/CONSULTANCY FEES
These are fees received from courses and training and counsultancy sessions organised by theCorporation over the year.
12. TAXATION
Taxation is not included in the accounts as the Corporation is an institution exempted from incometax until the year 2001 assessment. This tax exemption does not include dividend income anddevelopment tax.
13. COMMITMENT
Pursuant to the "PEKELILING PERKHIDMATAN BIL 6 TAHUN 1991" issued by the Civil ServiceDepartment on 7th November 1991, the Corporation paid an additional of 8 per cent base salaryincrease of all its eligible employees from 1st January 1989 to 31st December 1991. The amountpayable for 1993 is RM375,527.
14. COMPARATIVE FIGURES
Certain comparative figures adjustments were based upon current year presentation.
28