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KULIAH 25 SEPTEMBER KULIAH 25 SEPTEMBER 2010 2010

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Page 1: KULIAH 25 SEPTEMBER 2010. Hasil Pembelajaran Di akhir kursus ini pelajar dapat: Menggabungjalinkan model-model kualiti dengan proses jaminan kualiti dalam

KULIAH 25 SEPTEMBER KULIAH 25 SEPTEMBER 20102010

Page 2: KULIAH 25 SEPTEMBER 2010. Hasil Pembelajaran Di akhir kursus ini pelajar dapat: Menggabungjalinkan model-model kualiti dengan proses jaminan kualiti dalam

Hasil Pembelajaran Hasil Pembelajaran

Di akhir kursus ini pelajar dapat:Di akhir kursus ini pelajar dapat:• Menggabungjalinkan model-model kualiti Menggabungjalinkan model-model kualiti

dengan proses jaminan kualiti dalam pendidikan dengan proses jaminan kualiti dalam pendidikan tinggi.tinggi.

• Mempamerkan perlakuan profesional dalam Mempamerkan perlakuan profesional dalam pengurusan kualiti.pengurusan kualiti.

• Mensintesis sistem pengurusan kualiti sedia Mensintesis sistem pengurusan kualiti sedia ada.ada.

Page 3: KULIAH 25 SEPTEMBER 2010. Hasil Pembelajaran Di akhir kursus ini pelajar dapat: Menggabungjalinkan model-model kualiti dengan proses jaminan kualiti dalam

SCHOOL TRANSFORMATION PROGRAM

HIGH PERFORMANCE

SCHOOLS

CLUSTER OF EXCELLENCE

SCHOOLS

SCHOOLS

7,655 PRIMARY

2,189 SECONDARY

SCHOOL RATING

1. Ethos

2. Character

3. Exceptional in all aspects of education

4. Academic excellence

5. Recognitions

6. Alumni support

7. International networking

INCENTIVES

1. Financial

2. Options on human capital

3. Accelerated promotion for students

4. Promotion for principals and teachers

Page 4: KULIAH 25 SEPTEMBER 2010. Hasil Pembelajaran Di akhir kursus ini pelajar dapat: Menggabungjalinkan model-model kualiti dengan proses jaminan kualiti dalam

Matlamat pengajian tinggi

• Menghasilkan graduan yang berpengetahuan dan kompeten dalam bidang pengajian serta berkemampuan untuk menggunakan pengetahuan kepada amalan.

• Graduan berinovatif, mempunyai kebolehan kognitif yang tinggi (berfikiran analitikal dan kritikal, berupaya menyelesaikan masalah dan penaakulan).

• Menguasai pelbagai bahasa dan keupayaan berkomunikasi dengan berkesan serta celik teknologi, menghayati nilai-nilai murni sebagai asas kehidupan.

• Mampu untuk memberikan sumbang bakti kepada masyarakat, negara dan dunia.

Page 5: KULIAH 25 SEPTEMBER 2010. Hasil Pembelajaran Di akhir kursus ini pelajar dapat: Menggabungjalinkan model-model kualiti dengan proses jaminan kualiti dalam

PELAN STRATEGIK

• Meluaskan akses dan meningkatkan ekuiti;• Menambah baik kualiti pengajaran dan

pembelajaran;• Memperteguh penyelidikan dan inovasi;• Memperkasakan institusi pengajian tinggi;• Mempergiatkan pengantarabangsaan;• Membudayakan pembelajaran sepanjang hayat;• Mengukuhkan sistem penyampaian KPT.

Page 6: KULIAH 25 SEPTEMBER 2010. Hasil Pembelajaran Di akhir kursus ini pelajar dapat: Menggabungjalinkan model-model kualiti dengan proses jaminan kualiti dalam

HIGHER EDUCATION STRATEGIC PLAN 2007-2010

SEVEN STRATEGIC THRUST:

1. Increasing access and equity

2. Improving teaching and learning quality

3. Enhancing research and innovation

4. Strengthening HEI

5. Increasing internationalization

6. Enculturation of life long learning

7. Strengthening delivery by MOHE

Page 7: KULIAH 25 SEPTEMBER 2010. Hasil Pembelajaran Di akhir kursus ini pelajar dapat: Menggabungjalinkan model-model kualiti dengan proses jaminan kualiti dalam

TRANSFORMING PUBLIC TRANSFORMING PUBLIC UNIVERSITIESUNIVERSITIES

APEX UNIVERSITIES

RESEARCH UNIVERSITIES

COMPREHENSIVE UNIVERSITIES

UNIVERSITY RATING

1. By 2020 one in world top 50 universities and three in world top 100

2. Current status - one in world top 200 and three in top 400

SPECIALIZED UNIVERSITIES

(Technical, Education,

Management, Defense)

WORLD CLASS STATUS

•Research focus

•Competitive entry

•Quality lecturers

•1 undergrad: 1 postgraduate student

•Comprehensive field

•Competitive entry

•Quality lecturers

•70 undergrad: 30 postgraduate

•Specialized field

•Competitive entry

•Quality lecturers

•70 undergrad: 30 postgraduate

Page 8: KULIAH 25 SEPTEMBER 2010. Hasil Pembelajaran Di akhir kursus ini pelajar dapat: Menggabungjalinkan model-model kualiti dengan proses jaminan kualiti dalam

KATEGORI PEMANTAUAN KUALITI

• AKREDITASI – establishment or revalidation of status, legitimacy of institution, program, module of study.

• AUDIT – process of checking to ensure specified practices and procedures are in place.

• PENILAIAN – measure the level of quality inputs, processes and sometime outputs.

• PEMANTAUAN STANDARD – monitor standards on programs by regulatory or professional bodies.

• TINJAUAN PELANGGAN – feedback from students, employees as indicators of service provision.

Page 9: KULIAH 25 SEPTEMBER 2010. Hasil Pembelajaran Di akhir kursus ini pelajar dapat: Menggabungjalinkan model-model kualiti dengan proses jaminan kualiti dalam

AGENSI KELAYAKAN MALAYSIAAGENSI KELAYAKAN MALAYSIA

• Badan bertanggungjawab membentuk dasar, mengawasi, mengkaji semula dan menyelia standard dan kualiti kursus pengajian, sijil, diploma dan ijazah bagi tujuan pengakreditan.

Page 10: KULIAH 25 SEPTEMBER 2010. Hasil Pembelajaran Di akhir kursus ini pelajar dapat: Menggabungjalinkan model-model kualiti dengan proses jaminan kualiti dalam

Quality models in higher education

1. Malcom Baldridge National Quality Award

2. ISO 9000 and other standards

3. EFQM

4. Balanced Scorecard

5. Benchmarking

6. Total Quality Management

Page 11: KULIAH 25 SEPTEMBER 2010. Hasil Pembelajaran Di akhir kursus ini pelajar dapat: Menggabungjalinkan model-model kualiti dengan proses jaminan kualiti dalam

• Refers to the methodologies and tools that help businesses manage customer relationships in an organized way.

• CRM processes identify and target the best CRM processes identify and target the best customers, generate quality sales, and help customers, generate quality sales, and help organizations to plan and implement marketing organizations to plan and implement marketing campaigns with clear goals and objectives. campaigns with clear goals and objectives.

• Individualized relationships with customers and Individualized relationships with customers and provide the highest level of customer service to provide the highest level of customer service to the most profitable customers.the most profitable customers.

• Aim to improve customer satisfaction.Aim to improve customer satisfaction.

Page 12: KULIAH 25 SEPTEMBER 2010. Hasil Pembelajaran Di akhir kursus ini pelajar dapat: Menggabungjalinkan model-model kualiti dengan proses jaminan kualiti dalam

Customer Relationship Management (CRM)Customer Relationship Management (CRM)

• Customer Relationship Management is a comprehensive strategy and process of acquiring, retaining, and partnering with selective customers to create superior value for the company and the customer. It involves the integration of marketing, sales, customer service, and the supply-chain functions of the organization to achieve greater efficiencies and effectiveness in delivering customer value.

• The purpose is to improve marketing productivity.

Atul Parvatiyar & Jagdish N. Sheth (2001)

Page 13: KULIAH 25 SEPTEMBER 2010. Hasil Pembelajaran Di akhir kursus ini pelajar dapat: Menggabungjalinkan model-model kualiti dengan proses jaminan kualiti dalam

Customer Relationship Management (CRM)Customer Relationship Management (CRM)

• Example: a comparison of a local grocery store where the seller has a good understanding of the needs of individual customers and maintain a long-term relationships.

• How about in education sector? Can you give example about this?

Page 14: KULIAH 25 SEPTEMBER 2010. Hasil Pembelajaran Di akhir kursus ini pelajar dapat: Menggabungjalinkan model-model kualiti dengan proses jaminan kualiti dalam

Review of literatureReview of literature

• For practitioners, CRM represents an enterprise approach to developing full-knowledge about customer behavior and preferences and to developing programs and strategies that encourage customers to continually enhance their business relationship with the company.

• Marketing scholars are studying the nature and scope of CRM to formulate strategies and processes for customer classification and selectivity; one-to one relationships with individual customers; key account management and customer business development processes; frequency marketing, loyalty programs, cross-selling and up-selling opportunities; and various forms of partnering with customers including co-branding, joint-marketing, and other forms of strategic alliances.

• Atul Parvatiyar & Jagdish N. Sheth (2001)

Page 15: KULIAH 25 SEPTEMBER 2010. Hasil Pembelajaran Di akhir kursus ini pelajar dapat: Menggabungjalinkan model-model kualiti dengan proses jaminan kualiti dalam

The Emergence of CRM Practice

• Growing de-intermediation process in many industries due to the advent of sophisticated computer and telecommunication technologies that allow producers to directly interact with end-customers.

• For example, in many industries such as the airline, banking, insurance, computer software, or household appliances industries and even consumables, the de-intermediation process is fast changing the nature of marketing and consequently making relationship marketing more popular.

Page 16: KULIAH 25 SEPTEMBER 2010. Hasil Pembelajaran Di akhir kursus ini pelajar dapat: Menggabungjalinkan model-model kualiti dengan proses jaminan kualiti dalam

The Emergence of CRM Practice

• Total quality movement. When companies embraced the Total Quality Management (TQM) philosophy to improve quality and reduce costs, it became necessary to involve suppliers and customers in implementing the program at all levels of the value chain.

• In the current era of hyper-competition, marketers are forced to be more concerned with customer retention and loyalty.

Page 17: KULIAH 25 SEPTEMBER 2010. Hasil Pembelajaran Di akhir kursus ini pelajar dapat: Menggabungjalinkan model-model kualiti dengan proses jaminan kualiti dalam

The Emergence of CRM Practice

• Customer expectations have been changing rapidly. Consumers are less willing to make compromises or trade-offs in product and service quality.

• Internationally oriented companies trying to become global by integrating their worldwide operations.

Page 18: KULIAH 25 SEPTEMBER 2010. Hasil Pembelajaran Di akhir kursus ini pelajar dapat: Menggabungjalinkan model-model kualiti dengan proses jaminan kualiti dalam

The Emergence of CRM Practice

• CRM focuses on automating and improving the institutional processes associated with managing customer relationships in the areas of recruitment, marketing, communication management, service, and support.

• In the case of a student, this might be seen through the interaction with and between the admissions, registration, financial aid, student accounts, and housing offices.

Page 19: KULIAH 25 SEPTEMBER 2010. Hasil Pembelajaran Di akhir kursus ini pelajar dapat: Menggabungjalinkan model-model kualiti dengan proses jaminan kualiti dalam

The Emergence of CRM Practice

• For a faculty or staff member, a CRM business strategy would optimize interaction with departments administering benefits, payroll, staff training, information technology (IT), or facilities.

• From the perspective of the college or university, the CRM business strategy provides a clear and complete picture of each individual and all the activities pertaining to the individual.

Page 20: KULIAH 25 SEPTEMBER 2010. Hasil Pembelajaran Di akhir kursus ini pelajar dapat: Menggabungjalinkan model-model kualiti dengan proses jaminan kualiti dalam

A CRM Process Framework

• A four-stage CRM process framework.• Comprised of the following four sub-processes: a

customer relationship formation process; a relationship management and governance process; a relational performance evaluation process, and a CRM evolution or enhancement process.

Page 21: KULIAH 25 SEPTEMBER 2010. Hasil Pembelajaran Di akhir kursus ini pelajar dapat: Menggabungjalinkan model-model kualiti dengan proses jaminan kualiti dalam

Figure 1: The CRM Process Framework

Purpose- Increase Effectiveness- Improve Efficiency

Program- Features & Offerings

Partners- Selection Criteria & Process

Formation Management and Governance

Performance

Team Structure

Role Specification

Communication

Common Bonds

Planning Process

Process alignment

Employee motivation

Monitoring process

Performance- Strategic Goals- Financial Goals- Marketing Goals• Loyalty• Satisfaction

Evolution- Enhancement- Termination

Page 22: KULIAH 25 SEPTEMBER 2010. Hasil Pembelajaran Di akhir kursus ini pelajar dapat: Menggabungjalinkan model-model kualiti dengan proses jaminan kualiti dalam

The Purpose of CRM and Its Operational Goals

• To improve marketing productivity and to enhance mutual value for the parties involved in the relationship.

• To enhance marketing effectiveness by carefully selecting customers for their various programs, by individualizing and personalizing their market offerings to anticipate and serve the emerging needs of individual customers.

• To fulfill consumers expectations and their goals related to efficiencies and effectiveness in their purchase and consumption behavior.

• To build customer loyalty and commitment and to develop new products, and to redefine the competitive playing field for the company.

Page 23: KULIAH 25 SEPTEMBER 2010. Hasil Pembelajaran Di akhir kursus ini pelajar dapat: Menggabungjalinkan model-model kualiti dengan proses jaminan kualiti dalam

Customer Relationship Management (CRM)Customer Relationship Management (CRM)

Two categories:• Operational CRM• Analytical CRM

Page 24: KULIAH 25 SEPTEMBER 2010. Hasil Pembelajaran Di akhir kursus ini pelajar dapat: Menggabungjalinkan model-model kualiti dengan proses jaminan kualiti dalam

Operational CRMOperational CRM

• Products, services and operational capabilities that enable the organization to take care of its customers.

• Examples: contact centers, data aggregation system, and web sites.

Page 25: KULIAH 25 SEPTEMBER 2010. Hasil Pembelajaran Di akhir kursus ini pelajar dapat: Menggabungjalinkan model-model kualiti dengan proses jaminan kualiti dalam

Analytical CRMAnalytical CRM

• Strategies and tools that drive customer-centric business decisions.

• Examples: business intelligent systems, data mining tools, and customer-tier strategies.

Page 26: KULIAH 25 SEPTEMBER 2010. Hasil Pembelajaran Di akhir kursus ini pelajar dapat: Menggabungjalinkan model-model kualiti dengan proses jaminan kualiti dalam

Categories of CRMCategories of CRM

• Marketing automation• Sales automation• Service and service fulfillment• Customer self-service• E-commerce

Page 27: KULIAH 25 SEPTEMBER 2010. Hasil Pembelajaran Di akhir kursus ini pelajar dapat: Menggabungjalinkan model-model kualiti dengan proses jaminan kualiti dalam

Marketing AutomationMarketing Automation

• Bringing technology to the marketing process.• CRM generates personalization, profiling,

telemarketing, e-mail marketing, and campaign management.

• Involves understanding what customers do and want, matching that knowledge with product and service information, presenting opportunities to customers and measuring success.

• Can you give examples in our education environment?

Page 28: KULIAH 25 SEPTEMBER 2010. Hasil Pembelajaran Di akhir kursus ini pelajar dapat: Menggabungjalinkan model-model kualiti dengan proses jaminan kualiti dalam

Sales AutomationSales Automation

• Sales involve direct transferring of products and services to customers.

• Put sales representatives in direct contact with customers.

• Campaign management, pricing.

• Can you give examples in our education environment?

Page 29: KULIAH 25 SEPTEMBER 2010. Hasil Pembelajaran Di akhir kursus ini pelajar dapat: Menggabungjalinkan model-model kualiti dengan proses jaminan kualiti dalam

Service and service fulfillment

• Encompasses the ability of the organizations to serve customers that they already have.

• E-mail response management, telephony capabilities, computer telephony integration, interactive voice response, and predictive dialing.

• Can you give examples in our education environment?

Page 30: KULIAH 25 SEPTEMBER 2010. Hasil Pembelajaran Di akhir kursus ini pelajar dapat: Menggabungjalinkan model-model kualiti dengan proses jaminan kualiti dalam

Customer self-service

• Aims to make the customer more active in self-service through web self-service, search, interactive chat, e-mail, call-me capabilities.

• Also known as e-CRM (electronic customer relationship management), involving internet access and wireless devices.

• Can you give examples in our education environment?

Page 31: KULIAH 25 SEPTEMBER 2010. Hasil Pembelajaran Di akhir kursus ini pelajar dapat: Menggabungjalinkan model-model kualiti dengan proses jaminan kualiti dalam

E-commerce

• Capabilities such as shopping, marketplace, transaction and payment processing, and security of transactions are the prime focus.

• Involving internet access and wireless devices.

• Can you give examples in our education environment?

Page 32: KULIAH 25 SEPTEMBER 2010. Hasil Pembelajaran Di akhir kursus ini pelajar dapat: Menggabungjalinkan model-model kualiti dengan proses jaminan kualiti dalam

e-CRM

Two components:• The use of direct-to-customer channels,

principally e-mail and web. Emerging trends are the use of ATMs and kiosks.

• Using IT to select relevant material to be presented to the customer, in terms of content, offers, and support information.

• Can you give examples in our education environment? Paying fees through internet.

Page 33: KULIAH 25 SEPTEMBER 2010. Hasil Pembelajaran Di akhir kursus ini pelajar dapat: Menggabungjalinkan model-model kualiti dengan proses jaminan kualiti dalam

e-CRM

The key points to e-CRM:• Fast service – customers are supposed to find

adequate information immediately.• Meaningful – customers expect content will be

presented in an interesting interactive and focused manner.

• Customer driven – information provided should be what customers want to know, not what the organization thinks customers might be interested in.

• Let’s try on UPM web page and check.

Page 34: KULIAH 25 SEPTEMBER 2010. Hasil Pembelajaran Di akhir kursus ini pelajar dapat: Menggabungjalinkan model-model kualiti dengan proses jaminan kualiti dalam

e-CRM Technology

The channels to e-CRM:• E-mail – however, can be voluminous and may

not be answered timely and in accurate fashion.• Web-form technology – web forms are

structured, pre-formatted static web pages with inputs fields that allow customers to fill out information. Simple and inexpensive interaction. However, there is a privacy intrusion.

• Chat technology – allows real time interactions with customers and is becoming more popular to replace the traditional phone call.

• Can you give examples?

Page 35: KULIAH 25 SEPTEMBER 2010. Hasil Pembelajaran Di akhir kursus ini pelajar dapat: Menggabungjalinkan model-model kualiti dengan proses jaminan kualiti dalam

8 Rules For Good Customer Service 1) Answer your phone. 2)2) Don’t make promises unless you WILL keep Don’t make promises unless you WILL keep

them. them. 3)3) Listen to your customers. Listen to your customers. 4)4) Deal with complaints. Deal with complaints. 5)5) Be helpful - even if there’s no immediate profit Be helpful - even if there’s no immediate profit

in it. in it. 6)6) Train staff to be ALWAYS helpful, courteous, Train staff to be ALWAYS helpful, courteous,

and knowledgeable. and knowledgeable. 7)7) Take the extra step. Take the extra step. 8)8) Throw in something extra. Throw in something extra.

Page 36: KULIAH 25 SEPTEMBER 2010. Hasil Pembelajaran Di akhir kursus ini pelajar dapat: Menggabungjalinkan model-model kualiti dengan proses jaminan kualiti dalam

Good Customer Service Is No Longer EnoughGood Customer Service Is No Longer Enough

• Customers have more options than ever before-Customers have more options than ever before-and feel less loyalty. and feel less loyalty.

• They want products and services fast, cheap, They want products and services fast, cheap, quick-from whoever will provide them. quick-from whoever will provide them.

• The competitive advantage is now in our ability The competitive advantage is now in our ability to KEEP customers and build repeat business to KEEP customers and build repeat business and this applies in education sector as well. and this applies in education sector as well.

Page 37: KULIAH 25 SEPTEMBER 2010. Hasil Pembelajaran Di akhir kursus ini pelajar dapat: Menggabungjalinkan model-model kualiti dengan proses jaminan kualiti dalam

Good Customer Service Is No Longer EnoughGood Customer Service Is No Longer Enough

• It has to be superior, It has to be superior, WOWWOW, unexpected service. , unexpected service. In a nutshell, it means doing what you say you In a nutshell, it means doing what you say you will, when you say you will, how you say you will, will, when you say you will, how you say you will, at the price you promised-plus a little extra at the price you promised-plus a little extra tossed. tossed.

Page 38: KULIAH 25 SEPTEMBER 2010. Hasil Pembelajaran Di akhir kursus ini pelajar dapat: Menggabungjalinkan model-model kualiti dengan proses jaminan kualiti dalam

ConclusionConclusion

• CRM refers to a conceptually broad phenomenon of business activity, and if the phenomenon of cooperation and collaboration with customers becomes the dominant paradigm of marketing practice and research, CRM has the potential to emerge as the predominant perspective of marketing which is also applicable to the education sector especially the higher education sector.