kertas konsep bahas bi ala parlimen sm

8/13/2019 Kertas Konsep Bahas BI Ala Parlimen SM

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FORSECONDARY SCHOOLS

RULES AND GUIDELINES

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION

MALAYSIA


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DATUK WIRA DR. ABDUL RAHMAN ARSHAD CHALLENGE TROPHY

ENGLISH LANGUAGE DEBATE COMPETITION

RULES AND GUIDELINES

1.0 Name

Datuk Wira Dr. Abdul Rahman Arshad Challenge Trophy English LanguageDebate Competition

2.0 Format

2.1 A team representing a school consists of 3 main debaters and 2reserves.

2.2 The proposition team is known as the Affirmative or the Governmentwhile the opposition team is known as the Negative or Opposition.

2.3 Allocation of time and speaking order:

TURN AFFIRMATIVE TURN NEGATIVE TIME

1 1st

Speaker 2 1st

Speaker 8 minutes3 2 nd Speaker 4 2 nd Speaker 8 minutes

5 3 rd Speaker 6 3 rd Speaker 8 minutes

8 Reply Speech

1 st / 2 nd Affirmative

7 Reply Speech

1 st / 2 nd Negative

4 minutes

2.4 The third debater from both teams shall not introduce any newarguments. Their role is mainly to rebut.

2.5 While the debater is speaking, the opposition team can offer Point(s)of Info rmation (formal interjections). The debater may accept ordecline it.

2.6 After all the debaters have spoken once, the 1 st or 2 nd debater of eachside gives a reply speech with the Negatives Reply Speech beingdelivered first followed by the Affirmative.

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3.0 Eligibility

3.1 The competition is open to all students from Form 1 to 5 from allgovernment-aided secondary schools under the purview of the Ministryof Education, Malaysia except residential schools.

3.2 A school is allowed to send only one team to participate in thecompetition.

3.3 Each team should comprise of at least one Bumiputera student(according to Article 153, The Malaysian Constitution) who is aspeaking member of the team. Exceptions should be made if thestudent population consists of a particular ethnic group as thedemographic in that school.

3.3.1 If there is evidence prior to, during or after the competitioncontrary to the declared status, the team will be disqualified.

3.4 Every member of a participating team should come from the same school. (Failure in doing so will result in disqualification)

4.0 Adjudication

4.1 A panel of at least 3 or 5 adjudicators will be appointed for all therounds at all levels. The final debate at the national level will beadjudicated by a panel of 5 adjudicators, appointed by the Division ofCo-curriculum and Arts, Ministry of Education.

4.2 Experienced adjudicators should be appointed and briefed on therules of adjudication at least an hour before the debate.

4.3 Adjudicators should not adjudicate the team from their own schools /districts / states unless there are no adjudicators available.

4.4 Points will be allocated according to the scoresheet.

4.5 The debate will be won by the team which scores a majority of votesfrom the adjudicators on the panel. Scores awarded by adjudicatorsare not to be added together to decide the winner. Adjudicatorsdecide the winner of the debate independently .

4.6 Immediately after a debate, the Speaker will collect the result slip fromthe Chief Adjudicator. There should be no discussions among theadjudicators when deciding the winner of the debate.

4.7 Once the scoresheets have been handed in, the adjudicators shallmeet and confer to decide on the Best Debater. They shall refer to the

adjudicator s comment sheets to decide on the winner.2


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4.8 Individual marks will not be disclosed.

4.9 Prizes

4.9.1 Plaques and certificates of achievement will be awarded to the

winning teams.

4.9.2 Certificates of participation will be awarded to all participatingteams.

5.0 Procedure of Debate

5.1 The Debate Process

5.1.1 The debate topics will be given to the competing teams 2 weeksbefore the competition.

5.1.2 The teams will draw the stand ONE hour before a debatecommences.

5.1.3 The draw should take place as scheduled.

5.1.4 Any team that is late would have to inform the organisers within5 minutes of the scheduled time, failure of which, the teamalready present will be allowed to draw and quarantine time willcommence. A grace period of not more than 30 minutes will begiven to the team that is late after which quarantine timecommences.

5.1.5 A team which is late (more than 5 minutes without informationon their whereabouts) would automatically take on the otherposition contrary to what the team already present has drawn.The time for quarantine commences.

5.1.6 The team will then be quarantined in their quarantine rooms forONE hour to prepare for the debate. The quarantine officers

must be in the room with the team.5.1.7 Only the team members competing (3 main debaters and 2

reserves) will be allowed in the quarantine room. The teammembers should not be in contact with any unauthorizedpersonnel.

5.1.8 The team is allowed to use their own printed reference materialsin the quarantine room. No electronic gadgets are allowed.

5.1.9 Teams are required to be seated at the debate venue(s) 5

minutes before the debate commences.3


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5.1.10 If any one team fails to show up 5 minutes after the quarantinetime, the team will be disqualified. A walk over will be awardedto the team that is present.

5.1.11 Marks will be deducted under strategy if there is promptingfrom any individual other than the debaters during thequarantine time and the debate competition.

5.2 The Role of the Chairperson / Speaker

5.2.1 Each team will be chaired by a Chairperson who will beaddressed as Mr. Speaker or Madam Speaker.

5.2.2 The Speaker is responsible for the smooth running of thedebate.

5.2.3 The Speaker will read out the rules of the debate and thenproceed to introduce the timekeeper, adjudicators and debaters.

5.2.4 The Speaker must refrain from making any commentsconcerning the debate or debaters during the debate.

5.2.5 The Speaker must ensure that the adjudicators be given enoughtime to fill in their marks and wait for the signal from the Chief

Adjudicator before the next debater is called.

5.3 The Role of the Timekeeper

5.3.1 The Timekeeper must ensure that each debater is given 8minutes to deliver his or her speech.

5.3.2 The Timekeeper will ring the bell once after the 1 st minute and atthe end of the 7 th minute to signal the time allocated for Points ofInformation. At the end of the 8 th minute, the bell will be rungtwice. (Placards may be used by the timekeeper to indicate the

remaining time left, at intervals of one minute.)5.3.3 A maximum time of 3 minutes will be given to both teams to

prepare for the Reply Speech.

5.3.4 During the Reply Speech, the Timekeeper will ring the bell onceat the 3 rd minute to signal that the debater has 1 minute left. Atthe end of the 4 th minute, the bell will be rung twice to signal theend of the debate.

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6.0 Points of Information

6.1 A Point of Information is a formal interjection. It can be:

i. a question

ii. a remarkiii. a clarificationiv. a correction of word(s) or statement(s).

6.2 A Point of Information may be offered by a member of the opposingteam from the 2 nd minute to the 7 th minute of the time allocated to thedebater. Points of Information are not allowed during the 1 st and finalminutes of the speech. A bell will be rung to signal the beginning andthe end of the time allocated for Points of Information.

6.3 A time limit of 15 seconds is allowed for each Point of Information.Therefore, the Points of Information put forth must be concise.

6.4 No heckling or harassment or barracking is allowed at any time duringthe debate.

6.5 Giving and taking Points of Information should be done politely. Adebater is required to raise his or her hand and to stand when puttingforth a Point of Information. Rude, abusive or aggressive behaviour inboth instances will lead to a reduction of marks from the STYLE section.

6.6 A debater may either accept the Point of Information or decline it. Ifaccepted, the opponent may make a short point or ask a question thatdeals with some issues of the debate (preferably one just made by thedebater).

6.7 A debater MUST give or take at least 2 Points of Information during thecourse of the debate.

6.7.1 A debater who does not offer the minimum number of Points ofInformation will be marked down for SUBSTANCE and

STRATEGY.6.7.1.1 Substance for failing to take advantage of

opportunities

6.7.1.2 Strategy for failing to understand the role of thedebater under this style

6.7.2 A debater who fails to accept any Points of Information would bemarked down for SUBSTANCE AND STRATEGY.

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6.7.2.1 Substance for failing to allow the other side to maketheir point

6.7.2.2 Strategy for not understanding the role of the debaterunder this style or cowardice in not accepting achallenge

6.8 No Points of Information may be offered during the Reply Speeches.

6.9 The Etiquette of presenting Points of Information (POI)

6.9.1 A Point of Information is offered by standing and saying Point ofInformation or something similar . The debater on the floor is notobliged to accept every point. He or she may

6.9.1.1 Ask the interrupter to sit down

6.9.1.2 Finish the sentence and then accept the point

6.9.1.3 Accept the point there and then.

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REFERENCE FOR THE SCORESHEET

1.0 Marks are awarded to each debater according to:

SUBSTANCESTRATEGYLANGUAGESTYLE

1.1 SUBSTANCE

1.1.1 Substance covers the arguments that are used and are divorced fromthe speaking style. It is as if you are seeing the arguments writtendown rather than spoken. You must assess the weight of thearguments without being influenced by the magnificence of the oratorwho presented them.

1.1.2 Substance also includes an assessment of the weight of the rebuttal orclash. This assessment must be done from the standpoint of theaverage reasonable person.

1.1.3 T he adjudicators job is to assess the strength of an argumentregardless of whether the other team is able to knock it down. If a teamintroduces weak arguments, it will not score highly in substance, evenif the other team does not refute. Two consequences flow from these.

1.1.4 First, if a major argument is plainly weak, an opposing team whichdoes not refute may well have committed greater sin than the teamwhich introduced it. In effect, the team has led the other team to getaway with a weak argument. This is not an automatic rule but it is truein many cases. Of course, it must be a major argument, not a minorexample which the opposing team correctly chooses to ignore in favourof attacking more significant points.

1.1.5 Second , adjudicators have to be careful not to be influenced by their

own beliefs or their own specialized knowledge. For example, if you area lawyer and you know that a teams argument was debunked by theInternational Court of Justice (ICJ) last week, you should probably nottake into account this special knowledge unless the ICJs decision wasa matter of extreme public notoriety.

1.2 STRATEGY

1.2.1 Strategy requires some attention. It covers two concepts:

1.2.1.1 the structure and timing of the speech and7


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1.2.1.2 whether the debater understood the issues of the debate.

1.2.2 Structure

A good speech has a clear beginning, middle and end. Along the way,

there are signposts to help us see where the debater is going. Thesequence of arguments is logical and flows naturally from point topoint. This is true of the first debater outlining the Governments caseas it is of the third debater rebutting the Governments case. Goodspeech structure, therefore, is one component of the strategy.

1.2.3 Timing is also important, but it must not be taken to extremes. Thereare two aspects of timing:

1.2.3.1 speaking within the allowed time limit and

1.2.3.2 giving an appropriate amount of time to the issues in thespeech

1.2.4 A debater ought to give priority to important issues and leaveunimportant ones to later. It is generally a good idea to rebut or beginwith an attack on the other side by subsequent debaters before goingon to the debaters own case. This is because it is more logical to getrid of the opposing arguments first before trying to put something in itsplace.

1.2.5 So, the adjudicator must weigh not only the strength of the argumentsin the SUBSTANCE category, but also the proper time and prioritygiven in the STRATEGY category.

1.2.6 Understanding the Issues

Closely related to the last point is that the debater should understandwhat the important issues were in the debate. It is a waste of time for arebuttal speaker to deal with points if crucial arguments are leftunanswered. Such a speaker would not understand the important

issues of the debate and should not score well in Strategy. By contrast,a speaker who understood what the issues were and dealt with themthoroughly should score well in Strategy.

1.2.7 It is very important that adjudicators understand the difference betweenStrategy and Substance. Imagine a debate where a debater answerscritical issues with some weak rebuttal. This debater should get poormarks for Substance because the rebuttal was weak but the debatershould get reasonable marks for Strategy because the right argumentswere being addressed.

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1.3 LANGUAGE

1.3.1 Language refers to using appropriate expressions containing correctsentence structures and grammar.

1.3.2 It also covers pronunciation, fluency, rhythm, intonation and clarity ofspeech. Of course, English being a foreign language here, adjudicatorsshould not be looking for Queens English in our debaters , but anyexpression which is mumbled or not clearly understood should notmerit high marks in the Language section.

1.3.3 On the other hand, any good language expression, including the use offigures of speech, idioms, etc. appropriate and apt to the occasion,may merit positive marks for Language.

1.4 STYLE

1.4.1 The term is rather misleading. Adjudicators are not looking for debaterswho are stylish.

1.4.2 Style covers the way the debaters speak. This can be noted in manyways, in funny accents, body language (movement, poise, meaningfulgestures and eye contact) and with the use of specific terminology. Betolerant of different ways of presenting arguments.

1.4.3 Use of palm cards and notes are allowed and should not be penalised,unless a debater is reading from them heavily.

1.4.4 Be tolerant of speaking styles and speed of delivery. Penalise onlywhen a debaters style has gone beyond what everyone would expect.

2.0 REBUTTAL

2.1 The use of general cases has consequences for rebuttal or clash. TheOpposition team cannot concentrate on attacking the examples used by theGovernment. The examples might be weak but the central case might still besound. Instead, the team will have to concentrate on that case because that iswhere the debate actually is.

2.2 There is another consequence for rebuttal. It may be that a team has used anumber of examples to illustrate the same point. If they can all be disposed offby the same piece of rebuttal, the rebutting team does not have to attack eachof the examples individually as well.

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3.0 THE REPLY SPEECH

3.1 The thematic approach to argument outlined above becomes critical in theReply Speeches. These have been described as an adjudication from ourside and really amount to an overview of the major issues in the debate.

3.2 A Reply speaker does not have time to deal with small arguments orindividual examples. The debater must deal with the two or three major issuesin the debate in global terms, showing how they favour the debaters teamand work against the opposing team. As a general rule, a Reply speaker whodescends to the level of dealing with individual examples probably does notunderstand either the issues of the debate or the principles of goodarguments.

4.0 POINTS OF INFORMATION

4.1 A Point of Information is offered in the course of speech by a member of theopposing team. The debater may either accept or decline. If accepted, theopponent may make a short point or ask a question that deals with someissues in the debate (preferably one just made by the debater). It is a formalinterjection.

4.2 Points of Information bring about a major change in the role of the debaters ina debate. In this style, each debater must take part from beginning to end, not

just during their own speech.

4.3 The debaters play this role by offering Points of Information. Even if the pointsare not accepted, they must still demonstrate that they are involved in thedebate by at least offering. A debater who takes no part in the debate otherthan by making a speech would be marked down for Substance and Strategy.

Note: The winning teams from the previous year may participate in the current year

but the text and presentation must not be an exact replica.

This concept paper is valid until further notification or revision from theMinistry of Education and can be used at all levels for competitions organizedby the Ministry.

Division of Co-curriculum and ArtsMinistry of Education, Malaysia

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LIST OF EXPRESSIONS TO REQUEST, ACCEPT OR DECLINE

POINTS OF INFORMATION

TO REQUESTi. Point of Information, please.ii. Point of Information.iii. P.O.I. please.iv. P.O.Iv. Point.

TO ACCEPTi. Yes.ii. Yes, please.iii. Yes, Sir / Miss.iv. Please.v. Please go ahead.vi. Yes, accepted.

TO DECLINEi. No, thank you.ii. No, thanks.iii. Denied.iv. Sorry, Sir / Miss.v. Sorry.

If the opponent (during his / her Point (s) of information) is taking too much of yourtime, you can ask him / her to sit down if he / she has exceeded the 15 seconds timelimit.

You may use these expressions:

i. Please sit down, Sir / Miss. You are taking too much of my time.ii. You are taking too much of my time. Please sit down.iii. Kindly sit down. You have exceeded the time limit for POI.iv. Your time limit is up.

*** Please note that it is of utmost importance that debaters be polite at all timesduring the course of the debate especially when accepting or declining Point(s) ofInformation.

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GLOSSARY1. adjudicator - a person called to judge a debate to determine the winner

2. barracking - to criticize loudly, shout or jeer against a team or debater

3. case line - please refer to Stand

4. clarification - to seek further information or explanation on matters

5. comment sheet- a sheet where the adjudicators write his / her commentsduring the proceedings of the debate

6. confer - to discuss and come to a consensus decision

7. electronic gadgets- electrical items such as computers, handphones, radios,MP3, digital media players, etc.

8. harassment - to trouble, torment or confuse by continual persistentattacks, questions, etc.

9. heckling - to interrupt by taunts

10. majority vote - the winner is determined by the number of votes given tothe winning team

11. marked down - please refer to the reduction of marks

12. point(s) of - a formal interjection where the opposing team can askinformation questions, clarify, make a remark or correct a word or

statement

13. rebuttal - to refute or disprove the opponents argu ments byoffering contrary contentions or arguments

14. reply speech - an arena where a debater will sum up the teams arguments and then rebut the opposing team s majorarguments brought up during the debate

15. reduction of marks- in Parliamentary Style Debate marks are not deductedfrom a teams or individuals marks but are reduced

16. Speaker - a person who chairs a debate and ensures the smoothrunning of the proceedings

17. stand - from which angle the team is going to argue the case

18. strategy - how each team member work together to argue the case

19. substance - the arguments presented during the debate12


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DATUK WIRA DR. ABDUL RAHMAN ARSHADCHALLENGE TROPHY

ENGLISH LANGUAGE DEBATE COMPETITIONFOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS

TIMING

Role Time

1 st Government

1 st Opposition

2 nd Government

2 nd Opposition

3 rd Government

3 rd Opposition

Reply Speech

(Opposition)

Reply Speech(Government)

Timekeepers Name Signature

Date


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DATUK WIRA DR. ABDUL RAHMAN ARSHAD CHALLENGE TROPHYENGLISH LANGUAGE DEBATE COMPETITION TEAM : GOVERNMENTFOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS ADJUDICATORS SCORE SHEET

SCHOOL/STATE : TOPIC :

ROLE 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 1 2NAME

NAMEFIRST GOVERNMENT SECOND GOVERNMENT THIRD GOVERNMENT REPLY SPEECH

MARKS 26-30 21-25 16-20 11-15 6-10 26-30 21-25 16-20 11-15 6-10 26-30 21-25 16-20 11-15 6-10 14-15 12-13 10-11 8-9 6-7

SUBSTANCE(30)

STRATEGY(30)

MARKS 18-20 15-17 12-14 9-11 6-8 18-20 15-17 12-14 9-11 6-8 18-20 15-17 12-14 9-11 6-8 9-10 7-8 5-6 4 3

LANGUAGE(20)

STYLE(20)

TOTAL (100) 86-100 70-85 56-69 40-55 24-39 86-100 70-85 56-69 40-55 24-39 86-100 70-85 56-69 40-55 24-39 45-50 36-44 30-35 24-29 18-23

GRAND TOTAL : /350 WINNING TEAM : GOVERNMENT/OPPOSITION

ADJUDICATORS NAME :

ADJUDICATORS SIGNATURE : DATE :


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DATUK WIRA DR. ABDUL RAHMAN ARSHAD CHALLENGE TROPHYENGLISH LANGUAGE DEBATE COMPETITION TEAM : OPPOSITIONFOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS ADJUDICATORS SCORE SHEET

SCHOOL/STATE : TOPIC :

ROLE 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2NAME

NAMEFIRST OPPOSITION SECOND OPPOSITION THIRD OPPOSITION REPLY SPEECH

MARKS 26-30 21-25 16-20 11-15 6-10 26-30 21-25 16-20 11-15 6-10 26-30 21-25 16-20 11-15 6-10 14-15 12-13 10-11 8-9 6-7

SUBSTANCE(30)

STRATEGY(30)

MARKS 18-20 15-17 12-14 9-11 6-8 18-20 15-17 12-14 9-11 6-8 18-20 15-17 12-14 9-11 6-8 9-10 7-8 5-6 4 3

LANGUAGE(20)

STYLE(20)

TOTAL (100) 86-100 70-85 56-69 40-55 24-39 86-100 70-85 56-69 40-55 24-39 86-100 70-85 56-69 40-55 24-39 45-50 36-44 30-35 24-29 18-23

GRAND TOTAL : /350 WINNING TEAM : GOVERNMENT/OPPOSITION

ADJUDICATORS NAME :

ADJUDICATORS SIGNATURE : DATE :


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DATUK WIRA DR. ABDUL RAHMAN ARSHAD CHALLENGE TROPHY

ENGLISH LANGUAGE DEBATE COMPETITION

FOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS

NATIONAL LEVEL YEAR : __________

REPLY SPEECH

OPPOSITION GOVERNMENTREBUTTAL REBUTTAL

SUMMARY SUMMARY


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DATUK WIRA DR. ABDUL RAHMAN ARSHAD CHALLENGE TROPHYENGLISH LANGUAGE DEBATE COMPETITION


ELABORATIONS ON ASPECTS OF ADJUDICATION

1. SUBSTANCE

Arguments divorced from speaking style

Assess weight of rebuttal Assess points of argument Assess weight of argument without influence of oratory

2. STRATEGY

Covers structure and time Good speech has beginning, middle and ending Speaking within the time limit Appropriate amount of time given to issues in the speech Focus of rebuttal mainly on main issues presented in the debate Critical issues with weak rebuttal would mean lower score for SUBSTANCE but reasonable marks may be

awarded for STRATEGY because the right arguments were addressed

3. LANGUAGE Appropriate expression Correct sentence structure and grammar Pronunciation, fluency, rhythm, intonation and clarity Good language and expression appropriately used e.g. idioms and figures of speech

4. STYLE

Presentation on the way the debaters speak include body language, eye contact and voice modulation. (Be tolerant ofspeaking style and speed of delivery)


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FORSECONDARY SCHOOLS

RESULTS

MINISTRY OF EDUCATIONMALAYSIA


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RESULT (Adjudicators vote)

WINNING TEAM

TEAM : GOVERNMENT / OPPOSITION

Adjudicators Signature : 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5

_____________________________( )


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DATUK WIRA DR. ABDUL RAHMAN ARSHAD CHALLENGE TROPHY ENGLISH LANGUAGE DEBATE COMPETITION



VOTING

BEST DEBATER

Name Signature

Chief Adjudicator : .. ..

Adjudicator 1 : .. ..




Date : ..

DEBATER Adjudicator1

Adjudicator2

Adjudicator3

Adjudicator4

Adjudicator5


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RESULT

BEST DEBATER


NAME : _________________________

SCHOOL/STATE : _________________________

CHIEF ADJUDICATOR

SIGNATURE : ________________________( )


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RESULT

TEAMPRELIMINARY / QUARTER FINAL / SEMI FINAL / FINAL

School / State

WINNING TEAM

BEST DEBATER


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RESULT

WINNING TEAM


Name Signature

Chief Adjudicator : . . ..





Date : ..

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