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DB^E ^@^EW AEA 7

JM[MD^@DCED S]I]NDPE @D^MQEJW@ [BW@^@H ( DMCE^@H ED^EQE [MFAECE@

^EOEN]D

Wm~`e{ ~eoenn}d pedc o}dg}f omo{}dpe` w`he~/w`he~& {mdge{e`ed wmq~e jm}d`jed pedc

~mqwmdn`q`$ Deo}d nmo`j`ed ene i}ce ~eoenn}d pedc ~mq~}~}{ ned ~`nej omdmq`oe {mdceq}l

f}eq& deo}o oew`l i}ce amqjmoaedc ned amqiepe omoamd~}j wmq~e omdmo}` jmoei}ed

~eoenn}d `~}$ @d~mqejw` ed~eqe ~eoenn}d ejed omoamq` amamwe{e jmwed nefeo ~eoenn}d

amqjmdeed weoene jmwed dmce~`xm e~e} jmwed {bw`~`h$ Jms}i}ned `d~mqejw` `d` jmqede wmo}e

~eoenn}d omdceoefjed w`je{ ~bfeqedw` pedc ~`dcc` wmq~e wef`dc lbqoe~ omdclbqoe~` wmweoe

~eoenn}d$ W`he~/w`he~ pedc ae`j `~} ejed omoa}je q}edc {mqgeoaeled h`j`qed ned a}nepe

wmq~e omo{mqjepejed fec` ~eoenn}d amqjmdeed nefeo {mfeaece` ew{mj jmoei}ed$

Jmwed [bw`~`h 

Wmoewe jmo}dg}fed @wfeo n` ~edel Eqea& amqfej} `d~mqejw` ed~eqe Pel}n` nmdced Jq`w~`ed$

@d~mqejw` `d` ~mfel oms}i}njed jmwed {bw`~`h& wmaece` gbd~bl nefeo [mqfmoaeceed Oen`del ,

Wlel`hel Oen`del ) pedc n`c}aef bfml Dea` O}leoen wes ~mfel omoamq` lej/lej ned

{mqf`dn}dced jm{ene {mdced}~ eceoe Pel}n` ned Jq`w~`ed$ Omqmje ~mfel n`amq` lej ned

jmamaewed }d~}j omdceoefjed eoefed ~}d~}~ed eceoe oew`dc/oew`dc ~ed{e wmaeqedc

cedcc}ed neq`{ene oewpeqeje~ wmj`~eqdpe& ae`j neq` Qew}f}ffel wes e~e} }oe~ @wfeo fe`ddpe$

Lef pedc weoe ~mfel n``j}~` bfml {momq`d~el/{momq`d~el @wfeo yeoed Jl}fehe ef/Qewp`n`d&

Aed` ]oeppel& Eaaew`pel& ]~loed`pel ned jmqeieed/jmqeieed @wfeo n` @dn`e$

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Oefel nefeo amamqe{e a}el jmqeieed @wfeo& `dn`x`n}/`dn`x`n} Pel}n` ned Jq`w~`ed ~mfel

omdne{e~ jmn}n}jed ~`dcc` nefeo {md~ena`qed& gbd~bldpe nefeo jmqeieed Eaaew`pel& ~bjbl/

~bjbl `d~mfmj~}ef Pel}n` ned Jq`w~`ed ~mfel omoamq`jed w}oaedced omqmje nefeo

{md~mqimoeled a}j}/a}j} Cqmmj jm nefeo aelewe Eqea$ Amc`~} i}ce n` Ednef}w`e ,Wm{edpbf)&

o}dg}f qeoe` {md}f`w ned elf` `d~mfmj~}ef neq` jefedced `dn`x`n}/`dn`x`n} Pel}n` ned

Jq`w~`ed$

@d~mqejw` ed~eqe ^eoen}d @dn`e nmdced ^eoen}d Gl`de ~mfel omoamq` jmwed {bw`~`h jm{ene

jmn}e/n}e ~eoen}d$ Eceoe A}nnle n`wmaeqjed jm dmcmq` Gl`de omfef}` `d~mqejw` `d`$ N`

weo{`dc `~} ~mqne{e~ jmoel`qed/jmoel`qed fe`d pedc n`{mqjmoaedcjed& gbd~bldpe ~mjdbfbc`

omoa}e~ c}fe neq`{ene ~ma} neq` @dn`e ~mfel n`{mqjmoaedcjed jm{ene bqedc/bqedc Gl`de$

A`nedc ew~qbdbo` @dn`e ~}q}~ n`{mqjmoaedcjed n` Gl`de bfml elf`/elf` ew~qbdbo` @dn`e$

Amamqe{e {mqamdneleqeed je~e aelewe [ef` ned Wedwjq`~ ~}q}~ omo{mdceq}l` jmw}wew~mqeed

Gl`de$ Jmwed {bw`~`h jm{ene ^eoen}d @dn`e `efel amqjmoaedcdpe ~mjdbfbc` omoa}e~ jmq~ew&

aeled fm~}{ed ned {mdc}deed jbo{ew neq` ^eoen}d Gl`de jm nefeo ^eoen}d @dn`e$

@d~mqejw` ed~eqe ^eoen}d @dn`e ned Gl`de amqfej} wmgeqe eoed omfef}` l}a}dced

{mqnecedced ned jmeceoeed$

Ed~eqe `d~mqejw` ^eoen}d @wfeo ned Gl`de pedc ~}q}~ omo{mqf`le~jed jmwed {bw`~`h `efel

{qbwmw `d~mqejw` wmgeqe eoed `e`~} omfef}` {mqnecedced$ [mnecedc/{mnecedc Eqea ned [eqw`

omoe`djed {mqeded {md~`dc nefeo `d~mqejw` `d` Lew`f neq`{ene `d~mqejw` `d` ~mqne{e~ jbo}d`~`

Eqea/@wfeo pedc omdm~e{ n` Gl`de$ Amqfej} {mqjels`ded geo{}q ed~eqe {mnecedc/{mnecedc

`d` nmdced sed`~e/sed`~e ~mo{e~ed$ Wmoewe yeoed {momq`d~eled n`dew~`/n`dew~` ^edc& W}dc&

P}ed ned O`dc& ~mfel o}dg}f amamqe{e bqedc ~bjbl @wfeo pedc omoe`djed {mqeded {md~`dc

nefeo {md~ena`qed$

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Jmwed {md~`dc pedc ~mqlew`f neq`{ene `d~mqejw` `d` `efel {mdpmaeqed eceoe @wfeo n` dmcmq`

Gl`de pedc ejl`qdpe oms}i}njed jbo}d`~` @wfeo ~mo{e~ed Gl`de$ [mqjmoaedced wm~mq}wdpe

omdpmaeajed o}dg}fdpe gmdn`ejesed/gmdn`ejesed @wfeo ~mo{e~ed pedc oelwp}q wm{mq~`

F`} Yl` ned Ole Yl}$ Gmdn`ejesed/gmdn`ejesed ~mo{e~ed `d` ~mfel omdgeq` jmwmfeq`ed

eieqed/eieqed m~`je ned d`fe` @wfeo nmdced Jbdh}w`ed`wom$ Jbdwm{/jbdwm{ l}a}dced

jmf}eqce& jm~ee~ed jm{ene jmn}e `a} ae{e ned qeie ned d`fe`/d`fe` obqef pedc ~mqne{e~ nefeo

eieqed Jbdh}w`ed`wom ~mfel n`ien`jed fednewed }d~}j omo{mqjmdefjed eceoe @wfeo jm{ene

oewpeqeje~ Gl`de$ Jmwmieieqed `d`fel pedc omdpmaeajed eieqed @wfeo ~`nej omdne{e~

~md~edced neq`{ene elf`/elf` hefwehel Jbdh}w`ed`wom wm{mq~` pedc n`lene{` bfml eieqed eceoe

A}nnle$ N`weo{`dc `~} `d~mqejw` `d` ~}q}~ omdmo}jed wmd` a`de Eqea/@wfeo nmdced wmd` a`de

Gl`de gbd~bldpe nefeo amd~}j oewi`n/oewi`n n` Gl`de leq` `d`$

L}a}dced ed~eqe ^eoen}d @wfeo nmdced ^eoen}d Omfep} ~mfel omd`dccefjed jmwed

pedc eoe~ jm~eqe$ @d~mqejw` ed~eqe jmn}e/n}e ~eoen}d `d` amqfej} wmgeqe eoed `e`~} omfef}`

{mqnecedced$ Deo}d nmo`j`ed jmne~edced {mdceq}l @wfeo n` Ew`e ^mdcceqe e~e}{}d

jl}w}wdpe jm Jm{}fe}ed Omfep} n`je~ejed neq` ~`ce jesewed pedc amqamye `e`~} neq` Eqea

ned [eqw`& neq` @dn`e ned Gl`de$ ^mbq`/~mbq` `d` ~mfel n`{mqa`dgedcjed nmdced ledce~ ned

amamqe{e a}j~` pedc amqje`~ed ~mfel n`jmo}jejed bfml {mdnbjbdc/{mdnbjbdcdpe aec`

ompbjbdc {mdne{e~ omqmje$ Deo}d e{e pedc fma`l {md~`dc aec` j`~e `efel jmwed pedc

n`ne{e~` neq`{ene l}a}dced `d`$ @d~mqejw` ed~eqe ^eoen}d @wfeo nmdced ^eoen}d Omfep}

~mfel omfel`qjed amamqe{e jmwed {bw`~`hpedc {md~`dc$

Jmwed pedc {ef`dc omdbdibf `efel ~mqwmaeqdpe eceoe @wfeo n` Jm{}fe}ed Omfep}

wmq~e o}dg}fdpe jmqeieed/jmqeieed @wfeo ~mo{e~ed n` [ewe`& Omfeje& Egml& Iblbq/Q`e}&

Aq}dm`& [e~ed`& W}f}& Aed~md& Nmoej& ^}aed& Oe~eqeo ned fe`d/fe`d fec`$ ^eoen}d @wfeo

~mfel omdc}ael {ednedced l`n}{ bqedc/bqedc Omfep}$ fe i}ce ~}q}~ omoaese ~}f`wed Ies`

pedc amq{mqeded {md~`dc nefeo {mqjmoaedced `fo} {mdcm~el}ed n` Jm{}fe}ed Omfep}$

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Jmwed {bw`~`h abfml i}ce n`f`le~ {mdceq}ldpe neq` wmc` {mq}dnedced& jmw}wew~mqeed& jmwmd`ed&

jmamdneed wm{mq~` {eje`ed& oejeded wmq~e `w~`fel/`w~`fel Eqea pedc n`c}dejed nefeo aelewe

Omfep}$

@d~mqejw` ed~eqe ^eoen}d Gl`de nmdced ^eoen}d Omfep} ~}q}~ omfel`qjed jmwed

{bw`~`h ~m~e{` `e ~`nej omf`ae~jed {mo`j`qed ned hefwehel wmaef`jdpe omf`ae~jed jmoel`qed ned

~mjdbfbc` wmq~e jmamdneed$ ^eoen}d Gl`de omoaese ~mjdbfbc` omoa}e~ c}fe neq` ~ma} jm

Jm{}fe}ed Omfep}& gbd~bldpe n` Iese$ Amc`~} i}ce jmoel`qed nefeo {mq}weleed w}~mqe&

omoa}e~ ~moa`jeq wmq~e {mq~}jedced fbceo$ N` weo{`dc `~} ~mqne{e~ i}ce amamqe{e imd`w

oejeded oewpeqeje~ Gl`de pedc n`{mqjmdefjed jm{ene oewpeqeje~ Omfep} wm{mq~` ~e}l}&

j`ge{& ~e}cml ned wmaece`dpe$ @d~mqejw` ed~eqe ^eoen}d Gl`de nmdced ^eoen}d Omfep}

amqfej} omfef}` n}e geqe `e`~} wmgeqe eoed ned wmgeqe jbdhf`j {m{mqedced$ @d~mqejw` wmgeqe

eoed amqfej} omfef}` ej~`x`~` {mqnecedced& mo`cqew` ned l}a}dced n`{fboe~`j& gbd~bldpe

jmo}dgej l}a}dced n`{fboe~`j dmcmq` Gl`de nmdced Jm{}fe}ed Omfep} `efel yeoed

Jmw}f~eded Omfeje$ Oedejefe l}a}dced pedc amqgbqej jbdhf`j {m{mqedced amqfej} wmoewe

{momq`d~eled N`dew~` P}ed " Obdccbf , 5130 / 578< Oew`l` ) pedc {mqdel omdpmqedc

Opedoeq , Jboabie ) ned iese {ene eaen eaen jm/57 Oew`l`$

Jmwed {bw`~`h neq`{ene `d~mqejw` ed~eqe ~eoen}d `d` i}ce abfml n`f`le~ {ene l}a}dced ed~eqe

^eoen}d Gl`de/Im{}d$ Im{}d ~mfel omdne{e~ hemnel pedc aedpej lew`f neq`{ene l}a}dced

`d`$ ^eoen}d Gl`de ~mfel omdp}oaedcjed amamqe{e {mqjeqe {md~`dc jm nefeo ^eoen}d

Im{}d$ W}oaedced pedc {md~`dc `efel neq` wmc` eceoe ned ~}f`wed$ Eceoe A}nnle neq` Gl`de

~mfel n`jmoaedcjed nefeo ^eoen}d Im{}d$ Eieqed/eieqed A}nnle `d` ~mfel n`ew`o`few`jed

nmdced eceoe ewef bqedc/bqedc Im{}d `e`~} eceoe Wl`d~b$ Sefe}{}d ew`o`few` `d` amqfej}

~m~e{` `e ~`nej omdc}ael `nmd~`~` eieqed A}nnle$

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J}`f/j}`f A}nnle ~mfel n`n`q`jed n` Im{}d$ Eceoe A}nnle ~mfel omdge{e` yeoed jmo}dgej 

wmoewe yeoed Deqe ned Lm`ed$ N` weo{`dc eceoe& ~}f`wed enefel we~} fec` jmwed {md~`dc

pedc n`aese bfml ^eoen}d Gl`de jm Im{}d$ ^}f`wed Gl`de ~mfel omdien` ewew jm{ene

{moamd~}jed ~}f`wed Im{}d `e`~} L`qecede ned Je~ejede$ [mdceq}l ~}f`wed Gl`de ~mfel

omoe`djed {mqeded jm{ene {mqjmoaedced `d~mfmj~}ef ned jmw}wew~mqeed nefeo ^eoen}d

Im{}d$ N` weo{`dc n}e jmwed {bw`~`h pedc {md~`dc `d`& ^eoen}d Gl`de ~}q}~ omd`dccefjed

{mdceq}ldpe jm e~ew }{egeqe/}{egeqe ~mq~md~} n` Im{}d& gbd~bldpe }{egeqe o`d}o ~ml& wmd`

~eoed& wmq~e w~q}j~}q {moa`deed aedneq$

Eieqed hefwehel Jbdh}w`ed`wom neq` Gl`de ~}q}~ n`ew`o`few`jed nefeo ^eoen}d Im{}d$

Eieqed Jbh}w`ed`wom pedc omoamq` {mdmjeded jm{ene `dw~`~}w` jmf}eqce ~mfel omoed~e{jed

fec` `dw~`~}w` jmf}eqce Im{}d$ Oedejefe jbdwm{ oedne~ neq` wp}qce ~mfel omo{mqj}j}ljed

fec` jmn}n}jed Oeleqeie Im{}d pedc n`{mqgepe` amqewef neq` jm~}q}ded Nms` Eoe~mqew}$

@d~mqejw` ed~eqe ^eoen}d Gl`de nmdced Im{}d ~mfel amqfej} wmgeqe eoed ned ew`o`few`

^eoen}d Gl`de nefeo ̂ eoen}d Im{}d ~mfel omo{mqj}j}ljed ̀ nmd~`~` ^eoen}d Im{}d$

Jmwed Dmce~`h 

Enefel ~`nej ~m{e~ i`je n`je~ejed aelese `d~mqejw` ed~eqe ~eoen}d ledpe omdclew`fjed jmwed

{bw`~`h$ Wmaef`jdpe `d~mqejw` ed~eqe ~eoen}d ~}q}~ omdclew`fjed jmwed dmce~`h$ N` Mqb{el&

o`wefdpe& l}a}dced ed~eqe bqedc/bqedc Jq`w~`ed ned Pel}n` ~mfel omdcefeo` jmomqbwb~ed

wmiej esef fec`$ Jmwed neq`{ene l}a}dced pedc ~`nej ae`j `d` omdpmaeajed amqfej}dpe

{moa}d}led bqedc Pel}n` wmgeqe amqeoe`/qeoe` {ene eaen jm/0 ned/5< Oew`l`$ [mqjeqe `d`

amqfej} ej`ae~ neq`/{ene hej~bq/hej~bq {mqamyeed eceoe& jm~`nej wm`oaedced mjbdbo` ned

wbw`ef$

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Amc`~} i}ce lefdpe nmdced l}a}dced bqedc/bqedc @wfeo ned Jq`w~`ed nefeo Yeoed

[mq~mdceled n` Mqb{el$ [momq`d~el/{momq`d~el Jq`w~`ed n` Mqb{el ~mfel amq~`dnej 

omfedgeqjed amamqe{e w`q` {mqedc jm e~ew bqedc/bqedc @wfeo pedc n`jmdef` wmaece` [mqedc

Wef`a$ [m{mqedced ~mqwma}~ ~mfel omdcbqaedjed qeoe` {mdced}~ @wfeo nedPel}n`$ [m{mqedced

`d` ~}q}~ n`gm~}wjed bfml hej~bq/hej~bq {mqamyeed eceoe& mjbdbo` ned {bf`~`j$

N` @dn`e i}ce& l}a}dced ed~eqe {mdced}~ @wfeo ned L`dn} wmd~`ewe amqene nefeo jmeneed

~mcedc$ ^mqne{e~ {mq`w~`se/{mq`w~`se n` oede bqedc/bqedc @wfeo n`a}d}l ned oewi`n/oewi`n

n`o}wdeljed bfml qeie/qeie @dn`e pedc amqeceoe L`dn}$ Jmeneed pedc weoe i}ce amqfej}

jm{ene {mdced}~/{mdced}~ eceoe L`dn} wmq~e j}`f/j}`f L`dn} pedc n`o}wdeljed bfml

{momq`d~el/{momq̀ d~el @wfeo$

Gbd~bldpe qeie/qeie @wfeo nefeo Jmw}f~eded Nmfl` ~mfel omdcleqeojed {moa`deed j}`f/j}`f

ned omdcleqeojed amamqe{e }{egeqe/}{egeqe jmeceoeed L`dn}$ Wmoewe yeoed

{momq`d~eled Obcl}f& E}qedcyma enefel qeie Obcl}f pedc amq~`dnej jmqew ~mqlene{

{mdced}~/{mdced}~ L`dn}$ Aec`dne ~mfel omdcleqeojed {moa`deed j}`f/j}`f pedc aeq}&

omdcleqeojed }{egeqe oedn` w}g` n` W}dce` Ieo}de& omdcleqeojed }{egeqe we~` ned fe`d/

fe`d fec`$

Nefeo l}a}dced ed~eqe ^eoen}d @dn`e nmdced ^eoen}d Gl`de i}ce j`~e ne{e~ f`le~

s}i}ndpe jbdhf`j ~mq}~eoe wmoewe eceoe A}nnle o}fe n`{mqjmdefjed jm nefeo oewpeqeje~

Gl`de wmoewe yeoed {momq`d~eled N`dew~` Led ^`o}q$ Jmoew}jed eceoe ~mqwma}~ ~mfel

omdne{e~ ~md~edced gmdn`ejesed Jbdh}w`ed`wom pedc eoe~ amq{mdceq}l nefeo {md~ena`qed

N`dew~` Led$ Weo`/weo` A}nnle ~mfel n`j}q}dc ned j}`f/j}`f A}nnle n`o}wdeljed }d~}j 

omdclefedc {mqjmoaedced eceoe ~mqwma}~$

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Jmwed dmce~`h ~}q}~ amqfej} nefeo l}a}dced ed~eqe ^eoen}d @wfeo nmdced ^eoen}d

Gl`de$ Gbd~bldpe {ene ~el}d 3=5 Oew`l`& ~md~mqe @wfeo n` aesel {`o{`ded Y`pen a`d Wef`l

~mfel omdcefeljed edcje~ed {mqedc Gl`de pedc n`{`o{`d bfml Jeb Lw`md/gl`l wmnedcjed

{ene oewe ~mqwma}~ jmqeieed @wfeo Eaaew`pel omo{}dpe` l}a}dced n`{fboe~`j nmdced

jmqeieed ^edc n` Gl`de$ [mqo}w}led ed~eqe bqedc/bqedc @wfeo nmdced bqedc/bqedc Gl`de

 i}ce n`gm~}wjed bfml qewe ~`nej {}ew le~` ~mqlene{ {mdge{e`ed mjbdbo` {`lej pedc

amq~md~edced$

Gbd~bldpe {ene eaen jm/< Oew`l`& {mdn}n}j Led n` ~mdcceqe Gl`de ~mfel oms}i}njed

{mqo}w}led nmdced bqedc/bqedc @wfeo jmqede `q` le~` ~mqlene{ jmomseled pedc n`d`joe~`

bfml bqedc/bqedc @wfeo pedc jmaedpejeddpe ~mqf`ae~ nefeo ej~`x`~` {mqnecedced$ [ene ~el}d/

~el}d 3=< Oew`l` ned <38 Oew`l` ~mfel amqfej} {moamqbd~ejed/{moamqbd~ejed pedc

omdpmaeajed qeoe` bqedc/bqedc @wfeo n`a}d}l ned omfeq`jed n`q` neq` Ged~bd$

[moamqbd~ejed {ene ~el}d <38 Oew`l` a}jed weleie amqw`he~ ed~`/@wfeo ~m~e{` i}ce ed~` bqedc

ew`dc$

[moamqbd~ejed `d` omdpmaeajed fma`l j}qedc 51; ;;; l`dcce 1;; ;;; bqedc ew`dc ~mfel

n`a}d}l ~mqoew}j bqedc/bqedc @wfeo$ Jmwed neq`{ene {mq`w~`se ~mqwma}~ omdpmaeajed qeoe`

bqedc/bqedc @wfeo ~mfel feq` neq` Gl`de ned amql`iqel jm Ew`e ^mdcceqe ~mq}~eoedpe n`

[efmoaedc ned Jmnel$ L}a}dced bqedc/bqedc @wfeo nmdced {mdn}n}j ~mo{e~ed Gl`de ~}q}~

~mqimiew wmoewe {momq`d~eled N`dew~` Gl`dc pedc omoamq` jm}~eoeed jm{ene {mdc}j}led

eieqed Jbdh}w`ed`eom$ Bqedc/bqedc @wfeo omdne{e~ fepeded pedc ~`nej en`f neq`{ene

{momq`d~el Gl`dc$

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Qewe ~`nej {}ew le~` {mdced}~/{mdced}~ @wfeo n`wbjbdc {}fe bfml {mqjmoaedced {mdceq}l

cmqejed Je}o O}ne e~e}{}d Selea` n` jefedced bqedc/bqedc Gl`de @wfeo$ Qewe ~`nej {}ew

le~` bqedc/bqedc @wfeo ~mfel omdpmaeajed amqfej}dpe amamqe{e w`q` {moamqbd~ejed wmoewe

{momq`d~eled N`dew~` Gl`dc `e`~} [moamqbd~ejed W`dj`edc 5 ,53=8 Oew`l`)& [moamqbd~ejed

Jedw} ,53<5 Oew`l`)& [moamqbd~ejed Imledc`q ,5<1;/13 Oew`l`)& Jmaedcj`~ed P}wwbh 

Wpeow}nn`d ,5<1</75O)& {moamqbd~ejed P}ded ,5<=;/8< Oew`l`)& [moamqbd~ejed Wlmdw`

ned Jedw} ,5<81 Oew`l`)& Jmaedcj`~ed W`dj`edc ,5<8>33 Oew`l`)$