94° 95° 96° 97° 98° 99° 100° 101° 102°

94° 95° 96° 97° 98° 99° 100° 101° 102°

1°

0°

1°

2°

3°

4°

5°

6°

7°

1°

0°

1°

2°

3°

4°

5°

6°

7°

S t r a i t o f M a l a c c a

I N D I A NO C E A N

S U M A T R A

MALA

YSIA

THAILAND

Simelue

K e p. B a n y a k

Nias

Tanahmasa

Tanahbala

Pini

Medan

Banda Aceh

Tuangku

Danau Toba

K e p. B a t u

George Town

Pinang

Taiping

Kuala Lumpur

Rupat

Dumai

Pekanbaru

Langkawi

Riau

Aceh

Sumatera Utara

Perak

Sumatera Barat

Kedah

Yala

Pahang

Selangor

Kelantan

Songkhla

Narathiwat

SatunPattani

Perlis

Negeri Sembilan

Jambi

Pulau Pinang

Kuala Lumpur

Melaka

Ai

Koh

Yan

Djao

Tiku

Talu

Duri

RAUB

Kulu

OWAQ

IPOH

User

Stap

Jeli

KuahRuso

YahaYALA

SOLOK

MUARA

TALUK

Logeh

Pamai

Parit

Panti

Natal Rokan

Siabu

Afulu

Pujut

Lumut

DUMAI

Barus KadorPajak

Salak

BunanLangi

Merek

MEDAN

Susoh

Cotme Benta

Bidor

TapahLumut

Tutut

Lasah

SigliGerik

SagoeKuede

Jaboi

RamanBacho

LanguChana

PADANG

AripanSilabo

Talawi

Talaga

Lambak

Buatan

Lahewa

Ladara

Sorkam

Pakkat

Lubang PorseaNaibos

SiliauIvabahTameng

Sepang

MANTIN

Sumbue

KAJANGKELANG

Rawang

BINJAI

Pondok

Perlak

Baharu KAMPAR

GopengLANGSABeruas

CalangTerong

Padang

Tangse

SelamaJantho

DeudapBaling

Betong

Sabang

Rangae

KANGAR

Thepha

Bantjah

Bulakan

Kotoaur

Sialang Langgam

Batahan

MandingSirombu

Binanga

Sipirok Guntung

SibolgaSarulla

Sihikit

Malinda Sinabol

Singkam

ParapatDatimun

Lokupau

Klsaran

Pangsun

Kotarih

BENTONGBohorok

Belawan

Pangkor

Seruway Ringlet

Beyeuen

TAIPING

MeudhenJeunieb

Bireuen

Lho-nga Lambada

Leungah

PATTANI

SikilangSikarbau

Kotoraja

Petaphan

Muratais Ujunbatu

Hilihoja Kotalama

Sawongon

TarutungTitiakar

Sinabang

Ambarita

JENJAROM

Kotabaru Kutacane Namoukur

Manggeng Kotapari

AluebataMeulaboh

Takengon

Cemparan

LenggongGle Bruk

CuleegleBalu CutGleeburk

MERTAJAM

Melingge

Ban Baia

Sai Buri

Pa Na Re

Muarsiget

Kajutanam

Kotoradja

Pulautelo

Tentelang

Siburuang

Sunpadang

KOTANOPAN

UjungbatuSingkuangSibubuhanBodsihona

Gunungtua Langkimat

SibalangaSipahutar

Sitarundi

Hutaradja

Panipahan

PanguruanUlakmedan

Sukadjadi

Kabanjahe

Kutabuluh

TigajuharMartebing

SukadamaiSikandang

Sukaramai Kolamluar

Pulantiga

PeureulakLho kruet

Idirayeuk

Lhoksukon

Seumileum

Lampuyang

Ban Pa Ri

Buluhkasap

Lubukuramo

Muaralembu

PAJAKUMBUH

Kotopadang Lubukbukit

KotapadangAir Bangle

BANGKINANGSungailolo

Telukdalam

Maura Soma

Kontaintan

SifahandroSedinginan

Tanahputih

Bango-kiriTeluklecanOnanhasang

Perbaungan

Muara Oreh

ParlilitanBallasetas

Nainggolan

Suaqbakong

SerbelawanLima Puluh

Tapakktuan

Lubukpakam

Suak Uleue

Tanah Rata

Gua Kalong

Lhok KualaGua Masang

Batu Kruau

ALOR SETARPokok Sena

NARATHIWAT

Sungaidareh

Padangsarai

HilibafunuaSungailimau

Balaitangah

LubukbasungKualanangan

Kota BaharuLabuhanrima

RantaukasikSungaipagar

Muaro Paiti

Simpangtiga

Pintupadang RantaiKasai

Pangaribuan

Rajaberiamu

Guntingsaga

Telok DatokKrueng Luas

Baganasahan

Negeridolok

Bangunpurba

Kubu BaharuLabuhanhaji

Lurah Bilut

Kutabahagia Selim RiverTanJungpura

Bagan DatchTELOK ANSON

Kuede PangaReuenigeuet

Kuala Betis

Simpangulim

LHOKSEUMAWE

BUTTERWORTH

Kuala Ketil Tanah Hitan

Lubuksulasih

Kebongsikaju

Pantaicermin

Panyambungan

Gunungsitoli

Ujungbatujae

Batu PanjangLanggapayung

Sungaisiakap

Rimbaterdlun Port Dickson

Tanjungbalai

Saranpandang

Tanjongbunga

Blangkejeren

Keude Seumot

KualasimpangKuala MedangSuak Keumude

Pantai Remis

Udjung Muloh

Bukit Nangka

Sungai Kolok

Kuala Nerang Bannang Sata

Kuala Perlis

MuaraseranggeBadjarsimpang

Pankalanserai

Tanjungperuso

Kampungtempel

Dolok SanggulPasar SingkilSungaitampang

Kampungmesjid

Sarimatondang

Tanjong Malim

Pangkalansusu

Krueng Geukuh

Sungai Petani

Tandjungmedang

Lubuk Sikaping

Lubukbandahara

Tanjungpandang

Padangnabidang

Bagan-siapiapiSiborongborong

Kutabuluhpasar

Kuala SelangorTanjong KarangTanjunglangkat

Chegar Machang

Pasirpengarayan

PematangcepedakPADANGSIDEMPUAN

Pangkalan Dodek

Ban Che Mi LangBan Chalung Nua

Kampung Cempedak

Teluk-pulaidalam

Pangkalanlunanag

PEMATANG SIANTAR

PANGKALANBRANDAN

Changkat Keruing

Lapangan Terbang

Tanjunglumbalumba

Kgp Kubang Chenok

Padangsilanganraja

Labuhantanggabesar

Teloktelgatagonang

Bandarpasirmanogai

Jitra Kuala Nerang

Baharu Bukit Tinggi

Bagan Sungai Burong

Lawesigala-gala Timur

Imun

Toba

Talang

Marapi

Kembar

Sibayak

Tandikat

Talakmau

Sinabung

Lubukraya

Pulau Weh

Geureudong

Sorikmarapi

Sibualbuali

Peuet Sague

Helatoba-Tarutung

Northwest Sumatra, Indonesia Earthquake of 2 November, 2002

0 50 100 150 20025

Kilometers

SCALE 1:2,000,000Mercator Projection

EXPLANATIONMain Shock

Mw = 7.4 (USGS)

Aftershocks

2 - 27 Nov 2002

Magnitude Classes

4.0 - 5.0

5.0 - 6.0

6.0 - 7.0

M > 7.0

Depth Classes

0 - 69 km

> 70 km

Volcanoes

Kembar

Political Boundaries

International

Provincial

Urbanized Areas

MedanPopulated Places

Tapakktuan

Roads

Secondary

Unpaved

Connector

Railroads

Airports

Active Civil

Active Civil and Military

Active Military

Other

Pipelines

95° 100° 105°

95° 100° 105°

5°

0°

5°

5°

0°

5°

S O U T HC H I N A

S E A

I N D I A NO C E A N

THAILAND

M A L A Y S I A

SINGAPORE

S U M A T R A

JAVA

J A V AS E A

I N D

O N E S I A

C o c o sB a s i n

S u n d a T r e n c h

Inve

stig

ator

Rid

ge

Strait of Malacca

Kep. Mentawai

Sunda Stra

it

Jakarta

Kep. Riau

Kep. Lingga

Bangka

Belitung

A U S T R A L I A NP L A T E

E U R A S I A N P L A T E

BURMAMICROPLATE

Kep. Banyak

Kep. B

atuDETAILED MAP

Kuala Lumpur

P e g u n u n g a n B a r i s a n68 mm/yr

64 mm/yr

Riau

Aceh

Jambi Sumatera Selatan

Pahang

Sumatera Utara

Lampung

Perak

Johor

Sumatera Barat

Jawa Barat

Bengkulu

Kelantan

Kedah

Terengganu

Yala

Selangor

Songkhla

Narathiwat

Negeri Sembilan

Satun Pattani

Melaka

Perlis

Singapore

Pulau Pinang

2002

Map prepared by U.S. Geological SurveyNational Earthquake Information Center6 December 2002Map not approved for release by Director USGS

Plate Tectonic Setting

95° 100° 105°

95° 100° 105°

5°

0°

5°

5°

0°

5°

S O U T HC H I N A

S E A

I N D I A NO C E A N

THAILAND

M A L A Y S I A

SINGAPORE

S U M A T R A

JAVA

J A V AS E A

I N D

O N E S I A

Strait of Malacca

Kep. Mentawai

Sunda Stra

it

Jakarta

Kep. Riau

Kep. Lingga

Bangka

Belitung

A U S T R A L I A NP L A T E

E U R A S I A N P L A T E

BURMAMICROPLATE

Kep. Banyak

Kep. B

atuDETAILED MAP

Kuala Lumpur

Riau

Aceh

Jambi Sumatera Selatan

Pahang

Sumatera Utara

Lampung

Perak

Johor

Sumatera Barat

Jawa Barat

Bengkulu

Kelantan

Kedah

Terengganu

Yala

Selangor

Songkhla

Narathiwat

Negeri Sembilan

Satun Pattani

Melaka

Perlis

Singapore

Pulau Pinang

2002

Seismic Hazard

95° 100° 105°

95° 100° 105°

5°

0°

5°

5°

0°

5°

S O U T HC H I N A

S E A

I N D I A NO C E A N

THAILAND

M A L A Y S I A

SINGAPORE

S U M A T R A

JAVA

J A V AS E A

I N D

O N E S I A

Strait of Malacca

Kep. Mentawai

Sunda Stra

it

Jakarta

Kep. Riau

Kep. Lingga

Bangka

Belitung

A U S T R A L I A NP L A T E

E U R A S I A N P L A T E

BURMAMICROPLATE

Kep. Banyak

Kep. B

atuDETAILED MAP

Kuala Lumpur

A1

A1'

A2

A2'

A3

2002

2001

2000

1933191319311931

1975

1914

1900

1943

1909

194319431998

19361946

19841971

19691907

19761936

1916

19351917

1936

1983

Riau

Aceh

Jambi Sumatera Selatan

Pahang

Sumatera Utara

Lampung

Perak

Johor

Sumatera Barat

Jawa Barat

Bengkulu

Kelantan

Kedah

Terengganu

Yala

Selangor

Songkhla

Narathiwat

Negeri Sembilan

Satun Pattani

Melaka

Perlis

Singapore

Pulau Pinang

Earthquake History 1900 - 2002

0 100 200 300 40050

Kilometers

SCALE 1:10,000,000Mercator Projection

0 100 200 300 40050

Kilometers

SCALE 1:10,000,000Mercator Projection

0 100 200 300 40050

Kilometers

SCALE 1:10,000,000Mercator Projection

100 km 0 km 100 km 200 km 300 km 400 km

100 km 0 km 100 km 200 km 300 km 400 km

300 km

200 km

100 km

0 km

300 km

200 km

100 km

0 km

A1 A1'

2002

1969

1907

19761936

100 km 0 km 100 km 200 km 300 km 400 km

100 km 0 km 100 km 200 km 300 km 400 km

300 km

200 km

100 km

0 km

300 km

200 km

100 km

0 km

A2 A2'

1935 1936

1946

100 km 0 km 100 km 200 km 300 km 400 km

100 km 0 km 100 km 200 km 300 km 400 km

300 km

200 km

100 km

0 km

300 km

200 km

100 km

0 km

A3 A3'

200120001975

1914

EXPLANATIONMain Shock 2 November 2002

Mw = 7.4 (USGS)

Largest Earthquakes M >= 7.0

2002

Depth Classes

0 - 69 km

70 - 299

300 - 700

Magnitude Classes

4.0 - 5.0

5.0 - 6.0

6.0 - 7.0

7.0 - 8.0

M > 8.0

Plate Boundaries

Covergent

Diffuse

Divergent

Transform

Volcanoes

Political Boundaries

International

Provincial

Urbanized Areas

Jakarta

EXPLANATIONMain Shock 2 November 2002

Mw = 7.4 (USGS)

Seismic Hazard

0.0 - 0.2 m/sec**2

0.2 - 0.4

0.4 - 0.8

0.8 - 1.6

1.6 - 3.2

3.2 - 4.1

Volcanoes

Urbanized Areas

Jakarta

Plate Boundaries

Covergent

Diffuse

Divergent

Transform

Political Boundaries

International

Provincial

Depth Profiles

DATA SOURCES

EARTHQUAKES AND SEISMIC HAZARD USGS, National Earthquake Information Center NOAA, National Geophysical Data Center IASPEI, Centennial Catalog (1900 - 1999) Handbook of Seismology and Earthquake Engineering Global Seismic Hazard Assessment Program

PLATE TECTONICS Smithsonian Institution, Global Volcano Program

BASE MAP NIMA and ESRI, Digital Chart of the World USGS, EROS Data Center

U.S. Department of the InteriorU.S. Geological Survey

DISCLAIMER

Base map data, such as place names and politicalboundaries, are the best available but may not be current or may contain inaccuracies and thereforeshould not be regarded as having official significance.

General Interest Product xxx

RELATIVE PLATE MOTIONS

The relative motion of adjacent tectonicplates is depicted on the map by short vectors located at selected locationson the plate boundary. In this present-ation, one plate is assumed to be rigid and fixed. The vector therefore repre-sents the direction of the moving platerelative to the fixed plate. The rate of relative motion is labelled next tothe vector.

The components of the vector perpendic-ular and parallel to the plate margin approximate convergent/divergent and transverse direction of motion between the plates,respectively. As viewed from the rigid plate, an inward directed com-ponent suggests compression at and near the plate boundary that may be expressedas crustal folding, uplift, thrustfaulting, or plate subduction. Similar-ly, an outward directed component sug-gests plate divergence such as would be expected at a zone of crustal spreading.Transcurrent or transform faultingwould be expected when the predominantvector component is parallel to theplate margin.

Sumatra

Seismic hazard is expressedas peak ground acceleration(PGA) in meters/sec**2 ex-pected in a 50-yr period with a probability of 10 percent.

NEAR NORTHWEST COAST OF SUMATRA

2 November 2002 01:26:11.51 UTC2.997 N., 96.082 E.Depth 33 km (Geophysicist)Mw = 7.4 (USGS); Mw = 7.40 (HRV)

A strong earthquake struck northwestern Sumatra at 8:26 a.m. localtime on 2 November 2002. The epicenter was located near the offshoreisland of Simelue, populated principally by fishermen and clove farmers.According to news reports, at least three people were killed on Simelue and 48 injured, thousands were left homeless, and 994 buildings were damaged. Damage was also reported in the village Tapakktuan in Aceh province on the main island of Sumatra. MMI intensities were: Tapak-kutan (VI); and Meulaboh and Pasar Singkil (V). The earthquake was felt strongly in the provincial capital of Banda Aceh (IV) and the cities of Medan and Lhokseumawe (III) but no damage or injuries were re-ported there. The earthquake was also felt at Kuala Lumpur and Port Kelang in Malaysia.

DISCUSSION

The earthquake occurred as a result of thrust-faulting on the boundary between the subducting Australian plate and the overriding Sunda block of the Eurasian plate. In the region of the epicenter, the Australian plate is moving about 6 cm/year in a northerly direction against the Eurasian plate. The direction of relative plate motion is oblique to the northwest trend of the plate boundary. Earthquakes such as that of November 2 accommodate the component of plate-motion that is perpendicular to the trend of the plate boundary. The component of plate-motion that is parallel to the trend of the plate boundary is mostly accommodated by strike-slip faulting in the interior of the island of Sumatra. The largest thrust-fault earthquakes in the Sumatran subduction zone in the last two centuries were that of 1833, which had a magnitude of 8.8-9.2, and that of 1861, which had a magnitude of 8.3-8.5.