famili zamiaceae at online available filewulan sarilestari a251060071 tanaman dan sistem ruang...

TUGAS PRAKTIKUM I

MATA KULIAH TANAMAN DAN SISTEM RUANG TERBUKA HIJAU

FAMILI ZAMIACEAE

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Wulan sarilestari A251060071

SEKOLAH PASCASARJANA DEPARTEMEN ARSITEKTUR LANSKAP

FAKULTAS PERTANIAN INSTITUT PERTANIAN BOGOR

2006

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Wulan Sarilestari A251060071

Tanaman dan Sistem Ruang Terbuka Hijau Praktikum I_Pengenalan Ragam Tanaman Lanskap (Zamiaceae)

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DAFTAR ISI

FAMILI ZAMIACEAE Deskripsi ................................................................................................... 1 Taksonomi ................................................................................................. 1 Penyebaran ............................................................................................... 1

KEGUNAAN DALAM LANSKAP .................................................................... 2 GENUS BOWENIA

Ciri Umum ............................................................................................... 4 Daun ........................................................................................................ 4 Microsporophylls ..................................................................................... 4 Megasporophylls ..................................................................................... 4 Biji ............................................................................................................ 4 Species .................................................................................................... 5

GENUS CERATOZAMIA Ciri Umum ............................................................................................... 6 Daun ........................................................................................................ 6 Microsporophylls ..................................................................................... 6 Megasporophylls ..................................................................................... 6 Biji ............................................................................................................ 6 Species .................................................................................................... 7

GENUS CHIGUA Ciri Umum ............................................................................................... 10 Daun ........................................................................................................ 10 Microsporophylls ..................................................................................... 10 Megasporophylls ..................................................................................... 10 Biji ............................................................................................................ 10 Species .................................................................................................... 11

GENUS DIOON Ciri Umum ............................................................................................... 12 Daun ........................................................................................................ 12 Microsporophylls ..................................................................................... 12 Megasporophylls ..................................................................................... 12 Biji ............................................................................................................ 12 Species .................................................................................................... 13

GENUS ENCHEPALARTOS Ciri Umum ............................................................................................... 14 Daun ........................................................................................................ 14 Microsporophylls ..................................................................................... 14 Megasporophylls ..................................................................................... 14 Biji ............................................................................................................ 14 Tempat Tumbuh ...................................................................................... 15 Species .................................................................................................... 15

GENUS LEPIDOZAMIA Ciri Umum ............................................................................................... 27 Daun ........................................................................................................ 27 Microsporophylls ..................................................................................... 27 Megasporophylls ..................................................................................... 27

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Wulan Sarilestari A251060071

Tanaman dan Sistem Ruang Terbuka Hijau Praktikum I_Pengenalan Ragam Tanaman Lanskap (Zamiaceae)

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Biji ............................................................................................................ 27 Species .................................................................................................... 28

GENUS MACROZAMIA Ciri Umum ............................................................................................... 29 Daun ........................................................................................................ 29 Microsporophylls ..................................................................................... 29 Megasporophylls ..................................................................................... 29 Biji ............................................................................................................ 29 Tempat Tumbuh ...................................................................................... 30 Species .................................................................................................... 30

GENUS ZAMIA Ciri Umum ............................................................................................... 40 Daun ........................................................................................................ 40 Microsporophylls ..................................................................................... 40 Megasporophylls ..................................................................................... 40 Biji ............................................................................................................ 40 Tempat Tumbuh ...................................................................................... 41 Species .................................................................................................... 41

DAFTAR PUSTAKA ........................................................................................ 51

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Wulan Sarilestari A251060071

Tanaman dan Sistem Ruang Terbuka Hijau Praktikum I_Pengenalan Ragam Tanaman Lanskap (Zamiaceae)

FAMILI ZAMIACEAE

DESKRIPSI Merupakan tanaman perennial (sepanjang tahun), evergreen (selalu

hijau), dioecious. Nama umumnya adalah famili sago-palm (Laundry, 1993).

Palem seperti tanaman subterranean (tumbuh di dalam tanah) dengan puncak

membuka atau di atas permukaan tanah, tinggi dan tegak lurus, biasanya tidak

bercabang, batang berbentuk silinder, batang terbungkus oleh daun-daun yang

mengeras. Perakaran terdiri dari akar-akar kecil, seperti coral (perakaran

berkembang pada bagian dasar batang atau dibawah permukaan tanah.

Bentuk daun seperti bulu burung, tersusun seperti spiral berkelompok

pada puncak batang (stem apex), berduri, diselingi dengan cataphylls, kadang-

kadang daun muda terbelah secara dikotom (menjadi dua bagian), yaitu ptyxis

tegak lurus dan ptyxis mendatar. Pada daun muda terdapat percabangan garis-

garis halus, tidak mempunyai tulang daun ditengahnya, stomata terdapat

disemua permukaan daun, tetapi ada juga yang hanya terdapat di bawah

permukaan daun. Trichomes berwarna atau transparan, ada yang bercabang

dan tidak, berbentuk pendek melengkung atau idioblastic. Sporophylls spirally

jantan atau betina saling berkumpul membentuk buah axillary.

TAXONOMI Terbagi menjadi sekitar 8 genus dan 100 spesies menurut (Jones,

1993):

Subfamily Ordo Subordo Genus

Encephalartoideae

Diooeae Dioon

Encephalarteae Encephalartinae Encephalartos

Macrozamiinae Macrozamia Lepidozamia

Zamioideae

Ceratozamieae Ceratozamia

Zamieae Microcycadinae Microcycas

Zamiinae Zamia Chigua

PENYEBARAN Australia (Chigua, Lepidozamia, Macrozamia), Neotropics (Georgia to

Bolivia) (Ceratozamia, Dioon, Microcycas, Zamia) and SubSaharan Africa

(Encephalartos). Semua species menempati habitat subtropical atau tropical,

pada daerah agak kering sampai rawa atau hutan hujan tropis (Jones 1993).

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KEGUNAAN DALAM LANSKAP

Tanaman dari famili Zamiaceae umumnya sangat mahal dan dapat

dikategorikan sebagai tanaman hias, serta memiliki karakter yang sangat kuat.