ekosistemterestrial

8/4/2019 EkosistemTerestrial

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.

Bumi?

2. Jelaskan mengapa di belahan Bumi

tertentu, terdapat empat musim.

3. Sebutkan 2 (dua) faktor utama yang

.



BI 3101 EKOLOGII-3101 EKOLOGI

Kuliah 2:

Tinjauan Umum

Ekosistem Daratan



Low angle ofincoming sunlight

60º N

North Pole

30º N

Tropic ofCancer

Sunlight directlyoverhead 0º (equator)

30º S

rop c oCapricorn

ow ang e oincoming sunlight

Atmosphere

60º S

South Pole

(Campbell & Reece 2002)



Mengapa di belahan bumi tertentu, terdapat

empat musim?

JUNE SOLSTICE

(NorthernHemisphere tilts

(equator facessun directly)

toward sun)

DECEMBERSOLSTICE

or ernHemisphere tiltsaway from sun)

SEPTEMBEREQUINOX




Ascending

moist airDescendingdr air

Descendingdr air

releasesmoisture

absorbsmoisture absorbsmoisture

o rums

TROPICSTEMPERATE

ZONE

TEMPERATE

ZONE




• Ma or terrestrial biomes

30º N

qua or

30º S

Tropical forest

Savanna

Desert

Polar and high-mountain ice

Chaparral

Temperate grassland

Temperate deciduous forest

Coniferous forest

Tundra (arctic and alpine)




Hutan hujan – Tangkubanparahu dari arah Situ Lembang



Hutan dibuka – Gunung Burangrang (ke Situ Lembang)



Hutan hujan di Tembagapura-Papua



Hutan di Baluran 1April 2003 (kerja lapangan ekologi)



Padang pengembalaan-Baluran 1April 2003



Acasia nilotica - Baluran 1April 2003



• Ma or terrestrial biomes

30º N

qua or

30º S

Tropical forest

Savanna

Desert

Polar and high-mountain ice

Chaparral

Temperate grassland

Temperate deciduous forest

Coniferous forest

Tundra (arctic and alpine)




• Iklim dicirikan oleh :

h

Angin

Posisi geografi & geomorfologi



Iklim: faktor yang

membentuk bioma

(Molles 2005/2008)



(Molles 2005/2008)



(Molles 2005)



• Iklim di P. Sumatra bervariasi tergantung pada topografi.

• dari area sebelah barat bukit barisan sam ai ke arahtimur, curahu hujan bervariasi antara 6000-1500mm/th.

,

hujan tahunan >2500mm/th

• u an er ng : esem er an aret

• Bulan basah : Mei – September

• Bagaimana dengan fenomena akhir-akhir ini ?D s us an.



• The annual fluctuations in temperature are very small for.

• Daily variations are greatest in the drier months when the

Sun is not obscured by clouds and when the heat escapesquickly at night because there are no clouds to insulate the.

• The differences in temperature between locations arecause ma n y y a t tu e.



Wind

general they blow from the north from December

,September. Where there are breaks in the

,

channeled and wind speed may be greatly .

• Some westerl winds of Sumatra are articularlfamous. (Angin Depek, Angin Bohorok, AnginPadan Lawas .



•

– at Air Tawar near Takengon between April and October.– This stormy wind is named after a fish that comes to the surface at this

• Angin Boh oro k – in areas of North Sumatra.– It is not feared because of its stren th but because it is ver dr and can

damage crops, particularly tobacco.– Angin Bohorok is a fohn wind, that is, a depression (low atmospheric

ressure movin t he east of the Barisan Ran e draws air into itself from

the west of the range.– The air ascends the western slopes, clouds form and there is heavy rain.– When it reaches the eastern slopes, the air is still warm, but it has lost

most of its moisture, so it bows down as a very warm, dry wind.– It starts I the Karo highlands and is funnelled into upper Langkat and

upper Deli Serdang trough the Bohorok depression.• Angin Padan g Law as

– At east of Padang Sidempuan is a particularly serious fohn wind, dryingthe soil and making most forms of agricultur virtually impossible



Zonasi iklim di Sumatra



Zonasi iklim di Sumatra

• Zona A: more than the nine consecutive wet months, and

• Zona B: seven to nine consecutive wet months and threeor ess consecu ve ry mon s

• Zona C: five to six consecutive wet months and three or

less consecutive dry months•

six consecutive dry months

• one : up o ree consecu ve we mon s an up o s xconsecutive dry months



ana

• ru ur ana er en u se agahasil interaksi jangka panjang antara

m, ma u up, topogra , an bahan mineral batuan induk .



http://curriculum.calstatela.edu/courses/builders/lessons/less/biomes/rainforest/--

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