b.anin darah1

7/23/2019 b.anin Darah1

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HEMATOLOGI

ANIN WIJAYANTI

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D A R A H

Volume darah dewasa : 6 8 % BB l!"er#

Dalam $ mmdarah "erda&a" :

'()**(*** er!"ros!" la+!,)#- .(/**(*** er!"ros!"wa0!"a#

1 .(*** $*(*** leu+os!"

1 *($' *(( $* 6 "rom2os!" 3 &la"ele"

4u05s! darah :

1 Tra0s&or dar! 2aha0 a05 laru" a"au "er!+a"

se7ara +!m!aw! O) 9o) 2aha0 5!! me"a2ol!7

dll#(

1 Tra0s&or &a0as 0a!+ 3 "uru0#

1 ;e05ha0"ara0 s!0al hormo0#

1 ;e0a055a se2a5a! 2u


3/25

3

;ro"e!0 darah "(a : al2um!0 '/%# $ 5lo2ul!0 .%# ) 5lo2ul!0 8%# 5lo2ul!0 $)%# 5lo2ul!0

$6%# da0

1 ;emel!haraa0 "e+a0a0 osmo"!7

1 Tra0s&or su2s"a0s! a05 "!da+ laru" dalam a!rm!sal lema+ l!&o&ro"e!0#

Hema"o&o!s!s : ;em2e0"u+a0 sel,) darah a05 "(a

er!"ros!" le+os!" = "rom2os!"


4/25

4

Er!"ros!" 3 ?DM :

1 Meru&a+a0 sel "!da+ 2er!0"! elas"!s da0 da&a"

2eru2ah 2e0"u+1 D!2e0"u+ dalam sumsum "ula05


5/25

5

: $6 5r 3 dl

H2( ormal : $' 5r3dl

: $. 5r 3 dl 4u05s! sel darah merah :

1 @"ama me05a05+u" O) da0 9O) a0"ara &aru,) da0

ar!05a0 a05 d!la+u+a0 oleh H2

1 Fa05 la!0 +a0du05a0 +ar2o0!+ a0h!drase0a

me05+a"al!sa rea+s! a0"ara 9O) da0 H)O

+emud!a0 me05a05+u" dar! ar!05a0 +e &aru,&aru

dalam 2e0"u+ !o0 2!+ar2o0a" H9O, # u0"u++ese!m2a05a0 asam 2asa(


6/25

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G r!"ro&o!s!s G

!( &em2e0"u+a0 er!"ros!"

Dlm s!r+ulas! . 2ula0 $)* har! # Tua : d!ha07ur+a0 ol( ma+ro


7/25

7

AEMIA

Fa!"u +e+ura05a0 ?DM a05 da&a" d!se2a2+a0 oleh+are0a h!la050a darah a05 "erlalu 7e&a" a"au&rodu+s! ?DM a05 "erlalu lam2a"(

Ma7am,ma7am a0em! :

$( A0em!a a+!2a" +eh!la05a0 darah3A0em!a Hemora5!s

1 ?e"elah &erdaraha0 7e&a" 7a!ra0 &lasmad!5a0"! dalam wa+"u $ har! de05a0

+o0se0"ras! ?DM a05 re0dah# ?DM +em2al!0ormal dalam wa+"u 6 m!055u(

1 Jeh!la05a0 darah +ro0!s &e0der!"a "!da+ 7u+u&me05a2sor2s! 2es! dar! usus halus u0"u+mem2e0"u+ H2 se7e&a" +eh!la05a0 darah "er2e0"u+ ?DM a05 me05a0du05 sed!+!" H2

a0em!a h!&o+rom!+ m!+ros!"!+)( A0em!a A&las"!+a : d!se2a2+a0 a&las!a sumsum "ula05

seh!055a sumsum "ula05 "!da+ 2er


8/25

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( A0em!a Me5alo2las"!+ : 2!la salah sa"u

.( A0em!a Hemol!"!+ :

1 ?DM a20ormal 2!asa0a ada


9/25

9

A0em!a sel sa2!" : *( $(* % ora05 h!"am d! A


10/25

10

'( u"r!"!o0al A0em!a :

a( A0em!a d!

2( A0em!a d!

, &ema"a05a0 RB9

B!la asam


11/25

11

6( A0em!a ;er0!s!osa

V!"am!0 B$) &e0"!05 u0"u+ s!0"esa DA a05

2er&era0 dalam &rol!


12/25

12

;e05aruh A0em!a "erhada& s!s"em s!r+ulas!&ada a0em!a 2era"# :1 V!s+os!"as darah "uru0 s3d $(' a!r a!r #1 Taha0a0 "erhada& al!ra0 darah "uru0 umlah darah

a05 me05al!r melalu! ar!05a0 da0 +em2al! +e a0"u05

1 H!&o+s!a oleh +are0a &e0uru0a0 "ra0s&or O) oleh darah &em2uluh darah ar!05a0 &er!


13/25

13

Le+os!" 3 Leu7o7"e

ds2" u5a sel drh &u"!h s(d(& # o(+ "d+ mem&(&!5me0 war0a s&" H2(

;em2e0"u+a0 s(d(& ds2" : Le+o&o!s!s

4s( le+os!" :, Me0era05 a5e0 5 masu+ "u2uh meru&a+a0 2a5( dr(

s!s"( &er"aha0a0 seluler !(


14/25

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?el Leu7o7" 5 2er"a055u05 aw2 "erhada& s"ra"e5!

&er"aha0a0 "u2uh :

$( eu"ro&hl &ha5os!"!7)( Eos!0o!&hl u0"u+ 7a7!05

aller5!7 ma0!


15/25

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Le+os!"os!s : ;e le+os!" dlm s!r+ulas! $*(*** 3 uL

Ter(&d :$(

la"!ha0 2era")( &a"olo5!s : !0


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Leu+em!a :;rodu+s! ?D; a05 "!da+ "er+o0"rol d!se2a2+a0 oleh

mu"as! a05 me0urus &ada +a0+er sel m!elo5e0osa 3 sel

l!m

ro055a d!a0"ara ar!05a0 a05 merada05( ?e"elah &roses

!0


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Trom2os!" ;la"ele"#

2e0"u+ 2ula" +e7!l 3 7a+ram oal ) . u m" ) .um "d+ 2er!0"! 2er5ra0ula es!7le P# m!7ro"u2ule =

m!"o7ho0dr!a

uml( dlm s!r+ulas! : $'*(*** .'*(*** 3 uL

us!a : 8 $) har!


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Gol( Darah ;er2edaa0 5ol( darah se"!a& ora05 d!se2a2+a0 o(+

ada0a A0"!5e0 A5 # ds2" u5a a5lu"!0o5e0 &d d!0d!05er!" = ada0a a0"!2od s&es!

drh( do0or P res!&!e0

Td+ 7o7o+ "ra0s


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HEMO?TA?I?Q

F!( &e07e5aha0 h!la050a darah 2!la &em2( darah

me05alam! 7edera a"au &e7ah

Melalu! 2e2era&a 7ara :Ada . la05+ah :

$( ?&asme

)( ;em2e0"u+a0 &la"ele" &lu5

( Joa5ulas!

.( ;em2e0"u+a0 ar!05a0


20/25

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G Me+a0!sme ;em2e+ua0 Darah G

Teor! Dasar : Ter5a0"u05 dr +ese!m2a05a0 a0"ara ;ro

+oa5ula0 = A0"!+oa5ula0ormal : A0"!+oa5ula0 dom!0a0 dr&d +oa5ula0

darah "!da+ mem2e+u

;2l(drh rusa+: ;ro+oa5ula0 "era+"!as! a+"!as! a0"!+oa5ula0 2e+ua0

La05+ah ;em2e+ua0 :

$( Ra05+a!a0 rea+s! +!m!aw! a05 +om&le+s de05a0le2!h dar! $)


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9lo""!05 4a7"ors

4 I : 4!2r!0o5e0

4 II : ;ro"hrom2!0

4 III : T!ssue "hrom2o&las"!0

4 IV : 9al7!um

4 V : ;roa77eler!0 - la2!le


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Jeadaa0 5 da&a" me0!m2ul+a0 &erdaraha0 he2a"$( &erdaraha0 a+!2a" de

$( V!"( J : d!s!0"es!s dlm usus ol(2a+"er! Adalah +e7e0deru05a0 &erdaraha0 a05 ham&!r

seluruh0a "erad! &ada 8' % o(+ de< ( VIII H A# 3 H Jlas!+ $' % (+ de< ( IK

+edua "s2( D!"uru0+a0 s7r reses!< mell( 7hr K#;erdaraha0 2!asa0a "erad! oleh +are0a "rauma m!sal

7a2u" 5!5!(


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K K#

>

de<

7arr!er H

H 7arr!er

+om&o0e0 2esar : BM u"aa0 de

!0"r!0s!+(

T 3 4 VIII !0 d!am2!l dr drh ma0 3 has!l re+aasa 5e0#(


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( Trom2os!"o&e0! : "rom2( dalam s!r+ulas! sa05a"

sed!+!"( ;erdaraha0 2erasal dr e0ula,) 3 +a&!ler,) +e7!l

"!m2ul 2!0"!+,) &erdaraha0 d!seluruh ar( "u2uh

2er7a+,) +e7!l u05u d!+ul!" ds2" "rom2os!"o&e0!&ur&ura(

T3 Tra0s


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;erdaraha0 &ada DH4 : alur

$# Hemora5!+ d!a"es!s : as+ulo&a"! = "rom2os!"o&e0!

&e"e7h!ae = DI9

hema"emes!s = mele0a

)# ;e &ermea2!l!"as +a&( : a+!2a" dr med!a"or asoa+"!< =

&lasma lea+a5e

# DI9 a05 d!ser"a! me "rom2o&las"!0 a05 2eredar so+ as!dos!s = "rom2os!"o&e0!(

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