kuliah statistika spasial pertemuan i

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KULIAH STATISTIKA

SPASIAL

NUR AIDI

UTAMI

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ISI

• BAHAN UTS – PENGENALAN – DESKRIPTIF – NATURAL DAN ARTIFICIAL SAMPLING – NATURAL SAMPLING

•

PELUANG• HUBUNGAN PEUBAH• HUBUNGAN DENGAN WAKTU• NORMAL• HUBUNGAN DENGAN RUANG : POLA TITIK • HUBUNGAN DENGAN RUANG : POLA BENTUK 

 – ARTIFICIAL SAMPLING• CONTOH ACAK • METODE PARAMETRIK : PENDUGAAN• METODE PARAMETRIK : HIPOTESIS• METODE NON PARAMETRIK • KORELASI• REGRESI

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ISI

• BAHAN UAS• A. POLA DISPERSI TITIK 

• PENGENALAN SPASIAL DISPERSI•

DISTRIBUSI PELUANG UNTUK SPASIAL DISPERSI• DISTRIBUSI CAMPURAN• PENDUGAAN PARAMETER•  TEST HIPOTESIS

• B. POLA KONTUR•

ANALISIS DRIFT DAN SEMIVARIOGRAM• METODE KRIGING• METODE KO KRIGING DAN BLOK KRIGING

• C. GEOINFORMATICS : HOTSPOT

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BUKU

1. JOHN SILK. 1979. STATISTICAL CONCEPT INGEOGRAPHY. LONDON

2. A. ROGERS. 1974. STATISTICAL ANALYSISOF SPATIAL DISPERSION. THE UADRATMETHOD.

!. RICARDO A. OLEA. 1974. OPTIMUMMAPPING TECHNIUES USINGREGIONALI"ED VARIABLE THEORY. KANASA

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY.

4. ERWRD H. ISAAKS AND R. MOHANSRIVASTAVA. 19#9.

APPLIED GEOSTATISTICS. NEW YORK.

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PENDAHULUAN

1. A $ B% &'( B $C )'*' A $ C

+,-/ 0(0 0(&*0 &'( &0')0( 3/(',.

2. 2 5 -,'(6 ' 8'(6 &0'&0*'( -(- &',0&'/,' +/&/''( +;'(6 +/,60 )/( +'*-'

M(6*0( */0)+;'( 8'(6 &03' (* *' */&'

'. 2 5 &',0 /)' -,'(6 ' 8'(6 0(666'; &0

&/' +;'(6 +/,60 */ +' *-'K/0)+;'( 0(0 : )(6*0( 3/(', &'( )(6*0( '&'

';'(8'% *',/(' '0; &',0 +/(&/*''(. P,-/0(0 &0/3 0(&*0< +/;'(6

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STATISTIK 

STATISTIKINFERENSIA

STATISTIKDESKRIPTIF

H3(6'((8'&/(6'( ')+;0(6+'&' </(-)/('';') =(',';>

P,-/ ';')0'8'(6 )/(8'0*'(</(-)/(' 86&0/;00 '0; 3/;)&'+' &0+,/&0*0

H3(6'((8'&/(6'( ')+;0(6+'&' </(-)/('3''(

P,-/ &0', -;/+/(/;00( +'&'</(-)/(' 86&0/;00 '0; 3/;)&'+' &0+,/&0*0

P/;'(6K/3/3''(

K/''*'(

K-(/+'00*'

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S'00* D/*,0+0< 

P/(6*,'( &0*''*'( V';0& 30;' )/,/*' 3/(',?3/(', )/(6*, '+' 8'(6 0(60( )/,/*' *,.M0'; : )/,/*' '*'( )/(,@/0 +/(&&* ';-*'0% '+0 *0' ,'6?,'6 '+'*' 3/(', ;-*'0

/,/3 3/(', =/3'0*(8' &03/,0*'( +/'>R/;0'3;/ 0*' P/(6*,'( 3/3' &',0 30'. M0'; :

A;' *, 8'(6 &06('*'( 0&'* +/,(' &0 /,';'60% /0(66' '0;(8' )(6*0( /,;'; ,/(&''' /,;'; 0(660.

S*';'

'. N-)0(';

3. O,&0(';

. I(/,@';

&. R'0-

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S'00* D/*,0+0< 

• P/(6*,'( /3'6'0 ' +,-/%)/,+'*'( ' +,-/ 8'(6)/(63(6*'( '(','

*-(/+'3,'* &/(6'(@',0'3;/+/3'

K-(/

+

V',0'

3;/P/3'D/(00 -+/,'0-(';

P/(6*,'( /3'6'0 +,-/

P/(6*,'( /3'6'0

+,-&*

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• V',0'3;/ '&';' /' 8'(6 /,*,&',0 ' 0(&0@0&% /)+' ''</(-)/(' 8'(6 )/('&0 +/,'0'(.

• P/(6')''( '&';' (0;'0 8'(6 '&'+'&' /0'+ -38/* 8'(6 &0/;00.

• P/,0(6*''( D'' –

 T'3/; F,/*/(0 – H0-6,')% D0'6,')% P-;86-( F,/*/(0%

K,@' F,/*/(0 *);'0< =O60@/>% D''(D'(

S'00* D/*,0+0< 

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S'00* D/*,0+0< 

• K/)/(;,'( =S*/>

 – M/(;, */*'('(% ',0(8' <,/*/(0/,3'(8'* +'&' +'&' (0;'0 +/(6')''(

,/(&' =P-00@/ S*/(/>

 – M/(;, */ *0,0% ',0(8' <,/*/(0/,3'(8'* +'&' (0;'0 +/(6')''( 0(660

=(/6'0@/ S*/(/>

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U*,'( P/)''( &'(P/(8/3','(

• P/)''( – M-& – M/&0'( –

R''?R''• P/(8/3','(

 – R'(6/ – K',0; –

I(/,',0;/ R'(6/ – P/,/(0; – R'6') – K-/0/( V',0'0 S'(&', D/@0'0R''?,''

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S'00* S+'0'; D/*,0+0< 

• P/(6')''( )/)+(8'0 *--,&0(' +-00(8'%*''*'( U0% V0

• M'*' P' M/&0'(% &0&'+'*'( )/;';0 +,-/0/,'0 *-)+/, 8'*(0

  )0(0))

• D0)'(' =U0% V0> *--,&0(' +/(6')''(% M +')/&0'( 8'(6 &0-3'*'(

• P' R''?R''

• S'(&', D/@0'0 J','*S&

∑= =−

n

i

ii   M V U 1 |),(|

 =

  ∑ ∑= =

n

i

n

i

ii  V 

n

U 

n

V U 

1 1

1,

1),(

22

1 1

22 )()(1

V U 

n

i

n

i

ii  V V U U 

nσ σ    += 

 −+−∑ ∑

= =

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N','; '(& A,00';S')+;0(6

Sampling Pada Kondisi Alamiah• S/0'+ +/(6*,'( 3/,00 &' *-)+-(/(1. F'*-, &-)0('( 8'(6 )/)+/(6',0 </(-)/(' 8'(6

&0/;00 8'(6 /,+,/&0*0 &0/3 predictable atau systematic2. F'*-, 8'(6 *,'(6 &-)0('( 8'(6 )/)+/,(6',0

</(-)/(' 8'(6 0&'* /,+,/&0*0% &0/3 random,unsystematic.

C-(- :K/'&0'( 6/)+' 3)0 '(6' &0+/(6',0 -;/ ;/)'(8'

,*, 3''( &';') 3)0 )/,+'*'( <'*-, &-)0('(%(')( /('(6 '* &'( /)+' /,'&0(8' )(6*0(

3/,@',0'0B/,+0(&'(8' ' +/,'''( */ /)+' ;'0( ))(8'

&0/3'3*'( -;/ 30'8'% )3/, 3''( 3'* &'( /('6'*/,' (')( *//(&'* +/)0;0* '' '/ '(8' <'*-,*/0; 8'(6 )/)+/(6',0 */+0(&''( +/,'''(.

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A;')0' =N',';>

• P'&' U))(8' F'*-, ';')0' /,/33'(8'* /*';0% &'( ;0 (*&0*/(&';0*'(&0*,% )'*' &03'

+/(8/&/,'(''( &'( ;'; &03' ')-&/;.

• M-&/; =+/;'(6> &0( 3/,&'',*'(/&0*0 +/(6/''( /('(6 <'*-,

&-)0('( 8'(6 )/)+/(6',0 */'&0'(8'(6 &0/;00. A*03'(8' +/,; */3/,'0?'0'( =(, +/;'(6 */3/,;'*'((8'*/0;>

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B''( =A,00';>

• P'&' P/(6*,'( 8'(6 ',00'; =/+/,0)/(';> <'*-,,'(&-) 6' '(6' /,3'' =&03''0> (* '(/0/(0 +/(6)+;'( &''% /;'0( 0 ')+;/+/(6*,'( 8'(6 &0+/,-;/ &',0 +,-/ /;/*0 /','-'; 6' purely random.

•

S/3'3 /;/)/( 8'(6 0&'* /,+,/&0*0 &' &0*/'0 ''&' &0*/(&';0*'(% )'*' /6';' */0)+;'( 8'(6 &03'', &0'()*'( /',' /;' 0( /,) -< +/;'(6.

• C-(- :• K0' 0(60( )/(/;00 /('(6 3/,'+' +/;'(6 ,)' &0 /+0

(6'0 '*'( /,*/(' 3'(0,.

• H'0; ,@/0 &',0 ,)'?,)' &0/+0 (6'0 &'( &00(6+,-+-,0 8'(6 /,*/(' 3'(0, =';')0'> &03'(&0(6*'(&/(6'( '0; 0);'0 /('(6 ';0,'( '0, &/(6'( ,)'?,)' 8'(6 &03'(6( ;'; &00(6 +,-+-,0(8' '*'(3/,3/&' '0;(8'. M(6*0( ;/30 ,/';00* 8'(6 +/,')'.

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Proses Stokastik dan ProsesDeterministik 

• Incorporate truly random disebut denganProses stokastik .

• Proses Stokastik  0&'* /)' &'+' &0&6'

&'( )(6*0( 3/,3/&' &',0 /)+' *//)+'% &'( &',0 '* */ '*% ''*//)+''( )/*0+( 3'0 +/(8/3'3(8'0&'* 3/,3'.

• Proses Deterministik  /;'; )/(6'0;*'('0; 8'(6 /'+ /' 3'0* *','*/,00*&',0 +,-/ 0&'* &03'.

•  Akan dijelaskan lebih detil kemudian

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P/;'(6K-(/+0

'. D/(6'( ')0 /)' 00*0(&0@0& )/)+(8'0 *//)+''( 8'(6')'% P=A>);' */'&0'( AJ);' ,'(6 -(->

3. D/(6'( F,/*/(0 R/;'0<% P=A> <,/*/(0 AT-'; +/(6')''(

. S38/*0< =P,-</0-('; J&6)/(>

S'30;0' P/;'(6 :

U(* *-(/+ A% /;'; '30; /&'(6*'( (* 3. S'30; 30;' -';+/(6')''( '* 0(66'=3'(8'* /*';0>% (* ))(8' '(6' 0&'*

S'30;C-(-: P/;'(6 *'+'( /,'&0(8' 6/)+' &0 ' K-'% '+'*'

+/(6*,'('*'( ;/30 '30; &0;'**'( +/(6')''( /;')' ,''( '( ''

+;'(

'(

P/;'(6 3/', 3*'( 3/,',0 3/-* /,'&0% +/;'(6 */0; 3*'( 3/,',03/-*

0&'* /,'&0

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R) P/;'(6