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    1. PENDAHULUAN

    2. PENGGOLONGAN MIKROORGANISME

    3. STRUKTUR DAN FUNGSI SEL MIKROORGANISME4. PERTUMBUHAN MIKROORGANISME

    5. GENETIKA MIKROORGANISME

    6. BIOENERGETIKA MIKROORGANISME

    7. PENGENDALIAN PERTUMBUHAN MIKROORGANISME8. INTERAKSI DAN PENYEBARAN MIKROORGANISME

    9. PERANAN MIKROORGANISME

    POKOK BAHASAN

    MIKROBIOLOGIMIKROBIOLOGIDASARDASAR

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    I. PENDAHULUAN

    II. EVOLUSI DAN KERAGAMAN MIKROBA

    III. TINGKATAN TAKSONOMI

    IV. SISTEM KLASIFIKASI

    V. KARAKTERISTIK UTAMA YANG DIGUNAKAN DALAMTAKSONOMI

    VI. PERKIRAAN ASSESSING) FILOGENI MIKROBA

    VII. DIVISI UTAMA ORGANISME

    VIII. BERGEY!S MANUAL OF SYSTEMATI" BA"TERIOLOGY

    I#. GARIS BESAR FILOGENI DAN KERAGAMAN PROKARIOT

    #. MENGENAL LEBIH DEKAT ANGGOTA DUNIA MIKROBA

    POKOK BAHASAN

    $2. PENGGOLONGAN MIKROORGANISME

    http://www.gbwebdesign.com/index.html
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    A. AR"HAEA

    B. BA"TERIA

    ". FUNGI

    D. ALGAE

    E. PROTO%OA

    F. VIRUS

    #. MENGENAL LEBIH DEKAT ANGGOTA DUNIA MIKROBA

    $2. PENGGOLONGAN MIKROORGANISME

    POKOK BAHASAN

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    1. EARLY DEVELOPMENT OF VIROLOGY

    2. GENERAL PROPERTIES OF VIRUSES

    3. THE "ULTIVATION OF VIRUSES

    4. VIRUS PURIFI"ATION AND ASSAYS

    5. THE STRU"TURE OF VIRUSES

    6. PRIN"IPLES OF VIRUS TA#ONOMY

    7. BA"TERIOPHAGES

    8. VIRUSES OF EU"ARYOTES

    $2. PENGGOLONGAN MIKROORGANISME

    POKOK BAHASAN

    F. VIRUS

    #. MENGENAL LEBIH DEKAT ANGGOTA DUNIA MIKROBA

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    1. EARLY DEVELOPMENT OF VIROLOGY

    $2. PENGGOLONGAN MIKROORGANISME

    F. VIRUS#. MENGENAL LEBIH DEKAT ANGGOTA DUNIA MIKROBA

    E&'()& *+,,+)-E&'()& *+,,+)-

    /0+& (+ )+) /+/ (+ )+:+, &+(+/0+& (+ )+) /+/ (+ )+:+, &+(+

    (;< 0= :(,(,(;< 0= :(,(,

    ++ (+ '+)+ (&+ +:+, /> *+,,+) && , ?,' (++ (+ '+)+ (&+ +:+, /> *+,,+) && , ?,' (

    + +>( (>+, + &+(+ '( ( :)/+ +>( (>+, + &+(+ '( ( :)/

    D) I:(,'?D) I:(,'?

    &+,)(+& ( (/(:+ (>+, 0( ( &+(+&+,)(+& ( (/(:+ (>+, 0( ( &+(+

    (+& )/> 0(+)( +)(+& )/> 0(+)( +)

    /> (>+, '( ;,/> (>+, '( ;,

    1798

    1892

    M(,= +&+ :)( &+(+ /))+& 0+)+ (,=,+ /,&+)& + ,(/)+ + (/(:+ (>+, + &+(+

    http://www.personal.psu.edu/faculty/j/e/jel5/micro/smallpx.jpg
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    1. EARLY DEVELOPMENT OF VIROLOGY

    $2. PENGGOLONGAN MIKROORGANISME

    F. VIRUS#. MENGENAL LEBIH DEKAT ANGGOTA DUNIA MIKROBA

    M(),/ B+@+),?M(),/ B+@+),? '+& ( (/(:+ (>+, 0('+& ( (/(:+ (>+, 0(

    ( &+(+ '( ,+/ (+)( &+(+ '( ,+/ (+)

    )(,)(,

    )++))+& (>+, ( +)(0+ :)/)++))+& (>+, ( +)(0+ :)/

    L++) (,& F)L++) (,& F)

    '+& ( (,&/ &+(+ , (+'+& ( (,&/ &+(+ , (+

    '( (/+& 0= +)(0+ :)/'( (/+& 0= +)(0+ :)/

    189819$$

    189819$$

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    1. EARLY DEVELOPMENT OF VIROLOGY lanjutanE+)(, (,& B(,>

    + )+ :)/+ , (/,> (>,(,+ '( +(0+&+ )+ :)/+ , (/,> (>,(,+ '( +(0+&

    +/?+( , ?+, '( (/+& 0= ( +)(0+ :)/+/?+( , ?+, '( (/+& 0= ( +)(0+ :)/

    P+=, R/P+=, R/

    '+& ( /+ /) , ?+, '+)+ (/+& 0= ( +)(0+ :)/'+& ( /+ /) , ?+, '+)+ (/+& 0= ( +)(0+ :)/

    F)+&+)? T')F)+&+)? T')

    + +;+,+ 0(+)( :)/+ '( +(0+&+ +;+,+ 0(+)( :)/+ '( +(0+&

    ) (+& 0(+)( :)/+) (+& 0(+)( :)/+

    F+; &H+)++F+; &H+)++

    ' &+:+& ( +& ) +,/+)(,> +' &+:+& ( +& ) +,/+)(,> +

    &+,)(+& ( += /& )+)&/+ ,= , :+ 0(+)(&+,)(+& ( += /& )+)&/+ ,= , :+ 0(+)(

    19$8

    1911

    1915

    1917

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Twort.jpg
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    1. EARLY DEVELOPMENT OF VIROLOGY lanjutan

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    1. EARLY DEVELOPMENT OF VIROLOGY

    2. GENERAL PROPERTIES OF VIRUSES

    3. THE "ULTIVATION OF VIRUSES

    4. VIRUS PURIFI"ATION AND ASSAYS

    5. THE STRU"TURE OF VIRUSES

    6. PRIN"IPLES OF VIRUS TA#ONOMY

    7. THE BA"TERIAL VIRUSES BA"TERIOPHAGES> +)+& ?+, +>> ,/0(+& (0/ 68 &(=(+) (=,> F>/)+ 16.1 + 0) //)+

    //(= +() '+ (/+ ) , (>() //)+ F>/)+ 16.4(, :)/ ()+

    D+)+,( +,)/>(, +()(+ ()&,> + F>/)+ 16.6(, +()(+ ()&,> &+,= ) +&+,(,

    )(+ + (,& &+,==

    +()(+ :)/+ ) +) ,+, + ;/)+

    . D+,(/)(, (,& )+(, ,(,(, ' +( H ) +:+,)>(, :+, (, ++ 0+ /+&

    :. E,=( &+>)(&(, +/() )+, (,&) ,/+ (& (,

    ++ 0+ /+& 0+(/+ :)/+ +,& 0+ )+ )+(, ++

    =+ )+(+,

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    4. VIRUS PURIFI"ATION AND ASSAYS

    $2. PENGGOLONGAN MIKROORGANISMEF. VIRUS#. MENGENAL LEBIH DEKAT ANGGOTA DUNIA MIKROBA

    0. V)/ ((=

    . P()+ /,

    D)+ /, (, 0+ (&+ ' (, ++), )+ F>/)+ 16.8 +& / ( +(>>/,(, :)/

    ()+ (, (/+ )+& 0& + / >++) ) (>>/,(+< F>/)+33.9 &/, :)/ ()+ , ( (',

    + +() ,+ )+/ ) :)( &((>+ + + )+/ ()+ +;)++&( (/+),> /, PFU + (+

    (/, :)/ ,++&+& (/+ ( +(/)(0+ ++ //(= , 5$ +

    +;+& ()>+ /, )+/ ()+ +;)++& ( ,+/ &+ ID5$< )

    +( &+ LD5$< F>/)+ 16.9+ ) 1$ , 4$$ , F>/)+ 16.1$ (& )+, ( (

    /))/,& + >+,++,+ 0= ( )+ (+& +(+0=

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    $2. PENGGOLONGAN MIKROORGANISMEF. VIRUS#. MENGENAL LEBIH DEKAT ANGGOTA DUNIA MIKROBA

    5. THE STRU"TURE OF VIRUSES LAN*UTAN/() (+

    (,& 12 :+)+ (+() +)( ,)/+& (+)+ ),> )

    ?,0(+& /,/)+ 16.12 >=)+, ?+ ++)+. V)/+ ' (& +; =+)=

    . P;:)/+ ()+ ()>+ 2$$ 4$$ ,< ' (, :& +;+)) (+

    . S+ 0(+)(>+ (:+ +; +(0)(+ (+ +& +(&

    (+&)( =+)=< /+& ( +( =+)=, ()+ ()/()= :()(0+ / :)/+ ()+ (& (:+ 0,(

    =+)= F>/)+ 16.19 , ++ )+)+-

    . N/+ (& =+

    . N/+ (& )(,&+&,+ &/0+ ) ,>+ )(,&+&+,+

    :. T+ )++,+ ) (0+,+ (, +,:++

    :. T+

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    $2. PENGGOLONGAN MIKROORGANISMEF. VIRUS#. MENGENAL LEBIH DEKAT ANGGOTA DUNIA MIKROBA

    6. PRIN"IPLES OF VIRUS TA#ONOMY

    0. I, (&&, +) ()(+) (, 0+ ,&+)+&-. "APSID SYMMETRY

    . DIAMETER OF "APSID OR NU"LEO"APSID

    . NUMBER OF "APSOMERES IN I"OSAHEDRAL VIRUSES

    :. IMMUNOLOGI"AL PROPERTIES

    :. GENE NUMBER AND GENOMI" MAP

    :. INTRA"ELLULAR LO"ATION OF VIRUS REPLI"ATION

    :. PRESEN"E OR ABSEN"E OF A DNA INTERMEDIATE IN THEREPLI"ATION OF RNA VIRUSES

    :. TYPE OF VIRUS RELEASE

    ;. DISEASE "AUSED BY THE VIRUS

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    "(+) C+0 L,?A + V)>= , + CCC

    (http://www.tulane.edu/~dmsander/garryfavweb.html)All the Virology on the WWW "seeks to be the best single site for Virology information on the Internet. We have

    collected all the virology related Web sites that might be of interest to our fellow virologists, and others interestedin learning more about viruses".

    T+ B> P/)+ B? V)/+

    (http://www.tulane.edu/~dmsander/Big_Virology/BVFamilyenome.html)

    The Big icture Book of Viruses is "intended to serve as both a catalog of virus !ictures on the WWW and as an

    educational resource to those seeking more information about viruses".

    E+), ) (>+ H/(, V)/+

    http://www.u!t.a!."a/depts/mmi/stannard/linda.html)#lectron microso!ic images of $uman Viruses % &inda 'tannard(s "illustrated tutorial on the mor!hology of most

    of the clinically significant viruses. The section on $e!atitis B virus is es!ecially recommended".

    V/((, V)/+ ( + U,:+)= C,, M(&,

    (http://www.bo!#labs.wis!.edu/virusvi"top.html)

    T+ I,&+; V)/

    (http://life.anu.edu.au/viruses/$!tv/inde%.html)The Inde) Virum !resents lists of virus ta)a that reflect the currently a!!roved classification of the International

    *ommittee on Ta)onomy of Viruses I*TV+.

    http://all%20the%20virology%20on%20the%20www.htm/http://the%20big%20picture%20book%20of%20viruses.htm/http://electron%20microsopic%20images%20of%20human%20viruses.htm/http://www.bocklabs.wisc.edu/virusviztop.htmlhttp://the%20index%20virum.htm/http://the%20index%20virum.htm/http://www.bocklabs.wisc.edu/virusviztop.htmlhttp://electron%20microsopic%20images%20of%20human%20viruses.htm/http://the%20big%20picture%20book%20of%20viruses.htm/http://all%20the%20virology%20on%20the%20www.htm/
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    7. THE BA"TERIAL VIRUSES BA"TERIOPHAGES="(& )>=--

    H+(H+(- )+, )( +0+,/? )( &+?+,>- )+, )( +0+,/? )( &+?+,>

    (( ,/?+(. D(( ?(?/ ((/ +?0+.(( ,/?+(. D(( ?(?/ ((/ +?0+.T0( ( :)/T0( ( :)/

    E0( :)/E0( :)/

    P=+&)(P=+&)(- 0(,=(? . B+,/? // (&((- 0(,=(? . B+,/? // (&(((+&),(+&), &+,>(, 2$ /?( +>>( &(, 12 /&/ &+,>(, 2$ /?( +>>( &(, 12 /&/P:)/P:)/

    H+)+:)/H+)+:)/

    "+; :)/+"+; :)/+- 0+,/? &(? +)(/) //+ +/,=( +)(0/ +0()(, &(, ( =(,>B(+)(>+ +/,=( +)(0/ +0()(, &(, ( =(,>

    +)?( (&+)?( (&

    P;:)/+ +/,=( 0+0+)(( +/0/,> +0/,>?/ ((P;:)/+ +/,=( 0+0+)(( +/0/,> +0/,>?/ ((

    ,/?+(.,/?+(.

    $2. PENGGOLONGAN MIKROORGANISMEF VIRUS

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    F. VIRUS#. MENGENAL LEBIH DEKAT ANGGOTA DUNIA MIKROBA

    3. STRUKTUR VIRUS

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    V)/ +0 ?+ &0(,&,>?(, +0(>(, 0+() +V)/ +0 ?+ &0(,&,>?(, +0(>(, 0+() +

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    micro.magnet.fsu.edu/ cells/virus.html AKSES 30/03/06

    V)/ +0 ?+ &0(,&,>?(, +0(>(, 0+() +V)/ +0 ?+ &0(,&,>?(, +0(>(, 0+() +

    B Vi l St tB Vi l St t

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    B. Viral StructureB. Viral Structure

    1.1. Genome:Genome:

    2.2. Capsid/CapsomerersCapsid/Capsomerers

    3.3. EnelopesEnelopes

    !i"ure 1#.2 Viral structure!i"ure 1#.2 Viral structure

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    !i"ure 1#.02$1 Adenoirus!i"ure 1#.02$1 Adenoirus

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    DNA /,( /,>>( DNA>( DNA(,&( &DNA(,&( &DNA( RNA>( RNA

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    HOST RANGE- SPE"TRUM OF HOSTS A VIRUS "AN INFE"THOST RANGE- SPE"TRUM OF HOSTS A VIRUS "AN INFE"T

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    B(+)(B(+)(

    A,(A,(

    P(,P(,

    F/,>F/,>

    P)P)

    HOST RANGE- SPE"TRUM OF HOSTS A VIRUS "AN INFE"T.HOST RANGE- SPE"TRUM OF HOSTS A VIRUS "AN INFE"T.

    VIRAL SPE"IFI"ITY- TYPES OF "ELLS THAT VIRUS "AN INFE"T.VIRAL SPE"IFI"ITY- TYPES OF "ELLS THAT VIRUS "AN INFE"T. D+))D+))

    N+/))N+/))

    P,+/)P,+/)

    L=)L=)

    V+))- L:+) +() ++, +.V+))- L:+) +() ++, +.

    Lsogenic versus Ltic !cles ofLsogenic versus Ltic !cles of

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    g g

    Bacterio"hageBacterio"hage

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    Life !cle #a"ovirus $ %irusLife !cle #a"ovirus $ %irus

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    Life !cle #a"ovirus $ %irusLife !cle #a"ovirus $ %irus

    D&A'D&A'

    R " RNA DNA R T R+) ) + ", +) RNA , DNA ( R+ +)+ T)(,)(+

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    R+):)/+ ",:+) RNA , DNA :( R+:+)+ T)(,)(+R+):)/+ ",:+) RNA , DNA :( R+:+)+ T)(,)(+

    Structure of In(uen)aStructure of In(uen)a

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    Structure of In(uen)aStructure of In(uen)a

    %irus%irus

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    Viruses and CancerViruses and Cancer

    1. Cancer results from the uncontrolled reproduction of cells2. Certain chemicals are known to be carcinoges or cancer-causing substances

    3. Evidence that viruses are carcinogenic

    4. Example herpesviruses associated with tumors of the human cervix

    !. Cancer development the oncogene theor"