talk about recent syrian civil war and student roles upon muslim's world

Ceramah Syria &“Peranan Mahasiswa di dalam

Pergolakan Dunia” - Ustaz Ahmad Daud Ishak El Merbawiy ACIS, UiTM Kampus Rekreasi Bukit Besi (KRBB)

1. Pengenalan Mengenai Syria2. Punca Terjadi Revolusi Syria3. Kedudukan Keselamatan Warga Syria Memahami Pergolakan Syria

ANCIENTHISTORY OF SYRIA

Pengenalan Mengenai Syria• Syria was often called the Cradle of Civilization and the Gateway to History, • Syria has a lot to offer history and the development of civilized man. Since approximately 10 000 BC Syria was one of centers where agriculture and cattle breeding appeared for the first time in the world. • The following period is represented by rectangular

houses culture.

• At that time people used vessels made of stone, gyps and burnt lime. Finds of tools from Anatolia are evidences of early trade relations. Cities of Hamoukar and Emar played an important role during the Bronze Age.

POLITICALHISTORY OF SYRIA

• Syria fell to the Ottoman Turks in 1516 and remained a part of their Ottoman Empire for four centuries.

• In early 1918, Arab and British armies entered Damascus ending 400 years of Ottoman occupation.

King Faisal I

Coup-De’tat by Hussni az-Za’im

• Later in 1918, Syria was declared an independent kingdom under King Faisal I, son of Sharif Hussein. In 1949, Syria's national government was overthrown by military led by

Hussni al-Zaim.

Gamal Abdel Naser

• Later that year Zaim was overthrown by his colleague Sami al-Hinnawi. Few months later, Hinnawi was overthrown by Colonel Adib al-Sheeshakli. The western threat was also one of the reasons that helped achieve Syria's union with Egypt

• Egypt under the United Arab Republic in February 1958, with Egyptian Gamal Abdel Nasser as president. Nasser's condition to accept union with Syria was dissolving all Syrian political parties.

ECONOMY OF SYRIA

• The rest of the industrial economy is divided roughly between three areas: chemicals, rubber and plastics; textiles and leather goods; and food and drink.

• The service economy is relatively under-developed but expanding rapidly: tourism especially has seen exceptional growth to the extent that the Syrian Arab Republic now receives over 1 million visitors annually.

ECONOMY OF SYRIA

• The main components of the Syrian economy are agriculture and oil. In the agricultural sector, cotton is the principal commodity and a key export. Wheat, barley, fruit and vegetables are the other main products, the bulk of which are grown for domestic consumption.

• Oil is the main industry and provides two-thirds of Syrian export earnings, although the future of the sector is limited by the relatively small size of the Syrian Arab Republic’s

Syrian Independent

• Finally, in 1958, the one coherent, powerful, and mobile force, the army leadership, threw the country into the arms of the one Arab leader they admired and trusted, Egypt’s President Gamal Abdel Nasser. They thought and hoped that Egypt, always the bellwether of the Arab world, could give them stability. So, for three and a half years, Syria became a part of the United Arab Republic.

Asad Regime

• It was in answer to the perceived weakness of Syrian statehood and the disorder of Syrian political life that the first Assad regime was established in 1970 by Hafez al-Assad, the father of the current leader. The Assad family came from the Alawi (a.k.a. Nusairi) minority, which includes about one in eight Syrians and about a quarter of a million people in both Lebanon and Turkey. Like the Jews, the Alawis consider themselves the “chosen people,” but they are regarded by Orthodox Muslims as heretics.

10 easy points to understand Syrian Conflict

Punca Terjadi Revolusi Syria• 1. Syria has Controvertial EnvironmentA country smaller than the state of Victoria with almost the exact same population as Australia (22.5 million to our 23 million) which borders Turkey, Iraq, Jordan, Israel and Lebanon. Syria has both deserts and fertile areas and is steeped in history dating back to biblical times.

• 2. The Syrian RegimeSo the people have not been protesting against hard-line Islamists, as happened in other countries which participated in the Arab Spring uprisings.But people are still angry at their government. As Rodger Shanahan points out, what they're angry about is the failure of long-promised economic and political reforms.


• 3. The Civil Wars has already begunRodger Shanahan says the catalyst was the jailing on March 6, 2011, of some children who painted anti-regime graffiti. Some were killed in detention, and this led to public protests which spread around the country - fuelled by the failure of the government to punish the perpetrators.

• 4. The rebellion growsBy July 2011, the Free Syrian Army (FSA) had formed. As Dr Shanahan explains, the FSA never existed before that. "Local areas formed their own militias with the aim of toppling the government without any co-ordination or centralised command or control," he says.

"The militias were a combination of local area tribal groups, deserters from the military [who had been conscripted despite holding anti-government beliefs] and disaffected locals."


• 5. Bad guys on both sides are killing civiliansThe woman's name is Ghinwa and she wrote by text:• "The situation is very bad now in Latakia province. 7 Alawite villages

were massacred. We know about the killing of 136 villagers all killed on sectarian bases. A friend of mind lost 21 member of his relatives.

• "All of my friends who were documenting the name and the events of massacres in Latakia against Alawites are now being threatened to be killed by FSA and Al Nusra terrorists … On TV we are shown something different. It is only a propaganda. They're trying to say that Alawites are not being killed or displaced. The truth is being hidden by mass media. .. This is sick…


• 6. The Civilians Casualties and Accusations both sidesDr Shanahan says there is evidence that opposition car bombs have killed countless civilians in the name of taking out a government target. But there are equally distressing reports that government soldiers executed civilians. Others, shockingly, were executed for taking a moral stance and failing to follow orders to execute civilians.• Like we said, it's a bloody mess. Literally. The death toll

in the war is now said to be well over 100,000.


• 7. Asmaa’ Asad’s role and Glamourous AttitudeIn March 2011, the American version of Vogue magazine ran a long, glowing profile of Asma al-Assad. Talk about bad timing. The story was soon removed from Vogue's website and the journalist who wrote it tried to cover her tracks by penning a separate story elsewhere entitled "First Lady of Hell".• Even as the Civil war rages, the Assad family remains

popular with many middle class Syrians, especially urbanised Sunni Muslims, says Dr Rodger Shanahan. "They still prefer him to the opposition," he says.


• 8. Refugee hell• Father David Smith visited several camps across the border in

Lebanon - a country whose population of 4.3 million is bulging with the influx of a total of nearly 2 million Palestinian and Syrian refugees.

• "The camps I saw were deeply impressive," Father Dave says. "Every Palestinian family took in two, maybe three Syrian families. These included polygamous families which presented a whole new problem. The wives often lived in separate houses in Syria but now they were not just under the same roof but sleeping on the same floor. The domestic violence and rape problems are enormous. I was deeply impressed with camp and people running it."


• 9. Chemical weapons"They have a mandate to say whether a chemical attack occurred but not to apportion blame," Dr Shanahan cautions. "First, they have to establish whether an incident occurred [it is still disputed by some] and at what level the action was authorised. It is plausible that Assad didn't authorise it but a local commander did.“• 10. What’s Next?.....• The world waits. "You would think the way diplomatic manoeuvrings

are going that if there is some kind of military strike it would be quite limited," Dr Shanahan says. "It would be punitive, not designed to tip the military balance."

• In other words, no Iraq-style invasion or prolonged Western intervention. And Father Dave's opinion of what comes next? He doesn't know. But he's praying. He speaks of a man he met in Syria who said he's gone "from unemployment to slavery". That's his way of saying the revolution has so far achieved a whole bunch of nothing except bloodshed and dislocation.

• "I see the faces of all those beautiful people and I pray," he says.

Mengapa bantu Syria?.

Severed Impact of Civil War --- No other than a grave Massacre

THANKS FOR SHARING!

Wassalaamu ‘Alaykum…

talk about recent syrian civil war and student roles upon muslim's world

Documents