rm e composite grillage oenorm

8/12/2019 RM E Composite Grillage OENORM

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RM BridgeProfessional Engineering Software for Bridges of all Types

RM Bridge V8i

October 2010

TRAINING COMPOSITE GRILLAGE RM -NORM


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RM BRIDGE

Training Composite Grillage RM - NORM I

Bentley Systems Austria

Contents

1 Design Criteria ............................................................................................................. 1-11.1 Materials .............................................................................................................. 1-11.2 Design Loadings: ................................................................................................. 1-2

1.2.1 Dead Load:....................................................................................................... 1-21.2.2 Live Load ......................................................................................................... 1-21.2.3 Dynamical Coefficient ..................................................................................... 1-61.2.4 Wind Loads:..................................................................................................... 1-61.2.5 Thermal Forces: ............................................................................................... 1-71.2.6 Creep and Shrinkage: ....................................................................................... 1-71.2.7 Pier Settlement: ................................................................................................ 1-7

1.3 Load Combinations: ............................................................................................ 1-72 System Modifications .................................................................................................. 2-1

2.1 Definition of Elements for the Shear Studs ......................................................... 2-13 Loads............................................................................................................................ 3-1

3.1 Load Manager ...................................................................................................... 3-13.2 Defining Loads .................................................................................................... 3-1

3.2.1 Definition of Load Cases for Self Weight ....................................................... 3-23.2.2 Definition of Load Cases for the Superimposed Dead Loads ......................... 3-53.2.3 Definition of Load Cases for the Creep and Shrinkage Effects....................... 3-5

4 Construction Stages ..................................................................................................... 4-14.1 Stage 1 ................................................................................................................. 4-1

4.1.1 Element Activation .......................................................................................... 4-14.1.2 Calculation (Static) .......................................................................................... 4-2

4.2 Stage 2 ................................................................................................................. 4-24.2.1 Element Activation .......................................................................................... 4-24.2.2 Calculation (Static) .......................................................................................... 4-3

4.3 Stage 3 ................................................................................................................. 4-34.3.1 Element Activation .......................................................................................... 4-34.3.2 Calculation (Static) .......................................................................................... 4-5

4.4 Stage 4 ................................................................................................................. 4-6


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RM BRIDGE

Training Composite Grillage RM - NORM II


4.4.1 Element Activation .......................................................................................... 4-64.5

Final stage ............................................................................................................ 4-7

4.5.1 Element Activation .......................................................................................... 4-74.5.2 Calculation (Static) .......................................................................................... 4-7

5 Additional Loads ......................................................................................................... 5-95.1 Definition of Settlement Load Cases ................................................................... 5-95.2 Definition of Temperature Load Case ............................................................... 5-105.3 Definition of Wind Load Cases ......................................................................... 5-115.4 Calculation of Additional Loadings................................................................... 5-13

6 Superposition of Additional Loadings ......................................................................... 6-17 Traffic .......................................................................................................................... 7-3

7.1 Traffic Definition ................................................................................................. 7-37.2 Traffic Lanes ........................................................................................................ 7-57.3 Traffic Loads ....................................................................................................... 7-97.4 Traffic Calculation ............................................................................................. 7-107.5 Traffic Superposition ......................................................................................... 7-14

8

Load Combinations ...................................................................................................... 8-1

9 Fibre Stress Check ....................................................................................................... 9-19.1 Definition of the Stress Limits ............................................................................. 9-19.2 Inserting the Actions into the Construction Schedule ......................................... 9-2

10 Ultimate Load Check ................................................................................................. 10-110.1 Strain/Stress Values ........................................................................................... 10-1

10.1.1 Reinforcement: BSt_550 ........................................................................... 10-110.1.2 Concrete: Type C 30/37 ............................................................................. 10-1

10.2 Reinforcement Definition .................................................................................. 10-210.3 Inserting the Actions into the Construction Schedule ....................................... 10-3

11 Shear and Equivalent Stresses for Steel..................................................................... 11-5


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RM Bridge Design Cr iteria

Training Composite Grillage RM - NORM 1-1


1 Design Criteria

General explanations about the structure and the modelling as well as the detailed descrip-

tion of node and element numbering is already discussed in TRAINING 5 (GP). In this part

of the documentation only definitions and features used in RMare described.

The following design criteria are used in this example:

Material: OENORM bridge design specifications

Loads: simple loadings only used to demonstrate the program capabilities

Checks: simple checks only used to demonstrate the program capabilities

1.1 Materials

Reinforcement: BSt_550

Yield Strength: 550000 kN/m2

Modulus of Elasticity: 2.0000E+08 kN/m2

Concrete: Type C 30/37

28 day Cylinder Compressive Strength: 37000 kN/m2

Modulus of Elasticity: 3.2000E+07 kN/m2

Steel: Fe_360

Yield Strength: 240000 kN/m2

Modulus of Elasticity: 2.1000E+08 kN/m

2

Allow. longit. tens. str.-General 160000 kN/m2

Allow. longit. compr. str.-General -160000 kN/m2


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1.2 Design Loadings:

1.2.1 Dead Load:

Self weight (concrete) : 25 kN/m3

Self weight (steel) 78.5 kN/m3

Additional dead load (asphalt, traffic barriers..): 16.0 kN/m each main girder

1.2.2 Liv e Load

The live load calculation is defined according to the Austrian Standard OENORM B4002

including the rules of the RVS. Therefore also heavy trucks with 200to and 150to have to

be considered. The following pictures show the different loading positions that have to be

taken into account.

1.2.2.1 System

9.0m

4.5m 4.5m

3.75m 3.75m0.75m 0.75m

2.0m 5.0m 2.0m

7.5m


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LaneSet SV1:

250kN

q=6.29 kN/m

250kN

12 35 4

z

y

Lane

LaneSet SV2:

250kN 250kN

q=6.29 kN/m

z

y

12 35 4Lane

LaneSet SFZ200-1/2/3:

For this LaneSet there are three different positions in the cross-section for taking into ac-

count the heavy truck with 200to. The truck has to be positioned 1.0m left of the middle of

the roadway, the second position is 1.0m right of the middle and the third position is di-

rectly in the middle of the roadway. The loadings on the sidewalks have also to be consid-

ered.


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2000kN

12 135 4

z

y

11

1.0m 1.0m

LaneSet SFZ150-1/2:

1500 kN

315 33

z

y

32

1.875m 1.875m

4

250 kN


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225 23 21 4

1500 kN

zy

1.875m 1.875m

250 kN


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1.2.3 Dynam ical Coeff icient

The dynamical coefficient is calculated according to the OENORM B4002 Table 1. All

loadings on the roadway have to be multiplied with this factor. The live load on the side-

walk has not to be multiplied with a dynamical factor (.

For the additional loadings according to the RVS 15.114 for special trucks following dy-

namical coefficient has to be applied:

2

1

`

17.12

33.11

`

Intensity of the uniform live loads:

26.29kN/m 2.245750550.7 lq

1.2.4 Wind Load s:

Wind loadings are calculated according to OENORM (Austrian Standard).

Wind without traffic:

Wind on Structure (MG1): 3.43 kN/m (in the centroid)


Wind on Structure (PIERS): 13.07 kN/m (in the centroid)

Wind with traffic:



Wind on Structure (PIERS): 6.53 kN/m (in the centroid)

Wind on Live Load (MG1): 1.10 kN/m (1.25 m above the deck)

Wind on Live Load (MG2): 1.10 kN/m (1.25 m above the deck)


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1.2.5 Thermal Forces:

Thermal Coefficient: 1.0 e-05 per C

Uniform temperature load: 20 C

1.2.6 Creep and Shrink age:

Time dependent effects calculated in accordance with OENORM 4750 Creep & Shrinkage

model code.

1.2.7 Pier Settlement:

1 cm at each abutment and pier axis

1.3 Load Combinations:

The Load combinations are defined according to OENORM.

Sum load case 100 permanent loadings

Sum load case 200 additional permanent loadings

Sum load case 600 Creep & shrinkage

Load case 699 End Creep &shrinkageSuperposition traffic.sup Traffic loading

Superposition wind-wot.sup Wind without traffic

Superposition wind-t.sup Wind including traffic

Superposition Temp_uniform.sup Uniform temperature loadings

Superposition settle.sup Settlement


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SLS Comb I Comb II Comb III Comb IV

Combin

ationtableSLS

For the ULS calculation the value GAMMA as a security factor on material side is a l-

ready taken into account in the stress/strain diagrams for Steel with =1.15 and for concrete

using =1.50.

ULS Comb V Comb VI Comb VII Comb VIII Comb IX

CombinationtableULS


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RM Bridge System Modif ications



2 System Modifications

2.1 Definition of Elements for the Shear Studs

To complete the structural definitions also the elements representing the shear studs

have to be defined in RM. For these elements a special numbering system has to beused. The elements must have the number of the steel beam elements +10000. That

means shear stud element at element 1101 is 11101. The element type is spring. To

define spring constants is not necessary. The definition for main girder 1 is shown be-

low. Also a Group name for later plotting of results will be assigned to these elements.

For the spring elements at the first main girder the group should be MG1 -S and at the

second main girder MG2-S.

InsertnewElements


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RM Bridge Loads



3 Loads

3.1 Load Manager

The following actions can be made with LMANAGE

An individual loading case can be defined so that, after calculation, its re-sults are automatically added to 1,2 or 3 other loading case numbers.

An individual loading case can be defined so that, after calculation, its re-sults are automatically combined into 1,2 or 3 envelopes.

The loading cases and envelopes that are being added or combined into,

must have been defined prior to this Info action.

Choose insert after to insert all necessary load management definitions.

T

able

Loadmanag.:Loadmanag.:

SW SDL CS

Load Case 1: LC0100 LC0200 LC0600

Type: o Total o Total o TotalLoad Case 2: LC1000 LC1000 LC1000

Type: o Total o Total o TotalLoad Case 3: - - -

Type: o Total o Total o Total

The final creep loading case is No 699 is not added to the general loading case 600 as it

is necessary to have the final creep and shrinkage effects separate for checking the

structure including all live loadings and other loading combinations at time zero (after

construction, before final creep and shrinkage) and at time infinity.

3.2 Defining Loads

Several loads can be combined into one LOAD CASE. Later on these LOAD CASES

can be calculated in the Construction schedule.

Select CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE and LOAD DEFINTION to start the load-

ing definitions.

Select to open the load definition input window.


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RM Bridge Loads



3.2.1 Definit ion of Load Cases for Self Weight

Insert a new loading case.

LC-Selfweight

LoadCase:LoadCase:

LC0101

Insert: Upper List

Duration Type: P

Load Management: SW

Insert: Bottom List

Loading:Uniform

LoadUniform

LoadUniform

LoadUniform

LoadUniform

Load

LoadType:Selfweightjust as load

Selfweightjust as load




Confirm: OK OK OK OK OK

From: 1101 2101 101 201 3101

To: 1144 2144 105 205 3116

Step: 1 1 1 1 1

Rx: 0 0 0 0 0

Ry: -1 -1 -1 -1 -1

Rz: 0 0 0 0 0

Gamma: 78.5 78.5 25.0 25.0 78.5

Type: Real Length Real Length Real Length Real Length Real LengthConfirm: OK OK OK OK OK


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RM Bridge Loads



LC-Selfweight

LoadCase:

LoadCase:

LC0102

Insert: Upper List

Duration Type: P

Load Management: SW

Insert: Bottom Lidz

Loading:Uniform

Load

Uniform

Load

Uniform

Load

Uniform

Load

Uniform

Load

Uniform

Load

LoadType:

Uniform

concentric

element

load

Uniform

concentric

element

load

Uniform

concentric

element

load

Uniform

concentric

element

load

Uniform

concentric

element

load

Uniform

concentric

element

load

Confirm: OK OK OK OK OK OK

From: 1101 2101 1117 2117 1137 2137To: 1108 2108 1128 2128 1144 2144

Step: 1 1 1 1 1 1

Qx [kN/m] 0 0 0 0 0 0

Qy [kN/m] -24.45 -24.45 -24.45 -24.45 -24.45 -24.45

Qz [kN/m] Global Global Global Global Global Global

DirectionReal

length

Real

length

Real

length

Real

length

Real

length

Real

length

Load application

Load/Unit

length

Load/Unit

length

Load/Unit

length

Load/Unit

length

Load/Unit

length

Load/Unit

length



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RM Bridge Loads



LC-Selfweight

LoadCase:

LoadCase:

LC0103

Insert: Upper List

Duration Type: P

Load Management: SW

Insert: Bottom List

Loading:Uniform

Load

Uniform

Load

Uniform

Load

Uniform

Load

LoadType:

Uniform

concentric

element

load

Uniform

concentric

element

load

Uniform

concentric

element

load

Uniform

concentric

element

load

Confirm: OK OK OK OK

From: 1109 2109 1129 2129To: 1116 2116 1136 2136

Step: 1 1 1 1

Qx [kN/m] 0 0 0 0

Qy [kN/m] -24.45 -24.45 -24.45 -24.45

Qz [kN/m]

Direction Global Global Global Global

Load applicationReal

length

Real

length

Real

length

Real

length



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RM Bridge Loads



3.2.2 Definit ion of Load Cases for the Superim pos ed Dead Loads

LCS

uperimposedDeadLoad

LoadCase:LoadCase:

LC0204

Insert: Upper List

Duration Type: P

Load Management: SDL

Insert: Bottom List

Loading:Uniform

Load

Uniform

Load

LoadType:

Uniform

concentricelement

load

Uniform

concentricelement

load

Confirm: OK OK

From: 1301 2301

To: 1344 2344

Step: 1 1

Rx: 0 0

Ry: -16 -16

Rz: 0 0

Gamma: Global Global

Type:Real

length

Real

lengthConfirm: OK OK

3.2.3 Definit ion of Load Cases for the Creep and Shrinkage Effects

LCC

+S

Name:Name:

LC0602 LC0603 LC0699

Insert: Upper List Upper List Upper List

Duration Type: P P P

Load Manag.: C+S C+S -

Description: - - -

Insert: Bottom List Bottom List Bottom List

No Input nec-essary

No Input nec-essary

No Input nec-essary


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RM Bridge Construction Stages



4 Construction Stages

4.1 Stage 1

4.1.1 Element Ac tivation

Open the construction schedule input window with CONSTRCUTION SCHED-

ULE andSTAGE ACTIONS AND ACTIVATION.

Create a new stage (stage 1)

Select

The entire activation plan for the bridge construction is summarised in this window.

Select the (upper) append button to open the input window for the construction stage

definition. Insert the construction stage number and the descriptionStage 1 here.

Select the (lower) append button to open the input window for element activa-

tion/deactivation.

Activate elements for stage 1 as shown in the following table.

Activation

Construction Stage:Construction Stage:

Stage1

Insert: Bottom List

Type: Active Active Active Active Active

From: 1101 2101 4100 4101 4145

To: 1144 2144 4200 4201 4245

Step: 1 1 100 100 100

Age: 0 0 0 0 0

ts: - - - - -


Activation


Stage1

Insert: Bottom List

Type: Active Active Active Active Active Active

From: 101 201 100 4113 4133 3101

To: 105 205 200 4213 4233 3116

Step: 1 1 100 100 100 1

Age: 28 28 0 0 0 0

ts: - - - - - -



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4.1.2 Calcu latio n (Static)

Open the construction schedule Actions input window by selecting

Select the (lower) append button to add an action and insert the actions shown in the

table below.

ActionsS

tage

1

ConstructionStage:

Construction

Stage:

Stage1 Stage1 Stage1 Stage1 Stage1 Stage1

Insert: Bottom List Bottom List Bottom List Bottom List Bottom List Bottom List

Action:LC/Envelop

e Action

LC/Envelop

e Action

LC/Envelop

e Action

LC/Envelop

e Action

Calculation

Static

Calculation

Static

Type: LcInit LcInit LcInit LcInit Calc LcInit

Input 1: - - - - LC0101 LC1000

Input 2: - - - - - -

Input 3: - - - - - -

Output 1: LC0100 LC0200 LC0600 LC1000 - LC1001

Output 2: - - - - * -

Delta-T: - - - - - -

Description: - - - - - -


4.2 Stage 2


No activation for this stage 2 is done because in this stage only the wet concrete is

loaded on the steel elements (concrete elements are not activated yet).


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Action

sS

tage2

ConstructionStage:

Construction

Stage:

Stage2 Stage2 Stage2


Action:LC/Envelope

Action

LC/Envelope

Action

LC/Envelope

Action

Type: Calc Creep LcInit

Input 1: LC0102 - LC1000

Input 2: - 1 -Input 3: - - -

Output 1: - LC0602 LC1002

Output 2: * - -

Delta-T: 0 14 0

Description: - - -

Confirm: OK OK OK

Plot diagrams can be made at any time in the Construction schedule. By setting a new

RMSet for each individual plot. When creating RMSets the function copy is very

useful.

4.3 Stage 3


Activation


Stage3

Insert:Bottom

ListBottom

ListBottom

ListBottom

ListBottom

ListBottom

List


From: 1201 2201 1217 2217 1237 2237

To: 1208 2208 1228 2228 1244 2244Step: 1 1 1 1 1 1

Age: 7 7 7 7 7 7

ts: 0 0 0 0 0 0



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Activation

Construction Stage:

Construction Stage:

Stage3

Insert:Bottom

ListBottom

ListBottom

ListBottom

ListBottom

ListBottom

List


From: 1301 2301 1317 2317 1337 2337

To: 1308 2308 1328 2328 1344 2344

Step: 1 1 1 1 1 1

Age: 0 0 0 0 0 0

ts: 0 0 0 0 0 0


Activation


Stage3

Insert:Bottom

ListBottom

ListBottom

ListBottom

ListBottom

ListBottom

List


From: 3201 3209 3301 3309 301 319

To: 3204 3212 3304 3312 309 329

Step: 1 1 1 1 1 1

Age: 7 7 0 0 7 7

ts: 0 0 0 0 0 0


Activation


Stage3

Insert:Bottom

ListBottom

ListBottom

ListBottom

ListBottom

ListBottom

List


From: 339 11101 11117 11137 12101 12117

To: 347 11108 11128 11144 12108 12128

Step: 1 1 1 1 1 1

Age: 7 0 0 0 0 0

ts: 0 0 0 0 0 0



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ActionsS

tage3

Construction Stage:

ConstructionStage:

Stage2 Stage2 Stage2


Action:Calculation

(Static)Calculation

(Static)Load case

action

Type: Calc Creep LcInit

Input 1: LC0103 - LC1000

Input 2: - 1 -Input 3: - - -

Output 1: - LC0603 LC 1003

Output 2: * - -

Delta-T: 0 14 0

Description: - - -

Confirm: OK OK OK

Plot diagrams can be made at any time in the Construction schedule. By setting a new

RMSet for each individual plot. When creating RMSets the function copy is very

useful.


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4.4 Stage 4


Activation


Stage4

Insert:Bottom

ListBottom

ListBottom

ListBottom

ListBottom

ListBottom

List


From: 1209 1229 1309 1329 2209 2229

To: 1216 1236 1316 1336 2216 2236

Step: 1 1 1 1 1 1

Age: 7 7 0 0 7 7ts: 0 0 0 0 0 0


Ac

tivation


Stage4

Insert:Bottom

ListBottom

ListBottom

ListBottom

ListBottom

ListBottom

List


From: 2309 2329 3205 3213 3305 3313

To: 2316 2336 3211 3216 3311 3316

Step: 1 1 1 1 1 1

Age: 0 0 7 7 0 0

ts: 0 0 0 0 0 0


Activ

ation


Stage4

Insert:Bottom

ListBottom

ListBottom

ListBottom

ListBottom

ListBottom

List


From: 310 330 11109 11129 12109 12129To: 318 338 11116 11136 12116 12136

Step: 1 1 1 1 1 1

Age: 7 7 0 0 0 0

ts: 0 0 0 0 0 0



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Calculation (Static)

Actio

nsS

tage4

Construction Stage:

ConstructionStage:

Stage4

Insert: Bottom List Bottom List

Action:Calculation

(Static)Calculation

(Static)

Type: Calc LcInit

Input 1: LC0204 LC1000

Input 2: - -

Input 3: - -Output 1: - LC1004

Output 2: * -

Delta-T: 0 0

Description: - -

Confirm: OK OK

4.5 Final stage


In this stage there is no element activation necessary. All elements are already activated.


ActionsS

tage99

Construction Stage:

ConstructionStage:

Stage99

Insert: Bottom List Bottom List Bottom ListAction:

Calculation(Static)

Calculation(Static)

Load caseaction

Type: Creep LcInit LcAdd

Input 1: - LC1000 LC0699

Input 2: 1 - -

Input 3: - - -

Output 1: LC0603 LC1099 LC1099

Output 2: - - -

Delta-T: 1e+04 0 0

Description: - - -

Confirm: OK OK OK


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RM Bridge Additional L oads



5 Additional Loads Select to open the load definition input window

Define following and load cases and for the loading of the temperature gradient a

load Set that will be added into a Load Case.

5.1 Definition of Settlement Load Cases

Change to CONSTRCUTION SCHEDULE and LOAD DEFINITION LCASE

and define a series of load case for Settlement at the abutments and at the piers.

LCA

dd.

Load

s-Settlement

LoadCase:LoadCase:

LC0021 LC0022 LC0023 LC0024

Insert: Upper List

Duration Type: NP

Load Management: -

Insert: Bottom List

Loading:

Actions

on ele-

ment end

Actions

on ele-

ment end

Actions

on ele-

ment end

Actions

on ele-

ment end

LoadType:Element-

end de-

formation

Element-

end de-

formation

Element-

end de-

formation

Element-

end de-

formationConfirm: OK OK OK OK

From 4100 100 200 4200

to 4100 100 200 4200

Step 1 1 1 1

Vx [m] 0 0 0 0

Vy [m] -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01

Vz [m] 0 0 0 0

Direction Global Global Global Global

Rx [Rad] 0 0 0 0

Ry [Rad] 0 0 0 0

Rz [Rad] 0 0 0 0

Where End End End End



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5.2 Definition of Temperature Load Case

Under CONSTRCUTION SCHEDULE LOAD DEFINITION LCASE a load

case for uniform temperature loading may be defined.

LCA

dd.

Loads-Te

mperature

Load Case:Load Case:

LC0031

Insert: Bottom Table

Loading:Initial

Stress/StrainInitial




Stress/Strain

Load Type:

Uniform

TemperatureLoad

Uniform

TemperatureLoad

Uniform

TemperatureLoad

Uniform

TemperatureLoad

Uniform

TemperatureLoad


From: 1301 2301 3301 101 201

To: 1344 2344 3312 105 205

Step: 1 1 1 1 1

Alpha (1/C): 1.00e-5 1.00e-5 1.00e-5 1.00e-5 1.00e-5

DT-G (C): 20 20 20 20 20

DT-Y (C): 0 0 0 0 0

H-Y (m): 0 0 0 0 0

DT-Z (C): 0 0 0 0 0

H-Z (m): 0 0 0 0 0


For the later calculation of the temperature gradient an empty Load Set has to be d e-

fined. By using the action TempVar in the Construction schedule the equivalent forces

according to the defined temperature gradient in GPwill be written into this loadingSet. Create one LSet which has to be assigned to one Load Case. The name of the

load case is specified as LC0032.


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5.3 Definition of Wind Load Cases

There are two sets of wind loading defined for wind without traffic and including traf-

fic. The Load Sets 41 and 43 are the Load Sets for wind without traffic (wind direction

directly on MG1 and indirectly on MG2). The Load Sets 42 and 44 are calculated with-

out traffic (from the other side, directly on MG2 and indirectly on MG1).

Areas that are directly loaded by wind are loaded with 1.6 kN/m2and areas that are indi-

rectly loaded with 1.1 kN/m2. In addition the calculated intensity of the wind loading is

multiplied with a factor of q=1.1 for wind without traffic and with a factor q=0.55 for

wind including traffic.

Under CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE LOAD DEFINITION LCASE a load

case for wind loading may be defined.

LCA

dd.

Loads-

Wind

Lastfall:Lastfall:

LC0041

Insert: Bottom Table Bottom Table Bottom Table Bottom Table

Loading: Uniform Load Uniform Load Uniform Load Uniform Load

Load Type:Uniform eccentric

element load

Uniform eccentric

element load

Uniform eccentric

element load

Uniform eccentric

element load


From: 1301 2301 101 201

To: 1344 2344 105 205

Step: 1 1 1 1

Qx: 0 0 0 0

Qy: 0 0 0 0

Qz: 3.43 2.57 13.07 13.07

Direction: Local Local Local Local

Eccentricity: Local Local Local Local

Ey: 0 0 0 0

Ez: 0 0 0 0

Load application: Real length Real length Real length Real length

Definition: Qz Load mult. by heightConfirm: OK OK OK OK


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LCA

dd

.Loads-Wind


LC0042



Load Type: Uniform eccentric element load


From: 1301 2301 101 201

To: 1344 2344 105 205

Step: 1 1 1 1

Qx: 0 0 0 0

Qy: 0 0 0 0

Qz: 1.1 1.1 6.53 6.53Direction: Local Local Local Local

Eccentricity:Local +

Y-Elem Ecc

Local +

Y-Elem EccLocal Local

Ey: 1.25 1.25 0 0

Ez: 0 0 0 0


Definition: Qz Load mult. by height


LC

Add.

Loads-Wind


LC0043





From: 1301 2301 101 201

To: 1344 2344 105 205

Step: 1 1 1 1

Qx: 0 0 0 0

Qy: 0 0 0 0

Qz: -2.57 -3.43 -13.07 -13.07

Direction: Local Local Local Local

Eccentricity: Local Local Local LocalEy: 0 0 0 0

Ez: 0 0 0 0


Definition: Qz Load mult. by height



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LCA

dd.L

oads-Wind


LC0044

Insert:Bottom

Table

Bottom

Table

Bottom

Table

Bottom

Table

Bottom

Table

Bottom

Table

Loading:Uniform

LoadUniform

LoadUniform

LoadUniform

LoadUniform

LoadUniform

Load



From: 1301 2301 1301 2301 101 201

To: 1344 2344 1344 2344 105 205

Step: 1 1 1 1 1 1

Qx: 0 0 0 0 0 0

Qy: 0 0 0 0 0 0Qz: -1.29 -1.72 -1.1 -1.1 -6.53 -6.53

Direction: Local Local Local Local Local Local

Eccentricity: Local LocalLocal +

Y-Elem

Ecc

Local +Y-Elem

Ecc

Local Local

Ey: 0 0 1.25 1.25 0 0

Ez: 0 0 0 0 0 0

Load application:Real

length

Real

length

Real

length

Real

length

Real

length

Real

length

Definition:Qz Load mult. by

hight

Qz Load mult. by

height


5.4 Calculation of Additional Loadings

UnderCONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE STAGE ACTIONS AND ACTIVATION a

new stage called 100 may be defined.

ActionsS

tage

100

Construction Stage:

ConstructionStage:

Stage100

Insert: Bottom List Bottom List Bottom List Bottom List

Action:Calcula-tion (Static)

Calcula-tion (Static)



Type: Calc Calc Calc Calc

Input 1: LC0021 LC0022 LC0023 LC0024

Input 2: - - - -

Input 3: - - - -

Output 1: - - - -

Select the (upper) ap-

pend button to open the

input window for theconstruction stage defi-

nition. Input 100 for

the number. Input Ad-

ditional loads for the

description. All ele-ments are already acti-

vated!


31/55




Output 2: 0 0 0 0

Delta-T: 21 22 23 24

Description: - - - -Confirm: OK OK OK OK

Confirm

ActionsS

tage100

Construction Stage:

ConstructionStage:

Stage100

Insert:Bottom

List

Bottom

List

Bottom

List

Bottom

List

Bottom

List

Bottom

List

Bottom

List

Action:Calcu-

lation

(Static)

Calcu-

lation

(Static)

Calcu-

lation

(Static)

Calcu-

lation

(Static)

Calcu-

lation

(Static)

Calcu-

lation

(Static)

Calcu-

lation

(Static)

Type: Calc TempVar Calc Calc Calc Calc Calc

Input 1: Calc Calc Calc Calc Calc Calc Calc

Input 2: LC0031 TEMP+ LC0032 LC0041 LC0043 LC0042 LC0044

Input 3: - - - - - - -

Output 1: - LS0032 - - - - -

Output 2: - - - - - - -

Delta-T: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Description: - - - - - - -

Confirm: OK OK OK OK OK OK OK


32/55

RM Bridge Superpositi on of Additional Loadings



6 Superposition of Additional Loadings

Open the construction schedule input window with CONSTR.SCHED and STAGE

DEFINITONS and ACTIVATION

ActionsS

tage101

Construction Stage:

ConstructionStage:

Stage101

Insert: Stage101Bottom

List

Bottom

List

Bottom

List

Bottom

List

Action:

LC/Enve

lope

action

LC/Enve

lope

action

LC/Enve

lope

action

LC/Enve

lope

action

LC/Enve

lope

action

Type: SupInitSup-

AndLcSupOrLc SupOrLc SupOrLc

Input 1: - settle.sup settle.sup settle.sup settle.sup

Input 2: - LC0021 LC0022 LC0023 LC0024

Input 3: - - - - -

Output 1: settle.sup - - - -

Output 2: - - - - -

Delta-T: 0 0 0 0 0

Description: - - - -


Select the (upper) ap-

pend button to open the

input window for the

construction stage defi-

nition. Input 101 for

the number. Input Su-perposition of addi-

tional loads for the

description. All ele-

ments are already acti-

vated!

Confirm


33/55

RM Bridge Superpositi on of Additional Loadings



ActionsS

tage101

Construction Stage:

ConstructionStage:

Stage101

Insert: Stage101

Action: LC/Envelope action

Type:Su-

pOrLcSupInit

Su-

pAndXLc

SupInitSu-

pAndLcSu-

pOrLcSupInit

Su-pOrLc

Input 1:set-

tle.sup-

Temp_u

ni-

form.sup

-Wind-

wot.sup

Wind-

wot.sup-

Wind-

t.sup

Input 2: LC0024 - LC0031 - LC0041 LC0043 - LC0044

Input 3: - - - - - - - -

Output 1: -Temp_u

ni-form.sup

-Wind-

wot.sup- -

Wind-

t.sup-

Output 2: - - - - - - - -

Delta-T: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Description: - - - - - - - -

Confirm: OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK

Using RMSets resp. PlotContainer plot diagrams and structure plots may be made at

any time in the Construction schedule.


34/55

RM Bridge Traffic



7 Traffic

7.1 Traffic Definition

The live load calculation is defined according to the Austrian Standard OENORM B4002

including the rules of the RVS. Therefore also heavy trucks with 200to and 150to have to

be considered. The following pictures show the different loading positions that have to be

taken into account.

Load train 1 (Lane uniform load + Truck 250KN):

Load train 2 (Uniform load 2.5m q=-6.29 kN/m2):

Load train 3 (Sidewalk uniform load 1.0m):

3.0m1.5m 1.5m

2*4.0 to 2*8.5 to

Traffic uniform Load


Lane relative to

1 MG1 El 1301 to 1344 ez= 0.000 - - - -

2 MG2 El 2301 to 2344 ez= 0.000 - - - -

El - 302 303 304 to 344 345 346 -

x/L - 0.000 0.357 0.739 1.000 -

4 MG1 El 1301 to 1344 ez= -1.625 - - - -

5 MG2 El 2301 to 2344 ez= 1.625 - - - -

El - - 303 304 to 344 345 346 -

x/L - - 0.0715 0.3572 0.5556 -

El - 302 303 304 to 344 345 - -

x/L - 0.444 0.643 0.929 - -

El - 302 303 304 to 344 - - -

x/L - 0.000 0.357 - -

El - - - 304 to 344 345 346 347

x/L - - - 0.107 0.167 0.375

El 301 302 303 304 to 344 345 - -

x/L 0.000 0.556 0.714 0.000 - -

23 MG2 El 2301 to 2344 ez= 0.625 - - - -

El 301 302 303 304 to 344 - - -

x/L 0.625 0.833 0.893 - - -

El - - 303 304 to 344 345 346 347

x/L - - 0.000 0.286 0.444 0.000

33 MG1 El 1301 to 1344 ez= -0.625 - - - -

Cross beams

Cross beams

Cross beams

Cross beams

Cross beams0.917

0.222Cross beams

11

12

13

21

22

31

32

0.722

0.500

0.083

0.778

Lane definitions - eccentricities and x/L values for Lanes defined relative

to secondary girders

ELEMENTS

0.500

0.2778

Cross beams3

Cross beams


mkNmmkNq /72.475.0/29.6 2


35/55

RM Bridge Traffic



Load train 3 (rest area uniform load 1.25 m):

The position of the lanes are already shown in chapter1.2.2 Live Load.The combination

of the lanes and the Load trains defined above are specified in the Construction schedulewith the function LiveL.

The results from the traffic loading analysis must be compared and combined in order to

achieve the most critical result. The results from the different load trains acting on each

individual lane are first combined according to the code and the most critical of the results

of all defined and calculated lane settings will be compared (SupOr) to get the most criti-

cal traffic loading file traffic.sup.


mkNmmkNq /86.725.1/29.62


36/55

RM Bridge Traffic



7.2 Traffic Lanes

The following table shows you the definition of lanes relative to the main girders resp.

relative to cross girders. The exact position of the lane at each cross member will be re-

flected by the x/L values, Because of the different length of cross girders at the begin and

at the end of the structure we get also different values for x/L shown in this table.

Select (lower left function list) to open the lane input window.

The upper table in this window lists all the defined traffic lanes, the lower table lists the

properties of the selected lane (point on the lane for evaluation).

Lane relative to

1 MG1 El 1301 to 1344 ez= 0,000 - - - -

2 MG2 El 2301 to 2344 ez= 0,000 - - - -El - 302 303 304 to 344 345 346 -

x/L - 0,000 0,357 0,739 1,000 -

4 MG1 El 1301 to 1344 ez= -1,625 - - - -

5 MG2 El 2301 to 2344 ez= 1,625 - - - -El - - 303 304 to 344 345 346 -

x/L - - 0,071 0,357 0,556 -

El - 302 303 304 to 344 345 - -

x/L - 0,444 0,643 0,929 - -

El- 302 303 304 to 344 - - -x/L - 0,000 0,357 - -

El - - - 304 to 344 345 346 347

x/L - - - 0,107 0,167 0,375

El 301 302 303 304 to 344 345 - -

x/L 0,000 0,556 0,714 0,000 - -

23 MG2 El 2301 to 2344 ez= 0,625 - - - -El 301 302 303 304 to 344 - - -

x/L 0,625 0,833 0,893 - - -

El - - 303 304 to 344 345 346 347

x/L - - 0,000 0,286 0,444 0,000

33 MG1 El 1301 to 1344 ez= -0,625 - - - -

Cross beams

Cross beams

Cross beams

Cross beams

Cross beams0,917

0,222Cross beams

11

12

13

21

22

31

32

0,722

0,500

0,083

0,778

Lane definitions - eccentricities and x/L values for Lanes defined

relative to secondary girders

ELEMENTS

0,500

0,2778

Cross beams3

Cross beams


37/55

RM Bridge Traffic



Change to CONSTRCUTION SCHEDULE and LOAD DEFINITION LANEwhere lane definitions may be specified.

LaneInput

Lane:Lane:

1 2 3 4


Macro: 1 1 3 3 3 3 3 2

Eccentricity: Ygl Ygl Ygl Ygl Ygl Ygl Ygl Ygl

El-from: 1301 2301 302 303 304 345 346 1301

El-to: 1344 2344 302 303 344 345 346 1344

El-Step: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

X/L: - - 0 0.357 0.5 0.739 1 -

ey [m]: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

ez [m]: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.625

Phi]: 1.33- 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1

Ndiv: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1


LaneInput

Lane:Lane:

5 11 12


Macro: 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

Eccentricity: Ygl Ygl Ygl Ygl Ygl Ygl Ygl YglEl-from: 2301 303 304 345 346 302 303 304

El-to: 2344 303 344 345 346 302 303 344

El-Step: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

X/L: - 0.0715 0.2777 0.3572 0.5556 0.444 0.643 0.7222

ey [m]: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

ez [m]: 1.625 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Phi]: 1 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17

Ndiv: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1



38/55

RM Bridge Traffic



LaneInput

Lane:

Lane:

12 13 21


Macro: 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3


El-from: 345 302 303 304 304 345 346 347

El-to: 345 302 303 344 344 345 346 347

El-Step: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

X/L: 0.929 0 0.357 0.5 0.0833 0.107 0.167 0.375

ey [m]: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

ez [m]: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Phi]: 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17

Ndiv: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1


Lane

Input

Lane:Lane:

22 23 31

Insert:Bottom

Table

Bottom

Table

Bottom

Table

Bottom

Table

Bottom

Table

Bottom

Table

Bottom

Table

Bottom

Table

Macro: 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 3


El-from: 301 302 303 304 345 2301 301 302

El-to: 301 302 303 344 345 2344 301 302El-Step: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

X/L: 0 0.556 0.714 0.778 0 0.625 0.625 0.833

ey [m]: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

ez [m]:

Phi]: 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33

Ndiv: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1



39/55

RM Bridge Traffic



LaneInput

Lane:

Lane:

31 32 33

Insert:Bottom

Table

Bottom

Table

Bottom

Table

Bottom

Table

Bottom

Table

Bottom

Table

Bottom

Table

Bottom

Table

Macro: 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2


El-from: 303 304 303 304 345 346 347 1301

El-to: 303 344 303 344 345 346 347 1344

El-Step: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

X/L: 0.893 0.917 0.00 0.222 0.286 0.444 0.00 -

ey [m]: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

ez [m]: 0 0 0 -0.625

Phi]: 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33

Ndiv: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1Confirm: OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK


40/55

RM Bridge Traffic



7.3 Traffic Loads

Change to CONSTRCUTION SCHEDULE and LOAD DEFINITION LTRAIN

where the intensity of load trains may be specified.

LTrainIn

put

Lane:Lane:

1 2 3

Description:Description:

Lane uniform load + Truck 250KN

Lane unif.load 2.5mq=-6.29kN/m2

Sidewalkuniform

load

Insert: BottomTable

BottomTable

BottomTable

BottomTable

BottomTable

BottomTable

BottomTable

Q [kN/m]: -15.73 - - - -15.73 -15.73 -4.72

F [kN]: - -80 -170 0 - - -

AASHTO: - - - - - - -

Free Length: - - -

L-from: - 1.5 3.0 1.5 - - -

L-to: - 1.5 3.0 1.5 - - -

L-step: - 1.5 3.0 1.5 - - -


LTrainInput

Lane:Lane:

4 11 12

Description:Description:

uniformload of restarea 1.25m

Special vehicle 200t - 20m Special vehicle 150t - 20m

Insert:Bottom

Table

Bottom

Table

Bottom

Table

Bottom

Table

Bottom

Table

Bottom

Table

Bottom

Table

Q [kN/m]: -7.86 - - - - - -

F [kN]: - -5019 entries

using

-100

-50 -5014 entries

using

-100

-50

AASHTO: - - - - - - -

Free Length: - - - - - -L-from: - 1 1 0 1 1 0

L-to: - 1 1 0 1 1 0

L-step: - 1 1 0 1 1 0


The live load definition is now complete.


41/55

RM Bridge Traffic



7.4 Traffic CalculationThe results of the live load traffic calculation will be stored in a superposition file. The

superposition file must be initialised (set to zero) before starting the calculation! For each

combination of LANE with LTRAIN a superposition file has to be initialised.

Select CONSTRCUTION SCHEDULE STAGE ACTIVATION AND DEFINI-

TIONS and insert a new stage 102.

CS-Traffic

Stage:Stage:

TRAFFIC

Insert:BottomTable

BottomTable

BottomTable

BottomTable

BottomTable

BottomTable

BottomTable

Action:Calc.

Static

Calc.

Static

Calc.

Static

Calc.

Static

Calc.

Static

Calc.

Static

Calc.

Static

Type: Infl Infl Infl Infl Infl Infl Infl

Input 1: 1 2 3 4 5 11 12

Input 2: - - - - - - -

Input 3: - - - - - - -

Output 1: - - - - - - -

Output 2: * * * * * * *

Delta-T: - - - - - - -



CS

-Traffic

Stage:Stage:

TRAFFIC

Insert:Bottom

Table

Bottom

Table

Bottom

Table

Bottom

Table

Bottom

Table

Bottom

Table

Bottom

Table

Action:Calc.

Static

Calc.

Static

Calc.

Static

Calc.

Static

Calc.

Static

Calc.

Static

Calc.

Static

Type: Infl Infl Infl Infl Infl Infl Infl

Input 1: 13 21 22 23 31 32 33

Input 2: - - - - - - -

Input 3: - - - - - - -

Output 1: - - - - - - -

Output 2: * * * * * * *

Delta-T: - - - - - - -




42/55

RM Bridge Traffic



Initialisation of superposition files:

CS-Traffic

Stage:Stage:

TRAFFIC


Action: LC/Envelope actions

Type: SupInit SupInit SupInit SupInit SupInit

Input 1: - - - - -

Input 2: - - - - -

Input 3: - - - - -

Output 1: SV11.sup SV12.sup SV21.sup SV22.sup SV31.sup

Output 2: - - - - -

Delta-T: - - - - -Description: - - - - -


CS-

Traffic

Stage:Stage:

TRAFFIC




Input 1: - - - - -

Input 2: - - - - -

Input 3: - - - - -

Output 1: GW43.sup GW53.sup SV32.sup SFZ200-11.sup SFZ200-12.sup

Output 2: - - - - -

Delta-T: - - - - -

Description: - - - - -


CS-Traffic

Stage:Stage:

TRAFFIC


Action: LC/Envelope actionsType: SupInit SupInit SupInit SupInit SupInit

Input 1: - - - - -

Input 2: - - - - -

Input 3: - - - - -

Output 1: SFZ200-13.sup SFZ150-21.sup SFZ150-22.sup SFZ150-23.sup SFZ150-31.sup

Output 2: - - - - -

Delta-T: - - - - -




43/55

RM Bridge Traffic



CS-Traffic

Stage:Stage:

TRAFFIC




Input 1: - - - - -

Input 2: - - - - -

Input 3: - - - - -

Output 1: SFZ150-32.sup SFZ150-33.sup Traffic.sup SV1.sup SV2.sup

Output 2: - - - - -

Delta-T: - - - - -



C

S-Traffic

Stage:Stage:

TRAFFIC




Input 1: - - - - -

Input 2: - - - - -

Input 3: - - - - -

Output 1: SFZ200-1.sup SFZ200-2.sup SFZ200-3.sup SFZ150-1.sup SFZ150-2.sup

Output 2: - - - - -

Delta-T: - - - - -




44/55

RM Bridge Traffic



Calculate the traffic loading results:

CS-Traffic

Stage:Stage:

TRAFFIC


Action: Calc. Static

Type: LiveL LiveL LiveL LiveL LiveL LiveL LiveL LiveL

Input 1: 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 11

Input 2: 1 1 1 3 3 2 2 11

Input 3: - - - - - - - -

Output 1: SV11.sup SV22.sup SV31.sup GW43.sup GW53.sup SV12.sup SV21.supSFZ200-

11.sup

Output 2: * * * * * * * *Delta-T: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Description: - - - - - - - -


CS-T

raffic

Stage:Stage:

TRAFFIC



Type: LiveL LiveL LiveL LiveL LiveL LiveL LiveL LiveL

Input 1: 12 13 21 22 23 31 32 33

Input 2: 11 11 12 1 4 12 1 4Input 3: - - - - - - - -

Output 1:SFZ200-12.sup

SFZ200-13.sup

SFZ150-21.sup

SFZ150-22.sup

SFZ150-23.sup

SFZ150-31.sup

SFZ150-32.sup

SFZ150-33.sup

Output 2: * * * * * * * *

Delta-T: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Description: - - - - - - - -



45/55

RM Bridge Traffic



7.5 Traffic SuperpositionAdd following actions into stage 102.

Note: For advanced users please think of the possibility to use the IMPORT/EXPORT functionality andmodify ascii-Files to speed up your input procedure!

CS-T

raffic

Stage:Stage:

TRAFFIC



Type: SupAddSup SupAndSup SupAndSup SupAndSup SupAndSup SupAddSup

Input 1: SV1.sup SV1.sup SV1.sup SV1.sup SV1.sup SV2.sup

Input 2: SV11.sup SV22.sup SV31.sup GW43.sup GW53.sup SV12.supInput 3: - -

Output 1:

Output 2: * * * * * *

Delta-T: 0 0 0 0 0 0



CS-Traffic

Stage:Stage:

TRAFFIC

Insert:Bottom Table


Type: SupAndSup SupAndSup SupAndSup SupAndSup SupAddSup SupAndSup

Input 1: SV2.sup SV2.sup SV2.sup SV2.sup SFZ200-1.sup SFZ200-1.sup

Input 2: SV21.sup SV31.sup GW43.sup GW53.sup SFZ200-11.sup GW43.sup

Input 3: - - - - -

Output 1:

Output 2: * * * * * *

Delta-T: 0 0 0 0 0 0

Description: SupAndSup SupAndSup SupAndSup SupAndSup SupAddSup SupAndSup



46/55

RM Bridge Traffic



CS-Traffic

Stage:

Stage:

TRAFFIC



Type: SupAndSup SupAddSup SupAndSup SupAndSup SupAddSup SupAndSup

Input 1:SFZ200-

1.sup

SFZ200-

2.sup

SFZ200-

2.sup

SFZ200-

2.sup

SFZ200-

3.sup

SFZ200-

3.sup

Input 2: GW53.supSFZ200-

12.supGW43.sup GW53.sup

SFZ200-

13.supGW43.sup

Input 3:

Output 1:

Output 2: * * * * * *

Delta-T: 0 0 0 0 0 0

Description: - - - - - -Confirm: OK OK OK OK OK OK

C

S-Traffic

Stage:Stage:

TRAFFIC



Type: SupAndSup SupAddSup SupAndSup SupAndSup SupAndSup SupAndSup

Input 1:SFZ200-

3.sup

SFZ150-

1.sup

SFZ150-

1.sup

SFZ150-

1.sup

SFZ150-

1.sup

SFZ150-

1.sup

Input 2: GW53.supSFZ150-21.sup

SFZ150-22.sup

SFZ150-23.sup

GW43.sup GW53.sup

Input 3:

Output 1:

Output 2: * * * * * *

Delta-T: 0 0 0 0 0 0



CS-Traffic

Stage:Stage:

TRAFFIC



Type: SupAddSup SupAndSup SupAndSup SupAndSup SupAndSup SupAddSup

Input 1:SFZ150-

2.sup

SFZ150-

3.sup

SFZ150-

3.sup

SFZ150-

3.sup

SFZ150-

3.suptraffic.sup

Input 2:SFZ150-31.sup

SFZ150-32.sup

SFZ150-33.sup

GW43.sup GW53.sup SV1.sup

Input 3:

Output 1:

Output 2: * * * * * *

Delta-T: 0 0 0 0 0 0




47/55

RM Bridge Traffic



CS-Traffic

Stage:Stage:

TRAFFIC



Type: SupOrSup SupOrSup SupOrSup SupOrSup SupOrSup SupOrSup

Input 1: traffic.sup traffic.sup traffic.sup traffic.sup traffic.sup traffic.sup

Input 2: SV2.supSFZ200-

1.sup

SFZ200-

2.sup

SFZ200-

3.sup

SFZ150-

1.sup

SFZ150-

2.sup

Input 3:

Output 1:

Output 2: * * * * * *

Delta-T: 0 0 0 0 0 0


Plot diagrams can be made at any time in the Construction schedule.by setting a new

RMSet for each individual plot. When creating RMSets the function Copy is very

useful.


48/55

RM Bridge Load Combinations



8 Load Combinations

Select CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE LOAD DEFINITION COMB to open the

Combination input screen.

24 different columns can be used. Each combination is calculated from the sum of its

column entries. Additionally its possible to change the combination type.

Insert several combinations for the calcualation of loading combinations according to

SLS and ULS. The used factors for these combinations are shown in chapter1.3.


49/55

RM Bridge F ibre Stress Check



9 Fibre Stress Check

Select PROPERTIESCROSS SECTION to look at the defined stress-

check points in the cross sections. These stress points will be shown separately forevery part of the composite.

The upper table in this window lists all the cross sections defined for the project. The

lower table lists all the reinforcement, stress and temperature points (RefSets).

The stress check points and reinforcement points are created by using the intersec-

tion of two straight lines. A variation from this point can additionally be defined. All

these points are already defined in GP. Its also possible to define further additionalpoints in RM.

9.1 Definition of the Stress Limits

Under PROPERTIES MATERIAL DATA the stress limits may be defined. There

exist the possibility to define more limits for different checks. Every individual defini-

tion is specified by one compressive and one tensile limit.

Note: If the limits are exceeded (during a caclualtion of a fibre stress check), the program wi llgive a message. These stress limit groups can also shown in the plot file.

The following picture shows the input of the stress limits for steel.

In this example the stress limits for steel BSt_550 are taken as 160000kN/m2for pres-

sure and 160000kN/m2for tension. For FE_360 the stress limits for longitudinal stresses

are limited with/+213000kN/m2.


50/55

RM Bridge F ibre Stress Check



9.2 Inserting the Actions into the Construction Schedule

Select CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE STAGE ACTIVATION AND DEFINI-

TIONS to insert the necessary actions (stage 103).

C

S

Stage:Stage:

103


Action:LC/Envelop

e actions

LC/Envelop

e actions

LC/Envelop

e actions

LC/Envelop

e actions

LC/Envelop

e actions

LC/Envelop

e actions

Type: SupComb SupComb SupComb SupComb SupInit SupAddSup


Input 1: 1 2 3 4 Comb.supInput 2: - - - - - Comb1.sup

Input 3: - - - - -

Output 1: Comb1.sup Comb2.sup Comb3.sup Comb4.sup Comb.sup

Output 2: - - - - - *

Delta-T: - - - - - 0



CS

Stage:Stage:

103


Action:LC/Envelop

e actions

LC/Envelop

e actions

LC/Envelop

e actions

LC/Envelop

e actions

LC/Envelop

e actions

LC/Envelop

e actions

Type: SupOrSup SupOrSup SupOrSup FibSup FibSup FibSup


Input 1: Comb.sup Comb.sup Comb.sup Comb1.sup Comb2.sup Comb3.sup

Input 2: Comb2.sup Comb3.sup Comb4.sup 1 1 1

Input 3:

Output 1:

Output 2: * * *Fib-

comb1.lst

Fib-

comb2.lst

Fib-

comb3.lst

Delta-T: 0 0 0 0 0 0


Finally create some plot files to watch all the stress results.


51/55

RM Bridge Ul timate Load Check



10 Ultimate Load Check

At the begin its necessary to define reinforcement groups. If they are already defined in

GPyou only have to edit the material properties in the way that an ultimate load check ispossible (stress/strain diagram has to be specified). Normally these stress strain diagrams

are already predefined in the TDV material data base.

Plese note that for the stress/strain digrams used for the ultimate load check secu-

rity factors on the material side have to be included in these diagrams.

If necessary select PROPERTIES ATTR.SET to modify the Material of the rein-

forcement groups.

10.1 Strain/Stress Values

10.1.1 Reinfo rc emen t: BSt_550

10.1.2 Conc rete: Ty pe C 30/37

If the stress/strain curve isnt defined for the chosen material:

Select PROPERTIESMATERIAL DATA to modify the reinforcement material.

Select the material BSt_550

Clicking on the Modify button the material properties may be changed or extended.


52/55




Click on the check box of Ultimate on the right side of the window and click also the

check box Values. Now the list of values for the stress strain diagram opens. By click-

ing the Insert after button on the right side of the stress/strain list you can specify new

entries.

10.2 Reinforcement Definition

Select STRUCTURE ELEMENT DATA AND PROPERTIES to specify

resp. modify the reinforcement area for elements.

Defining the assignment of the reinforcement to the structural elements for the cross sec-tions is displayed in the bottom table.

Click on the line for element 1201in the top table. Select the edit button for the bottom table to activate the assignment of rei n-

forcement area in the bottom table of the input window.

Input the element series and the reinforcement area (Al, fix area of reinforce-ment at element begin and end) for this reinforcement group (REINF).

As default the type is specified as VAR to calculate the additional area of rein-forcement if necessary for reinforced concrete design.

Modify the values to those shown adjunct table.

EL 12011244 Al=0.002 m2

EL 22012244 Al=0.002 m2

Confirm with .

For all other elements (Pier elements, cross members) change the check status (in the upper

table) to NO, because in this example we only look at the checks of the main girders.


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10.3 Inserting the Actions into the Construction Schedule


TIONS to insert the necessary actions (create new stage 104 before).

CSUltim

ateState

Stage:Stage:

104


Action:LC/Envelop

e actions

LC/Envelop

e actions

LC/Envelop

e actions

LC/Envelop

e actions

LC/Envelop

e actions

LC/Envelop

e actions

Type: SupComb SupComb SupComb SupComb SupComb SupInit


Input 1: 5 6 7 8 9Input 2: - - - - -

Input 3: - - - - -

Output 1: Comb5.sup Comb6.sup Comb7.sup Comb8.sup Comb9.sup ULS.sup

Output 2: - - - - - *

Delta-T: - - - - - 0



CSUltimateState

Stage:Stage:

104


Action:LC/Envelop

e actions

LC/Envelop

e actions

LC/Envelop

e actions

LC/Envelop

e actions

LC/Envelop

e actions

LC/Envelop

e actions

Type: SupAddSup SupOrSup SupOrSup SupOrSup SupOrSup SupInit


Input 1: ULS.sup ULS.sup ULS.sup ULS.sup ULS.sup -

Input 2: Comb5.sup Comb6.sup Comb7.sup Comb8.sup Comb9.sup -

Input 3: - - - - - -

Output 1: ULT.sup

Output 2: * * * * * *

Delta-T: 0 0 0 0 0


Confirm:OK OK OK OK OK OK


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CSUltimateState

Stage:Stage:

104


Action:Check ac-

tions (SUP)

Check ac-

tions (SUP)

Check ac-

tions (SUP)

Type: ReinIni UltSup UltSup

Confirm: OK OK OK

Input 1: - ULS.sup ULS.sup

Input 2: - Rein UltMz

Input 3: - - -

Output 1: - - ULT.sup

Output 2: - * *

Delta-T: - - -

Description: - - -

Confirm: OK OK OK

Plot diagrams can be made at any time in the Construction schedule.by setting a new

RMSet for each individual plot. When creating RMSets the function copy is very use-

ful.

Select RECALC to open the input window for global project calculation

property definitions.

Insert the load case LC1000 into SumLC.

Recalculate the structure


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RM Bridge Shear and Equivalent Stresses for Steel


11 Shear and Equivalent Stresses for Steel

For steel structures also the principal, equivalent stresses are of interest. In this chapter

the necessary input for this calculation is shown. Make sure that for the calculation of the

stresses several stress points have to be defined in GPbefore. Generally different types ofcalculations may be chosen. Following possibilities are available:

Principal Stresses Equivalent von Mises Stresses Equivalent Shear Hypothesis Stresses Shear StressesY- Direction Shear StressesZ Direction

Normally, and also in this example the Equivalent von Mises Stresses will be calculated.


TIONS to insert the necessary actions (create new stage 105 befo re).

CSUltimateState

Stage:Stage:

104

Insert: Bottom List Bottom List Bottom List Bottom List

Action: Check ac-tions (SUP)

List andPlot actions

LC/Envelope actions

LC/Envelope actions

Type: PrincSup Plsys Plsys Plsys


Input 1: ULS.suppl-shear-H-

FF_T-MG1-A3.rm

pl-shear-H-

FCOM-MG1-A3.rm

pl-shear-H-

FST-MG1-A3.rm

Input 2: Mises - - -

Input 3: - - - -

Output 1: -pl-shear-H-

FF_T-MG2.pl

pl-shear-H-

FCOM-

MG2.pl

pl-shear-H-

FST-MG2.pl

Output 2: * - - -

Delta-T: 0 - - -

Description: - - - -Confirm: OK OK OK OK

Here only some plot files are shown. For shear stresses resp. equivalent stresses plots maybeaded individually.

rm e composite grillage oenorm

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