renewable energy group 1 (gynetic solar panel system)

!

!

!

!

Kepada!:!

Pengarah(

Majlis!Agama!Islam!Melaka!

U.P!:!Unit!Kewangan!MAIM.!

!

Perkara(:(SEBUT(HARGA(Program(‘INTERFAITH(FORUM’(Anjuran(PERKIM(UniKL(MICET.(

BIL.( PERKARA( KOS( JUMLAH(

1! JAMUAN!VVIP!! RM!45!×!10! RM!450!

2! SAGUHATI! RM!200! RM!200!

3! JAMUAN!TETAMU! RM!4!×!1000! RM!4!000!

4! PERSIAPAN!DEWAN! RM!800! RM!800!

5! BANNER!AND!BANTING! RM!640! RM!640!

6! LAIN!–!LAIN!PERBELANJAAN! RM!300! RM!300!

JUMLAH( RM(6(390.00(

!

Tarikh!Tamat!Sebut!Harga:!5(Disember(2015!!

Semua!Bayaran!hendaklah!dibuat!ke!atas!Nama!Syarikat!GYNETC(GLOBAL(VENTURES(di!Akaun:!

CIMB(BANK(:(8602047867(

!

Dikeluarkan!Oleh:!!

!

!

!

Ahmad!Muzammil!Bin!Idris!

Finance!&!Sales!Executive,!GGV.!

!

!

QUOTATION(NUMBER(:(GGV/PERKIM/15/01(

UNIKL MICET PV SOLAR SYSTEM PROPOSAL

GYNETIC GLOBAL VENTURES ENTERPRISE(PG0348037-U) 1

!

!

!

!

Kepada!:!

Pengarah(



!



1! JAMUAN!VVIP!! RM!45!×!10! RM!450!







!



CIMB(BANK(:(8602047867(

!

Dikeluarkan!Oleh:!!

!

!

!



!

!


1.0 COMPANY OVERVIEW

Gynetic is the nation's leading full-service solar provider for residential,

commercial, industrial and large-scale project owner. From a single point of

contact, we provide solar PV system design, consultation, installation and

monitoring services. We resolve to set a standard of excellence as one of the

national market leaders in the solar photovoltaic industry.

Founded in 2005, with the first base in Melaka, Malaysia; Gynetic’s

division provides solar energy solutions for the expanding green technology

sector in the region. Now, we are established well in innovating solar models,

system installation and turnkey design as well as its core of skilled and

experienced workforce, we are able to provide turnkey solar energy solution

to its client through feasibility studies, investment analyses, due diligence, and

budget preparation to equipment specification, engineering, procurement,

project management and site supervision.

The company has obtained the accreditation from Malaysia Energy

Center (PTM) under the Ministry of Energy, Green Technology and Water

(KeTTHA), as an Approved Photovoltaic Service Provider to undertake PV

projects in Malaysia. We form strategic partnerships with PV manufacturers

and overseas PV system integrator to undertake high value, high impact PV

projects. In 2009, our Asia Pacific branch was setup in Australia to serve the

developing market of the South East & South Asia market. The company

founded with RM 800, 000.00 as the start up capitals and now has a revenue

more than RM12 million ringgit.

GYNETIC GLOBAL VENTURES ENTERPRISE(PG0348037-U) LOT 105-1 ,KM 19 JALAN PSU 7 ,TAMAN TERENDAK PERMAI ,

76300 SUNGAI UDANG MELAKA.

019-4433215 [email protected]

!

!

!

!

Kepada!:!

Pengarah(



!



1! JAMUAN!VVIP!! RM!45!×!10! RM!450!







!



CIMB(BANK(:(8602047867(

!

Dikeluarkan!Oleh:!!

!

!

!



!

!




Currently the company has nine directors that are led by Datuk Seri

Ahmad Muzammil Bin Idris, as the company founder and President. The

further details of the directors and portfolio roles are thoroughly mentioned in

figure 1.0.

Ahmad Muzammil Bin Idris

Founder and CEO of Gynetic Global

Ventures.

Founded Gynetic at the age of

20 with two co-founders

Helped Gynetic become one of

the most recognizable brands in

clean energy.

Muhamad Faris Bin Hamir

Co-Founder, Chief Technology

Officer

Helped grow Gynetic into the

largest full-service solar provider

in the nation

Develops the strategy and

direction of Gynetic’s next-

generation software and

hardware technologies including

battery systems, solar mounting

hardware and solar module

technology.

!

!

!

!

Kepada!:!

Pengarah(



!



1! JAMUAN!VVIP!! RM!45!×!10! RM!450!







!



CIMB(BANK(:(8602047867(

!

Dikeluarkan!Oleh:!!

!

!

!



!

!




.

Muhd Hazim Bin Tarmizi

Co-Founder, Chief Revenue Officer

Focuses on the ways in which

consumers, businesses and

government organizations can

switch to cleaner energy at a

lower cost, through a range of

integrated solutions.

Dayang Nur Izni Bt Awang Zainal

Chief Financial Officer

Oversees SolarCity’s global

finance, accounting, structured

finance and investor relations

organizations.

Has an extensive background in

finance and operations, including

mergers and acquisitions, project

finance and capital market

transactions

Nor Izzaida Bt Ariffin

Chief Marketing Officer

Oversees all of Gynetic’s

marketing initiatives and works to

make Malysians aware that they

can pay less for solar electricity

than they pay for utility power.

!

!

!

!

Kepada!:!

Pengarah(



!



1! JAMUAN!VVIP!! RM!45!×!10! RM!450!







!



CIMB(BANK(:(8602047867(

!

Dikeluarkan!Oleh:!!

!

!

!



!

!




Fakhrul Muiz Bin Mohd Juty

Chief Operation Officer

Directs teams that support

company-wide initiatives with

software product management

and cross-functional project

management.

Also oversees the strategic

planning, development and

expansion into new areas

nationwide.

Mohd Hanif Bin Yusof

Executive Vice President, Policy &

Markets

Work with international, federal,

state and local government

organizations on a wide range of

policy issues.

Has practiced energy and

environmental law for 25 years.

Muhd Khalis Bin Mohd Illias

Executive Vice President, General

Counsel & Secretary

Leads Gynetic’s legal, compliance

and risk management groups.

Has 22 years of experience

representing companies of all

sizes and types from their start-up

phase through public listing.

!

!

!

!

Kepada!:!

Pengarah(



!



1! JAMUAN!VVIP!! RM!45!×!10! RM!450!







!



CIMB(BANK(:(8602047867(

!

Dikeluarkan!Oleh:!!

!

!

!



!

!




2.0 SYSTEM PROCESS DIAGRAM AND DESCRIPTION.

In this section, the process of how solar energy can generate electricity will be

explained in details with the aid of diagrams and the flow descriptions.

2.1 Solar Energy

While a majority of the world's current electricity supply is generated

from fossil fuels such as coal, oil and natural gas, these traditional energy

sources face a number of challenges including rising prices, security concerns

over dependence on imports from a limited number of countries which have

significant fossil fuel supplies, and growing environmental concerns over the

climate change risks associated with power generation using fossil fuels. As a

result of these and other challenges facing traditional energy sources,

governments, businesses and consumers are increasingly supporting the

development of alternative energy sources and new technologies for

electricity generation. Renewable energy sources such as solar, biomass,

geothermal, hydroelectric and wind power generation have emerged as

potential alternatives, which address some of these concerns.

Muhd Aqil Bin Fadzil

Vice President, People

Empowerment

Helped to develop a thorough

training program and

groundbreaking automation

systems from the ground up.

!

!

!

!

Kepada!:!

Pengarah(



!



1! JAMUAN!VVIP!! RM!45!×!10! RM!450!







!



CIMB(BANK(:(8602047867(

!

Dikeluarkan!Oleh:!!

!

!

!



!

!




Solar energy is becoming a popular energy source due to the fact that

it is the most abundant and most cost effective energy source on the planet.

Put simply, solar energy is energy derived from the sun, and this energy is not

only clean, but also renewable and costs nothing.

Solar energy is created when the power of the sun is harnessed in

order to produce energy. It is said that the amount of energy that the sun

provides to the Earth in a single day can power the entire planet and all of its

energy needs for a whole year. Because solar energy is available as long as

the sun is available, it is also considered a renewable source of energy. It is a

clean source of energy as well, due to the fact that it does not produce

byproducts or pollutants that will harm the environment likewise the

production of electricity using other conventional ways such as coal and fossil

fuels.

Solar energy is used today to power homes, buildings, appliances,

gadgets, and many other items. It is commonly used across the world and is

recognized as a leading renewable, clean, and cost effective source of

energy. Generate cheap, green electricity from sunlight by using solar panels

in your home with Gynetic !

!

!

!

!

Kepada!:!

Pengarah(



!



1! JAMUAN!VVIP!! RM!45!×!10! RM!450!







!



CIMB(BANK(:(8602047867(

!

Dikeluarkan!Oleh:!!

!

!

!



!

!




2.2 System Process Diagram

The Sunlight falls on high capacity solar panels during

daylight hours. The solar panels convert the sun’s

energy into Direct Current electricity then sent to an

inverter.

Solar systems produce very high quality

electricity that reduces the chance of power

fluctuations that could damage electronic

equipment.

When the solar systems produce more electricity than is needed during peak sun hours,

excess electricity is sent to utility company.

Utility power is continuously provided at night and during the day when demand exceeds

solar production.

!

!

!

!

Kepada!:!

Pengarah(



!



1! JAMUAN!VVIP!! RM!45!×!10! RM!450!







!



CIMB(BANK(:(8602047867(

!

Dikeluarkan!Oleh:!!

!

!

!



!

!




2.3 Feed in Tariff (FiT)

The Feed-in Tariff (FIT) is a government program designed to promote the

uptake of a range of small-scale renewable and low-carbon electricity

generation technologies. It is available through licensed electricity suppliers.

FiT, according to the Renewable Energy Act 2011, means the special tariff

payable to feed-in approval holders in consideration for renewable energy

generated and sold to a distribution licensee. It’s also a mechanism that

allows electricity produced from indigenous renewable energy (eg. solar

system) to be sold to power utilities at a fixed premium price and for specific

duration.In Malaysia, the authority or government official body that regulates

the FiT is Sustainable Energy Development Authority (SEDA), Malaysia. The

given FiT tariff for the year 2015 are as listed in Table 1.

Table 1: FiT Rates for Solar PV (Community) for 2015 (SEDA, 2015).

Description of Qualifying Renewable Energy Installation

a) Basic FiT rates having installed capacity of: FiT Rates (RM per kWh)

(i) up to and including 4kW 0.9166

(ii) above 4kW and up to and including 24kW 0.8942

(iii) above 24kW and up to and including 72kW 0.7222

(iv) above 72kW and up to and including 1MW 0.6977

(v) above 1MW and up to and including 10MW 0.5472

(vi) above 10MW and up to including 30MW 0.4896

(b) Bonus FiT rates having the following criteria (one or more):

FiT Rates (RM per

kWh)

(i) use as installation in buildings or building structures +0.1722

(ii) use as building materials +0.1656

(iii) use of locally manufactured or assembled solar PV modules

+0.0500

(iv) use of locally manufactured or assembled solar inverters +0.0500

!

!

!

!

Kepada!:!

Pengarah(



!



1! JAMUAN!VVIP!! RM!45!×!10! RM!450!







!



CIMB(BANK(:(8602047867(

!

Dikeluarkan!Oleh:!!

!

!

!



!

!




Figure 2: The flow of Feed in Tariff in sense of credit and debit.

2.4 Installation Location and Specifications.

The location installation of solar panel systems is located at Universiti

Kuala Lumpur, Malaysian Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering

Technology (MICET). The solar system should output on the daytime usage,

in which in range of 7am in morning till 6pm prior to sunset.

This solar panel system will be installed in academic buildings and

hostel or campus residence since direct sunlight is reflected and not sheltered

or covered by hills. Thus, in order to propose the best solar panel system, the

site specification is first being determined which will be located at the

specified location in Figure 2. The whole area in UniKL MICET that can be

considered for the installation of solar panels are approximately 2,500 m2.

Other than the building’s rooftop, it would be highly suggested and

recommended to use the land area or on ground mounted solar panels since

172

Generation track

Feed-in Tariff

Usage track

Usage (debit) Meter

Feed-in (credit) Meter

!

!

!

!

Kepada!:!

Pengarah(



!



1! JAMUAN!VVIP!! RM!45!×!10! RM!450!







!



CIMB(BANK(:(8602047867(

!

Dikeluarkan!Oleh:!!

!

!

!



!

!



GYNETIC GLOBAL VENTURES ENTERPRISE(PG0348037-U)

10

the building’s roof top might not cater the area needed as proved by

calculation.

Figure 3: Location of UniKL MICET from Simpang Empat PLUS Highway

Table 2: Site Specification

LOCATION ADDRESS

LATITUDE

LONGITUDE

University Kuala Lumpur, Malaysian Institute

Chemical and Bioengineering Technology

(MICET), Bandar Vendor,

Taboh Naning, 78000 Alor Gajah, Malacca

2.457244

102.171177

!

!

!

!

Kepada!:!

Pengarah(



!



1! JAMUAN!VVIP!! RM!45!×!10! RM!450!







!



CIMB(BANK(:(8602047867(

!

Dikeluarkan!Oleh:!!

!

!

!



!

!




11

2.4.1 Suggested location area in UniKL MICET with approximate area.

In this section, the available area of installation in UniKL MICET has

been proposed after a long and thorough site visit. By giving the suggestion, it

will be a good companion and guide to select the area for PV solar

installation.

2.4.1.1 Suggestion Phase 1

Figure 4: Building name: Separation Labs (Lab 7, 8 & 9)

Approximate available area: 1030 m2

!

!

!

!

Kepada!:!

Pengarah(



!



1! JAMUAN!VVIP!! RM!45!×!10! RM!450!







!



CIMB(BANK(:(8602047867(

!

Dikeluarkan!Oleh:!!

!

!

!



!

!




12


Figure 5: Building name: Food Engineering Technology Labs



Figure 6: Building name: Section of Chemical Engineering Technology Labs



!

!

!

!

Kepada!:!

Pengarah(



!



1! JAMUAN!VVIP!! RM!45!×!10! RM!450!







!



CIMB(BANK(:(8602047867(

!

Dikeluarkan!Oleh:!!

!

!

!



!

!




13

Figure 7: Building name: Environment Engineering Technology Labs



Figure 8: Building name: Open ground – MICET Hills


2.4.1.6 Suggestion Phase: 6

!

!

!

!

Kepada!:!

Pengarah(



!



1! JAMUAN!VVIP!! RM!45!×!10! RM!450!







!



CIMB(BANK(:(8602047867(

!

Dikeluarkan!Oleh:!!

!

!

!



!

!




14

Figure 9: Building name: Open ground – MICET Hills


2.5 ANNUAL SOLAR IRRADIATION

Total solar irradiance is usually referred as the amount of radiant

energy emitted by the sun over all wavelengths that fall each second on 1

square meter outside the earth's atmosphere. Irradiance may be measured in

space or at the Earth's surface after atmospheric absorption and scattering.

Figures 10 below shows the annual solar irradiation data for Kuala

Lumpur with adjusted tilt plane of 20o and azimuth angle calculated of 50o

(Refer Index for Sample Calculation).

!

!

!

!

Kepada!:!

Pengarah(



!



1! JAMUAN!VVIP!! RM!45!×!10! RM!450!







!



CIMB(BANK(:(8602047867(

!

Dikeluarkan!Oleh:!!

!

!

!



!

!




15

Figures 10: Annual solar irradiation data for Kuala Lumpur

Figures 11: Solar irradiation graph for Kuala Lumpur

!

!

!

!

Kepada!:!

Pengarah(



!



1! JAMUAN!VVIP!! RM!45!×!10! RM!450!







!



CIMB(BANK(:(8602047867(

!

Dikeluarkan!Oleh:!!

!

!

!



!

!




16

2.6 PROPOSED SYSTEM SIZE

In this section, the proposed sizes of PV solar panels are justified with data

collected, as well as the selection of installation area. The sizing are done by

using PVsyst software of 6.39 vesion. All the inputs for the sizing are as

stated below.

Table 3: Description of Input Data in PVsyst software.

2.6.1 Justification for input data.

2.6.1.1 Annual Yield

The total annual usage of electricity in UniKL MICET during 2014 was 2157

MW hours. Since this value is the 24 hours usage of electricity, a portion 70%

will justify the amount of daytime usage.

No Description Inputs

1 Annual Yield (MWh/year) 1510

2 Tilt Angle (o angle) 20

3 Azimuth Angle (o angle) 50

4 Module Type Standard

5 Mounting Disposition Façade or Tilt Roof

6 Technology Polycrystalline

7 Ventilation Property Ventilated

!

!

!

!

Kepada!:!

Pengarah(



!



1! JAMUAN!VVIP!! RM!45!×!10! RM!450!







!



CIMB(BANK(:(8602047867(

!

Dikeluarkan!Oleh:!!

!

!

!



!

!




17

This is due to:

I. A survey done shows that during the daytime, is the most peak hours

of electrical appliance and electrical usage. Almost 90% of all labs,

classes, library, lecture rooms, usage in administration blocks as well

as the cafeteria operated fully during this hours. The utilization is high

that causes high consumption of electricity.

II. During nighttime, only a few classes of lectures and tutorials are

conducted. No labs using electricity and only lights are on in

administration blocks as well as major academic buildings.

This value, 1510 MW hours/year has then been used as the amount that the

solar panels should yield yearly (expected annual yield), in order to generate

electricity to cater the daytime usage in UniKL MICET.

2.6.1.2 Tilt Angle & Azimuth Angle

Both angles are gained for each roof of the suggested buildings. Since

all these angles have small change, the average of the value has been used

to compute using the software.

The size obtained through the software was 7677 m2. Thus, as

suggested in suggestion phases above; phase 1 till phase 6 are chosen as

the installation area which could accommodate more than 7677m2. Whereas,

the nominal power or the rated power was 1152kW. The results from the

software are as shown in figure 12 below.

!

!

!

!

Kepada!:!

Pengarah(



!



1! JAMUAN!VVIP!! RM!45!×!10! RM!450!







!



CIMB(BANK(:(8602047867(

!

Dikeluarkan!Oleh:!!

!

!

!



!

!




18

Figure 12: The sizing are done by using PVsyst software of 6.39 version

Figure 13: System Output energy graph by using PVsyst software of 6.39

version

!

!

!

!

Kepada!:!

Pengarah(



!



1! JAMUAN!VVIP!! RM!45!×!10! RM!450!







!



CIMB(BANK(:(8602047867(

!

Dikeluarkan!Oleh:!!

!

!

!



!

!




19

2.7 CONFIGURATION OF SOLAR MODULES AND INVERTERS

To produce 1510 MW hours/year for UniKL MICET, with 7677 m2, the number

of panels needed to be installed is calculated below. All the panels or each

single panel used has rated power of 300W.

Thus, it needed about 3840 panels with rated power of 300 W of each panel

to produce 1510 MW hours/year of daytime electricity. Whereas, as a guide,

it’s calculated the maximum area or size of a single solar panel that can be

located, to meet the allocated size available in UniKL MICET. Listed are the

two options for PV solars. Both are polycrystalline solar panels with 300W

maximum power.

!

!

!

!

Kepada!:!

Pengarah(



!



1! JAMUAN!VVIP!! RM!45!×!10! RM!450!







!



CIMB(BANK(:(8602047867(

!

Dikeluarkan!Oleh:!!

!

!

!



!

!




20

2.7.1 Option 1

2.7.1.1 Solar Panel

Table 3: Model: RNG - 300 W Polycrystalline Solar Panel

Model: RNG – 300P

300 W Polycrystalline Solar Panel

Key Features:

Top Ranked PTC RatingHigh

Module Conversion Efficiency

Fast and Inexpensive Mounting

Maximizes System output by

reducing mismatch loss

100% EL testing on all Renogy

Modules, Guaranteed no Hot Spots

!

!

!

!

Kepada!:!

Pengarah(



!



1! JAMUAN!VVIP!! RM!45!×!10! RM!450!







!



CIMB(BANK(:(8602047867(

!

Dikeluarkan!Oleh:!!

!

!

!



!

!




21

Table 4: Electrical characteristics for solar panel Model: RNG – 300P

No Electrical Characteristics Output

1 Maximum Power at STC (Pmax) 300 W

2 Optimum Operating Voltage (Vmp) 37.46 V

3 Optimum Operating Current (Imp) 8.01 A

4 Open Circuit Voltage (Voc) 46.12 V

5 Short Circuit Current (Isc) 8.56 A

6 Maximum System Voltage 600 VDC (UL)

7 Maximum Series Fuse Rating 15 A

Table 5: Mechanical Properties for solar panel Model: RNG – 300P

No. Mechanical Properties Dimensions

1 Solar Cell Polycrystalline (156 x 156 mm)

2 No. of Cells 72 (6 x 12)

3 Dimensions 1956 x 992 x 50 mm (76.9 x 39 x 2 in)

4 Weight 23 kgs. (50.6 lbs.)

5 Front Glass 3.2 mm (0.13 inches) Tempered Glass

6 Frame Anodized Aluminum Alloy

7 Junction Box IP65/IP67 Rated

8 Output cables 12 AWG

9 Connectors MC4 Connectors

10 Fire Rating Class C

!

!

!

!

Kepada!:!

Pengarah(



!



1! JAMUAN!VVIP!! RM!45!×!10! RM!450!







!



CIMB(BANK(:(8602047867(

!

Dikeluarkan!Oleh:!!

!

!

!



!

!




22

Table 6: Temperature Properties for solar panel Model: RNG – 300P

No Temperature Characteristics Temperature Range

1 Operating Module Temperature -40°C to +90°C

2 Nominal Operating Cell Temperature

(NOCT)

47±2°C

3 Temperature Coefficient of Pmax -0.44%/°C

4 Temperature Coefficient of Voc -0.30%/°C

5 Temperature Coefficient of Isc 0.04%/°C

!

!

!

!

Kepada!:!

Pengarah(



!



1! JAMUAN!VVIP!! RM!45!×!10! RM!450!







!



CIMB(BANK(:(8602047867(

!

Dikeluarkan!Oleh:!!

!

!

!



!

!




23

2.7.1.2 Inverter (SUNNY CENTRAL 250U / 500U)

Table 7: Inverter (SUNNY CENTRAL 250U / 500U)

Key Features:

Integrated isolation

transformers and deliver the

highest efficiencies available

for large PV inverters.

A completely updated user

interface features a large LCD

that provides a graphical view

of the daily plant production

as well as the status of the

inverter and the utility grid.

With the optional Sunny

WebBox, users can now

choose from either RS485 or

Ethernet based

communications.

Designed for easy installation,

operation and performance

monitoring, the new Sunny

Central is the ideal choice for

your large scale PV project.

!

!

!

!

Kepada!:!

Pengarah(



!



1! JAMUAN!VVIP!! RM!45!×!10! RM!450!







!



CIMB(BANK(:(8602047867(

!

Dikeluarkan!Oleh:!!

!

!

!



!

!




24

Table 8: Inverter technology description based on their model

No. SC 250U SC500U

1 Inverter Technology True sine wave, high

frequency PWM with

galvanic isolation

True sine wave, high

frequency PWM with

galvanic isolation

2 AC Power Output (Nominal) 250 kW 500 kW

3 AC Voltage (Nominal) 480 VAC WYE 480 VAC WYE

4 AC frequency (Nominal) 60 Hz 60 Hz

5 Current THD < 5% < 5%

6 Power Factor (Nominal) >0.99 >0.99

7 AC output Current Limit 300 AAC @ 480 VAC 300 AAC @ 480 VAC

8 DC Input Voltage Range 300-600 VDC 300-600 VDC

9 MPP Tracking 300-600 VDC 300-600 VDC

10 PV start Voltage (Configurable

300 – 600DC)

400 VDc 400 VDc

11 Maximum DC current 800ADc 1600ADc

12 Peak Efficiency 97.5% 97.5% (estimate)

13 CEC Weighted Efficiency 97% 97% (estimate)

14 Power Consumption 69 W standby, <1000 W

with fans

69 W standby, <1500 W

with fans

15 Ambient Operating Temperature -13 to 113oF at full power

output up to 122oF at

reduced power

-13 to 113oF at full power

output up to 122oF at

reduced power

16 Cooling Variable-speed forced air Variable-speed forced air

17 Enclosure NEMA 3R NEMA 3R

18 Dimension W x H X D in Inch 110 x 33 x 80 142 x 33 x 37

19 Weight 4200 lbs 6725 lbs

20 Compliance UL 1741, 1EEE-1547 UL 1741, 1EEE-1547

(pending)

!

!

!

!

Kepada!:!

Pengarah(



!



1! JAMUAN!VVIP!! RM!45!×!10! RM!450!







!



CIMB(BANK(:(8602047867(

!

Dikeluarkan!Oleh:!!

!

!

!



!

!




25

2.7.2 Option 2

Figure 13: Model Suntech STP 300-24/Ve

Model: Suntech STP 300-24/Ve


World-class manufacturer of

crystalline silicon photovoltaic

modules

Panels manufactured and assembled

in Malaysia.

• Unrivaled manufacturing capacity

and world-class technology

• Rigorous quality control meeting

the highest international standards:

ISO 9001: 2008, ISO 14001: 2004

and ISO17025: 2005

• Regular independently checked

production process from international

accredited institute/company

• Tested for harsh environments (salt

mist, ammonia corrosion and sand

blowing testing: IEC 61701

!

!

!

!

Kepada!:!

Pengarah(



!



1! JAMUAN!VVIP!! RM!45!×!10! RM!450!







!



CIMB(BANK(:(8602047867(

!

Dikeluarkan!Oleh:!!

!

!

!



!

!




26

Table 9: Electrical characteristics for solar panel Suntech STP 300-24/Ve

STC STP300-24/Ve STP295-24/Ve STP290-24/Ve

Maximum Power at STC (Pmax) 300 W 295 W 290 W

Optimum Operating Voltage (Vmp) 35.9 V 35.5 V 35.4 V

Optimum Operating Current (Imp) 8.36 A 8.29 A 8.20 A

Open Circuit Voltage (Voc) 44.5 V 44.3 V 44.1 V

Short Circuit Voltage (Isc) 8.83 A 8.74 A 8.65 A

Module Efficiency 15.5% 15.2% 14.9%

Operating Module Temperature -40 oC to +85 oC

Maximum System Voltage 1000 V DC (IEC)

Maximum Series Fuse Rating 20 A

Power Tolerance 0/+ 5%

Table 10: Temperature characteristics for solar panel Suntech STP 300-

24/Ve

Nominal Operating Cell Temperature

(NOCT)

45 2oC

Temperature Coefficient of Pmax -0.43 % / oC

Temperature Coefficient of Voc -0.33 % / oC

Temperature Coefficient of Isc 0.067 % / oC

!

!

!

!

Kepada!:!

Pengarah(



!



1! JAMUAN!VVIP!! RM!45!×!10! RM!450!







!



CIMB(BANK(:(8602047867(

!

Dikeluarkan!Oleh:!!

!

!

!



!

!




27

Table 11: Mechanical characteristics for solar panel Suntech STP 300-24/Ve

Solar Cell Polycrystalline silicon 156 x 156 mm (6 inches)

No. of Cells 72 (6 X 12)

Dimensions 1956 x 992 x 40 mm (77.0 x 39.1 x 1.6 inches)

Weight 25.8 kg (56.9 lbs)

Front Glass 4.0 mm (0.16 inches) tempered glass

Frame Anodized aluminum alloy

Junction Box IP67 rated (3 bypass diodes)

Output Cables TUV (2Pfg1169:2007)

4.0 mm2 (0.006 inches2), symmetrical lengths (-)

1100mm (43.3 inches) and (+) 1100 mm (43.3

inches)

Connectors H4 connectors

!

!

!

!

Kepada!:!

Pengarah(



!



1! JAMUAN!VVIP!! RM!45!×!10! RM!450!







!



CIMB(BANK(:(8602047867(

!

Dikeluarkan!Oleh:!!

!

!

!



!

!




28

2.7.2.1 Inverter

Solaron 500 kW PV Inverter

Key Features:

500 kW, high-power,

transformerless, bipolar design

Largest core engine in North

America—with the industry’s

smallest footprint and lightest

weight in its class

Inverter assembled in Malaysia

97.5% CEC

efficiencyIntegrated IDSTM

data monitoring and

communications

Grid integration controlsRemote

PV Tie (RPTTM) accessory

Over three decades of

experience in solar PV industry

24/7/365 global service and

support

Figure 14: Solar Inverter model Solaron 500 kW PV Inverter

!

!

!

!

Kepada!:!

Pengarah(



!



1! JAMUAN!VVIP!! RM!45!×!10! RM!450!







!



CIMB(BANK(:(8602047867(

!

Dikeluarkan!Oleh:!!

!

!

!



!

!




29

Table 12: Physical and Electrical characteristics for Solar Inverter model

Solaron 500 kW PV Inverter

PHYSICAL

Dimensions

83.1’ (H) x 89.5’ (W) x

211 cm (H) x 227cm (W) x 102cm (D)

Dimensions include cabinet handles and

connection box

Weight 3760 lb (1705.5 kg) unit weight

4100lb (1859.7 kg) shipping weight

Enclosure

Outdoor ready cabinet design; Environmental

base coating, electrostatically applied paint, sturdy

corrosion resistance steel construction, full lift-

rated eyes bolts

Environmental Rating NEMA 3R with NEMA 4 electronics cabinet

Connectors and Cable Supply

Output Power Connectors 4x500 MCM wires (Cu or Al)

Input Power Connectors 4x500 MCM wires (Cu or Al)

Optional AC/DC Switchgear Configurable AC or DC switches, fusedDC master

combiner

User Display Front panel LCD and keypad; security lock-outs;

emergency shutdown button

Electrical

Output power

Max Power 500 kW at 480 VAC

Voltage Range 432 TO 528 VAC, 3 ɸ, 60 Hz, grounded Wye

connection

Frequency 60Hz

Line Power Factor >0.99 typical

AC Current Distortion/ THB <2% typical

AC Line Current 600 Arms typical

!

!

!

!

Kepada!:!

Pengarah(



!



1! JAMUAN!VVIP!! RM!45!×!10! RM!450!







!



CIMB(BANK(:(8602047867(

!

Dikeluarkan!Oleh:!!

!

!

!



!

!




30

667 Arms continuous current output rating

(configurable)

Pea< Efficiency 98.6%

CEC Efficiency 97.5%

Input power

Array Configuration Separable bipolar using standard PV modules

Voltage 330 to 600 VDC

MPP DC Current 750 ADC max

Open-Circuit Wake-up Voltage 425 VDC default (configurable)

Standby Tae Losses < 100 W

MPPT Windows 330 to 550 VDC

2.8 PRICING

In this topic, the pricing of overall investment or overall payment that is

needed for the solar system will be analyzed.

2.8.1 Breakdown of Price

Pricing of total Solar System depends on the amount of electricity

production by the solar system, which is affected directly by the

number of solar panels and inverters used in the system or the size of

the plant that will be installed. Figure 15 below shows the breakdown

that is currently employed in Malaysian Solar Energy Industries. Sales

and Operational Cost, which included the monitoring, and maintenance

costs, repairs additional operational and overhead are applicable for 25

years. The further breakdown of this sales and operational cost are

stated in Appendix.

!

!

!

!

Kepada!:!

Pengarah(



!



1! JAMUAN!VVIP!! RM!45!×!10! RM!450!







!



CIMB(BANK(:(8602047867(

!

Dikeluarkan!Oleh:!!

!

!

!



!

!




31

Figure 15: Breakdown that is

currently employed in

Figure 15: Breakdown of Total Investment cost based on the current

Malaysian Solar Energy Industries

Equipment cost: Solar Panel, inverter mounting hardware and wiring

including Balance of System (BOS) as wires, combiners, junction

boxes, mounting equipment, conduit runs, and communications

equipment

Installation and permit: Solar installation, supply chain, permitting

and interconnection

Sales & Operational: monitoring and maintenance costs, repairs

additional operational and overhead (For 25 years only; Breakdown of

Maintenance costs are elaborated in Appendix)

47% Equipment

Cost 35% Installation and permit

18% Sales and

Operational

!

!

!

!

Kepada!:!

Pengarah(



!



1! JAMUAN!VVIP!! RM!45!×!10! RM!450!







!



CIMB(BANK(:(8602047867(

!

Dikeluarkan!Oleh:!!

!

!

!



!

!




32

2.8.2 Recommended System Price

2.8.2.1 Option 1

Model: RNG – 300P


Price per panel, RM1050 includes:

DC Combiner Box with Connectors

1 lot

AC Box with Connectors 1 no.

Electrical Cabling 1 lot

Mounting Structure System

(Aluminium/Stainless Steel) 1 lot

RM 1050 X =

RM 4, 032 000.00

Figure 16: Model: RNG – 300P 300 W Polycrystalline Solar Panel

!

!

!

!

Kepada!:!

Pengarah(



!



1! JAMUAN!VVIP!! RM!45!×!10! RM!450!







!



CIMB(BANK(:(8602047867(

!

Dikeluarkan!Oleh:!!

!

!

!



!

!




33

Price per Inverter, RM 625 000.00 for

500kW and RM320 000 for 250kW

includes:

Integrated IDSTM data monitoring

and communications

Grid integration controls

Remote PV Tie (RPTTM)

accessory

Needed two 500kW inverter and one 250

kW inverter.

RM 625 000 + RM 625 000 + RM 320

000 =

RM 1 570 000.00

Figure 17: Inverter (SUNNY CENTRAL 250U / 500U)

!

!

!

!

Kepada!:!

Pengarah(



!



1! JAMUAN!VVIP!! RM!45!×!10! RM!450!







!



CIMB(BANK(:(8602047867(

!

Dikeluarkan!Oleh:!!

!

!

!



!

!




34

Table 13: Total Equipment Cost Installation Cost Monitoring and maintenance

for Solar Inverter model Solar on 500 kW PV Inverter

No Cost Type Price, RM

1 Total Equipment Cost (Solar panels +

Inverters) = RM 4, 032 000.00 +

RM 1 570 000.00

RM 5, 602, 000.00

2 Installation Cost RM 4 171 702.00

3 Monitoring and maintenance RM 2 145 447.00

Grand Total of Option 1 RM 11, 919, 149.00

2.8.2.2 Option 2

Model: Suntech STP 300-24/Ve


Price per panel, RM1120 includes:

DC Combiner Box with

Connectors 1 lot

AC Box with Connectors 1 no.

Electrical Cabling 1 lot

Mounting Structure System

(Stainless Steel) 1 lot

RM 1120 X =

RM 4, 300 800.00

Figure 18: Model: Suntech STP 300-24/Ve

!

!

!

!

Kepada!:!

Pengarah(



!



1! JAMUAN!VVIP!! RM!45!×!10! RM!450!







!



CIMB(BANK(:(8602047867(

!

Dikeluarkan!Oleh:!!

!

!

!



!

!




35

Solar Inverter model Solaron 500

kW PV Inverter

Price per Inverter, RM 575 000.00 for

500kW and RM298 000 for 250kW

includes:

o Integrated isolation transformer

o Graphical LCD interface

o Sunny WebBox Installer

Needed two 500kW inverter and one

250 kW inverter.

RM 575 000 + RM 575 000 + RM 298

000 = RM 1 448 000.

Figure 19: Solar Inverter model Solaron 500 kW PV Inverter

Table 14: Total Equipment Cost Installation Cost Monitoring and maintenance

for Solar Inverter model Solaron 500 kW PV Inverter

No Cost Type Price, RM

1 Total Equipment Cost (Solar panels +

Inverters) = RM 4, 300 800.00 + RM 1 448

000.00

RM 5, 748, 800.00

2 Installation Cost RM 4 281 022.00

3 Monitoring and maintenance RM 2 201 669.00

Grand Total of Option 2: RM 12, 231, 491.00

!

!

!

!

Kepada!:!

Pengarah(



!



1! JAMUAN!VVIP!! RM!45!×!10! RM!450!







!



CIMB(BANK(:(8602047867(

!

Dikeluarkan!Oleh:!!

!

!

!



!

!




36

2.8.3 Number of Panels

To produce 1510 MW hours/year for UniKL MICET, with 7677 m2, the

number of panels needed to be installed is calculated below. All the panels or

each single panel used has rated power of 300W.

Thus, it needed about 3840 panels with rated power of 300 W of each

panel to produce 1510 MW hours/year of daytime electricity. Where as, as a

guide, it’s calculated the maximum area or size of a single solar panel that

can be located, to meet the allocated size available in UniKL MICET.

2.8.4 Number of Inverters

Inverter’s efficiency = 97%

= 2 inverters of 500kW and 1 inverter of 250kW

!

!

!

!

Kepada!:!

Pengarah(



!



1! JAMUAN!VVIP!! RM!45!×!10! RM!450!







!



CIMB(BANK(:(8602047867(

!

Dikeluarkan!Oleh:!!

!

!

!



!

!




37

3.0 PRODUCT MANUFACTURER WARRANTY

A. Ten Year Limited PV Module Warranty of Materials and Workmanship

Gynetic Solar for solar panel and inverter products warrants the PV

Module(s) to be free from defects and/or failures specified below for

the period not exceeding ten (10) years from the date of sale to the

original owner (―Customer‖):

o Defects and/or failures due to manufacturing;

o Defects and/or failures due to materials;

o Cracking of the front glass surface due to foreign objects inside the

glass; or Note: This limited warranty shall exclude cracking of the front

glass surface due to external shock from flying objects or external

stress.

o Non-conformity with specifications due to faulty manufacturing and/or

inspection processes. If the PV Module(s) fails to conform to this

warranty, Gynetic Solar technician will repair the PV Module(s), or

replace the PV Module(s) with equivalent PV Module(s), at Solar Panel

and inverters sole option.

3.1 Limited Power Output Warranty of 25 years (90% / 80%)

Subject to Solar Panel and inverters determining in its sole discretion

that any power loss is due solely to defects in materials or

workmanship, Solar Panel and inverters warrants the power output of

each type of PV Module(s): Solar Panel and inverters warrants that if,

Within the first ten (10) years from the date of sale to the Customer, the

PV Module(s) exhibits a power output of less than ninety percent (90%)

off.

!

!

!

!

Kepada!:!

Pengarah(



!



1! JAMUAN!VVIP!! RM!45!×!10! RM!450!







!



CIMB(BANK(:(8602047867(

!

Dikeluarkan!Oleh:!!

!

!

!



!

!




38

3.2 Warranty Exclusions

1) No claim based on this Limited Warranty may be brought after the

applicable warranty period. Any delivery of additional PV Module(s)

or the repair or replacement of the PV Module(s) shall not extend the

original terms of this Limited Warranty.

2) This Limited Warranty shall not cover defects and/or failures of the PV

Module(s) from the following causes even though such defects and/or

failures are discovered within the applicable warranty period:

o Defects and/or failures caused by devices and/or parts other

than the PV Module(s) or mounting methods of such devices

and/or parts;

o Defects and/or failures caused by defective wiring, installation,

or handling;

o Defects and/or failures caused by inappropriate environmental

conditions or installations not in conformance with PV Module(s)

specifications, installation manuals, operation manuals, or labels

attached to the PV Module(s);

o Defects and/or failures caused by unauthorized maintenance,

operation or modification, regardless of whether such act is

willful misconduct or negligence;

o Defects and/or failures caused by removal from the original

place of installation;

o Defects and/or failures caused by repairs not in accordance with

Solar Panel and inverters instructions;

o Defects and/or failures caused by inappropriate handling during

transportation or storage;

o Defects and/or failures caused by use on a mobile unit including,

but not limited to, vehicles, vessels and any other such mobile

unit.

!

!

!

!

Kepada!:!

Pengarah(



!



1! JAMUAN!VVIP!! RM!45!×!10! RM!450!







!



CIMB(BANK(:(8602047867(

!

Dikeluarkan!Oleh:!!

!

!

!



!

!




39

o Defects and/or failures caused by external accidents such as

fire, explosion, and civil disorder;

o Defects and/or failures caused by natural forces, acts of God or

force majeure events and other

o Unforeseen circumstances or causes beyond Gynetic Solar

reasonable control including, but not limited to, earthquakes,

typhoons, hurricanes, tornadoes, volcanic action, floods,

tsunami, lightning, snow damage; or

o Defects and/or failures caused by smoke and/or other pollution,

salt damage, acid rain.

o Defects and/or failures caused by rat, insect, or other animal or

living creature of any kind.

o Defects and/or failures caused by aged deterioration or usage,

which do not affect output of the PV Module(s) (e.g. rust, mold,

scratches, spots, discoloration, mechanical wear or tear, etc.)

o Defects and/or failures caused by inspection and/or repair,

relocation, modification except as performed by Gynetic Solar or

Gynetic Solar’s authorized agent.

!

!

!

!

Kepada!:!

Pengarah(



!



1! JAMUAN!VVIP!! RM!45!×!10! RM!450!







!



CIMB(BANK(:(8602047867(

!

Dikeluarkan!Oleh:!!

!

!

!



!

!




40

4.0 Investment Analysis

In this section, the amount of time for the payback and the cumulative

investment analysis are presented. This is the key analysis to show the

performance of investment throughout the solar system. Return on investment

(ROI) is a financial calculation used to gauge how well the money invested on

solar systems earns or profits even more money. To calculate ROI it’s divided

the earnings made from an investment by the amount invested.

Figure 20: Output Data from PVSyst Software

System Analysis

Estimated Annual System Yield = 1 510 000 kWh

Nominal or Rated Power = 1152 kWp = 1.152 MWp

Estimated Annual Specific Yield =

!

!

!

!

Kepada!:!

Pengarah(



!



1! JAMUAN!VVIP!! RM!45!×!10! RM!450!







!



CIMB(BANK(:(8602047867(

!

Dikeluarkan!Oleh:!!

!

!

!



!

!




41

4.1 Investment Analysis for Option 1


Estimated Annual System Yield = 1 510 000 kWh per year

Based on the Government Renewable Energy Policy and Feed-in Tariff (FiT)

program, the electricity saving/sales can be computed as below:

Basic FiT rates:

Above 1MW and up to including 10MW = RM0.5472 per kWh.

Bonus FiT rates with criteria of the followings:

Use as Installation in buildings or building structures = +RM0.1722

Total Feed in Tariff for Option 1: RM 0.7194 per kWh

Estimated Annual FiT Income:

Simple Payback (years) =

= 10.97 years = 11 years.

Return on Investment (ROI) = 9.85%

!

!

!

!

Kepada!:!

Pengarah(



!



1! JAMUAN!VVIP!! RM!45!×!10! RM!450!







!



CIMB(BANK(:(8602047867(

!

Dikeluarkan!Oleh:!!

!

!

!



!

!




Figure 20: Cumulative Investment Analysis for option 1 (simple payback)

-15

-10

-5

0

5

10

15

YR 00 YR 01 YR 02 YR 03 YR 04 YR 05 YR 06 YR 07 YR 08 YR 09 YR 10 YR 11 YR 12 YR 13 YR 14 YR 15 YR 16 YR 17 YR 18 YR 19 YR 20 YR 21

MIL

LIO

N (

RM

)

YEARS

!

!

!

!

Kepada!:!

Pengarah(



!



1! JAMUAN!VVIP!! RM!45!×!10! RM!450!







!



CIMB(BANK(:(8602047867(

!

Dikeluarkan!Oleh:!!

!

!

!



!

!




43

4.2 Investment Analysis for Option 2


Estimated Annual System Yield = 1 510 000 kWh per year

Based on the Government Renewable Energy Policy and Feed-in Tariff (FiT)

program, the electricity saving/sales can be computed as below:

Basic FiT rates:

Above 1MW and up to including 10MW = RM0.5472 per kWh.

Bonus FiT rates with criteria of the followings:

Use as Installation in buildings or building structures = +RM0.1722

Use of locally manufactured or assembled solar PV modules =

+RM0.05

Use of locally manufactured or assembled solar inverters = +RM0.05

Total Feed in Tariff for Option 1: RM 0.8194 per kWh

Estimated Annual FiT Income:

Simple Payback (years) =

= 9.63 years.

Return on Investment (ROI) = 11.2%

!

!

!

!

Kepada!:!

Pengarah(



!



1! JAMUAN!VVIP!! RM!45!×!10! RM!450!







!



CIMB(BANK(:(8602047867(

!

Dikeluarkan!Oleh:!!

!

!

!



!

!




Figure 21: Cumulative Investment Analysis for option 2 (simple payback)

-15

-10

-5

0

5

10

15

YR 00 YR 01 YR 02 YR 03 YR 04 YR 05 YR 06 YR 07 YR 08 YR 09 YR 10 YR 11 YR 12 YR 13 YR 14 YR 15 YR 16 YR 17 YR 18 YR 19 YR 20 YR 21

MIL

LIO

N (

RM

)

YEARS

!

!

!

!

Kepada!:!

Pengarah(



!



1! JAMUAN!VVIP!! RM!45!×!10! RM!450!







!



CIMB(BANK(:(8602047867(

!

Dikeluarkan!Oleh:!!

!

!

!



!

!




45

APPENDIX

SAMPLE TILT ANGLE CALCULATION, Α

Sin (∠A) =

= 0.36

Sin-1 (0.36) = 21.10o

Average tilt angle of all selected buildings = 20o

!

!

!

!

Kepada!:!

Pengarah(



!



1! JAMUAN!VVIP!! RM!45!×!10! RM!450!







!



CIMB(BANK(:(8602047867(

!

Dikeluarkan!Oleh:!!

!

!

!



!

!




46

AZIMUTH ANGLE SAMPLE CALCULATION, Β

Azimuth Angle (angle marked with β mark)

180o – 126o = 54 o

Average Azimuth angle of all selected buildings = 50 o

TILT AND AZIMUTH ANGLES REFERENCE

!

!

!

!

Kepada!:!

Pengarah(



!



1! JAMUAN!VVIP!! RM!45!×!10! RM!450!







!



CIMB(BANK(:(8602047867(

!

Dikeluarkan!Oleh:!!

!

!

!



!

!




47

The table below provides a breakdown of costs across four categories -

scheduled maintenance; unscheduled maintenance; inverter/equipment

replacement; and insurance, property taxes, and owner’s costs – for a

conceptual nominal power of 1 MW PV plant.

O&M Costs (RM/kW-yrs.)

Scheduled Maintenance /Cleaning 20

Unscheduled Maintenance 2

Inverter Replacement Reserve 10

Subtotal O&M 32

Insurances, Property Taxes ,Owner’s

Cost

15

Total O&M 47

!

!

!

!

Kepada!:!

Pengarah(



!



1! JAMUAN!VVIP!! RM!45!×!10! RM!450!







!



CIMB(BANK(:(8602047867(

!

Dikeluarkan!Oleh:!!

!

!

!



!

!




48

The various types of maintenance strategies for a PV plant include:

Preventative Maintenance includes routine inspection and servicing of

equipment to prevent breakdowns and production losses

Corrective or reactive maintenance addresses equipment breakdowns after

the occurrence. This ―break and fix‖ method has low upfront costs, but bears

the risk of unplanned downtime and higher costs on the back end. This is the

current industry standard

Condition based maintenance (CBM) uses real-time data to prioritize and

optimize maintenance and resources

More than one of these maintenance strategies is needed, but a proper

strategy can limit the amount of ―surprises‖ and will decrease the amount of

unplanned downtime. When establishing a preventative maintenance

schedule, it is important to do so based upon each component and system

manufacturers’ recommendations. Corrective maintenance procedures should

also be established to address items that require immediate repairs and items

that can be repaired with routine maintenance visits. Some typical

maintenance needs at PV plants include:

Over the course of time, dust collects on the PV panels significantly affecting

system efficiency. Panels must be cleaned regularly to minimize efficiency

loss PV operators and suppliers have found that one to two cleanings per

year will adequately serve most plants’ needs System components must go

through a thorough maintenance checklist at least once or twice per year. The

checklist should include such items as:

Checking connections of wires

Testing voltage / current through wires and PV modules

Inspecting components for moisture

Greasing actuator gears and topping off hydraulic fluid

on tracker components, if applicable

!

!

!

!

Kepada!:!

Pengarah(



!



1! JAMUAN!VVIP!! RM!45!×!10! RM!450!







!



CIMB(BANK(:(8602047867(

!

Dikeluarkan!Oleh:!!

!

!

!



!

!




49

Testing of SCADA and meteorological systems

communications

Confirming settings on the inverter

Resealing of system components

Additional maintenance needs include the removal of snow, ice, grass, and

vegetation to ensure effective system operation. The total inspection that has

been included in Costing for 25 years are shown in Figure below.

!

!

!

!

Kepada!:!

Pengarah(



!



1! JAMUAN!VVIP!! RM!45!×!10! RM!450!







!



CIMB(BANK(:(8602047867(

!

Dikeluarkan!Oleh:!!

!

!

!



!

!




Total inspection that has been included in Total Investment Costing available for 25 years

Typical Maintenance NeedsTypical Maintenance Needs

This illustration highlights some of the plant maintenance needs that must be factored into an O&M budget

• Clean panels

• Grease tracker gears and actuators

• Check hydraulics

• Calibrate controllers and sensors

• Remove vegetation, snow, and ice from

bl ki l

• Perform thermal imaging to test

electrical connections

• Inspect for loose connections,

rust/moisture, or pest infestation

• Test string current

Other items:

• Inspect SCADA and

meteorological systems

communication

connection and test signal

t thblocking panels strength

String

Combiner

Line from

DC

Sub

Combiner

additional

arraysPV

Panels

Grid

Disconnect

Switch

AC

Disconnect

Switch

• Test inverter functionality and

settings

• Perform thermal imaging to

test electrical connections

• Inspect for loose connections,

rust/moisture, or pest

infestation

Inverter

Grid

Interconnect

Copyright © 2010 by ScottMadden. All rights reserved. 6

infestation

* Advanced Energy Global Systems, 2010.

** Banke, Bryan, “Solar Electric Facility O&M: Now Comes the Hard Part” three-part series, Oct-Dec 2009, www.renewableenergyworld.com.

!

!

!

!

Kepada!:!

Pengarah(



!



1! JAMUAN!VVIP!! RM!45!×!10! RM!450!







!



CIMB(BANK(:(8602047867(

!

Dikeluarkan!Oleh:!!

!

!

!



!

!




51

!

!

!

!

Kepada!:!

Pengarah(



!



1! JAMUAN!VVIP!! RM!45!×!10! RM!450!







!



CIMB(BANK(:(8602047867(

!

Dikeluarkan!Oleh:!!

!

!

!



!

!


Video Link: https://youtu.be/yQfjmngLGM4

GYNETIC GLOBAL VENTURES ENTERPRISE(PG0348037-U) LOT 105-1 ,KM 19 JALAN PSU 7 ,TAMAN TERENDAK PERMAI ,

76300 SUNGAI UDANG MELAKA.

019-4433215 [email protected]

renewable energy group 1 (gynetic solar panel system)

Documents