plagiat merupakan tindakan tidak terpuji - core.ac.uk · j urus an ilm u pendidikan fakultas keg u...

GNAYAS HISAK NAHUTUBEK KANA - 6 AISU KANA - NUHAT 21

NAP ID OROB AIRAM ATCNAS NAHUSA IT

ISPIRKS

utaS halaS ihunemeM kutnu nakujaiD tarayS nakididneP anajraS raleG helorepmeM gnilesnoK nad nagnibmiB idutS margorP

:helo nususiD apanoT anailuY

:MIN 09 04111 60

GNILESNOK NAD NAGNIBMIB IDUTS MARGORP NAKIDIDNEP UMLI NASURUJ

NAKIDIDNEP UMLI NAD NAURUGEK SATLUKAF AMRAHD ATANAS SATISREVINU

ATRAKAYGOY 102 3

PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJIPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

i

GNAYAS HISAK NAHUTUBEK KANA - KANA 6 AISU - NUHAT 21


ISPIRKS

utaS halaS ihunemeM kutnu nakujaiD tarayS nakididneP anajraS raleG helorepmeM gnilesnoK nad nagnibmiB idutS margorP

:helo nususiD apanoT anailuY

:MIN 09 04111 60

GNILESNOK NAD NAGNIBMIB IDUTS MARGORP NAKIDIDNEP UMLI NASURUJ

URUGEK SATLUKAF NAKIDIDNEP UMLI NAD NA AMRAHD ATANAS SATISREVINU

ATRAKAYGOY 102 3


ii


iii


vi

NAHABMESREP NAD OTTOM

”.aynutkaw adap hadni utauses alages taubmem hallA“

kgneP( h )11 :3 habto

“ ada paites suret halujaM .natilusek ipadahgnem taas rudnum hanrep nagnaJ

iJ .natapmesek .tubesret natapmesek nakatpic ,natapmesek ada kadit ak ”

( llewxaM nhoJ )

:adapek nakhabmesrepuk ini ispirkS

isagergnoK retsuS araP ihalI naaraggneleyneP malad gnukudnem gnay

.ukiduts nad naliggnap

nilesnoK nad nagnibmiB idutS margorP :atnicret ukretamamlA g

amrahD atanaS satisrevinU .


v

AYRAK NAILSAEK NAATAYNREP

ayaS ini silut ayas gnay ispirks awhab aynhuggnuses nagned nakataynem

naktubesid halet gnay ilaucek ,nial gnaro ayrak naigab uata ayrak taumem kadit

s ,akatsup ratfad nad napituk malad .haimli ayrak aynkayal anamiagabe

atrakaygoY , 81 rebmeseD 3102

apanoT anailuY


iv

NAUJUTESREP NARABMEL SIMEDAKA NAGNITNEPEK KUTNU HAIMLI AYRAK ISAKILBUP

atanaS satisrevinU awsisaham ayas ,ini hawab id nagnatadnatreb gnaY amrahD :

amaN : apanoT anailuY

MIN 0411190 : 60

adapek nakirebmem ayas ,nauhategneP umlI nagnabmegnep imeD P naakatsupre ayrak amrahD atanaS satisrevinU haimli :ludujreb gnay ayas NAHUTUBEK

KANA GNAYAS HISAK - KANA 6 AISU - NUHAT 21 NAHUSA ITNAP IDIRAM ATCNAS 3102 OROB A .

adapek nakirebmem ayas naikimed nagneD P atanaS satisrevinU naakatsupre ,nial aidem kutneb malad nakhilagnem ,napmiynem kutnu kah amrahD nad ,satabret araces nakisubirtsidnem ,atad nalakgnap kutneb malad aynalolegnem

tenretni id nakisakilbupmem apnat simedaka nagnitnepek kutnu nial aidem uata amales ayas adapek itlayor nakirebmem nupuam ayas irad niji atnimem ulrep

.silunep iagabes ayas aman nakmutnacnem patet

.aynranebes nagned taub ayas ini naataynrep naikimeD

id taubiD atrakaygoY

gnat adaP 81 lag rebmeseD 3102

nakataynem gnaY

apanoT anailuY


iiv

KARTSBA

GNAYAS HISAK NAHUTUBEK KANA - KANA 6 AISU - NUHAT 21


oT anailuY apan amrahD atanaS satisrevinU

3102

nakispirksidnem kutnu naujutreb ini naitileneP bek gnayas hisak nahutu adap kana - kana aisu 6- nuhat 21 oroB airaM atcnaS nahusA itnaP id laggnit gnay

naklusugnem nad .akerem igab nagnibmib anacner halmujreb naitilenep kejbuS .fitatilauk naitilenep halada naitilenep sineJ

at 21 nad 11 aisureb gnay kana tapme nuh M . id laggnit akere atcnaS nahusA itnaPatrakaygoY oroB airaM . inkay ,fitatilauk edotem nakanuggnem ini naitileneP

atad nalupmugnep iulalem isavresbo , maladnem aracnawaw iduts nad ,isatnemukod naaynatrep apureb naitilenep nemurtsnI . - namodep naaynatrep

o nagned nakisatlusnokid nad itilenep helo nususid gnay aracnawaw nad isavresb amatu kejbus nagned aracnawaw lisah irad helorepid gnay ataD .gnibmibmep

nad naitilenep d aracnawaw lisah nagne makerid gnukudnep kejbus nususid nad.pirksnart kutneb malad idumeK atad sisilanagnem nad mukgnarem itilenep na

.naitilenep ep lisaH awhab nakkujnunem naitilen a kejbus tapme adap naitahrep keps

.ihunepret hadus ini naitilenep malad gnay naitahrep kutneB ihunepret hadus halada irahes nahutubek nahunemep - .irah aratnemeS uti , nahunemep agit kepsa

nial gnay halada naktakgnitid ulrep hisam gnay utiay )a , kepsa namahamep irebid :raulek isaerker kutnu natapmesek , itahisanid nad rugetid ,hides taas inametid

nahalasek nakukalem akitek tubmel nagned ; )b kepsa naagrahgnep ijup irebid : na , ;drawer nad hisak amiret napacu nad )c kepsa naarsemek : gnecreb k nagned amar

nahutnes ,husagnep - atak nad kisif nahutnes - nad ,nakgnanenem gnay atak .ihunepret muleb namuynes itilenep tubesret naitilenep lisah nakrasadreB

margorp aparebeb naklusugnem dnep nagnipma kutnu nahunemep utnabmemkepsa - .gnayas hisak kepsa pilem nataigek nalusU :nataigek itu b )1 nagnibmi

,lawdajret gnay idabirp )2 p niamreb tuki kutnu utkaw nakgnaulem gnipmadneb kana nagned amasre - iskefa nahutubek nakirebmem kutnu arac iagabes kanaek kana adap , )3 a kutnu natapmesek iagabes nakanugid gnalu naayarep arac

kana irid malad iskefa nakhubmunem , )4 r nad ilakes nalub utas nipmipret isaerkekiab nagned nakpaisrepid , )5 p nahutubek nahunemep kutnu nanayalep naabmolre

naagrahgnep p , agnep uata gnoma lawa paites id ayngnanemep nakmumugnem husnalub , )6 p mumuid ayngnanemep nad nahisrebek agajnem naabmolre nak adap

nad amasreb isaerker taas p nakirebmem husagne drawer gnay kana adapek utas amales nahisrebek agajnem lisahreb uggnim .


iiiv

TCARTSBA

ROF DEEN EHT NOITCEFFA 6 DEGA NERDLIHC NI - DLO SRAEY 21

TCNAS TA OROB EGANAHPRO AIRAM A

apanoT anailuY ytisrevinU amrahD atanaS

3102

6 dega nerdlihc ni noitceffa rof deen eht ebircsed ot smia hcraeser sihT - 21oluK ,oroB ni eganahprO airaM atcnaS ta evil ohw dlo sraey ,atrakaygoY ,ogorpn

.ecnatsissa rehtruf rieht rof nalp a esoporp ot dna era hcraeser siht ni stcejbus ehT .hcraeser evitatilauq a si hcraeser sihT ni eganahprO airaM atcnaS ta evil yehT .dlo sraey 21 dna 11 dega nerdlihc ruof

craeser sihT .atrakaygoY ,oroB noitcelloc eht yleman ,sdohtem evitatilauq sesu hni ,noitavresbo hguorht atad fo - ehT .yduts tnemucod dna ,sweivretni htped

delipmoc sweivretni dna snoitseuq gnidiug s’noitavresbo era stnemurtsni hcraesera siseht eht htiw noitatlusnoc ni rehcraeser eht yb eht yb deniatbo atad ehT .rosivd

hcraeser eht fo stcejbus yradnoces eht dna tcejbus niam eht htob htiw sweivretni rehcraeser eht ,taht retfA .tpircsnart a fo mrof eht otni delipmoc dna dedrocer erew

.atad hcraeser eht sezylana dna sezirammus fo tluser ehT ruof no noitnetta fo stcepsa eht taht swohs hcraeser eht

deen stcepsa emos hguoht neve ,dellifluf ylevitaler era hcraeser siht ni stcejbus yliad fo tnemllifluf eht si dellifluf era hcihw tcepsa enO .stnemevorpmi emos

ht fo tnemllifluf eht ,elihwnaeM .sdeen eb ot dedeen stcepsa eerht rehto e teg ot ytinutroppo eht gnivah :gnidnatsrednu fo stcepsa ehT .)a era devorpmi devorper gnieb ,ssendas fo stnemom ni deinapmocca gnieb ,noitaercer roodtuo

er fo stcepsa eht )b ,sekatsim gnikam nehw yaw eltneg ni desivda dna gnieb :draw htiw gnittahc :ycamitni fo stcepsa eht )c ,dna ,drawer dna sknaht gnivig ,desiarp .tey dellifluf ton erew selims dna sdrow tnasaelp ,sehcuot lacisyhp ,srevigerac eht

gnirotnem lareves sesoporp rehcraeser eht ,hcraeser eht fo tluser eht no desaB eht taht seitivitca ehT .tcepsa noitceffa eht fo tnemevorpmi eht pleh ot smargorp eht )2 ,ecnadiug lanosrep deludehcs )1 :gniwollof eht era sesoporp rehcraeser eht yalp dna emag s’nerdlihc ni devlovni eb ot emit erom eraps ohw srevigerac

c eht teem ot yaw sa yadhtrib s’nerdlihc gnitarbelec )3 ,noitceffa fo deen s’nerdlih deraperp llew dna dediug )4 ,noitceffa fo deen s’nerdlihc llifluf ot yaw rehtona eht eht ot ecnadrocca ni ecivres tseb fo noititepmoc eht )5 ,htnom a ecno noitaercer

deen eht fo tnemllifluf srevigerac eht dna naidraug eht htiw ,noitaicerppa fo s fo noititepmoc eht )6 ,htnom eht fo gninnigeb eht ni ecnamrofrep tseb eht eralced eht nehw tnemom eht ta renniw eht eralced srevigerac eht htiw ,eneigyh tseb

ht ot drawer gnivig dna dleh si noitaercer rieht peek yltnetsisnoc nac ohw eso.erofeb keew eht gnirud eneigyh


xi

RATNAGNEP ATAK

pacugnem siluneP nad ijup laggnutirT hallA adapek rukuys gnay

ainurak sata sudukahaM - .ini ispirks nakiaseleynem tapad silunep aggnihes ayN

nemem kutnu nususid ini ispirkS anajraS raleg helorepmem tarays utas halas ihu

.atrakaygoY amrahD atanaS satisrevinU id gnilesnoK nad nagnibmiB nakididneP

takreb nakiaselesret tapad ini ispirks nanusuynep awhab iradaynem siluneP

,nagnibmib aitahrep nautnab nad ,nagnukud ,n p iagabreb irad anerak helO .kahi

,uti itah sulut nagned :adapek hisak amiret nakpacugnem silunep

.1 kapaB idutS margorP autek ukales ,.iS.M ,suraB nodneG .rD

atrakaygoY amrahD atanaS satisrevinU gnilesnoK nad nagnibmiB

nagnukud ,natapmesek irebmem halet gnay anusuynep malad ispirks n

.ini

.2 .mR ontayluM .BC .rD , rP ,. aites halet gnay gnibmibmep nesod ukales

nakusam kaynab irebmem nad ,gnukudnem ,gnibmibmem rabas nad

.silunep adapek

.3 satisrevinU gnilesnoK nad nagnibmiB idutS margorP nesod araP

ap hirejreb halet gnay amrahD atanaS ,umli ,aganet nakirebmem hay

.silunep adapek naitahrep nad

.4 kapaB retsuJ aganiS lanoD ,.dP .M , nad tagnames irebmem halet gnay

sesorp malad utnabmem naitilenep isitirkgnem nad ,nakusam irebmem ,

.ini ispirks


x

.5 d nagnibmiB idutS margorP anajras ijugnep aitinaP gnay ,gnilesnoK na

naiju itukignem kutnu silunep adapek natapmesek irebmem halet

.ini ispirks naknahatrepmem nad anajras

.6 satisrevinU aggnat hamur ,KB tairaterkes ,naakatsuprep nawayrak araP

silunep utnabmem aites ,hamar ,rabas nagned gnay amrahD atanaS

lad namajnimep ma

namayn anasaus nakatpicnem nad ,isartsinimda nasurugnep ,ukub

.rajaleb malad

.7 retsuS nanipmiP naweD atreseb nanipmiP isniporP isagergnoK

ihalI naaraggneleyneP acrepek nakirebmem halet gnay nad naay

atapmesek iduts kutnu n amales nagnukud irebmem nad ,nakaodnem ,

.rajaleb sagut naknalajnem silunep

.8 retsus araP IP usuhk araces s retsus arap id silehciM draudE satinumok

nagnukud irebmem aites gnay atrakaygoY amales silunep adapek

pirks nanusuynep adap iapmas rajaleb .ini is

.9 ,.CIF ,idikaW suitangI .rB airaM atcnaS nahusA itnaP nanipmiP ukales

nakukalem kutnu silunep adapek niji nakirebmem halet gnay oroB

.naitilenep

.01 ,redurB araP nawayrak atres husagnep airaM atcnaS nahusA itnaP

oroB halet gnay gnukudnem nad utnabmem ep nakadagnem silun

.naitilenep

.11 MT ,ZR ,GN ,RM ( laisini aynnamalagnep nakigabmem aler gnay )

.naitilenep amales


ix

.21 ,autgnaro audeK kakak - kakak , nad ida k- nakaodnem aites gnay ,kida

.silunep adapek nagnukud irebmem nad

.31 tabahaS - ynem ,isavitomem ,ulales gnay tabahas ,nakaodnem ,itagname

.silunep gnukudnem nad

.41 nameT - gnay 9002 natakgna namet ajrek malad aites gnilas ,amas

.gnukudnem gnilas nad ,namalagnep igabreb

.51 tapad kadit gnay kahip aumeS silunep utas naktubes - halet gnay utasrep

.ini ispirks aynnakiaselesret utnabmem

ini ispirks awhab iradaynem siluneP anrupmes irad huaj o , uti anerak hel

nakusam naras nad ,kitirk , nakulrepid tagnas ini ayrak padahret . p ,aynrihkA silune

tapad ini ispirks parahreb taafnamreb .acabmep igab


iix

ISI RATFAD

LUDUJ NAMALAH .. ............................. . ........................ ............. ......... …… i

.......GNIBMIBMEP NAUJUTESREP NAMALAH . ............................... .… ii

NAHASEGNEP NAMALAH . ......... . ........ .. ............... . ....... . ....... .……..…… iii

OTTOM NAMALAH D ..........NAHABMESREP NA ……………… .. …… vi

NAATAYNREP NAMALAH ..............AYRAK NAILSAEK ........... .. …… v

..HAIMLI AYRAK ISAKILBUP NAUJUTESREP NAMALAH ................ iv

............KARTSBA ................ .............................. ................... .. ............. . ... . … iiv

TCARTSBA ............ ............. ....................................................................... .... iiiv

..........RATNAGNEP ATAK . ................................... ............................... ... .. . xi

..ISI RATFAD ................................ .... .......................................................... . xii

.........LEBAT RATFAD ............. ..................................................... . .... . ... ..... x iv

IPMAL RATFAD ..........NAR ....................... .............................. .................. xvii

NAULUHADNEP .I BAB

.A aleB rataL halasaM gnak …………………………… .… ………… 1

.B halasaM nasumuR ……………………………… ..… …………… 5

.C T naitileneP nauju …………………………… …… .……………… 6

.D naitileneP lisaH taafnaM ……………………… ..… ..…………… 6

.E O isinifeD lanoisarep .… ..…………… ………… … ……………… 7


iiix

SITIROET NAIJAK .II BAB

.A kanaK asaM -K kana rihkA .… …………………………………….… 01

.1 aitregneP n kanaK asaM - kanak rihka .…… ..…… ..……………… 01

.2 kitsiretkaraK kanaK asaM - kanak .. … ..……………………..…… 11

.3 saguT - kanaK asaM nagnabmekreP sagut - kanak . .. ..…………… 17

.B gnayaS hisaK nahutubeK …… . .… .………………………………… 22

.1 .nahutubeK ........ … …… .………………………………………… 22

.a nahutubek naitregneP ..... ..... ..……………………….……… 22

.b mumu araces nahutubeK ..... . ...... ....... . ……………………… 22

.c kana nahutubeK ..... ........ ... .… .……………………………… 42

.2 gnayaS hisaK ......... ..... …… ..…………………………………… 72

.a gnayas hisak naitregneP ..... ... …… … ..……………………… 72

.b kepsA - yas hisak kepsa a gn .... …… ..………………………… 82

.c nakirebmem autgnaro araC kana adapek gnayas hisak … ..… 03

.d nakirebid gnay gnayas hisak ayngnaruk irad kapmaD

kana adapek autgnaro o aut gnar .............. ......... .. ……….…… 23

.C ……………autgnarO .… …… . …..… .. …………………………….… 63

.1 naitregneP ............................. .. .. . ... .... ...... ,,, ...... ..………….… 63

.2 autgnarO isgnuF ............................. . ... .. ......... ………….…… 63

.D nahusA itnaP .................. ......... . .. .. .. . ..... ……………………..……… 38

.1 naitregneP ..... ..... ................. ... .. ...... ………………….……… 83

.2 sA itnaP oroB airaM atcnaS nahu .... ............. ....... …………… 93


vix

.E idabirP nagnibmiB - aisoS l .………… …. ………… .. .………..……… 04

.1 naitregneP nagnibmiB ……………… ...... . ............ ………..…… 04

.2 idabirP nagnibmiB - laisoS ...................... .. .. ........ ............ ……..… 24

NAITILENEP IGOLODOTEM .III BAB

.A .................naitileneP sineJ ......................... ........ . ........ ..……….… 44

.B ..........................naitileneP kejbuS ............. ................ …………… 64

.C ......................ataD nalupmugneP edoteM .... ... ... ..……………… 74

.D pahaT - .....................naitileneP pahat ................. ………………… 94

.E kinkeT ataD sisilanA ... ... . ................................................... ... ........ 05

.F ataD nahasbaeK naaskiremeP … ... ............... ................... ............. 05

.G nemurtsnI naitileneP ..... ..... ......... . ....... ............. ........ .. . ......... .…… 15

NASAHABMEP NAD NAITILENEP LISAH .VI BAB

.A ....naitileneP sesorP ............. ..……………………………….…… 65

.B P lisaH ...................naitilene ..…………………………………… 75

.1 matu kejbuS a ................. ....... .................................................. 75

.a isavresbO ..... .... ......... .... ........ .…………………………… 75

.b maladnem aracnawaW ..... .. .............. .…………………… 36

.2 ..…gnukudnep kejbuS .................. .. .......... ..………….……… 07

.a waW aracna ..... ...... ... .... ................. ………………….…… 07

.C ..................nasahabmeP ........ ……………………………….…… 77

.D sisilanA .............. .............. .……………………………………… 97


vx

.E namukgnaR ..... ................. ..... …………………………………… 38

PUTUNEP .V BAB

.A ......nalupmiseK ........... ............... ………………………………… 58

.B .....naitileneP nasatabreteK ............ ……………………………… 68

.C naitileneP nagnabmuS .………………………………………… 78

.D nagnipmadneP nalusU ……… .……………… ..………………… 78

.E nagnipmadneP kipoT nalusU ………… …… … .………….…… 88

.F naraS …… ……… …………..……………… …………………… 29

KATSUP RATFAD …………A ..…………………………………… 49

NARIPMAL … ..………………………….………………………… 69


ivx

LEBAT RATFAD

namalaH

.1 .1 lebaT isiK - kejbuS kutnu aracnawaW naudnaP isik .... .…… 25

.2 lebaT .2 naaynatreP - aracnawaW naaynatrep gnomaP kutnu

nad .husagneP .. ............. . .…………………………… 45

.3 lebaT .3 O lisaH …kejbuS tapmE padahreT isavresb .….…… 85

.4 .4 lebaT lisaH maladneM aracnawaW nagned

kejbuS ...naitileneP . ... ……………………………… 36


iivx

NARIPMAL RATFAD

namalaH

.1 1 naripmaL : saH li …isavresbO … ……… ... …… .….…… 96

.2 2 naripmaL : tapmE padahreT aracnawaW mitabreV

kejbuS .. .…………………………………… 401

.3 3 naripmaL : ,gnomaP ,nanipmiP nagned aracnawaW lisaH

d na …husagneP ……………… ....………… 221

.4 4 naripmaL : ……isatnemukuD idutS ..… …… ... … ...…… 31 4

.5 5 naripmaL : naitileneP nijI taruS … …… … .…….… … ..… 831

.6 naripmaL 6 : naitileneP nagnareteK taruS ………… . .....… 931


1

I BAB

NAULUHADNEP

B ini ba taumem naujut ,halasam nasumur ,halasam gnakaleb ratal

,naitilenep taafnam ,naitilenep nad po isinifed .lanoisare

.A halasaM gnakaleB rataL

ageN nakapurem aisenodnI itnap ikilimem kaynab gnilap gnay ar

a ageN nagned nakgnidnabid nahus ar - .ainud id nial aragen ,uti aratnemeS

nakaraggneleynem nad ikilimem aynah iridnes aisenodnI hatniremeP

0008 iapmas 0005 nakarikrepid aynhalmuj gnay nahusa itnap irad tikides

kilim kusamret hadus nad itnap 53 ikilimem aynah hatniremeP .itnap

oS nemetrapeD nagned nakgnidnabid iadamem muleb ini halmuJ .lais

atikes aynhalmuj gnay husaid surah gnay kana halmuj kana 000.005 r

( malad di.oc.akilbuper.www//:ptth d hudnui nat adap 3102 ieM 41 lagg

.02 lukuP 84 biw .)

p halmuJ awhab nakrabmaggnem kaynab tagnas gnay nahusa itna

halasam - kaynab tagnas hisam kana napudihek ratupes halasam gnay

itnap nanayal nakhutubmem aynmumu adap itnap id laggnit gnay akereM .

kadit ,aut gnaro naiarecrep ,aut gnaro naitamek ,imonoke rotkaf anerak

d gnaro apais iuhatekid kadit ,aynnarihalek nakparahi nabrok nad aynaut

.mala anacneb


2

kutnu halada nahusa itnap nairidnep gnitnepret naujut utas halaS

kah alebmem - kana kah - kana itnap nanayal nakhutubmem gnay .

kana tagnigneM - aped asam isatsevni nakapurem kana arap ,asgnab n

kana utnabmem kutnu atayn narep libmagnem nahusa itnap iridnep - kana

nad nakiridneM .kiab hibel gnay naped asam nakpaisrepmem malad

padahret nailudepek atayn kutneb nakapurem nahusa itnap alolegnem

id idajret gnay laisos halasam aisenodnI ( di.ca.jvnpu.yrarbil.www//:ptth

d hudnui 3102 ieM 41 laggnat adap lukup 50.12 biw .)

nakirebmem laisos naarethajesek agabmel iagabes nahusa itnaP

aisos nad latnem ,isome ,kisif nahutubek ihunemem kutnu nanayalep adap l

kana - raga husa kana akerem ,uti anerak helO .hutu araces gnabmekreb

nakhutubid es utas halaS .netepmok gnay husagnep aganet halmuj

kana gnipmadnep gnaroes helo ikilimid ulrep gnay rasadnem naupmamek -

ubek imahamem naupmamek halada nahusa itnap id kana kana nahut - .kana

adap netepmok gnay husagnep aganet halmuj nasatabretek ,ipatet nakA

utas halas idajnem nahusa itnap raseb naiagabes aladnek gnay

.lamiskam gnaruk nahusa itnap id nagnipmadnep nakbabeynem

kana tagnigneM - preb surah nahusa itnap inuhgnep kana irad hasi

kanak asam kajes akerem aut gnaro - helorepmem gnaruk akerem ,kanak

hisak naka suah akereM .akerem aut gnaro irad gnayas hisak nad naitahrep

nayas ,)502 :0991( kcolruH turuneM .g kana - gnaruk gnay kana

sekid tukat asarem naka gnayas hisak naktapadnem akereM .nakgnipma

.tubesret gnayas hisak nahutubek ihunemem kutnu arac iracnem naka


3

nad kisif nagnabmekrep akam ihunepret kadit tubesret nahutubek alibapA

tabmahret naka akerem isome .

id )NKK( atayN ajreK hailuK amales natamagnep nakrasadreB

nahusA itnaP oroB ,airaM atnaS - itilenep ,atrakaygoY,ogorpnoluK

kana awhab nakumenem - hisak nad naitahrep nakhutubmem tagnas kana

naktapadnem kutnu naudnirek napakgnU .akerem aut gnaro irad gnayas

padahret naitahrep iracnem akerem arac malad kapmat uti gnayas hisak

gnaro - ini laH .akerem aut gnaro rugif nakridahgnem gnay asawed gnaro

kana helo nakukalid amaturet - akerem akiteK .rasad halokes aisu kana

,aribmeg hibel kapmat idajnem akerem ,iatnicid nad ignudnilid asarem

akerem gnay nupapa namalagnep nakatirecnem uam ,inareb .imala

ukalirep lucnum akam iatnicid gnaruk asarem akerem akitek ,aynkilabeS

igab gnitnep rotkaf nakapurem gnayas hisak naratnalreteK .iausalam

( iausalam aynlubmit tnemtsujdalam asawed nad ajamer asam adap )

.)1991 ,kcolruH(

ahutubek nakapurem gnayas hisaK rasadnem gnilap gnay sikisp n

sigolokisp nahutubek ,)89 :1102( rahsaM turuneM .aisunam pudih malad

atnic naka nahutubek halada latnem natahesek igab gnitnep tagnas gnay

kana alibapA .gnayas hisak uata - nakasarem gnaruk uata hanrep kadit kana

gnayas hisak ad ir aut gnaro , akerem imalagnem .nitab naatirednep

P kadit anerak kana adap nitab naatiredne aynipukucret gnayas hisak asar

naktabikagnem aut gnaro nauggnag ,kana nadab natahesek ayntabmahret


4

nagnabmekrep nasadrecek ukalirep nad , haragnem adap d alapek sarek na

.lakan

tapad gnayas hisak naratnalretek awhab tapadnepreb ,)1991( kcolruH

,kcolruH tujnal hibeL .sigolokisp nad kisif nakasurek naktabikagnem

.gnayas hisak naratnalretek irad kapmad mane naktubeynem amatreP ,

bmekrep nad nahubmutrep natabmalretek aynada atres lamron gnay nagna

,nakam areles nagnalihek ,maidnep ,nasurukek ,nauselek nakbabeynem

.kitamosokisp tikaynep nad ,hodob asam pakis audeK tapad akerem ,

namet nagned nakgnidnabid luagreb malad kukik nad gnuggnac idajnem

.ayabes agiteK b nauggnag aynada , .pagag aynlasim ,araci tapmeeK ,

kutnu natilusek ,lautkeletni nagnabmekrep natabmalretek aynada

.hilareb hadum aynnaitahrep nad isartnesnok amileK natabmah aynada ,

padahret fitagen araces iskaereb ,nial gnaro nagned luagreb malad

akus ,nial gnaro natakednep pakisreb hadum ,amas ajrek kajaid r

,iadnap kadit asarem ,ihusumem nakpakgnugnem malad fiserga ukalirepreb

.hutap kadit nad nalasekek maneeK gnayas hisak narapalek gnay kana ,

gnaruk ,iridnes irid adapek naitahrep nakharagnem hibel gnurednec

ro nakitahrepmem .tutnunem akus nad ,nial gna

kana ukalirep ,itilenep sisetopih turuneM - gnires gnay itnap kana

lakan pacid ikilimem natiakretek hisak nad naitahrep ayngnaruk nagned

susuhk nagnipmadnep nakulrepid ,uti irad akaM .aut gnaro irad gnayas

a idabirp nagnibmib nad sagut nakiaseleynem tapad akerem rag - sagut

saguT .kiab nagned akerem nagnabmekrep - kadit nagnabmekrep sagut


5

nahutubek ihunemem ihunemem utnabid kadit kana alibapa iapacret naka

kana gnayas hisak namalagneP .gnayas hisak nahutubek naka akerem - kana

ad idajnem es gnay naidabirpek nagnabmekrep ras tah malad ,wolsaM(

542 :7002 losiwlA ).

.B halasaM nasumuR

kana igab gnayas hisak nahutubek nahunemep malad nahusagneP -

.akerem idabirp nagnabmekrep malad gnitnep rotkaf nakapurem kana

odnI id nahusa itnap aynkaynab anemoneF nasatabretek nagned aisen

gnay nalaosrep nakapurem gnipmadnep aganet isnetepmok nad halmuj

tagnignem hadum kadit utnet aganet halmuj habmaneM .nakhacepid ulrep

ihunemem surah nad atsaws alolekid nahusa itnap raseb naigabes

dnam araces naalolegnep nahutubek itilenep ,ini nalaosrep tahileM .iri

kana gnayas hisak nahutubek nalaosrep itamrecnem kutnu karegret - kana

6 aisu oroB airaM atcnaS nahusA itnaP - ,naparah nagneD .nuhat 21

ledom nakirebmem kutnu narikimep nagnabmus irebmem asib itilenep

ana igab nagnipmadnep k- ubesret kana araces t .fitkefe

:halada ini naitilenep irad kokop halasaM

.1 kana irid malad ada gnay hakapa itrepes gnayas hisak nahutubeK - kana

aisu 6 - ?oroB airaM atcnaS nahusA itnaP id nuhat 21

.2 kerem nahutubek nagned iauses gnay hakapa itrepes nagnibmiB ?a


6

.C naitileneP naujuT

:tukireb iagabes halada ini naitilenep naujuT

.1 nakispirksedneM 6 aisu kana gnayas hisak naka nahutubek - nuhat 21

airaM atcnaS nahusA itnaP id laggnit gnay oroB .

.2 kana igab nagnibmib anacner taubmeM - .nahusA itnaP id kana

.D lisaH taafnaM naitileneP

abes halada ini naitilenep taafnaM :tukireb iag

.1 sitiroet taafnaM

igab nagnabmus nad isamrofni nakirebmem tapad ini naitileneP

,gnilesnok nad nagnibmib gnadib malad nauhategnep nagnabmegnep

nayas hisak nahutubek nagned nagnubuhreb gnay aynsusuhk .g

.2 sitkarp taafnaM

.a iridnes itilenep igaB

hibel nagned irid nakpaisrepmem tapad kutnu nasawaw habmaneM

kana utnabmem akgnar malad malad kiab - id alibapa husa kana

.nahusa itnap id naksagut

.b husagnep arap igaB

hakgnal nad nasawaw nakirebmeM - gnipmadnep hakgnal gnay na

kana utnabmem tapad kutnu tapet - ihunemem malad kana

hisak naka nahutubek gniyas


7

.c itnap alolegneP igaB

)itnaP nanipmiP( itnap alolegnep arap igab nakusam nakirebmeM

nakajibek taubmem malad - nagned natiakreb gnay nakajibek

.itnap kana nagnabmekrep

.d aB nial itilenep ig

gnay nial itilenep igab nakusam nakirebmem ini naitileneP

nahalasamrep adap tanimreb kana gnayas hisak naka nahutubek -

.nahusa itnap id nakpititid gnay kana

.E lanoisarepO isinifeD

.1 nahutubeK

k anerak lubmit gnay utauses nakapurem nahutubeK .nagnaruke

nahutubeK - nahutubek halada rasad nahutubek - tabika nahutubek

nad ,irid agrah ,nama asar ,gnayas hisak ,rapal aynlasim nagnarukek

.)wolsaM( ayniagabes

.2 gnayas hisaK

itrareb hisak )IBBK( aisenodnI asahaB raseB sumaK turuneM

gnayas nakgnades ,irebmem nusuyneP miT( adapek atnic itrareb

halada gnayas hisak duskamid gnay tirknok araceS .)0991 ,IBBK

.kana gnaroes adapek gnayas uata atnic naasarep

.3 kanak asaM - rihka kanak

kanak asaM - nuhat 21 iapmas 6 aratna aisu tujnal kanak paggnaid gnay

gnatreb tapad ialum malad ,iridnes aynukalirep sata bawaj gnug


8

.nial gnaro nad ,ayabes namet ,akerem aut gnaro nagned aynnagnubuh

kanak asam rihkA .)63 :8002 ,itayahruN( - aisu irad gnusgnalreb kanak

.lauskes araces gnatam idajnem udividni ayntaas abit iapmas nuhat 6

,kcolruH( 6 aisU .)641 :1991 - kana anerak hilipid nuhat 21 - ialum kana

aisu adap aynmumu adap airaM atcnaS nahusa itnap id laggnit

.tubesret

.4 aut gnarO

,gnudnak ubi ,haya halada aut gnaro duskamid gnay ,IBBK turuneM

P miT( ilha ,iadnap ,kidrec ,aut paggnaid gnay gnaro ,IBBK nusuyne

.)0991

.5 nahusA itnaP

)moc.topsgolb.ulukgnebirtniwe//:ptth malad( 4:4002 IR sospeD

agabmel utaus halada kana laisoS nahusA itnaP awhab nakakumegnem

kutnu bawaj gnuggnat iaynupmem gnay laisos naarethajesek

isos naarethajesek nanayalep nakirebmem ,ratnalret kana adap la

malad kana ilaw /aut gnaro itnaggnep nanayalep nakirebmem

husa kana adapek laisos nad ,latnem ,kisif nahutubek ihunemem

igab iadamem nad tapet ,saul gnay natapmesek helorepmem aggnihes

gnay nagned iauses aynnaidabirpek nagnabmekrep iagabes nakparahid

atic surenep isareneg irad naigab - gnay nasni iagabes nad asgnab atic

.lanoisan nanugnabmep gnadib malad fitka atres turut naka


9

.6 nagnibmiB

nagnibmiB gnaro adapek nakirebid gnay nautnab halada - nagnarorep

m akerem raga gnaro kopmolek uata sagut aumes ipadahgnem upma

nakdujuwem ,sabeb nad radas araces aynpudih nagnabmekrep

nahilip taubmem malad uti nasabebek nad naradasek - araces nahilip

araces irid naiauseynep nakadnit akenareb libmagnem atres ,anaskajib

itutsaH irS & ,.S,W ,lekniW( .iadamem )23:4002


01

II BAB

ITIROET NAIJAK S

B ini ba ianegnem naiaru taumem asam kanak - nahutubek ,rihka kanak

.nagnibmib nad ,nahusa itnap ,aut gnaro irad gnayas hisak

.A kanaK asaM - kanaK rihkA

.1 k asam naitregneP kana - kanak rihka

kcolruH 1991( 641: ,) egnem awhab nakakum m kanak asa - kanak

rihka .kopmolek aisu uata halokes aisu nakapurem ini asaM

idajnem udividni ayntaas abit iapmas nuhat 6 aisu irad gnusgnalreb

lauskes araces gnatam . 7002( kortnaS : 02 ) , naktubeynem asam awhab

kanak - ( rihka kanak doohdlihc etal ) nakapurem nuhat edoirep - nuhat

halokes nuhat 11 aggnih 6 aisu ratikes irad ialumid gnay . huaj kadiT

tapadnep nagned adebreb namuH aynukub malad ailapaP

kanak asam awhab tnempoleveD - 6 aisu irad ialumid ,hagnet kanak - 11

.halokes aisu tubesid gnay nuhat

ahruN aguj kanA igolokisP aynukub malad ,)63 :8002( itay

kanak asam awhab nakpakgnugnem - 6 aisu irad ialumid tujnal kanak

kana ini edoirep adaP .nuhat 21 iapmas - tapad ialum paggnaid kana

aynnagnubuh malad ,iridnes aynukalirep sata bawaj gnuggnatreb

t gnaro nagned ,uti aratnemeS .nial gnaro nad ,ayabes namet ,akerem au

fusuY ( ,esaf 2 idajnem rasad halokes aisu igabmem igabmem )8002


11

salek asam :utiay - nuhat 7 uata 6 aisu ,rasad halokes hadner salek

salek asam nad ;nuhat 01 uata 9 rumu iapmas - halokes iggnit salek

rasad igabmem ,fusuY .nuhat 31 uata 21 rumu iapmas 01 uata 9 rumu ,

kanak asam - adap kana helo ikilimid gnay sahk tafis nakrasadreb kanak

.tubesret esaf audek

awhab naklupmisid tapad ,sata id naiaru nakrasadreB asam

kanak - nakapurem rihka kanak rasad halokes aisu gnusgnalreb gnay

6 aisu irad - nuhat 21 sata bawaj gnuggnatreb tapad ialum paggnaid nad

,akerem aut gnaro nagned aynnagnubuh malad ,iridnes aynukalirep

.nial gnaro atres ,ayabes namet

.2 asam kitsiretkaraK k kana - kanak

kanak asam nagnabmekrep kitsiretkaraK - ak kan fusuY turunem

:tukireb iagabes halai )8002(

.a lautkeletni nagnabmekreP

kanak asam adaP - ekreb hadus rikip ayad ,kanak ek gnabm

tirknok rikifreb hara agit nagned iadnatid ini edoireP .lanoisar nad

,urab napakacek uata naupmamek isakifisalkgnem utiay nak

em akgna nakisaisosagnem nad ,nusuyn - .nagnalib uata akgna

ikilimem hadus kana ini asam rihka adap ,uti gnipmasiD

ini asam adaP .anahredes gnay halasam nakhacemem naupmamek

,kitamtira ,silunem ,acabmem rasad nalipmaretek iasugnem kana


21

lamrof araces akerem nad raseb hibel gnay ainud adap nakpadahid

.aynayadub nad

.b asahab nagnabmekreP

,atak 005.2 ratikes iasaugnem hadus kana ini asam lawa adaP

11 aisu utiay rihka asam adap - iasugnem tapad halet nuhat 21

acabmem nalipmaretek ayniasaukid nagneD .atak 000.05 ratikes

d acabmem rameg hadus kana ,nial gnaro nagned isakinumokreb na

gnatnet( sitirk tafisreb gnay atirec nakragnednem uata

ini asam adaP .)nawalhap arap tayawir ,nagnalautep/nanalajrep

nakaynanem kaynab aid ,ujam hibel hadus kana rikifreb takgnit

s nad utkaw laos adap kana adap asahab naasaugneP .tabika babe

,nial gnaro nagned isakinumokreb :kutnu naujuteb ini asam

nalipmaretek imahamem ,)aynnaasarep( aynitah isi nakataynem

nakataynem rikifreb ,aynamiretid gnay isamrofni halognem

akataynem nad ,tapadnep nad nasagag .aynnanikayek nad pakis n

.c laisos nagnabmekreP

kana adap laisos nagnabmekreP - iadnatid rasaD halokeS kana

ed ,nagnubuh nasaulrep aynada nagn agraulek nagned gnipmasid

( ayabes namet nagned urab nataki kutnebmem ialum aid aguj reep

puorg es ,salekes namet uata ) nagnubuh kareg gnaur aggnih

ikilimem ialum kana ini aisu adaP .saul habmatreb halet aynlaisos

irid nakiauseynem napuggnasek - ( iridnes sirtnesoge pakis adapek )

gnay fitarepook nakitahrepmem uam( sirtneisos uata )amasajrekeb(


31

pad kanA .)nial gnaro nagnitnepek nataigek padahret tanimreb ta -

kutnu aynnanigniek tauk habmatreb nad ,aynayabes namet nataigek

( kopmolek atoggna idajnem amiretid gnag kadit asarem aid ,)

takreB .aynkopmolek malad amiretid kadit alibapa gnanes

id nakiauseynem tapad kana ,laisos nagnabmekrep nagned aynir

takaraysam nagnukgnil nagned nupuam ayabes namet kopmolek

.aynratikes

.d isome nagnabmekreP

araces isome napakgnugnep awhab iradaynem ialum kanA

ialum aid ,uti anerak helO .takaraysam id amiretid halkadit rasak

em nad nakiladnegnem kutnu rajaleb .aynisome iserpske lortnogn

naurinep iulalem kana helorepid isome lortnognem naupmameK

naupmamek ,naurinep sesorp malaD .)naasaibmep( nahital nad

.huragnepreb haltagnas aynisome nakiladnegnem malad autgnaro

raulek nagnukgnil malad nakgnabmekid kana alibapA gnay ag

kana isome nagnabmekrep akam ,libats aynlanoisome anasaus

malad autgnaro naasaibek alibapa ,ipatet nakA .libats gnurednec

lortnok gnaruk nad libats gnaruk aynisome nakiserpskegnem

s( e hadum ,fiserga pakis nagned naharamek naksaipmalem ,itrep

ulegnem akam ,)halasam ipadahgnem malad simisep uata awecek ,h

isomE .libats gnaruk gnurednec kana isome nagnabmekrep - isome

aisu nagnabmekrep pahat adap kana imalaid mumu araces gnay


41

,gnayas hisak ,irah iri ,urubmec ,tukat ,haram halada ini halokes

uhat nigni asar naaribmegek nad .

.e larom nagnabmekreP

natutnut itukignem tapad hadus kana ,rasad halokes aisu adaP

kana ,ini aisu rihka adaP .aynlaisos nagnukgnil uata autgnaro irad

.narutarep utaus irasadnem gnay nasala imahamem tapad hadus

tapad hadus kana ,uti gnipmasiD kutneb paites nakisaisosagnem

raneb pesnok nagned ukalirep - kiab uata halas - aid ,aynlasiM .kurub

nad ,atsudreb ,lakan nataubrep awhab ialinem uata gnadnamem

uata halas gnay utaus nakapurem autgnaro adapek tamroh kadit

ida ,rujuj nataubrep ,nakgnadeS .kurub adapek tamroh pakis nad ,l

nad autgnaro uata raneb gnay utaus nakapurem urug .kiab

.f naamagaeK natayahgneP nagnabmekreP

iric nagned iadnatid ini asam adap nagnabmekeP - pakis :iric

nagnadnap ;naitregnep nagned iatresid fitpeser tafisreb naamagaek

tek mahap nad nakrasadreb lanoisar araces aynhelorepid nanahu

hadiak - depreb gnay akigol hadiak kidni adap namo mala rota

nagnugaek irad isatsafinam iagabes atsemes - natayahgnep ;ayN

lautir nataigek naanaskalep ,maladnem nikames hainahor araces

nasurahek iagabes aynamiretid .larom

.g kirotoM nagnabmekreP

nagnabmekrep nagned gnirieS kajnareb gnay aynkisif

,gnatam isanidrookret hadus kana kirotom nagnabmekrep akam


51

nahutubek nagned sarales hadus aynnakareg paiteS .kiab nagned

.ayntanim uata M kareg nahibelek nagned iadnatid ini asa uata

nakapurem ini aisu ,uti anerak helO .hacnil gnay kirotom sativitka

nagned natiakreb gnay nalipmaretek rajaleb kutnu laedi asam

,kitegnem ,sikulem ,rabmaggnem ,silunem itrepes ,ini kirotom

.kitelta nad ,alob niam ,gnanereb

em ,)1991( kcolruH n nakakumeg rihka iric aparebeb kanak asam -

kanak :utiay ,

.a kanak asaM - ini asam adaP .naktiluynem gnay asam halada kanak

kaynab hibel nad hatnirep iturunem igal uam kadit kana

namet helo ihuragnepid - nad autgnaro helo adapirad ayabes namet

.nial agraulek atoggna

.b it aisU kadit gnurednec kana anam id asam utauS .hipar kad

aynramak nad ,nalipmanep malad hoborec nad nakiludepmem

ianegnem tatek gnay agraulek ada nupilakeS .nakatnareb tagnas

gnarab natawarep nad nahiparek - ajas aparebeb aynah ,ayngnarab

ualak ilaucek ,taat gnay nad aynnakukalem naksurahgnem autgnaro

.namukuh nagned macnagnem

.c aisU id asam utauS .rakgnetreb narakgnetrep idajret kaynab anam

ratna igab nakgnaneynem kadit gnay hamur anasaus nad agraulek

.agraulek atoggna aumes

.d id kana ini aisu adaP .rasad halokes aisU rasad nakparah - rasad

nalisahrebek kutnu gnitnep paggnaid gnay nauhategnep


61

irajalepmem nad ;asawed napudihek adap irid naiauseynep

nalipmaretek kiab ,utnetret gnitnep nalipmaretek iagabreb

relukiruk artske nupuam relukiruk

.e anam id asam utauS .sitirk edoireP naasaibek kutnebmem kana

ilakeS .seskus tagnas uata ,seskus kadit ,seskus iapacnem kutnu

iauses uata sata id ,hawab id ajrekeb kutnu naasaibek ,kutnebret

.asawed iapmas patenem gnurednec naupmamek nagned

.f matu naitahrep anam id asam utauS .kopmolekreb aisU kana a

namet helo amiretid nanigniek adap ujutret - iagabes ayabes namet

malad isgnegreb gnay kopmolek amaturet ,kopmolek atoggna

namet nagnadnap - .aynnamet

.g radnats nagned nakiauseynem nigni kanA .irid naiauseynep aisU

alipmanep malad kopmolek iujutesid gnay nad ,aracibreb ,n

.ukalirepreb

.h naka anam id napudihek gnatner malad asam utauS .fitaerk aisU

kana hakapa nakutnetid - atpicnep uata simrofnok idajnem kana

.lanisiro nad urab gnay ayrak

.i nad tanim aynsaul anerak niamreb aisu tubesiD .niamreb aisU

reb nataigek kutnu utkaw aynkaynab anerak nakub nad niam

.niamreb


71

.3 k asam nagnabmekrep saguT kana - kanak

halokes asam adap nagnabmekreP saguT 6( - fusuY turunem )21

bes halada )8002( a :tukireb iag

.a nakukalem kutnu kisif nalipmaretek helorepmem rajaleB

p iulaleM .naniamrep nad rajaleb kana ,kato nad kisif nahubmutre

eb ames iralr halokes asam adaP .tapec nad patnam nikam ,libats nik

hadus aggnihes ,toto naasaugnep farat adap iapmas hadus kana

naniamrep nad igap manes nakukalem ,sirabreb tapad - naniamrep

ob kapes itrepes ,nagnir .ayniagabes nad ,gnanereb ,ilat tacnol ,al

.b iridnes aynirid padahret tahes gnay pakis kutnebmem rajaleB

.sigoloib kulhkam iagabes

kutnu naasaibek nakgnabmegnem :halai ini sagut takikaH

nad ,irid natamalesek ,nahisrebek itupilem ,nadab arahilemem

natahesek sinej padahret fitisop pakis nakgnabmegnem ;

aynhajaw apur kiab aynirid amirenem aguj nad aynnimalek

.fitisop araces aynhubut rutsop nupuam

.c namet nagned luagreb rajaleB - .ayabes namet

isautis nad nagnukgnil nagned irid nakiauseynem rajaleb inkaY

tres urab namet a - uata halokes id kana naluagreP .aynayabes namet

um aynayabes namet gnanes naasarep ianrawid nikgn araces anerak

ianrawid aguj nikgnum ipatet ,kiab idubreb uti aynnamet nalutebek

akus aynnaniamrepes namet anerak gnanes kadit naasarep helo

uggnaggnem .lakan uata


81

.d .aynnimalek sinej nagned iauses nanarep nakniamem rajaleB

nimalek sinej naadebrep ,halokes kusam hadus kana alibapA

kapmat naka aynamapmu naniamrep iges iraD .kapmat nikames

ikal kana awhab - naupmerep kana nakhelobrepmem naka kadit ikal

ukignem ikal sahk gnay naniamrep it - ,gnerelek niam itrepes ,ikal

gnayal nad ,alob niam - .gnayal

.e nad ,silunem ,acabmem malad rasad nalipmaretek rajaleB

.gnutihreb

.f irahes pesnok nakgnabmegnem rajaleB - .irah

,pacegnem ,ragnednem ,utauses tahilem halet atik alibapA

nem .atik adap natagni utaus hallaggnit ,imalagnem nad ,muic

.pesnok tubesid uti ulal halet gnay natamagnep ianegnem natagnI

iaynupmem atik halnaikimeD pesnok ,hamur ,ubi ,haya gnatnet

kareg ianegnem aguj nad ,halokes ,ukub ,naiakap - gnay kireg

repes ,nakukalid .silunem nad ,gnanereb ,nalajreb ,aracibreb it

naarahadnebrep habmanem naka namalagnep aynhabmatreB

nikames ,nauhategnep habmatreb nikameS .kana adap pesnok

pesnoK .helorepid gnay pesnok alup habmatreb - uti pesnok

hadiak itupilem - m( amaga naraja uata hadiak umli ,)laro

tada ,nauhategnep - .ayniagabes nad ,tadaitsi

.g .itah atak nakgnabmegneM

gnay naasarep nad pakis nakgnabmegnem halada ini sagut takikaH

amron nagned nagnubuhreb - tukgnaynem ini laH .amaga amron


91

a narutarep padahret naagrahgnep nad naamirenep nagned amag

uata nakukalem kutnu gnanes naasarep nagned iatresid )larom(

nagnubuhreb ini nagnabmekrep saguT .aynnakukalem kadit

raneb halasam nagned - helob ,halas - uti rujuj itrepes ,helob kadit

.ayniagabes nad ,kurub uti gnohob ,kiab

.h y nasabebek helorepmem rajaleB .idabirp pakisreb gna

iridreb gnay gnaro idajnem tapad kutnu halada ini sagut takikaH

asam kutnu taubreb ,anacner taubmem tapad itra malad ,iridnes

gnaro huragnep irad sabeb gnatad naka gnay asam nad gnarakes

.nial gnaro nad aut

.i p gnay pakis nakgnabmegneM nad laisos kopmolek padahret fitiso

agabmel - .agabmel

gnay laisos pakis nakgnabmegnem halai ini sagut takikaH

.nial gnaro kah iagrahgnem nad sitarkomed itrepes ,

gnolot pakis nakgnabmegnem - uam ,asar gnaggnet pakis ,gnolonem

ot ,nial gnaro nagned amasajrekeb gnaro tapadnep padahret isnarel

.nial gnaro kah iagrahgnem nad nial

kanak asam nagnabmekrep saguT - 6 aisu kanak - turunem nuhat 21

( tsruhgivaH malad :halai ,)04 :1991 ,kcolruH

.a kana naniamrep kutnu nakulrepid gnay kisif napakacek rajaleB -

kana .

.b gnabmeM iridnes irid padahret huruleynem pakis nu iagabes

emsinagro nay hubmutreb .


02

.c ayabes namet nagned luagreb rajaleB .

.d iauses gnay atinaw nad airp narep nakniamem rajaleB .

.e ad napakacek nakgnabmegneM nad ,silunem ,acabmem malad ras

m gnutihgne .

.f esnok nakgnabmegneM irahes kutnu nakulrepid gnay p - irah .

.g ialin alaks utaus nad ,satilarom ,inarun nakgnabmegneM .

.h idabirp nairidnamek iapacneM .

.i t pakis kutnebmeM sos agabmel nad kopmolek padahre lai .

( snilloC turunem nagnabmekrep saguT itayahruN malad 8002 15: )

:halai

.a isif kepsA utiay ,toto isanidrook nad nataukek naktakgninem :k

.kisif sagut nad sativitka aparebeb naupmamek naktakgninem

.b reb tirknok lanoisarepo farat adap :isingok kepsA adap sukof

,”ini taas“ naidajek ,urab nalipmaretek nad nauhategnep habmanem

asarep nakgnabmegnem ( upmam na ycaciffe fles ).

.c nagned tapet gnay isaler kutneb iapacnem )1( :laisos kepsA

irid agrah naknahatrepmem )2( ;nagnukgnil nad ,namet ,agraulek

natutnut aratna nakimorpmokgnem upmam )3( ;iapacid hadus gnay

;satimrofnok natutnut nagned aynsatilaudividni iapacnem )4( nad

.taukeda uata iadamem gnay irid satitnedi

naktubeynem )5002( otnaiduS rukA nad nashiruN ,uti aratnemeS

S awsis awhab haloke D rasa surah gnay nagnabmekrep sagut ikilimem

:tukireb iagabes halada uti nagnabmekrep saguT .aynihunepid


12

.a nakmananeM namireb pakis nad naasaibek nakgnabmegnem nad

.asE ahaM gnaY nahuT adapek awqatreb nad

.b nad ,silunem ,acabmem rasad nalipmaretek nakgnabmegneM

.gnutihreb

.c pesnok nakgnabmegneM - napudihek malad ulrep gnay pesnok

irahes - .irah

.d nagned ajrekeb nad luagreb rajaleB .ayabes kopmolek

.e iridnam gnay idabirp idajnem rajaleB .

.f ,nakulrepid gnay anahredes gnay kisif nalipmaretek irajalepmeM

.napudihek nupuam naniamrep kutnu kiab

.g ialin nad larom ,itah atak nakgnabmegneM - namodep iagabes ialin

.ukalirep

.h utnu ,tahes pudih anibmeM .nagnukgnil nad iridnes irid k

.i .aynnimalek sinej nagned iauses laicos narep naknalajnem rajaleB

.j agabmel nad kopmolek padahret pakis nakgnabmegneM - mel agab

sos .lai

.k nakanacnerem kutnu lawa pakis nad namahamep nakgnabmegneM

.naped asam


22

.B yaS hisaK nahutubeK gna

.1 nahutubeK

.a nahutubek naitregneP

gnay nahutubek iagabreb ikilimem asaitnanes aisunam paiteS

mumu araceS .aynpudih nagnusgnalek kutnu ihunepid surah

anerak lubmit gnay utauses iagabes nakitraid tapad nahutubek

nagnarukek )wolsaM(

.b mumu araces nahutubeK

eK ( rasad nahutubek utiay aud ada aisunam nahutub cisab

sdeen nahutubek halada rasad nahutubeK .nahutubek atem nad )

asar ,gnayas hisak ,rapal :aynlasim nagnarukek anerak lubmit gnay

kutnu nahutubek halada nahutubek ateM .irid agrah nad ,nama

asim nahubmutrep ,narutaretek ,nahadniek ,nakiabek ,nalidaek :aynl

.nautasek nad atik rasad nahutubek awhab nakataynem wolsaM

hibel gnay nahutubek mulebes uluhad hibelret ihunepid surah

nususid nahutubek isavitoM .ihunepid nad lucnum tapad iggnit

aM helo s h haubes malad wol nahutubek :utiay ,gnajnej uata ikrari

nad iatnicid kutnu nahutubek ,nama asar naka nahutubek ,sigoloisif

kutnu nahutubek nad ,iagrahid kutnu nahutubek ,ikilimid

.irid nakisasilautkagnem

icnirem ,)342 :4002 losiwlA malad( wolsaM tujnal hibeL

sunam nahutubek utiay ,5 idajnem ai :


32

)1 ,nakam naka nahutubek utiay ,sigoloisif nahutubeK

taharitsi nahutubek atres ,nietorp ,marag ,alug ,munim

.skes nad

)2 ,satilibats naka nahutubek utiay ,nanamaek nahutubeK

nasabebek ,satab ,narutaretek ,mukuh rutkurts ,isketorp

asar irad .samec nad tukat

)3 naka nahutubek utiay ,iatnicid nad ikilimid nahutubeK

nahutubeK .natakiretek nad namitniek ,gnayas hisak

nagnorod :malad dujuwret ikilimid nad iatnicid kutnu

nad nagnasap ikilimem nanigniek ,tabahasreb kutnu

kutnu nahutubek nad ,nanurutek haubes adap takelem

.asgnabreb uata aggnatetreb nagnukgnil ,agraulek

)4 a :utiay ,irid agrah nahutubeK :iridnes irid iagrahgnem )

,isatserp ,isnetepmok ,naasaugnep ,nataukek nahutubek

id naayacrepek b .nasabebek nad nairidnamek ,ir )

ro irad naagrahgnep tapadnem nahutubek :nial gna

,naranetek ,sutats ,nial gnaro irad naagrahgnep ,esitserp

amiretid ,natamrohek ,gnitnep gnaro idajnem ,isanimod

.isaiserpa nad

)5 inkay ,irid isasilautka nahutubeK :ateM nahutubeK

aynirid nagned nasaupek helorepmem kutnu nanigniek

iridnes kutnu ,aynirid isnetop aumes iradaynem kutnu ,

kutnu nad ,nakukal tapad aid gnay ajas apa idajnem


42

isatserp kacnup iapacnem sabeb nad fitaerk idajnem

.aynisnetop

nahutubek ,)6002( ettolrahC ailuY yzuS nad initsaytniR turuneM

:itupilem mumu araces aisunam

)1 eK gnadnas ,)nakam( nagnap itupilem ,kisiF /inamsaJ nahutub

.)laggnit tapmet( napap ,)naiakap(

)2 narikimep ,kato nasadrecek itupilem ,lautkeletnI nahutubeK

.simedaka naupmamek atres ,sigol narikimep ,lanoisar

)3 rid amirenem naupmamek itupilem ,lanoisomE nahutubeK ,i

.naseskusek nad ,nasabebek ,nama asar ,gnayas hisak

)4 sutats ,naitahrep nad naamirenep itupilem ,laisoS nahutubeK

atres ,amasajrek nad naigab libma ,naagrahgnep nad

.atnic nad natabahasrep

)5 ,nahuT atnic itupilem ,)lautiripS( inahoR nahutubeK

,natamaleynep atic - .kataw nad atic

.c nahutubeK - kana nahutubek

awhab nakakumegnem ,)88 :2102 anairotciV malad( rehpiP

nad ,isuksid ,gnayas hisak ,naitahrep ,utkaw nakhutubmem kana

kutnu nama asarem akerem anamid nagnudnilep tapmet

hek malad nakhutubid gnay apa irajalepmem .napudi ( tsorD 8991 :

96 :utiay kana nahutubek aparebeb naktubeynem ,)


52

)1 .iatnicid nad iatnicneM

pek akubret surah aut gnaro itrareb inI kutnu aynkana ada

,aynilanegnem atres kana adapek naitahrep nakirebmem

.kana adapek saget pakisreb

)2 lreP .nasarek nad nama asarem aggnih nagnudni

anasaus nakatpicnem ,nial amas utas naayacrepek nugnabmeM

tuki kana adapek natapmesek nakirebmem gnay naakubretek

nad nalagagek aguj numan ,nalisahrebek ,naaigahabek igabreb

.agraulek irad nanitahirpek

)3 ka nahutubeK .nagnibmib na

naupmamek nad takab amirenem surah aut gnaro itrareb inI

nagned numan ,saget surah nagnibmiB .kana adap ada gnay

.naitregnep nad rabas

)4 .iukaid kutnu nahutubeK

.kana gnaroes idabirp iagrahgnem surah aut gnaro ,aynitrA

kanA .kepser hunep itakedid nohomem nad kahreb

)5 .nilpisid naka nahutubeK

nagned iauseS .nakasawedid surah gnay aisunam halada kanA

halada ai awhab nakasaibid nad irajaid ulrep kana ,aynrumu

greb rajaleb surah ai uti anerak helo laisos kulhkam nagned lua

satab ada itrareb naluagrep awhab rajaleb surah aI .nial gnaro -

aynukalirep adap satab .


62

kanA ainuD imahameM aynukub malad )0991( omonruP - kana

:utiay ,kana nahutubek aparebeb naktubeynem aguj

)1 haidah nakirebmem inkay ,itrepes atnic naka nahutubeK apureb

atak uata namuic ,naialeb ,iretam - tafisreb gnay atak

nahutubek atres nakgnaneynem nad iagrahgnem - nahutubek

.aynnial kisif

)2 naijup nakirebmem inkay ,aynnalisahrebek naka naukagneP

aynnalisahrebek naka

)3 gnaro nad hamur id nama asar inkay ,namA asaR - aro id gn

ayngnililekes

)4 ipadahgnem kutnu tagnames nakirebmem inkay ,nagnoroD

isautis - halasam uata isautis

)5 imahamem nad iridnam rajaleb kutnu nautnab inkay ,iridnaM

.nakukalid surah gnay apa

)6 asarem ulales kutnu kana nahutubek inkay ,naupmameK

eb kana raga upmam nad utauses taubreb ahasureb patet ahasur

.naknigniid gnay apa iapacnem

)7 inkay ,namalagnep nad natapmesek naktapadnem nahutubeK

nad naupmamek nakkujnunem kutnu natapmesek

.namalagnepreb

)8 namet inkay ,kitapmis gnay niamreb nameT - uam gnay namet

aadaek itregnem utnabmem uam nad ,amirenem uam ,aynirid n

.natilusek malad aid alib


72

)9 kanA - kutnu tapmet inkay ,tapmet nakhutubmem kana

gnaro igab gnay ,ayniagrahid gnay kilim gnarab napmiynem

.agrahreb kadit paggnaid nial

)01 tauses ikilimem kutnu nahutubek inkay ,ikilimem asaR .u

)11 taas nahutubek inkay ,sabeb gnay utkaW - helob gnay sabeb taas

.aynakuses nakanugrepid

)21 iauses gnay bawaj gnuggnat nahutubek inkay ,bawaj gnuggnaT

iakus aid gnay utauses ajrekeb aynlasim aynaisu takgnit nagned

.anugreb nad

.2 hisaK gnayaS

.a s hisak naitregneP gnaya

hisak )IBBK( aisenodnI asahaB raseB sumaK turuneM

miT( adapek atnic itrareb gnayas nakgnades ,irebmem itrareb

hisak duskamid gnay tirknok araceS .)0991 ,IBBK nusuyneP

.kana gnaroes adapek gnayas uata atnic naasarep halada gnayas

tsorD ,uti aratnemeS gnayas hisak awhab nakakumegnem )8991(

nakpakgnuid gnay utauses uata sitiroet gnay utauses nakub

atak iakamem - adapek gnayas idajnem urab gnayas hisaK .atak

halada gnayaS .ukalirep malad nakataynid akitek kana

.hisak nahatnawajegnep K gnayas hisa misid tapad iagabes naklup

iskefa uata kiratret naasarep aut gnaro gnaroeses padahret )kana( ,

.lauskes tafisreb surah ulrep kadit gnay


82

.b kepsA - kepsa gnayas hisak

:utiay ,gnayas hisak kepsa tapme ada )2002( mmorF turuneM

)1 ( naitahreP erac )

itahrep halada gnayas hisaK atres napudihek padahret fitka na

atik taas adaP .iatnic atik gnay gnaroeses irad nagnabmekrep

nad tubesret gnaro nagned iludep atik ,nial gnaro iatnicnem

paggnaid gnayas hisaK .aynagajnem kutnu nanigniek ikilimem

d fitka naitahrep ada kadit akij ada kadit imed ahasureb na

.iatnicid gnay utauses

)2 ( bawaj gnuggnaT )ytilibisnopser

nahutubek sata nopser halada duskamid gnay bawaj gnuggnaT -

gnay nupuam nakpakgnuret gnay kiab ,aisunam nahutubek

gnuggnat malad gnitnep gnay rotkaF .nakpakgnuret kadit

awaj atik akiteK .nopserem pais nad upmam naasarep halada b

nad nanigniek ikilimem atik ,nial gnaro ignayaynem

nahutubek padahret napaggnat nakirebmem kutnu naupmamek

hadum nagned asib bawaj gnuggnaT .aynsikisp nad kisif

nakilimepek nad isanimod idajnem habureb iatresid kadit akij

naagrahgnep utiay gnayas hisak irad agitek nenopmok

( tcepser .)

.3 ( naagrahgneP tcepser )

itamrohgnem naka atik akam ,nial gnaro iatnicnem atik akiJ

alages iradaynem nagned aynada anamiagabes akerem


92

besret gnaro irid malad ada gnay nakinuek aguj naagrahgneP .tu

gnabmekreb nad hubmut raga nial gnaro nakitahrepmem itrareb

.iridnes aynirid nagned iauses

.4 k( namahameP egdelwon )

imahamem naka atik akam ,nial gnaro iatnicnem atik akiJ

gnadnap tudus iulalem tahilem ahasureb nagned nial gnaro

ret gnaro naka kadit bawaj gnuggnat nad naitahreP .tubes

,nauhategnep uata namahamep helo itukiid kadit akij ankamreb

ada kadit akij ankamreb naka kadit aguj namahamep aratnemes

.naitahrep

adapek gnayas awhab nakpakgnugnem tsorD ,uti aratnemeS

r ialinreb halada kana kepsA .)97 :8991 ,tsorD( naarsemek asa

barka gnay nagnubuh ikilimem nagned iadnatid ini naarsemek

,nagnubuh paites malad natagnahek nakasarem ,nial gnaro nagned

nad ,nial gnaro nagned naasarep igabreb kutnu nanigniek

nahutnes helorepmem - gnay kisif nahutnes nad martnet taubmem

kana igab ukgnapid /muicid( ,nakupet ,nakulep :itrepes ,namayn -

iyab adapek gnayas nakpakgnugnem araC )licek hisam gnay kana

,gnamitid nagned aynlasim rasad halokes aisu nagned iapmas

,gnodnegid .muicid ,ukgnapid


03

.c ebmem autgnaro araC kana adapek gnayas hisak nakir

aynkana adapek aut gnaro helo nakirebid tapad gnayas hisaK

8991 ,tsorD malad( relliM .arac macam iagabreb nagned 18 : ,)

kutnu aut gnaro arac macam aparebeb naktubeynem

:utiay ,kana adapek gnayas hisak nakpakgnugnem

)1 nes iulaleM ,nakulep ,namuic :itrepes kisif araces nahut

kadnup kupenem ,namuynes .

)2 nakaideynem ,naparas nakpaisrepmem ,tikas utkaw tawareM

.hisreb naiakap

)3 aodreb ,amasreb awatret ,amasreb ajrekeb ,amasreb iynaynreB

masreb a.

)4 ahret ignudnilem ,tahisan ,tagnames irebmeM .ayahab pad

)5 idub nagned ragnednem ,kana nataigek adapek tanim huraneM

akubret .

)6 ,ijumem ,namuynes irebmeM irebmem nad rajagnem nad

.kiab gnay nadalet

)7 tukat asar nakgnalihgnem ,halas gnay naukalek ikiabrepmeM .

)8 nem apnat gnibmibmem ,agirucnem apnat isawagneM ,rutag

nahusumrep apnat nilpisid .

43 :0991( omonruP - hisak nakirebmem arac naksalejnem ,)53

kana adapek gnayas - :utiay kana


13

)1 nasuru adap tanim naktahilrepmeM - kadit numan ,aynnasuru

nagned kana atirec nakragnedneM .aynnasuru irupmacnem

.itapmis hunep

)2 u nauameK halasam nakragnednem kutn - kana alib aynhalasam

kutnu pukuc gnay utkaw nakirebmeM .aynnakisuksidnem nigni

nad iatnicid asarem kana nakidajnem ,nakragnednem

.aynirid adap nama asar nakhubmunem

)3 kutnu utauses nakanacnereM .aigahab kana taubmem abocneM

kirebmem kana aggnihes kana adapek naaigahabek na

namalagnep iaynupmem - .nakgnaneynem gnay namaagnep

)4 ,nakididnep nakirebmeM .nagnutnuek nakirebmem nauameK

kana gnolonem naka gnay naayadubek nad ,laisos nagnukgnil

.aynpudih malad naseskusek iapacnem kutnu

i aratnemeS fayS ,ut tapme ada nakakumegnem )2002( ie arac

gnaro iagabes ,aynkana adapek gnayas hisak nakirebmem aut

:tukireb

)1 gnarO kadit ,rajaw araces gnayas hisak nakirebmem aut

adagnem kadit nad nahibelreb - .ada

)2 kiab aynkadneh kana adapek nakirebid gnay gnayas hisaK tafis

kana idabirp nakidajnem :helob kadit aynkutneb nupuam

nad iridnam kadit kana nakidajnem ;salam nad ajnam idajnem

naklubminem ;nial gnaro adapek gnutnagreb ulales atres fitaerk

gnay kana nagned utas gnay kana aratna id naurubmecek asar


23

kadit ;nial nad asawed gnay idabirp iagabes kana kutnebmem

.bawaj gnuggnat asar ikilimem

)3 nakidajid tapad kana adapek nakirebid gnay gnayas hisaK

ikilimem surah gnay udividni naidabirpek kutnebmep iagabes

.autgnaro anamiagabes gnayas hisak

)4 nakpaisrepmem nad ilakebmeM idabirp - isareneg idabirp

.naped asam nipmimep nolac nad asgnab surenep

.d autgnaro gnayas hisak ayngnaruk irad kapmaD

kanA - hisak imalagnem gnaruk inid aisu adap gnay kana

,kisif nagnabmekrep malad natabmah imalagnem naka gnayas

laisos nad ,lanoisome ,latnem .)1991 kcolruH( tujnal hibeL

kcolruH nakpakgnugnem hisak naratnalretek irad kapmad mane

:utiay ,gnayas amatreP nad nahubmutrep natabmalretek aynada ,

,nauselek nakbabeynem atres lamron gnay nagnabmekrep

m pakis ,nakam areles nagnalihek ,maidnep ,nasurukek ,hodob asa

.kitamosokisp tikaynep nad audeK idajnem tapad akerem ,

namet nagned nakgnidnabid luagreb malad kukik nad gnuggnac

.ayabes agiteK .pagag aynlasim ,aracib nauggnag aynada ,

tapmeeK ,lautkeletni nagnabmekrep natabmalretek aynada ,

nok kutnu natilusek .hilareb hadum aynnaitahrep nad isartnes

amileK ,nial gnaro nagned luagreb malad natabmah aynada ,

rakus ,nial gnaro natakednep padahret fitagen araces iskaereb


33

kadit asarem ,ihusumem pakisreb hadum ,amas ajrek kajaid ,iadnap

ugnem malad fiserga ukalirepreb kadit nad nalasekek nakpakgn

.hutap maneeK hibel gnurednec gnayas hisak narapalek gnay kana ,

nakitahrepmem gnaruk ,iridnes irid adapek naitahrep nakharagnem

.tutnunem akus nad ,nial gnaro

iskefa nagnarukek awhab nakakumegnem ,)1102( rahsaM

iyab asam adap ayahab naklubminem tapad kana nad

:utiay nagnabmekrep amatrep .tabmalret gnay kisif nagnabmekrep ,

audeK .aracib nauggnag imalagnem , agiteK nad isartnesnok tilus ,

.hilaret hadum naitahrep tapmeeK anamiagab irajalepmem tilus ,

aro nagned kiab nagnubuh anibmem .nial gn amileK hibel kapmat ,

.nial gnaro padahret tanim ayngnaruk ,lakan nad fiserga maneeK ,

.awij nauggnag nakbabeynem tapad tareb gnay farat adap

ikilimem naka gnayas hisak gnaruk gnay kana ,osranuG turuneM

tafis - :nial aratna ,tafis

.a aka nikay kadiT kadit anerak irid hadner asarem ,iridnes irid n

hisak tapadnem kadit igal habmatid ,autgnaro iaynupmem

.pudih hisam gnay autgnaro irad gnayas

.b amirenem tapad kadit nikames kana ,rumu habmatreb nikameS

aynagraulek irad radnihgnem naka nikgnum nad aynagraulek .

.c autgnaro irad gnayas hisak gnaruk licek hisam kajes gnay kanA

,ukal hakgnit nahaburep imalagnem kana nakbabeynem naka


43

katnok nakadagnem kadit nad lanoisome nopser ayngnaruk

.lanoisome

tsieF malad( wolzaM 8002 : 742 ,) nakakumenem nahutubek

d iatnicid kutnu :utiay ,irogetak agit malad ikilimid na amatreP ,

fitaler hadus aynikilimid nad atnic nahutubek gnay gnaroeses

kanak kajes ihunepret - kalonem taas kinap asarem naka kadit kanak

aynirid awhab raseb nanikayek ikilimem aid ,aynkilabeS .atnic

helo amiretid naka gnaro - igab gnitnep gnamem gnay gnaro

naka kadit aid ,aynirid kalonem nial gnaro akitek idaj ,akerem

.rucnah asarem audeK nakasarem hanrep kadit gnay akerem ,

uata gnaraj nikgnum akerem ,ikilimid nad iatnicid namalagnep

gnamitid ,kulepid hanrep kadit - gnamit napakgnu imalagnem uata

atnic nakirebmem puggnas kadit uti anerak ,nial gnaro irad atnic

.nial gnaro adapek agiteK gnaro , - ajas tikides amirenem gnay gnaro

irad asar atic amirenem aynah aneraK .ikilimid nad iatnicid asar

rem ,ikilimid nad iatnicid naasarep kutnu tauk isavitomret naka ake

ajas tikides amirenem gnay aisunam ,nial atak nagneD .ayniracnem

kutnu raseb tagnas gnay nahutubek ikilimem iatnicid isrop

isrop amirenem gnay akerem gnabmitek amiretid nad ignayasid

em uata ,tahes gnay ikilimid nad iatnicid hanrep kadit gnay aker

.ilakes amas aynamirenem

kana helo imalaid gnay gnayas hisak naratnalreteK

isidnoK .isidnok kaynab helo ihuragnepid - nial aratna uti isidnok


53

uata utas halas naitamek ,nahusa itnap id nakpititid kana :halai

ro nakalonep ,autgnaro audek gnay naukalrep ,nakiabaid ,autgna

kadit autgnaro anerak autgnaro padahret kana nakalonep nad ,halas

taafnaM .)1991 ,kcolruH( akerem nahutubek ihunemem

:halai nial aratna kana igab gnayas hisak nahunemep

)1 )kcolruH( barka hibel gnay laisos nagnubuh utnabmeM

)2 tahes gnay naidabirpek nagnabmekrep rasad nakkateleM

)wolsaM(

)3 )52 :0991 ,omonruP( nama asar ikilimem kana taubmeM gnay

nad L nawaiteS( gnanet nagned pudih kutnu rasad idajnem

.)1002 ,illepuS sabA

,ualpeP nad ,namdeerF ,sraeS malad( trennilK nad revahS

91 amatu isgnuf iayupmem gnayas hisak awhab naktubeynem ,)58

nakirebmem nad nama asar helorepmem utiay udividni igab

kadit nad tukat asarem udividni akiJ .nagnukgnil gnatnet isamrofni

akerem akam ,urab isautis padahret iskaereb anamiagab itsap uhat

kparahgnem iaynupmem gnay kanA .aynihisakid gnay gnaro na

tapad gnay sativitka iagabreb nakukalem naka nama asar

nagneD .aynsikisp nad kisif nagnabmekrep aynujal habmanem

hakgnalem naka kana akam aynnagnukgnil irad nama asar aynada

aR .irid ayacrep asar nagned raulek alib lucnum naka naka nama as

gnaro nagned nakgnaneynem gnay nagnubuh idajret - gnay gnaro

.aynnagned taked


63

naklupmisid tapad akam sata id nasalejnep iagabreb iraD

uata kiratret naasarep utaus halada gnayas hisak uata atnic awhab

a padahret aut gnaro iskefa rusnU .kan - gnayas hisak rusnu

naro .nial amas utas natiakreb pakgnugnem tapad aut g hisak nak

kepsa nupadA .arac iagabreb iulalem kana adapek gnayas - kepsa

nad ,namahamep ,naagrahgnep ,bawaj gnuggnat ,naitahrep :utiay

.naarsemek

.C aut gnarO naitregneP

.1 tregneP nai

haya“ halada aut gnaro 0991 IBBK turunem aut gnaro naitregneP

irad ,”itamrohid gnay gnaro ,aut paggnaid gnay gnaro ,gnudnak ubi

gnaro naitregnep awhab nalupmisek libmaid tapad tubesret naitregnep

kana irad ubi nad haya halada ini naitilenep malad aut uti kana akij(

bawajgnuggnatreb gnay nial gnaro uata )ubi nad haya amasreb laggnit

akij uata husa aut gnaro uata awsis ilaw ,tubesret kana nakididnep sata

iagabes nakitraid tapad aut gnarO .ilaw amasreb laggnit tubesret kana

haya - em kana kididnem gnay ,ubi taafnamreb gnay aisunam idajn

.takaraysam nad agraulek malad

.2 aut gnarO isgnuF

id gnaroeses naidabirpek kutnebmem malad id narepreb agrauleK

lah malad agraulek saguT .aynnamalagnep nad ukal hakgnit aynmalad


73

kana padahret aut gnaro ini - kreV turunem aynkana malad( ylyu

idamhA 9002 ) :halai

.a kana iretam naulrepek surugneM - kana

rebmem surah aut gnaro anam id amatrep sagut nakapurem inI

kana adapek naiakap nad nagnudnilrep tapmet ,nakam - kanA .kana -

anerak aynaut gnaro adapek gnutnagret hisam aynhunepes kana

a .iridnes aynnahutubek ipukucnem asib muleb kan

.b “ anasaus nakatpicneM emoh kana igab ” - kana

“ emoH uti agraulek nagnukgnil malad id awhab itrareb inis id ”

hisak ,naarsemek nakasarem ,rubus nagned gnabmekreb tapad kana

lret ,nama asarem ,nahamathamarek ,gnayas nial nad ignudni - .nial

ulales nad naipesek hanrep kadit ,martnet asarem kana halhamur id

.aribmeg

.c nakididnep saguT

aut gnaro irad gnitnepret sagut nakapurem kididnem saguT

kana padahret - yukreV turunem inis id nakididnep naujuT .aynkana

ajagnem halada gnaro hitalem nad r - akerem aggnihes adum gnaro

,aisunam amases ,nahuT padahret akerem sagut ihunemem tapad

.akerem gnililekes nad

malad( nrubgO ,uti aratnemeS idamhA 9002 ) igabmem gnay

:utiay 7 idajnem agraulek isgnuf ,lanoitacudE ,cimonocE ,lanoitceffA

P suoigileR ,sutats ylimaF ,lanoitaerceR ,evitcetor igabmem nrubgO .


83

id aguj ipatet agraulek malad id aynah nakub ,saul hibel agraulek

.takaraysam malad

sata id naiaru nakrasadreB awhab naklupmisid tapad akam ,

sgnuf iaynupmem aut gnaro ini lah malad agraulek :iagabes i

,kana sikisp nad kisif naarahilemep atres nahutubek nahunemep

isgnuf uata saguT .suoigiler napudihek naarahilemep ,kana kididnep

aguj ipatet iridnes uti agraulek malad id aynah nakub agraulek

.takaraysam malad id isgnuf ikilimem

.D nahusA itnaP

.1 P naitregne

( robaN ropsoG malad moc.topsgolb.ulukgnebirtniwe//:ptth )

nakisinifednem nahusa itnaP iagabes anayalep agabmel utaus sos n lai

naujutreb gnay takaraysam nupuam hatniremep helo nakiridid gnay

utnu ,udividni padahret nautnab nakirebmem uata utnabmem k

malad takaraysam kopmolek .pudih nahutubek ihunemem ayapu

4:4002 IR sospeD malad( moc.topsgolb.ulukgnebirtniwe//:ptth )

husA itnaP awhab nakakumegnem agabmel utaus halada kana laisoS na

kutnu bawaj gnuggnat iaynupmem gnay laisos naarethajesek

,ratnalret kana adap laisos naarethajesek nanayalep nakirebmem

malad kana ilaw /aut gnaro itnaggnep nanayalep nakirebmem

isos nad ,latnem ,kisif nahutubek ihunemem husa kana adapek la

igab iadamem nad tapet ,saul gnay natapmesek helorepmem aggnihes


93

iagabes nakparahid gnay nagned iauses aynnaidabirpek nagnabmekrep

atic surenep isareneg irad naigab - gnay nasni iagabes nad asgnab atic

gnadib malad fitka atres turut naka .lanoisan nanugnabmep

.2 airaM atnaS nahusA itnaP oroB

atsaws agabmel nahusa itnap halada airaM atnaS nahusA itnaP

arap helo halolekid ini nahusa itnaP .artup susuhk nakkutnurepid gnay

tnu halada ini nahusa itnap aynnakiridid amatu naujuT .CIF redurb u k

bmem kana nakhalokeynem atres kididnem ,utna - ,utaip ,mitay kana

akerem igab nakamatuid nad iridnam hara ek ratnalret ,utaip mitay

huggnus nad hamel aynimonoke gnay - .nakhutubmem huggnus

nad igrenis ,lebatnuka ,hisak ,namireb halada nahusA itnaP isiV

gnabmekreb ek halada ini nahusa itnap isim nupadA .hutu idabirp hara

nad ipudihgnem upmam ,amatrep :raga kejbus ignipmadnem

ayadreb nikames raga nanayal kejbus nami nakgnabmekhubmunem

nakdujuwem upmam ,audeK .renoissim nad nahat ayadreb ,takip

nep malad hisak ayadub takaraysamreb ,ajereggnem pudih atat natakgni

isakinumok naktakgninem upmam ,agiteK .asgnabreb nad aragenreb

naaraduasrep naknakenem gnay nami satinumok kutnebret aggnihes

raga ,tapmeeK .amasreb nasutugnep bawajgnuggnat nad itajes

dabirp idajnem gnabmekreb ikilimem itra malad hutu gnay i

.lautirips nad ,latnem ,lanoisome ,laisos ,kisif pudih nagnabmiesek


04

halolegnem upmam raga nahusa itnap fats ignipmadnem ,amileK tesa

.lebatnuka araces )anarasarp anaras ,laisnanif ,MDS(

t airaM atcnaS nahusa itnap husa kanA 3102/2102 naraja nuha

halokes id itnap kahip helo nakhalokes id akereM .kana 25 halmujreb

akereM .iranimeS id nad ,KMS ,PMS ,DS ,KT id gnay adA .lamrof

,ukulaM ,natnamilaK ,awaJ :itrepes haread iagabreb irad lasareb

.aretamuS nad ,aupaP

.E nagnibmiB idabirP - laisoS

.1 nagnibmib naitregneP

:0102( nashiruN nad fusuY )5 nagnibmib awhab nakpakgnugnem

atak irad nahamejret nakapurem g .ecnadiu ,haifarah araceS ecnadiug

atak irad lasareb ediug ,udnamem ,nakharagnem itrareb gnay

d naitregnep kaynaB .riteynem nad ,alolegnem arap helo nakakumeki

.tukireb iagabes aynaratnaid ,ilha

,akitnuJ nad fusuY usmayS turunem nagnibmib naitregneP

anacnereb nad sitametsis gnay nataigek napahat naiakgnares halada

.naujut naiapacnep adapek hararet gnay )01:0102 nashiruN nad fusuY( .

nagnibmiB helo nakirebid gnay nautnab halada nirihoT turunem

iapacnem gnibmibid gnay udividni raga udividni adapek gnibmibmep

iulalem ,nahab iagabreb nakanugrepmem nagned nairidnamek

nahusa anasaus malad nasagag atres tahisan nairebmep nad ,iskaretni

akrasadreb nad amron n - .ukalreb gnay amron 002 ,nirihoT( 8 .)02:


14

awhab naksalejnem )92 :4002 ,itutsaH irS nad lekniW( idaigeoM

udividni ipakgnelem kutnu ahasu utaus )1( itrareb tapad nagnibmib

aynirid gnatnet isamrofni nad namalagnep ,nauhategnep nagned

utaus )2( ;iridnes adapek nautnab uata nagnolotrep nairebmep arac

nad neisife araces nakanugrepmem nad imahamem kutnu udividni

nagnabmekrep kutnu ikilimid gnay natapmesek alages fitkefe

udividni adapek nanayalep sinejes )3( ;aynidabirp - raga ,udividni

nakutnenem tapad akerem tapet nagned naujut nakpatenem ,nahilip

tapad akerem aggnihes ,sitsilaer gnay anacner nusuynem nad

anam id nagnukgnil malad id naksaumem nagned irid nakiauseynem

nagnolotrep uata nautnab nairebmep sesorp utaus )4( ;pudih akerem

m :lah malad udividni adapek nakgnubuhgnem ;iridnes irid imahame

,hilimem ;nagnukgnil nagned iridnes aynirid gnatnet namahamep

aynirid pesnok nagned iauses anacner nusuynem nad nakutnenem

.nagnukgnil irad natutnut nad iridnes

,) 92 :4002 ,itutsaH irS & lekniW( ajajdiwataN namhcoR

dnem adapek nautnab nairebmep sesorp iagabes nagnibmib nakisinife

udividni ayapus ,nagnubmanisekreb araces nakukalid gnay udividni

nakharagnem puggnas ai aggnihes ,aynirid imahamem tapad tubesret

aadaek nad natutnut nagned iauses ,rajaw kadnitreb tapad nad irid n

pacegnem tapad aid naikimed nagneD .takaraysam atres agraulek

gnay nagnabmus nakirebmem tapad atres aynpudih naaigahabek

.itrareb


24

tapad ,sata id naitregnep aparebeb irad naiaru nakrasadreB

nautnab nairebmep sesorp halada nagnibmib awhab naklupmisid

dapek nad ,namalagnep ,nauhategnep ilakebmem nagned udividni a

gnatnet isamrofni raga ,nagnubmanisekreb araces iridnes aynirid

araces kadnitreb nad aynirid nakharagnem tapad tubesret udividni

.takaraysam atres agraulek naadaek nad natutnut nagned iauses ,rajaw

.2 idabirp nagnibmib naitregneP - laisos

nagnibmib nakisinifednem )811 :4002( itutsaH irS nad lekniW

idabirp - aynnitab naadaek ipadahgnem malad nagnibmib iagabes laisos

;iridnes aynnitab malad nalumugrep iagabreb isatagnem nad iridnes

iridnes irid rutagnem malad ,inamsaj natawarep ,nainahorek gnadib id

nagnibmib atres ,lauskes usfan narulaynep ,gnaul utkaw naisignep

nagned naaisunamek nagnubuh anibmem malad amases iagabreb id

.)laisos naluagrep( nagnukgnil

nagnibmib nakisinifednem )11 :0102( nashiruN nad fusuY

p idabir - malad udividni arap utnabmem kutnu nagnibmib iagabes laisos

halasam nakhacemem - idabirp halasam - .laisos halasaM - halasam

tubesret ial aratna amases nagned nagnubuh halasam n nagned ,namet

,irid naupmamek nad tafis namahamep ,halokes fats nad urug

eynep takaraysam nad nakididnep nagnukgnil nagned irid naiaus

gnit akerem tapmet .kilfnok naiaseleynep nad ,lag


34

,uti aratnemeS 002( nirihoT 8 )421 : idabirp nagnibmib iankamem

nautnab utaus iagabes tapad raga udividni adapek gnibmibmep irad

agut nad naujut iapacnem upmam gnay idabirp nagnabmekrep s

araces aynnagnukgnil nagned irid nakiauseynem nad isasilaisosreb

.kiab

id naiaru nakrasadreB awhab naklupmisid tapad ,sata nagnibmib

idabirp - malad udividni utnabmem kutnu ayapu halada laisos

em nad naidabirpek nakpatnamem udividni naupmamek nakgnabmegn

halasam inagnanem malad - iridnes irid nagned natiakreb gnay halasam

nep iulalem gnukudid gnay ,nial gnaro nad gnay nagnukgnil naatpic

fisudnok


44

III BAB

DOTEM E NAITILENEP

i baB in narapap isireb gnatnet itilenep sinej ,naitilenep keybus ,na

,atad nalupmugnep edotem ,naitilenep tnemurtsni pahat - ,naitilenep pahat

.atad nahasbaek naaskiremep nad ,atad sisilana kinket

.A naitileneP sineJ

nad nadgoB .fitatilauk naitilenep halada ini naitilenep sineJ rolyaT

:0991 gnoeloM malad( )3 fitatilauk igolodotem awhab naksalejnem

apureb fitpirksed atad naklisahgnem gnay naitilenep rudesurp nakapurem

atak - gnaro irad nasil uata silutret atak - tapad gnay ukalirep nad gnaro

malad( relliM nad kriK ,tubesret isinifed nagned nalajeS .itamaid

oeloM isidart halada fitatilauk naitilenep awhab naksalejnem aguj )gn

latnemadnuf araces gnay laisos nauhategnep umli malad utnetret

iridnes aynnasawak malad aisunam adap natamagnep adap gnutnagreb

gnaro nagned nagnubuhreb nad - nad aynasahab malad tubesret gnaro

.aynnahalitsirep malad

turuneM onoyiguS 2( 110 1: 5 ,) awhab nakakumegnem edotem

halada fitatilauk naitilenep adap naksadnalreb gnay naitilenep edotem

keybo isidnok adap itilenem kutnu nakanugid ,emsivitisop tsop tafaslif

ke halada aynnawal iagabes( ,haimala naitilenep malaD .)nemireps

rebmus nalibmagneP .icnuk tnemurtsni iagabes halada itilenep ,fitatilauk


54

araces nakukalid atad gnilpmas evisopruP .gnilpmas evisoprup nakapurem

nagnabmitrep ikilimem akij itilenep helo nakanugid gnay gnilpmas kinket -

nagnabmitrep mus nalibmagnep malad utnetret .)9002 ,surdI( atad reb

atad sisilanA .)nagnubag( isaluggnairt nagned nalupmugnep kinkeT

naknakenem hibel fitatilauk naitilenep lisaH .fitatilauk/fitkudni tafisreb

ankam adapirad isasilareneg .

102 ,haysnaidreH malad( llewserC awhab nakataynem ,)0

hibel gnay haimli naitilenep sesorp utaus halada fitatilauk naitilenep

halasam imahamem kutnu nakduskamid - sketnok malad aisunam halasam

gnay skelpmok nad huruleynem narabmag nakatpicnem nagned laisos

et nagnadnap nakropalem ,nakijasid ,isamrofni rebmus arap nad icnirepr

malad nakukalid atres gnittes isnevretni aynada apnat haimala gnay

.itilenep irad nupapa

gnoeloM turuneM , nakanugid tapad gnay kitsiretarak aparebeb ada

.fitatilauk naitilenep malad ,amatreP em nakanuggnem ini naitilenep edot

,aracnawaw ,natamagnep nakanuggnem nagned edotem utiay fitatilauk

.nemukod nahaalenep uata ,audeK halada nakanugid gnay atad sisilana

adap naitilenep isatabmem aynah kadit anam id ,fitkudni atad sisilana

em naknialem naagud kalonem uata amirenem ayapu imahamem abocn

nasalA .irid naklipmanem tubesret isautis anamiagab nagned iauses isautis

nakumenem tapad hibel halada fitkudni atad sisilana nakanuggnem

naitilenep nagnubuh ;atad malad tapadret gnay kamaj naataynek -

a nad ,lanekid ,tisilpske hibel nednopser ebatnuk l araces ratal nakiarugnem ;


64

nad ;nagnubuh majatrepmem gnay amasreb huragnep nakumenem ;hunep

ialin nakgnutihrepmem - .tisilpske araces ialin ,agiteK nakanugid gnay iroet

( rasad irad iroet halada dednuorg fitnatsbus iroet nanusuynep aynitra ,)

d lasareb irad nakduskamid ini laH .sata ek hawab irad uata atad ira

urab uti haletes nad naklupmukid nagnubuhreb gnilas gnay atad halmujes

.urab iroet naklisahgnem aynrihka gnay iroet nususid

.B naitileneP kejbuS

kana halada ini naitilenep kejbuS - S nahusa itnap kana airaM atcna

.oroB 5 kaynabes kana halmuJ 2 2 nad , 0 6 aisureb gnay kana - .nuhat 21

gnay atad helorepmem tapad ayapus kana tapme hilimem itileneP

.takgnis gnay utkaw malad maladnem itilenep ,uti anerak helO

airetirk 3 nakutnenem :utiay kejbus

.1 kanak aisU - kanak aratna( rihka nad hagnet 6- .)nuhat 21

.2 laggnit haduS oroB airaM atcnaS nahusA itnaP id nuhat 2 laminim

.3 anerak itnap kusam nasalA emoh nekorb .ratnalret nad

:halada ini naitilenep malad kejbus tapmeeK halokes mane salek ,ZR )1

.nuhat 21 aisureb gnay rasad agraulek anerak 9991 nuhat itnap kusaM

.emoh nekorb .nuhat 11 aisureb gnay rasad halokes amil salek ,GN )2

rasad halokes amil salek ,RM )3 .ratnalret anerak 8002 nuhat itnap kusaM

agraulek anerak 8002 nuhat itnap kusaM .nuhat 11 aisureb gnay nekorb

.emoh 4 ) .nuhat 11 aisureb gnay rasad halokes tapme salek ,MT kusaM

.ratnalret anerak 8002 nuhat itnap


74

.C ataD nalupmugneP edoteM

nagned halada ini naitilenep malad atad nalupmugnep edoteM

weivretni nad fitapisitrap )natamagnep( isavresbo nakanuggnem

it )aracnawaw( itilenep ,fitapisitrap isavresbo malaD .rutkurtsreb kad

irahes nataigek nagned tabilret - gnay uata itamaid gnades gnay gnaro irah

,natamagnep nakukalem libmaS .naitilenep atad rebmus iagabes nakanugid

rebmus helo nakajrekid gnay apa nakukalem tuki itilenep tuki nad ,atad

gnay atad akam ,ini napisitrap isavresbo nagneD .aynakud akus nakasarem

takgnit adap iuhategnem iapmas nad ,majat ,pakgnel hibel naka helorepid

.kapman gnay ukalirep paites irad ankam

d sabeb gnay aracnawaw halada rutkurtsreb kadit aracnawaW anam i

nususret halet gnay aracnawaw namodep nakanuggnem kadit itilenep

namodeP .aynatad nalupmugnep kutnu pakgnel nad sitametsis araces

sirag apureb aynah nakanugid gnay aracnawaw - nahalasamrep raseb sirag

p narabmag naktapadnem kutnU .nakaynatid naka gnay gnay nahalasamre

kahip adapek aracnawaw nakukalem ulrep itilenep akam ,pakgnel hibel -

,onoyiguS( kejbo malad ada gnay natakgnit iagabreb ilikawem gnay kahip

.)47 :0102

isavresboid gnay fitatilauk naitilenep malad naitilenep kejbO

,onoiguS( yeldarpS turunem 413 :1102 - ,laisos isautis nakamanid )513

.sativitka nad ,ukalep ,tapmet :utiay nenopmok agit irad iridret gnay

aparebeb idajnem nakgnabmekid tapad tubesret amatu nenopmok agiteK


84

ay ,itamaid tapad gnay lah kepsa malad gnaur ,amatreP :uti adneb ,audeK . -

adneb nakadnit uata nataubrep ,agiteK .uti tapmet id tapadret gnay -

gnaro nakajrekid gnay sativitka naiakgnar ,tapmeeK .utnetret nakadnit -

gnaro iapacid nigni gnay naujut ,maneeK .nataigek naturu ,amileK .gnaro -

kiserpskeid nad nakasarid gnay isome ,hujuteK .gnaro gnaro helo na - .gnaro

kejbus irad isamrofni uata atad naktapadnem malad nalisahrebeK

malad itilenep naupmamek adap gnutnagreb tagnas itiletid gnay

nakanuggnem itilenep ini sagut racnalrepmem kutnU .iaracnawawem

apureb anaras redrocer epat mes makerem kutnu malad naaracibmep au

aracnawaw kejbus irad isamrofni/nabawaj tacacnem kutnu silut tala nad

.iaracnawawid gnay

akgnarek taubmem itilenep ,aracnawaw namodep nagned natiakreB

naaynatrep icnir araces taumem gnay nagab uata rasad - gnay naaynatrep

nagned iauses naaynatrep iraD .nakhutubid gnay atad sinej - naaynatrep

araces aynhilimem naka itilenep ,rasad akgnarek malad nususid gnay

huggnus - gnay atad sinej nagned naveler uata iauses raga huggnus

.nakhutubid 041:1002 gnoeloM malad( 0891 nottaP - ,)141 naktubeynem

mane :utiay ,natiakreb gnilas gnay aracnawaw malad naaynatrep sinej

.1 eP p uata namalagnep nagned natiakreb gnay naaynatr ukalire

taubid halet nad taubid gnay apa nagned natiakreb ini naaynatreP

,ukalirep ,namalagnep nakispirksednem kutnu naujut nagned gnaroeses

naridahek utkaw adap itamaid tapad gnay nataigek nad ,nakadnit

.aracnawawep


94

.2 eP n uata tapadnep nagned natiakreb gnay naaynatr iali

nad fitingok sesorp imahamem kutnu naujutreb ini naaynatreP

.kejbus irad fitaterpretni

.3 gned natiakreb gnay naaynatreP p na asare na

lanoisome sesorp imahamem tapad kutnu nakujutid ini naaynatreP

.aynnarikimep nad namalagnep nagned nagnubuhes gnaroeses

.4 nauhategnep gnatnet naaynatreP

nakujaid ini naaynatreP kaf nauhategnep helorepmem kutnu laut

ab ismusa nagned nednopser ikilimem gnay gnadnapid lah utaus awh

laH .iuhatekid tapad - uata ,naasarep uata tapadnep nakub uti lah

lah nakapurem - atkaf naknialem ,gnaroeses helo iuhatekid gnay lah

.uti susak irad

.5 eP i nagned natiakreb gnay naaynatr aredn

hilid gnay apa nagned naanekreb ini naaynatreP ,abarid ,ragnedid ,ta

.muicid nad ,nakasarid

.6 nagned natiakreb gnay naaynatreP d uata gnakaleb ratal ifargome

iric nakumenem ahasureb ini naaynatreP - gnay gnaro idabirp iric

.iaracnawawid

.D pahaT - naitileneP pahat

pahaT - irad iridret ini naitilenep malad pahat pahat utiay ,pahat aud

02 ,gnoeloM( nagnapal naajrekep pahat nad nagnapalarp 31 721: - .)841

nanusuynep :itupilem nagnapalarp pahaT aracnawaw naaynatrep naudnap


05

nalub adap nakanacnerid gnay sutsugA nagnapal naajrekep pahat nad 3102

ek nagned aracnawaw utiay pme ta id natilenep keybus nahusA itnaP

oroB ,airaM atcnaS nalub adap nakanacnerid rebmetpeS .3102

.E keT ataD sisilanA kin

sitametsis araces nusuynem nad iracnem sesorp halada atad sisilanA

nad ,nagnapal natatac ,aracnawaw lisah irad helorep gnay atad

satnemukod ,irogetak malad ek atad nakisasinagrognem arac nagned ,i

tinu malad ek nakrabajnem - malad ek nusuynem ,asetnis nakukalem ,tinu

taubmem nad ,irajalepid naka gnay nad gnitnep gnay anam hilimem ,alop

nupuam iridnes irid helo imahapid hadum aggnihes nalupmisek .nial gnaro

,)301:1002( gnoeloM helo nakakumekid adanes laH .)98:0102 ,onoyiguS(

nakturugnem nad nakisasinagrognem sesorp halada atad sisilana awhab

tapad aggnihes rasad naiaru nautas nad ,irogetak ,alop malad ek atad

ih naksumurid tapad nad amet nakumetid gnay itrepes ajrek sisetop

.atad helo naknarasid

.F ataD nahasbaeK naaskiremeP

,tatacnem itilenep ,atad nahasbaek nagned natiakreB

gnay irad nabawaj paites nakrisfanem aynrihka nad ,nakisatnemukodnem

nakecegnep naulrepek kutnu ,uti atad raul iD .iaracnawawid iagabes uata

.isalugnairt kinket nakanuggnem ,atad padahret gnidnabmep turuneM

002( gnoeloM 871:1 nahasbaek naaskiremep kinket halada isalugnairt ,)


15

nial gnay utauses naktaafnamem gnay atad naulrepek kutnu uti atad raul id

gnidnabmep iagabes uata nakecegnep uti atad padahret .

naaskiremep halai nakanugid kaynab gnilap gnay isalugnairt kinkeT

.aynnial rebmus iulalem nakpakgnuid gnay nagned adebreb huaj kadiT

nalupmugnep kinket halada isalugnairt awhab ,)033:1102( onoyiguS helo

nakgnubaggnem tafisreb gnay atad atad nalupmugnep kinket iagabreb irad

.ada halet gnay atad rebmus nad ikilimem lupmukret gnay isamrofnI

paggnaid gnay raul kahip naktabilem alibapa pakgnel gnay isairav

ini naitilenep malad ,uti anerak helO .ada gnay anemonef imahamem

hilimem itilenep beb husagnep nad gnay gnomap apare gnay laggnit gnay

amasreb - kutnu kejbus nagned amas nakidajid rebmus .isamrofni

.G nemurtsnI naitileneP

isamrofni ilaggnem kutnu nakharaid ini naitilenep malad aracnawaW

gnatnet naitilenep kejbus irad ana gnayas hisak nahutubek k- 6 iasu kana –

aracnawaw naudnaP .airaM atcnaS nahusa itnap id laggnit gnay nuhat 21

iroet tapme irad kepsa agit libmagnem nagned itilenep helo nususid ini

,naitahrep utiay ,)2002( mmorF hcirE helo nakakumekid gnay

mahamep nad ,bawaj gnuggnat ,naagrahgnep .na ,mmorF iroet nialeS

gnay naarsemek utiay gnayas hisak kepsa utas nakhabmanem aguj itilenep

K .)8002( tsorD irad libmaid ,iatnicid isidnok utaus halada gnayas hisa

kepsA .)8002 ,tsorD( autgnaro helo amiretid nad ,iagrahid ,nakitahrepid

adnatid naarsemek gnaro nagned barka gnay nagnubuh ikilimem nagned i


25

kutnu nanigniek ,nagnubuh paites malad natagnahek nakasarem ,nial

nahutnes helorepmem nad ,nial gnaro nagned naasarep igabreb - nahutnes

,nakupet ,nakulep :itrepes ,namayn nad martnet taubmem gnay kisif

cid( kana igab ukgnapid /mui - )licek hisam gnay kana iroeT . - nial gnay iroet

imahamem ayapus atad sisilanagnem kutnu tala iagabes nakanugid naka

kana nalaosrep - asib aggnihes gnayas hisak nagned nataiakreb gnay kana

.fitkefe araces nagnipmadnep nalusu nakirebmem

lebaT 1 . isiK - aracnawaW naudnaP isik /kejbus adapek nakujutid(

)kana

doK

e

kepsA

gnayaS hisaK nahutubeK

autgnarO

naudnaP naaynatreP

.a ( naitahreP erac )

.1 imahap umak gnay apA

?naitahrep gnatnet

.2 itrepes naitahrep kutneB

umak gnay apa ?naknigni

.3 gnay apa naitahreP

?ihunepret hadus

.4 gnay naitahrep kutneB

ihunepret muleb apa ?

.b ( naagrahgneP tcepser )


?naagrahgnep gnatnet

.6 apa itrepes naagrahgneP

?naknigni umak gnay

.7 gnay apa naagrahgneP


35

?ihunepret hadus

.8 epes naagrahgneP apa itr

muleb gnay ?ihunepret

.c ( namahameP egdelwonk )

.9 umak gnay apA

ianegnem iuhatek atak

?”imahapid“

.01 apa itrepes namahameP

?naknigni umak gnay

.11 gnay apa namahameP

?ihunepret hadus

.21 apa namahamep kutneB

?ihunepret muleb gnay

.d eK ( natakedek /naarsem ycamitni )


/naarsemek gnatnet

?natakedek

.41 amaleS laggnit

/naarsemek ,inis id

gnay apa itrepes natakedek

umak ?naknigni

.51 apa natakedek /naarsemeK

?ihunepret hadus gnay

.61 naarsemek kutneB

muleb gnay anamiagab

?ihunepret


45

lebaT 2 . naaynatreP - adapek nakujutid( aracnawaw naaynatrep

)husagnep nad ,gnomap ,nanipmip

kepsA - kepsa

gnayas hisak

naaynatreP - naaynatrep

.a nahutubeK

naitahrep naka

.b nahutubeK

naagrahgnep naka

.c nahutubeK

ahamep naka nam

)1 nanigniek ikilimem aid hakapA raseb kutnu

?husagnep /gnomap helo nakitahrepid

)2 /naknigni aid gnay hakapa itrepes naitahreP

?nakparah

)3 ?ihunepret hadus gnay hakapa itrepes naitahreP

)4 hakapa itrepes naitahreP ihunepret muleb gnay

?aynigab

)5 ?iagrahid kutnu nanigniek ikilimem aid hakapA

)6 aid gnay hakapa itrepes naagrahgnep kutneB

?naknigni/nakparah

)7 gnay hakapa itrepes naagrahgnep kutneB

?ihunepret hadus

)8 ?ihunepret muleb gnay hakapa itrepes naagrahgneP

)9 m aid hakapA helo imahapid kutnu nanigniek iaynupme

?husagnep /gnomap

)01 aid gnay hakapa itrepes namahamep kutneB

?naknigni

)11 ?ihunepret hadus gnay hakapa itrepes namahameP

)21 ?ihunepret muleb gnay hakapa itrepes namahameP


55

.d nahutubeK

naarsemek naka

)31 ed kutnu nanigniek iaynupmem aid hakapA /tak

arsem nagned P husagne ?gnomap

)41 aid gnay hakapa naarsemek /natakedek kutneB

?naknigni

)51 gnay hakapa itrepes naarsemek /natakedeK

?ihunepret hadus

)61 gnay hakapa itrepes natakedek /naarsemeK

?ihunepret muleb


65

VI BAB

EP NAD NAITILENEP LISAH NASAHABM

ini bab adaP ataD .naitilenep naanaskalep lisah nad sesorp nakiaruid - atad

halada nakijasid gnay lisah w nad ,isavresbo ,isatnemukod iduts aracnawa

id kejbus padahret maladnem lisah atres oroB ,airaM atcnaS nahusA itnaP

nep kejbus nagned aracnawaw P .gnukud atad naijayne aman itrepes kejbus kejbus

.nakaisaharid

.A naitileneP sesorP

gnay adnega nagned iauses racnal nagned nalajreb naitilenep sesorP

iaracnawawem itileneP .nakanacnerid hadus tapmeek gnatad nagned kejbus

nad laggnit d laggnit irah aparebeb i nahusa itnap anam id .laggnit kejbus

kejbus agit nad amatu kejbus tapme nagned aracnawaw nakukalem itileneP

02 laggnat nagned iapmas rebmetpeS 71 laggnat adap )namrofni( gnukudnep

3102 rebmetpeS pudih amari nagned iauses nalajreb aracnawaw sesorP . kana -

a nahusa itnap id kan . tapme nagned maladnem aracnawaw nakukalem nialeS

isavresbo nad isatnemukod iduts nakukalem aguj itilenep ,amatu kejbus

71 laggnat irad kejbus padahret - 5 laggnat nad 3102 rebmetpeS 02 - rebotkO 6

.3102

a ini naitilenep malad amatu kejbuS kana halad - 6 aisureb gnay kana - 21

itilenep ,ipatet nakA .oroB airaM atcnaS nahusA itnaP id laggnit gnay nuhat

gnay naitilenep kejbus airetirtk malad kusamret gnay kana tapme hilimem


75

ini naitilenep malad amatu kejbus tapmeeK .nakutnetid hadus halada 11( MT

)nuhat , )nuhat 21( ZR , )nuhat 11 ( GN , .)nuhat 11 ( RM nad

kanA - kana ratal iaynupmem tubesret amatu kejbus nakidajid gnay

gnakaleb agraulek .adebreb gnay gnudnak araduas nagnubuh lisah halada MT

,iyab hisam akitek aynmulebes itnap adapek nakharesid gnay satitnedi GN

agraulek irad lasareb RM nad ZR ,iuhatekid kadit aynaut gnaro emoh nekorb .

id amatu kejbus amasreb laggnit amaleS nahusa itnap aguj itilenep ,

nakukalem nad ,gnomaP ,nahusA itnaP nanipmiP nagned aracnawaw

husagneP ignipmadnem ini amales gnay .akerem aguj itilenep uti nialeS

nakukalem nagned atad ipakgnelem tapmeek ianegnem isatnemukod iduts

.kejbus akereM id gnay iaracnawaw tubes itilenep ayntujnales kutnu ini

iagabes namrofni gnukudnep kejbus uata nad ,isatnemukod ,isavresbo lisaH .

awaw lisah husagneP atres gnomaP ,nanipmiP irad aracn iagabes nakidajid

.isalugnairt atad

.B naitileneP lisaH

.1 amatU kejbuS

.a isavresbO

p id laggnit amaleS o nakukalem itilenep itna padahret isavresb

.kejbus tapme 71 laggnat adap nakukalid isavresbO - rebmetpeS 02

3102 5 nad - lisah naijayneP .3102 rebotkO 6 naklipmatid isavresbo

lebat malad :ini hawab id


85

3 lebaT kejbus tapme padahret isavresbO .


isavresbo

1 kejbuS 2 kejbuS 3 kejbuS 4 kejbuS

Y T Y T Y T Y T

.a naitahrep naka nahutubeK

( erac )

.1 ai hakapA

em naitahrep naktapadn

nahutubek adap

?aynkisif

√

√

√

√

.2 naktapadnem ai hakapA

adap naitahrep

nad naarahilemep

nahisrebek

?hubut/nadab

√

√

√

√


adap naitahrep

natawarep

?aynnatahesek

√

√

√

√

.4 i hakapA naktapadnem a

adap naitahrep

?halokes nahutubek

√

√

√

√

.b naka nahutubeK

( naagrahgnep tcepser )

.5 kana hakapA

napacu naktapadnem

?hisak amiret

√

√

√

√

.6 naktapadnem kanA

anerak naijup

utauses nakukalem

?fitisop gnay

√

√

√

√

.7 kana hakapA

haidah naktapadnem

malad lisahreb anerak

?lah utaus

√

√

√

√


95


isavresbo

1 kejbuS 2 kejbuS 3 kejbuS 4 kejbuS

Y T Y T Y T Y T

.c naka nahutubeK

( namahamep egdelwonk )

.8 kana hakapA

naktapadnem

s nagnipmadnep taa

?rajaleb

√

√

√

√

.9 kana hakapA

taas ignipmadid

?ajrekeb

√

√

√

√

.01 imahapid kana hakapA

imalagnem taas

malad natilusek

?rajaleb

√

√

√

√

.d naarsemek naka nahutubeK

( ycamitni )

.11 atirecreb ai hakapA

/husagnep adapek

?gnomap

√

√

√

√

.21 tukat asarem ai hakapA

/gnomap nagned

?husagnep

√

√

√

√

.31 asarem ai hakapA

taked id adareb namayn

?husagnep uata gnomap

√

√

√

√


nahutnes - kisif nahutnes

?nakgnanenem gnay

√

√ √ √

.51 kapA naktapadnem ai ha

gnay tahisan /naruget

?tubmel

√

√

√

√


06

3 lebaT urem padahret isavresbo lisah narabmag nakap

.kejbus tapme laggnit amales natamagnep lisah nakrasadreB

itilenep ,kejbus amasreb :itrepes lah aparebeb itamagnem

if nahutubek nahunemeP bus tapmeek kis j ihunepret hadus ke

( rutaret gnay kana nakam alop tahilem itileneP .ihunepret nakam

irahes ilak agit igap , hadus gnay maj nagned malam ,gnais

.)nakutnetid paites( kiab pukuc gnay izig nahutubek nahunemeP

l ,ruyas ,isan nakam ,usus munim igap )haub nad ,kua nad kcans

irah eros nad igap kanA . - napakgnelrep ikilimem kana nad

natalarep :idnam ,gnuyag takis ,opmahs ,nubas tapmE .lodo ,igig

ikilimem aguj ini kana ,sat ,magares naiakap :halokes napakgnelrep

ukub ,ikak soak ,utapes - .silut tala nad ukub naagrahgnep kutneB

libom haidah naktapadnem kejbus akitek aynlasim - alibom irad n

.salek kian anerak aynubi agned takgnis napakacrep tukireB n KE

( laisini aman kejbus namet ) akitek tahilem itilenep niamreb KE

libom - harem anrawreb nalibom halokes gnalup taas . “ :P libom ked

.”!..ay redurB irad haidah ,...sugab umak :KE nakub ut ini“

RM aynup ini ,ukaynup )laisini( narubil utkaw hamur irad awabid

niramek ” . libom niamreb RM tahilem itilenep irah eros adaP -

:P .harem anrawreb nalibom trepes ay sugab umak libom ked“ i

”!..KE aynup :RM . “ KE gn aid ,aynup kag m !ukaynup majni :P .”

tapad RM..!uutig..ooO“ apais irad ”? :RM . nak niramek ,ubi irad“

”!salek kian anerak uka hisagn ubi…rubil utkaw gnalup uka .


16

P itamagnem aguj itilene kareg - ek arac nad kireg tapme kejbus

breb akitek ZR .husagnep nad gnomap nagned araci , GN amaturet ,

MT gnadak - iraj nakniamem( pugug nad tukat gnadak - ,iraj

sutupret ,aracibreb taas nial tapmet ek tahilem ,kudnunem - )sutup .

.nial gnaro nagned aracibreb akitek pagag MT gnanet kapmat RM

gnadak( namayn nad - dak akitek gnadnamem ,muynesret gna

takednem ,aracibreb husagnep /gnomap i kadit nad salej napacu ,

sutupret - .)rilagnem ,sutup kejbus tapmeek itamagnem aguj itileneP

.ajrekeb gnades akitek tagnamesreb utigeb RM ajrekeb malad

adus RM nakiynubid ajrek leb mulebes( ,)aynsagut nakukalem h

,GN ,MT aratnemes nad 51 hibel gnaruk aynsagut nakukalem ZR

.nakiynubid ajrek leb haletes tinem

tukireB gnomap gnaroes halas akitek kejbus tapme iskaer

.nagnapal id niamreb gnades gnay kejbus tapmeek adapek aynatreb

nsagut“ :gnomaP ”?muleb sereb hadu ay .

”)muynesret(..rred hadus“ :RM

bes helonem( “ :MT ”)niamreb naktujnalem ulal ratne

!hadus uka“ :GN )turebmec nad helonem( ”

)turebmec( !hadus“ :ZR

itamagnem itilenep ilak aparebeB gnaruk ZR nad ,GN ,MT

map taked adareb sabeb nad namayn M .gno re reb ake kutnu ahasu

RM .gnomap ada akitek radnihgnem pukuc sabeb nad namayn


26

gnadak nad iatnas nagned aracibreb asib aI .gnomap ada akitek -

.gnomap ada akitek awatret nad muynesret gnadak

gnayas hisak uata atnic nahutubeK adareb uata level adap

kgnit gnay ta halada aynhawab id level auD .agitek nahutubek

sigoloisif .nama asar naka nahutubek nad natamagnep turuneM

nahutubek utiay amatrep gnay level adap nahutubek ,itilenep

aratnemes ,ihunepret pukuc kejbus tapmeek kutnu sigoloisif

y level adap nahutubek nama asar naka nahutubek utiay audek gna

itilenep ,wolsaM nahutubek ikrarih nakrasadreB .ihunepret muleb

ini kejbus tapmeek gnayas hisak nahutubek awhab naklupmiynem

ihunepret muleb kejbus adap nama asar naka nahutubek anerak

.ihunepret muleb saM malad( wol nakataynem )4002 ,losiwlA

nahutubek alibapa aynah ihunepret tapad nahutubek paites awhab

.ihunepret fitaler halet aynmulebes gnajnej adap

,ualpeP nad ,namdeerF ,sraeS malad( trennilK nad revahS

amatu isgnuf iaynupmem gnayas hisak awhab naktubeynem ,)5891

nakirebmem nad nama asar helorepmem utiay udividni igab

kadit nad tukat asarem udividni akiJ .nagnukgnil gnatnet isamrofni

akerem akam ,urab isautis padahret iskaereb anamiagab itsap uhat

naka naka nama asaR .aynihisakid gnay gnaro nakparahgnem

lib lucnum gnaro nagned nakgnaneynem gnay nagnubuh idajret a -

.aynnagned taked gnay gnaro


36

,sata id tubesret rennilK nad revahS tapadnep nakrasadreB

itilenep kejbus agit awhab naklupmiynem muleb naktapadnem

naktapadnem pukuc kejbus utas nad gnayas hisak gnayas hisak .

kejbus tapmeek ukalirep nad pakis malad malad kapmat ini laH

nad isavresbo lisah tahil( .husagnep nad gnomap padahret

.)2 naripmal maladnem aracnawaw

.b maladnem aracnawaW

adap nakukalid maladnem aracnawaW kana tapme gnay

kana tapmeeK .amatu kejbus idajnem ,5 ,4 salek awsis halada ini

atcnaS nahusA itnaP id laggnit hadus nad rasad halokeS 6 nad

nuhat 5 iapmas 2 amales oroB ,airaM adap nakukalid aracnawaW .

laggnat rebmetpeS 71 3102 rebmetpeS 81 nad 3102 . lisaH

amasreb aracnawaw kana tapme bel gnay tubesret ,pakgnel hi

( aracnawaw naiaru malad naklipmat itilenep tahil aripmal 2 n .)

lebaT 4. h namukgnaR maladnem aracnawaw lisa nagned kejbus naitilenep

edoK kepsA hisaK

gnayaS aracnawaW lisaH nad kejbuS

.a

1( -4)

nahutubeK naitahrep naka

naknigniid gnay naitahrep kutneB : RM irahes nahutubek nahunemep → - irah GN nahutubek irebid → - nahutubek ZR nahunemep nad nagnabmus irebid →

nahutubek MT itrepes nahutubek nahunemep →

nahutubek


46

.b

(5-8)

nahutubeK

naka

naagrahgnep

rajaleb taas ignipmadid ,halokes

ay naitahrep kutneB :ihunepret hadus gn RM naulrepek nad nahutubek nahunemep →

irahes - ,irah kutnu naktagniid

taharitsi ,nakam GN gnau( halokes naulrepek irebid →

nakam kutnu naktagniid ,)halokes

rad nautnab naktapadnem ,rudit nad i

natilusek imalagnem akitek namet

ajrekeb nad rajaleb malad ZR nad naulrepek irebid ,tikas akitek tawarid →

hutubek irahes na - irah :itrepes

ukub ,naiakap ,nanakam - ,ukub

naniam ukub nad

MT niamreb kutnu namet kaynab → irebid ,

tala ,utapes( naatnimrep - )idnam tala ihunepret muleb gnay naitahrep kutneB :

RM nalaj kajaid → - naniam( raul ek nalaj

id niales raul id )itnap GN sagut naulrepek( halokes nahutubek →

)halokes irad ayrakarp ZR t :halokes nahutubek → tala ,sa - tala

rabmag MT gnay narajalep malad nagnipmadnep →

,tilus :halokes natalarep

tala - naulrepek ,rabmag ,silut tala

ayrakarp

naknigniid gnay naagrahgnep kutneB : RM namet helo nakragnedid → akitek

k amiret napacu ,aracibreb p ,hisa ,naiju

drawer


56

GN akitek namet helo nakragnedid →

,naijup ,aracibreb naagrahgnep )naajrekep lisah( ajrekeb akiteK

ZR amiret napacu ,salek kian taas naijup →

irad hisak

,namet lisah padahret naagrahgnep

kana ajrek aggnat hamur sagut utnabmem(

,upaynem itrepes nakhisrebmem

)tog MT ajrekeb akitek naagrahgnep →

,)acak nakhisrebmem( naktapadnem

naijup ,hisak amiret napacu drawer , :ihunepret hadus gnay naagrahgnep kutneB

RM akitek namet helo nakragnedid →

napacu ,aracibreb ,hisak amiret

p drawer ,naiju

GN namet helo nakragnedid → - aynnamet

atnimid akitek agajnem kutnu k sale

k ,ada kadit husagnep akite

gnay ialin tapadnem akitek naijup

kiab ZR amiret napacu naktapadnem hanrep →

naijup ,hisak MT gnaruk tagnas →

ihunepret muleb gnay naagrahgnep kutneB : RM hadus( iagrahid pukuc asarem kejbus →

)ihunepret GN hadus( iagrahid kadit naajrekep →

ipatet ajrekeb )ajrekeb muleb paggnaid ZR hadus( iagrahid kadit naajrekep lisah →

ajrekeb

ipat hisreb nagned kutnu atnimid


66

.c 9( - )21

nahutubeK

naka

namahamep

)igal ignalugnem MT ,hisak amiret napacu ,drawer ,naijuP →

ep naagrahgn

namet irad

naknigniid gnay namahamep kutneB : RM nakpakgnugnem kutnu tapmet ada →

/ utauses akitek( namalagneP atirecreb

hides gnades uata )halasam ada

GN itahesanid /rugetid salam akitek →

tubmel nagned amahamep( n naka

)kana naasarep nad isautis

ZR hides gnades akitek namahamep →

nakasarem tuki gnomap /husagnep(

akitek kana naasarep

kelej ialin naktapadnem kana→ rajaleb taas inametid ,iharamid kadit

MT lem akitek → )ajrekeb( utauses nakuka

katnebid ,iharamid kadit - imahamem( katneb

nad isautis )kana naasarep

ihunepret hadus gnay namahamep kutneB RM nakukalem akitek itahesanid →

tawarem gnay ada tikas akitek ,nahalasek

nad tabo irebmem

GN ek nahunemep → idnam tala nahutub

nakujagnem apnat irebid kejbus(

,)nahutubek naatnimrep imahapid asarem

namet helo

ZR imahapid muleb asarem → MT imahapid muleb asarem →

ihunepret muleb gnay namahamep kutneB : RM kutnu utkaw naktapadnem muleb →

atirecreb / utauses nakpakgnugnem


76

.d 31( - )61

nahutubeK

naka

/naarsemek

natakedek

namalagnep hides gnades akitek(

)halasam ada uata GN nad isautis naka namahamep →

)nakhalasid asarem kana( kana naasarep ZR naasarep nad isautis namahamep →

akitek( kana eb uata kana halasr

nakub itahesanid ,lisahreb muleb

)iharamid

MT nad isautis naka namahamep →

kana naasarep

utnabmem akitek amaturet(

kep hamur naajre hisrebek agajnem→

nagnukgnil t .laggnit tapme

naarsemek kutneB naknigniid gnay : RM nalaj → - /husagnep amasreb nalaj

nad amarkgnecreb ,gnomap

niamreb namet amasreb

GN nad akus namalagnep nakatirecnem →

adapek akud ada( husagneP/gnomap

m /tahesan rebmem gnay d isavito taasi

imalagnem natilusek uata halasam ZR nagned isavitom /nagnorod irebmem →

atak - atak

mel gnay ,tub ,namet nagned nukur

lakan kaggn MT tubmel gnay napatat nad namuynes →

/husagnep irad gnomap nagned naarsemek /natakedek

namet

ihunepret hadus gnay naarsemek kutneB RM amasreb niamreb nad amarkgnecreb →


86

D

D kejbus tapme nagned aracnawaw lisah ira kapmat kutneb awhab

nahutubek naka naitahrep halada naknigni akerem gnay naitahrep

irahes - akereM .irah pudih naulrepek akitek nakitahrepid asarem

irahes - ,utapes ,sat( halokes napakgnelrep itrepes nakirebid irah

tala nad )ukub ,isad ,ikak soak - ,opmahs ,lodo ,nubas( idnam tala

akerem turunem naitahrep naka nahutubeK .)gnuyag ,igig takis

namet GN ihunepret muleb → ZR ihunepret muleb → MT ihunepret muleb →

ihunepret muleb gnay naarsemek kutneB : RM gnecreb → /husagnep nagned amark

gnomap GN nahutnes → - gnay kisif nahutnes

nakgnanenem

)hides taas aynlasim( , atak - gnay atak

,gnanet taubmem nad isavitomem

nad namuynes gnay napatat

tubmel ZR nahutnes → -s gnay kisif nahutne

,)hides taas aynlasim( nakgnanenem atak - nad isavitomem gnay atak

nad namuynes ,gnanet taubmem

napatat tubmel gnay

MT nahutnes → - gnay kisif nahutnes

,nakgnanenem

atak - gnay atak omem nad isavit

nad namuynes ,gnanet taubmem

napatat tubmel gnay


96

.ihunepret pukuc ahil( 1 .on 2 naripmal t - )4 nagned natiakreB

gnay nanigniek ikilimem akerem ,naagrahgnep naka nahutubek

naknigni akerem gnay naagrahgnep kutneB .iagrahid kutnu raseb

.ajrekeb taas naukagnep uata hisak amiret napacu ,naijup halada

K“ d hanrep kaggn uti ajrek uala aynasaib ,utig hisakam uata ijupi

muleb gnalibid ipat hisreb hadus ,ajrek hadus ayas ualak nak

aja patet rB ipat ,!ajrek hadus ayas rB :gnalib ayas surT .ajrek

”ajrek muleb uti ayas ualak gnalib naripmal tahil( 2, 2 kejbus .)

ek ikilimem ini kana tapmeeK malad namahamep nahutub

p kutneB .adebreb gnay kutneb ZR helo naknigniid gnay namahame

aas adap inametid nad itregnemid halada .hides ai t aynialin ualak“

”haram kagggn ,hides tuki kelej )3 kejbus 2 naripmal tahil( . RM

amahamep naknignignem er kutneb malad n .raulek isaerk hadus..“

huaj gnay muleb ipat kajaid - ”..uti huaj )1 kejbus ,2 naripmal tahil(

GN nad MT aratnemes uata itahisanid akitek imahapid asarem

nakukalem akerem taas amaturet tubmel nagned naktagniid

.nahalasek k uata rajaleb salam ayas ualak idaJ“ ,rugetid uti ajre

ualak ipat ,tagnames idaj ayas itnan…nijar uti ayas ayapus

nalep aynrugen - nalep ”…haram kaggn , 3 kejbus ,2 naripmal tahil(

4 nad arsem kutnu nanigniek ikilimem aguj ini kana tapmE .)

napakgnu malad kapmaN ini laH .nial gnaro nagned - apakgnu n

:akerem “S atirec negnep hut aynranebe - B ipat atirec r ualak ut

”haram kaga…huaj irad tahilid 4 kejbus 2 naripmal tahil( .)


07

nahutubek awhab naklupmiynem itilenep sata id naiaru iraD

iraD .amas ripmah sata id kejbus tapme irad gnayas hisak naka

kepsa tapme pukuc hadus naitahrep kepsa ,gnay gnayas hisak

nad ,namahamep ,naagrahgnep kepsa ,uti aratnemeS .ihunepret

naarsemek muleb .ihunepret

.2 gnukudneP kejbuS

,itnap nanipmip halada ini naitilenep malad gnukudnep kejbuS

namrofni nahilimeP .husagnep nad ,gnomap gnukudnep kejbus uata

tapmeek ignipmadnem amal apareb hadus nad satisnetni nakrasadreb

kejbus agit nagned aracnawaw nakukalem itileneP .amatu kejbus

.3102 rebmetpeS 02 nad 91 laggnat adap namrofni uata gnukudnep

.a aracnawaW

aracnawaW P nagned nakukalid gnomaP ,nahusA itnaP nanipmi

.kejbus tapmeek ignipmadnem gnay husagneP nad itilenep alumeS

tain ipatet ,asawed hibel gnay kejbus namet iaracnawawem duskamreb

nagned pukuc hadus asarem itilenep anerak anaskalret kadit uti

gnay husagnep gnaroes iaracnawawem .itnap kana natnam aguj

lisah nakijasid tukireB aracnawaw :namrofni agitek nagned

)1 )itnap nanipmip( 1 namrofnI

awhab nakataynem ,1 namrofni nagned aracnawaw lisaH

raseb gnay nahutubek ikilimem )RM ,ZR ,MT ,GN( kana aumes

nad aut gnaro irad gnayas hisak naka .aynnial asawed gnaro

kana raseb naigabeS“ - ,gnayasid ,nakitahrepid nigni ini kana


17

iaynupmem aumes uti ZR ,RM ,GN ,MT .negnep aynaumes

”nakitahrepid kutnu nanigniek turuneM .)1.on 3 naripmal tahil(

utubek nahunemep inkay naitahrep naka nahutubek 1 namrofni nah

irahes - naiakap ,natahesek ,halokes naulrepek ,nakam itrepes irah

.ihunepret hadus kejbus tapme kutnu irahes nahutubek ualak“ - irah

”ihunepret hadus 2.on 3 naripmal tahil( . - kutneb nupadA .)4

irebid utiay 1 namrofni turunem naknigni akerem gnay namahamep

naruta apnat naraggnolek uata nasabebek - uata rugetid kadit ,naruta

.halas taubreb akitek iharamid naruta ada apnat sabeb aynnigni..“ -

”..nilpisid naruta .)8 nad 6 .on 3 naripmal tahil(

naijup halada naknigni akerem gnay naagrahgnep kutneB

wer nairebmep nad nakukalem malad lisahreb akerem akitek dra

utauses ihunepret muleb ipatet . surt ,lisahreb taas haidah irebid..“

,..gnanes akerem naijup irebid gnusgnal sugab ajrek aynlasim

kaggn anerak kaggn ini ipat haidah irebid arauj ,salek kian ualak

am arauj gnay ada ”..salek kian kaggn gnay ada hal 3 naripmal(

9 .on - tapme kutnu naarsemek naka nahutubek ,uti aratnemeS .)01

akerem anerak MT nad GN amaturet ihunepret muleb ini kejbus

.aut gnaro iaynupmem kadit gnaruk naarsemek naka nahutubeK

d ,ZR ,RM ,GN helo naktapadid uata husagnep irad RM na

raga karaj agajnem kutnu nakukalid gnamem ini laH .gnomap

kana - .nilpisid nad rutaid asib kana nagned ualak gnamem..“

turun uam uti uat hisakid ualak aggnihes karaj ada surah akerem


27

bbad kaggn .”kel .)61 .on 2 naripmal( rofni turuneM akerem ,1 nam

gnadak - gnarab kasurem nad irucnem gnadak - ayapus gnarab

m uata gnomap helo nakitahrepid akere .husagnep gnadak..“

hena taubmem - uata gnomap helo nakitahrepid ayapus hena

”..gnarab kasurem ,irucnem aynlasim ,husagnep .on 3 naripmal(

.)41

sadreB ah nakra ,1namofni nagned aracnawaw lis itilenep

kana awhab imahamem gnaruk gnipmadnep awhab naklupmiynem

.idabirp araces naapas nad naitahrep nakhutubmem gnipmadneP

,kejbus tapme padahret mumu araces naitahrep nakirebmem hadus

muleb lanosrep araces ipatet p anerak gnaruk gnipmadne

k imahamem .lanosrep araces kana nahutubek nad kitsiretkara

)2 )gnomap( 2 namrofnI

kutnu nanigniek ikilimem ini kejbus tapme ,2 namrofni turuneM

itrepes halada naknigni akerem gnay naitahrep kutneB .nakitahrepid

asib gnay kapab gnaroes asib gnay ubi itrepes ;nilpisid ,rutagnem

asib gnay namet itrepes nad ;hides akerem akitek imahamem

.adnacreb nad niamreb ,nahutubmem akerem taas utnabmem gnay..“

namet iulalem naitahrep nakhutub akerem gnilap - reb namet ,niam

ikip ayas idaj ,..adnacreb m r gnanes uata hutub hibel ini akere

”niamreb 1.on 3 naripmal( . - .)3

mem aguj ini kejbus tapmeeK kutnu nanigniek ikili

.ihamapid kadit gnay GN itrepes ,kana aumes aynrasad adap..“


37

kutnu hutub ai ubi gnaroes hisak helo hutnesret hanrep

dit iksem ,MT..iamahapid nahutubek ada ipat kalonem ,uam ka

”..uti kutnu . halada naknigni akerem gnay namahamep kutneB

hides gnades akitek namahamep ,idabirp araces natakednep

nial isautis uata isaerker kutnu naudnirek ,)urug helo iharamid(

5.on 3 naripmal( itnap raul id - aiteS .)8 ikilimem kana p

naknigniid gnay naagrahgnep kutneB .iagrahid kutnu nanigniek

,tagnames uata nagnorod irebmem halada ini kejbus tapme helo

namet irad naagrahgnep nad ,hisak amiret napacu ,naijup

( niamreb taas adap itrepes 3 naripmal 9 .on - kutneB .)21

rsemek ubi gnaroes itrepes halada naknigni akerem gnay naa

,sulegnem ,gnodneggnem gnay nad naarsemeK .gnednagid

namet iulalem ini kejbus tapme helo naktapadid - .aynnamet

41.on( - )61 .

)3 )husagnep( 3 namrofnI

nanigniek ikilimem ini kejbus tapme ,3 namrofni turuneM

aseb nakitahrepid kutnu r . akerem gnay naitahrep kutneB

.rajaleb taas ignipmadid ,apasid nigni ,niamreb halada naknigni

ilaucek ihunepret hadus ZR nad ,RM ,MT ,GN kutnu naitahreP

takab malad naitahrep - .kana takab hadus naitahrep ualak..“

tahrep ,ihunepret pukuc .”..kaynab pukuc hadus aynnai ( tahil

1 .on 3 naripmal - )4 . 3 namrofni helo gnay naitahrep kutneB

tahil( .ihunepret muleb kejbus turunem ,ihunepret hadus


47

.)2 naripmal asib..sabeb asib gnanes uti ada kaggn rB ualak..“

nalaj - olgoJ hamur id naniam ,raulek nalaj ”.. 2 naripmal(

.)2 kejbus “ tikides nagnaj ipat ,aayi.. - haram ,haram tikides

”..suret .)3 kejbus 2 naripmal(

irebid halada naknigni akerem gnay namahamep kutneB

taas adap hotnoc irebid nad raulek isaerker nad niamreb utkaw

l nakhisrebmem utnabmem( ajrekeb turuneM .)itnap nagnukgni

taas ignipmadid nad hotnoc irebid kana akitek ,3 namrofni

kana akitek adap irad tagnamesreb hibel naka akerem ajrekeb

aguj akereM .)8 nad 6.on( .)hurusid gnusgnal( hatnirepid aynah

ijupid :itrepes iagrahid kutnu nanigniek ikilimem akitek

nalaj kajaid ,sugab aynialin - nakukalem hadus ualak nalaj

01 .on( .kiab nagned aynsagut - ,3 namrofni turuneM .)11

)21.on( gnaruk hisam ini kejbus tapme kutnu naagrahgnep

apmujreb gnaraj ZR nad RM .naarsemek nagned aguj utigeb

akerem aut gnaro nagned hanrep kadit MT nad GN aratnemes

31 .on( akerem aut gnaro lanegnem - .)61

nad ,gnomap ,nanipmip nagned aracnawaw lisah iraD

adap gnayas hisak awhab naklupmiynem itilenep ,husagnep

kana - adap naitahrep irebmem atik akitek halada kana

rahgnem ,kana nahutubek nakukalrepmem nad ,imahamem ,iag

asarem naka kanA .tubmel uata arsem nagned kana

ihunemem husagnep uata aut gnaro akitek nakitahrepid


57

irahes akerem nahutubek - iagrahid asarem naka akereM .irah

naka aguj kanA .drawer nad naijup irebid akerem akitek

d asarem taas adap inametid ,itregnemid akerem akitek imahapi

,natilusek imalagnem gnades akerem taas adap ,hides akerem

akerem akitek nad ,tubmel nagned itahesanid akerem taas adap

irahes hamur naajrekep nakajregnem malad hotnoc irebid - irah

ebmem ,upaynem aynlasim ,hapmas gnaubmem ,acak nakhisr

nataigek nad ,gnirip icuc - .aynnial nataigek

kanak aisU - nahusA itnaP id laggnit gnay rihka kanak

gnaro uata aut gnaro irad gnayas hisak nakhutubmem tagnas

ihunepret hadus gnay gnayas hisak kepsA .aynnial asawed

utubek halada nahutubek nahunemep( naitahrep naka nah

irahek - asarem naka akereM .)niamreb nahutubek ,irah

.niamreb kutnu naraggnolek irebid akerem akitek nakitahrepid

b nahutubeK kanak aisu irid malad raseb tagnas niamre - .kanak

t ini laH kutnu raseb gnay tanim malad kapma ,niamreb

.niamreb kutnu nakanugid aynutkaw raseb naigabes aggnihes

akaM adapek iskefa nahutubek nakirebmem tapad gnipmadnep ,

.kana amasreb niamreb kutnu utkaw nakgnaulem nagned kana

gnayas hisak kepsa utas halas nakapurem naagrahgneP

hunepret gnaruk gnay kutneB .akerem irid malad id i

naktapadnem halada naknigni akerem gnay naagrahgnep

iaseles akerem akitek drawer nad naijup uata nahugenep


67

sagut nakanaskalem - nakhisrebmem aynlasim itnap id sagut

nakukalem malad id lisahreb akitek uata itnap nagnukgnil

uses .salek nakianek taas aynlasim uta ,itilenep turuneM

ayngnitnep imahamem muleb gnipmadnep nahunemep

ahutubek kana irid adap naagrahgnep n turunem aggnihes

.ajrekeb salam kana awnab gnipmadnep hadus imak..“

kadit ,salam ,irucnem akerem gnadak ipatet ,imahamem

.”..sabeb nigni nad nilpisid .)1 namrofni 3 naripmal tahil(

naktapadnem gnaruk akerem kana turunem aratnemeS

.naagrahgnep ajrek hadu ,ijupid hanrep kaggn ajrek ualak“

”..ajrek muleb gnalibid .)2 kejbus 2 naripmal( pal utkaw..“

gnalib kadit ,niharamid acak ”..hisak amiret 2 naripmal(

.)4 kejbus

nakhab gnaruk naarsemek ,utiay gnayas hisak kepsA

irad nupuam gnudnak aut gnaro irad naktapadid muleb

.husagnep ualak aynah ,gnaraj hisam uti autgnaro irad ualak“

amas MT ipat..ilakes nuhat 2 gnadak hamur ek gnalup uti GN

.”!..hanrep muleb ,namrofni agitek irad tapadnep turuneM

naarsemek halada naknigni akerem gnay naarsemek kutneb

akerem kadit gnamem ubi gnaroes naarsemeK .ubi gnaroes irad

kadit iyab kajes gnay ada nakhab licek kajes anerak naktapad

lanegnem hanrep .akerem ubi 31 on 3 naripmal tahil( - .)61

,gnodnegid ,ialebid kutnu nanigniek ikilimem akereM


77

namalagnep nakatirecnem ,kepser hunep nagned nakragnedid

uata taked kutnu nanigniek nad ,akerem akerem akud nad akus

lorep akerem tubesret naarsemek kutneB .tagnah namet irad he -

itnap halolegnep kahiP .asawed hibel gnay akerem namet

kana nagned karaj libmagnem gnamem - nagned itnap kana

kana raga duskam - .rutaret nad nilpisid kidid asib kana

.C nasahabmeP

naitilenep lisah nakrasadreB tapme padahret ini tukireb ,kejbus

d nakrapapi narabmag kepsa gnatnet - gnayas hisak kepsa nakrasadreb

aracnawaw namodep .tsorD nad mmorF hcirE iroet adap ucagnem gnay

.1 naitahrep naka nahutubeK

irad naitahrep nakhutubmem ini kana tapmeek aynmumu adaP

p nad gnomap irad susuhk araces nial gnaro gne husa . akereM

em p uata gnomap naknignign amaturet naitahrep irebmem husagne

irahes nahutubek nahunemep malad - irah . irahes nahutubek nupadA -

,niamreb ,munim ,nakam halada nakparah akerem gnay irah

as utkaw tawarid nad ,halokes napakgnelrep ,idnam napakgnelerep .tik

ihunepret muleb gnay nahutubek awhab asarem kana tapme irad agiT

aynmumu adaP .halokes naulrepek uata napakgnelrep halada

tahil( .ihunepret hadus akerem turunem naitahrep naka nahutubek

)2 naripmal


87

.2 naagrahgnep naka nahutubeK

K nem tagnas kejbus tapmee .naagrahgnep nakhutubmem nad naknignig

napacu ,naijup halada naknigni akerem gnay naagrahgnep kutneB

,upaynem aynlasim naajrekep nakukalem akerem akitek hisak amiret

.hapmas gnaubmem nad ,acak nakhisrebmem ,namanat imariynem

taugnep nakhutubmem aguj akereM aynlasim lisahreb akerem akitek na

malad nupuam adneb apureb asib haidah irebid salek nakianek taas

naka nahutubeK .halokes napakgnelrep aynlasim nial gnay kutneb

aynmumu adap ini kejbus tapmeek adap naagrahgnep ihunepret muleb .

kadit asarem kana aynlasiM .ajrekeb akitek iagrahid ayas gnadak..“

”..ajrekeb muleb gnalibid ipat ajrekeb hadus . )2 naripmal adap tahil(

.3 namahamep naka nahutubeK

ikilimem ini kejbus tapmeeK namahamep naka nahutubek numan

naktapad akerem muleb . sagnep uata gnomap naknignignem akereM hu

rednim nad ,ulam ,tukat pakiS .akerem nahutubek imahamem asib

gnay apa nakpakgnugnem kutnu inareb kadit akerem taubmem

kutneB .kana iagabes akerem naparah uata nahutubek idajnem

inametid nad imahapid :itrepes naknigni akerem gnay namahamep

es taas adap utkaw adap nignipmadid ,isaerker kutnu utkaw irebid ,hid

.nahalasek nakukalem akerem akitek sulah nagned itahesanid ,ajrekeb

K ihunepret muleb ini kejbus tapmeek namahamep naka nahutube tahil(

)2 naripmal adap .


97

.4 naarsemek naka nahutubeK

t akerem aynmumu adaP naarsemek namalagnep ikilimem kadi

gnaro lanegnem kadit gnay kejbus audek amaturet aut gnaro nagned

kutnu nanigniek ikilimem kejbus tapmeeK .iyab kajes akerem aut

nanigniek irad aynlasim pakgnuret ini laH .nial gnaro nagned arsem

s namalagnep igabreb kutnu naasarep ,nial gnaro nagned akud nad aku

suleid nad nakitahrepid akitek namayn nad gnanes - ,tikas taas adap sule

.tubmel nagned itahesanid kutnu nanigniek aynada ,numaN kutneb -

uti naarsemek kutneb gnipmadnep irad aynnaktapadnem gnaruk

nep ,gnomap ,nanipmip( .)husag atirec negnep ut aynranebes“ - atirec

rad tahilid ualak ut rB ipat ,rB amas i gnaraj ,haram kaga huaj

”..umat ada sap ualak aynmuynes ,muynes . ikilimem hisam gnay auD

.ubi nagned natakedek nad naarsemek nakasarem hibel aut gnaro

m ini naarsemek kutneB aktapad akere namet irad irad n - .akerem namet

)2 naripmal tahil( . adap naarsemek naka nahutubek ,itilenep turuneM

.ihunepret muleb kejbus tapme

.D sisilanA

arac macam aparebeb naktubeynem ,)8991 ,tsorD malad( relliM

gnayas hisak nakpakgnugnem kutnu aut gnaro )1 :utiay ,kana adapek

,namuynes ,nakulep ,namuic :itrepes kisif araces nahutnes iulaleM

,naparas nakpaisrepmem ,tikas utkaw tawareM )2 ;kadnup kupenem

,amasreb ajrekeb ,amasreb iynaynreB )3 ;hisreb naiakap nakaideynem


08

masreb aodreb ,amasreb awatret a )4 ; ,tahisan ,tagnames irebmeM

,kana nataigek adapek tanim huraneM )6 ;ayahab padahret ignudnilem

nad ,ijumem ,namuynes irebmeM )7 ;akubret idub nagned ragnednem

gnay naukalek ikiabrepmeM )8 ;kiab gnay nadalet irebmem nad rajagnem

at asar nakgnalihgnem ,halas ,agirucnem apnat isawagneM )9 ;tuk

.nahusumrep apnat nilpisid ,rutagnem apnat gnibmibmem turuneM

nakpakgnuid gnay apa ,itilenep helo pukuc muleb relliM helo naktapadid

ini naitilenep malad kejbus tapme muleb ilakes amas gnay ada nakhab

akerem naktapadid ad .husagnep nad gnomap ir

K namrofni agite amasreb pudih gnay tapmeek ignipmadnem nad

kejbus tapadnepreb awhab kana aynmumu adap - kana ini nakhutubmem

aynnial asawed gnaro uata aut gnaro irad gnayas hisak . aynaumes..“

.autgnaro irad gnayas hisak hutub ,negnep kadit gnay MT amas GN ,.

namet tahilem ualak autgnaro aynup - aynautgnaro ignujnukid aynnamet

”!..anamig aaay..iipat hides natahilek . utnu nanignieK naktapadnem k

n ini gnayas hisak ,naitahrep utiay kepsa aparebeb malad kapma

rsemek nad ,namahamep ,naagrahgnep .naa

,itilenep turuneM sata id tubesret relliM tapadnep naigab nakapurem

numan namrofni helo nakpakgnuid gnay gnayas hisak kepsa irad muleb

.oroB nahusA itnaP id nakparetid gnay naagrahgnep kepsa ,uti aratnemeS

apme naktapadid muleb mmorF helo nakakumekid malad kejbus t

.ini naitilenep akerem itamrohgnem halada mmorF turunem naagrahgneP

malad ada gnay nakinuek alages iradaynem nagned ,aynada anamiagabes


18

nad hubmut raga nial gnaro nakitahrepmem atres ,tubesret gnaro irid

dnes aynirid nagned iauses gnabmekreb .iri

ini kejbus tapme ignipmadnem gnay husagnep nad gnomap turuneM

seb nagnurednecek awhab gnadak .niamreb halada akerem tanim ra - gnadak

gnay namet amasreb niamreb ,amasreb alob kapes niamreb akerem

.iridnes niamreb aynalakada nad ,adebreb adait aynitrepeS apnat irah

kutnu utauses nakatpicnem malad id fitaerk ulales akereM .niamreb

uggnem akerem nakam taas adap aynlasiM .niamreb kutnu kodnes nakan

.naniam raggnol gnay utkaw irebid akitek ihamapid asarem naka akereM

.niamreb kutnu

ek ikilimem ini kejbus tapmE raseb tagnas gnay tanim nad nanigni

id niamreb hisam akerem malam nakam haduses nakhaB .niamreb malad

namet amasreb nagnapal - itnehreb kutnu atnimid akiteK .aynnamet

itnehreb areges kadit akerem ,rajaleb kutnu aynutkaw anerak niamreb

mreb suret hisam ipatet gnomap helo katnebid akitek itnehreb urab nad nia

“ : namrofni irad napakgnU .husagnep uata apnat irah adait aynitrepeS

kutnu utauses nakatpicnem malad id fitaerk ulales akereM .niamreb

niamreb )2.on 3 naripmal( ” , niamreb akerem“ - ruget ayas ,suret niam

usen ”.

,itilenep turuneM urilek gnay husa alop nagned karaj agajnem itrepes

kana ,gnayas hisak naktapadnem gnaruk kana aggnihes naklubminem

kutneb - paggnaid asawed gnaro helo gnay kana adap ukalirep kutneb

pes kana tapme ukalireP .kana nalakanek kutneb iagabes ,irucnem :itre


28

gnay irah gnajnapes niamreb ,iridnes irid nakgnitnemem ,gnarab kasurem

kepsa irad isakidni halada )3 naripmal tahil( namrofni helo nakpakgnuid

nalajes ini laH .kejbus irid malad ihunepret muleb gnay gnayas hisak

nakpakgnuid gnay apa nagned gnay kana awhab )1102( rahsaM helo

tanim gnaruk nad ,lakan ,fiserga hibel kapmat naka iskefa nagnarukek

ro padahret uH ,nagned alup utigeB .nial gna nakpakgnugnem )1991( kcolr

nakharagnem gnurednec hibel gnayas hisak narapalek gnay kana awhab

dapek naitahrep nakpakgnugnem malad fiserga ukalirepreb ,iridnes irid a

.tutnunem akus nad ,nial gnaro nakitahrepmem gnaruk ,nalasekek

uti anerak helO , husagnep nad gnomap ulrep nakparenem husa alop

kutnu laedi gnay nahunemep utnabmem nahutubek .gnayas hisak

( anairotciV laedi gnay epit iagabes evitatirohtua epit naktubeynem ,)2102

nad tagnah pakisreb autgnaro anamiD .kana padahret nahusagnep malad

nagned kana nakiladnegnem patet numan ,kana padahret evisnopser

naruta - .iridnam kutnu kana gnorodnem atres rajaw gnay naruta

S helo nakpakgnuid gnay nahutubek ikrarih malad ,uti aratneme

ihunepid surah amatrep level adap adareb gnay nahutubek awhab wolsaM

asadreB .aynsata id ada gnay nahutubek urab uluhad hibelret nakr ikrarih

olsaM nahutubek w ap adareb gnayas hisak naka nahutubek , .akitek level ad

naka nahutubek nad sigoloisif nahutubek awhab nakatakid tapad aggniheS

.ihunepret muleb nama asar awhab naklupmisid tapad uti anerak helO

id kana tapme adap nama asar naka nahutubek nad sigoloisif nahutubek

.ihunepret muleb sata


38

nal hibeL nad ,namdeerF ,sraeS malad( trennilK nad revahS tuj

idajret alibapa lucnum naka nama asar awhab naktubeynem )5891 ,ualpeP

gnaro nagned nakgnaneynem gnay nagnubuh - taked gnay gnaro

.aynnagned hakgnalem kana taubmem naka helorepid gnay nama naasareP

ed raulek .irid ayacrep asar nagn ini naitilenep malad kejbus agiT muleb

gnaneynem gnay nagnubuh ikilimem .husagnep nad gnomap nagned nak

.rednim nad ,ulam ,tukat asarem gnay kana irid malad kapmat ini laH

nagned natiakreB autgnaro isgnuf “ anasaus atpicnep iagabes h emo ”

,)1991 idamhA malad( ylyukreV helo nakakumekid gnay autgnaro isgnuf

“ anasaus atpicnep iagabes emoh kejbus tapmeek igab ” ini naitilenep muleb

anaskalret . anasauS emoh halada ylyukrev turunem kana anam id anasaus

nakasarem ,rubus nagned gnabmekreb tapad ,gnayas hisak ,naarsemek

hamarek at .nama asarem nad ,naham

.E namukgnaR

sata id naitilenep lisah nakrasadreB menem itilenep , lah aparebeb naku

:utiay ,gnitnep

.1 hadus naitilenep kejbus tapmeek kutnu naitahrep naka nahutubeK

knignignem kejbus tapmE .ihunepret naitahrep naka nahutubek na

irahes nahutubek nahunemep kutneb malad - naulrepek :itrepes irah

,munim ,nakam kcans nad halokes napakgnelrep ,naiakap ,

.idnam napakgnelrep


48

.2 nad husagnep nagned taked kutnu nanigniek ikilimem kejbus tapmE

asib muleb ipatet gnomap P .akerem nanigniek nakdujuwem gnoma

gnaruk aggnihes kana nagned karaj agajnem husagnep nad

,naapas ,namuynes nakirebmem d .kana adapek tubmel gnay tahisan na

.3 tapad akitek naijup halada naknigni akerem gnay naagrahgnep kutneB

,kiab nagned utauses nakukalem nairebmep nad ,hisak amiret napacu

naka nahutubek naktapadnem muleb kejbus tapme irad agiT .drawer

.ini naagrahgnep

.4 imahapid kutnu nanigniek ikilimem ini naitilenep malad kejbus aumeS

husagnep helo . halada nakparah akerem gnay namahamep kutneB

nad imahapid ,isaerker kutnu utkaw irebid ,hides taas adap inametid

akitek tubmel nagned itahisanid nad ,ajrekeb utkaw adap ignipmadid

.nahalasek nakukalem akerem gnay namahamep naka nahutubeK

.ihunepret muleb ini nakparah


58

V BAB

PUTUNEP

misek taumem ini baB nagnabmus ,naitilenep nasatabretek ,nalup

.naras nad ,naitilenep

.A nalupmiseK

naklupmisid tapad ,nasahabmep nad naitilenep lisah nakrasadreB

awhab kejbus tapme naitilenep gnayas hisak nakhutubmem tagnas sata id

.aut gnaro irad emem hadus husagnep ini amaleS ihun malad nahutubek

,nakam nahutubek ipukucnem nagned kisif nahutubek naitahrep kutneb

tala itrepes nial gnay naulrepek nad ,naiakap ,munim - kepsA .idnam tala -

muleb naarsemek nad ,naagrahgnep :namahamep utiay nial gnay kepsa

.helorep akerem

husagnep araP bawajnem kutnu autgnaro iagabes narep libmagnem

.akerem gnayas hisak nahutubek /gnomap nad kana halmuj nagnidnabreP

kepsa aparebeb nahutubek nahunemep malad aladnek idajnem husagnep

nagned iskaretnireb kaynab hibel kana ,uti aratnemeS .gnayas hisak

amases kutnu raseb nagnurednecek ikilimem akereM .itnap id kana

namet amasreb niamreb - tapad ini isautis ,uti anerak helO .aynnamet

kana irid malad gnayas hisak uata iskefa nakhubmunem kutnu nakanugid -

nad nakirebmem utnabmem gnilas tapad kana amaseS .kana

hubmunem .akerem irid malad gnayas hisak nak


68

nad L nawaiteS malad( kcolruH helo nakpakgnuid anamiagabeS

kana husagnem nad tawarem gnay gnaro awhab ,)1002 illepuS sabA

,akerem igab autgnaro iagabes kadnitreb naka nahusa itnapid

O .aynhuggnuses autgnaro nakitnaggnem patet husagnep ,uti anerak hel

ihunemem nad bawajnem kutnu narepreb gnay gnitnep kejbus nakapurem

kana irid malad gnayas hisak nahutubek - .husa kana

.B naitileneP nasatabreteK

halada ini naitilenep nasatabreteK tikides itiletid gnay kana halmuj

aggnihes rep kana padahret naitilenep ada ul - .nial gnay kana P aguj itilene

agraulek isautis nad gnakaleb ratal ilaggnem gnaruk . ,uti anerak helO

idajnem gnay agraulek gnakaleb ratal itilenem kutnu naklusugnem itilenep

isak naka nahutubek aynihunepret kadit halasam raka malad id gnayas h

.akerem irid

pukuc gnay utkaw nakhutubid lamiskam gnay lisah iapacnem kutnU

gnisam adapek natakednep nad amal - hibel akerem aggnihes kejbus gnisam

huranem tapad nad idabirp namalagnep nakpakgnugnem sabeb

itilenep adapek naayacrepek ialeS . amaturet itilenep naupmamek ,uti n

,naidajek ,awitsirep kilab id ankam ilaggnem malad nailejek nad naitiletek

napakgnu - tagnas kejbus napakgnu satabret . itilenep asahab nagnajneseK

kana asahab nagned - naaynatreP .hadum kadit isakinumok taubmem kana -

aaynatrep nad sukof gnaruk ini naitilenep malad aracnawaw naudnap n

.kartsba gnurednec asahab


78

naitilenep halada ini naitileneP asib gnay fitatilauk nakanuggnem

aynkiab ada aguj ,numaN .atad nalibmagnep kutnu kinket aparebeb

tala nagned ipakgnelid aynnapedek alibapa pakgnugnem kutnu susuhk set

aggnihes kana adap gnayas hisak nahutubek .fitatilauk atad ipakgnelem

.C naitileneP nagnabmuS

gnatnet naakatsupek isamrofni irebmem ini naitilenep lisaH

adap gnayas hisak nahutubek nagned natiakreb gnay fitatilauk naitilenep

kana - kana p id adapek isamrofni irebmem aguj ini naitileneP .nahusa itna

itilenep kana ignipmadnem anamiagab - itnap id naksagutid alibapa kana

sam irebmem aguj ini naitilenep ,uti nialeS .nahusa arap adapek naku

husagnep kana ignipmadnem malad - nahusa itnap id kana .

.D U nalus P nagnipmadne

U nalus kutnu nagnipmadnep kana - halada oroB nahusa itnap id kana

.tukireb iagabes

.1 idabirp nagnibmiB lawdajret gnay gnipmadnep halmuj tagnigneM .

1 nakukalid tapad idabirp nagnibmib ,akam gnaruk gnay - nalub 2

akes ed kana paites kutnu il salej gnay lawdaj magn lanegnem kutnu

lanosrep araces kana imahamem nad .

.2 amasreb niamreb tuki kutnu utkaw nakgnaulem gnipmadneP

kana nagned - nahutubek nakirebmem kutnu arac iagabes kana


88

.kana adapek iskefa adnep ,agar halo maj taas adap aynlasiM gnipm

tuki .husagnep nagned taked hibel kana raga kana amasreb niamreb

.3 gnalu naayarep aracA natapmesek iagabes nakanugid kutnu

kana irid malad iskefa nakhubmunem nakadnegaid ulrep akaM .

nad isrepid nad gnipmadnep helo salej gnay margorp nagned nakpa

uki k malad atres t .iatnicid asarem kana aggnihes tubesret nataige

.4 nipmipret isaerkeR nad ilakes nalub utas kiab nagned nakpaisrepid .

nipmipret isaerker malad atres tuki gnipmadneP paisrepid gnay nak

.kana helo

.5 naagrahgnep nahutubek nahunemep kutnu nanayalep naabmolreP .

nomaP ep nakmumugnem husagnep uata g paites id ayngnanem

malad agrahreb naasarep nakhubmunem naujut nagned nalub lawa

.kana irid

.6 nahisrebek agajnem naabmolreP ngnanemep nad nakmumuid ay

nakirebmem husagneP .amasreb isaerker taas adap drawer adapek

sahreb gnay kana .nalub utas amales nahisrebek agajnem li naujuT

kana isavitomem kutnu ini nataigek nad nahutubek naktapadnem

.husagnep irad naagrahgnep naka

.E nagnipmadneP kipoT nalusU

nalusu iraD - ,akam sata id tubesret nalusu naklusugnem itilenep kipot

nagnibmib idabirp - laisos kutnu utnabmem kana - kana malad ihunemem

nahutubek akerem gnayas hisak naka . m nad idabirp nagnibmib kipoT ledo


98

nagnibmib aynnaanaskalep malad nad anahredes kutneb malad taub id

igab tapet gnay utkaw nad isautis nagned nakiausesid tapad kana - kana .

usU nal nagnibmib ini nad naanrupmeynep imalagnem kutnu akubret

nahutubek iauses nahaburep kana - ,airaM atcnaS nahusA itnaP id kana

oroB nalusu ,itilenep naparaH . nagnibmib tapad ini igab anugreb

.kana padahret gnayas hisak nahutubek nahunemep

ledoM nagnibmib i krasadreb taubid in naitilenep lisah na

nususid nad kepsa paites nakrasadreb - k kepsa turunem gnayas hisa

.tsorD nad mmorF hcirE

idabirp nagnibmiB

utubeK nah kana namahamep nad nalanegneP :

naujuT kana kitsiretkarak iuhategnem kutnu :

anaraS : atrep namodep .kana kitsiretkarak ianegnem naayn

anaskaleP husagnep ,gnomaP :

tujnal kadnit anacneR kana kutnu gnilesnoK :

.awsis kitsiretkarak ilaggnem kutnu naaynatrep namodep hotnoC

umak aboC .iaseles muleb gnay tamilak aparebeb ada ini hawab iD

ed iauses nakiaseles !ini taas umnarikimep nad tapadnep ,naadaek nagn

.a …ukirid awhab asarem ukA

.b .…uka nial gnaro turuneM

.c …alib aigahab tagnas ukA

.d …alib hides tagnas ukA

.e kiab ukA …malad .f …icnebmem ukA .g …naka ritawahk ukA .h …nigni ukA .i …uam kadit ukA .j nakhutubmem ukA …


09

isnerefer rebmuS : .7002 .atanidamkuS gnilesnoK nad nagnibmiB

awsiS naidabirpeK nad isnetoP nakgnabmegneM ketkarP malad .

ortseaM :gnudnaB .

.a kepsA naitahreP

nagnipmadnep ledoM .niamreb kopmolek malad nagnipmadnep :

:nahutubeK iskefa

:naujuT k ihunemem utnabmem skefa nahutube i kana adap nad ,

nad gnomap nagned taked nad barka kutnu kana utnabmem

.husagnep

:edoteM )nipmipret( amasreb isaerker nad niamreB

.b kepsA naagrahgneP

nagnipmadnep ledoM .naabmolrep malad nagnipmadnep :

:nahutubeK nad iridnes irid irad naagrahgnep helorepmem irad

)husagnep /gnomap( nial gnaro

:naujuT padahret naagrahgnep irebmem kutnu kana utnabmeM

iridnes irid nad nial gnaro irad naagrahgnep helorepmem

)husagnep /gnomap(

:edoteM naabmolreP lah naagrahgnep - fitisop lah naagrahgnep(

apek gnomap helo nakirebid )lisahreb gnay kana ad

:rebmuS .7991 .eryE drahciR & adniL ialiN nakrajagneM - ialin

kanA adapeK . J .amatU akatsuP aidemarG :atraka


19

.c kepsA namahameP

licek kopmolek nagnipmadnep :nagnipmadnep ledoM

:nahutubeK aynnaasarep nakpakgnugnem kutnu naupmamek

dapek .nial gnaro a

:kipoT nalusU

.nial gnaro nad irid isome ilanegneM

:naujuT isome ilanegnem kana utnabmeM - adap sulut gnay isome

nial gnaro nad iridnes irid atres naasarepreb awhab iuhategnem

.nial gnaro adapek nakatirecid alib aguj ,rajaw uti naikimed

doteM e : “ atirecreb inoT liceK nagnohobeK mimotnaP naniamreP ,”

:rotakidnI unem tapad kanA nad aynnakasarid gnay isome nakkujn

.rujuj araces aynnaasarep nakpakgnugnem

:isaulavE

nad atirec nakragnednem haletes umnaasarep anamiagaB

?mimotnap niamreb

las nakatireC !imala umak hanrep gnay naasarep utas ha


kanA adapeK . .amatU akatsuP aidemarG :atrakaJ

.d kepsA naarsemeK

nagnipmadnep ledoM gnalu naayarep adap nagnipmadnep :

.nuhat

:nahutubeK iskefa


29

edoteM : ayareP amasreb nuhat gnalu na


kanA adapeK .amatU akatsuP aidemarG :atrakaJ .

.F naraS

naraS - iagabes ini naitilenep malad nakireb itilenep tapad gnay naras

:tukireb

.1 nahusa itnap alolegnep igaB

itnaP nanipmiP nakitahrepmem raga nakajibek taubmem malad

margorp - margorp kana nahutubek ilaggnem akgnar malad

nagnipmadnep nad naitahrep naktakgninem idabirp natiakreb gnay

nahutubek nahunemep amaturet ,itnap kana nagnabmekrep nagned

.gnayas hisak

.2 igaB husagnep arap

P hakgnal nakitahrepmem raga gnomap nad husagnep ara - hakgnal

kana utnabmem tapad kutnu tapet gnay nagnipmadnep - malad kana

gnayas hisak naka nahutubek ihunemem idabirp nagnibmib iulalem

.kopmolek nad

.3 nial itilenep nad acabmep arap igaB

ep awhab radas itileneP akaM .nagnarukek kaynab hisam ini naitilen

nakgnabmegnem nigni gnay nial itilenep igab naknaraynem itilenep

hibel raga ,ini kipot ilej nad nuket tahilem id ankam uata itra kilab


39

ukalirep nad ,napakgnu ,awitsirep iapmas naitilenep kejbus

asam raka nakumenem imalaid gnay hal .kejbus helo


49

AKATSUP RATFAD

.4002 .losiwlA .naidabirpeK igolokisP sserP MMU :gnalaM .

.9002 .A ,idamhA laisoS igolokisP atpiC akeniR :atrakaJ . .

:halokeS .8991.,M.G.I.J ,tsorD ?kididneM uata rajagneM :atrakaygoY .inaK suis .

morF m .2002 .E , gnivoL fo trA ehT ’ifayS :asahab hilA .kooB hserF :atrakaJ .

ahleilA

.8002 .tsieF .J yrogerG & ,.J ,tsieF ytilanosreP fo seiroehT .maneeK isidE ..rajaleP aketsuP :atrakaygoY .liF.S ,osotnaS iduY helo nakhamejretiD

991 .B .E ,kcolruH .1 gnajnapeS natakedneP utauS :nagnabmekreP igolokisP

.napudiheK gnatneR tnayadiwitsI helo nakhamejretiD .amileK isidE ilsa ukub irad owrajdeoS &i efil A :ygolohcysP latnempoleveD

hcaorppA .aggnalrE :atrakaJ .

.0102 .H ,haysnaidreH uK naitileneP igolodoteM umlI kutnu fitatila - umlilaisoS akinamuH abmelaS :atrakaJ . .

.7991 .eryE drahciR & adniL ialiN nakrajagneM - kanA adapeK ialin :atrakaJ .

.amatU akatsuP aidemarG

.1102 .R ,rahsaM .aynnagnabmegneP igetartS nad iniD aisU kanA isomE aideM adanerP :atrakaJ .

loM .1002 .yxeL .J ,gnoe fitatilauK naitileneP igolodoteM ajameR :gnudnaB .

ayrakadsoR .

02 . 31 . fitatilauK naitileneP igolodoteM ajameR :gnudnaB .ayrakadsoR .

.5002 .otnaiduS rukA & ,.H.A.J ,nasirhuN nad nagnibmiB nemejanaM

nilesnoK IM/DS id g ipakI atoggnA odnisarG :atrakaJ . .

.0991 .H.B ,omonruP kanA ainuD imahameM - kana ujaM radnaM . .

.6002 .S ettolrahC ailuY yzuS & ,.Y ,initsaytniR 2 gnilesnoK nad nagnibmiBIIIV saleK PMS kutnu aggnalrE :atrakaJ . .

5891 .ualpeP nad ,namdeerF ,sraeS . laisoS igolokisP .1 diliJ amileK isidE .

aggnalrE :atrakaJ .


59

.AJAMERARP ADAP NAMA ASAR“ .1002 .illepuS sabA nad ,.L ,nawaiteS nad autgnaro agned laggnit gnay ajamerarp aratna nagnidnabrep idutS

atrakaJ ,tamarK natamaceK adap ,nahusa itna pid laggnit gnay .”tasuP haimlI lanruJ malaD SISENORHP rebmeseD ,6 romon ,3 emuloV .

39 namalah ,1002 - .99

.2002 .S.M ,iefayS kanA kididneM anamiagaB aisenodniI ailahG :atrakaJ . .

.7002 .nhoJ.W ,kcortnaS kanA nagnabmekreP diliJ .salebeseK isidE .aR aliM helo nakhamejretiD.1 luduj irad itnawsuK annA &itawamc

ilsa tnempoleveD dlihC aggnalrE :atrakaJ . .

.7002 .atanidamkuS ketkarP malad gnilesnoK nad nagnibmiBawsiS naidabirpeK nad isnetoP nakgnabmegneM ortseaM :gnudnaB . .

.0102 .onoyiguS atakedneP :fitatilauK naitileneP imahameM ,fitatitnauK n

D&R nad ,fitatilauK atebaflA :gnudnaB . .

.1102 . nakididneP naitileneP edoteM atebaflA :gnudnaB . .

.8002 nirihoT hasardaM halokeS id gnilesnoK nad nagnibmiB :atrakaJ .adasreP odnifarGajaR .

utgnarO nareP“ .2102 .E ,anairotciV naidabirpeK nagnabmegneP malad a

anA J malaD ”.isasilabolG arE adap k haimlI lanru TINEZ . ,1 emuloV39 namalah ,2102 sutsugA ,2 romon - .99

.4002 .itutsaH irS .M.M & S.W ,lekniW id gnilesnoK nad nagnibmiB

.)isiveRisidE( nakididnePisutitsnI A aideM :atrakaygoY .idab .usmayS ,NL fusuY .8002 nad kanA nagnabmekreP igolokisP ajameR .

ayrakadsoR ajameR :gnudnaB .

.0102 .nashiruN akitnuJ & usmayS ,NL fusuY nad nagnibmiB nasadnaLgnilesnoK R :gnudnaB . e .ayraK adsoR ajam

oroB airaM atcnaS nahusA itnaP rusurB .

IR sospeD malaD .4002 moc.topsgolb.ulukgnebirtniwe//:ptth adap hudnuid .

.biw 53.71 lukup adap 3102 ieM 41 laggnat

u.yrarbil.www//:ptth fdp.4BAB/740117402/90mukuh1s/fdp/di.ca.jvnp , iem 41 lukup 3102 .biw 50.12

gnikaerb/atireb/di.oc.akilbuper.www//:ptth - 70/90/lanoisan/swen 24536/12/ -

itnap - nahusa - kana - muleb - iadamem .biw 84.02 lukup 3102 iem 41


69

1 kejbuS isavresbO lisaH

amaN RM :

tapmeT oroB airaM atcnaS nahusA itnaP :

laggnaT 71 : - 5 nad 3102 rebmetpeS 02 - 3102 rebmepoN 6

naaynatreP - isavresbo naaynatrep aY kadiT

.a nahutubeK ( naitahrep naka erac )

.1 malad naitahrep naktapadnem ai hakapA

?aynkisif nahutubek


?hubut/nadab nahisrebek nad naarahilemep


?aynnatahesek natawarep

.4 naitahrep naktapadnem ai hakapA malad

?halokes nahutubek

.b ( naagrahgnep naka nahutubeK tcepser )

.5 ?hisak amiret napacu naktapadnem kana hakapA

.6 nakukalem anerak naijup naktapadnem kanA

?fitisop gnay utauses

.7 lisahreb anerak haidah naktapadnem kana hakapA

?lah utaus malad

.c hamep naka nahutubeK ( nama egdelwonk )

.8 taas nagnipmadnep naktapadnem kana hakapA

?rajaleb

.9 ?ajrekeb taas ignipmadid kana hakapA

.01 natilusek imalagnem taas imahapid kana hakapA

?rajaleb malad

√

√

√

√

√

√

√

√

√

√

.d ( naarsemek naka nahutubeK ycamitni )

1 naripmaL


79

.11 ?gnomap /husagnep adapek atirecreb ai hakapA

.21 /gnomap nagned tukat asarem ai hakapA

?husagnep

.31 taked id asareb namayn asarem ai hakapA

?husagnep /gnomap

.41 hakapA nahutnes naktapadnem ai - kisif nahutnes

?nakgnanenem gnay

.51 gnay tahisan /naruget naktapadnem ai hakapA

?tubmel

√

√

√

√

√


89


amaN GN :




.a ( naitahrep naka nahutubeK erac )

.1 nahutubek malad naitahrep naktapadnem ai hakapA

?aynkisif

.2 naarahilemep malad naitahrep naktapadnem ai hakapA

ubut/nadab nahisrebek nad ?h

.3 natawarep malad naitahrep naktapadnem ai hakapA

?aynnatahesek


?halokes



.6 utauses nakukalem anerak naijup naktapadnem kanA

y ?fitisop gna


?lah utaus malad

.c ( namahamep naka nahutubeK egdelwonk )

.8 ?rajaleb taas nagnipmadnep naktapadnem kana hakapA


.01 malad natilusek imalagnem taas imahapid kana hakapA

eb ?rajal



.21 ?husagnep /gnomap nagned tukat asarem ai hakapA

√

√

√

√

√

√

√

√

√

√

√

√


99


.31 /gnomap taked id asareb namayn asarem ai hakapA

?husagnep

.41 nahutnes naktapadnem ai hakapA - gnay kisif nahutnes

?nakgnanenem

.51 ?tubmel gnay tahisan /naruget naktapadnem ai hakapA

√

√

√


001


amaN ZR :





.1 tapadnem ai hakapA nahutubek malad naitahrep nak

?aynkisif


?hubut/nadab nahisrebek nad


?aynnatahesek


?halokes

.b naka nahutubeK ( naagrahgnep tcepser )


.6 utauses nakukalem anerak naijup naktapadnem kanA

?fitisop gnay


?lah utaus malad


.8 naktapadnem kana hakapA ?rajaleb taas nagnipmadnep


.01 malad natilusek imalagnem taas imahapid kana hakapA

?rajaleb

√

√

√

√

√

√

√

√

√

√


101






?husagnep


?nakgnanenem


√

√

√

√

√


201


amaN MT :


aT laggn 71 : - 5 nad 3102 rebmetpeS 02 - 3102 rebmepoN 6




?aynkisif


nadab nahisrebek nad ?hubut/


?aynnatahesek


?halokes



.6 uses nakukalem anerak naijup naktapadnem kanA uta

?fitisop gnay


?lah utaus malad


.8 ?rajaleb taas nagnipmadnep naktapadnem kana hakapA


.01 lad natilusek imalagnem taas imahapid kana hakapA ma

?rajaleb




√

√

√

√

√

√

√

√

√

√

√

√


301



?husagnep


?nakgnanenem


√

√

√


401

ARACNAWAW MITABREV )1 kejbuS(

amaN RM :

tapmeT oroB airaM.tS.AP husagnep gnauR :

lukup /iraH BIW 03.61 .lkP 3102 rebmetpeS 71 ,asaleS :

:nagnareteK itileneP :P

kejbuS :S

:P :S :P :S :P

:S

:P :S

?ay hamur ek gnalup narubil utkaW

!ubi amas tupmejid,,gnalup ,ayI !knod gnanes haW

aguj inis id gnanes ,ayI gnanes umtaubmem gnay apa ,utigeb ooO

?inis id laggnit id ualak ,namet kaynab anerak gnaneS

amas amil salek aud amuc aynnamet hamurmane salek

mmH ?apareb salek hadu iridnes rM ualak ,m )muynesret( !amil salek kiaN

asaB - isab

rula akubmeMnapakacrep

:P :S

:P

:S

:P :S :P

:S

?naitahrep atak uat umak hakapA ,sM .rB ,gI rB amas nakitahrepid ,uat aY

namet amas nakitahrepid…husagneP - met !na

gnay rB irad apa itrepes naitahrep kutneB?naknigni umak gnilap

nahutubek ,halokes natalarep hisakiD -nahutubek

?ihunepret muleb gnay kag adA !aumes hadus ,ada kaG

ihunepret hadus gnay naitahrep kutneB?apa aynlasim

siM ,nubas naatnimrep hisakid aynla surt ,kemayn ,naiakap ,halokes naulrepek

)husagnep( mD mo mas ,nakam kaggn ualaknakam hurus nitagniid

nauhategnePnaitahrep ianegnem

naitahrep kutneB naknigniid gnay

nahunemep haladairahes nahutubek - irah

itahrep kutneB na hadus gnay

:ihunepret nahuhemep

nad naulrepekirahes nahutubek - naktagniid ,irah

,nakam kutnutaharitsi

1.a

2.a

3.a

2 naripmaL


501

:P

:S

:P

:S

:P

:S

:P

:S :P

:S

:P

:S

:P

:S

:P

:S

:P

:S :P

es idaj…mmmmH hadus aynaum gnatnet uat rM hakapa,…ihunepret

?imahapid uti utkaw ,itaboid tikas aynlasim ,uaT

”munim hurus tabo hisakid…nagnodnog rB amas itaboid utkaw rM naasarep anamiG

husagnep uata !itabogn gnay ada gnaneS

nakatirec rM aboc… ,utigeb ooO

id namalagnep ?inis id laggnit amales iagrah kana amas iagrahiD - ualak aynlasim ,kana

kana amas gnomogn ayas - licek gnay kananakragnedid uti

ijupid hanrep rM hakapa ,mmmmH?sagut nakiaseleynem taas aynlasim

!hanrep kaggN hisak amiretreb gnay ada hanrep ,mmmmH

?rM amas P sereb igal ayas uti utkaw ,hanre - sereb

M rB surt ,kodnes ,saleg ,gnirip nipaiyn anerak gnanes uti utkaW .hisak amirt gnalib

utnabmem asib amiretreb rB anerak ay gnanes rM ,mmmmH utnabmem asib rM nad hisak

aro amas M.rB ,gI.rB ,ayI hanrep aguj autgn gnalib akerem…salek kian utkaw ijumem

”ajrek asib surt ,iridnam asib raib igal nusus irad naijup tapadnem gnanes rM ,haW

?akerem gnanes hibel rajaleb ualak…gnanes ayI

nutid ualak narajalep ada ualak anerak ,niugg ,nirajaid atnim …aynat itnan ,asib kadit gnay

.husagnep uata rB nagnatadnat atnim surt gnay ada kaggn ualak aguj gnanes ipaT gnanes hibel ipat…heheheheh niuggnun

niuggnutid ualak rM gnay naagrahgnep kutneb anamiagaB

knigni ?na ,hisak amirt nipacugn kayak…idat itrepeS hisakid aynasaib ,sugab aynialin ualak surt

haidah utkaw kaggn haidah irebid hanrep,,ooO

?sugab aynialin !hanrep muleB

id laggnit ayngnanes hibel rM ,mmmH

imahapid asareM

gnay ada akitek utkawid tawarem

tikas

naagrahgneP irad naktapadid

namet

irad naagrahgneP rB nad aut gnaro

amiret napacu haladanaijup ,hisak

naagrahgnep kutneB :naknigniid gnay

,hisak amiret napacudrawer ,naijup

9.c

7.b

7.b

6.b


601

:S

:P :S

:P :S :P :S

”?inis id uata hamur anerak inis id laggnit gnanes hibeL

ipukucret aynnahutubek ?aynlasim apa nahutubeK

surt …igrep kajaid ,halokes nahutubeKnalaj kajaid - ,nagnobmor sib kian igrep ,nalaj

nalaj aguj hanreP .gnatanib nubek ek hanrep -taked id M.rB amas nalaj - gnadaK .inis taked

okes ayngnalup ualak ,ikak nalaj ut tapec halnalaj kajaid - rB amas nalaj

?rB amas kajaid ualak aynasar anamiG tahil asib itnan surt…gnaneS - amas tahil

naniam ?rB nagned ay namayn asarem rM itrareB

nalaj kajaid ualak akus..ayI - nalaj

naarsemek kutneB naknigniid gnay

nalaj halada - alaj n ,husagnep amasreb

rB

41.d

:P

:S :P

:S :P

:S

:P

:S

:P

:S

:P

:S

gnatnet iuhatek rM gnay apa ,mmH

”?natakedek uata naarsemek ”uat kaggN

uata rB amas kag taked asarem rMhusagnep ”?

gnadak ,kadit..mmM - ”gnadak nad rB nagned rM namalagnep anamiagaB

?inis id husagnep kayak ,itabogn gnay ada tikas ualak..gnaneS

,rB amas tabo hisakid hutaj utkaw uti ulud ada surt ,nitahesan gnay ada halas atik ualak

rajaleb igal ualak niuggnun gnay alaK halasam ada uata hides igal rM u

”?apais amas aynatirec aynasaib namet amas atireC - ”inis id namet

atirecreb kutnu nanigniek ada umak hakapA

”?husagnep amas uata kag rB amas ipat aY ualak tukat..ulam ,hanrep mulebgnajnap - ..gnajnap

gnajnap ualak tukat rM -p aynduskam gnajna?anamig

rB surt nagnajnapek aynatirec ayas itnaNkubis aynhusagnep uata

namahamep kutneB hadus gnay

imahapid :ihunepret nakulremem akitek itrepes nagnolotrep

adap ,tikas akitek nakukalem taas

.itahesanid nahalasek

mahamep kutneB nanaknigniid gnay

11.c

9.c

:P

:S

amas atirec ualak aynasaib ,utigeb…ooO?aja apa gnatnet nakatirecid gnay namet

utnah atirec ,halokes id naidajeK - ,utnahmares gnay - res aguj gnadak.…eheheh ma


701

:P

:S

:P :S

:P

:S :P :S

:P :S :P

:S

:P

:S

:P :S

:P :S

…hamur id utkaw atirec akus rM taubmem gnay apa ,mmmmH

?inis id laggnit amas ,nahutubek ipukucid ,namet kaynaB

nalaj kajaid - nalaj ?anamig namet amas ualaK

namet amas gnayasiD - …namet

naknigni umak gnay apa ,rM turunem ualaKuleb ipat umak gnaruk hisam uata m

?inis id naktapad nalaj kajaid…ay apa..mmH - nalaj

nalaj kajaid nigni rM - ?rB amas nalaj raulek gnay muleb ipat kajaid hadus…ayI -

”uti huaj gnay raulek

”?apa naknigniid gnay aynnial gnay ualaK !ihunepret hadus nahutubek ,aumes haduS

C gnay nahutubek nakatirec rM abo?anamiagab gnay uti ihunepret

,idnam tala ,ujab ,halokes naulrepek hisakiDkemayn gnayasid ,namet amas naniam asib ,

namet ,rB amas - aja uti…ssssurt…nametheheheh

amales rM naparah idajnem gnay apA?itnap id laggnit

ut inis iD natilusek ada muleb ,gnanes..inis id laggnit amales

?nial gnay ada hisam hakapa ,ayayaY asib ayapus nijar gnay rajaleb uaM

hadus gnay rB nad aut gnaro nakaggnabmemtawarem

!…ilakes tabeh ,haW )muynesreT(

naitahrep kutneB muleb gnay

ihunepret

4.a

:P

:S

,ulud pukuc …ay hisak amireT .kiab ,mmHnamet amas rajaleb gnaur ek kusam asib rM

!…ayI

putuneP


801


amaN GN :


lukup /iraH .lkP 3102 rebmetpeS 71 ,ubaR : BIW 00.91


kejbuS :S :P :S :P :S :P :S

:P :S :P :S

?umrabak anamig ,olaH !kiaB

?apareb salek hadu gnarakeS 5 saleK

?niramek halokes narubil anamiG niramek…nauggnim agit rubil ,gnaneS

nalaj M.rB kajaid - taked id ipat nalaj - takeds …aja ini

?aja apa aynnataigek narubil utkaW nalaJ - VT notnon amas ,ajrek ,nalaj

atak ragned hanrep umak …mmmH?naitahrep

!hanreP

asaB - isab rula akubmeM

napakacrep

:P

:S

:P :S

:P

:S

:P

:S

k umak turuneM nakitahrepid gnaro uala?his apa kayak uti

ualak…gnay gnaro ada ualak aynlasiM gnaro lekgnej taubmem licek kana ada

gnalib ipat nilukup negnep surt rasebhasu kaggn - !utig hasu kaggn

itreps imalaid gnay naitahrep inis id ualaK?apa

dit hurus rB ut aynlasiM kaggn ualak runakam nitagnign surt ,rudit

naitahrep kutneb nigni gN ualak ,mmmH ?apa itrepes

nahutubek hisakiD - !nahutubek

itrepes naitahrep umturuneM…mmmH?inis id imala umak gnay apa

rayabmem kutnu gnau irebmem akus rBnamet irad ualak ,halokes gnau - et nam

utnab ,RP nakajregn utnab ,niutnab akus ualak uti aynasaib…zR ,rM itreps…ajrek

ianegnem nauhategnePnaitahrep

hadus gnay naitahreP naktagniid :naktapadid

rudit ,nakam kutnu

gnay naitahrep kutneB halada naknigniid

nahutubek irebid -nahutubek

s gnay naitahreP hadu

rB :naktapadid kutnu gnau irebmem

,halokes gnau rayabnamet irad nautnab -

1.a

3.a

2.a

3.a


901

:P

:S

:P :S

:P

:S

nirajagn akerem uat kaggn ayas

gnay apa itrepes namahamep kutneB uata rB irad nakparah umak gnilap

?husagnep ualak uti ayas ayapus ,iharamid gnaraJ

jrek uata rajaleb salam ruget id a

?anamig aynduskaM uti ajrek uata rajaleb salam ayas ualak idaJ

ayas itnan…nijar uti ayas ayapus ,rugetidnalep aynrugen ualak ipat ,tagnames idaj -

nalep itahesanid ,nalep - ekap kaggn nalep…haram

gnay naitahrep surt…ayayay..mmmHuata gnaruk hisam ?ihunepret muleb gnay

nahutubek gnarab atnim uam ualaKtala atnim ualak ,hisak id gnaraj halokes - surt ,hisakid kadit ladnas itrepes uti tala

surt halokes irad ayrakarp sagut ada ualaknahab atnim ayas - surt…rB amas aynnahab

alret hadus umak :inig gnalib rB .tabm aynmulebes atnim hadus ayas lahadaP

sap surt…ajrek hisam rB uti utkawmalam - ipat igal atnim ayas aynmalam

haram halam ayn rB hisakid kaggn - haram ?hisakid kaggn utkaw anamig surT

irac ayas surt uti hisakid kaggn aneraK -d libma ayas surT .aynnahab irac sudrak ira

amas gnitnug majniP .rabmag ukub amashalokes id namet mel

imalagnem alib namet aynlasim natilusek

taas ,narajalep maladajrekeb

gnay namahameP halada naknigniid

tahisan uata rugetid akitek tubmel nagned

rajaleb salam bmel gnay narugeT tu

hisam gnay naitahreP halada gnaruk

halokes nahutubekayrakarp itrepes

01.c

01.c

4.a

:P

:S

:P

:S

atak ragned hanrep umak…mmmH?iagrahid

eb utkaw nak..hanreP kana rajal - adap kana mD mo surt ,maid hurus ayas surt ,iamar

mo amas hurusid ayaS .gnatad )husagnep(kana agaj mD - uti utkaw..ratnebes kana

gnanes aguj mD mo ,gnanes ayas gnay apa itrepes naagrahgnep kutneB

?inis id imala umak hadus akitametam nagnalu utkaW tapad ayas

.sugab umialin gnalib rB surt ,sutares ialin nagnalu surt ,namet niaraja ayas surT

irad sugab aguj aynialin ayntukireb

kejbus nauhategnePnaagrahgnep gnatnet

naagrahgnep kutneB naktapadid hadus gnay

akitek naijup halada gnay ialin tapadnem

kiab

5.b

7.b


011

:P

:S :P :S

:P

:S

:P :S

aynmulebes malad naagrahgnep ada hisam hakapA

?nial gnay kutneb !ijupid hanrep kaggn ajrek ualaK

alak his anamig umak turuneM ?uti ajrek u gnadaK - ajrekeb hadus ayas uti gnadak

rajaleb ualak surT .ajrek muleb gnalibid gnalibid ipat rajaleb hadus ayas aynasaib

rajaleb muleb kadit asarem umak idaj ,mmH

gnay kutneb ada hisam hakapa..…iagrahid?nial

akus aynurug ,uti utas salek utkaW haram - harem iapmas lukupid ayas surt haram

uti utkaW .gnajnap gnay ubmab ekap niajregn utkaw iamar ayas anerak halas

amas inis id lukupid ayas surt…sagut)gnuggnup nad ikak nakkujnunem(…inis

?anamig surt ,mmmH anerak..aja nimaid ayas ,atirec kaggN

es halas aud retsemes haduses ipaT .iridn nijar hadus ayas anerak igal kaggn utiuti utas salek utkaw sap aynaH .rajaleb

naagrahgneP gnay

malad ihunepret muleb kadit itrepes ajrek lah

hadus akij iukaidrajaleb uata ajrekeb

8.b

:P

:S

:P

:S :P :S

imahapid asarem umak ,…ayayay mmH

?inis id husagnep uata rB amas kaggn gn aynlasim imahapid hanrep ,ayI tala hisa

hadus ayas idnam tala ualak uat rB .idnamnamet amas surT .hisakid surt sibah -

.tapme salek hadus ayas uti utkaw ,namet surt ,sagut niajregn hurusid ayas uti utkaw surt aynhakgnal nirajagn namet atnim ayas

hakgnal nirajagn uam namet -rt…aynhakgnal kaggn akerem ualak su

gnutih asib - irajaid atnim akerem nagnutih muleb umturunem gnay ada hakapA

?ihamapid !ihamapid kadit hanreP

?apa lah malad imahapid kadit asarem gN signan gnay licek kana ada ualak aynlasiM

ayas lahadap ,ayas uti niharamid gnayaynah hisam uti ayn rB ipat ,maid hurus

lemogn nad haram - lemogn

namahamep kutneB

ihunepret hadus gnay nahunemep halada

,idnam tala nahutubeknamet irad namahamep -

namet

namahamep kutneB naktapadid muleb gnay

namahamep halada naasarep nad isautis

kana

11.c

21.c


111

:P

:S :P :S

:P :S

:P :S

:P

:S

:P

:S :P

:S

:P

:S :P

:S

uata rB amas kaggn taked asarem umaK?inis id husagnep

mT ,okE ,namet amas ayntakeD ?anamig husagnep uata rB amas olK

atirec ,kadiT - rec ualak…hanrep muleb ati asib anerak gnanes uti igrep ayn rB

sap ualak aynah uti ayn rB irayn…sabeb.umat ada

?anamiagab sabeB nalaj asib sabeB - kag olK…raulek nalajnalaj asib ,rB ada - aynasaib…raulek nalaj

niam olgoJ hamur ek - utis id niam ?apais amas anas eK

ualak iridnes anas ek igrep aynasaiB tawel…anas ek gnusgnal halokes gnalup

asib anas id taked hibel satnip nalaj itnan surT .rayab kaggn kusam…naniam

gnalup urab naniam iaseles hadu ualak

idajnem gnay apa nakatirec gN aboCnep uata rB kutnu umak naparah ? husag

atirec asib ,namet itrepeS - gnadak…atirec kaggn ,lakan ut ayas ualak hides ualak

haram - rugetid uata nitagniid ualak ,haramnalep ut - ajrek ualak ut aynlasim ,nalep

haram ekap kaggn negnep aguj umak aynranebes…idaj mmH

ualak igalapa rB amas atirecreb gnades rB tahilem umak anerak tukat ipat hides

?ay utig ,suret haram ..ayI

,naagrahgnep ianegnem ualak…mmmH gnay anamiagab naagrahgnep kutneb

?nakhutub umak ajrek hadus ayas ualak nak aynaynasaiB

gnalib ayas surT .ajrek muleb gnalibid ipatek hadus ayas rB aja patet rB ipat ,ajr

ajrek muleb uti ayas ualak gnalib rB amas kaggn taked kutnu nanigniek adA

?husagnep uata !kadiT

nakatirec umak hakasib…utigeb ,oooO gnay naarsemek uata natakedek kutneb kayak uti husagnep irad naknigni umak

?his apa sek ada sap ualaK ,narajalep malad natilu

gnay naarsemek kutneB halaada naknigniid

namalagnep atirecreb.akud nad akus

naagrahgnep kutneB halada nakhutubid gnay

malad naukagnep utauses nakukalem lah malad aynlasim

ajrek

kutneB natakedek/naarsemek

halada naknigniid gnay taasid inamenem

halasam imalagnemnatilusek uata

namahamep kutneB halada naknigniid gnay

41.d

6.b

41.d

01.c


211

:P

:S

nial gnaro nagned halasam ada ualak surt

itrepes namahamep ,umak turunem ualaK?naknigni umak gnay apa

haram kaG - ualak aynlasiM .suret haram .niharamid gnay ayas signan licek kana gnay ayas halam maid hurus aynah ayaS

mas niharamid .aja lemogn patet rb ,rB a hadus ualak aynlasim ,sabeb asib surT

nalaj asib sagut iaseles - .nalaj

nad isautis imahamemkejbus naasarep

:P

:S

pukuc ,napaled maj ripmah ini ,ay hOnapak ay ulud naikes - lorbogn atik napakay hisak amiret ,igal

..hisakam ,ayI

putuneP


311


amaN ZR :

tapmeT agnep gnauR : oroB airaM.tS.AP hus

lukup /iraH BIW 00.91 .lkP 3102 rebmetpeS 71 ,asaleS :

:nagnareteK

itileneP :P kejbuS :S

:P :S :P :S :P :S :P :S :P :S

:P

?rabak apA

!kiaB gnomogn nigni ayaS - ,zR amas gnomogn

?asib !asiB

laggnit amal apareb hadus tagni hisam zR?inis id

nuhat amil hadus ,tagnI laggnit amales um turunem anamig ,mmH

?inis id namet kaynab gnanes…gnaneS

halokes narubil ualak surt…mmmmmH?anamig

ada aynah hamur id… gnalup rubil ualaK keda surt..audek gnay apap amas amam

laK .licek hisam gnay utas gnay keda ua id igal aynutas gnay

irtup itna p !…utigeb…oooO

rula akubmeM

napakacrep

:P :S

:P :S

:P

:S

:P

?”naitahrep“ atak ragned hanrep zR !hanreP

?apa kayak uti naitahrep umturuneM

aK …utig ujab hisagn kaay

ualak kaggn nigni umak ,umturunem ualaK?nakitahrepmem gnay ada

gnanes…ut niitahrem gnay ada ualak ,ayI

itrepes naitahrep kutneb nakatirec zR aboC?inis id imala umak hadus gnay apa

naitahreP kejbus igab utauses irebid halada

ujab aynlasim

gnay naitahrep kutneB :ihunepret hadus

1.a

3.a


411

:S

:P :S

:P

:S :P

:S

:P :S

tikas uti utkaw ,tawar id tikas ualaKurt..sepit ek awabid..rB amas tawarid s

nagnabmus hisakid kayak surT .tikas hamur ?nagnabmuS

hisagn umat ada gnadak ,ayI - surt hisagn ut gnadaK .nakigabid ayn rB amas

ukub ,ujab ,naniam ,nanakam - ukub

nial gnay naitahrep kutneb ada hakapAamas nagnabmus hisakid niales tawarid

?tikas ualak !ada kaggN

naitahrep kutneb umturunem ualak ,mmH?naknigni umak gnilap gnay apa

magares ualak surt ,nagnabmus hisakiDhisakid kebos

?gnaruk hisam kaggn ada umturunem ualaK

tala ,sat kayak halokes nahutubeK - tala..rabmag

taas adap tawarid utauses irebid ,tikas

,nanakam itrepes nad ,naiakap ,naniam

ukub

gnay naitahrep kutneB halada naknigniid

nad nagnabmus irebidnakitahrepmem

halokes nahutubek itnaggnem aynlasim

gnay magares ujabkebos

3.a

2.a

4.a

:P

:S

:P :S

:P

:S

:P

:S

:P

:S

zR turunem ,naagrahgnep ualaK

?anamiagab gnay uti naagrahgnem pid…salek kian taas aynlasiM gnay rB iju

hanrep kadit gnarakes ualak ,ulud ?ijumem gnay ada ualak gnanes zR

gnanes ,aY

gnay naagrahgnep nakatirec umak aboCnaktapad zR hanrep

,tikas gnay kugnej utkaw aynlasim ,hanreP gnarakes ipat tikas utkaw ydnaS niuggnun

anrep rB surt …raulek hadu amiretreb h ,uti rotok gnay niisreb ayas utkaw hisak

…upayn umak gnay apa itrepes naagrahgneP

?naknigni

hadu ualak gnanes uti ajrek ualak ..kaaayaKhurusid kaggn ajrek - ualak surt igal hurus

salek kian sap

anamiagab aynkutneb ,imahapid laos ualaKmak gnay ?naknigni u

)kudnunem( hides taas inamen…inameneM

turunem naagrahgneP

akitek halada kejbusijupid

naagrahgnep kutneB hadus gnay

halada naktapadid hisak amiret napacu

aas adap ajrekeb t

naagrahgnep kutneB naknigniid gnay lah malad halada

naijup irebid ,ajrekeb

namahamep kutneB naknigniid gnay

inamenem haladahides taas adap

5.b

7.b

6.b

01.c

4.a


511

:P

:S

hides imalagn kaggn hanrep umak ,mmmH?inamen gnay ada surt

!hanrep muleB

gnay naitahrep kutneBihunepret muleb

:P

:S

:P

:S

P:

:S

:P

:S

:P :S

:P

:S

:P

:S

:P

duskam umak gnay nakatirec aboc ,ay hO

…hides taas inamenem idat aynialin ualak ,kelej aynialin taas aynlasiM

haram kaggn ,hides tuki kelej naitahrep kutneb ada hakapa…utigeb ,oooO

?nial gnay a kaggN !ad

kutneb ada hakapa umturuneM

?ihunepret muleb gnay naagrahgnep ajrek ualak… igal hurusid ipat ajrek haduS

igal ignalu hurusid ipat hisreb hadus uti

muleb gnay namahamep kutneb ualaK?apa kayak gnay ihunepret

halokes sat kayak..halokes nahutubeKutkaw niraib kat kasur ripmah uti

…aja aynnalodnag uam todep hadu uluD . gnires licek kana anerak kasur ipat hisakid ulud ,atnim inareb kaggn uti sibaH .majnip

muleb ipat niawab uam gnalib amam

?apa itrepes aynimahapid nigni zR ratn ,uti halokes nahutubek kayaK ualak

hadu ulud anerak niharamid tukat atnim.kasur hadu ipat hisakid

namahamep kutneb ada hakapa mmh ,..ooO

?naknigni umak gnay nial gnay hibel raib niharamid kelej aynialin ualaK rB uti kelej aynialin ualak nak…tagnames

haram - l tagnames hibel raib haram ..iga hibel ,kelej zR ialin ualak idaj ,ooO

raib iharamid gnay ada ualak tagnames?tagnames hibel

tikides nagnaj ipat ayI - ,haram tikides ..haram gnires haram tikides

uti imahapid gnaro ualak zR turunem ,idaJ?apa itrepes gnay

namahamep kutneB

naknigniid gnay

naagrahgnep kutneBihunepret muleb gnay

,kasur sat akiteK kutnu tukat kejbus

anerak igal atnim hadus aynmulebes

imahapid( irebid gnarab ada akitek

kadit ,kasur gnay )iharamid

namahamep kutneB naknigniid gnay

namahamep halada naasarep nad isautis

kana

turunem namahameP

01.c

8.b

21.c

01.c

9.c


611

:S haram kaggn..uuti kayak,aaaY - ,haram,iamar kaggn raib rajaleb ualak inametid

kadit halada kejbus inamenem ,iharamid

rajaleb taas

:P

:S :P

:S :P :S

:P :S

:P

:S

:P

:S

:P

:S :P

:S :P

:S :P :S

atak ragned hanrep umak ,mmmH?natakedek uata naarsemek

!hanreP iuhatek umak gnay apa nakatirec aboC

natakedek uata naarsemek gnatnet ,amam amas kayaK ?anamig amam amaS

atirec aynasaiB - mas atirec id ualak amam a nakkusamid uka ualak gnalib amam ,hamur

.halokes asib raib itna pid ?anamig inis id ualaK

atirec hanrep kaggn ,kaggn inis id ualaK - ut aynasaiB .husagnep uata rB amas atirec

hadu gnay ulud gnay namet amas atirecraulek

uata naarsemek kutneB zR gnay natakedek

?apa kayak gnay naknigni niharamid kelej ialin tapad ualak kayaK

tagnames raib haram kaggn ipat rB amas ,kelej ialin tapad ualak zR duskam hakapA

tubmel nagned itahisanem husagnep uata rB kutnu zR adapek tagnames irebmem nad

el rajaleb ?igal taig hib haram kaggn idaj ,ayI - raib haram

tagnames ut aynrajaleb naarsemek kutneb umturunem…utig ooO

umak gnay apa itrepes natakedek uata?naknigni

namet amas nukur asiB - lakan kaggn ,namet anamig husagnep uata rB amas ualak surT

n imalagn hanrep umak aynaman gnay kagg?naarsemek

)alapek nakgneleggnem( kaggN umak naparah idajnem gnay apa ,ulaL

?husagnep uata rB padahret !imahapid nignI

.…imahapid nigni zR ,mmmH haram kaggn ,aY - suret haram

kejbus nauhategneP naarsemek ianegnem

nagnorod irebmeMatak nagned - atak

gnay tubmel adap itagnameynem

naktapadnem taaskelej gnay ialin


nagned nukur haladanamet

muleb kejbuS naarsemek imalagnem

husagnep nagned

31.d

41.d

41.d

61.d


711

:P :S

?nial gnay kaggn igal ada…utigeb ooO !haduS

:P

:S

hadus ini )nagnat maj tahilem( ,mmmH amiret…ay ulud pukuc ,napaled maj ripmah

lorbogn uam zR anerak hisak - lorbogn !malam tam ,ayI

putuneP


811


amaN MT :


lukup /iraH BIW 00.71 .lkP 3102 rebmetpeS 81 ,ubaR :


kejbuS :S

:P :S :P

:S

:P :S :P :S :P :S

?umrabak anamiagaB

!kiaB salek nakianek hadu niramek..ay hO ,mmH

..ay ?anamig aynialin sugab utigeb kadit..aaaaaynialiN

)hides hajaw ,kudnunem( ?ay sugab utigeb kaggn ,mmmH

..salek kian kaggN hibel aynrajaleb itrareb ,ayay mmH

..igal naktakgnitid )hajaw takgnagnem( ayI

?”nakitahrepid“ atak kaggn uat umak ,ay hO maid( ..mmmmM )amal kaga

asab pahaT - /isab

rula akubmeMnapakacrep

:P

:S

:P

:S

:P :S

:P

:S

uti naitahrep umturunem ualak…mmmH?his apa itrepes gnay

uti ayn rB ualaK ,..hiiisagn ualak!ihunepid naatnimrep

nakatirec aboC umak gnay naitahrep kutneb?inis id imala

namet kaynab anerak gnanes inis iD rB amas utapes atnim ualak surt…niamreb

hisakid ?nial gnay naitahrep kutneb ada hakapA

id uti naatnimrep ada ualak ,,kaaayaKnubas atnim olk aynlasim..hisak

apa naitahrep kutneB mT turunem gnay

?ihunepid muleb uata gnaruk hisam id kadit utauses atnim ualak gnadaK

natalarep atnim ualak aynlasim..hisak

uata nauhategneP ianegnem namahamep

asareM .naitahrep akitek nakitahrepidihunepid naatnimrep

naitahrep kutneB

hadus gnay kaynab :naktapadid

irebid ,niamreb nametnubas ,utapes

muleb gnay naitahrePepret halada ihun

halokes natalarep

1.a

3.a

3.a

4.a


911

:P

:S :P

:S

ut gnadak..hisakid kadit gnadak ut halokestala atnim - gnitnug ,rabmag ukub ,silut tala

.hisakid kaggn ipat ayrakarp taub utneb ,mmH gnay apa itrepes naitahrep k

?husagneP uata rB irad nakparah umak !kiab hibel gnaY

uti kiab hibel gnay umak turuneM?anamiagab

surt ,halokes nahutubek kayak hut aynlasiM

hisagn irajagn gnay ada ut rajaleb ualak kaggn akitametam ualak ut uka…hotnoc

,asib aynan uka aynasaib..gN uti asib gnay.aid amas

gnay naitahreP uata nakparahid

halada naknigniid naka naitahrep

,halokes nahutubek taas nagnipmadnep

adap amaturet rajaleb tilus gnay narajalepakitametam aynlasim

2.a

:P

:S

:P

:S

:P

:S :P

:S

naagrahgnep umak turunem ualak ,mmmH?anamiagab gnay uti

kadit ,niharamid acak pal utkaw aynlasiMhisak amiret gnalib

amiret gnalib kadit gnay ,…uutigeb ooO?apais hisak

gnalib gnay namet amuc uti gnadak ,,…rBnak uti utkaw …hisak amiret namet sap

licek gnay - uka surt ,laos niaynan uti licek aid surt inig,inig aynarac aid amas gnalib

hisak amiret gnalib

apa naagrahgnep kutneb nakatirec aboC?naktapad uata imala umak gnay ajas

ada muleB tapadnem hanrep umak hakapa ,mmH

gnaro irad naijup irad aynlasim ,nial..namet irad uata ,gnomap ,husagnep

uti aracibreb ayas ualak ,hanrep muleBkana amas nakragnedid kadit - kana

ianegnep nauhategneP asareM .naagrahgnep

akitek iagrahid naajrekep nakukalem

:nahugenep irebidhisak amiret aynlasim

agrahgneP gnay na

irad naktapadid hadus napacu halada namet

hisak amiret

muleb kejbuS naktapadnem

irad naagrahgnep uata husagnep

gnomap

6.b

7.b

8.b

8.b

:P

:S

atak ragned hanrep umak ,..utig ooO

pid“ ?’imaha ,rB amas ajrek hurusid kayak aynlasiM

ajrek gnusgnal

naka nauhategneP

kejbuS .namahamep kadit asarem

akitek imahapidkatnebid ajrekeb -

.katneb

9.c


021

:P :S

:P :S

:P

:S

:P

:S

:P

:S

?anamig aynduskaM itnan hurusid ajrek ualak…uti kayaK

katnebid - uti iridnes ajrek ualak…katnebiharamid kadit

?anamiagab aynnigni mT ualaK .iridnes ajrek ualak gnanes hibeL

it uti iridnes ajrek ualak ipat iharamid kadkatnebid itnan hurusid - katneb

kadit rB ,naknigni umak gnay idaj…ooO

..ay utig ajrekeb huruynem taas haram utig aynnigni ,ayI

namahamep kutneb ,mT turunem ualaK

?apa kayak ihunepret muleb kayak natahilek uti rB…uat muleb..mmmM

aram suret h ,..haram ulales rB tahilem umak idaj ,ooO apa itrepes namahamep kutneb umturunem

?naktapad umak hadus gnay ada muleb aynitrepes ,mmmM

namahamep kutneB gnay naknigniid

ajrekeb akitek haladaiharamid kadit

muleb kejbuS imahapid nakasarem

/husagnep helognomap

01.c

21.c

:P

:S

:P

:S

:P

:S

:P

:S :P :S :P :S

unem ualak ,ay hO asarem umak umtur ,husagnep nagned kag namayn uata taked

?rB uata rB amas ualak ,gN amas ayntaked ukA

.muleb

,husagnep uata rB nagned anamiagaB gnay naarsemek uata natakedek kutneb

?namiagab gnay naknigni umak aynasaib ,hanrep muleb halas kaggn ualaK

ayas kana amas amuc aynatirec - anerak kanakana amas ayntaked hibel - inis id kana

amas taked asarem kadit umak idaj ,mmmH

…inis id husagnep uata rB tukat amas ulam ,kadiT

nad rB nigni uata nakparah umak gnay apA

?umkutnu nakukal husagnep kiab hibeL

aynduskaM ?anamig atirec aynlasiM - ragnednem surah atirec

?apais atirecreb gnaY )amal pukuc maid(.…mmmmmH

namahamePnaarsemek ianegnem


/atirec igabreb halada nagned namalagnep

husagnep uata rB

muleb kejbuS natakedek imalagnem

.naarsemek uata

naarsemek kutneBgnay naknigniid

namuynes halada

31.d

41.d

61.d

41.d


121

:P

:S

:P :S

:P :S

:P :S :P

:S

nigni aynranebes umak hakapA…ooOatirecreb - ?rB nagned atirec

atirec negnep hut aynranebeS - rB ipat atirec ,haram kaga…huaj irad tahilid ualak ut

es..muynes gnaraj ada sap ualak uti muynumat

?anamiagab ,muynesret rB ayniadnaeS kaggn amas gnanes uti aynidaj ,gnaneS

tukat ,,utigeb…mmmH

ulam amas tukat ut ayas aynasaiB

?mTnaparah idajnem gnay apA …iiitrepes ,itreps..uti idat kayak ,aaaY

id ,imahapid nigni umak hakapA ,iagrah?anamiagab uata nakitahrepid ,taked

…uti kayak ,aY

:P

:S

rat..ay ulud pukuc nikgnum…kiab ,mmHnapak - ..ay hisakam ,igal lorbogn napak

!ayI

putuneP irihkagneMnaaracibmep


1 22

NANIPMIP NAGNED ARACNAWAW LISAH

aN am )1 namrofnI( GI .rB :

tapmeT oroB airaM.tS.AP naakatsupreP :

iraH BIW 54.11 .lkP 3102 rebmetpeS 91 ,simaK : – BIW 03.21

1.on( naitahreP naka nahutubeK - )4

.1 akerem hakapa mT ,rM ,gN ,zR ini kana tapmeek itamagnem rB huajeS

repid kutnu nanigniek ikilimem ?nakitah

kana raseb naigabeS - .negnep aynaumes ,gnayasid ,nakitahrepid nigni uti kana

.nakitahrepid kutnu nanigniek iaynupmem aynaumes uti zR ,rM ,gN ,mT

.2 ?naknigni akerem gnay apa itrepes naitahrep kutneB

taret uam kadit rudit ualak aynitra ,sabeb aynnignI tilus naknugnabid..ru

naruta ada apnat sabeb aynnegnep…zR ,mT amaturet - ualak…nilpisid naruta

ulam…uam kag adap ujam hurusid ,rednim ,ulam uti umat ada - amaturet ulam

inayalid kana aynlasim…ulal ,aynnanigniek idajnem gnay apa iturutiD .zR

id tikas kana ualak naatnimrep ,SR ek awab - irah paites…uti naatnimrep

,munim ,nakam itrepes nahutubek ihunemem .kcans

.3 ?akerem igab ihunepret hadus gnay apa naitahrep kutneB

kana kutnu utkaw nakgnauleM - kana taas irah igap aynlasim kana - kana

kana uti halokes takgnareb kadneh -a ,tabo hatne ,naulrepek atnim surah kan

gnalih gnay ada gnadak anerak rotnak id pais surah igap pait ,ayrakarp uata

ikak soak ,isad ,ipot aynlasim

.4 ?akerem igab ihunepret muleb gnay apa naitahrep kutneB

irahes nahutubek ualak - nau aynah ,ihunepret hadus irah kadit gnay ukas g

itnan..gnubatid ukas gnau anerak..ireb ayas kadit gnamem anerak ireb ayas

gnadak aynah ihunep ayas hadus halokes nahutubek kutnu…kinkip ualak

gnaubid gnadak ,gnalih gnires…tawarid gnaruk - gnaraj gN ualak…gnaub

3 naripmaL


321

em aynitrepes aggnihes ,atnim ipat atnim kadit gnay aguj ada…arahilem

nial gnaY .ipot ,isad ,ikak soak hatne ,aynnamet aynup libmagnem halam

tukat..atnim uam kadit

namahameP naka nahutubeK 5 .on( - )8

.5 helo imahapid kutnu nanigniek ikilimem akerem hakapa ,rB turuneM

?gnomap uata husagnep

gnadak ipat ,inis id aynnaadarebek iradaynem uti kana aynsuraH - kana gnadak

uti asib kag…areges surah aynasaib utauses atnim ualak..iradaynem gnaruk

.6 ?naknigni akerem gnay apa itrepes namahamep kutneB

lasim iatnicnem hadus imak…aynlasim imahamem hadus imaK akerem ayn

,kelej itnap kiab aman taubmem gnadak ipat tikas hamur ek ratnaid tikas

taubmem ualak…aynuames ,sabeb nigni nad nilpisid kadit…salam ,irucnem

nahalasek - ,isawagn gnay ada kaggn ,rugetid kaggn aynnegnep nahalasek

gn utig kayak ualak…ajas nakmaidid .inis id ualak asib kag

.7 gnay apa itrepes namahamep kutneb ,ini kana tapmeek itamagnem rB akiJ

? akerem igab ihunepret hadus

nahutubek aynalasiM .ihunepret hadus uti aynranebeS - hadus nahutubek

irebid irahes ilak agit nakam itrepes ,ipukucret .kcans lokesiD id ualak ,nakha

.aynaut gnaro helo ihunepid uti aumes utnet muleb hamur

.8 ipat naknigni akerem aynranebes gnay namahamep kutneb ada hakapA

?ihunepret muleb

tilus naknugnabid..rutaret uam kadit rudit ualak aynitra ,sabeb aynnignI

eb aynnegnep…zR ,mT amaturet naruta ada apnat sab - ualak…nilpisid naruta

ulam…uam kag adap ujam hurusid ,rednim ,ulam uti umat ada - amaturet ulam

.zR


421

9 .nn( naagrahgneP naka nahutubeK - )21

.9 ?iagrahid kutnu nanigniek ada gN nad ,mT ,zR ,rM irid malad id hakapA

utnu nanigniek gnaro paiteS tapme…ijupid kutnu aynlasim ,ada uti iagrahid k

.ijupid ualak gnanes ini kana

.01 ?naknigni akerem gnay apa itrepes naagrahgnep kutneB

irebid gnusgnal sugab ajrek utkaw aynlasim surt ,lisahreb taas haidah irebiD

gnanes akerem…naijup

.11 itrepes naarahgnep kutneB ?ihunepret hadus gnay apa

ada kaggn ini ualak…gnanes naagrahgnep irebid arauj uata..salek kian ualaKsalek kian kaggn gnay ada halam..arauj gnay

.21 aynkutneb uti ,akerem igab ihunepret muleb gnay naagrahgnep ada akiJ

?apa itrepes

hisagn ay uti muleb gnaY .arauj gnay ada kaggn ini nuhat anerak uti haidah

31 .on( naarsemeK naka nahutubeK - )61

.31 nagned arsem kutnu nanigniek ada gN nad ,mT ,zR ,rM irid malad id hakapA


amas gN amaturet ,autgnaro irad gnayas hisak hutub ,negnep aynaumeS

ay…mT namet tahilem ualak..autgnaro aynup kadit gn - ignujnukid aynnamet

uti nages kaga ,aja asaib uti rM ualaK …anamig ay ipat..hides aynautgnaro

.ada uti tikas utkaw iuggnutid ,agajid kutnu nanigniek…ada

.41 ?naknigni akerem gnay apa itrepes naarsemek kutneB

nis iD asaib uti i - ulalret ualak anerak ,karaj ada surah uti inis id olk..ajas asaib

utas kutnu nanignieK ..lednab halam hurusid..raggnalem uti kana taked

,nakitahrepmem gnay ada ,aynubi kapab amas taked nigni autgnaro nagned

metek ilakes nuhates uti rM..kugnejid awabid uti zR…aynautgnaro amas u

kapab uat kag licek kajes ,mT ,gN..ajrekeb aynubi tapmet okot nagaruj amas

,nakitahrepid hutub kana uti itrepes gnakaleb ratal nagned…apais aynubi

hena taubmem gnadak..…iatnicid - gnomap helo nakitahrepid ayapus hena


521

nep uata kana ualak aynlasiM..gnarab kasurem ,irucnem aynlasim ,husag - kana

malam gnadak…inametid surah rudit uti licek - atnim…utnip kutek malam

gnadak…kumayn tigigid ,tumiles - ualaK …inametid ayapus atnim gnadak

nigni ipat ,kaggn zR nad ,mT ,rM ,gN itrepes ini akerem ,apasid gnires hibel

…nagnat muic ,utser aod atnim halokes ek aynlasim

.51 ?ihunepret hadus gnay apa itrepes naarsemek kutneB

…apasid ,halokes gnalup haletes uata mulebes nagnat muic uti idat aynlasiM

.61 ?ihunepret muleb gnay apa itrepes naarsemek kutneB

nameM uti uat hisakid ualak aggnihes karaj ada surah akerem nagned ualak g

kaggn ,turun uam .kelbbad suleid gnaraj gnamem ini raseb kaga gnay kanA -

licek gnay itrepes inametid atnim uata sule - licek hisam utkaw ulud…uti licek

leb gnaY .igal kaggn gnarakes ipat ayi irad gnayas hisak ay uti ihunepret mu

.aynautgnaro


621

GNOMAP NAGNED ARACNAWAW LISAH

amaN )2 namrofnI( RM .rB :

tapmeT oroB airaM.tS.AP umat gnauR :

iraH BIW 00.90 .lkP 3102 rebmetpeS 91 ,simaK : – BIW 51.01

1 .on( naitahreP naka nahutubeK - )4

.1 akerem hakapa mT ,rM ,gN ,zR ini kana tapmeek itamagnem rB huajeS

?nakitahrepid kutnu nanigniek ikilimem

aynnapakgnugnep ajas aynah nakhutubmem ini kana aumes aynrasad adaP

gnadak numan ,natahilek gnay ada ,adebreb - aynnatahilek gnay ada gnadak

pat huca .hutub aguj aynranebes akerem i

.2 ?naknigni akerem gnay apa itrepes naitahrep kutneB

aynaman gnay uata lanegnem hanrep kadit ini kana aumes aynranebeS

uti husagnep akam…ubi gnaroes gnayas hisak naktapadnem uata apmujreb

gnaroes idajnem surah uam kadit uam ipat ,nilpisid ,rutagnem asib kapab

kana isautis iuhategnem nad natakednep ada itra malad ubi gnaroes itah aguj

gnaroes iagabes itah ada surah aguj uti gnipmasid ipat..hides akerem taas id

akerem akam nautnab hutub akerem ualak aynlasim…namet uata tabahas

iulalem naitahrep nakhutub akerem gnilap gnaY .tabahas gnaroes hutub

namet - hibel ini akerem rikip ayas idaj…adnacreb ,niamreb kutnu namet

anam ek anerak ,niamreb gnanes uata hutub - ualak…naniam awab anam

iam nakidajid ajas apa ,gnerelek ,kodnes naniam nakam nanaiam rudit olk ,nan

gnadak - .acab libmas rudit gnadak


irahes nakam nahutubek ,pukuc gnay niamreb kutnu utkaw aynadA - ,irah

nakanug akerem taharitsi utkaw aynasaib ipat ,taharitsi maj ualak taharitsi

.niamreb kutnu


721


nagned ini pudih inalajnem asib akerem..kolocnem utigeb tahilem kadit imaK

..lamron

,itakedid ulrep aynranebes gN itrepes aynpakis malad numan

kaga uti mT kutnu ualak…nakitahrepid badd kel aguj aid itakedid olk ipatet

aynkana uti zR ualaK .takednem inareb aid uti rM ualaK .kanulrepid asib

aynlasim ,tilus kaga aid amuC…takednem inareb akubret aguj aynranebes

ipat .asib hibel isakinumok kutnu ipat asaib raul ayntilus naknugnabid ualak

alak nakhutubmem aynitsem gnay rM ,mT ,gN ,zR itrepes ini kana tapme ek u

.gnaruk hisam gnay agraulek irad gnayas hisak


.5 helo imahapid kutnu nanigniek ikilimem akerem hakapa ,rB turuneM


aynrasad adap ayI helo hutnesret hanrep kadit uti gN itreps ,hutub kana aumes

,uam kadit nupiksem ,mT..imahapid kutnu hutub ai..ubi gnaroes hisak

kana..uti kutnu nahutubek ada aynranebes ipat kalonem - adap ini kana

raK .irid putunem kadit idaj ,nakragnednem ,akubret aynrasad kana ada ane

kana ipat agnilet putunem ,ragnednem uam kadit uatirebid gnay - ini kana

kaynab tutnunem kadit akubret pukuc

.6 ?naknigni akerem gnay apa itrepes namahamep kutneB

urug ub iharamid signanem taas namahamep ,idabirp araces natakedneP

…ropal

.7 rB akiJ gnay apa itrepes namahamep kutneb ,ini kana tapmeek itamagnem

? akerem igab ihunepret hadus

ualak anerak itukatid kuntu nanimod hibel ayas nakatak ayas helob ualaK

gnadak..rutaid kutnu hasus inagesid gnay ada kaggn - nalaj kaja ayas gnadak -

nanes akerem…nalaj isautis ,isaerker kutnu nakudnirem aynranebes akerem ,g

”.nial


821

.8 ipat naknigni akerem aynranebes gnay namahamep kutneb ada hakapA

?ihunepret muleb

”.nial isautis ,isaerker kutnu nakudnirem aynranebes akerem

9 .on( naagrahgneP naka nahutubeK - )21

.9 ad id hakapA ?iagrahid kutnu nanigniek ada gN nad ,mT ,zR ,rM irid mal

iagrahid kutnu nanigniek ikilimem akerem ,ada uti kana paites aY


hibel ahasureb ,tagnames hibel asib kutnu tagnames ,nagnorod irebid idaJ

m…kiab sagut ada aynlasi - amiret hisakid ay nakajrekid hadus gnay sagut

arik ijupid ,hisak - .nakhutub akerem gnay haluti arik

.11 ?ihunepret hadus gnay apa itrepes naarahgnep kutneB

,tagnames akerem lopmej irebid ,itilet ,tekip nijar uti aid ualak aynlasiM

olk…hariag hadum zR olk..natahilek gnaruk gnamem…uti mT…mT ,gN

aynup uti ayniagabes nad nahutubek laos aracib ,gnomogn kutnu

akerem akitek..itah aynup aguj aid…nahutubek atnim ualak aynlasim…itah

agnubreb gnay itah utaus lubmit ulal akerem ,ijupid - es asar ada ,agnub ,gnan

namet irad naktapadid aguj naagrahgnep …aggnab - niam taas hotnoc.namet

namet alob kapes - aynasaib uti gnikgnar tapad ualak nad ,ikaroynem namet

.ijupid

.21 ihunepret muleb gnay apa itrepes naagrahgnep kutneB

ses ada kadit ualak..utauses …imak ayntilus inI uata kapman gnay utau

ualak ipat kapmaN kadit gnamem mT itrepes..tilus ay akerem irad lojnonem

itahisanid tunam .


921

31( naarsemeK naka nahutubeK - )61



akerem ,aY .autgnaro agned arsem aynaman gnay hutub ini aumes


ualak anerak..itukatid kutnu nanimod hibel ayas nakatak ayas helob ualaK

.hutub ini kana tapmeek..rutaid kutnu hasus inagesid gnay ada kaggn

k /naarsemek hibel idaj…namet nagned natabahasrep iulalem natakede

taas ada ualak aguj..namet iulalem helorepid kaynab - aynlasim ,awemitsi taas

… umat ada ualak


da“ :aynat ulal aynalapek sule ayas tikas gnades naklasiM ualak ”?…apa a

kag ho“ :anakatak ayas sanap ulalret kaggn ualak uata…serpmok ayas sanap

apa - gnadak.…”hubmes igal ratnebes apa - ualak umak he“ :aynat ayas gnadk

iadnap surah gnamem…”?hasus kok naknugnabid - akerem aynasaib…iadnap

gnadak…aynnamet irad naktapad - gnay ualak itamagnem gnanes ayas gnadak

raseb gnay amas gnednagid ,gnodnegid ,gnopobid gnadak licek -

kida adap naitahrep aynup aguj ipat ilakanid gnadak…raseb - .aynkida

pudih idaj aynanasauS

.61 ?ihunepret muleb gnay apa itrepes naarsemek kutneB

aynrasad adaP aguj akerem awhab ,kapab gnaroes hutub gnamem uti akerem

b akij tuki niamreb akitek…nakhutub akerem gnay halini ubi ipat bitret hutu

kana ay sob idaj ualak ,natapmesek ada - kadit akerem suret ubi olk ,tukat kana

kana aynasaiB .kapab hutub aguj akerem suret namet idaj ualak ,turun uam -

suleid nigni ini kana - mem ,sule sulegnem kutnu gnaraj imak gna - ,sule

.gnaruk hisam uti ubi gnaroes itrepes gnayas hisak irebmem ,gnodneggnem


031

HUSAGNEP NAGNED ARACNAWAW LISAH

amaN )3 namrofnI ( MD :

tapmeT oroB airaM.tS.AP umat gnauR :

iraH BIW 00.80 .lkP 3102 rebmetpeS 02 ,tamuJ : – 0 BIW 00.9

1 .on( naitahreP naka nahutubeK - )4

.1 akerem hakapa mT ,rM ,gN ,zR ini kana tapmeek itamagnem mD sam huajeS

?nakitahrepid kutnu nanigniek ikilimem

kayak aynlasim ,adA kemayn ( kcans ,aud kok ini“ :gnalib gnay ada )

gnadak..”utas amuc aid aratnemes - dak ,susuhk nakitahrepid nigni..ulam gna

kutnu ,mT ,zR ,gN ,rM itrepes apasid negnep gnadak

ulales aguj igap ualak…apa aynnarajalep idat aynlasim.…nakitahrepid

kutnu raseb gnay nanigniek aynup akerem..ay..rajaleb tamales..apasid

.nakitahrepid

.2 aitahrep kutneB ?naknigni akerem gnay apa itrepes n

,niamreb ajrekeb hurus ,niamreb aguj rajaleb hurus..uti niamreb ay…niamreB

uti rM ualaK .amas aynaumes..niamreb aguj rudit hurus

gnadak uti mT amas zR ualak pt ,gnanet...asaib…melak - hutub gnadak

id ualak susuhk naitahrep ualak igalapa…tagnames ,gnanes aid nakitahrep

nalaj akus rajaleb ualak…gnanes nad uam aid rajaleb taas ihotnocid -

gnay apa rabmaggnem hurus ayas…rabmaggnem sap ualak aynlasim.nalaj

uti gN ualaK .tagnames rajaleb aynkoseb gnanes aid uti iakus ai gnilap

nadak g irem nakadebid asarem gN aynlasim…naitahrep lah malad ayniri ,

…ukub ,ikak soak aynlasim ..kadit aid hisakid aynnial gnay ,nial gnay nagned


hadus aynnaitahrep ,ihunepret pukuc hadus naitahrep ualaK …kaynab pukuc


131


takab nikgnuM - malad uti gnaruk hisam gnay…nakitahrepid ulrep uti takab

gnadak..agarhalo lah - hisam gnaY .ayntakab adebreb uti kana nak gnadak

m uti utapes kayak agar halo ualak gnaruk …liretam nahutubek ,gnaruk hisa


.5 helo imahapid kutnu nanigniek ikilimem akerem hakapa ,mD sam turuneM


ada uti gnomap uata husagnep helo imahapid kutnu nanigniek ualaK

.6 ay apa itrepes namahamep kutneB ?naknigni akerem gn

akerem..gnaruk hisam uti ,ihisakid ulales nak kana aynasaib ,uti hisaK kayaK

niamreb uti mT ualak .naitregnep hutub - ruget ayas…suret niamreb…niam

usen irebid akitek imahapid aasarem akerem idaJ …niamreb irah gnajnapes

mreb kutnu utkaw gnay niamreb kutnu nasabebek ireb ayas gnadaK .nia

kapes niam gnay ada gnadaK .itnap irad raulek helob kadit akerem gnitnep

gnayal ,alob - leb ayas utkaw..utig hadus ay hadus ualak gnerelek…gnayal

”idnam gnusgnal akerem

.7 ni kana tapmeek itamagnem mD sam akiJ apa itrepes namahamep kutneb ,i

? akerem igab ihunepret hadus gnay

irebid akerem irah paites ,niamreb kutnu utkaw ay uti ihunepret hadus gnaY

kutnu nakanug akerem kaynab hibel uti aynutkaw ,niamreb kutnu utkaw

.aynnamet amas naniam

.8 hamep kutneb ada hakapA ipat naknigni akerem aynranebes gnay nama

?ihunepret muleb

urab niamreb hadus ualak…suret niamreb negnep ay uti akerem ipat ,haduS

gnadak ipat…saup akerem - nalaj negnep akerem uti gnadak - .raul ek nalaj

kag ipat raulek negnep akerem utbas irah ualak aynasiB muleb gnay utI helob

nalaj ualak nak aynasaib…ihunepret - manan gnaro tahilem akerem uti nalaj


231

gnay isan idajnem iapmas anamig aynsesorp nisalej ayas gnadak surt idap

ulrep ajrek kutneb malad uti gnaruk hisam gnay irah paites nakam atik

kaggn ,hotnoc hisakid aynlasim..hotnoc irebid aynasaiB .hurusid gnusgnal

itnehreb uam kaggn gnadak gnanes akerem hotnoc hisakid ualak ,ajrek taas

adap hatnirepid aynah ualak…iridnesret nasaupek ada nikgnum ajrekeb

at nijar rM ualak..tagnames uti hotnoc hisakid ualak ipat..iral aid hurusid apn

zR…iaseles hadus ualak aynnamet utnab gnadak ,iridnes nakajregnem hadus

,ajrek lasa hotnoc ada kaggn ualak…uam aid urab ulud hotnoc irebid ulrep uti

lasa - ajrekeb urab ulud ihotnocid ulrep uti mT amas gN .hisreb kaggn ,nalasa

oc irebid ualak tagnames akerem hotn

9 .on( naagrahgneP naka nahutubeK - )21

.9 ?iagrahid kutnu nanigniek ada gN nad ,mT ,zR ,rM irid malad id hakapA

iagrahid kutnu nanigniek ada ini kana aumes ,ada aY


ada aynlasim…naijuP taiciforp surt 06 ialin tapad ,rM itrepes…ialin

uti mT olk..niramek gnay nagned halak nagnaj igal naktakgnitid ulrep..utig

gnadak zR olk ,...sugab kaga gN olk…lakan - uti gN ,nurunem gnadak

sata ek 07 uata 56…libats

.11 muleb gnay apa itrepes naarahgnep kutneB ?ihunepret

gnadak ,hisaK ,.…hisaK uuti gnaruk hisam gnaY - nak gnadak

nalaj kajaid aynlasim…iharamid - kajaid ulrep idaj suret malad id nak nalaj

nalaj - .hisreb ,kiab nagned aynsagut nakukalem ualak amaturet…nalaj

.21 gab ihunepret muleb gnay naagrahgnep ada akiJ aynkutneb uti ,akerem i

?apa itrepes

.gnaruk hisam uti naagrahgnep..iiidaJ .iharamid gnires hibel ,ijupid gnaraJ


331

31 .on( naarsemeK naka nahutubeK - )61



ebes ,aY gN amas mT amaturet naarsemek hutub taked nigni akerem aynran

licek kajes irad aynaut gnaro uat kadit uti akerem anerak


rudit utkaw ,nakam ,aod utkaw aynlasim ,ignipmadid ulales hutub akereMak…niuggnutid )AMS ,PMS( raseb kana amas tukat gnad


gnadak..hamur ek gnalup ualak aynah ,gnaraj hisam uti aut gnaro irad ualaK

.hanrep muleb uti gN amas mT ipat…ilakes nuhat aud uti

.61 b gnay apa itrepes naarsemek kutneB ?ihunepret mule

idaj ..autgnaro aynaman gnay lanegnem hanrep kadit licek irad uti mT ,gN

.autgnaro nagned taked uata arsem nigni aynranebes akerem


431

KEJBUS TAPMEEK ISATNEMUKOD IDUTS

.1 I kejbuS

.a kejbus amaN RM :

.b saleK DS 5 :

.c itnap kusaM 8002 :

.d rihal laggnaT 2002 inuJ 8 :

.e lasa tamalA lutnaB :

.f kanA eK : - araduasreb aud irad 2

.g aut gnaro amaN WP ubI :

tapmes aguj RM ubI .licek hisam ai kajes aynhaya helo naklaggnitid RM

ek nakkusamid RM mulebes aynamal utkaw aparebeb RM naklaggninem

nen helo itnap nad ,kenen ,kekak nagned amasreb laggnit RM .aynke

,ipukucnem kadit gnay imonoke naadaek aneraK .aynnaupmerep kakak

asib naparah nagned itnap id aynkenen helo nakpititid RM aynrihka

nad pukuc gnay naupmamek ikilimem RM ,tropar ukub malaD .halokes

ukalirep .kiab gnologret

.2 II kejbuS

.a kejbus amaN GN :

.b saleK DS 5 :

.c rihal laggnaT 1002 rebmeseD 8 :

.d itnap kusaM 8002 :

4 naripmaL


531

.e lasa tamalA atrakaygoY :

.f kanA : -

.g aut gnaro amaN : -

atad ikilimem kadit GN - atad atad - itnaP id laggnit mulebeS .agraulek atad

ai ,oroB artuP .YID isiporP gnabaC nasayaY utas halas id laggnit hanrep

nakhareynem nad nakkusamem nasayaY kahip helo ,KT irad sulul haleteS

hisam GN .oroB artuP nahusA itnaP surugnep adapek aynhunepes GN

hanrep gnay husagnep aman aparebeb nad nasayay aman tagnignem

arem takgniT .KT iapmas iyab irad kajes laggnit ai anam id taw

raseb hulupes kusam hanrep aI .kiab kusamret GN lautkeletni naupmamek

halada lojnonem gnilap nad iakus ai gnay narajalep ataM .aynsalek id

.akitametaM

.3 III kejbuS

.a kejbus amaN ZR :

.b saleK DS 6 :

.c gnaT rihal lag 1002 iluJ 12 :

.d itnap kusaM 9002 :

.e lasa tamalA nalitnuM :

.f kanA araduasreb 3 irad amatreP :

.g aut gnaro amaN NS ubi nad KF .kpB :


631

hakinem ZR ubI .aynkida nad ,ubi ,haya irad iridret ZR agraulek atoggnA

m ZR .aynimaus helo naklaggnitid haletes igal kida gnaroes iaynupme

haya irad naupmerep kida utas nad ayngnudnak haya irad naupmerep

aynirit haya nad nanugnab okot utas halas adap ajrekeb ZR ubI .aynirit

gnaro helo itnapid nakpititid ZR ,imonoke nasala aneraK .rasap id iluk

utas nagned amasreb aynaut asib akerem raga aynnaupmerep kida

taas adap ilakes nuhates hamur ek gnalup aynkida nad ZR .halokesreb

ukub laujnem hanrep ZR .halokes gnajnap narubil - aynnamet kilim ukub

naupmameK .najaj kutnu kaol gnakut ek itnap kilim gnarab aparebeb nad

R lautkeletni .rabmaggnem nataigek iakuynem aI .pukuc Z

.4 VI kejuS

.a kejbus amaN MT :

.b saleK DS 4 :

.c rihal laggnaT 2002 rebmetpeS 12 :

.d AP kusaM 8002 :

.e lasa tamalA atrakaygoY :

.f kanA amatreP :

.g aut gnaro amaN : -

raulid nagnubuh lisah irad rihal MT haresid aI .hakin halas helo nak

oroB airaM atcnaS nahusA itnaP ek atrakaygoY id nasayay utas

gnologret MT lautkeletni nauapmameK .KT irad sulul haletes


731

MT .aracibreb akitek pagag aI .salek kian kadit hanrep nad gnaruk

kilimep helo namukuh naktapadnem naktapadnem hanrep

ep naawesr noitatS yalP anerak aynhalokes taked id ada gnay

nakhisrebmem SP kilimep helo isknas irebid aI .gnau libmagnem

.uggnim utas amales aynhamur


831

5 naripmaL


931

6 naripmaL


plagiat merupakan tindakan tidak terpuji - core.ac.uk · j urus an ilm u pendidikan fakultas keg u...

Documents