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PERANCANGAN ENVIRONMENT 3D DALAM

ANIMASI 2D “BREAK ZONE”

Ditulis sebagai salah satu syarat untuk memperoleh gelar Sarjana Seni (S.Sn)

Laporan Tugas Akhir

Nama : Michelle Gracia

NIM : 09120210023

Program Studi : Desain Komunikasi Visual

Fakultas : Seni & Desain

UNIVERSITAS MULTIMEDIA NUSANTARA

TANGERANG

2013

Perancangan Environtment 3D.., Michelle Gracia, FSD UMN, 2013

Yang bertanda tangan di bawah ini, saya :

Nama : Michelle Gracia

NIM : 09120210023

Program Studi : Desain Komunikasi Visual

Fakultas : Seni dan Desain

Menyatakan bahwa Tugas Akhir ini adalah karya ilmiah saya sendiri, bukan plagiat

dari karya ilmiah yang ditulis ole

ilmiah orang lain atau lembaga lain yang dirujuk dalam Tugas Akhir ini telah

disebutkan sumber kutipann

Tangerang, 11 Februari 2013

Michelle Gracia

iii

PERNYATAAN

Yang bertanda tangan di bawah ini, saya :

: Michelle Gracia

: 09120210023

: Desain Komunikasi Visual

: Seni dan Desain

bahwa Tugas Akhir ini adalah karya ilmiah saya sendiri, bukan plagiat

dari karya ilmiah yang ditulis oleh orang lain atau lembaga lain, dan semua karya


disebutkan sumber kutipannya serta dicantumkan di Daftar Pustaka.

Februari 2013

bahwa Tugas Akhir ini adalah karya ilmiah saya sendiri, bukan plagiat

h orang lain atau lembaga lain, dan semua karya



iv

KATA PENGANTAR

Puji dan syukur penulis haturkan kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa atas segala

berkat dan bimbingan-Nya dari awal pembuatan laporan Tugas Akhir “Perancangan

Environment 3D dalam Animasi 2D Break Zone”, sampai selesai tepat pada

waktunya. Atas segala penyertaan-Nya yang diberikan kepada penulis, maka penulis

dapat memberikan usaha yang semaksimal mungkin dalam membuat laporan Tugas

Akhir ini yang menjadi salah satu syarat kelulusan untuk memperoleh gelar sarjana

desain di Universitas Multimedia Nusantara.

Selama proses pembuatan Tugas Akhir ini, penulis mendapat banyak

dukungan dan bantuan dari banyak pihak, sehingga laporan Tugas Akhir ini dapat

selesai dengan baik. Oleh karena itu, dalam kesempatan kali ini penulis ingin

mengucapkan terima kasih kepada pihak-pihak tersebut, antara lain :

1. M.S. Gumelar, M.A., selaku Dekan Fakultas Seni dan Desain, yang

telah memberikan motivasi dan dukungan kepada penulis.

2. Desi Dwi Kristanto, M.Ds., selaku Ketua Program Studi Desain

Komunikasi Visual yang telah bekerja keras dalam menyiapkan sidang

Tugas Akhir, sehingga semua dapat berjalan dengan lancar.

3. Mohammad Rizaldi, S.T., M.Ds. selaku pembimbing penulis dalam

pembuatan karya dan penulisan laporan Tugas Akhir. Beliau dengan

sabar telah membimbing penulis dan memberikan waktu dan tenaga

dari awal pembuatan Tugas Akhir ini sampai selesai.

4. Fachrul Fadly, S.Ked. yang rela meluangkan waktunya untuk

membantu penulis dalam menyelesaikan laporan serta memberikan


v

banyak sekali masukan yang berguna bagi penulis dalam membuat

Tugas Akhir.

5. Yusup Sigit Martyastiadi, S.T., M.Inf.Tech yang membimbing penulis

dalam menyusun struktur laporan Tugas Akhir dan memberikan

wawasan baru bagi penulis.

6. Felomina Fely, selaku dosen pengajar mata kuliah Interior and Exterior

Design yang sudah banyak membantu penulis dalam menyelesaikan

Tugas Akhir.

7. Pada para dosen yang menjadi penguji selama prasidang, yang telah

memberikan masukan-masukan penting yang berguna dalam

pembuatan proyek Tugas Akhir penulis.

8. Orangtua penulis yang selalu mendoakan dan mendukung penulis agar

dapat menyelesaikan laporan Tugas Akhir ini dengan baik.

9. Rekan tim Break Zone, Setyawan Nugraha, Stephanie, Marcella

Adriani, Indahwaty, Angela Nathania, Alven Resta, dan Elizabeth

Cynthia yang telah berjuang keras memberikan yang terbaik dalam

pembuatan Tugas Akhir ini.

10. Sahabat-sahabat penulis yang telah menemani penulis sepanjang masa

perkuliahan dan membantu penulis dalam penulisan laporan Tugas

Akhir ini.

11. Pihak-pihak lainnya yang tidak dapat penulis sebutkan satu per satu.


vi

Penulis menyadari bahwa laporan Tugas Akhir ini masi jauh dari sempurna,

namun penulis berharap agar laporan ini dapat bermanfaat bagi orang lain dalam

memahami proses perancangan sebuah environment. Akhir kata, penulis ingin

meminta maaf untuk segala kekurangan yang ada. Semoga bermanfaat.

Tangerang, Februari 2013

Penulis

Michelle Gracia


vii

ABSTRAKSI

Environment dan objek-objek yang berada di dalamnya adalah unsur penting yang ada dalam sebuah media bercerita, misalnya film dan novel. Dimana dengan penggambaran environment dan objek yang baik, maka akan mendukung dalam memberikan gambaran suatu cerita. Dalam pembuatan sebuah film, diperlukan pendefinisian environment secara tepat dan teliti agar pesan yang ingin disampaikan dapat diterima oleh penonton dengan baik. Dalam laporan ini, penulis akan membahas mengenai proses perancangan environment dalam animasi.

Penulis akan mencoba menggabungkan teknologi modeling objek 3D, kedalam sebuah animasi pendek 2D. Animasi yang dimaksud adalah animasi yang berjudul “Break Zone”. Animasi ini berdurasi sekitar 7 menit. Genre yang diangkat dalam pembuatan environment cerita ini adalah science fiction. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan studi secara mendalam dari berbagai media yang ada untuk menemukan ciri khas dan konsep desain yang menggambarkan sebuah environment yang bergenre science fiction yang sesuai dengan cerita animasi “Break Zone”.

Kata kunci : animasi, desain, environment, modeling, science fiction.


viii

ABSTRACT

Environment and the objects within it are the important element of storytelling medium, like movie or novel, which with a good environment and object, will support and draw the picture of a story. In the process of making movie, it is required to have proper and accurate environment definition, in order to perfectly relay the message contained to viewer. In this report, the author will discuss the process of environment design in animation.

The author will try to combine 3D object modeling technology into a short 2D animation. The animation is called “Break Zone”, a 7 minutes long duration movie, with science fiction as the genre of environment. Therefore, the author need to do research and in-depth study from several available media to find the special characteristic and design concepts, which give the picture of science fiction genre animation that matched with the “Break Zone” story.

Keywords: animation, design, environment, modeling, science fiction.


ix

DAFTAR ISI

HALAMAN PENGESAHAN TUGAS AKHIR.....................................................................ii

PERNYATAAN...................................................................................................................iii

KATA PENGANTAR.......................................................................................................... iv

ABSTRAKSI ......................................................................................................................vii

ABSTRACT.......................................................................................................................viii

DAFTAR ISI........................................................................................................................ ix

DAFTAR GAMBAR .........................................................................................................xiii

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ....................................................................................................xviii

BAB I PENDAHULUAN...................................................................................................... 1

1.1. Latar Belakang............................................................................................................ 1

1.2. Rumusan Masalah....................................................................................................... 3

1.3. Batasan Masalah ......................................................................................................... 3

1.4. Tujuan Tugas Akhir .................................................................................................... 3

1.5. Manfaat Tugas Akhir .................................................................................................. 4

1.6. Sistematika Penulisan.................................................................................................. 4

1.7. Metodologi ................................................................................................................. 5

BAB II LANDASAN TEORI................................................................................................ 6

2.1. Animasi ...................................................................................................................... 6

2.1.1. Animasi 2D ...................................................................................................... 6

2.1.2. Animasi 3D ...................................................................................................... 7

2.1.3. Stop Motion ...................................................................................................... 8

2.2. Hybrid Animation........................................................................................................ 9


x

2.3. Proses Pembuatan Film Animasi ............................................................................... 10

2.3.1. Praproduksi .................................................................................................... 10

2.3.2. Produksi ......................................................................................................... 12

2.3.3. Pascaproduksi................................................................................................. 12

2.4. Anime........................................................................................................................ 12

2.5. Environment Design.................................................................................................. 14

2.5.1. Penyusunan Konsep ....................................................................................... 15

2.5.2. Pembuatan Sketsa........................................................................................... 16

2.5.3. Pembuatan Objek 3D...................................................................................... 17

2.6. Perspektif.................................................................................................................. 19

2.7. Arsitektural dalam Pembuatan Environment.............................................................. 22

2.7.1. Elemen-Elemen Konstruksi ............................................................................ 23

2.7.1.1. Struktur .............................................................................................. 23

2.7.1.2. Pondasi............................................................................................... 24

2.7.1.3. Tembok dan Bukaan........................................................................... 24

2.7.1.4. Atap ................................................................................................... 25

2.8. Science Fiction.......................................................................................................... 26

2.9. Futuristic Architecture .............................................................................................. 30

2.10. Teori Warna ............................................................................................................ 32

2.10.1. Color Wheel ................................................................................................. 33

2.10.2. Warna Science Fiction.................................................................................. 34

2.11. Pembuatan Environment 3D dalam Film Animasi ................................................. 35

2.11.1. Modeling ...................................................................................................... 35

2.11.1.1. Poly Modeling................................................................................ 35

2.11.1.2. Edge Modeling ............................................................................... 36

2.11.1.3. Spline Modeling ............................................................................. 37


xi

2.11.2. Texturing ...................................................................................................... 37

2.11.2.1. Color Diffuse.................................................................................. 38

2.11.2.2. Opacity and Transparency ............................................................. 39

2.11.2.3. Reflection and Refraction ............................................................... 40

2.11.2.4. Shininess and Specular Highlights ................................................. 40

2.11.2.5. Bump.............................................................................................. 41

2.11.2.6. Displacement ................................................................................. 41

2.11.2.7. Normal Map................................................................................... 41

2.11.3. Lighting........................................................................................................ 41

2.11.3.1. Point Lights (Omnidirectional)....................................................... 42

2.11.3.2. Spotlights ....................................................................................... 42

2.11.3.3. Directional Lights .......................................................................... 43

2.11.3.4. Area Lights .................................................................................... 43

BAB III METODOLOGI .................................................................................................... 46

3.1. Gambaran Umum...................................................................................................... 46

3.1.1. Metode Tugas Akhir....................................................................................... 47

3.1.2. Sinopsis.......................................................................................................... 48

3.2. Praproduksi............................................................................................................... 49

3.2.1. Penyusunan Konsep ....................................................................................... 49

3.2.1.1. Brainstorming .................................................................................... 49

3.2.1.2. Studi Eksisting ................................................................................... 60

3.2.2. Wawancara..................................................................................................... 67

3.2.3. Pembuatan Sketsa........................................................................................... 70

3.2.3.1. Sketsa Kasar....................................................................................... 70

3.2.3.2. Modelsheet ......................................................................................... 72


xii

3.3. Produksi.................................................................................................................... 76

3.3.1. Modeling ........................................................................................................ 76

3.3.2. Texturing........................................................................................................ 80

3.3.3. Lighting.......................................................................................................... 83

3.3.4. Rendering....................................................................................................... 86

3.3.5. Coloring ......................................................................................................... 87

3.4. Pascaproduksi ........................................................................................................... 89

3.4.1. Aplikasi Compositing ..................................................................................... 89

BAB IV ANALISA DAN PEMBAHASAN ........................................................................ 92

4.1. Modeling Environment .............................................................................................. 92

4.2. Skala dalam Environment.......................................................................................... 94

4.3. Pembagian Rendering ............................................................................................... 96

4.4. Analisis Gedung Sekolah .......................................................................................... 98

4.5. Analisis Ruang Kelas .............................................................................................. 102

4.6. Analisis Ruang Break Zone ..................................................................................... 105

4.7. Analisis Battlefield .................................................................................................. 108

BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN ............................................................................. 110

5.1. Kesimpulan............................................................................................................. 110

5.2. Saran....................................................................................................................... 112

DAFTAR PUSTAKA.........................................................................................................xix


xiii

DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 2.1. Mulan................................................................................................................ 7

Gambar 2.2. Brave ................................................................................................................ 8

Gambar 2.3. Coraline ............................................................................................................ 9

Gambar 2.4. Treasure Planet................................................................................................ 10

Gambar 2.5. Anime Guilty Crown........................................................................................ 13

Gambar 2.6. Sketsa Kasar.................................................................................................... 17

Gambar 2.7. Tampak Depan dan Samping........................................................................... 18

Gambar 2.8. Tahap Modeling Sampai Texturing .................................................................. 18

Gambar 2.9. Perspektif Warna............................................................................................ 20

Gambar 2.10. Perspektif Satu Titik Hilang ......................................................................... 21

Gambar 2.11. Perspektif Dua Titik Hilang.......................................................................... 21

Gambar 2.12. Perspektif Tiga Titik Hilang ......................................................................... 22

Gambar 2.13. Struktur Bangunan........................................................................................ 23

Gambar 2.14. Pondasi.......................................................................................................... 24

Gambar 2.15. Tembok dan Bukaan...................................................................................... 25

Gambar 2.16. Atap .............................................................................................................. 26

Gambar 2.17. Perubahan DNA Monyet pada Film Rise Of The Planet Of The Apes............ 27

Gambar 2.18. Panel Hologram Touchscreen pada Film Guilty Crown ................................. 28

Gambar 2.19. Kiamat di Masa depan pada Film 2012.......................................................... 29

Gambar 2.20. Unsur supernatural dalam film I Am Number Four........................................ 29

Gambar 2.21. Vitra Fire Station di Jerman oleh Zaha Hadid................................................ 31


xiv

Gambar 2.22. Subtractive Color .......................................................................................... 32

Gambar 2.23. Additive Color ............................................................................................... 32

Gambar 2.24. Color Wheel .................................................................................................. 33

Gambar 2.25. Warna Primer, Sekunder, dan Tersier ............................................................ 33

Gambar 2.26. Poster Film The Dark Knight......................................................................... 34

Gambar 2.27. Poly Modeling ............................................................................................... 36

Gambar 2.28. Edge Modeling .............................................................................................. 36

Gambar 2.29. Spline Modeling ............................................................................................ 37

Gambar 2.30. Texturing....................................................................................................... 38

Gambar 2.31. Point Lights................................................................................................... 42

Gambar 2.32. Spotlights ...................................................................................................... 42

Gambar 2.33. Directional Lights ......................................................................................... 43

Gambar 2.34. Area Lights.................................................................................................... 44

Gambar 2.35. Cast Shadow ................................................................................................. 44

Gambar 2.36. Occlusion Shadow ......................................................................................... 45

Gambar 3.1 .Bagan Proses Perancangan Environment 3D.................................................... 47

Gambar 3.2. Mind Map ....................................................................................................... 50

Gambar 3.3. Tokyo University............................................................................................. 53

Gambar 3.4. Sketsa Awal Sekolah ....................................................................................... 54

Gambar 3.5. Ruang Kelas Jepang ........................................................................................ 56

Gambar 3.6. Ruangan dalam Avatar .................................................................................... 57

Gambar 3.7. Kuil Mayan ..................................................................................................... 59

Gambar 3.8. Sketsa Awal Battlefield ................................................................................... 59

Gambar 3.9. Teknologi Sebagai Media Visualisasi Digital .................................................. 61

Gambar 3.10. Gedung-gedung Futuristik ............................................................................. 61

Gambar 3.11. Ruang Kelas .................................................................................................. 62


xv

Gambar 3.12. Tampilan Mesin Guilty Crown ...................................................................... 63

Gambar 3.13. Arena Pertarungan......................................................................................... 63

Gambar 3.14. Gedung-gedung King Of Thorn..................................................................... 64

Gambar 3.15. Tampilan Mesin King Of Thorn .................................................................... 65

Gambar 3.16. Tampilan Monitor Pada Ruangan Kuno......................................................... 66

Gambar 3.17. Ruang Kelas Bergaya Kuno........................................................................... 66

Gambar 3.18. Ruangan yang Menjadi Arena Pertarungan ................................................... 67

Gambar 3.19. Sketsa Kasar Sekolah .................................................................................... 70

Gambar 3.20. Sketsa Kasar Ruang Kelas ............................................................................. 71

Gambar 3.21. Sketsa Kasar Ruang Break Zone .................................................................... 71

Gambar 3.22. Sketsa Kasar Battlefield................................................................................. 72

Gambar 3.23. Sketsa Kasar Denah Sekolah ......................................................................... 72

Gambar 3.24. Modelsheet Bangunan Kelas Tengah ............................................................. 73

Gambar 3.25. Modelsheet Gedung Olahraga........................................................................ 73

Gambar 3.26. Modelsheet Gedung Kelas Depan .................................................................. 74

Gambar 3.27. Modelsheet Gedung Utama............................................................................ 74

Gambar 3.28. Modelsheet Gedung Security ......................................................................... 74

Gambar 3.29. Modelsheet Gedung Break Zone .................................................................... 75

Gambar 3.30. Denah Bangunan Kawasan Sekolah “Cloud Academy” ................................. 75

Gambar 3.31. Legenda Denah Bangunan “Cloud Academy” ............................................... 76

Gambar 3.32. Hasil Modeling Gedung Sekolah Awal. ......................................................... 77

Gambar 3.33. Hasil Modeling Ruang Kelas Awal................................................................ 77

Gambar 3.34. Hasil Modeling Ruang Break Zone Awal....................................................... 78

Gambar 3.35. Hasil Modeling Battlefield Awal.. .................................................................. 78

Gambar 3.36. Hasil Modeling Kawasan Sekolah ................................................................. 79

Gambar 3.37. Hasil Modeling Ruang Kelas ......................................................................... 79


xvi

Gambar 3.38. Hasil Modeling Ruang Break Zone ................................................................ 80

Gambar 3.39. Hasil Modeling Battlefield ............................................................................. 80

Gambar 3.40. Diffuse Map................................................................................................... 81

Gambar 3.41. Bump Map..................................................................................................... 82

Gambar 3.42. Hasil Texturing.............................................................................................. 82

Gambar 3.43. Hasil Lighting Ruang Kelas........................................................................... 83

Gambar 3.44. Hasil Lighting Sekolah .................................................................................. 84

Gambar 3.45. Hasil Lighting Battlefield............................................................................... 84

Gambar 3.46. Hasil Lighting Ruang Break Zone.................................................................. 85

Gambar 3.47. Hasil Rendering V-ray Ruang Kelas. ............................................................. 86

Gambar 3.48. Hasil Rendering Mentalray Kawasan Sekolah ............................................... 86

Gambar 3.49. Hasil Rendering Mentalray Battlefield........................................................... 87

Gambar 3.50. Hasil Rendering Mentalray Ruang Break Zone.............................................. 87

Gambar 3.51. Saran Warna Kawasan Sekolah ..................................................................... 88

Gambar 3.52. Saran Warna Ruang Kelas ............................................................................. 88

Gambar 3.53. Saran Warna Ruang Break Zone .................................................................... 89

Gambar 3.54. Aplikasi Compositing “Cloud Academy”....................................................... 90

Gambar 3.55. Aplikasi Compositing Ruang Kelas. .............................................................. 90

Gambar 3.56. Aplikasi Compositing Ruang Break Zone ...................................................... 91

Gambar 3.57. Aplikasi Compositing Battlefield ................................................................... 91

Gambar 4.1. Ruang Kelas Kamera 1.................................................................................... 87

Gambar 4.2. Ruang Kelas Kamera 2.................................................................................... 87

Gambar 4.3. Penerapan Biped.............................................................................................. 87

Gambar 4.4. Meja Sebagai Foreground ............................................................................... 87

Gambar 4.5. Kursi dan Ruangan Sebagai Background ......................................................... 87

Gambar 4.6. Hasil Penyusunan Ruang Kelas ....................................................................... 87


xvii

Gambar 4.7. Kawasan Sekolah “Cloud Academy”............................................................... 87

Gambar 4.8. Denah Sekolah “Cloud Academy”................................................................... 87

Gambar 4.9. Peletakan Ruangan dalam Denah..................................................................... 87

Gambar 4.10. Logo dan Nama Sekolah................................................................................ 87

Gambar 4.11. Ruang Kelas Awal......................................................................................... 88

Gambar 4.12. Aplikasi Compositing untuk Teknologi.......................................................... 89

Gambar 4.13. Mesin Proyeksi Hologram pada Meja Kelas .................................................. 90

Gambar 4.14. Ruang Kelas .................................................................................................. 91

Gambar 4.15. Pintu Ruang Break Zone................................................................................ 92

Gambar 4.16. Penampakan dalam Ruangan Break Zone ...................................................... 93

Gambar 4.17. Mesin Scanner............................................................................................... 93

Gambar 4.18. Pengaplikasian Mesin Scanner ...................................................................... 93

Gambar 4.19. Battlefield...................................................................................................... 93

Gambar 4.20. Kamera Melayang ......................................................................................... 93

Gambar 4.21. Grid Kotak-kotak pada Battlefield ................................................................. 94


xviii

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN

LAMPIRAN A – TIM BREAK ZONE...............................................................................xxi

LAMPIRAN B – JADWAL KERJA................................................................................. xxiv

LAMPIRAN C – KAWASAN SEKOLAH CLOUD ACADEMY ...................................... xxvi

LAMPIRAN D – RUANG KELAS.................................................................................. xxix

LAMPIRAN E – RUANG BREAK ZONE ....................................................................... xxxii

LAMPIRAN F – BATTLEFIELD .................................................................................... xxxv

LAMPIRAN G – RUANG KEPALA SEKOLAH ........................................................ xxxviii

LAMPIRAN H – LORONG & LOBBY ................................................................................xl

LAMPIRAN I – BATTLEFIELD 2-STADIUM ..................................................................xlii

LAMPIRAN J – TRANSKRIP WAWANCARA...............................................................xliv

LAMPIRAN K – KARTU KONSULTASI........................................................................... lv


perancangan environtment 3d.., michelle gracia, fsd umn, 2013kc.umn.ac.id/1894/1/halaman awal.pdf3....

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