LAPORAN SKRIPSI

PERANCANGAN DAN IMPLEMENTASI SMART LAMP BERBASIS

ARDUINO UNO MENGGUNAKAN SENSOR CAHAYA DAN SENSOR

GERAK

BAMBANG PUJI ATMAJA

NIM. 201551019

DOSEN PEMBIMBING

Rizkysari Mei Maharani, S.Kom.,M.Kom

Esti Wijayanti, S.Kom.,M.Kom

PROGRAM STUDI TEKNIK INFORMATIKA

FAKULTAS TEKNIK

UNIVERSITAS MURIA KUDUS

2019

ii

HALAMAN PERSETUJUAN

iii

HALAMAN PENGESAHAN

iv

PERNYATAAN KEASLIAN

v

PERANCANGAN DAN IMPLEMENTASI SMART LAMP BERBASIS ARDUINO

UNO MENGGUNAKAN SENSOR CAHAYA DAN SENSOR GERAK

Nama : Bambang Puji Atmaja

Nim : 201551019

Dosen Pempimbing I : Rizkysari Mei Maharani, S.Kom.,M.Kom

Dosen Pembimbing II : Esti Wijayanti, S.Kom.,M.Kom

RINGKASAN

Akhir - akhir ini telah terjadi krisis energi di dunia. Karena terjadinya krisis

energi ini, maka terciptalah berbagai sumber energi alternatif sebagai upaya untuk

mencukupi kebutuhan energi yang kita gunakan. Maka kita sebagai pengguna yang

tidak tahu menahu tentang pembuatan atau proses dari terciptanya energi sehingga siap

pakai sangat penting untuk melakukan penghematan.

Energi yang berupa listrik dan bahan bakar minyak memang sangat

memanjakan kita. Bahkan kini manusia mulai tergantung terhadap listrik, sehingga

merasa dirugikan ketika mendapati listrik mati, yang bahkan dilakukan secara

bergiliran sebagai upaya penghematan energi akan listrik..

Salah satu masalah yan biasa ditemui sehari hari yaitu terkadang kita lupa

mematikan lampu yang tidak terpakai. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut maka

diperlukan sistem kontrol otomatis yaitu dengan membuat sistem smart lamp yang

menggunakan sensor cahaya dan sensor gerak yang dijalankan oleh arduino uno.

Konsep smart lamp ini bertujuan untuk mengurangi pemborosan energi listrik,

dengan cara memanfaatkan sensor cahaya dan sensor gerak untuk menghidupkan

lampu didalam ruangan.

Kata kunci : Smart Lamp, Sensor Cahaya, Sensor Gerak, Arduino

vi

PERANCANGAN DAN IMPLEMENTASI SMART LAMP BERBASIS ARDUINO

UNO MENGGUNAKAN SENSOR CAHAYA DAN SENSOR GERAK

Nama : Bambang Puji Atmaja

Nim : 201551019

Dosen Pempimbing I : Rizkysari Mei Maharani, S.Kom.,M.Kom

Dosen Pembimbing II : Esti Wijayanti, S.Kom.,M.Kom

ABSTRACT

Lately there has been an energy crisis in the world. Because of this energy crisis,

various alternative energy sources are created in an effort to meet the energy needs that

we use. So we as users who do not know anything about the making or process of creating

energy so that it is ready to use is very important to make savings.

Energy in the form of electricity and fuel oil really spoils us. Even now humans are

starting to depend on electricity, so they feel disadvantaged when they find dead electricity,

which is even carried out in turns as an effort to save electricity from electricity.

One of the problems commonly encountered everyday is that sometimes we forget to

turn off unused lights. To overcome this problem, an automatic control system is needed by

making a smart lamp system that uses a light sensor and motion sensor that is run by

Arduino Uno.

The smart lamp concept aims to reduce the waste of electrical energy, by using a light

sensor and motion sensor to turn on the lights in the room.

Keywords: Smart Lamp, Light Sensor, Motion Sensor, Arduino

vii

KATA PENGANTAR

Puji dan syukur penulis panjatkan atas kehadirat Allah SWT dan baginda Nabi

Muhammad SAW. Syukur Alhamdulillah, akhirnya penulis berhasil menyelesaikan

skripsi yang berberjudul “Perancangan Dan Implementasi Smart Lamp Berbasis Arduino

UNO Menggunakan Sensor Cahaya Dan Sensor Gerak”.

Penyusunan Skripsi ini ditujukan untuk memenuhi salah satu syarat memperoleh

gelar sarjana strata satu (S1). Dan Sistem atau aplikasi yang dibuat ini bertujuan untuk

dapat memudahkan kerja petugas dinas dan membuat lebih efisien dalam pekerjaannya.

Pelaksanaan pembuatan skripsi ini tak lepas dari bantuan dan dukungan beberapa

pihak, untuk itu penulis menyampaikan ucapan terima kasih kepada:

1) Bapak Dr. Suparnyo, S.H, M.S, selaku Rektor Universitas Muria Kudus.

2) Bapak Mohammad Dahlan, S.T, M.T, selaku Dekan Fakultas Teknik Universitas Muria Kudus.

3) Bapak Ahmad Jazuli, M.Kom, selaku Kepala Program Studi Teknik Informatika

yang telah membantu dalam memberikan surat ijin penelitian skripsi ini ke dinas

terkait.

4) Ibu Rizkysari Mei Maharani, S.Kom.,M.Kom selaku pembimbing I yang telah

banyak memberikan masukan selama penyusunan skripsi ini.

5) Ibu Esti Wijayanti, S.Kom.,M.Kom selaku pembimbing II yang telah banyak

memberikan masukan selama penyusunan skripsi ini.

6) Bapak, Ibu dan saudara-saudara serta teman-teman yang selalu dan senantiasa

memberikan doa, dukungan dan semangat untuk menyelesaikan skripsi ini.

Penulis menyadari adanya kekurangan dan ketidaksempurnaan dalam penulisan

laporan skripsi ini, karena itu penulis menerima kritik, saran dan masukan dari pembaca

sehingga penulis dapat lebih baik di masa yang akan datang. Akhirnya penulis berharap

semoga buku skripsi ini bisa bermanfaat

khususnya bagi penulis dan umumnya bagi para pembaca.

Kudus, 03 Juli 2019

Penulis

viii

DAFTAR ISI

LAPORAN SKRIPSI .................................................................................................................. i

HALAMAN PERSETUJUAN................................................................................................... ii

HALAMAN PENGESAHAN ................................................................................................. iii

PERNYATAAN KEASLIAN .................................................................................................. iv

RINGKASAN ............................................................................................................................ v

ABSTRACT .............................................................................................................................. vi

KATA PENGANTAR ............................................................................................................. vii

DAFTAR ISI ......................................................................................................................... viii

DAFTAR GAMBAR ................................................................................................................. x

DAFTAR TABEL .................................................................................................................... xii

BAB I ......................................................................................................................................... 1

PENDAHULUAN ..................................................................................................................... 1

1.1 Latar Belakang ............................................................................................................ 1

1.2 Perumusan Masalah..................................................................................................... 1

1.3 Batasan Masalah .......................................................................................................... 2

1.4 Tujuan.......................................................................................................................... 2

1.5 Manfaat........................................................................................................................ 2

BAB II ........................................................................................................................................ 3

TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ............................................................................................................ 3

2.1 Landasan Teori ............................................................................................................ 3

2.1.1 Sistem Kontrol ..................................................................................................... 3

2.1.2 Arduino ................................................................................................................ 3

2.1.3 Arduino / Genuino Uno ....................................................................................... 4

2.1.4 Arduino Software (IDE) ...................................................................................... 5

2.1.5 Mikrokontroler ..................................................................................................... 6

2.1.6 Sensor ................................................................................................................... 8

2.1.7 Sensor LDR (Light Dependent Resistor) ............................................................. 9

2.1.8 Sensor PIR (Passive Infrared Receiver) .............................................................. 9

2.1.9 Relay .................................................................................................................. 10

2.1.10 Kabel Jumper ..................................................................................................... 12

2.1.11 Lampu LED (Light Emitting Diode) ................................................................. 14

2.2 Kerangka Pikir........................................................................................................... 15

2.3 Desain Flowchart ...................................................................................................... 16

ix

BAB III .................................................................................................................................... 19

METODOLOGI ....................................................................................................................... 19

3.1 Metode Penelitian ...................................................................................................... 19

3.2 Alat dan Bahan .......................................................................................................... 20

3.3 Metode Perancangan ................................................................................................. 21

BAB IV .................................................................................................................................... 29

HASIL ANALISIS DAN PEMBAHASAN ............................................................................ 29

4.1. Metode Pengumpulan Data ....................................................................................... 29

4.1.1 Sumber Data Primer ........................................................................................... 29

4.1.2 Sumber Data Sekunder ...................................................................................... 29

4.2. Perancangan Sistem................................................................................................... 30

4.3. Perancangan Perangkat Keras ................................................................................... 31

4.3.1. Pemasangan PIN pada Arduino / Genuino UNO ............................................... 31

4.3.2. Pemasangan Kabel PIN pada Relay ................................................................... 32

4.3.3. Pemasangan Kabel PIN pada Sensor Gerak PIR ............................................... 36

4.3.4. Pemasangan Kabel PIN pada Sensor Cahaya LDR ........................................... 38

4.4. Perancangan Aplikasi ................................................................................................ 40

4.4.1. Pendefinisian PIN pada Software ...................................................................... 40

4.4.2. Script Setup Sistem Smart Lamp pada Aplikasi Arduino .................................. 41

4.4.3. Script Looping Sistem Smart Lamp pada Aplikasi Arduino ............................. 43

4.5. Hasil Implementasi Sistem ........................................................................................ 45

4.6. Hasil Uji Sistem ........................................................................................................ 50

4.6.1. Tabel Kinerja Sistem.......................................................................................... 50

BAB V ..................................................................................................................................... 57

PENUTUP................................................................................................................................ 57

5.1. Kesimpulan................................................................................................................ 57

5.2. Saran .......................................................................................................................... 58

DAFTAR PUSTAKA .............................................................................................................. 59

LAMPIRAN ............................................................................................................................. 61

x

DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 2.1 Logo Arduino ......................................................................................................... 3

Gambar 2.2 Arduino Uno .......................................................................................................... 4

Gambar 2.3 Software Arduino IDE ........................................................................................... 5

Gambar 2.4 Mikrokontroler ....................................................................................................... 6

Gambar 2.5 Blok Diagram Mikrokontroller .............................................................................. 7

Gambar 2.6 Sensor LDR ............................................................................................................ 9

Gambar 2.7 Sensor PIR.............................................................................................................. 9

Gambar 2.8 Relay .................................................................................................................... 10

Gambar 2.9 Kabel Male to Male .............................................................................................. 12

Gambar 2.10 Kabel Female to Female .................................................................................... 13

Gambar 2.11 Kabel Male to Female ....................................................................................... 13

Gambar 2.12 Lampu LED........................................................................................................ 14

Gambar 3.1 Desain Konsep ..................................................................................................... 20

Gambar 3.2 Flowchart Kerja Sensor LDR Intensitas Rendah ................................................. 22

Gambar 3.3 Flowchart Kerja Sensor LDR Intensitas Tinggi ................................................... 23

Gambar 3.4 Flowchart Kerja Sensor PIR ................................................................................ 25

Gambar 3.5 Flowchart Kerja Sensor PIR Lanjutan ................................................................. 26

Gambar 3.6 Flowchart Kerja Sensor PIR dan Sensor Cahaya Saat Bersamaan ...................... 27

Gambar 3.7 Flowchart Kerja Sensor PIR dan Sensor Cahaya Saat Bersamaan Lanjutan ....... 28

Gambar 4.1 Bagian Input Pada Relay ...................................................................................... 32

Gambar 4.2 Kabel Male Penghubung Relay dan Arduino / Genuino UNO ............................ 33

Gambar 4.3 Kabel Male IN Penghubung Relay dan Arduino / Genuino UNO ....................... 34

Gambar 4.4 Bagian Output pada Relay ................................................................................... 34

Gambar 4.5 Skema Kerja Bagian Output Relay ...................................................................... 35

Gambar 4.6 Tiga Pin Sensor Gerak PIR .................................................................................. 36

Gambar 4.7 Pemasangan Kabel Jumper ke Sensor Gerak PIR ................................................ 36

Gambar 4.8 Slot Penghubung Sensor Gerak PIR dengan Arduino / Genuino UNO ............... 37

Gambar 4.9 Tiga Pin pada Sensor Cahaya LDR...................................................................... 38

Gambar 4.10 Pemasangan Pin untuk Output (DO) dan VCC .................................................. 39

Gambar 4.11 Pemasangan Pin untuk Ground Sensor Cahaya LDR ........................................ 39

Gambar 4.12 Pendefinisian Pin dan Variable .......................................................................... 40

xi

Gambar 4.13 Proses Pembuatan Setup Pada Sistem ................................................................ 41

Gambar 4.14 Proses Looping Pada Sistem .............................................................................. 43

Gambar 4.15 Sensor Cahaya LDR Aktif ................................................................................. 45

Gambar 4.16 Tulisan “Ldr Urip” Pada Serial Monitor ............................................................ 46

Gambar 4.17 Sensor Gerak PIR Aktif ..................................................................................... 47

Gambar 4.18 Tulisan “Urip” Pada Serial Monitor................................................................... 47

Gambar 4.19 Tulisan “Urip” Berubah ke “Ldr Urip” Pada Serial Monitor ............................. 48

Gambar 4.20 Semua Sensor Dalam Keadaan Nol ................................................................... 49

Gambar 4.21 Tulisan “Mati” Pada Serial Monitor .................................................................. 49

Gambar 4.22 Cyclomatic Graph Sistem .................................................................................. 55

xii

DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 2.1 Kerangka pemikiran ................................................................................................. 15

Tabel 2.2 Desain Flowchart ..................................................................................................... 17

Tabel 4.1 Tabel Kinerja Hari Pertama ..................................................................................... 50

Tabel 4.2 Tabel Kondisi Hari Pertama .................................................................................... 50

Tabel 4.3 Tabel Kinerja Hari Kedua ........................................................................................ 51

Tabel 4.4 Tabel Kondisi Hari Kedua ....................................................................................... 51

Tabel 4.5 Tabel Kinerja Hari Ketiga ........................................................................................ 52

Tabel 4.6 Tabel Kondisi Hari Ketiga ....................................................................................... 52

Tabel 4.7 Tabel Blackbox Sistem ............................................................................................ 53

Tabel 4.8 Tabel Script Sistem .................................................................................................. 55