huraian sukatan sains ting 2

8/2/2019 Huraian Sukatan Sains Ting 2

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9

ScienceProcessSkills

ThinkingSkills

Predicting

Relating

Visualising

UsingSpace-Time

Relationship

Seque

ncing

Prioritising

Interpretingdata

Comparingandcontrasting

Analys

ing

Detectingbias

Makingconclusions

Generalising

Evalua

ting

Definingoperationally

Relating

Makinganalogy

Visualising

Analys

ing

Controllingvariables

Attribu

ting


Relating

Analys

ing

Makinghypothesis

Attribu

ting

Relating


Generatingideas

Makinghypothesis

Predic

ting

Synthesising


ThinkingSkills

Predicting

Relating

Visualising

UsingSpace-Time

Relationship

Sequencing

Prioritising

Interpretingdata


Analysing

Detectingbias

Makingconclusions

Generalising

Evaluating

Definingoperationally

Relating

Makinganalogy

Visualising

Analysing

Controllingvariables

Attributing


Relating

Analysing

Makinghypothesis

Attributing

Relating


Generatingideas

Makinghypothesis

Predicting

Synthesising


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10


ThinkingSkills

Experimenting

Allthin

kingskills

Communicating

Allthin

kingskills

TeachingandLearningbasedonThinkingSkills

andScientificSkills

Thissciencecurriculumemphasisesthoughtfullearningbasedon

thinkingskillsandscientificskills.Masteryofthinkingskillsand

scientificskillsareintegratedwiththeacquisitionofknowledgein

theintendedlearningoutcomes.

Thus,inteachingandlearning,

teachersneedtoemphasisethemasteryofskillstogetherwiththe

acquisitionofknowledgeandthe

inculcationofnoblevaluesand

scientificattitudes.

The

following

is

an

example

and

explanation

ofa

learning

outcomebasedonthinkingskillsandscientificskills.

Example:

LearningOutcome:

ThinkingSkills:

Compare

and

contrast

metallic

elementsandnon-metallicelements.


Explanation:

Toachievetheabove

learningoutcome,knowledgeofthe

characteristicsanduses

ofmetalsandnon-metalsineve

ryday

lifearelearnedthroughc

omparingandcontrasting.Themastery

oftheskillofcomparing

andcontrastingisasimportantasthe

knowledgeabouttheelementsofmetalandtheelementsof

non-metal.

SCIENTIFICATTITUDE

SANDNOBLEVALUES

Science

learning

experiences

can

be

used

as

a

means

to

inculcatescientificattitudesandnoblevaluesinstudents.

These

attitudesandvaluesencompassthefollowing:

Havinganinterestand

curiositytowardstheenvironmen

t.

Beinghonestandaccu

rateinrecordingandvalidatingd

ata.

Beingdiligentandpersevering.

Beingresponsibleabo

utthesafetyofoneself,others,andthe

environment.

Realisingthatscience

isameanstounderstandnature.

Appreciatingandpractisingcleanandhealthyliving.

Appreciatingthebalan

ceofnature.

Beingrespectfulandw

ell-mannered.

Appreciatingthecontributionofscienceandtechnology.

BeingthankfultoGod.

Havingcriticalandana

lyticalthinking.

Beingflexibleandopen-minded.

Beingkind-heartedandcaring.

Beingobjective.

Beingsystematic.

Beingcooperative.


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11

Beingfairandjust.

Daringtotry.

Thinkingrationally.

Beingconfidentandindepend

ent.

Theinculcationofscientificattitudesandnoblevaluesgenerally

occursthroughthefollowingstages:

Beingawareoftheimporta

nceandtheneedforscientific

attitudesandnoblevalues.

Givingemphasistotheseattitudesandvalues.

Practisingandinternalisingth

esescientificattitudesandnoble

values.

Whenplanningteaching

andlearningactivities,teachers

needtogivedueconsiderationtotheabovestagestoensurethe

continuousandeffectiveinculcationofscientificattitudesand

values.Forexample,duringsciencepracticalwork,theteacher

shouldremindpupilsandensure

thattheycarryoutexperiments

inacareful,cooperativeandhonestmanner.

Properplanning

isrequ

ired

foreffective

inculcationof

scientific

attitudes

and

noble

values

during

science

lessons.

Beforethefirstlessonrelatedtoalearningobjective,teachers

should

examineallrelatedlearningoutcomesandsuggested

teaching-learning

activities

thatprovide

opportunities

forthe

inculcationofscientificattitudesa

ndnoblevalues.

The

following

is

anex

ample

ofa

learning

outcome

pertainingtotheinculcationofscientificattitudesandvalues.

Example:

Year:

LearningArea:

LearningObjective:

LearningOutcome:

SuggestedLearning

Activities

Scientificattitudesand

noblevalues

FormOne

1.Matter

2.3Appreciatingtheimportanceof

thevarietyofearthsresourcesto

man.

Practisereducingtheuse,reu

sing

and

recycling

of

materials,

e.g.

usingoldunfinishedexercisebo

oks

as

notebooks

and

collecting

old

newspaperforrecycling.

Carryoutprojects,campaigns

,or

competitionsonreducingtheuse,

reusingandrecyclingofmaterials.

Love

and

respect

for

the

environment.

Beingresponsibleforthesafet

yof

oneself,

others

and

the

environment.

Appreciatingthebalanceofnatu

re.

Beingsystematic.

Beingcooperative.


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8/38

16

THEME:

MANAGEMENT

ANDCONTINUITYOFLIFE

LEARNINGAREA:

1.THEWO

RLDTHROUGHOURSENSES

Learning

Objectives

SuggestedLe

arningActivities

Lear

ningOutcomes

Notes

Vocabulary

1.1Understanding

thesensory

organsand

theirfunctions.

Carryoutactivit

iestomake

connectionbetw

eenthefive

senses,thesen

soryorgansand

thestimuli.

Discusswhathappensinourbody

afterastimulus

isdetected.

Astudentis

ableto:

identifyandrelateasensory

organto

itsstimulus,

statethe

pathwayfromstimulus

toresponse:

Stimulus

Sensoryorgans

Nerves

BrainNerves

Respons

e

Thefive

sensory

organs

havebeen

introducedin

Primary

Science.

brainotak

nervesaraf

responsegerakbalas

stimulirangsang

an

sensoryorgano

rgan

deria

1.2Understanding

thesenseof

touch.

Carryoutactivit

iestostudythe

following:

a)structureofthehumanskin

involvedins

timulidetection,

b)sensitivityoftheskinat

differentpar

tsofthebody

towardsstim

uli.

Discussthesen

sitivityoftheskin

inconnectionto

thefollowing

situations:

a)receivingan

injection,

b)usingBraille

.

Astudentis

ableto:

identifyth

estructureofthe

humansk

ininvolvedinstimuli

detection,

statethe

functionofdifferent

receptors

pressure,heat,pain,

drawconclusiononthe

sensitivity

oftheskinatdifferent

partsofthebodytowardsstimuli.

Thestructuresofthe

recepto

rsarenot

required.

coldkesejukan

heatkepanasan

painkesakitan

pressuretekana

n

receptorhujung

saraf

sensitivitykepek

aan

skinkulit

touchsentuhan


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17

Learning

Objectives

SuggestedLe

arningActivities

Lear

ningOutcomes

Notes

Vocabulary

1.3Understanding

thesenseof

smell.

Discussthestru

ctureofthenose

andtheposition

ofthesensory

cellsusingmodels,charts,

computersoftwareandother

teachingaids.

Astudentis

ableto:

identifyth

estructureofthenose,

identifyth

epositionofthe

sensoryc

ellsinthedetectionof

smell.

nosehidung

sensorycellsse

lderia

1.4Understanding

thesenseof

taste.

Carryoutactivit

iestodetectthe

differentareasofthetonguethat

respondtodifferenttastes.

Carryoutactivit

iestofindhow

tasteisrelatedtosmell.

Astudentis

ableto:

identifyth

edifferentareasofthe

tongueth

atrespondtodifferent

taste,

relatethe

senseoftastewiththe

senseofsmell.

bitterpahit

saltymasin

sourmasam

sweetmanis

tasterasa

tonguelidah

1.5Understanding

thesenseof

hearing.

Observeandidentifythestructure

ofthehumanear.

Discussthefunctionofeachpart

oftheear.

Discussthehea

ringmechanism.

Astudentis

ableto:

identifyth

estructureofthe

humanear,

explainth

efunctionofthe

differentpartsoftheear,

describehowwehear.

Teache

ris

encouragedtouse

comput

ersimulation

toillustratethe

hearing

mechanism.

cochleakoklea

eartelinga

eardrumgegen

dang

telinga


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18

Learning

Objectives

SuggestedLe

arningActivities

Lear

ningOutcomes

Notes

Vocabulary

1.6Understanding

thesenseof

sight.

Examinethecowseyeormodel

ofahumaneye.

Collectinformationonstructure

andfunctionofeachpartofthe

eye.

Discusshowwe

see.

Astudentis

ableto:

identifyth

estructureofthe

humaneye,

explainth

efunctionsofdifferent

partsoftheeye,

describehowwesee.

1.7Understanding

lightandsight.

Carryoutactivit

iestostudy:

a)reflectionof

light,

b)refractionof

lightbetweentwo

mediumsof

differentdensity.

Collectinformationaboutthetypes

ofdefectsofvis

ionandthe

contribution/use

oftechnologyto

rectifythem.

Astudentis

ableto:

describethepropertiesoflight

i.e.reflectionandrefraction,

statethevariousdefectsof

vision,

explainw

aystocorrectvision

defects,

stateand

giveexamplesofthe

limitationsofsight,

connects

tereoscopicand

monocula

rvisionswiththe

survivalo

fanimals,

identifyth

eappropriatedeviceto

overcome

thelimitationsofsight.

Relatethe

propertiesoflightto

natural

phenomena

anddailyusage.

Angles

ofincidence,

reflectio

n,refraction

andnormalarenot

required.

Astigmatism,

opticalillusions,

blind-sp

ot,

monocu

larand

stereos

copicvisions

shouldbe

introduced.

densityketumpa

tan

medium

bahantara/medium

reflectionpantulan

refractionpembiasan


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20

Learning

Objectives

SuggestedLe

arningActivities

Lear

ningOutcomes

Notes

Vocabulary

1.8Understanding

soundand

hearing.

Carryoutactivit

iestoinvestigate:

a)theproductionofsound,

b)theneedofmediumforsound

totravel,

c)thereflectionandabsorptionof

sound.

Collectinformat

ionabout

a)thedefectsofhearing,

b)waystorectifythedefectsof

hearing.

Discussthelimitationsofhearing

andwaysofimp

rovingit.

Carryoutactivit

iestoinvestigate

theneedforste

reophonichearing

indeterminingthedirectionof

sound.

Astudentis

ableto:

describethepropertiesofsound,

explainth

ereflectionand

absorptio

nofsound,

explainth

edefectsofhearing,

explainw

aysofrectifyingthe

defectsin

hearing,

statethe

limitationsofhearing,

statethe

deviceusedto

overcome

thelimitationsof

hearing,

explainstereophonichearing.

Include

devices

suchas

hearingaids

andste

thoscope.


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21

Learning

Objectives

SuggestedLe

arningActivities

Lear

ningOutcomes

Notes

Vocabulary

1.9Understanding

thestimuliand

responsesin

plants.

Carryoutexperimentsto

investigateand

identify:

a)stimulidetectedbyplants,

b)thepartsoftheplantssensitive

tospecificstimulus.

Discussinwhatwaysthe

responseofplantstowardsstimuli

areimportantfo

rtheirsurvival.

Astudentis

ableto:

statethe

stimulithatcause

response

inplants,

identifyth

epartsofplants

sensitive

tospecificstimulus,

relatethe

responseinplantsto

theirsurvival.

Respon

sesin

plantss

hould

include

phototropism,

geotrop

ism,

hydrotropism,

nasticm

ovement,

tigmotropism.


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22

LEARNINGAREA:

2.NUTRIT

ION

Learning

Objectives

SuggestedLearningActivities

Lear

ningOutcomes

Notes

Vocabulary

2.1Analysingthe

classesoffood.

Discussthecla

ssesoffoodi.e.

carbohydrate,protein,fats,

vitamins,minerals,fibreand

waterandstatetheirfunctions.

Carryoutactivitiestotestfor

starch(iodinesolution),glucose

(Benedictsolution),protein

(Millonsreage

nt)andfats

(alcohol-emuls

iontest).

Astudentis

ableto:

explainth

roughexamplesthe

classeso

ffood,

statethe

functionofeachclass

offood,

testforst

arch,glucose,protein

andfats.

Onlythemajor

vitamins(A,B,C,

D,Ean

dK)and

minerals(calcium,

sodium,iron,

iodine,phosphorus

andpotassium)are

required.

Vitamin

Bneednot

beclassifiedinto

B1,B2a

ndsoon.

Introducealcohol-

emulsio

ntestfor

fat.

fatslemak

fibrepelawas

potassiumkalium

starchkanji

sodiumnatrium

2.2Evaluatingthe

importanceofa

balanceddiet.

Discuss:

a)whatabalanceddietis,

b)thefactors

thatdeterminea

personsb

alanceddiet:age,

size,sex,

job,climate,state

ofhealth.

Collectfoodwrappersthatshow

calorificvalueoffoodandmakea

listtoshowthe

calorificvaluefor

eachtypeoffo

od.

Astudentis

ableto:

statewha

tabalanceddietis,

statethe

factorsthatmustbe

considere

dwhenplanninga

balanced

diet,

explainhowthefactorsaffecta

balanced

diet,

statethe

quantityofenergyin

eachgramofcarbohydrate,

proteinandfats,

Theunitofenergy

infood

canbe

measur

edeitherin

jouleso

rcalories.

balanceddietgiz

i

seimbang

calorificvaluenilaikalori

climatecuaca

foodwrapperbungkusan

makanan


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23

Learning

Objectives


Lear

ningOutcomes

Notes

Vocabulary

Discusstoestimatethecalories

offoodtakeninameal.

Planabalance

ddietforaday.

(breakfast,lunchanddinner)

estimatethecaloriesoffood

takenina

meal,

planabalanceddiet.

2.3Understanding

thedigestive

systeminman.

Discussthatdigestionisthe

breakdownoflargefood

moleculesinto

smallersoluble

moleculesthat

canbereadily

absorbedbyth

ebody.

Identifypartso

fthedigestive

systemandtheflowoffood

particlesinthe

alimentarycanal

usingmodel/ch

art/CDROM.

Discussthefunctionsofthe

variousorgans

inthedigestive

systemandtheenzymesfound.

Carryoutactivitiestoshowthe

actionoftheenzymeinthesaliva

onstarch.

Astudentis

ableto:

explainw

hatdigestionis,

identifyth

epartsofthedigestive

system,

describetheflowoffood

particlesinthealimentarycanal,

statethe

functionsoftheorgans

inthedigestivesystem,

describetheprocessofdigestion

inthealim

entarycanal,

listtheen

dproductsofdigestion

ofcarboh

ydrate,proteinand

fats.

Enzymesshould

onlyinc

lude

amylase,protease

andlipa

se.

alimentarycanal

salur

penghadaman

anusdubur

appendixumbaiusus

bilejushempedu

digestionpengha

daman

enzymeenzim

gallbladderpund

i

hempedu

gutsalurpenghadaman

insolubletidaklarut

largeintestineus

us

besar

liverhati

salivaairliur

smallintestineus

uskecil

stomachperut


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24

Learning

Objectives


Lear

ningOutcomes

Notes

Vocabulary

2.4Understanding

theprocessof

absorptionof

digestedfood.

Discusstheprocessof

absorptionoftheproductsof

digestioninthe

smallintestine.

Carryoutanexperimenttoshow

theabsorption

ofglucosethrough

aViskingtube.

Astudentis

ableto:

explainth

eprocessof

absorptio

noftheproductsof

digestion,

makeinfe

renceaboutthe

absorptio

nofglucosethrougha

Viskingtu

be.

Thestructureof

vilusis

not

required.Needonly

mention

vilus

increasesthe

surface

areafor

absorption.

absorptionpenye

rapan

analogisemembuat

analogi

bloodstreamaliran

darah

diffusionresapan

2.5Understanding

thereabsorption

ofwaterand

defecation.

Discussthereabsorptionofwater

bythelargeintestineandthe

processofdefecation.

Discusstheim

portanceofgood

eatinghabitstoavoid

constipation.

Astudentis

ableto:

statehow

waterisreabsorbed

inthelarg

eintestine,

explaindefecation,

relatethe

problemofdefecation

witheatin

ghabits.

constipationsem

belit

defecationpenya

htinjaan

largeintestineus

us

besar

reabsoptionpeny

erapan

semula


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25

Learning

Objectives


Lear

ningOutcomes

Notes

Vocabulary

2.6Putintopractice

thehabitsof

healthyeating.

Planandcarry

outahealthy

eatinghabit.

Discussthefollowingtopics:

a)practicinggoodeating

habitsi.e.eatingnutritious

foodan

deatingin

modera

tion,

b)thegen

erousdistribution

offood

tothe

underp

rivileged/needy,

c)

culturalpracticesindining

conform

ingtosensitivities

andreligiousbeliefs.

Astudentis

ableto:

justifytheimportanceofeating

nutritiousfood,

putinpracticegoodeating

habits,

justifythegenerousdistribution

offoodtotheunderprivileged/

needy,

relatethediningcultureof

different

peopleconformingto

sensitivitiesandreligious

beliefs.

habitsamalan

needysangatmiskin

nutritiousfoodmakanan

berkhasiat

underprivilegedk

urang

bernasibbaik

religiousbeliefs

kepercayaanagam

a


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26

THEME:

MANANDTHEV

ARIETYOFLIVINGTHINGS

LEARNINGAREA:

1.BIODIVE

RSITY

Learning

Objectives

SuggestedLe

arningActivities

Lear

ningOutcomes

Notes

Vocabulary

1.1Understanding

varietyofliving

organismsand

their

classification.

Discussthediversityinthegeneral

characteristicsoflivingorganisms.

Collectandclas

sifyvariousplants

andanimalsintoasystembased

oncommoncha

racteristics.

-Animal:Invertebrate,

vertebrate,ma

mmal,fish,bird,

amphibian,rep

tile.

-Plant:Floweringplant,non-

floweringplant,monocotyledon,

dicotyledon.

-Buildaconcep

tmaponliving

organismsbas

edonthe

classificationa

bove.

Discusstheimp

ortanceof

maintainingthe

biologicaldiversity

asoneoftheco

untrysnatural

heritage.

Astudentisableto:

explaint

hediversityofliving

organism

sinahabitat,

classifyvariousanimalsbased

oncomm

oncharacteristics,

classifyvariousplantsbased

oncomm

oncharacteristics,

explaint

heimportanceof

biodiversitytotheenvironment.

Basicconcepton

varietyofliving

organis

mshas

beenin

troducedin

primary

science.

Emphasizeonlyon

theclas

sificationin

thesug

gested

learning

activities.

Malaysiaisoneof

thetwelvemega-

biodiversity

countrie

sinthe

worldshouldbe

highligh

ted.

amphibianamfibia

birdburung

dicotyledondikot

iledon

diversitykepelbagaian

fishikan

floweringplanttu

mbuhan

berbunga

invertebrate

invertebrata

livingorganism

organismahidup

mammalmamalia

monocotyledon

monokotiledon

non-floweringplant

tumbuhantidakberbunga

reptilereptilia

vertebratesverte

brata


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27

LEARNINGAREA:

2.INTERDEPENDENCEAMONGLIVINGO

RGANISMSANDTHEENVIRON

MENT

Learning

Objectives

SuggestedL

earningActivities

Lear

ningOutcomes

Notes

Vocabulary

2.1Analysingthe

interdependence

amongliving

organisms.

Carryoutafie

ldworktostudy

species,habitat,population,

communityin

anecosystem.

Carryoutadiscussionon

interdependenceamongliving

organismsandtheenvironment

tocreateaba

lancedecosystem.

Astudentis

ableto:

statewha

tspecies,population

andcomm

unityare,

statewha

thabitatand

ecosystemare,

identifyvarioushabitatsinone

ecosystem,

explainth

roughexamplesthe

interdepe

ndenceamongliving

organism

sandtheenvironment

tocreate

abalancedecosystem.

Basicconceptof

habitat

hasbeen

introducedin

primary

school.

Duringthefield

worktheconceptof

ecology

willbe

constru

cted

through

contextual

learning

.

communitykomuniti

ecosystemekosistem

environment

persekitaran

habitathabitat

interdependence

saling

bersandaran

predictmeramal

populationpopulasi

speciesspesis


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28

Learning

Objectives

SuggestedLe

arningActivities

Lear

ningOutcomes

Notes

Vocabulary

2.2Evaluatingthe

interaction

betweenliving

organisms.

Collectandinterpretdataonthe

typesofinteractionsbetween

livingorganisms

asfollows:

a)prey-pre

dator,

b)symbios

is:commensalism,

mutualis

mandparasitism

e.g.rem

oraandshark,

algaean

dfungi,tapeworm

andman

,

c)competition.

Conductanactivitytoshowthe

importanceofth

einteraction

betweenorganismsandthe

environment.

Discusstheadv

antagesof

biologicalcontrolinregulatingthe

numbersofpestsincertainareas.

Astudentis

ableto:

listthetypesofinteractions

betweenlivingorganisms,

explainw

ithexamplesthe

interactionsbetweenliving

organisms,

justifythe

importanceof

interactionbetweenliving

organismsandtheenvironment,

explainth

roughexamplesthe

advantagesanddisadvantages

ofbiologicalcontrolinregulating

thenumb

erofpestincertain

areas.

Basicconceptof

preypredatorand

compet

itionhas

beenta

ughtin

primary

school.

Referto

local

issueslikethecrow

problem

inKelang.

advantagekebaikan

biologicalcontrol

kawalanbiologi

competitionpersaingan

disadvantagekeburukan

interactioninteraksi

parasitismparasitisme

pestperosak

preypredator

mangsapemangsa

regulatemengaw

al

symbiosissimbio

sis


21/38

29

Learning

Objectives

SuggestedLe

arningActivities

Lear

ningOutcomes

Notes

Vocabulary

2.3Synthesizing

foodweb.


producer,consu

mer,decomposer

andpyramidnumber.

Constructafoodwebfromafew

foodchainsand

identifythe

producer,consu

merand

decomposer.

Discusstheene

rgyflowinthe

foodwebconstructed.

Conductagametoshowthe

effectsofaninc

reaseordecrease

inthenumbero

forganismsina

pyramidnumber.Discussthe

consequencesifacomponentof

livingorganismsinanecosystem

ismissing.

Astudentis

ableto:

explainw

hatproducers,

consumersanddecomposers

are,

combine

afewfoodchainsto

construc

tafoodweb,

identifyt

heproducer,consumer

anddecomposerinafoodweb,

construc

tapyramidnumber

fromafo

odchain,

relatethefoodwebandthe

pyramid

numbertoenergyflow,

predicttheconsequencesifa

certainc

omponentofliving

organism

sintheecosystemis

missing.

Foodchainhas

beenta

ughtin

primary

science.

Referto

thecrown

ofthorn

problemin

thecoralreefinthe

marine

parks.

balanceinnature-

keseimbanganalam

consumer-penggu

na

decomposer-pengurai

foodweb-siratanm

akanan

primaryconsumer

penggunaprimer

producer-pengelua

r

pyramidnumber-piramid

nombor

secondaryconsum

er

penggunasekunde

r

tertiaryconsumer

penggunatertier


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30

Learning

Objectives


Lear

ningOutcomes

Notes

Vocabulary

2.4Analysing

photosynthesis.

Carryoutdiscu

ssiononwhat

photosynthesis

is.

Carryoutexpe

rimentsto

determinethefactorsneededfor

photosynthesis

i.e.carbon

dioxide,water,

lightand

chlorophyll.

Discusstheim

portanceof

photosynthesis

inmaintaininga

balancedecos

ystem.

Discusstheca

rbonandoxygen

cycles.

Astudentis

ableto:

statewha

tphotosynthesisis,

statethe

factorsrequiredfor

photosynthesis,

statethe

productsof

photosynthesis,

controlthevariablesthatare

requiredforphotosynthesis,

explainth

eroleof

photosynthesisinmaintaininga

balanced

ecosystem.

Thecarbonand

oxygen

cycles

shouldbeincluded.

balancedecosyste

m

ekosistemy

angseimbang

oxygencycle-kitar

oksigen

carboncyclekita

rkarbon

photosynthesis-fotosintesis


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Learning

Objectives

SuggestedLe

arningActivities

Lear

ningOutcomes

Notes

Vocabulary

2.5Evaluatingthe

importanceof

conservation

andpreservationof

living

organisms.


conservationan

dpreservationof

livingorganisms

.

Carryoutafield

workinanatural

forestreserve(wetlands,highland

forestortropica

lrainforest)oran

animalsanctuarytostudythe

conservationan

dpreservationof

livingorganisms

.

Carryoutadisc

ussiononhowthe

improvementin

scienceand

technologyhelp

sinthe

conservationan

dpreservationof

livingorganisms

.

Runacampaigntostressonthe

importanceofconservationand

preservation/C

arryoutaroleplay

involvingthepa

rtiesconcernedin

solvingproblem

srelatedtothe

conservationan

dpreservationof

livingorganisms

.

Astudentis

ableto:

explainwh

atconservationand

preservationare,

explainthestepstakento

preservea

ndconserveliving

organisms

,

justifytheimportanceof

conservationandpreservationof

livingorga

nisms,

supportac

tivitiesorganisedby

variouspa

rtiestopreserveand

conservethelivingorganisms.

Theroleofmanin

conserv

ationand

preserv

ationhas

beenhighlighted

inprima

ryschool.

Forestisalsohome

tosome

indigenous

people

shouldbe

included.

conservation-pemu

liharaan

reserveforesthu

tan

simpan

highlandforesthutan

tanahtinggi

indigenouspeople

orang

asli

preservation-peme

liharaan

sanctuary-santuari

tropicalrainforest

hutan

hujantropika

wetlandstanahb

encah/

lembap


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32

Learning

Objectives

SuggestedLe

arningActivities

Lear

ningOutcomes

Notes

Vocabulary

2.6Evaluatingthe

roleofmanin

maintainingthe

balancein

nature.

Carryoutabrainstormingsession

todiscussthee

nvironmental

issuesaffecting

thebalancein

natureandhow

tosolveit.

Carryoutadisc

ussiontojustify

thatmanneeds

stableand

productiveecos

ystemtoascertain

aharmoniouslife.

Astudentis

ableto:

explaintheeffectsofhuman

activities

onthebalancein

nature,

describehowmansolves

problems

relatedtoenvironment,

justifytha

thumanneedastable,

productiveandbalanced

ecosystem.

Examplesof

environ

mental

issues:

Globalclimate

change

,

habitat

destruction,

species

extinction,

air,soil

andwater

pollution,lossof

wetland

s,

solidwaste

management,

defores

tation,land

overuse

,over

fishing,

toxininthe

environ

ment,

(releaseof

excessive

chemicalsintoour

environ

ment

includespesticides,

fertilizersand

pollutan

ts).

acidrainhujanasid

brainstorming

sumbangsaran

climatechange

perubahaniklim

deforestation

penebanganhutan

excessiveberleb

ihan

landoveruse

penggunaantanah

yang

tidakterkawal

greenhouseeffectkesan

rumahhijau

overfishing

penangkapanikan

tidak

terkawal

pollutionpencem

aran

solidwastemanag

ement

pengurusansisapepejal

pesticidespestis

id

speciesextinction

kepupusanspesis

toxintoksin


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33

THEME:

MATTERINNAT

URE

LEARNINGAREA:

1.0

WA

TERANDSOLUTION

Learning

Objectives

SuggestedLe

arningActivities

Lear

ningOutcomes

Notes

Vocabulary

1.1Analysingthe

physical

characteristics

ofwater.

Carryoutactivit

iestodetermine

thefollowing:

thefreez

ingpointofwater,

theboilingpointofwater.

Carryoutanactivitytoobservethe

effectsofimpuritiesonthe

physicalcharacteristicsofwater.

Astudentis

ableto:

statethemeaningofthe

freezing

pointofwater,

statethemeaningoftheboiling

pointofwater,

describe

thephysical

characte

risticsofwater,

explaint

hroughexamplesthe

effectso

fimpuritiesonthe

physical

characteristicsof

water.

TheKin

eticTheory

shouldbe

introduced.

Relatethefreezing

andboilingpointof

waterto

theKinetic

Theory.

boilingpointtaka

tdidih

freezingpointtak

atbeku

impuritiesbendasing

inferenceinferen

s

physicalcharacteristics

ciri-cirifizikal


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Learning

Objectives

SuggestedLe

arningActivities

Lear

ningOutcomes

Notes

Vocabulary

1.2Analysingthe

compositionof

water.

Carryoutanele

ctrolysisto

determinetheratioofhydrogento

oxygeninamoleculeofwater.

Astudentis

ableto:

determinethecompositionof

water,

testthe

presenceofhydrogen

andoxy

gen.

Theion

ictheory

onelec

trolysisis

notnee

ded.

Understandingthat

hydrogenis

dischargedatthe

cathode

and

oxygen

atthe

anodeisadequate.

Theratioofgases

isrequired.

anodeanod

cathodekatod

compositionkom

posisi

ionictheoryteori

ionik

electrolysiselektrolisis

dischargeterhas

il


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Learning

Objectives

SuggestedLe

arningActivities

Lear

ningOutcomes

Notes

Vocabulary

1.3Analysingthe

processof

evaporationof

water.

Carryoutexperimentstostudythe

factorsaffecting

therateof

evaporationofw

ateri.e.humidity,

thetemperature

ofthe

surrounding,surfaceareaandthe

movementofair.

Discussthefactorsaffectingthe

rateofevaporationinrelationto

theKineticTheory.

Discussthesim

ilaritiesand

differencesbetw

eenevaporation

andboiling.

Gatherinformat

iononevaporation

processandits

applicationindaily

life.i.e.dryingofclothes,

preservationofagricultural

productsandpr

ocessingoffood.

Astudentis

ableto:

explainw

hatevaporationis,

explaint

hroughexamplesthe

factorsthataffecttherateof

evaporationofwaterwith

referencetotheKineticTheory,

compare

andcontrastbetween

evaporationandboiling,

describe

theapplicationofthe

evaporationofwaterindaily

life.

agriculturalproduc

thasil

pertanian

evaporationpeny

ejatan

evaporationofwater

penyejatanair

humiditykelembapan

movementofair

pergerakanudara

preservationpen

gawetan

processingoffood

pemprosesanmakanan

rateofevaporation

kadar

penyejatan

surfacearealuas

permukaan

temperatureofthe

surroundingsuhu

sekeliling


28/38

36

Learning

Objectives

SuggestedLe

arningActivities

Lear

ningOutcomes

Notes

Vocabulary

1.4Analysing

solutionand

solubility.

Discussthedifferencesbetween

solute,solventandsolution.

Carryoutactivit

iestopreparea

dilutesolution,aconcentrated

solutionandas

aturatedsolution.

Discussthesim

ilaritiesand

differencesbetw

eendilute

solution,concentratedsolution

andsaturatedsolution.

Carryoutactivit

iestoillustratethe

differencesbetw

eenasolution

andasuspension.


determinethefactorsaffectingthe

solubilityofaso

lute.

Natureofs

olvent,

Natureofs

olute,

Temperature.

Astudentis

ableto:

explain

whatsolute,solvent

andsolutionare,

contrastandcompare

betweendilutesolution,

concentratedandsaturated

solution

,

explain

whatsuspensionis,

explain

whatsolubilityis,

explain

thefactorsaffecting

thesolu

bilityofsolutesin

water,

explain

theimportanceof

waterasauniversalsolventin

life,

giveexamplesontheusesof

organic

solventsinour

everyda

ylife.

Introduceinsoluble

sedimentsare

knownasresidue.

concentratedsolution

larutanpekat

dilutesolutionlar

utan

cair

natureofsolutejeniszat

pelarut

natureofsolvent

jenis

pelarut

organicsolventp

elarut

organik

residuebaki/sisa

suspensionbaha

n

terampai

saturatedsolutionlarutan

tepu

sedimentbahan

mendapan

solubilitykelaruta

n

solutezatpelarut

solutionlarutan

solventpelarut

universalsolvent

pelarut

universal

volumeofsolventisipadu

pelarut


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Learning

Objectives

SuggestedLe

arningActivities

Lear

ningOutcomes

Notes

Vocabulary


determinethefactorsaffectingthe

rateofdissolvin

g:

temperature,

rateofstirring,

sizeofsolu

teparticle.

Discusstheimp

ortanceofwater

asauniversals

olventinlife.

Gatherinformat

iononthe

applicationoforganicsolventsin

dailylife.


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38

Learning

Objectives

SuggestedLe

arningActivities

Lear

ningOutcomes

Notes

Vocabulary

1.5Analysingacid

andalkali.

Carryoutactivit

iestostudy:

thepropertiesofacidin

termsofpHvalue,taste,

corrosiven

ature,effecton

litmuspape

r,reactionwith

metalssuchasmagnesium

andzinc,

thecharacteristicsofalkaliin

termsofpH

value,taste,

corrosiven

ature,effecton

litmuspape

r,

carryouta

discussionto

defineacid

andalkali

operationally.

Carryoutactivit

iestodetermine

theacidicanda

lkalinesubstances

indailylife.

Astudentis

ableto:

identify

thepropertiesofacid,

identify

thepropertiesofalkali,

statethatacidandalkalionly

showth

eirpropertiesinthe

presenceofwater,

explain

throughexamplesthe

definitio

nofacidandalkali,

identify

thesubstanceswhich

areacid

icoralkalinein

everyda

ylife,

statetheusesofacidand

alkaliin

dailylife,

explain

themeaningof

neutralisation,

writean

equationinwordsto

describetheneutralisation

process

,

explain

throughexamplesthe

usesof

neutralisationindaily

life.

Caution:

Chemic

alsinthe

laboratoryshould

notbetasted.

Useonlydiluteacid

anddilu

tealkali.

Donotuseactive

metalssuchas

Potassiumand

Sodium

inthe

reaction

withacid.

activemetalloga

maktif

alkalinesubstance

bahan

beralkali

concentrationkepekatan

concentratedacidasid

pekat

concentratedalkalialkali

pekat

corrosivemengkakis

diluteacidasidcair

dilutealkalialkalicair

equationinwords

persamaanperkataan

hydrochloricacid

asid

hidroklorik

litmuspaperkertas

litmus

metallogam

neutralization

peneutralan

operationaldefinition

definisisecaraope

rasi

potassiumkalium

sodiumnatrium

sodiumhydroxide

natriumh

idroksida


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39

Learning

Objectives

SuggestedLe

arningActivities

Lear

ningOutcomes

Notes

Vocabulary

Gatherinformat

ionontheusageof

acidandalkaliineverydaylife

suchasinagric

ultureandindustry.

Discussonthemeaningof

neutralisation.

Carryoutanactivity

toshowneutralisationusingthe

hydrochloricacidandsodium

hydroxideofthe

same

concentration.

Discusstheapp

licationof

neutralisationin

dailylifee.g.

usingshampoo

andconditioner

and,insectbite.


32/38

40

Learning

Objectives

SuggestedLe

arningActivities

Lear

ningOutcomes

Notes

Vocabulary

1.6Analysingthe

methodsof

water

purification.

Makeavisittoa

waterpurification

site.

Brainstormingo

nthefollowing:

naturalres

ourcesofwater,

thereason

sforwater

purification.

Discussthevarioustypesofwater

purificationsuchasfiltration,

boiling,chlorina

tionanddistillation.

Carryoutactivit

iestostudythe

varioustypesofwaterpurification

suchasfiltration,boilingand

distillation.

Pupilspresenttheirfindingsto

discussthestre

ngthsand

weaknessesofthevarioustypes

ofwaterpurifica

tion.

Astudentis

ableto:

listthenaturalsourcesof

water,

statethereasonsforwater

purification,

describethevarioustypesof

waterpurification,

compar

ethestrengthsand

weakne

ssesofthevarious

typesofwaterpurification.

Thelatest

develop

mentsin

waterp

urification

e.g.ultr

a-violet

treatme

ntcanbe

discuss

ed.

boilingpendidiha

n

chlorinationpeng

klorinan

distillationpenyulingan

filtrationpenurasan

naturalresources

sumbersemulajad

i

waterpurifications

iteloji

pembersihanair


33/38

41

Learning

Objectives

SuggestedLe

arningActivities

Lear

ningOutcomes

Notes

Vocabulary

1.7Analysingthe

watersupply

system.

Makeavisittoa

waterprocessing

planttostudyth

ewatersupply

systemandstagesinvolvedin

waterpurificatio

n.

Discussthewaystosavewater.

Doaprojecton

howmuchwater

theaveragehouseholduses.

Astudentis

ableto:

describehowthewatersupply

system

works,

explain

waystosavewater.

domesticuses

penggunaandome

stik

usageofwater

penggunaanair

watersupplysyste

m

sistemb

ekalanair


34/38

42

Learning

Objectives

SuggestedLe

arningActivities

Lear

ningOutcomes

Notes

Vocabulary

1.8Understanding

thepreservationof

waterquality.

Collectandinterpretdataontypes

ofwaterpollutantswhichinclude:

industria

lwastesuchas

chemica

landradioactive

residues

,

domesticwastesuchas

garbage

andsewage,

chemica

lsfromthe

agricultu

ralactivitiessuch

asfertilisersand

pesticide

s,

siltation

causedby

construc

tionsand

deforestation,

accidentalspillagefrom

tankers.

Conductdiscussionontheeffect

ofwaterpollutio

nonlivingthings.

Generateideas

onwaystocontrol

waterpollution.

Discusswaysto

conserveand

preservewateranditsquality.Run

acampaignonLoveOurRivers.

Astudentis

ableto:

giveexa

mplesofwater

pollutants,

explaint

heeffectofwater

pollution

onlivingthings,

explainw

aystocontrolwater

pollution

,

explainw

aystopreservewater

anditsq

uality.

constructionpem

binaan

deforestation

penebanganhutan

domesticwasteb

ahan

buangandomestik

fertiliserbaja

garbagesampah

-sarap

industrialwasteb

ahan

buanganindustri

pesticidepestisid

preservation

pemeliharaan

radioactiveresidue

sisa

radioaktif

siltationpengelodakan

sewagesisa/bahan

kumbahan

waterpollutantbahan

cemarair


35/38

43

LEARNINGAREA:

2.AIRPRESSURE

Learning

Objectives

SuggestedLe

arningActivities

Lear

ningOutcomes

Notes

Vocabulary

2.1Understanding

airpressure.

Carryoutanactivitytodiscussthe

kinetictheoryofgases.

Carryoutanactivitytoshowthat

airexertspressure.

Carryoutactivit

iestoshow

the

factorsaffecting

airpressure,i.e.

volumeandtem

perature.

Astudentisableto:

explain

theexistenceofair

pressur

ewithreferencetothe

KineticTheory,

explain

thefactorsaffectingair

pressur

e.

airpressureteka

nan

udara

appliancesperalatan

existencekewuju

dan

temperaturesuhu

volumeisipadu


36/38

44

Learning

Objectives

SuggestedLe

arningActivities

Lear

ningOutcomes

Notes

Vocabulary

2.2Applyingthe

principleofair

pressurein

dailylife.

Collectandinterpretdataon

appliancesthat

usetheprincipleof

airpressure.

Gatherinformationanddiscuss

theapplicationofairpressurein

syringe,siphon,sprayingpump

anddrinkingstraw.

Discusswaysofusingthe

principleofairp

ressuretosolve

dailyproblemssuchasblockage

insinksandpouringcondensed

milkfromacan.

Gatherinformat

iononhow

agas

tankcontaining

gasunderhigh

pressureworks.

Discussthesafetyprecautions

takenwhenusin

ggasunderhigh

pressure.

Astudentisableto:

explain

withexamplesthings

thatuse

theprincipleofair

pressur

e,

generateideastosolve

problem

susingtheprincipleof

airpres

sure,

relatethesafetymeasures

takenw

henusinggasunder

highpressure.

Caution:

Donotplacetank

containinggas

underh

igh

pressur

enearheat.

syringepicagari

siphonsifon

spraypenyembur

drinkingstrawpe

nyedut

minuman

blockagetersum

bat

gasunderhighpre

ssure

gasdibawahtekanan

tinggi

safetymeasures

langkah

keselamatan


37/38

45

THEME:

FORCEANDMO

TION

LEARNINGAREA:

1.DYNAMICS

Learning

Objectives

SuggestedLe

arningActivities

Lear

ningOutcomes

Notes

Vocabulary

1.1Understanding

force.

Carryoutactivit

iestoshow

pushingandpullingareforces.

Carryoutactivit

iestoshowthe

effectsofforce(changesinshape,

position,speed

anddirection).

Carryoutactivit

iestoshow

differenttypeso

fforces(frictional,

gravitational,electrostaticand

magneticforce).

Astudentis

ableto:

statethataforceisapushora

pull,

explaintheeffectsofforces,

explainthevarioustypesof

forces.

electrostaticforcedaya

elektrostatik

frictionalforceda

ya

geseran

gravitationalforcedaya

graviti

magneticforcedaya

magnetik

speedkelajuan

1.2Understanding

themeasurement

offorce.

Discusstheunitofforceandthe

principleofasp

ringbalance.

Carryoutactivit

ytomeasurethe

magnitudeofforce.

Astudentis

ableto:

statethe

unitofforce,

explainhowaspringbalance

works,

measure

themagnitudeofforce.

magnitudemagnitud

springbalanceneraca

spring


38/38

46

Learning

Objectives

SuggestedLe

arningActivities

Lear

ningOutcomes

Notes

Vocabulary

1.3Applicationof

frictionalforce.

Discusswithexamplestoshow

theexistenceoffrictionalforce.

Carryoutactivit

iestoidentifythe

directionoffrictionalforceand

measurethema

gnitudeofthe

force.

Carryoutanexperimenttoshow

howdifferenttypesofsurfaces

affectthemagnitudeoffrictional

force.

Gatherinformationanddiscuss

theadvantages

and

disadvantagesoffriction.

Carryoutactivit

iesonwaysto

a)increasefriction,

b)reducefriction.

Discusstheapp

licationof

increasinganddecreasingfriction

inourdailylife.

Astudentis

ableto:

explainw

ithexamplethe

existence

offrictionalforce,

statethe

directionandthe

magnitud

eoffrictionalforce,

carryout

anexperimenttoshow

howdifferenttypesofsurfaces

affectfrictionalforce,

explainth

eadvantagesand

disadvantagesoffriction,

explainw

aystoincreasefriction,

explainw

aystoreducefriction,

explainw

ithexamplesthe

applicatio

noffrictionindailylife.

Ignorestatic

frictiona

lforce.

existencekewuju

dan

surfacepermuka

an

huraian sukatan sains ting 2

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