b

HOH FOO KONG

lllecwlber 19%

(c)HohFooKmg. l!M,AURights~.

Sekolah Siswazah(Graduate School )

Universiti Utara Malaysia

PERAKUAN KERJA TENS(Certification Of Thesis Work)

Kami, yang bertandatangan, memperakukan bahawa(We, the undersigned, certify that)

HcxilxnmG

calon untuk ijazah(candidate for the degree ofi Master of Science (Management)

telah mengemukakan tesisnya yang bertajuk(has presented his/her thesis of the following title)

ENTREPRENEURIAL INCLINATION AM(=IJGSECXNDARY-LTEA-OF

KUALAt4UMYAN

seperti yang tercatat di muka surat tajuk dan kulit tesis(as it appears on the title page and front cover of thesis)

bahawa tesis tersebut boleh diterima dari segi bentuk serta kandungan, dan meliputibidang ilmu dengan memuaskan.(that the thesis is acceptable in form and content, and that a satisfactory knowledge of thefield is coverd by the thesis).

AJK Tesis(Thesis Committee)

Nama ASSOC. Prof. Dr. Add YaSeen(Name)

(Penyelia Utama/Principal Superviiwr)

Nama(Name) Lim chee thee

Nama Tandatangan(Name) (Signature)

Tarikh(Date) /o - 1 2 a rQq6

P - I O N T O U S E

Rcqmts fix pelYh&mtocQpyortomakcothcruBeof~inthis~in

wholeorinpartehouldbeaddmsedto:

Dean of Gfaduah School

u-UtaraMalarysia

06010 shtok

ii

Akat ukw y a n g d@nakun ten&i daripak &a bah@an; Bahagian A clanBahagian B. Bahagkan A burtqjnan mengumpd makkmd &mqgr& manakdkBahagian B i#igw&n nntnk meqydxr kcedrungan keusahcwman ?wpon&n.Bdqgi’Bakatukwtni cMdwai&~skJaOrie~i~htusahawanan yang dihasfh olkh Robinson et al (1991), Sh& kkcedwganAm Keusa ytq &h&&an c&h D&am Uniwst@ Business Mud(1988) dh dat ukwr Bard&a (1992).

Data yang dkwnpui t&h c&andtsti &qan menggudwn kaedkah t-test i&nANOVA sadu arah nntuk menentkan kwan &i-&i &mqgrq# k e a&askc%~rongankeus~Panns 0.05 t&h dit%taphanssbogai tahapswuntuk membuat keptwan msngenai ht*is.

Ber&sarh &pa&an hqjian, cadangawadangan unti kqkan farzlfutcm tekd

yang mmzncangprogrom iteswakawanan ’

. . .m

The present SW& investigated the rntLipprrrmrial inckaticm ofsec;andarv SCMhaders in KwakrMnt&z Y&L Spec$cal& it aimed to investigate the rekvtkmsh@sbetween entrep-’al tnclination andthepersonal charac&$sti~~, fmi&-ekztedf-Pe?#vimment~,andti~ qfseconhy school teacher8 qfKiiaklM.Yan.

In or&r to carry out this research, a &wr@ive qawnti~ stu& was carried out.The units cfan+is are the SW schad teachers cfKitaka Muda Yon. Threehundred and thiwtwo teachers wers inch&d in the stn& through a mbinationqf strat$ed randiwn sampiing cind cfommi- smgdiing. Questionnatres weredistribnti to target res~~pers~ or through the school Ainistrators.Therespcmeratewars90.6%.

The instrwnent used -&ted oftw parts; part A and part B. Part A was usedfwa hmographic survey and Part B wav used to me-e the entiprenewialinclination sfthe respon&n& The iat& part dthe insirument was &ted&mthe Entrepreneurial Attiti Orienkatkm 5%x& dsvslopod by Robinsm (1991), theGeneral Enbvpreneuriai Tend&y &eloped by the Durham Universi@ BusinessSchool (I 988), and Barcelona ‘s (I 992) swvey.

Data were analysed using the t-test and one way ANOVA to &ermine thedkreremxs in demographic char&ristics and their fleets on the entrepreneuriaiinclination qf~~hers. The 0.05 keel ofsi&n+ance was wed as the critical kvetfm dkcisions regarding the lppc&esa.

This s&u& fd that sign&ant werences in entrepreneurial inckztion amongteachers could be seen au&v three fm tested They are monthly income of theibacher, k4y pa& held by the teacher and business experience out&ii& school. Theother factors fsstsd cd0 not appear to have sign$cant dects on the en~preneuria~inclination qfthe teachers.

Based on iire findings, suggestions forjkrther research and recommendations fop&ision makers in poiicy fmation or enbwpreneurship akvebpment programmeshave been fmardkd.

iv

ACIUWWLEDGEMENT

Thew&efwi&eflto aclwwk+and$raalrthosewholnade~theeiapoesibte.

1. To Assock& Rofessor Dr. Adei Yawn, theais twpehor, Miss Lim Cbeethee, second at#gmkr, ad - Dr. Mibndre wini” B Rw434RwwchM~Iecturer,fatheirguidanct,,andandfforthecompk&mof~tficsis.

4. TotheFxbatkmPhy&ngandRcaamhDeparlment,Iblin&yofEducation,theKedahStatc~depsrtmcnt,acuitheIrc$oolswhichparticipatedinthetlamey, fmthcirpxmiwbn tocamyoutthe~,andtolheteach~whohadl-eqm&dtothtqlu#dioanabrt,for~coloperatian.

5. TothcPkipalofS.MSg.Layar, theS&arAseietwtsofS.M. S.Pasir, SM.Batu Lima, SM. Gum, and S.M. Gum &mped& MdmMayKbor,Mr.Balasundram,Mr.RaqjitShgh,andMrPrasadfath&as&tanwindisbibutiagancua conec~thequcstiomrainaintheirschode.

4. TomycoumemateaChanKearKeow,T~~S~ AUisonLeeGlmW4YunWengKon&CburgFuiCbin,MobdOtkmrnYuaoff,Atlrt~~dLlmBeeLeewhohadhc@dinmanyway6toficibtcthecompletionoftfristhesis.

V

vi

PIWMiWONTQusE

ABSTRAK

AEWIRACT

AKNOW

UST OF TABLES

LIsToFFK3uREs

I INTRODUCTION

1.1 -aftishrdy

1.2 St&IlXWOfproManr

1.3 DChlithOfTCffnS

1.4 RolWKChobjactiv#,

1.5 ResarrchpuesbEaaa

1.6 - -

1.7 RtxwanhModel

1.8 S~oftheSbudy

1.9 . . .-0fthcshrdy

WP

ii. . .m

iv

V

X

xii

1

1

3

3

5

7

9 :

11 ‘:

1 2

1 3

vii

2.23

2.2.6

2.2.7

228

IlI RESEARC!HDESIt3NANDMETHODOLDGY

3 . 1 Soummof-

3.1.1 unitof-

3.1.2 Pqlation

3.1.3 Sample&m Tccdmkpc

p4F

1 4

1 4

25

26

29

3 1

33

34

3 5

49

52

5 6

5 6

5 6

5 6

5 7

-

3.2 TbcRaqmnb&

3.3 Da$iB~,T~.

3.3.1 TheIlwmmm&

33.2 P&t Study

3.3.3 Data(lTdhth

3.4 Data Andy&ii Tedmiquc

3.4.1 clitdau6cd~Dbcieioa~

Iv PRESENTATION AND DISCWHON OF FINDIIWS

4.1 l?h&tpand~

4.1.1 pcmonal-

4.1.2 Family Related Factom

4.1.3 Emriromnar&1FIctors

4.1.4 work-

v f$IMWWY, CONCUJSION, ANDRECOIbfMENDA~ONS

5.1 SInmnary

5 .2 Con&&n

pass606464686972

73

74

74

75

8 7

100

106

1 1 3

1 1 3

1 1 7

1 2 5

131

1 3 7

1 3 8

1 5 3

ix

1 5 3

Table No. Tii p4F

3 . 3 DidbuthofT~~toschoofe

3.4 D of QQlahmh Items (IadbpaadwrtVM)

Eaclhnahon of Male and FemaleTCMChU#

4 . 3.OfEthtlidtywith~

4.4 .ofI3duamd Lewdwith

4.5 AMlynisofvorinaEefor~~with- -

5 8

5 9

62

66

67

7 1

76

7 8

8 0

8 2

84

86

8 8

Table No. LIST OF TABLES (CONTINUED)

Title

4.8 Meat& standard Deviation scores, and t-vahles forEntrepreneurial Incm of Teachers with MothersWho are Housewks and Teachers W& WorkingMothem

4.9

4.10

4.11

4.12

4.13

4.14

4.15

4.16

4.17

4.18

Analyb of Variance of Father’s Education withEntrepreneuriallnclination

Analyh of Vaknce of Mother’s Education withEnlreprmeurialInclination

Mean, Standard Deviation Scores, and t-values forEntrepreneurial Inclination of Awilabibty of Capitalfrom Family Members and Non-f- Memlxm

Analyis of Variance of Birth order with EntrepreneurialInclination

Mean, Standard Deviation Scores, and t-values fixEntrepreneurial In&nation of Teach- Who Reside inthe Rural Area and Teachers Who Reside in the UrbanAreaDuringtheirYouth

Mean, Standard Deviation Scores, and t-values forEntrepreneuriaI Jnclination of Teachem Who Reside inthe Rural Area and Teachers Who Reside in the UrbanArtabllilkgtheil-AdUlthood

Analyis o f Vaknce of Subjec ts Taught wi thEntrepreneurial Inclination

Mean, Standard Deviation Scores, and t-values forEntrepreneurial Inclination of Teachers Who Hold KeyPosts and Teachers Who Do Not Hold Key Posts inSchool

Analyfs of valiance of Len&& of service withEntrepreneurialInc%nation

Mean, Standard Deviation Scores, and t-values forEntrepreneurial Inclination of Teachers With BusinessExgxxience and Teachem Without T&hem Experienceoutside School

page

90

92

94

%

9 8

1 0 0

1 0 3

1 0 5

1 0 7

1 0 9

111

x i

LIST I 6r VIGURES

FigureNo.

.

1.1

Title

Schematic Diagram Showing the Relationship BetweenPersonal Characteristics, Famiiy-related Factors,Environmental Factors, and Work Experience andEntrepreneurial Inclination Among Secondary SchollTeachers of Kuala Muda Yan

2.1 The Operations Involved in Constructing the Questionnaire(Appendix II) in Order to Help IdenQ a Possible Measureof @ntrepreneurial Inclination

3.1 Distribution of Respondents According to Rack and Sex

3.2 Distribution of Respondents According to Age Group

3.3 Distribution of Respondents According to Monthly Income

3.4 Di&ibution of Respondents According to Educational Level

Pag&

11

51

61

61

6 3

64

xii

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the 8tuciy

This study atbpted to ident@ the factors that are associated with

entrepreneurial inclination. It would attempt to investigate the entrepreneuzial

inclination among teachers in the Kuala Muda Yan district. An entrepreneur

is&finedas%omeonewhoper&vesanoppntu@ andcrea tesan

organization to pmue it” @ygrakqlWl). Enlrepreneufial potential is a

latent ability of individuals, regardless of their c-t job, to become an

entfepmeur.

InFe~1991,DrMahathirMohamadoutlinedthcviaionofMalaysiato

be a w developed and klustklized nation by the year 2020. One of the

challcngtsMalaysia~tofactinhereff~to~~~thievisionisto

develop an economy that is competitive, dynamic, robust and Hent. One

of the strategies to meet this challenge by the govenunentisto~de

entrepreneurial development and skills traiuiq (Abdul41993).

Entreprenekal development will result in the setting up of more small and

medium enterpkzs. These economic entities will not only complement

1

The contents of

the thesis is for

internal user

only

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1 3 6