forteachers, byteachers. 2007 - petrosains · peti surat 81094, 87021 wilayah persekutuan labuan....

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2007 Cik Zaharah Ismail AliSK AU, Keramat, Jalan,

5/56 AU 3, Keramat,54200, Kuala Lumpur

{ {

Intan Syafinaz Mohd. KamalSK Gombak Utara, KM 11,

Jalan Gombak,53100 Kuala Lumpur.

{ {

En. Hashimi Bin IsmailSek. Keb. Kuala Jengal,

23000 Dungun,Terengganu Darul Iman.

{{

Pn. Zaiton MinhatSek. Keb. Jalan Raja Syed Alwi,

01000 Kangar, Perlis.{ {

Cik Nik Azida Bt. Nik MahmoodSek. Men. Keb. Labuan,

Peti Surat 81094,87021 Wilayah Persekutuan Labuan.

{{Mohd Rasyid Bin Ramli

SMK Tun Ismail,86400 Parit Raja, Johor Darul Takzim.{ {

Centre of Learning Department,PETROSAINS The Discovery Centre

KLCC. {{

FORTEACHERS,BYTEACHERS.

Introduction

How do we keep students interested in science? It has always been a challenge for science teachers to engage students in meaningful learning activities. This snackbook is produced to provide teachers with ideas or suggestions of creative science activities.

This snackbook is a resource material produced for science teachers by science teachers. It was compiled by teachers who participated in the Teachers Fellowhip Program 2007 which was coordinated by Centre of Learning Department, PETROSAINS The Discovery Centre, KLCC.

All the suggested activities have been tested by the teachers. We suggest that these activities are to be carried out during your ‘Teaching and Learning’, and we hope that this book will be an exciting resource for you!

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BUSKINGMINISHOWSIMULATIONWORKSHOPACTIVITY

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TEACHERSSNACKBOOK

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PAPERBALLCUPWONDERDICEMAGICROCKRINGGITBUNNYHOPDANCINGCOINMOVINGBOTTLEFIERYSTEELWOOL

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Tearchers Fellowship Program 2007/COL/Buskingprepared by: Zaharah Binti Ismail Ali

PAPER BALL CUP

Introduction:

This activity is to help pre-school learn about gravity. It also involves hand-eye coordination and encourages to learn to count

What Do I Need?

- Crumple a used A4 paper to make a paper ball- 40cm ribbon- A mug

What Do I Do?

1. Tie the ribbon to the paper ball. Let the ball out of the mug.2. Swing the ball backward and forward slowly. Then swing it up and try to catch it with the mug. 3. See how many times you can catch the ball in the mug.4. Ask questions: “Why did the ball fall?” and “How did the ball get into the mug?”

What Happened?

Gravity affects everything. By throwing the ball up, it goes against the gravity but it will still fall due to gravity pulling it back.To get the ball into the mug, you will need to use your hand-eye coordination and try to move the mug using your hand to the right location, right before the ball falls.

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Tearchers Fellowship Program 2007/COL/Buskingprepared by: Zaharah Binti Ismail Ali

PAPER BALL CUP

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Pre-school Curriculum:

Bahasa dan Komunikasi:- (Bahasa Melayu)4.1.1 Melakukan Koordinasi mata-tangan.(Bahasa Inggeris)4.1.1 Engage in activities requiring hand-eye coordination.

Kognitif (Matematik)4.1.1 Membilang objek 1-5.4.2.1 membilang objek 1-10Kandungan :- 4.4 Mengetahui konsep nombor 10-20.

Sains7.1.3 Menerangkan pemerhatian yang dilakukan.

Kerohanian dan MoralA) MoralKandungan:- 1.6 Memupuk kejujuran. 1.10 Berlaku adil. 1.12 Memupuk sikap sabar.

B) Fizikal – KeselamatanKandungan:- 4.1 Mengawal objek, tempat perlakuan dan tindakan yang boleh menyebabkan kemalangan dan bahaya.

Kreativiti dan estetika2.1.6 Menggunakan pelbagai bahan secara kreatif dalam rekaan pelbagai kraf untuk pembentukan.

TeacHERSSnack Book2007

Tearchers Fellowship Program 2007/COL/Buskingprepared by: Nik Azida binti Nik Mahmood

WONDER DICE

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Introduction:

This activity is about the centre of gravity and how the distribution of weight affects the stability of an object. One side of the dice has a different colour. When the dice is thrown, the coloured side is seldom on top.

What Do I Need?

• Create your own dice with one side coloured differently from the rest.• A weight

What Do I Do?

1. Place a weight at an angle on the inner surface of the dices and make sure the weight is placed close to the coloured side.

2. Throw the dice and observe. Try to get the coloured surface to the top as often as you can.

What Happened?

The use of the weight makes the dice unstable on side. The weight is placed at an angle inside the dice. The weight is close to the different coloured side of the dice. This will make the side unstable and it topples every time it is at the top. Even though the dice has surfaces of equal size but the distribution of weight will influ-ence its centre of gravity.


WONDER DICE


Tearchers Fellowship Program 2007/COL/Buskingprepared by: Nik Azida binti Nik Mahmood

WONDER DICE

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Curriculum Specifications Link

• Science Form two syllabus.• The theme of “Technological and Industrial Development in Society”,• The learning area of “Stability”.• Learning outcomes:-1) Relate the point of equilibrium as the centre of gravity of an object2) Relate the centre of gravity to the stability of an object.

References:

• Curriculum Specifications Science: Form Two


Tearchers Fellowship Program 2007/COL/Buskingprepared by: Intan Sya�naz Mohd. Kamal

MAGIC ROCK

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Introduction:

This activity is to expose pre-school children to the different types of rock.

What Do I Need?

1. Rocks – pumice rock, lodestone, granite2. Paper clips.

What Do I do?

• Get a volunteer.• As him/her to put the different rocks close to the paper clips one by one.

What happened?

1. One of the rocks attracted the paper clip. The rock is a lodestone.2. Lodestone can attract the paper clip because it has a magnetic mineral called magnetite.3. Lodestone is a dark brown magnetic mineral. It is iron ore which is a “rock” embedded with iron.

Preschool Curriculum:

(Theme: Alam Semulajadi/Nature)Komponen : KognitifKandungan(11.1) Menyelesaikan masalah.(11.2) Mencadangkan pelbagai idea untuk mengatasi konflik.

Komponen: kreativiti + EstetikaKandungan(1.1.3) Menyatakan perasaan diri terhadap unsur – unsure keindahan alam secara lisan dan perlakuan

pumice rock granitelodestone


Tearchers Fellowship Program 2007/COL/BuskingPrepared by: Mohd Rasyiq Bin Ramli

RINGGIT BUNNY HOPIntroduction:

This activity is about stability and centre of gravity

What Do I Need?

• A volunteer• One Ringgit

What Do I Do?

1. Place the ringgit flat on the floor. Ask a volunteer to stand with the ringgit in front of him. Tell him to bend over and grab his toes.2. Challenge him to jump over the ringgit bill while holding onto his toes (without falling over). Tell him that if he can do it, he can keep the ringgit.

What Happened?

This busking involves to center of mass, center of gravity. This is a point where the body mass is concentrated. This trick is virtually impossible to do without losing balance because the centre of mass shifts when trying to jump over the ringgit. Initially the center of mass is over the feet. When jumping, the centre of mass tend to shift forward. Most people need their arm to counterbalance this shift.

Curriculum Specifications Link.

1. Stability : Form 2


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Tearchers Fellowship Program 2007/COL/Buskingprepared by: Mohd Rasyiq Bin Ramli

DANCING COIN

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Introduction:

This activity is to discover the properties of a magnet.

What Do I Need?

• A magnet bar that has been wrapped.• A 1 cent and a 5 cent coin

What Do I Do?

1. Put the wrapped bar magnet on your palm.2. Put the cent coin on top of the bar magnet.3. Shake your hand and make the coin move.4. Ask the students to try but change the 1 cent coin to a 5 cent coin.

What Happened?

A 1 cent coin is made of copper and can be attracted by the magnet but the 5 cent coin is made of nickel and will not be attracted by the magnet. So, not all metals can teact with magnets. This busking can correct the misconception that all metal can react with magnet.

Curriculum Specification Link.

1. Land and it resources: Form 32. Magnestism: Form 3


Tearchers Fellowship Program 2007/COL/Buskingprepared by: Zaiton bt Minhat

MOVING BOTTLE

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What Do I Need?

• A4 size paper• Table top• A bottle of water

What do I do?

1. Place the bottle on the paper.2. Try and remove the paper from underneath the bottle.3. Bang on the table (beside the paper / bottle) repeatedly while slowly removing the sheet of paper with the hand.4. The paper will come up easily.

What Happened?

1. When we bang on the table, we create vibrations which will eventually create space between the surface of the table and the bottle.2. With less friction the paper is easily removed.


Tearchers Fellowship Program 2007/COL/Buskingprepared by: Hashimi Bin Ismail

FIERY STEEL WOOL

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Introduction

This busking activity is to show how to start a fire by using the 9-volt battery and steel wool.

What Do I Need?

What Do I Do?

1. Put the steel wool on the aluminium foil.2. Rub the battery terminals on the steel wool.3. Blow slowly to light up the steel wool.

What Happened?

This ‘fiery steel wool’ works by sending an electric current through the tiny steel wool, which in turn gets super heated and produces light. This is similar to how the wires in light bulbs and toasters operate. This method of starting a fire is useful as it will catch fire even while wet.

Curriculum Specification Link

Science Year 5Theme: Investigating Material- Learning Area: Energy- Learning Area: Electricity- Learning Area: Heat

Science Year 4Theme: Investigating Material- Learning Area: Properties of materials


9-volt batteryKitchen stell woolA piece of aluminium foil (8 cm x 8 cm)

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DININGCOINSFLOATINGFLOWERSDEEPINTOTHEBOTTOMADOZENNAILSCATCHINGTHERINGSTHEDANCINGMOTHBALLSHOMOPOLARMOTORRISINGCOLOUREDHOTWATER

2007

TEACHERSSNACKBOOK

Tearchers Fellowship Program 2007/COL/Mini Showsprepared by: Zaharah Binti Ismail Ali

DINING COINS

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Introduction:

This activity is to help pre-school children learn about gravity. It also involves motor skills (picking up and throwing) and cognitive skills (using numbers).

What Do I need?

• Water• 1 cent coins• A small glass• A big bowl / beaker

What Do I do?

1. Get a small empty glass.2. Put the coins into the glass. Now, put the glass in a bowl of water. Try to throw the coins into the glass.3. What happens? Why is it so difficult?

What Happened?

Your aim will not be accurate. This is because the water pushes the coins aside. The coins will drop into the bowl/beaker instead.

WaterA small glass

1 sen

1 cent coinsA big bowl / beaker


1 sen1 sen

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Tearchers Fellowship Program 2007/COL/Mini Showsprepared by: Zaharah Binti Ismail Ali

DINING COINSPre-school Curriculum:

Bahasa dan komunikasi

Bahasa Melayu

1.1.2 Mengecam dan membeza pelbagai jenis bunyi.1.1.5 Mendengar dan memberi geak balas terhadap:- a) arahan b) perbualan.2.2.4 Bersoal jawab secara bersopan

Bahasa Inggeris

1.4.1 Listen and carry out simple instruction.

Kognitif

4.1.1 Membilang objek 1-5.4.2.1 Membilang objek 1-107.1.1 Memerhati dan merekod pemerhatian.7.1.3 Menerangkan pemerhatian yang dilakukan.

Kerohanian dan Moral

2.5.2 Menerangkan tujuan membayar zakat.

Fizikal

2.3.1 Membilang objek ke sasaran.

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Tearchers Fellowship Program 2007/COL/Mini Showsprepared by: Intan Sya�naz Mohd. Kamal

FLOATING FLOWER

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Introduction:

This activity is to provide one of many opportunities to introduce the pre-school pupils to scientific concepts and processes by helping them to gain the scientific habit of observing what’s around them. The children are able to experiment with water. In this activity, pupils are able to explore how capillary action can cause paper to “bloom”.

What Do I Need?

What Do I Do?

1. Draw the shape as given in the picture. Paint it and cut it out.

2. Tell them to write a secret message or draw a surprise icon in the middle of the flower. Fold all the corners in so they meet in the centre.

3. Now Place this paper flower on the water very carefully.


WaterA pair of scissorsA sheet of colored paper Posters colour

Tearchers Fellowship Program 2007/COL/Mini Showsprepared by: Intan Sya�naz Mohd. Kamal

FLOATING FLOWER

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What Happened?

This paper flower will open slowly.

Do You Know Why?

• The water penetrates, by capillary action, into the little empty space in the fibres of the paper.• This makes the fibres swell, including those along the fold.• This swelling makes the lines unfold, opening the flower.

Preschool Curriculum

Development SkillsBahasa dan Komunikasi Kreativiti dan Estetika Kognitif Kerohanian dan Moral Fizikal


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Tearchers Fellowship Program 2007/COL/Mini Showsprepared by: Mohd Rasyid Bin Ramli

DEEP INTO THE BOTTOMIntroduction

This activity is about surface tension of water. Surface tension is an effect within the surface layer of a liquid that causes that layer to behave as an elastic sheet.

What Do I Need?

• 2 plastic containers• Black pepper and talcum powder• Water• Coin• Bottle cap • Liquid soap

What Do I Do?

1. Add water into the plastic containers.2. Place coin and bottle cap in each of the container.3. Sprinkle surface of the waters with black pepper and talcum powder.4. Ask a student to pick up all the items that have been inside the plastic containers without touching the sprinkled black pepper and talcum powder.

If they cannot pick the items.Try by• Put some liquid soap on your finger.• Pretend that you will touch surface of the water with magic powder.• Then pick up the item.

What Happened?

When liquid soap touches surface of the water, surface tension weakens. The par-ticles of the sprinkle powder will be pulled to the wall. This will make a hole on the surface. Thus the item can be easily pick without touching the powders.

Curriculum Specification Link1. Water and solution Science Form 2


50 sen50 sen

Talcum Power

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Tearchers Fellowship Program 2007/COL/Mini Showsprepared by: Nik Azida Binti Nik Mahmood

A DOZEN NAILSIntroduction

Factors that affect the stability of an object.

What Do I Need?

What Do I Do?

1. Hammer an iron nail into the wooden board firnely.

2. Put 5 iron nails together on one side. Put the other four on the other side.

3. Place one iron on the top of others.

4. Hold all the nails at both ends and lift them?

5. Then, stabilized these iron nails on the standing still nail?

6. For the second challenge, hammer 3 iron nails on a wooden block?

7. Then, using the remaining nails, build a square on top of these three nails?


A wooden board

A hammer

A dozen iron nails

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A DOZEN NAILSWhat Happened?

When the iron nails is arranged in a pattern of two sides comb or a square on top of the three nails, the weight distributed fairly. When all these nails able to hanged freely on one standing nail, they are kept hanging due to a balance centre of gravity. The distribution of the weight through all the nails help them to be stabilized.

Another reason is, the wide area of the base is formed when the nails hang over with all the sharp ends spreading out. This will also increase the stability of the nails.


• Science Form Two syllabus.• The theme of “Technological and Industrial Development in Society”,• The learning area of “Stability”.• Learning outcomes:-1) Relate the point of equilibrium as the centre of gravity of an object2) Relate the centre of gravity to the stability of an object3) Relate how the weight affect the stability of an object4) Relate the size of base area to the stability of an object5) Suggest ways to improve the stability of an object

References:• Curriculum Specifications Science Form Two• http://www.metacafe.sciencetrick.com


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CATCHING THE RINGSIntroduction

Plastic is a form of synthetic polymer. It is made through the polymerisation pro-cess, and its raw material (ethylene-a type of gas) comes from petroleum. It is tough yet cheap and widely used in everyday applications.

What Do I Need?

• Sharpened pencils• Various type of plastic rings ( various colours)• Various type of wooden rings• Plastic bag (medium size)• Water

What Do I Do?

1. Fill a plastic bag with water and seal the top tightly.2. Put some colourful rings in the plastic bag. Allow the plastic bag to hang freely to make the activity easier.3. Stab one pencil into the plastic bag and try to get many rings without any water spilling out.4. Puncture the bag with several newly sharpened pencils, to ensure the water won’t leak out.

What Happened?

Most plastic bags are made of polyethylene. When polyethylene is heated, its mol-ecules shrink, so when you stab a pencil through the polyethylene bag, the friction of the pencil against the plastic heats the polyethylene molecules and causes them to shrink around the pencil. That’s one reason why no water will leak out.The wooden ring is easily picked by the pencil it is less dense and half float in the water compared to the plastic ring.


Water Various of plastic rings ( various colours)

Various type of wooden rings

Plastic bag (medium size)Sharpened pencils

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CATCHING THE RINGSCurriculum Specifications Link

• Science Form One syllabus. With the learning area of “Synthetic Materials in Industry – Synthetic Polimers”.• Learning outcomes:-1) Defining what synthetic polymers is2) Analysing plastics3) Practise responsible attitudes in the disposal of synthetic polymers

References:

• Curriculum Specifications Science Form Five


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Tearchers Fellowship Program 2007/COL/Mini Showsprepared by: Zaiton Binti Minhat

THE DANCING MOTHBALLSIntroduction

In the activity students think about the scientific explanation of the puzzling ‘danc-ing mothballs’

What Do I Need?

2 beakers1 box of Nopthatene (ubat gegat)2 bottle of vinegar1 bottle of salt and sugar1 bottle of Soda Bicarbonate

What Do I Do?

1. Label the 3 beakers A, B and C

2. Then pour vinegar into each of the beakers in equal amount.

3. Put 3 tablespoons of _______ into:

Beaker A Beaker B Beaker CSugar Salt Soda Bicarbonate


1 bottle of salt and sugar

1 bottle of Soda Bicarbonate

VinegarVinegar

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1 box of Nopthatene (ubat gegat)

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Tearchers Fellowship Program 2007/COL/Mini Showsprepared by: Zaiton Binti Minhat

4. Stir the mixture in each beaker

5. Lastly, take 6 balls of naphthalene

6. Now, observe the reaction. What do you see?

What Happened?

The naphthalene balls in Beaker C were dancing. The bicarbonate of soda is the compound of sodium, hydrogen, carbon and oxygen. In the chemical reaction, it breaks up in contact with the vinegar.


BA C

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Tearchers Fellowship Program 2007/COL/Mini Showsprepared by: Hashimi Bin Ismail

HOMOPOLAR MOTORIntroduction

This activity will show you on how to make an interesting homopolar motor that makes screws spin. The homopolar motor demonstrated by Michael Faraday in 1821 at the Royal Institution in London.

What Do I Need?

• Metal screw• Connecting wire• Alkaline battery • Neodymium disk magnet

What Do I Do?

1. Put a screw on the neodymium disk magnet.2. Attach the sharp point of the screw to the negative pole of the battery.3. Attach one end of the connecting wire to the positive pole of the battery.4. Bring the other end of the connecting wire towards the magnet.5. Observe what happens to the screw.


Connecting wires DU

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HOMOPOLAR MOTORWhat Happened?

A homopolar motor has a magnetic field along the axis of rotation and an electric current that at some point is not parallel to the magnetic field. Homopolar means the absence of polarity change. The screw and magnet contact the bottom of the battery cell and are held up by magnetic attraction.

Moving electric charges (an electric current) in a magnetic field experience a Lorents force. This force is perpendicular to both their direction of movement and the magnetic field. In the homopolar motor above, the electric current produced by the battery moves radially through the disk magnet, which has a magnetic field along its longitudinal axis. The resulting Lorentz force in the tangential direction pro-duces a torque in the magnet. Now it is free to rotate with the attached screw.


Science Year 3 – Magnet

Science Year 5Theme: Investigating Force And Energy- Learning Area : Energy- Learning Area : Electricity- Learning Area : Heat

Science Year 4Theme: Investigating Material- Learning Area: Properties of materials


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RISING COLOURED HOT WATERIntroduction

The activity below demonstrate the principle of the rising of coloured water using hot and cold water or heat transfer.

What Do I Need?

• Dark food colouring• Small jar• Small pitcher• Transparent plastic food wrapping• Scissors• Strong rubber band• Sharp pencil• Large jar• Small towel• Large pitcher• Hot water• Cold water

What Do I Do?

1. Pour some of the food coloring into the small jar. You may need to add more later; to give your solution a deep colour. This will make the last stage easier to see.2. Fill the small jar with hot water up to the brim.3. Cut a circular piece of the plastic food wrapping about 10 cm bigger than the top of the small jar. Place it over the top and secure it with a rubber band.4. With the sharp end of the pencil, carefully make two small holes in the plastic that is covering the top of the jar.5. Place the small jar inside a large jar. Fill the large jar with cold water until the water level is about twice height of the small jar.6. Observe what is happening in the jar.


small jarlarge jar

small picther

Transparent plastic food wrapping

Sharp pencil

HUHU

Strong rubber band

Small tower

scissors

hot water

cold water

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RISING COLOURED HOT WATERWhat Happened?

The coloured hot water begins rising from the holes because it is lighter or less dense than the cold water around it.

This activity also show the concept of heat transfer where heat moves from hot areas to cold areas to form equilibrium of temperature in the water. Heat is trans-ferred when there convection current is formed due to this concept.


Science Year 5

Theme : Investigating Force And Energy- Learning Area: Energy- Learning Area: Heat- Learning Area: States of Matter


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WHEREISMYMUM?HUMANMOLECULESTIMULUSRESPONSEMEETTHESUN

2007

TEACHERSSNACKBOOK

Tearchers Fellowship Program 2007/COL/SimulationPrepared by: Zaharah Binti Ismail Ali

WHERE IS MY MUM?

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Introduction:

This activity is to help pre-school children understand and identify the characteris-tics of a frog and other animals and their life cycles. It also helps enhance their creativity.

What Do I Need?

• A story script• Props – frog, butterfly, cow, cat and toad• Narrator

What Do I Do?

1. Understand the story.2. Choose the characters

What Happened?

The story is about a frog that wants to find its mother. The characteristics of a frog is different form other animals. Its lifecycle is different from animals in the farm.


Story

A story scriptProps – frog, butter�y, cow, cat and toad

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Tearchers Fellowship Program 2007/COL/SimulationPrepared by: Zaharah Binti Ismail Ali

WHERE IS MY MUM?Pre-school Curriculum:

Bahasa dan KomunikasiBahasa Melayu1.1.5 Mendengar dan memberi gerak balas terhadap:-a) Arahanb) Ceritac) Perbualan

2.1.1 Berbual dalam Bahasa mudah dengan sebutan yang betul.2.4.1 Merekodkan watak-watak menggunakan bahasa yang sesuai untuk menghidupkan watak tersebut.3.9.2 Menceritakan semula bahan yang dibaca melalui lisan, tulisan atau lukisan.

Bahasa Inggeris1.3.2 Listen to words said aloud and match them with pictures.1.4.1 Listen and carry out simple instructions.2.3.3 Say out repeated sentences in stories.2.5.1 Sing songs and perform appropriate actions.2.7.1 Enact familiar daily situations.3.3.1 Recognise and pronounce simple words.

Kognitif7.1.2 Membuat perbandingan dan perbezaan pemerhatian.8.1.2 Membuat ramalan apa yang akan berlaku selepas memerhati sesuatu peris-tiwa.9.1.2 Menceritakan peristiwa mengikut masa.

Kerohanian dan Moral1.2.1 Menyebut sifat wajib Allah S.W.T4.7.4 Menceritakan tentang haiwan kesayangan dan haiwan peliharaan.

Moral1.5.1 Menunjukkan sifat kasih saying.1.9.1 Memberi bantuan kepada orang lain.

Fizikal4.2.5 Menjaga keselamatan diri

Kreativiti dan estetika4.1.2 Mengambil bahagian dalam lakonan drama dan bacaan puisi.4.1.3 Menunjukkan semangat kerjasama dalam persediaan dan persembahan.

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Tearchers Fellowship Program 2007/COL/SimulationPrepared by: Mohd Rasyiq Bin Ramli

HUMAN MOLECULE

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Introduction

This activity is to simulate the movement of molecules of water in the forms of solid, liquid and gas.

What Do I Need?

• Volunteers• Black plastic rubbish bags• An A3 poster with pictures of fire, ice and water molecules

What Do I Do?

1. Ask 30 students to volunteer for this simulation.2. 10 students will pretend to be molecules of water.3. 10 students will wear black plastic rubbish bags.4. 5 students will pretend to be fire and the other 5 will be ice.5. Ask the students wearing the rubbish bags to form a pot. Ask the (10) water mo-ecules to go inside the pot.


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volunteers black plastic rubbish bagsan A3 posters with pictures of �re,ice and water molecules


HUMAN MOLECULE6. Ask 6 water molecules to stand together in the middle of the pot and ask the other 4 to be just around the group of 6.7. Ask the students (ice) to go near the pot.

8. When this happens, the pot will be cold. Ask the students (water molecules) what they would do when they are in a cold condition. Normally they would hug them-selves and get close to each other.

9. Ask the students (fire) to go near the pot.

10. When this happens, the pot will be hot. Ask the water molecules what they would do when they are in a hot condition. Normally they would move apart.

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HUMAN MOLECULE11. When the heat is increased, the pot will get hotter. So the molecules inside the pot will try to get out.

12. Ask the student who pretends to be the cover to open the pot.13. Some of the students (water molecules) will try to escape from the pot.

What Happened?

This activity shows the simulation of water molecules changing forms between solid, liquid and gas. In this simulation, we see what happens to the water mol-ecules. In the form of a solid, all the water molecules will attach with each other due to a covalent bond. When heat is present, the water molecules absorb heat energy, weakening the covalent bond and the water molecules move away from each other. If we put the water in a cold condition, the kinetic energy of each molecule is reduced thus increasing the covalent bond between them.


1. Matter Science Form 1

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Tearchers Fellowship Program 2007/COL/Simulationprepared by: Nik Azida Binti Nik Mahmood

STIMULUS - RESPONSE

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Introduction

This is a simulation of how the human sensory responds to various stimuli. In this simulation, it will focus on the skin as it is one of the most important sensory organs. Various stimuli are used to stimulate the receptors in the human skin.

What Do I Need?

• Pictures of skin, hand, impulse, brain, nerve and effectors • String (to hang the pictures)• Plastic rubbish bags• 18 volunteers• 2 envelopes (with written messages)• Red ribbon• Blue ribbon

What Do I Do?

1. Ask for 18 volunteers to participate in the simulation.2. 1 volunteer will play the role of the brain. 1 volunteer will play the role of skin. 1 volunteer will play the role of the hand. 5 volunteers will play the role of impulses, 5 volunteers will be the various stimuli (hot kettle, knife, flower, ice and fire).3. Each participant will wear the respective pictures to be easily identified.4. All the participants will be arranged in an oval shape in the order shown below: Hand, skin, impulse, 5 nerves, brain, 5 effectors.


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18 volunteers 2 envelopes (with written messages)

Blue ribbon

Red ribbon

black plastic rubbish bags string (to hang the picture)Impulse Hand

SkinBrain

Nerve

E�ectors

Tearchers Fellowship Program 2007/COL/Simulationprepared by: Nik Azida Binti Nik Mahmood

STIMULUS - RESPONSE5. The participants playing the role of stimuli will move close and touch the hand. The hand will pass the red ribbon to the skin, stimulating it.6. The skin receptor takes the impulse and passes it to the nerve. The impulse will then continue to be carried along the nerves.7. Later, this impulse is sent to the brain and it will decide how to respond.8. After making a decision, the brain will send a message in an envelope along the effectors.9. The last of the effectors will remove the message from the envelope and read it out loud.10. The effectors will react according to the message.11. Repeat the steps 5 to 10 by using another stimulus to see the response.

What Happened?

When the stimulus (hot kettle, knife, flower, ice and fire) touches the hand, it will stimulate the skin receptors. An impulse will be produced and is carried along the nerve to the brain. The brain will interpret the message received and decide how to respond. The brain will send the message in a form of an impulse back to the hand. This time, the message is carried by the effectors. The effectors help the hand respond towards the stimulus.


• Science Form Two syllabus. With the theme of “Matter in Nature”, the learning area of “Water and Solution”.• Learning outcome:- Describe the physical characteristics of water • Science Form Four. Chapter 2.• Learning area, Body coordination.• Learning outcomes: Analysing nervous coordination.

References:

• Curriculum Specifications Science Form Two• Curriculum Specifications Science Form Four

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Tearchers Fellowship Program 2007/COL/SimulationPrepared by: Zaiton bt Minhat

MEET THE SUN

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Introduction

Wind, water, plants, animals and fuels produce energy. All of them contain stored energy from the Sun. This simulation shows how important the Sun is as the main source of energy.

What Do I Need?

Use a puppet symbolysing the sun for all the following dialogues.Props

What Do I Do?

Get a person to be the flower, tree branch, toy dinasour and toy car.

The Sun : Hello boys and girls. I’m the Sun. I don’t want to brag, but I’m an important source of energy.The flower : Plants don’t eat like people do. Instead, they use sunlight for energy to grow and stay alive. If there were no plants, what would animals and people eat? Your people certainly need me.The tree branch : As a tree grows it stores the sun’s energy in its wood.When the wood is burnt, it releases the sun’s energy as heat and light.The dinosaur : Long ago, when the dinosaurs were still alive, plants and animals used the sun’s energy. When they died, the sun’s energy was stored in them. Today some of these plants and animals with the stored energy have trans-formed into coal, petroleum and natural gas.The toy car : When we use petrol in a car we are using very old sun’s energy to make the car go!”The Sun : By myself, I can keep you warm and give you light. I can be used to heat your home and your water. You must agree that I’m very useful. What Happened?

Fuels are a natural source of energy. Fuels are materials that burn to give out heat energy. Examples of fuels are wood, coal, charcoal, petroleum and natural gas.

Curriculum Specifications

Science Year 4 and 5


Props – a �ower, a tree branch, a toy dinosaur, a toy car.

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WORKSHOP

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TEACHERSSNACKBOOK

RAINBOWCREAMSANDWICHMAGNOHARBOURWEATHERINDICATINGFLOWERELECTRICALBUGS

Tearchers Fellowship Program 2007/COL/Workshop ActivityPrepared by: Zaharah Binti Ismail Ali

RAINBOW CREAM SANDWICHIntroduction:

This activity is to help pre-school children• use their senses to differentiate shape, size taste, texture, and sound;• be creative.• use kitchen tools in a safe way.

What Do I Need?

1. a loaf of bread2. sugar3. icing sugar4. butter5. 3 -4 tablespoons6. 3 – 4 wooden spoons7. 3 – 4 bowls8. 3 – 4 plastic / paper plates9. 3 – 4 butter knives10. newspapers11. 3 – 4 sieves12. mahjong paper13. vanilla essence14. chocolate rice, colourful icing, colourful rice beads (for decoration).

What Do I do?

1. Get a few students to taste the butter, sugar, icing sugar, vanilla essence, and bread. Ask the children how the taste is.

2. Show the students the normal sugar. Students then watch the teacher grind the sugar.


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Vanilla Essense

vanilla essence

3 – 4 butter knives3 – 4 plastic / paper plates

The ABC News

newspapers

3 -4 tablespoons3 – 4 wooden spoonsa loaf of bread

icing sugar

The Sun

. butter

3 – 4 bowls

chocolate ricecolourful icing colourful rice beads

(for decoration).

3 – 4 sieves mahjong paper


RAINBOW CREAM SANDWICH3. Sieve the sugar, it is now fine sugar which is called icing sugar.

4. Put 1 tablespoon of icing sugar and 2 tablespoons of butter into the bowl.

5. Stir the two ingredients until it is well mixed and becomes creamy.

6. Add vanilla essence to the mixture and stir well.

7. Take the butter knife and spread the cream on a slice of bread.

8. Decorate it with chocolate rice, colourful icing and colourful rice beads.

9. Lastly, clean the room and enjoy the quick and yummy snack!

What Happened?

When heat is applied to the icing sugar and butter, it increases the friction and melts the butter. The more we stir, the hotter the mixture gets. It also causes the mixture to become fluffy and creamy. We are also able to see the changes to the texture and taste the cream. We also hear the sound as the mixture is being creamed. We use all our senses for this.


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RAINBOW CREAM SANDWICHPreschool Curriculum:

Bahasa Melayu1.1.5 Mendengar dan memberi gerak balas terhadap arahan dan perbualan2.1.1 Berbual dalam bahasa mudah dengan sebutan yang betul.3.1.2 Mengaitkan huruf dengan bentuk objek di persekitaran.4.2.1 Menulis perkataan

Bahasa Inggeris1.4.1 Listen and carry out simple instructions.3.3.1 Recognize and sound simple words.4.1.1 Engage in activities requiring had-eye coordination.

Kognitif (Matematik)1.1.1 Mengelaskan objek mengikut satu ciri:- a) warna b) saiz c) bentuk1.1.4 Mengelaskan objek mengikut rasa.1.1.5 Mengelaskan objek mengikut bau.4.1.1 Membilang objek 1-5.7.1.1 Memerhati dan merekod pemerhatian.7.1.3 Menerangkan pemerhatian yang dilalukan.9.1.1 Menyusun peristiwa mengikut urutan masa.

Kerohanian dan MoralA) MoralKandungan:-1.12 Memupuk sikap sabar.B) Agama Islam4.2.1. Melakukan amalan seharian mengikut adab:- a) Mengingati Allah S.W.T. dengan membaca Bismillah. b) Bersyukur atas NikmatNya dengan membaca Alhamdulillah c) Menyatakan adab makan minum.B) Fizikal1.1.1 Menggunakan jari untuk aktiviti seperti mengacau, menabur.3.4.1 Mengamalkan makanan dan pemakanan yang baik dan seimbang.3.5.3 Menjaga kebersihan pakaian, tempat dan peralatan yang digunakan.4.2.2 Menerangkan tempat menyimpan alatan atau bahan yang berharga.4.2.5 Menjaga keselamatan diri.

Kreativiti dan Estetika2.1.11 Menceritakan hasil kerja


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Tearchers Fellowship Program 2007/COL/Workshop ActivityPrepared by: Rasyiq Bin Ramli

MAGNO HARBOURIntroduction

This activity is to discover the properties of different type of magnets and how it can be useful in our lives.

What Do I Need?

• different types, shapes and sizes of magnets• a basin of water• different shapes of bottles and plastic containers

What Do I Do?

1. With the basin of water design your own harbour. Create the landscape with your own imagination.

2. Use the bottles and plastic containers to create a boat, a ship, a submarine using your own creativity.

3. After completing the models, stick the magnets inside each model.


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A water of basin

different types, shapes and sizes of magnets

Different shapes of bottles and plastic containers

Tearchers Fellowship Program 2007/COL/Workshop ActivityPrepared by: Rasyiq Bin Ramli

MAGNO HARBOUR4. Place the models inside the designed harbour.

5. Try to move the models by using magnets outside the basin. Give some chal-lenge to the players.

What Happened?A magnet is a material or object that produces a magnetic field. A “hard’’ or ‘’per-manent’’ magnet is one which stays magnetized for a long time. Such magnes are often used on refrigerator doors. Permanent magnets occur naturally in some rocks, particularly lodestone, but are now more commonly manufactured. They are many type of magnets (shoe horse, u-shape, ring and etc) and most common magnets are south magnetic pole and north magnetic pole.When 2 magnets with the same pole will repel each other. Magnets with different poles will attract each other. So all the vehicles can be pushed or pulled in the ‘Magno Harbour’ using the mag-nets.


1. Magnetism Science Form 3.


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Tearchers Fellowship Program 2007/COL/Workshop ActivityPrepared by: Nik Azida binti Nik Mahmood

WEATHER INDICATING FLOWERIntroduction

This activity is to indicate the humidity of air. The weather-indicating flower can be used to forecast the weather. It can show the moisture of air. It can even indicate the low humidity of air during a dry spell. The weather changes can be seen by the cobalt chloride colour change.

What Do I Need?

What Do I Do?

1. A small sheet of blotting paper is cut into shapes of flower.

2. Then, the flower is tied to a thick wire using the cotton thread.

3. About 20 g of cobalt chloride is added into a bowl of water to form a concen-trated solution.


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Cobalt chloride (about 20g)

Hair dryer

Button

Sewing needle

Leaf

Blotting paper

Scissors

Cotton thread

Modelling clayThick wire (about 15 cm)

A pot

A bowl of water

Water sprinkler


WEATHER INDICATING FLOWER4. The blotting paper flower is dipped into this solution and dried using a hair dryer.

5. Put the weather indicating flower in a pot. It should be filled with modelling clay.

6. The wheather-indicating flower is ready to be tested. If the colour of the flower turns pink, it indicates rain. If the colour turns blue, it indicates dry weather.

7. The hair dryer is used to create dry weather conditions. The water srpinkler is used to sprinkle water as rain.


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WEATHER INDICATING FLOWERWhat Happened?

The use of cobalt chloride is to show one of the physical properties of water. It is as colourless, tasteless and its boiling point is100�C. Its freezing point and melting point is 0�C. Water can also change the colour of cobalt chloride from blue to pink. So, the change of colour of the flower depends on the weather change.


• Science From Two syllabus. With the theme of “Matter in Nature’’, the learn-ing area of “Water and Solution’’.• Learning outcomes:-Describe the physical characteristics of water.

References:

• Curriculum Specifications Science Form Two


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Tearchers Fellowship Program 2007/COL/Workshop ActivityPrepared by: Zaiton Binti Minhat

ELECTRICAL BUGSIntroduction

Some materials allow electricity to flow through them. These are known as conduc-tors. In this experiment, you can make a bug to which conducts electricity. When the bug touches a conductor, its nose will light up.

What you need?

What do you do?

1. Cut a piece of plastic-coated electrical wire as long as a D size battery. Cut another piece twice as long.

2. Without cutting the metal wire, cut into the plastic a finger’s width from each end and pull the plastic ends off.

3. Tape one end of the long wire to the flat end of the battery. Tape the wire along-side the battery.


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small bulb

electrical wire

ping pong ball.

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battery (D size)

Some decoration for its leg.

colour pencil, colour paper Masking tape

scissors

Aluminium foil

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ELECTRICAL BUGS4. Wrap one end of the short wire around the metal base of a small torch bulb.5. Hold the bulb base against the wire – free end of the battery. Use poster tack to secure it.

6. Scrunch a palm-sized piece of kitchen foil tightly around each of the free ends of wire to make two bulbs.

7. Cut a piece of bright paper big enough to cover the battery and tape it on.

8. Draw two wing shapes on some thick paper. Cut them out and glue them onto your bug’s back.

9. Cut two pipe cleaners in half. Tape three of the pieces across the bottom of the bug. Then bend them into legs.


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ELECTRICAL BUGS10. Make eyes from circles of paper. Draw pupils in the middle. Glue them onto the poster tack near the bulb.

11. Now touch different things with both foil balls. If the objects are con-ductors the bug’s nose will light up.

What Happened?

Metal is a good conductor. When the foil balls touch metal, electricity flows from the battery and lights up the bulb. The electricity flows from the bulb along the wire, through the conductor and back to the other end of the battery through the wire. This is called a circuit. If the bulb doesn’t touch a conductor, electricity can’t flow, so the bulb doesn’t light up.


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*DURACELL

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