7/26/2019 FIZIK 1_1

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Type of Bonding

Ionic Bonding

- It always found in compounds of both metallic and non metallic elements

- Eg: NaCl- One valance 3s electron from sodium transferred to Cl atom, fter a transferring process,

the Cl has a net negative charge and electron configuration identical

- Coulombic force occurs in between natrium atom and chlorine atom! "hey attract one

another

Covalent Bonding

- In covalent bonding, stable electron configuration can be assumed as sharing the electron

with ad#acent electron! $ atoms that are covalently bonded will each contribute at least

one electron to the bond and the shared electron may be considered as belongs to both

atom

- Eg: C%& 'methane(, %$O, %NO3, %) 'all in gases(- Eg: in solid* carbon, diamond, silicon, germanium, gallium arsenide, indium antimonite

'In+b(, silicon cobalt '+iC(

Metallic Bonding

- +o called the final primary bonding type

- It is found in metal and their alloy- etallic material has or $, or the most 3 valence electron

- +imple model has been proposed! .ith this model, these valence electrons are not bound

in any particular electron in solid are more or less free to drift to entire metal!

- "hey can be formed as a /sea of electrons0 and /electron clouds0!

- )or more detail, you can refer to page $3 in the te1t boo2 'Calister(

Secondary Bonding (Van der Waals Bonding)

- hysically bonds are wea2 to primary bonding

- Is evidenced in inert gases which has stable electron structure and in addition, between

molecules in molecular structures that are covalently bounded 'page 34 in the te1t boo2

'Calister((

5: E1plain why covalently bonded materials are generally less dense than ironical or metallically

bonded ones6