annual repor t mweb... · kandungan contents lagu miros / miros song institut penyelidikan...

2010 Annual ReportLaporan Tahunan

Demi negara kitadan seluruh duniakita cekal bertugas mencapai cemerlang

kita sentiasa mencari penyelesaiannyasegala masalahnahas di jalan raya

kita sentiasa berusaha kita sentiasa menerokainya untuk keselamatan semua

MIROSutamakan keselamatanuntuk capai kesejahteraan

agar tercapai impianhapus kesengsaraan

MIROSteruskan usaha murnidengan keikhlasan hati

memberi impak yang wajaharum namamu di dunia

MIROS....

LAGU MIROS MIROS SONG

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Laporan Tahunan MIROS 2010 MIROS Annual Report

KANDUNGAN CONTENTS

Lagu MIROS / MIROS Song

Institut Penyelidikan Keselamatan Jalan Raya Malaysia (MIROS) / Malaysian Institute of Road Safety Research (MIROS)

Visi, Misi dan Fungsi / Vision, Mission and Functions

Perutusan Menteri Pengangkutan / Minister’s Message

Perutusan Ketua Setiausaha / Secretary General’s Message

Laporan Ketua Pengarah / Director General’s Report

Lembaga Pengarah / Board of Directors

Pengurusan / Management

Ketua Unit / Heads of Unit

Carta Organisasi / Organisation Chart

Pencapaian KPI 2010 / 2010 KPI Achievement

Sanjung Sujana MIROS 2010: Anugerah Pencapaian Cemerlang 2010 (APC 2010) / Sanjung Sujana MIROS 2010: Exemplary Achievement Award

(APC 2010)

Laporan Penyelidikan MIROS 2010 / MIROS Research Reports 2010

Ujian Perlanggaran Kenderaan Penumpang Terbuka Pertama / 1st Passenger Car Outdoor Crash Test

Program Penilaian Kenderaan Malaysia (MyVAP) / Malaysian Vehicle Assessment Programme (MyVAP)

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202122232429

3457

58

606264

66

68

70

71

748384

100101102

Lorekan Median / Central Hatching

Ujian Perlanggaran Motosikal / Motorcycle Crash Test

Pusat Penyelidikan Perubahan Tingkah Laku Pengguna Jalan Raya (RUBC) / Road User Behavioural Change Research Centre (RUBC)

Pusat Penyelidikan Kejuruteraan Keselamatan Jalan Raya dan Persekitaran (REER) / Road Engineering and Environment Research

Centre (REER)

Pusat Penyelidikan Biomekanik dan Keselamatan Kenderaan (VSB) / Vehicle Safety and Biomechanics Research Centre (VSB)

Bahagian Pentadbiran dan Kewangan (ADFI) / Administration and Finance Division (ADFI)

Bahagian Penerbitan dan Pengurusan Ilmu (PKM) / Publications and Knowledge Management Division (PKM)

Laporan Kewangan / Financial Report

Laporan Penerbitan / Publications Report

Laporan Latihan dan Pembangunan Kapasiti / Training and Capacity Building Report

Laporan Sumber Manusia / Human Resource Report

Laporan i-MIROS / i-MIROS Report

Senarai Siasatan Perlanggaran / List of Crash Investigations

Halaman / Page

Halaman / Page

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Institut Penyelidikan Keselamatan Jalan Raya Malaysia (MIROS) ditubuhkan pada tahun 2007, dan berfungsi sebagai sebuah pusat sehenti bagi penghasilan dan penyebaran maklumat mengenai keselamatan jalan raya melalui pelbagai media dan program latihan bersepadu. MIROS menjalankan kajian-kajian strategik, serta menilai prosedur sedia ada tentang keselamatan di jalan raya untuk menghasilkan maklumat dan bukti yang akan menjadi asas bagi membangunkan program intervensi berasaskan bukti dalam meningkatkan keselamatan di jalan raya.

Dipimpin oleh seorang Ketua Pengarah, institut ini mempunyai tiga pusat penyelidikan yang masing-masing mempunyai bidang kajian yang khusus tentang keselamatan jalan raya, dan dua bahagian yang menyediakan khidmat sokongan.

The Malaysian Institute of Road Safety Research (MIROS) was established in 2007 to function as a one-stop centre for the generation and dissemination of road safety information through various media and a concerted training programme. The institute carries out strategic studies and evaluates current procedures on road safety to generate information that will form the core of its evidence-based intervention programmes to enhance road safety.

Headed by a Director General, the institute comprises three research centres that delve into specific areas of road safety, and two divisions which provide supporting services.

INSTITUT PENYELIDIKAN KESELAMATAN JALAN RAYA MALAYSIA (MIROS) MALAYSIAN INSTITUTE OF ROAD SAFETY RESEARCH (MIROS)

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VisiUntuk muncul sebagai peneraju dunia dalam penyelidikan keselamatan jalan raya

MisiUntuk memupuk sains dan kesenian dalam intervensi keselamatan jalan raya

Fungsi• Menjalankan penyelidikan berimpak tinggi yang akan ditafsirkan menjadi dasar keselamatan jalan raya.

• Membangunkan objektif, dasar dan keutamaan nasional untuk pembangunan dan pengurusan penyelidikan keselamatan jalan raya yang tersusun.

• Menambah baik dan meningkatkan pengetahuan berdasarkan perkembangan baharu dalam isu-isu berkaitan dengan keselamatan jalan raya.

• Menjadi fasilitator audit dan akreditasi untuk mereka bentuk kurikulum dan piawaian berkaitan dengan keselamatan jalan raya.

• Mengusulkan intervensi/program yang berasaskan bukti dan berkesan dari segi kos.

• Berperanan sebagai pusat pengetahuan dan penghubung berkaitan dengan keselamatan jalan raya.

• Berperanan sebagai pusat memberi rundingan dan nasihat tentang isu-isu keselamatan jalan raya.

VisionTo emerge as a world leader in road safety research

MissionTo foster the science and art of road safety interventions

Functions• Conduct high impact research that will be translated into road safety policies.

• Develop national objectives, policies, and priorities for the orderly development and administration of road safety research.

• Enhance and increase knowledge based on new developments in issues related to road safety.

• Facilitate the audit and accreditation for curriculum design and standards on road safety.

• Propose evidence based cost-effective interventions/ programmes.

• Serve as a repository of knowledge and point of linkages on road safety.

• Serve as a centre providing consultation and advice on road safety issues.

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Sokongan dalam bentuk data empirikal dan perundingan daripada MIROS membolehkan Kementerian Pengangkutan membuat keputusan bagi melaksanakan dasar-dasar berkaitan keselamatan jalan raya. Berdasarkan input daripada MIROS, kerajaan dapat mengkaji dan melaksanakan setiap dasar berkenaan dengan lebih baik, di samping membuat penambahbaikan dari masa ke masa.

Peranan MIROS ternyata begitu penting dalam membantu hasrat kerajaan bagi mengurangkan kemalangan. Laporan tahunan ini diharap dapat menjadi satu medium yang menghubung dan mendidik pembaca-pembacanya berkenaan MIROS, serta usaha-usaha yang sedang dijalankan, di samping dijadikan bahan rujukan dan penyelidikan.

Tahniah kepada MIROS atas usaha dan komitmen dalam menjalankan tugas. Teruskan usaha cemerlang ini.

Supports in the form of empirical data and consultations from MIROS benefit the Ministry of Transport and also the government in making decisions concerning road safety related policies. Based on the inputs from MIROS, the implementations and reviews of said policies become easier.

The country’s desire to reduce road traffic crashes could be achieved with the help of MIROS. This annual report is expected to become a medium that connects and educates its readers to MIROS and the work that they carry out.

Congratulations to MIROS on their effort and commitment in carrying out their duties. Keep up the good work.

PERUTUSAN MENTERI PENGANGKUTAN MINISTER’S MESSAGE

YB. Dato’ Seri Kong CHo HaMenteri Pengangkutan Malaysia

Minister Of Transport Malaysia

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PERUTUSAN KETUA SETIAUSAHA SECRETARY GENERAL’S MESSAGE

Terlebih dahulu, saya ingin mengucapkan tahniah kepada MIROS atas penerbitan Laporan Tahunan MIROS 2010.

MIROS kini telah masuk tahun keempat semenjak penubuhannya. Dalam tempoh tersebut, MIROS telah memainkan peranan penting ke arah mencapai matlamat negara untuk meningkatkan tahap keselamatan jalan raya.

Memandangkan keselamatan jalan raya melibatkan pelbagai pihak, MIROS juga dilihat telah berjaya membina jaringan hubungan yang baik bersama agensi-agensi kerajaan, organisasi bukan kerajaan, media dan orang ramai.

Walaupun masih belum mempunyai kemudahan sendiri seperti kompleks dan fasiliti bagi ujian perlanggaran, MIROS telah berjaya menjalankan beberapa ujian perlanggaran pada tahun 2010 dan inisiatif tersebut telah meningkatkan input penyelidikan MIROS.

Saya yakin MIROS akan terus memainkan peranan yang penting dalam usaha bagi meningkatkan lagi tahap keselamatan jalan raya di Malaysia.

Terima kasih.

I wish to congratulate MIROS on the publication of its Annual Report 2010.

MIROS is now entering its fourth year since its inception. Over the last four years, MIROS has come to play a key role toward the nation’s objective of enhancing road safety. In this regard, MIROS has also forged close relationships with various NGOs, the media, government agencies and the public as road safety is a collective endeavour.

I am pleased to note that while awaiting the completion of its own complex and crash facilities, MIROS has taken the initiative to carry out several crash tests in 2010, providing it with valuable research input.

I am confident that MIROS will continue to play its important role in contributing toward a higher level of road safety in Malaysia.

Thank you.

Y.BHg. Dato’ Long See WooLKetua Setiausaha Kementerian PengangkutanSecretary General

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LAPORAN KETUA PENGARAH DIRECTOR GENERAL’S REPORT

ProF Dr aHMaD FarHan Bin MoHD SaDULLaHKetua Pengarah, MIROSDirector General, MIROS

Tahun 2010 adalah tahun yang sangat memberi kesan bagi Institut Penyelidikan Keselamatan Jalan Raya Malaysia (MIROS). Di samping mengharungi cabaran-cabaran yang ada dalam bidang keselamatan jalan raya, MIROS juga perlu sentiasa memastikan yang ianya kukuh dan mampan sebagai sebuah institusi. Berpandukan kepada kejayaan dan kegagalan terdahulu, MIROS perlu memberikan hasil positif di samping turut memperbaiki kelemahan-kelemahan yang ada, di samping mengembangkan kualiti dan kekuatan yang sedia ada.

Pihak pengurusan MIROS telah menetapkan bahawa tahun 2010 adalah permulaan fasa pengukuhan (Rajah 1) dalam pelan strategik MIROS. Kegiatan-kegiatan penting yang dapat mengatasi masalah dalaman MIROS telah pun dijalankan, dan dapat menyatupadukan warga kerja MIROS.

Tahun 2010 telah mengajar MIROS bahawa ada hikmah di sebalik kegagalan dalam mendapatkan kejayaan. Sebagai sebuah organisasi yang baru, MIROS juga memerlukan masa bagi mengkaji, mencermin dan merancang semula bagi mengatasi perasaan letih, hampa dan kurang kepercayaan yang mungkin terhasil dari operasi seharian MIROS.

Keputusan yang diambil oleh pihak pengurusan MIROS untuk menumpukan perhatian terhadap isu-isu dalaman dalam suku tahun kedua tahun 2010 membuahkan hasil apabila di penghujung tahun, warga kerja MIROS telah menunjukkan usaha untuk

The year 2010 was a very satisfying and an impactful year for the Malaysian Institute of Road Safety Research (MIROS). As MIROS continues to traverse through the challenges of road safety, it also needed to tread carefully to ensure that MIROS, as an institution remains stable and sustainable. Guided by the need to build on past successes and to learn from the hard lessons of the past, MIROS must give impact continuously while at the same time; as a result of its novice status, need to overcome its vulnerability, and to ensure that its inner force and quality continue to grow.

The management of MIROS acknowledged that the year 2010 was the beginning of the “re-enforcement phase” in MIROS strategic plan (Figure 1). MIROS had consequently executed critical activities that would help address burning issues within MIROS that otherwise would be igniting the feeling of unrest and discomfort amongst the family members of MIROS.

Relating to this, the year 2010 has taught MIROS, that a temporary hiatus in progress can be a blessing. As a new organisation, MIROS also needed time to reflect, to reconsider and to re-strategise in order to overcome any

PHASE OF EXCELLENT

STABILISINGPHASE

RE-ENFORCEMENT PHASE

INCEPTION PHASE

2007

2007

2009

2015

2020

VisionWorld leader in road safety

research

MissionDevelop science and art of road safety

interventions

ObjectivesRelevant research, new knowledge and technology,

audit and acrreditation agency, cost-e�ective interventions, management of knowledge

THE JOURNEY OF MIROS TOWARDS ITS VISION

Rajah 1 Pelan Strategik MIROSFigure 1 MIROS Strategic Plan

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mengatasi cabaran dalaman ini dan mengeluarkan hasil yang melepasi jangkaan banyak pihak.

Sikap tidak mudah putus asa MIROS datangnya dari sebab mengapa ianya ditubuhkan. MIROS ditubuhkan dengan objektif menghasilkan kajian-kajian berkualiti dalam bidang keselamatan jalan raya dalam negara dan juga di peringkat antarabangsa. Sebagai sebahagian dari Pelan Keselamatan Jalan Raya Malaysia 2006–2010 (Rajah 2), satu strategi khusus bagi penubuhan sebuah institusi kajian telah direalisasikan apabila MIROS ditubuhkan pada 3 Januari 2007. Dengan misi memupuk sains dan kesenian bidang intervensi keselamatan jalan raya, MIROS tidak dapat gagal dalam tugas mulia ini dan perlu tekad memampankan diri bagi memastikan keselamatan pengguna jalan raya sentiasa dapat dijaga dan dipertingkatkan.

Tahun 2010 dimulakan dengan perutusan Ketua Pengarah MIROS yang mengajak warga MIROS untuk merealisasikan potensi MIROS dalam menuju kecemerlangan. Ini disebabkan kepentingan warga MIROS bagi ‘menukar langkah’ dalam mencapai sasaran MIROS mencapai visi dan misinya. Batu asas yang ditanam semasa penubuhan MIROS hendaklah digunakan sebaik-baiknya jika MIROS mahu menjadi relevan dan boleh diharap dalam menyelesaikan masalah keselamatan di jalan raya.

feelings of lethargy, “burn-out”, frustration and lost in trust towards management.

A decision by management to focus its effort in the second quarter of 2010 on domestic issues, quickly produced fruits, when towards the end of the year, the team at MIROS had shown their resolve to overcome challenges and had eventually produced outputs and outcomes that had surpassed many expectations.

MIROS owes its resilience to the reason for its being. MIROS was conceived with a clear intent of producing quality research work to help address both global and local road safety problems. As part of the 2006–2010 Malaysian Road Safety Plan (Figure 2), a specific strategic activity for the formation of a research institute was made realised when MIROS was incepted on 3rd January 2007. With a mission to “foster the art and science of road safety interventions”, MIROS cannot falter from this noble mission and needed to persevere to remain sustainable to enable her to continuously giving impact for the wellness of road users and humanity at large.

The year 2010 began with the Director General’s annual address inviting MIROS to realise its potential as part of its journey towards excellence. This call was made as the staff of MIROS needed to “shift gear” towards fulfilling their potential in order to help MIROS achieve its vision and mission. The building blocks established from the moment of her inception must quickly bear fruits as MIROS must be seen to be relevant and dependable to help solve this problem of road safety.

I am happy to note that the year 2010 has been the most productive and impactful year so far, not only to provide impact to road safety, but also in establishing important milestones for MIROS to leap frog into the “blue ocean” (Figure 3) by creating its own agenda, without needing to mimic other established organisations. To make it sweeter, MIROS’ activities have begun to give results, especially in encouraging the road safety players and contributors to be more aware of the need to subscribe to the “safe-system approach” (Figure 4).

Rajah 2 Pelan Keselamatan Jalan raya Malaysia 2006 – 2010Figure 2 2006-2010 Malaysian Road Safety Plan

Red Ocean Strategy Blue Ocean Strategy

Compete in existing market space Create uncontested market space

Beat the competition

Exploit existing demand

Make the value-cost trade-o�

Align the whole system of a company’s activities with its strategic choice of the di�erentiation or low cost

Make the competition irrelevant

Create and capture new demand

Break the value-cost trade-o�

Align the whole system of a company’s activities in pursuit of di�erentiation and low cost

Rajah 3 Strategi Lautan BiruFigure 3 Blue Ocean Stategy

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Saya dengan sukacitanya menyatakan bahawa tahun 2010 adalah tahun yang paling produktif dan memberi kesan bagi MIROS setakat ini, bukan sahaja dari segi kesan terhadap bidang keselamatan jalan raya, malahan juga dalam mencapai beberapa pencapaian yang penting bagi MIROS dalam melonjak ke dalam ‘lautan biru’ (Rajah 3) yang hanya dapat dicapai dengan mewujudkan agenda MIROS sendiri, tanpa meniru mana-mana agenda organisasi-organisasi lain yang sedia ada. Lebih manis lagi, hasil kerja MIROS telah mula menampakkan hasil, terutamanya dalam menggalakkan pihak-pihak penting dan penyumbang-penyumbang bidang keselamatan jalan raya untuk lebih mempercayai pendekatan “sistem-selamat” (Rajah 4).

Laporan saya dalam Laporan Tahunan MIROS 2010 ini akan merumuskan strategi, aktiviti dan hasil kerja kami bagi tahun ini.

Dari segi strategi, pada setiap tahun kami di MIROS akan sentiasa diperingatkan tentang misi, visi dan rancangan strategi kami bagi mencapainya, dengan tujuan menyelaraskan pergerakan semua kakitangan MIROS ke arah yang sama. Walau bagaimanapun cabarannya adalah dalam memandu semua kakitangan untuk bergerak di tahap dan kelajuan yang sama supaya tiada siapa-siapa yang menjadi beban yang akan melambatkan pergerakan seluruh agensi ini ke arah kejayaan. Bagi memastikan ini, kami di MIROS sentiasa diperingatkan mengenai kejayaan dan juga kegagalan lampau kami. Proses pembelajaran dari pengalaman silam telah terbukti sebagai alat yang sangat berkesan dalam pergerakan kami dalam menuju kejayaan.

Bergerak dengan berlandaskan kejayaan mencapai penunjuk prestasi utama (KPI) bagi tahun 2009, tahun 2010 menyaksikan MIROS berjaya mencapai KPI tahun ini dengan jayanya.

My report for this 2010 MIROS Annual Report will summarise our strategies, activities, outputs and the resulting outcomes.

Strategically, every year, MIROS will always be reminded of our vision, mission and our strategic plan to achieve them. This will align everyone at MIROS to the same goal. The challenge however remain to be the same every year, which is to propel everyone to be at the same speed and level so that none of us become laggards, thus delaying our motion towards success. In order to achieve this, MIROS is always being reminded of its previous successes as well as shortcomings. Learning from past lessons has been proven without fail to be a very potent tool for sustaining progress towards excellence.

Building on the achievements of meeting the key performance indicators (KPI) of 2009, the year 2010 saw MIROS surpassing the set KPI by leaps and bounds.

1. reSearCH aCtiVitieSAs a research institute, the KPI on research activities is very critical for MIROS in order to establish a culture of quality research. Fifty research projects were initiated in 2010, with 11 of them in collaboration with external parties. Despite the tender age of our researchers, MIROS was able to achieve 90% participation in research amongst researchers, with 75.4% amongst researchers as principal investigators, and 81.5% of researchers are involved with more than one research project. This is very critical to ensure leadership in research which is part of our human capital development strategy. It is also very heart-warming when MIROS had also received seven commissioned projects from outside parties, a testimony of the recognition accorded to our team.

outcomes

institutional Management Functions

interventions

Sosial CostsFinal OutcomesOutputs

Results FocusCoordinationLegislationFunding and Resource AllocationMonitoring and EvaluationResearch and DevelopmentKnowledge Transfer

User, Vehicle and Road/EnvironmentPre-, during and post-crash

Rajah 4: Pendekatan sistem-selamatFigure 4: Safe-system approach

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1. aKtiViti PenYeLiDiKanSebagai sebuah institusi penyelidikan, KPI berkenaan aktiviti penyelidikan adalah sangat penting bagi MIROS mewujudkan budaya penyelidikan

berkualiti. 50 projek penyelidikan telah dimulakan dalam 2010, dengan 11 darinya dijalankan dengan kerjasama pihak luar. Di sebalik usia muda para penyelidik kami, 90% penyelidik di MIROS telah berjaya melibatkan diri dalam kegiatan penyelidikan, dan 75.4% dari mereka menempatkan diri sebagai penyelidik utama dan 81.5% mereka melibatkan diri dalam lebih dari sebuah projek. Ini penting dalam melahirkan pemimpin dalam bidang penyelidikan, yang merupakan sebahagian dari strategi pembangunan sumber manusia kami. Satu fakta yang membanggakan adalah MIROS telah menerima tujuh projek penyelidikan dari pihak luar, satu bukti terhadap kepercayaan dan reputasi yang telah diperolehi MIROS.

2. HaSiL PenYeLiDiKanKegiatan penyelidikan hendaklah diakhiri dengan hasil supaya kajian itu sendiri mendatangkan kebaikan. Penunjuk ini adalah salah satu lagi KPI MIROS, dan saya dengan sukacitanya menyatakan bahawa bagi tahun 2010, pencapaian bagi KPI ini adalah sangat membanggakan. Sejumlah 18 laporan dalaman telah diterbitkan oleh MIROS, dan 58 kertas persidangan dan 11 laporan jurnal telah dihasilkan, dengan tujuh daripadanya telah diterbitkan oleh jurnal antarabangsa. Untuk sebuah organisasi yang baru ditubuhkan empat tahun sebelum ini, saya berpendapat bahawa ini adalah permulaan yang sangat baik untuk jangka masa akan datang.

2. reSearCH oUtPUtResearch activities must have outputs in order for their benefits to be realised. This indicator is another main KPI, and I am happy to note that for 2010, MIROS achievement of main KPI has been exceptional. We had 18 internal reports published to represent the various research outputs at MIROS. Additionally, researchers at MIROS produced 58 conference papers, and 11 journal papers, with seven of them in international journals. For a four-year-old organisation, I feel that this achievement is an extremely good start for an excellent future.

3. iMPaCt to SoCietYMIROS will fail if our work is not giving the impact that can drive change to the road safety scenario. In addition to the research outputs, the impact of activities at MIROS must be directly felt by the players and stakeholders of road safety. Towards this end, a dedicated category in our KPI has been set up.

The Crash Reconstruction Unit (CRU) continued to help resolve the mystery of crashes by investigating ninety eight (98) cases of crashes in 2010. Three major crashes involving buses towards the last quarter of the year had given MIROS the opportunity to establish its standing as the most reputable organisation in the country in the art of crash reconstruction and in-depth crash investigation (Figure 5).

Additionally, MIROS continued to nudge the relevant players through auditing exercises. Twelve road safety audits, two vehicle assessment audits (MyVAP) and 16 audits on the Safety, Health and Environment (SHE) practices amongst commercial vehicle operators were successfully carried out in the year 2010. MIROS believes that, whilst the effort of changing the road user behaviour is noble and effective, nudging the players to be safe has been proven to be more effective and has given us faster results.

As a custodian of road safety interventions, MIROS introduced more road safety interventions in 2010, namely, the introduction of United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) Regulation 94 concerning frontal collision protection, Regulation 95 concerning lateral collision protection and Regulation 34 concerning fire risk prevention, and continued to evaluate the effectiveness and track the progress of 15 other interventions.

Rajah 5: Gambar skrin animasi rekonstruksi kemalanganFigure 5: Screen shots of accident reconstruction animation

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3. KeSan terHaDaP MaSYaraKatWalau bagaimanapun, MIROS akan gagal sekiranya hasil kerja kami gagal memberi kesan terhadap keadaan sebenar keselamatan di jalan raya. Di samping hasil kajian, kesan hasil kajian itu haruslah dirasai oleh pihak-pihak yang terlibat dalam bidang keselamatan jalan raya. Bagi mencapainya, satu kategori khusus telah diadakan dalam KPI MIROS.

Unit Rekonstruksi Kemalangan (CRU) telah berjaya membantu menyelesaikan penyiasatan kemalangan dengan menyiasat 98 kemalangan dalam tahun 2010. Tiga kemalangan serius yang melibatkan bas pada sukuan terakhir tahun telah memberikan peluang untuk MIROS membuktikan kebolehan sebagai organisasi terulung dalam bidang rekonstruksi dan penyiasatan kemalangan di negara ini. (Rajah 5).

Di samping itu, MIROS sentiasa menjalankan tugas merangsang pihak-pihak yang berkaitan melalui kegiatan audit. Duabelas audit keselamatan jalan raya, dua audit penilaian kenderaan dan 16 audit amalan keselamatan, kesihatan dan persekitaran oleh pengusaha kenderaan komersial telah berjaya dijalankan pada tahun 2010. Walau bagaimanapun, kami di MIROS berpendapat bahawa walaupun usaha mengubah sikap dan tanggapan pengguna jalan raya itu adalah usaha yang mulia dan berkesan, usaha untuk mengubah pihak yang berkenaan dalam bidang keselamatan jalan raya adalah satu usaha yang jauh lebih berkesan dan mendatangkan kebaikan dengan lebih cepat.

Sebagai ‘penjaga’ bidang intervensi keselamatan jalan raya, MIROS telah memperkenalkan lebih banyak intervensi keselamatan jalan raya dalam tahun 2010, seperti Peraturan 94 berkenaan perlindungan bagi pertembungan berhadapan, Peraturan 95 berkenaan perlindungan terhadap pertembungan lateral dan Peraturan 34 berkenaan pencegahan terhadap risiko kebakaran yang telahpun digunapakai oleh Komisyen Ekonomi Eropah PBB (UNECE). Di samping itu, MIROS juga sedang menilai keberkesanan dan mengkaji 15 lagi program-program intervensi.

Enambelas penampilan, 12 liputan dan empat artikel di media adalah sebahagian daripada usaha pemasaran sosial secara terus yang telah dijalankan oleh MIROS pada tahun 2010. Sebuah projek “Love Life” yang

Sixteen media appearances, 12 media coverage, and four articles in the media was part of the direct social marketing exercise carried out by MIROS in 2010. A special “Love Life” project advocating a campaign to love your life through music and the arts were successfully launched with the partnership of PLUS and Johan Nawawi Sdn. Bhd. (Figure 6). The LOVE LIFE song and video were used as part of MIROS’s subtle

campaign to change the perception of the public towards the effects of road crashes on one’s livelihood, in addition to the usual campaign about saving lives.

Dissemination of knowledge is critical as the nation needs more players and champion in road safety. Serving its role in this dimension, MIROS had organised three short courses, nine workshops and had successfully organised the first road safety conference in Malaysia (ROSCON), which had attracted nearly 150 participants. (Figure 7). During ROSCON, which was held from 8 to 9 December 2010, MIROS was also able to organise four important workshops dedicated to the road safety players, namely the Social Marketing Workshop, Collision Deformation Classification (CDC) Workshop: Unlocking the Secrets of Real Vehicle Crashworthiness, An Introduction to Malaysian Guidelines for Traffic and Road Safety Assessment (MeTRA) and

Rajah 6: Di antara artis-artis yag terlibat dalam projek " Love Life" semasa majlis pelancaranFigure 6: Some of the artists involved in the "Love Life" project during the launcing ceremony

Rajah 7: Persidangan Keselamatan Jalan Raya (ROSCON)2010

Figure 7: MIROS Road Safety Conference (ROSCON) 2010

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mempromosikan rasa sayang terhadap nyawa di jalan raya melalui muzik dan bidang seni telah dijalankan dengan kerjasama pihak PLUS dan Johan Nawawi Sdn. Bhd. Lagu ‘Love Life’ (Rajah 6) telah digunakan sebagai sebahagian dari kempen MIROS untuk mengubah tanggapan masyarakat terhadap kesan kemalangan jalan raya kepada penghidupan seseorang pengguna jalan raya, di samping kempen melindungi nyawa di jalan raya yang biasa dijalankan.

Penyebaran maklumat dan ilmu adalah sangat penting kerana Malaysia memerlukan lebih ramai pihak untuk melibatkan diri dalam bidang keselamatan jalan raya. MIROS telah memulakan tanggungjawab kami dari segi ini dengan menganjurkan tiga kursus pendek, sembilan bengkel dan satu persidangan keselamatan jalan raya yang pertama seumpamanya di Malaysia, iaitu ROSCON yang telah dihadiri sejumlah 150 orang peserta.

(Rajah 7). Sepanjang persidangan ini dijalankan pada 8 dan 9 Disember 2010, MIROS telah berjaya mengadakan empat bengkel penting bagi pihak yang berkaitan dalam bidang keselamatan jalan raya iaitu bengkel pemasaran sosial; bengkel ‘Collision Deformation Classification (CDC): Unlocking the Secrets of Real Vehicle Crashworthiness’; pengenalan terhadap Garis Panduan Penilaian Keselamatan Jalan Raya Malaysia (MeTRA); dan bengkel ‘Malaysia at a Crossroad: The Needs of Malaysian New Car Assessment Programme (NCAP)’.

Hasil yang dijanakan MIROS sepanjang tahun 2010 juga bertindak sebagai aktiviti penjenamaan, dan hasilnya MIROS bukan sahaja lebih dikenali, malahan diakui sebagai salah satu organisasi bidang keselamatan jalan raya yang penting tempatan dan juga di peringkat antarabangsa.

4. HUBUngan Dan Jaringan antaraBangSaUsaha mewujudkan hubungan di peringkat antarabangsa bagi mewujudkan jaringan kerjasama juga adalah penting bagi membantu MIROS mencapai objektif sebagai organisasi penyelidikan keselamatan jalan raya terulung di dunia. Di samping menandatangani memorandum persefahaman (MOU), kakitangan MIROS juga terlibat dalam jawatankuasa-jawatankuasa penting di peringkat tempatan dan antarabangsa.

Malaysia at a Crossroad: The Needs of Malaysian New Car Assessment Programme (NCAP).

The impact MIROS had given for the year 2010 had also served as a branding exercise, and as a result, MIROS is now not only more widely known, but is also acknowledged locally and internationally as an important player for road safety.

4. LinKageS anD netWorKingEstablishing linkages towards a strong collaborative network is also essential to help MIROS realise its vision “to emerge as a world leader in road safety research”. In addition to formal memorandum of understanding (MOU), MIROS staff were also involved in important technical committees at both local and international levels.

In 2010, locally, MIROS signed MOUs with Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) and Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) in addition to establishing contact with Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris (UPSI), Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS) and Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM). MIROS also established projects with USM, UPM, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), the Malaysian branch of the Monash University Accident Research Centre (MUARC) and the Clinical Research Centre (CRC) of the Ministry of Health.

Internationally, MIROS also signed an MOU with the Japanese Automotive Research Institute (JARI) to collaborate in the areas of crash testing, proving ground development and general road safety issues. MIROS also continued to establish working relationship with Centre of Accident Research Centre (CASR) of University of Adelaide, Australia, Centre for Accident Research and Road Safety (CARRS-Q) of Queensland University of Technology, Australia), University of Birmingham, Lund University in Sweden, Hiroshima University and INRETS.

At the same time, in the international scene, MIROS continued to establish working relationship by being committee members and

“MIROS telah memantau tahap pemakaian sebelum pengenalan

undang-undang tersebut, dan akan terus memantau

tahap pematuhan pemakaian setelah

undang-undang diperkenalkan.”

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Rajah 8: Ilustrasi kompleks MIROSFigure 8: Artist impression of MIROS Complex

Sepanjang tahun 2010, MIROS telah menandatangani MOU peringkat tempatan dengan Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) dan Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) di samping memulakan hubungan dengan Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris (UPSI), Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS) dan Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM). Di samping itu, MIROS juga telah memulakan projek-projek dengan USM, UPM, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Pusat Kajian Kemalangan Universiti Monash (MUARC) cawangan Malaysia; dan Pusat Kajian Klinikal (CRC) Kementerian Kesihatan.

Di peringkat antarabangsa pula, MIROS telah menandatangani MOU dengan Institut Penyelidikan Automotif Jepun (JARI) untuk bekerjasama dalam bidang ujian perlanggaran, pembangunan lapangan ujian dan juga dalam isu-isu keselamatan jalan raya. MIROS juga telah menyambung kerjasama dengan Pusat Kajian Kemalangan Universiti Adelaide, Australia, Pusat Kajian Kemalangan dan Keselamatan Jalan Raya Universiti Teknologi Queensland, Australia (CARRS-Q), Universiti Birmingham, Universiti Lund di Sweden, Universiti Hiroshima dan juga INRETS.

Pada masa yang sama, MIROS juga menjadi ahli jawatankuasa Persatuan Jalan Raya Sedunia (PIARC), Persatuan Sains Pengangkutan Asia Timur (EASTS), Persatuan Kesihatan Sedunia (WHO), Program Penilaian Jalan Raya Antarabangsa (iRAP), Perkongsian Keselamatan Jalan Raya Global (GRSP), Jaringan Penyelidikan Kecederaan Jalan Raya (RTIRN); dan Jawatankuasa Teknikal Sistem Pengurusan Keselamatan Jalan Raya bagi Organisasi Pengstandardan Antarabangsa (ISO).

5. PeMBangUnan SUMBer ManUSiaMIROS mengambil berat sumber manusia kami yang juga merupakan aset terbesar. Usaha pembangunan kapasiti kakitangan MIROS merupakan agenda berkepentingan tinggi, dan tahun 2010 menyaksikan MIROS membuat pelaburan besar dalam kegiatan-kegiatan pembangunan kapasiti. Antara penanda pencapaian terpenting MIROS adalah penubuhan program cuti belajar MIROS, di mana enam warga kerja telah dipilih untuk menyambung pengajian mereka di institut-institut pengajian tersohor tempatan dan antarabangsa. Dari segi latihan dan program pendedahan, kesemua 192 orang warga MIROS telah berjaya memenuhi polisi tujuh hari jumlah latihan tahunan yang ditetapkan kerajaan, 24 penyertaan di persidangan antarabangsa dan 104 penyertaan di persidangan tempatan.

partners for the World Road Association (PIARC), The East Asia Society for Transportation Science (EASTS), World Health Association (WHO), International Road Assessment Programme (iRAP), Global Road Safety Partnership (GRSP), Road Traffic Injury Research Network (RTIRN), International Standardization Organization (ISO) Technical Committee for Road Traffic Safety Management System.

5. HUMan CaPitaL DeVeLoPMentMIROS regards its human resource as its most valuable asset. Capacity building amongst staff is regarded as a high priority agenda, and the year 2010 saw MIROS investing substantially into capacity building activities. An important milestone achieved was the establishment of MIROS study leave programme, in which six staff members were selected to pursue their respective post-graduate studies in both local and international reputable institutions. In terms of training and exposure, all 192 staff members of MIROS were able to satisfactorily complete the seven-day government annual training requirement, 24 participation by MIROS researchers in international conferences, and 104 participations in national conferences.

6. ManageMent SYSteMS, DeVeLoPMent oF MiroS anD SUStainaBiLitY oF MiroS

These three performance indicators are also important as they play the role of supporting and reinforcing the impact and sustainability of the organisation. MIROS prides in its functional and effective management system despite its dire shortage of staff. Both the Administration and Financial Division (ADFI) and the Publications and Knowledge Management Division (PKM) are able to withstand their human capital problem and have consistently performed remarkably well. MIROS also wishes to provide the best facilities and working environment for its staff. However, as at the moment we are housed in a rental facility; our ability to fulfill this has been somewhat restricted. Nevertheless, in 2010, the need to have more space has required MIROS to expand their operating space from five units (of four floors) to three additional units. MIROS has also conceptualized its own complex to be known as MIROPLEX as the permanent ground for MIROS (Figure 8).

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6. SiSteM PengUrUSan, PeMBangUnan Dan KeMaMPanan MiroSKetiga-tiga penunjuk prestasi ini adalah turut penting disebabkan ia menyokong dan mengukuhkan keberkesanan dan kemampanan pihak pengurusan MIROS yang bangga dengan keberkesanan pengurusan sistem pengurusan walaupun menghadapi kekangan dari segi jumlah kakitangan yang belum mencukupi. Kedua-dua Bahagian Pentadbiran dan Kewangan (ADFI); dan Bahagian Penerbitan dan Pengurusan Ilmu (PKM) setakat ini

The development of the MIROS Provisional Car Crash Centre (PC3) went through its processes in 2010 and we hope it will be fully operational in 2011. PC3 is very critical to help MIROS build its capacity for the crash test to help with vehicle safety in the country.

Throughout its four years of existence, MIROS has quickly built its capacity to be a global player in road safety. This has not been achievable without the hard work and the strategic positioning of important milestones for MIROS. Three important milestones may be described as follows (refer Figure 9):

The first milestone after the establishment of MIROS was the introduction of interventions that were critical for road safety in the country. Whilst the intention was to improve the road safety situation, these elements of the first milestone had also served as a quick win for MIROS, in order to quickly establish impact after its establishment in 2007.

Road safety interventions will only be useful if they are being satisfactorily implemented to give us the intended outcomes. Otherwise, it is a futile effort. As MIROS was monitoring the

Rajah 8: Ilustrasi kompleks MIROSFigure 8: Artist impression of MIROS Complex

Rajah 9: Tiga petunjuk prestasi penting bagi MIROSFigure 9: MIROS' three important milestones

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berupaya berfungsi dengan cekap. Pengurusan MIROS juga bercadang untuk memberikan kemudahan dan persekitaran kerja yang terbaik bagi warga kerja, namun disebabkan pada masa ini kami ditempatkan di sebuah premis yang disewa, cadangan ini belum dapat dipenuhi sebaik mungkin. Walau bagaimanapun, pada tahun 2010, keperluan untuk lebih banyak ruang pejabat telah membuat MIROS menambah ruang operasi dari lima unit ruang pejabat (empat tingkat) kepada lapan unit. MIROS juga telah mengilhamkan kompleks operasi kami yang dikenali sebagai MIROPLEX yang akan menjadi ruang operasi kekal di masa hadapan (Rajah 8).

Pembangunan Pusat Ujian Awalan Perlanggaran MIROS (PC3) telah dimulakan dalam tahun 2010 dan diharapkan ianya dapat beroperasi secara sepenuhnya pada 2011. PC3 adalah sangat penting dalam membangunkan kebolehan MIROS dalam mengkaji keselamatan kenderaan-kenderaan di negara ini dengan menjalankan ujian-ujian perlanggaran.

Dari awal penubuhannya empat tahun terdahulu, MIROS telah membangunkan kebolehan sebagai ahli bidang keselamatan jalan raya global. Ini tidak dapat dijalankan tanpa penetapan secara berstrategi titik pencapaian penting untuk MIROS. Tiga pencapaian ini adalah (rujuk Rajah 9): Pencapaian pertama sejak penubuhan MIROS adalah pengenalan program-program intervensi yang penting terhadap keselamatan jalan raya di negara ini. Di samping bertujuan meningkatkan situasi keselamatan di jalan raya di negara ini, ia juga bertujuan memberi tapak secara pantas bagi MIROS memberi kesan selepas penubuhannya.

Program intervensi jalan raya hanya akan memberikan kesan jika ianya dijalankan dengan betul bagi mendapatkan hasil yang tepat. Dari pemerhatian MIROS terhadap keberkesanan dan pelaksanaan program-program ini, didapati bahawa hasilnya tidak memberangsangkan. Kemajuan yang diharapkan tidak terhasil dan MIROS telah hilang kawalan, gagal mendapatkan hasil yang dikehendaki, dan tidak menepati sasaran keselamatan jalan raya.

Pada tahun 2009, MIROS telah menjalankan kegiatan penyelesaian masalah untuk mengenalpasti kekangan-kekangan yang dihadapi program-program intervensi ini. Kegiatan ini dianggap sebagai

implementation and the effectiveness of the interventions, signals coming out from our studies were not encouraging. The progress of interventions were not as we wished and we were witnessing that we were losing control and needless to state, that we were not achieving our intended outcomes, which have caused us to miss our road safety targets significantly.

In 2009, MIROS carried out a “closing of the loop” analysis to identify the reasons behind the problems faced by all the interventions. This exercise has been regarded as our second milestone, as not only it has given us clues to the various reasons that have stalled progress, thus serving the country a painful lesson to learn from, but it has also allowed us to re-strategise the deployment method in order for it to start giving us the intended results. We asked the following questions.

• Why aren’t all the interventions up and implemented?• What are the obstacles for implementation?• These are all decisions,but why can’t they beimplemented?• Some implemented interventions are not producing the

intended outcomes. Why?• Can we do these better?• What do we need to do?

The year 2010 witnessed the achievement of our third milestone, both in establishing the reputation and capability of MIROS, as well as to make the difference to the road safety outlook. We termed this milestone “leading change”. While some of the activities have started before the year 2010, their impact was mostly felt this year.

1. Crash reconstruction and in-depth investigation2. Crash testing and crash test facilities3. Malaysian Vehicle Assessment Programme (MyVAP)4. Malaysian Road Accident Database System (MROADS)5. Road Traffic Injury Prevention Study (RTRIPS)6. Malaysian Guideline for Traffic and Road Safety Assessment

(MeTRA)7. Centre for Excellence (COE) for the International Road

Assessment Programme (iRAP)8. Road Safety Audit work

The year 2010 also marked the end of the period of the Malaysian Road Safety Plan for 2006–2010. As a research institute, MIROS has

16


pencapaian kedua kami kerana ianya juga dapat mencari jalan penyelesaian alternatif supaya program-program intervensi ini mendapat keputusan yang dikehendaki. Soalan yang dikemukakan adalah:• Kenapa tidak kesemua program intervensi dapat dilaksanakan?• Apakah kekangan yang dihadapi?• Kenapa keputusan yang dibuat, tidak dilaksanakan?• Mengapa ada program intervensi yang dapat dimulakan, tidak mencapai hasil yang dijangka?• Bolehkah ianya diperbaiki?• Apa yang perlu dilakukan?

Tahun 2010 menyaksikan pencapaian ketiga MIROS, baik dari segi membuktikan reputasi dan kebolehan, dan juga dari segi memberi perubahan kepada keselamatan di jalan raya. Kami menggelar fasa ini sebagai memulakan perubahan, dan walaupun kebanyakan aktiviti ini telah dimulakan dalam tahun-tahun sebelumnya, kesannya hanya mula dirasai dalam tahun 2010. Antara aktiviti tersebut adalah seperti berikut.

1. Rekonstruksi dan penyiasatan kemalangan lebih mendalam2. Ujian perlanggaran dan kemudahan ujian perlanggaran3. Program Penilaian Kenderaan Malaysia (MyVAP)4. Sistem Pangkalan Data Kemalangan Jalan Raya Malaysia (MROADS)5. Kajian Pencegahan Kecederaan Kemalangan Jalan Raya Malaysia

(RTRIPS)6. Buku Panduan Penilaian Keselamatan Jalan Raya MIROS (MeTRA)7. Pusat Kecemerlangan Program Penilaian Jalan Raya Antarabangsa

(iRAP)8. Kerja-Kerja Audit Keselamatan Jalan Raya

Tahun 2010 juga menandakan berakhirnya tempoh Rancangan Keselamatan Jalan Raya 2006–2010. Sebagai sebuah institut MIROS telah memerhatikan dan menilai perkembangan rancangan ini. Sebagai persediaan bagi rancangan seterusnya, MIROS telah turut membantu kerajaan mengenalpasti kebaikan dan kelemahan rancangan-rancangan terdahulu supaya rancangan di masa hadapan dapat dilakukan dengan lebih berkesan.

been monitoring and evaluating the progress of the plan. In preparation for the next road safety plan, MIROS has helped the government to identify both strengths and shortcomings of the past road safety plan, in order to plan better for the next decade.

The United Nations has proclaimed that this decade, beginning with 2011 to 2020 will be designated as the “decade of action for road safety”, and all nations need to come up with strategies that would help the world to meet the target of reducing all road safety indicators to half of what it is now by the year 2020. MIROS will be able to guide the nation to help achieve this target as it has carried out the analysis for the previous road safety plan.

MIROS believes that the overall approach towards road safety strategies ought to change from the “intervention-based” approach to an “outcome-based” approach. In order to facilitate this new approach, MIROS has begun to introduce key performance indicators (KPI) for road safety.

The challenge for the next decade will include the ability to get all players and stakeholders involved with the common goal of reducing the sufferings due to road crashes. MIROS is keen to help change the overall perception to be as follows: “Road safety is our problem; this is our plan, we need to take action, and let us achieve the intended outcomes together”.

In summary, the story line for MIROS is rather simple as it can be illustrated through Figure 10.

It is my duty as the Director General to ensure that MIROS continue to serve this mission.

I would like to take this opportunity to acknowledge all who have contributed to the performance of MIROS. We seek ALLAH’s help and blessing to continue bestow MIROS the strength and resolve to champion road safety with friends both within and outside this most beloved country of ours.

“LOVE LIFE: Prevent sufferings due to road crashes”

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PBB telah melancarkan dekad 2011–2020 sebagai dekad ‘kegiatan keselamatan jalan raya’ dan semua negara diminta merancang strategi untuk mengurangkan statistik kemalangan jalan raya dunia kepada separuh sebelum tahun 2020. MIROS telah bersedia untuk rancangan ini terlebih dahulu kerana kami telahpun menjalankan analisa terhadap rancangan-rancangan keselamatan jalan raya terdahulu.

MIROS percaya bahawa pendekatan yang diambil hendaklah diubah dari pendekatan yang bertumpukan program intervensi kepada pendekatan yang bertumpukan hasil. Untuk tujuan ini, MIROS telah mula menghasilkan KPI untuk bidang keselamatan jalan raya.

Antara cabaran yang bakal dihadapi dalam dekad seterusnya adalah mendapatkan semua pihak yang terlibat dalam bidang keselamatan jalan raya untuk bekerjasama dalam menghadkan kesan buruk yang disebabkan oleh kemalangan jalan raya. Jika dapat disimpulkan, MIROS ingin mengubah tanggapan kami kepada “keselamatan jalan raya adalah masalah kita; ini adalah perancangan kita, kita perlu bertindak, dan mari kita capai hasil yang diingini bersama-sama.”

Kesimpulan mengenai MIROS, tanggungjawab dan perancangan kami dapat digambarkan dalam Rajah 10. Adalah tanggungjawab saya sebagai Ketua Pengarah bagi memastikan MIROS memenuhi matlamatnya.

Saya ingin mengambil kesempatan ini untuk memberi penghargaan terhadap semua yang menyumbang kepada prestasi MIROS. Saya memohon bantuan dan pertolongan Allah supaya sentiasa memudahkan perjalanan seharian MIROS dalam menjadi pelopor bidang keselamatan jalan raya, dengan bantuan rakan-rakan dari dalam dan luar negara.

“CINTAILAH KEHIDUPAN: Elakkan kesengsaraan kemalangan jalan raya”

PROPELLING THE WELLNESS OF THE NATION’S FUTURE

Productive and well-balanced team members of MIROS to produce quality and impactful results

Successful development of interventions to provide the intended outcomes for road safety

Quality and impactful research work at MIROS, surfacing e�ective interventions with promising outcomes

Malaysia to be free from road safety problems and to ensure a free from su�ering community in the future

Rajah 10: Perancangan MIROSFigure 10: Plans for MIROS

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LEMBAGA PENGARAH BOARD OF DIRECTORSPENGURUSAN MANAGEMENTKETUA UNIT HEADS OF UNITCARTA ORGANISASI ORGANISATION CHART

Y.Bhg. Prof. Dato’ Dr. Hj. Abu Hassan Asaari bin AbdullahSenior Consultant Traumatologist Pakar Perunding Traumatologi

Ketua Jabatan Kecemasan, Hospital Kuala LumpurHead, Emergency Department, Kuala Lumpur Hospital

Y.Bhg. Dato’ Hj. Solah bin Mat Hassan Director General Ketua Pengarah

Jabatan Pengangkutan Jalan MalaysiaMalaysian Road Transport Department

Y.Bhg. Prof. Dato’ Ir. Dr. Radin Umar bin Radin SohadiDirector General Ketua Pengarah

Jabatan Pengajian Tinggi Kementerian Pengajian Tinggi MalaysiaHigher Education Department Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia

Encik Razali bin Othman (Setiausaha)Ketua Bahagian Pentadbiran dan KewanganInstitut Penyelidikan Keselamatan Jalan Raya MalaysiaAdminstration and Finance Head DivisionMalaysian Institute of Road Safety Research

LEMBAGA PENGARAH BOARD OF DIRECTORS

Y.Bhg. Prof. Dr. Ahmad Farhan bin Mohd. Sadullah Ketua Pengarah Director GeneralInstitut Penyelidikan Keselamatan Jalan Raya MalaysiaMalaysian Institute of Road Safety Research

Y.Bhg. Datuk Suret SinghKetua Pengarah Director GeneralJabatan Keselamatan Jalan Raya Malaysia Malaysian Road Safety Department

Y.Bhg. Dato’ Long See WoolKetua Setiausaha Secretary GeneralKementerian Pengangkutan MalaysiaMinistry of Transport

Y.Bhg. Datuk Hj. Shuib bin Md. YusopSetiausaha SecretaryBahagian Pinjaman Perumahan Perbendaharaan MalaysiaHousing Loan Division, Malaysian Treasury

YDH SAC II Dato’ Abd. Aziz bin YusofKetua Trafik Pasukan Ibu Pejabat Polis Diraja MalaysiaSenior Assistant Commissioner Police Royal Malaysian Police Headquarters

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Y.Bhg. Prof. Dr. Ahmad Farhan bin Mohd. Sadullah Ketua Pengarah

Institut Penyelidikan Keselamatan Jalan Raya MalaysiaDirector General

Malaysian Institute of Road Safety Research

PENGURUSAN MANAGEMENT

Prof. Madya Dr. Wong Shaw VoonPengarah

Pusat Penyelidikan Biomekanik dan Keselamatan KenderaanDirector

Vehicle Safety and Biomechanics Research Centre

Prof. Madya Dr. Mohd Faudzi bin Mohd YusoffPengarah

Pusat Penyelidikan Perubahan Tingkah Laku Pengguna Jalan RayaDirector

Road User Behavioural Change Research Centre

Jamilah binti Mohd MarjanPengarah

Pusat Penyelidikan Kejuruteraan Keselamatan Jalan Raya dan Persekitaran

DirectorRoad Safety Engineering and Environment Research Centre

Razali bin OthmanKetua

Bahagian Pentadbiran dan KewanganHead

Adminstration and Finance Division

Nor Azman NordinKetua

Bahagian Penerbitan dan Pengurusan IlmuHead

Publications and Knowledge Management Division

21

KETUA UNIT HEADS OF UNIT

Karen Judith GoontingUnit Faktor Kemanusiaan dan Kos Kemalangan Human Factor and Accident Costing Unit

Muammar Quadaffi Mohd AriffinUnit Rekabentuk dan Instrumentasi Design and Instrumentation Unit

Ir Mohamad Marizwan Abd MananUnit Perancangan Pengangkutan dan Kejuruteraan Trafik Transport Planning and Traffic Engineering Unit

Sharifah Allyana Syed Mohamed RahimUnit Sistem Pangkalan Data Kemalangan dan Analisis Accident Database and Analysis Unit

Mohd Yusoff Abd GhaniUnit Pemasaran Sosial dan Pendidikan Social Marketing and Education Unit

Karim Abd HadiUnit Kawalan Pendedahan dan Kajian Perjalanan Exposure Control and Travel Survey Unit

Zurianti ZamrudUnit Pentadbiran Administration Unit

Dr Norlen MohamedUnit Penyelidikan Pra dan Pasca KecederaanPre and Post Injury Research Unit

Sharum HashimUnit Kewangan Finance Unit

Khairil Anwar Abu KassimUnit Kejuruteraan Keselamatan Perlanggaran Crash Safety Engineering Unit

Salina MustaffaUnit Penerbitan Publications Unit

Iskandar Abdul HamidUnit Rekonstruksi Perlanggaran Crash Reconstruction Unit

Mohd Zakry OmarUnit Teknologi Maklumat dan Multimedia Information Technology and Multimedia Unit

Ir Mohd Rasid OsmanUnit Kualiti, Keselamatan, Kesihatan dan Persekitaran Quality, Safety, Health and Environment Unit

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Menteri Pengangkutan

Lembaga Pengarah

Ketua Pengarah

Kualiti & Akreditasi

Unit Kualiti, Keselamatan, Kesihatan & Alam SekitarKeselamatan, Kesihatan & Alam Sekitar

Unit Rekonstruksi Perlanggaran

Bahagian Penerbitan & Pengurusan Ilmu

Unit Audit Dalaman

Perolehan & KontrakBelanjawan & KewanganUnit Kewangan

Perkhidmatan & PembangunanPengurusan Sumber ManusiaUnit Pentadbiran

Penilaian Dalam PerkhidmatanLatihan & Kemahiran Profesional

Unit Latihan & Pembangunan Kapasiti

Bahagian Pentadbiran & Kewangan

VKT & Kajian PerjalananMakmal Kawalan Pendedahan

Unit Kawalan Pendedahan & Kajian Perjalanan

Makmal Perancangan Keselamatan & Mobiliti

Kejuruteraan Keselamatan Lebuh Raya & Trafik

Unit Perancangan Pengangkutan & Kejuruteraan Keselamatan Trafik

Sistem Pangkalan Data Kemalangan & Analisis

Unit Sistem Pangkalan Data Kemalangan & Analisis

Unit Perpustakaan

Unit Penerbitan

Unit Teknologi Maklumat & Multimedia

Rekonstruksi Kemalangan

ErgonomikKenderaan BerinstrumenSimulator Pemanduan

Makmal Keselamatan Perlanggaran

Makmal Simulasi & Reka Bentuk CAD

Litar Ujian Lapangan

Bengkel Teknikal

Unit Kejuruteraan Keselamatan Perlanggaran

Epidemiologi Kecederaan & Kesihatan Jasmani

Penyelidikan Pasca Kecederaan & Rawatan Trauma

Unit Penyelidikan Pra & Pasca Kecederaan

Pusat Penyelidikan Kejuruteraan Keselamatan Jalan Raya & Persekitaran

Unit Reka Bentuk & Instrumentasi

Faktor Kemanusiaan & Psikologi

Kos Kemalangan/ Sosiologi Pengangkutan

Unit Faktor Kemanusiaan & Kos Kemalangan

Kempen Pendidikan Dewasa & Penguatkuasaan

Pendidikan Awal Kanak-kanak – Pendidikan Keselamatan Jalan Raya

Unit Pemasaran Sosial &Pendidikan

Pusat Penyelidikan Perubahan Tingkah Laku Pengguna Jalan Raya

Pusat Penyelidikan Biomekanik & Keselamatan Kenderaan

Ketua Setiausaha Kementerian

CARTA ORGANISASI ORGANISATION CHART

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Impak kepada Masyarakat Impact to Society

PetUnJUK inDiCatorS

PeranCangan aSPireD

PenCaPaian aCHieVeD

Siasatan kemalangan Crash investigations 50 98

Audit keselamatan jalan raya Road safety audits 5 12

Audit MyVAP MyVAP audits 0 2

Audit SHE COP SHE COP audits 0 16

Permulaan dasar dan intervensi Initiation of policies and interventions 2 2

Penilaian keberkesanan intervensi Evaluation of intervention effectiveness 5 15

Penampilan media Media appearance 6 16

Liputan media Media coverage 12 12

Artikel dihasilkan dalam media Articles produced in media 6 4

Pengendalian kursus pendek Short course organisation 1 3

Pengendalian bengkel Workshop organisation 2 9

Pengendalian persidangan Conference organisation 0 1

Aktiviti Penyelidikan Research Activities

PetUnJUK inDiCatorS

PeranCangan aSPireD

PenCaPaian aCHieVeD

Bilangan projek dalaman dimulakan Number of projects initiated internally 20 39

Bilangan projek dimulakan dengan rakan dari luar Number of projects initiated with an external partner 1 setiap pusat per centre ;1 berpusat centrally

11

Peratus penyelidik mengetuai geran Percentage of researchers leading a grant 50% 75.4%

Peratus penyelidik terlibat dengan geran Percentage of researchers involved in a grant 90% 89%

Peratus penyelidik terlibat dalam lebih dari satu geran Percentage of researchers involved in more than one grant 40% 81.5%

Bilangan kluster penyelidikan diterajui Number of research clusters led 5 6

Bilangan projek dimulakan untuk setiap kluster Number of projects initiated for each cluster 1 2

Bilangan projek diperolehi dari pihak luar Number of projects commissioned by external parties 2 7

PENCAPAIAN KPI 2010 2010 KPI ACHIEVEMENT

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Pembangunan Modal Insan Human Capital Development

PetUnJUK inDiCatorS PenCaPaian aCHieVeMentS

Peratus jawatan diisiPercentage of posts filled

Jawatan tetap Permanent posts: 94%Jawatan kontrak Contract posts: 95%

Bilangan kakitangan mendapat latihan antarabangsaPercentage of staff getting international training

15 kakitangan menghadiri 6 kursus peringkat antarabangsa15 staff attended 6 international courses

Peratus kakitangan memenuhi latihan wajib 7 hariPercentage of staff completing compulsory 7 days training

100%

Bilangan sesi “Wacana” di MIROSNumber of “intellectual discourse” sessions in MIROS

25 (19 Wacana Ilmu, 6 syarahan talks)

Bilangan kakitangan menyambung pelajaranNumber of staff able to continue studies

6 diberikan granted1 dalam pengajian in session2 memulakan pengajian pada starting in 20112 sedang mencari tempat pengajian Seeking placement

Bilangan kakitangan menghadiri persidangan antarabangsaNumber of staff attending international conference

24 kakitangan menghadiri 16 persidangan antarabangsa sebagai peserta/pembentang24 staff attended 16 international conferences as participants/presenters

Bilangan kakitangan menghadiri persidangan kebangsaanNumber of staff attending national conference

104 kakitangan menghadiri 37 persidangan kebangsaan sebagai peserta/pembentang104 staff attended 37 national conferences as participants/presenters

Hasil Penyelidikan Research Output

PetUnJUKinDiCatorS

PeranCangan aSPireD

PenCaPaian aCHieVeD

Penerbitan dalaman (MRR, MIR, MER, MRev, MCP) Internal publications (MRR, MIR, MER, MRev, MCP) 10 18

Prosiding persidangan Conference proceedings 15 58

Persidangan dalam negara Local conference 10 14

Persidangan antarabangsa International conference 5 44

Artikel jurnal Journal papers 4 11

Jurnal tempatan Local journals 3 4

Jurnal antarabangsa International journals 1 7

Bab dalam buku Chapters in a book 0 2

Harta intelek dihasilkan Intellectual property produced 1 7

Produk/teknologi dihasilkan Products/technology produced 1 2

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Sistem Pengurusan Management Systems


Sistem pengurusan penyelidikanResearch management system

Penubuhan Pejabat Pengurusan Penyelidikan MIROSEstablishment of MIROS Research Management Office

Sistem pengurusan kewanganFinancial management system

Sistem perakaunan yang baru (SAGA) digunapakai sejak Jun 2010A new accounting system (SAGA) in place since June 2010Laporan kewangan penyelidikan setiap suku tahun (4 laporan untuk 2010)Quarterly research financial report (planned 4 reports for 2010)

Sistem keselamatan IT IT security system Menaiktaraf bilik pelayan dengan sistem CCTV, sistem penggera api/asap, dan sistem pemadam api.Upgrading of server room with CCTV, fire/smoke detection system and fire suppression systemPerolehan dan penggantian peralatan komputer secara sewaanAcquisition and replacement of current rental PCs

Sistem jaringan IT IT networking system 97% berfungsi up time

Pengurusan infrastruktur dan kemudahan Infrastructure and facilities management

90% pemeriksaan dijalankan setiap suku tahun 90% inspection done at a quarterly basis

Pengurusan infrastruktur dan kemudahan Human resource management system

HRMIS digunapakai oleh 100% bagi modul kakitangan dan modul waran kakitanganHRMIS is in place and 100% used for both personnel module and warrant personnel moduleSub-modul perisytiharan harta Sub-module property declaration: 43%Sub-modul rekod peribadi Sub-module personal records: 99%

PetUnJUK inDiCatorS

PERANCANGANaSPireD

PENCAPAIANaCHieVeD

Perjanjian persefahaman dengan institusi tempatan MOUs established with local institutions 3 2

Perjanjian persefahaman dengan institusi luar negara MOUs established with foreign institutions 1 1

Keahlian dalam jawatankuasa antarabangsa Participation in international committees 5 10

Keahlian dalam jawatankuasa kebangsaan Participation in national committees 5 20

Lawatan ke luar negara International visits 5 11

Lawatan dalam negara Local visits 5 83

Lawatan dari delegasi luar negara Visits received by international guests 5 5

Lawatan dari delegasi tempatan Visits received by national guests 10 11

Kakitangan MIROS dipinjamkan ke organisasi lain MIROS staff attached at other organisations 2 0

Kakitangan pinjaman di MIROS Staff attached at MIROS 1 8

Jaringan dan Hubungan Linkages and Networking

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Pembangunan MIROS Development of MIROS


Penyewaan dan kerja-kerja untuk blok baruRental and works on new blocks

Penyewaan bermula 1 November 2009 Rental started 1 November 200970% kerja-kerja pengubahsuaian blok baru siap Work on new blocks 70% completed

Kerja rekabentuk untuk kompleks baru Design works on new complex

Dipengerusikan oleh Chaired by Ir. Muhammad Marizwan Manan

Pembangunan makmal perlanggaranDevelopment of crash lab

40% • First motorcycle crash December 2009• First outdoor car crash February 2010• Official launching April – June 2010 *CRASE

Kelestarian MiroS Sustainability of MIROS


Bilangan mesyuarat MBJ MBJ meetings held 4 (4 dirancang planned)

Bilangan mesyuarat lembaga pengarah Board meetings held 3 (4 dirancang planned)

Bilangan mesyuarat pengurusan Management meetings held 11 (12 dirancang planned)

Bilangan mesyuarat dengan Ketua Unit Meetings with unit heads held 1

Aktiviti oleh Kelab MIROS Activities by MIROS Club 11

Aktiviti oleh i-MIROS (MIROS Hadhari) Activities by i-MIROS (MIROS Hadhari) 15

Penggunaan utiliti Utility used

Penjimatan utiliti sehingga December 2010 Utilities savings (until Desember 2010):Air Water: 32%Telefon Telephone: 18% Elektrik Electricity: Peningkatan Increased 3.7%

Penggunaan kertas Paper utilisation reduced Pengurangan 15%

Akta MIROS MIROS Act

Dalam peringkat penelitian deraf Draft currently being serutinised

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SANJUNG SUJANA MIROS 2010ANUGERAH PENCAPAIAN CEMERLANG 2010 (APC 2010) EXEMPLARY ACHIEVEMENT AWARD 2010 (APC 2010)

ANUGERAH PENCAPAIAN CEMERLANG 2010 (APC 2010) EXEMPLARY ACHIEVEMENT AWARD 2010 (APC 2010)

ANUgERAH PENCAPAIAN CEMERLANg (APC)MIROS sentiasa memastikan kualiti dan kecemerlangan seluruh kakitangannya diberi pengiktirafan sewajarnya. Antara jenis pengiktirafan yang telah diperkenalkan sejak tahun 2008 adalah Anugerah Perkhidmatan Cemerlang (APC), Anugerah Ketua Pengarah (AKP) dan Anugerah Penyelidikan. Pengiktirafan ini adalah sebagai pemangkin semangat keseluruhan kakitangan MIROS untuk meningkatkan produktiviti dan kualiti kerja pada masa hadapan. Anugerah Perkhidmatan Cemerlang (APC) adalah untuk kakitangan (berstatus tetap dan kontrak) yang mendapat tahap prestasi cemerlang iaitu LNPT 85% dan ke atas yang dalam perkhidmatan sehingga 31 Disember tahun penilaian dan sekurang-kurangnya genap 1 tahun tempoh perkhidmatan.

SENARAI PEMENANg ANUgERAH PENCAPAIAN CEMERLANg (APC)KUMPULan PengUrUSan Dan ProFeSionaL1. Mohd Huzaifah Muntalip2. Nor Azman Nordin3. Noradrenalina Isah4. Norfaizah Mohamad Khaidir5. Saiful Nizam Mohd Nor6. Sharifah Allyana Syed Mohamed Rahim7. Zulhaidi Mohd Jawi @ Said

KUMPULan SoKongan1. Ahmad Fakarudin Razali2. Ahmad Sharil Mohd Yusof3. Mohd Noor Rashid Mohd Said4. Muhammad Ridzuan Md Abd Basah5. Noor Aen Mohd Jalaludin6. Wan Mohd Rizaluddin Wan Ahmad

ANUgERAH KETUA PENgARAH (AKP)Anugerah Ketua Pengarah (AKP) adalah kumpulan kedua kakitangan yang mendapat prestasi cemerlang dalam LNPT dalam tahun semasa, tidak

EXEMPLARY ACHIEVEMENT AWARD (APC)MIROS always ensures that the best of its staff members are accorded fitting recognition. The performance awards that have been introduced since 2008 are the Exemplary Achievement Award (APC), the Director General Award (AKP) and finally the Researchers’ Award. The conferring of these awards is done annually in order to motivate the MIROS staff to increase their work output productivity and quality.

Only permanent and contract staff-members who have served MIROS for at least one year and are still serving MIROS until the 31st of December of every assessment year are eligible for nomination for the APC. And the award is conferred on those who scored 85% and above for their LNPT.

exeMPLarY aCHieVeMent aWarD reCiPientSManageMent anD ProFeSSionaL groUP1. Mohd Huzaifah Muntalip2. Nor Azman Nordin3. Noradrenalina Isah4. Norfaizah Mohamad Khaidir5. Saiful Nizam Mohd Nor6. Sharifah Allyana Syed Mohamed Rahim7. Zulhaidi Mohd Jawi @ Said

SUPPort groUP1. Ahmad Fakarudin Razali2. Ahmad Sharil Mohd Yusof3. Mohd Noor Rashid Mohd Said4. Muhammad Ridzuan Md Abd Basah5. Noor Aen Mohd Jalaludin6. Wan Mohd Rizaluddin Wan Ahmad

DIRECTOR gENERAL AWARD (AKP)AKP is awarded to a second group of staff who achieve 85% for their LNPT, but are ineligible for the APC and the Researchers’ Award or other awards that are deemed suitable by the Human Resource Development Panel (PPSM) in the context of impact to MIROS and/or the field of road safety research. For 2010, PPSM has agreed to award it to 13 recipients who were nominated by their respective Heads of Centres and Divisions.

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dianugerahkan Augerah Perkhidmatan Cemerlang (APC) pada tahun tersebut dan anugerah-anugerah khas yang dirasakan sesuai oleh Panel Pembangunan Sumber Manusia (PPSM) dalam konteks impak kepada MIROS dan/atau keselamatan jalan raya. Kuota penerima adalah tertakluk kepada PPSM. Bagi tahun penilaian 2010, Panel PPSM telah bersetuju memberi penghargaan kepada 13 orang warga MIROS, yang telah dipilih mengikut Pusat dan Bahagian masing-masing untuk menerima Anugerah Ketua Pengarah.

SENARAI PEMENANg ANUgERAH KETUA PENgARAH (AKP)KUMPULan PengUrUSan Dan ProFeSionaL1. Aimi Mohd Fahmi2. Alvin Poi Wai Hoong 3. Aqbal Hafeez Ariffin4. Nuura Addina Mohamad5. Ramizam Noor Zaman6. Prof. Madya. Dr. Wong Shaw Voon 7. Zarir Hafiz Zulkipli

KUMPULan SoKongan1. Dianafiza Kamarudin2. Julia Abdul Jalil3. Mohd Khairulnizam Atan4. Navindir Singh 5. Nurmaizah Jamsuri6. Siti Nurhidayah Musa7. Wan Rahayu Wan Abdullah

PenYeLiDiK PaLing BerPotenSiAnugerah Penyelidik Paling Berpotensi ini diberikan kepada penyelidik baru atau penyelidik yang telah melalui perubahan dan telah menunjukkan peningkatan potensi serta prestasi terbaik untuk tahun berkenaan. Bagi tahun penilaian 2010, penerima anugerah ini ialah Mohd Hafzi Md Isa.

anUgeraH ProJeK PenYeLiDiKan PaLing inoVatiF Anugerah Projek Penyelidikan Paling Inovatif ini diberikan kepada projek penyelidikan yang telah menunjukkan nilai-nilai inovasi dalam menyelesaikan masalah keselamatan jalan raya dan/atau dalam

aKP reCiPientSManageMent anD ProFeSSionaLS1. Aimi Mohd Fahmi2. Alvin Poi Wai Hoong 3. Aqbal Hafeez Ariffin4. Nuura Addina Mohamad5. Ramizam Noor Zaman6. Assoc. Prof. Dr. Wong Shaw Voon 7. Zarir Hafiz Zulkipli

SUPPort StaFF1. Dianafiza Kamarudin2. Julia Abdul Jalil3. Mohd Khairulnizam Atan4. Navindir Singh 5. Nurmaizah Jamsuri6. Siti Nurhidayah Musa7. Wan Rahayu Wan Abdullah

MoSt ProMiSing reSearCHerThe Most Promising Researcher Award is given to a new researcher who has shown the biggest improvement in the nomination year. For the year 2010, this award was won by Mohd Hafzi Md Isa.

MoSt innoVatiVe ProJeCtThis award is given to a MIROS research project that illustrates innovative ideas in solving problems that are related to road safety research and/or in its methodology. For the year 2010, this award was won by “The First Passenger Car Outdoor Crash Test Project” which was spearheaded by Syazwan Solah.

ProJeCt WitH HigHeSt iMPaCtMIROS research projects that provide the most impact in the field of road safety research is given this award every year. For 2010, two projects were given this accolade:

1) “Effects Of Central Hatching: An Analysis on Vehicle Speed, Vehicle Lateral Placement & Overtaking Maneuvers” led by Alvin Poi Wai Hoong, and

2) “The Malaysian Vehicle Assessment Programme (MyVAP)” led by Khairil Anwar Abu Kassim.

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melaksanakan metodologi projek. Bagi tahun penilaian 2010, pemenang anugerah ini ialah projek penyelidikan “The First Passenger Car Outdoor Crash Test Project” yang diketuai oleh Syazwan Solah.

ProJeK PenYeLiDiKan PaLing BeriMPaK Anugerah Projek Penyelidikan Paling Berimpak ini diberikan kepada projek penyelidikan yang telah memberikan impak yang besar pada keselamatan jalan raya. Bagi tahun penilaian 2010, terdapat dua projek yang ditentukan layak untuk menerima anugerah tersebut:

1) Projek “Effects Of Central Hatching: An Analysis On Vehicle Speed, Vehicle Lateral Placement & Overtaking Maneuvers” yang diketuai oleh Alvin Poi Wai Hoong, dan

2) Projek “The Malaysian Vehicle Assessment Programme (MyVAP)” yang diketuai oleh Khairil Anwar Abu Kassim.

PenYeLiDiK PaLing ProDUKtiF Penerima anugerah ini telah mengeluarkan paling banyak hasil dan output sepanjang tahun yang berkenaan.

Senarai PeneriMa anUgeraH PenYeLiDiK PaLing ProDUKtiF 1. Noradrenalina Isah2. Zarir Hafiz Zulkipli3. Dr. Norlen Mohamed4. Rohayu Sarani5. Ir. Muhammad Marizwan Abdul Manan

MoSt ProDUCtiVe reSearCHerThis award is given to the researchers who have been most productive and prolific in terms of research output throughout 2010.

tHe reCiPientS oF tHiS aWarD are1. Noradrenalina Isah2. Zarir Hafiz Zulkipli3. Dr. Norlen Mohamed4. Rohayu Sarani5. Ir. Muhammad Marizwan Abdul Manan

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LAPORAN PENYELIDIKAN MIROS 2010 MIROS RESEARCH REPORTS 2010UJIAN PERLANGGARAN KENDERAAN PENUMPANG TERBUKA PERTAMA 1ST PASSENGER CAR OUTDOOR CRASH TESTPROGRAM PENILAIAN KENDERAAN MALAYSIA (MyVAP) MALAYSIAN VEHICLE ASSESSMENT PROGRAMME (MyVAP)LOREKAN MEDIAN CENTRAL HATCHINGUJIAN PERLANGGARAN MOTOSIKAL MOTORCYCLE CRASH TEST

Sepanjang 2010, pelbagai projek kajian telah dijalankan melalui tiga pusat penyelidikan; Pusat Penyelidikan Perubahan Tingkahlaku Pengguna Jalan Raya, Pusat Penyelidikan Biomekanik dan Keselamatan Kenderaan, dan Pusat Penyelidikan Kejuruteraan Keselamatan Jalan Raya dan Persekitaran. Terdapat projek jangka panjang yang telah dimulakan pada tahun yang terdahulu, dan diteruskan pada 2010. Dan ada projek kajian dimulakan pada tahun 2010, telah disiapkan atau masih dijalankan. Kajian-kajian tersebut dijangkakan dapat membantu dalam membangunkan pelbagai dasar dan program intervensi bagi meningkatkan keselamatan jalan raya Malaysia.

1. PeniLaian PeMBaHagi JaLan Dan oBJeK tePian JaLan BeriSiKo Di LeBUHraYa Di MaLaYSia

Mohd Huzaifah Muntalip, Mohd Hafzi Md Isa, Iskandar Abdul Hamid, Alvin Poi Wai Hoong, Mohamad Marizwan Abd Manan, Ahmad Noor Syukri Zainal Abidin, Sharifah Allyana Syed Mohamed RahimPerlanggaran antara kenderaan bermotor dan objek di tepi jalan adalah salah satu jenis kemalangan yang kerap berlaku di lebuhraya di Malaysia. Kemalangan sebegini berlaku disebabkan adanya penghujung pembahagi jalan yang tidak ditamatkan dengan sempurna dan objek berbahaya di tepi jalan raya. Disebabkan kemalangan seperti ini biasanya menyebabkan kecederaan parah dan kematian, sudah sampai masanya reka bentuk, pemasangan dan lokasi objek-objek ini dinilai semula supaya langkah-langkah pembetulan boleh diambil. Penilaian berdasarkan pemerhatian ini dilakukan di kesemua lebuhraya di Semenanjung Malaysia, dan lebuhraya ini dikategorikan sebagai lebuhraya utama, bandar, ataupun pedalaman. Sasaran utama penyelidikan ini adalah untuk (i) mengenalpasti jumlah penghujung pembahagi jalan yang berbahaya (ii) mengenalpasti jumlah objek berbahaya di tepi jalan, dan (iii) mengeluarkan cadangan yang dapat mengurangkan risiko kepada pengguna jalan raya.

Hasil Projek• Pembentangan bertajuk “Assessment of Crash Barriers and Roadsides

Hazards along Malaysian Expressways” di ROSCON 2010, Kuala Lumpur.

LAPORAN PENYELIDIKAN MIROS 2010 MIROS RESEARCH REPORTS 2010

Throughout 2010, various research projects were carried out by MIROS through the three reearch centres; Vehicle Safety and Biomechanics Research Centre, Road Safety Engineering and Environment Research Centre, and Road User Behavioural Change Research Centre. Some of the projects were long term projects that were initiated in previous years and were in progress or completed in 2010. Some were projects initiated in 2010, and were completed or were still on going. These projects are expected to contribute valuable information for the development of various policies and intervention programmes to elevate road safety in Malaysia.

1. aSSeSSMent oF CraSH Barrier anD roaD SiDeS HazarD aLong MaLaYSian exPreSSWaYS

Mohd Huzaifah Muntalip, Mohd Hafzi Md Isa, Iskandar Abdul Hamid, Alvin Poi Wai Hoong, Mohamad Marizwan Abd Manan, Ahmad Noor Syukri Zainal Abidin, Sharifah Allyana Syed Mohamed RahimCollisions between motorized vehicles and roadside objects are one of the frequently occurring types of crashes along Malaysian expressways. Such crashes can be injurious or fatal to the users due to the existence of untreated crash barrier terminals and other roadside hazards. Judging from the fact that many crashes involving passenger vehicles often resulted in fatalities and serious injuries, the design and current installation practice of crash barriers as well as location of roadside hazards along the expressways need to be reviewed, so that proper correction measures can be implemented. The observational assessment on these crash barriers is conducted on all expressways in Peninsular of Malaysia, and those particular expressways are categorised into major, urban and rural. Mass action plans can be formulated based on the findings to eradicate the identified hazards along the expressways. The general aims of this study are to (i) identify number of crash barriers hazards at the curve, (ii) identify the number of roadside hazards, focusing on the end-treatments as well as the bridges, and (iii) propose pertinent recommendations, thereby minimizing the risks to the road users.

Project Output• Presentation entitled “Assessment of Crash Barriers and Roadsides

Hazards along Malaysian Expressways” at ROSCON 2010, Kuala Lumpur.

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2. anaLiSa reKa BentUK BaS Di MaLaYSia Dari Segi UneCe r36: SatU KaJian aWaL

Mohd Syazwan Solah, Aqbal Hafeez Ariffin, Fuad Abas, Wong Shaw VoonDi Malaysia, bas adalah salah satu pengangkutan awam yang popular. Kemalangan melibatkan bas di Malaysia tidak kerap berlaku, tetapi apabila ia berlaku, akan mengakibatkan kematian dan kecederaan yang teruk. Kajian ini dijalankan bertujuan menilai dan menambahbaik binaan bas di Malaysia. Pada masa ini, kesemua pembina bas menggunapakai Undang-undang Kenderaan Bermotor (Pembuatan dan Penggunaan) 1959. Memandangkan Malaysia akan mula menggunapakai peraturan UNECE, satu kajian perlu dijalankan untuk menyokong langkah ini. Kajian ini dijalankan dengan menggunapakai Sistem Pangkalan Data Kemalangan Jalan Raya MIROS (MROADS), Sistem Rekonstruksi dan Analisa Kemalangan MIROS (MiCARS) dan penilaian bas di Pemeriksaan Teknikal Berkala (PTI) untuk menilai tahap kesediaan industri bas tempatan untuk menggunapakai peraturan UNECE.

Hasil Kajian• Pembentangan bertajuk “Bus Collision in Malaysia: Case Study of

Real-World Crash Investigation” di ROSCON 2010, Kuala Lumpur.

3. CIRI-CIRI KEMALANgAN MAUT MELIBATKAN MOTOSIKAL Dengan MotoSiKaL

Abdul Rahmat Abdul Manap, Nurul Kharmila Kematian yang diakibatkan kemalangan motosikal merupakan penyumbang terbesar kadar kematian di jalan raya di Malaysia. Setiap tahun, 3,000 kematian yang disebabkan kemalangan melibatkan motosikal berlaku di Malaysia dan ia semakin meningkat. Analisa lanjut menunjukkan bahawa banyak kematian ini disebabkan kemalangan antara motosikal dan kereta (1,194 kes), motosikal dengan motosikal lain (1,058 kes), dan kemalangan motosikal tanpa melibatkan kenderaan lain (1,058 kes). Setakat ini, belum ada sebarang kajian dijalankan mengenai kemalangan antara motosikal dengan

2. anaLYSiS oF BUS DeSign in MaLaYSia WitH reSPeCt to UneCe r36: a PreLiMinarY StUDY

Mohd Syazwan Solah, Aqbal Hafeez Ariffin, Fuad Abas, Wong Shaw VoonIn Malaysia the bus is a common mode of public transportation. Bus accidents in Malaysia rarely involved in severe crashes but when it happens, the number of casualties and injuries can become severe. The aim of this research is to evaluate and to enhance the construction of buses in Malaysia, especially the general construction. Presently, all bus constructors/manufacturers follow the Road Transport Rules (Construction and Used) 1959. Since Malaysia will adopt the UNECE regulation, a study needs to be conducted in order to support its implementation. The research will utilise the MIROS Road Accident Database System (MROADS), MIROS Crash Analysis and Reconstruction System (MiCARS) and bus assessment at Periodical Technical Inspection (PTI) to evaluate the readiness of the bus industry towards the UNECE regulation implementation.

Project Output• Presentation entitled “Bus Collision in Malaysia: Case Study of

Real-World Crash Investigation” at ROSCON 2010, Kuala Lumpur.

3. CHaraCteriStiCS oF MotorCYCLe anD MotorCYCLe FataL CoLLiSion

Abdul Rahmat Abdul Manap, Nurul Kharmila Fatality in motorcycle crashes constitutes the largest portion of fatality in road crash in Malaysia. Each year Malaysia experiences approximately 3,000 deaths from motorcycle crashes and the number is markedly increased each year. Further analysis shows that the types of crash that contribute to the largest portion of fatality case are motorcycle versus passenger car (1,194 cases), motorcycle versus motorcycle (MVM) (1,058 cases) and single vehicle crash (SVA) (1,058 cases). There is no existing literature or studies being conducted on motorcycle versus motorcycle crash either at local or international level to date. Hence, the primary aim for this study is to conduct novel study on this area especially on the crash characteristic and injury pattern of the crash.

Project Output• Poster presentation entitled “Fatal Motorcycle Crashes in Urban

Area”, at the National Convention on Forensic Medicine and Sciences 2010, Kuala Lumpur.

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motosikal di Malaysia dan di peringkat antarabangsa. Oleh itu, kajian ini bertujuan menjadi kajian pertama seumpamanya; terutamanya mengenai ciri kemalangan dan corak kecederaan diakibatkan kemalangan ini.

Hasil Kajian• Pembentangan poster bertajuk “Fatal Motorcycle Crashes in Urban

Area” di National Convention on Forensic Medicine and Sciences 2010, Kuala Lumpur.

• Pembentangan poster bertajuk “Fatal Motorcycle Crashes in Urban Area”, di ROSCON 2010, Kuala Lumpur.

4. PEMBANgUNAN SIMULATOR PEMANDUAN MIROS (M-DEDS)Mohd Firdaus Mohd Siam, Muammar Quadaffi Mohd Ariffin, Nurulhana Borhan, Rabihah IlyasKaedah penyelidikan MIROS terhadap tabiat pemanduan buat masa kini banyak tertumpu kepada kaji selidik, perbincangan kumpulan fokus dan pemerhatian luaran. Satu lagi cara yang boleh dijalankan adalah mengumpul data semasa pemanduan sedang berjalan. Projek ini dijalankan bertujuan mendapatkan satu unit alat simulasi pemanduan untuk kegunaan di pejabat MIROS. Ia bertujuan mengumpul data tabiat pemanduan yang dapat digunakan dalam penyelidikan keselamatan jalan raya. MIROS tidak akan membina alat simulasi ini secara persendirian kerana sumber yang masih terhad, jadi satu pembekal yang dilantik akan membekal dan memasangnya mengikut perincian yang dikehendaki MIROS. Skop kerja projek ini terbahagi kepada proses perancangan, pelaksanaan dan fasa operasi.

5. FAKTOR-FAKTOR KRITIKAL YANg BERKAIT DENgAN KEMATIAN PeJaLan KaKi DiSeBaBKan KeMaLangan JaLan raYa

Aqbal Hafeez Ariffin, Zulhaidi Mohd Jawi @ Said, Khairil Anwar Abu KassimMenurut data kemalangan jalan raya kebangsaan PDRM, 2,550 (2006) dan 2,021 (2007) kes kecederaan dan kematian pejalan kaki telah berlaku. Jumlah ini merupakan 69.84% dan 69.45% dari jumlah kemalangan melibatkan pejalan kaki yang berlaku pada tahun 2006 dan 2007. Di samping itu, rekod Polis Diraja Malaysia (PDRM) pada tahun 2007 menunjukkan bahawa jumlah kematian pejalan kaki adalah 10% daripada kematian di jalan raya. Kajian ini penting disebabkan kajian-kajian terdahulu adalah

• Poster presentation entitled “Fatal Motorcycle Crashes in Urban Area”, at ROSCON 2010, Kuala Lumpur.

4. DeVeLoPMent oF MiroS DriVing SiMULator (M-DEDS)

Mohd Firdaus Mohd Siam, Muammar Quadaffi Mohd Ariffin, Nurulhana Borhan, Rabihah IlyasThe current method of research on driving behaviour as performed by MIROS mainly utilises survey form, focus group discussion and external observation. Another alternative is to collect actual data when the driver is actually driving. The outcome of this development project is to acquire one unit of driving simulator, to be installed in the current MIROS office. The primary objective of this simulator is to collect, but not limited to, driver behavioural data, which is to be used for road safety research. The experience gained from this project can be later used for future development. The team does not intend to build the simulator from scratch, as the current level of resources is insufficient. Instead, an appointed supplier will then assemble the simulator according to this specification. The work scopes of this project are divided into planning, execution and operation phases.

5. CritiCaL FaCtorS aSSoCiateD WitH PeDeStrian CaSUaLtieS in Motor VeHiCLe CraSHeS

Aqbal Hafeez Ariffin, Zulhaidi Mohd Jawi @ Said, Khairil Anwar Abu KassimAccording to the Royal Malaysian Police (RMP) national road crash database, there were approximately 2,550 (2006) and 2,021 (2007) cases involving pedestrian fatality and injury. These numbers account for 69.84% and 69.45% of the total pedestrian-related road crashes in years 2006 and 2007, respectively. In addition, based on the statistical report of road crashes by Royal Malaysian Police (RMP) pedestrian fatality accounted for about 10% of the whole fatal road crashes in Malaysia in 2007. This study is essential since prior studies carried out on pedestrian safety in Malaysia are insufficient. The general aim of this research is to study factors associated with pedestrian

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terhad. Objektif umum kajian ini adalah mengkaji faktor kematian dan kecederaan terhadap pejalan kaki dalam kemalangan antara pejalan kaki dan kenderaan bermotor di beberapa daerah Selangor menggunakan pendekatan retrospektif. Dengan merujuk saiz sampel, data kemalangan antara pejalan kaki dan kenderaan yang direkod polis dari 2006–2008 telah dianalisa. Hasil kajian ini akan menjadi asas bagi menerokai topik yang berpotensi untuk kajian masa hadapan yang diharapkan akan dapat memanfaatkan agenda keselamatan jalan raya di Malaysia.

Hasil Kajian• Pembentangan bertajuk “Pedestrian Casualties

in Road Accidents – Malaysia Perspective” di ROSCON 2010, Kuala Lumpur.

• Pembentangan bertajuk “Man vs. Vehicle – A Look into Risk Factors Associated with Pedestrian Injury Severity in Road Accidents in Malaysia” di persidangan 9th Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies (EASTS) Conference, Jeju, South Korea.

6. CIRI-CIRI PEMBONCENg MOTOSIKAL BAWAH UMUR DI SELANgORNoor Faradila Paiman, Khairil Anwar Abu Kassim, Aqbal Hafeez Arifin,

Mohd Khairudin Rahman, Mohd Syazwan Solah, Zulhaidi Mohd Jawi @ Said, Azhar Hamzah, Mohd Hafzi Md Isa, Yahaya Ahmad Pembonceng motosikal di bawah umur adalah satu kebiasaan di negara ini. Kebiasaannya ibubapa ataupun penunggang yang lebih berumur akan memboncengkan mereka untuk dihantar ke sekolah, untuk bersiar-siar malahan juga untuk perjalanan yang jauh. Ini meningkatkan risiko untuk terlibat dalam kemalangan jalan raya dan terdedah kepada maut. Kajian ini dijalankan dengan cara melakukan pemerhatian dari tepi jalan terhadap pembonceng motosikal di bawah umur berdekatan beberapa

fatality and injury in motor vehicle-pedestrian crashes at selected districts in Selangor using a retrospective approach. By referring to calculated sample size, data on pedestrian-vehicle accidents which were recorded by the police during the period of 2006–2008 was collected and used in the analyses. The research outputs will serve as a groundwork study to explore the topic for potential research that will benefit the Malaysian road safety agenda.

Project Output• Presentation entitled “Pedestrian

Casualties in Road Accidents – Malaysia Perspective” at ROSCON 2010, Kuala Lumpur.

• Presentation entitled “Man vs. Vehicle – A Look into Risk Factors Associated with Pedestrian Injury Severity in Road Accidents in Malaysia” at the 9th Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies (EASTS) Conference, Jeju, South Korea.

6. CHaraCteriStiCS oF YoUng MotorCYCLe PiLLion PaSSengerS in SeLangor

Noor Faradila Paiman, Khairil Anwar Abu Kassim, Aqbal Hafeez Arifin, Mohd Khairudin Rahman, Mohd Syazwan Solah, Zulhaidi Mohd Jawi @ Said, Azhar Hamzah, Mohd Hafzi Md Isa, Yahaya Ahmad Carrying young pillion riders on motorcycles has become a norm in this country. Usually parents or elder riders bring their children on their motorcycle to send them to school, for leisure or even for long trips. This increases the exposure to the risk of road crashes and may increase casualty. The study was conducted using roadside observation method on children as motorcycle pillion riders along the main road near selected primary schools in Selangor. School selections were based on the Ministry of Education school classification according to rural and urban areas.

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sekolah rendah di Selangor. Pemilihan sekolah-sekolah ini dilakukan berdasarkan pengkelasan sekolah bandar dan kawasan pedalaman yang digunapakai Kementerian Pendidikan.

7. KaJian PenCegaHan KeCeDeraan KeMaLangan JaLan RAYA (R-TRIPS)

Hizal Hanis Hashim, Rohayu Sarani, Sharifah Allyana Syed Mohamed Rahim, Wan Tahirah Ibrahim, Norlen Mohamed MIROS dengan kerjasama Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia melalui Pusat Penyelidikan Klinikal (CRC) telah memulakan sebuah kajian; Kajian Pencegahan Kecederaan Kemalangan Jalan Raya (R-TRIPS) bagi mengumpul maklumat lengkap kecederaan di jalan raya daripada enam hospital di Lembah Klang. Maklumat ini kemudiannya ditukar ke Skala Ringkas Kecederaan (AIS) untuk penilaian kecederaan anatomi, dan Markah Tahap Kecederaan (ISS) seterusnya diambil. Hasil kajian awal daripada data kajian ini telah memberi maklumat yang boleh digunakan membentuk polisi-polisi dan program-program intervensi keselamatan jalan raya yang lebih berkesan. Penambahan rekod kecederaan daripada hospital kepada rekod polis yang sedia ada juga akan meningkatkan pemahaman terhadap isu-isu keselamatan jalan raya yang dapat meningkatkan piawaian keselamatan jalan raya.

Hasil Projek• Pembentangan bertajuk “Road Injury Data

Collection and Epidemiologal Situation in Malaysia” di ROSCON 2010, Kuala Lumpur.

8. KaJian PerintiS BerKenaan PengetaHUan Dan tanggaPan aM Mengenai Beg UDara

Mohammad Mahafiz Abdul Rahim, Ahmad Noor Syukri Zainal Abidin, Nuura Addina Mohamad Kajian ini dijalankan dengan tujuan menilai pengetahuan dan tanggapan orang awam di Malaysia mengenai beg udara. Di samping itu, pendapat mereka mengenai promosi dan pendedahan terhadap beg udara

7. ROAD TRAFFIC INJURY PREVENTION STUDY (R-TRIPS)Hizal Hanis Hashim, Rohayu Sarani, Sharifah Allyana Syed Mohamed Rahim, Wan Tahirah Ibrahim, Norlen Mohamed MIROS with the cooperation from Ministry of Health (MOH) through Clinical Research Centre (CRC) has initiated a study; Road Traffic Injury Prevention Study (R-TRIPS) to collect detailed road injury data from six hospitals around the Klang Valley. Details on road injuries were collected and coded into Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) for anatomical injury assessment and Injury Severity Score (ISS) were calculated. Preliminary findings from the data have equipped researchers and road safety professionals on new information that can be used to formulate better policies and impactful intervention on road safety. The inclusion of hospital injury data to the existing police crash data would provide better understanding on road safety issues that will improve road safety standards.

Project Output• Presentation entitled “Road Injury Data Collection and Epidemiologal

Situation in Malaysia” at ROSCON 2010, Kuala Lumpur.

8. an exPLoratorY StUDY on PUBLiC KnoWLeDge anD attitUDeS toWarD air BagS

Mohammad Mahafiz Abdul Rahim, Ahmad Noor Syukri Zainal Abidin, Nuura Addina Mohamad The objective of this project is to assess the knowledge and attitudes of the Malaysian public towards air bags. Besides that opinions on the exposure/

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melalui beberapa saluran juga diselidiki. Satu persampelan mudah secara rawak dijalankan dan soal kaji selidik telah dikemukakan kepada responden-responden. Hasil kajian ini digunakan untuk mengetahui tahap pengetahuan dan tanggapan rakyat Malaysia mengenai keselamatan beg udara. Selain daripada penghasilan laporan penyelidikan, laporan indeks juga akan diedarkan kepada agensi-agensi keselamatan jalan raya yang lain bagi mereka menjangka maklumbalas pengguna-penguna jalan raya sebelum penggunaan beg udara dapat dilaksanakan.

9. KaJian PerintiS PeManDUan agreSiF Di MaLaYSia: KoreLaSi Dan taBUran, MenggUnaKan aLat SiMULaSi PEMANDUAN (MADS-DS)

Muammar Quadaffi Mohd Ariffin, Mohd Firdaus Mohd Siam, Rabihah Ilyas, Nurulhana Borhan Alat simulasi pemanduan adalah berguna dalam mengkaji tabiat pemanduan. Jumlah kematian di jalan raya masih tinggi di Malaysia dengan 6,745 kematian pada 2009. Beberapa tabiat pemanduan telah dikaitkan sebagai punca kemalangan, tetapi masih sedikit yang diketahui dalam situasi di Malaysia. Sebuah kajian sedang dijalankan untuk mengetahui penunjuk tabiat-tabiat ini, dengan menggunakan sebuah alat simulasi pemanduan sebagai alat pengumpulan data. Sebuah kertas kajian telah dibentangkan semasa persidangan ROSCON 2010, dan ia membincangkan mengenai perkembangan dan kekangan yang dialami dalam membangunkan alat simulasi pemanduan dengan tujuan menjalankan kajian perintis mengenai tabiat pemanduan. Sehingga penghujung 2010, kajian ini masih lagi dalam proses.

Hasil Kajian• Pembentangan bertajuk “Development of An Experiment for A Driving

Behaviour Study Using Driving Simulator – Challenges and Progress” di ROSCON 2010, Kuala Lumpur.

• Enam simulasi senario situasi.

promotion of air bags through many channels are also raised. A simple random sampling is applied with survey questionnaires are prepared to selective respondents. The output of the project is to obtain the level of knowledge that Malaysian public possesses towards air bags and how well their attitudes are regarding air bag safety. Other than the production of a research report, deliverables of index reports will be distributed to every road safety related agency in order to review the interest of the public before the introduction of air bags can be implemented.

9. exPLoratorY StUDY oF aggreSSiVe DriVing in MaLaYSia: CorreLationS anD DiStriBUtionS Via a DRIVINg SIMULATOR (MADS-DS)

Muammar Quadaffi Mohd Ariffin, Mohd Firdaus Mohd Siam, Rabihah Ilyas, Nurulhana Borhan Driving simulator is a useful tool to study driver behaviour. Road fatalities remain high in Malaysia, with 6,745 deaths in 2009. Certain driving behaviours are associated as contributors to crashes, but little is known about this phenomenon, in the Malaysian context. A study is being conducted to determine indicators of such driving behaviour, with the use of a driving simulator as a data collection tool. A paper was presented in the ROSCON 2010, discussing the progress and challenges in developing an experiment using a driving simulator, for an on-going exploratory driver behaviour study. At the end of 2010, the experiment was still under development.

Project Output• Presentation entitled “Development of An Experiment for A

Driving Behaviour Study Using Driving Simulator – Challenges and Progress” at ROSCON 2010, Kuala Lumpur.

• Six event scenario simulations.

10. exPLoratorY StUDY oF aggreSSiVe DriVing in MaLaYSia: CorreLationS anD DiStriBUtionS

Karen Goonting, Ahmad Azad Ab. Rashid, Nuura Addina bt Mohamad, Rabihah Ilyas, Nuur Sakinah AzmanThis study seeks to help address the problem of aggressive driving as a significant contributor to

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10. KaJian PerintiS PeManDUan SeCara agreSiF Di MaLaYSia: KoreLaSi Dan taBUran

Karen Goonting, Ahmad Azad Ab. Rashid, Nuura Addina bt Mohamad, Rabihah Ilyas, Nuur Sakinah AzmanKajian ini dijalankan untuk mempelajari lebih lanjut tentang masalah pemanduan secara agresif yang dikenalpasti sebagai penyumbang utama terhadap kemalangan dan kematian di jalan raya. Kajian terhadap kekerapan, jenis dan taburan pemanduan agresif melalui jantina, pekerjaan, bangsa (jika ada), pengalaman memandu, latar belakang pendidikan, kewangan dan jenis kenderaan pemandu di seluruh Malaysia akan dapat membantu pembangunan program intervensi dan polisi-polisi yang lebih tepat, spesifik, berkesan dan efektif dari segi kewangan. Di samping itu, kajian ini juga akan dapat mengenalpasti faktor-faktor risiko yang berlaku secara individu ataupun berkelompok untuk meramalkan jenis pemandu yang berisiko memandu secara agresif, supaya tindakan awal dapat diambil untuk mengurangkannya.

11. KaJian retroSPeKtiF terHaDaP KeMaLangan KenDeraan tUnggaL Di KaWaSan BanDar Dan LUar BanDarAhmad Noor Syukri Zainal Abidin, Mohammad Mahafiz Abdul Rahim, Mohd Hafzi Md Isa Pada masa kini kemalangan kenderaan tunggal (SVA) di Malaysia belum dikaji secara menyeluruh. Ia adalah kejadian yang membimbangkan kerana berdasarkan data kebangsaan PDRM, kemalangan SVA menyumbang 30.1% kepada jumlah kemalangan maut dan 17.1% jumlah kecederaan berat dalam tahun 2006 dan 26.9% (kematian) dan 16.1% (kecederaan berat) dalam 2007. Akibat daripada kemalangan SVA yang teruk menyebabkan perlunya satu kajian bagi mempelajari ciri-cirinya, bagaimana ia menyebabkan kecederaan teruk dan bagaimana untuk mengatasinya. Kaedah retrospektif menentukan corak SVA dan mengenalpasti faktor-faktor risiko yang perlu ditumpukan, jika ada. Jika diperlukan, kaedah penyiasatan kemalangan yang lebih mendalam akan dijalankan dalam fasa seterusnya untuk mengkaji seberapa banyak faktor yang menyebabkan kemalangan dan kecederaan; termasuk juga faktor

road crashes and casualties. Knowing the prevalence, types and distribution of aggressive driving––in terms of gender, occupation, ethnicity (if any), driving experience, educational and income levels and vehicle type––across Malaysia will help the development of more targeted, specifically designed and thus more outcome and cost-effective interventions and policies. In addition, this study could identify possible risk factors occurring alone or in clusters—to predict which groups are likely to have the propensity to be aggressive drivers, so that mediating pre-emptive action can be taken.

11. retroSPeCtiVe StUDY oF SingLe VeHiCLe aCCiDentS in UrBan anD SUBUrBan areaS

Ahmad Noor Syukri Zainal Abidin, Mohammad Mahafiz Abdul Rahim, Mohd Hafzi Md Isa As of now the incidences of single vihicle accidents (SVA) on Malaysian roads have not been comprehensively investigated. It is of significant concern because based on the RMP national database which was extracted from MROADS, single vehicle accident recorded 30.1% fatal cases per the total number of fatal accidents and 17.1% severe injury cases from the total number of severe accidents cases for year 2006 while 26.9% (fatal) and 16.1% (severe) for year 2007. Due to the high severity of SVA, it is pertinent that a study be carried out to look into its characteristics, how it may cause the injury severity and for possible ameliorations. A retrospective method has been employed to determine the trend and pattern of SVA, and to identify the risk factors that need to be focused on during prospective approach, if necessary. If required, a prospective approach of in-depth crash investigation will be conducted in the next phase of the study to identify in detail as many factors as possible that contribute to crashes and the resulting injuries and, in particular, factors that have not previously been identified. Furthermore, an injury prediction model will be developed in the study, and possible interventions and remedial measures can be proposed based on the model.

Project Output• Conference paper entitled “A Preliminary Study on Characteristics

and the Contributing Factors for Single-Vehicle Collisions Involving Trees in Malaysia” at the 15th Road Safety on Four Continents International Conference 2010.

• Conference paper entitled “Passenger Vehicle Drivers and Motorcycle Riders Injury Severity Risk Factors in Single-Vehicle Accidents” at the International Crashworthiness Conference 2010.

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yang belum dikenalpasti. Di samping itu, model ramalan kecederaan akan dibangunkan dalam kajian ini di mana program intervensi dan pemulihan dapat disarankan menggunakan model tersebut.

Hasil Kajian• Kertas persidangan bertajuk “A

Preliminary Study on Characteristics and the Contributing Factors for Single-Vehicle Collisions Involving Trees in Malaysia” di 15th Road Safety on Four Continents International Conference.

• Kertas persidangan bertajuk “Passenger Vehicle Drivers and Motorcycle Riders Injury Severity Risk Factors in Single-Vehicle Accidents” di International Crashworthiness Conference 2010.

12. KaJian retroSPeKtiF terHaDaP HentaMan SiSi KenDeraan BerMotor Mohd Hafzi Md Isa, Khairil Anwar Abu Kassim, Mohd Khairudin Rahman Kemalangan sisi adalah sejenis kemalangan kenderaan di mana sesebuah kenderaan dilanggar kenderaan lain ataupun melanggar objek pegun di bahagian sisi. Kemalangan sisi telah dibuktikan sebagai penyumbang kedua terbesar jumlah kematian dan kecederaan selepas kemalangan berhadapan. Menerusi pangkalan data PDRM bagi tahun 2006, 82,000 kemalangan sisi telah berlaku; 25% daripada jumlah kemalangan di Malaysia bagi tahun tersebut. Kemalangan sisi telah mencatatkan jumlah mangsa maut (24.2%) dan kecederaan serius (40.1%) yang lebih besar berbanding kemalangan lain. Bagaimanapun, sebelum ini tidak ada mana-mana kajian meyeluruh dijalankan terhadap kemalangan sisi di Malaysia. Oleh kerana maklumat yang tidak mencukupi, kajian secara retrospektif telah digunapakai sebagai kaedah utama bagi memahami tahap kecederaan yang disebabkan kemalangan jenis ini dan sifat-sifatnya.

Hasil Kajian• Pembentangan bertajuk “The Accident Analysis of Two-Vehicle

Side Impact Crashes in Malaysia”, di International Conference of Crashworthiness, Washington DC, USA.

12. a retroSPeCtiVe StUDY on Motor VeHiCLe SiDe iMPaCt CoLLiSionS

Mohd Hafzi Md Isa, Khairil Anwar Abu Kassim, Mohd Khairudin Rahman Side impact collision refers to vehicles being hit by another vehicle (usually in front or at rear-end) or hitting a fixed object at the side of the vehicle. Based on the available data, side impact collisions are the second leading cause of death and injury in traffic accidents after frontal collisions. According to the RMP national database, there were about 82,000 side impact related accidents in 2006, which

accounted for 25% of total accidents in Malaysia. Side impacts recorded the highest number of fatal (24.2%) and serious injury (40.1%) accidents in comparison with other accidents. Furthermore, there has not been any comprehensive study being conducted on side impact collisions in Malaysia yet. Due to insufficient and incomplete data, a retrospective approach is utilised as the main methodology for this study in order to study the crash characteristics and injury severity of side impact collisions.

Project Output• Presentation entitled “The Accident Analysis of Two-Vehicle Side

Impact Crashes in Malaysia”, at the International Conference of Crashworthiness, Washington DC, USA.

• Presentation entitled “Scenario, Test Requirements & Occupant Protection Concerning Side Impacts: An Overview”, at ROSCON 2010, Kuala Lumpur.

13. tHe eFFeCtiVeneSS oF oPS BerSePaDU DUring Hari raYa aiDiLFitri PerioD 2010: a StUDY on KLang VaLLeY reSiDentS WHo traVeLLeD DUring Hari raYa aiDiLFitri PerioD

Nor Fadilah Mohd Soid, Norliana Ali Haidzir, Noradrenalina IsahThis study (herein referred to as Study 2) was to complement another study with the title “The Effectiveness of Ops Bersepadu Conducted

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• Pembentangan bertajuk “Scenario, Test Requirements & Occupant Protection Concerning Side Impacts: An Overview”, di ROSCON 2010, Kuala Lumpur.

13. KeBerKeSanan oPS BerSePaDU Hari raYa aiDiLFitri 2010: KaJian Mengenai Warga LeMBaH KLang Yang MeMBUat PerJaLanan DaLaM teMPoH Hari raYa aiDiLFitri

Nor Fadilah Mohd Soid, Norliana Ali Haidzir, Noradrenalina Isah Kajian ini (yang akan dipanggil Kajian 2) dijalankan bertujuan melengkapkan satu lagi kajian bertajuk “Keberkesanan Ops Bersepadu Hari Raya Aidilfitri 2010” (Kajian 1). Kajian 2 bertujuan melengkapkan responden yang tidak ditemu ramah dalam Kajian 1 yang tinggal di Kota Bharu, Johor Bahru, Ayer Keroh dan Tapah.

Objektif utama Kajian 2 adalah untuk mengenalpasti kesan operasi penguatkuasaan lalulintas Ops Bersepadu terhadap pengguna-penguna jalan raya. Kajian ini dijalankan melalui kaji selidik yang dijalankan di sekitar Lembah Klang; dan meliputi pengguna-penguna jalan raya yang telah pulang ke kampung halaman masing-masing untuk cuti hari raya. Kaji selidik ini dilakukan selepas cuti hari raya melalui kaji selidik yang dijawab sendiri oleh responden. Hasil kajian ini seterusnya dibandingkan dengan hasil kajian yang dijalankan di seluruh negara bagi mendapatkan kesan aktiviti kegiatan penguatkuasaan tertentu terhadap perlakuan pengguna-pengguna jalan raya.

14. KEBERKESANAN OPS BERSEPADU SEMASA MUSIM-MUSIM PERAYAAN: KAJIAN PERSEPSI PENggUNA-PENggUNA JALAN RAYA DAN PEMANDU-PEMANDU BAS

Noradrenalina Isah, Maslina Musa, Sanizah Saleh, Noorimah Ilimin, Nor Fadilah Mohd Soid, Anis Syakira Jailani, Jegak Uli Polis Diraja Malaysia dan Jabatan Pengangkutan Jalan telah menjalankan aktiviti penguatkuasaan dan pemantauan dalam usaha mereka mengurangkan

over Hari Raya Aidilfitri 2010” (herein referred to as Study 1). Study 2 would complete the coverage of respondents that were not covered by Study 1, which covered respondents in Kota Bharu, Johor Bahru, Ayer Keroh and Tapah.

The main objective of Study 2 was to identify how the visibility of traffic enforcement affects road user behaviour during Ops Bersepadu.

The study was carried out through a survey conducted in the Klang Valley area; consisting those who have travelled back to their hometowns during the Hari Raya break. The survey was conducted after the Hari Raya Aidilfitri in order to gauge the public’s perception of the visibility of enforcement during the Ops Sikap festive period using a self-administered questionnaire. The findings of this study was then compared with the nationwide survey results, in order to determine the impact of specific enforcement activities on road users’ behaviour.

14. tHe eFFeCtiVeneSS oF oPS BerSePaDU ConDUCteD oVer tHe FeStiVe PerioDS: PerCePtion StUDY aMong roaD USerS anD BUS DriVerS

Noradrenalina Isah, Maslina Musa, Sanizah Saleh, Noorimah Ilimin, Nor Fadilah Mohd Soid, Anis Syakira Jailani, Jegak UliThe Royal Malaysian Police and the Road Transport Department have conducted traffic enforcement and monitoring activities in an attempt to reduce traffic violation and crashes. The main objective of this study was to determine the change if there is an increase or decrease in the road users’ perception of the risk of being caught for specific offences when there is or appears to be increased enforcement. Assessment was carried out through self-administered questionnaire survey. The sites chosen were representing federal roads and expressways. The findings of this study will be able to act as measurement on the effectiveness of road safety programmes and interventions as well as a key performance indicators (KPI) for enforcement by the authorities.

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Project Output• Presentation entitled “The Effectiveness of Ops Bersepadu

Conducted over the Festive Periods: Perception Study among Road Users and Bus Drivers” at ROSCON 2010, Kuala Lumpur.

15. SPine inJUrieS aMong MotorCYCLiStS in roaD traFFiC

COLLISIONS: PHASE 1 - PREVALENCE STUDYZarir Hafiz Zulkipli, Abdul Rahmat Abdul Manap, Noor Faradila Paiman, Siti Atiqah Despite the extensive studies on spine injury related to passenger car especially in whiplash injury, research of spine injury due to motorcycle crash has not yet been established. One of the major obstacles is spine injury might be common but underreported. This is because clinically, the pre and post examinations do not solely examine the spine for any pathological indication of spine injury, even if the patient is in a

life threatening condition because a lengthier time is needed for this type of examination. In addition the symptom for spine injuries are mostly manifests after a long period of time. Thus, the main objective of this study is to address the aforementioned problems. It is hoped that future research on spine injury due to motorcycle crash can be expanded from cervical spine down to the thoracolumbar spine. Methods such as real-world crashworthiness investigation, dummies and cadaver test may be implemented in order to correlate between pre crash factor and injury mechanism of spine injury.

Project Output• Presentation entitled “Motorcyclist Spinal Injuries in Road

Crashes: Literature Review” at the 15th International Conference, Road Safety on Four Continents, (RS4C) 2010, Abu Dhabi.

• Conference paper entitled “Crash Factors for Spinal Injuries Among Seriously Injured Motorcyclists” at the International Crashworthiness Conference (ICrash2010), Washington D.C.

perlanggaran undang-undang dan kemalangan di jalan raya. Objektif utama kajian adalah menentukan jika ada penurunan ataupun peningkatan persepsi para pengguna jalan raya mengenai risiko mereka disaman ataupun ditahan pihak berkuasa semasa kegiatan penguatkuasaan ini dipertingkatkan. Penilaian dijalankan melalui kaji selidik yang dijawab sendiri oleh responden. Tempat-tempat kajian yang dipilih adalah jalan-jalan persekutuan dan lebuhraya. Hasil kajian ini boleh digunakan sebagai penanda aras keberkesanan program intervensi dan program-program keselamatan jalan raya, di samping menjadi Penunjuk Prestasi Utama (KPI) bagi pihak-pihak berkuasa yang terlibat dengan kegiatan penguatkuasaan keselamatan jalan raya.

Hasil Kajian• Pembentangan bertajuk

“The Effectiveness of Ops Bersepadu Conducted over the Festive Periods: Perception Study among Road Users and Bus Drivers” di ROSCON 2010, Kuala Lumpur.

15. KeCeDeraan tULang BeLaKang KePaDa PenUnggang MotoSiKaL aKiBat KEMALANgAN JALAN RAYA: FASA 1 – KAJIAN KEKERAPAN

Zarir Hafiz Zulkipli, Abdul Rahmat Abdul Manap, Noor Faradila Paiman, Siti Atiqah Biarpun telah banyak kajian dijalankan berkenaan kecederaan tulang belakang terhadap pemandu dan penumpang kereta, kajian terhadap kecederaan yang sama disebabkan kemalangan motosikal belum pernah dijalankan. Salah satu kemungkinan adalah ia selalu berlaku namun jarang dilaporkan mangsa. Ini disebabkan dari segi perubatan, pemeriksaan tidak hanya bertumpu kepada tulang belakang untuk mencari bukti sama ada terdapat kecederaan yang serius ke atas tulang belakang pesakit. Ini disebabkan pemeriksaan tersebut akan memakan masa yang berharga. Tambahan pula, kebanyakan tanda-tanda kecederaan ini tidak muncul serta-merta. Adalah diharapkan kajian kecederaan tulang belakang yang dijalankan di masa hadapan boleh menumpukan kepada tunjang serviks

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sehingga ke ‘thoracolumbar’. Kaedah kajian yang khusus hendaklah digunapakai seperti kajian terhadap keselamatan ketika kemalangan, ujian kemalangan menggunakan patung dan juga mayat bagi mengenal pasti korelasi antara faktor sebelum kemalangan dan mekanisme kecederaan tulang belakang.

Hasil Kajian• Pembentangan bertajuk “Motorcyclist Spinal

Injuries in Road Crashes: Literature Review” di 15th International Conference, Road Safety on Four Continents, (RS4C) 2010, Abu Dhabi.

• Kertas persidangan bertajuk “Crash Factors for Spinal Injuries Among Seriously Injured Motorcyclists” di International Crashworthiness Conference (ICrash2010), Washington D.C.

16. KeMaLangan Kereta KeCiL Di MaLaYSiaSiti Atiqah Mohd Faudzi, Zarir Hafiz Zulkipli, Aqbal Hafeez Arifin and Mohd Syazwan SolahKereta kompak telah menjadi semakin popular di Malaysia dan juga di seluruh dunia. Disebabkan saiznya yang kecil, ianya digemari pemandu wanita dan novis. Pembuatan kereta jenis ini juga menjadi tumpuan banyak pembuat kenderaan disebabkan permintaan yang tinggi terhadapnya. Walau bagaimanapun, tahap keselamatan kereta kompak belum dapat dikenalpasti dan banyak masalah perlindungan kemalangan telah diperhatikan daripada kemalangan melibatkannya. Data kemalangan maut yang melibatkan kereta kompak telah diambil daripada MROADS dan pangkalan data Unit Rekonstruksi Kemalangan (CRU). Lebih kurang 27% daripada jumlah mangsa yang tercedera dalam kemalangan jalan raya di Malaysia adalah penumpang dan pemandu kereta kompak. Kebanyakan daripada mereka tercedera disebabkan impak tinggi yang diserap oleh kereta kecil ini dalam kemalangan, terutamanya dengan kenderaan berat. Kajian ini telah disokong oleh penyiasatan kes-kes kemalangan jalan raya pasukan penyiasatan kemalangan MIROS.

Hasil Kajian• Pembentangan bertajuk “Small Car Crashes in Malaysia” di ROSCON

2010, Kuala Lumpur.

16. SMaLL Car CraSHeS in MaLaYSiaSiti Atiqah Mohd Faudzi, Zarir Hafiz Zulkipli, Aqbal Hafeez Arifin and Mohd Syazwan SolahSmall cars have been popular among road users in Malaysia. There has been a rapid growth of registered small cars not only in Malaysia but also all over the world. Due to its small size, female drivers and also beginner drivers favour them. A lot of car manufacturers are also

eager to manufacture small cars due to the high demand. However, the safety of this car is yet to be explored since lots of crash compatibility issues have been raised from small car crashes. Fatal crash data involving small cars were obtained from MIROS Road Accident Database System (MROADS) and Crash Reconstruction Unit (CRU) database. About 27% of total injured people in all car accidents in Malaysia were small car occupants. Most of the injuries sustained by the occupants were due to the impactual force as a result of the high energy absorbed by the small car during collision especially

when colliding with heavy vehicle. This finding had been supported by real world crash investigation cases done by the Malaysian Institute of Road Safety Research (MIROS) crash investigation team.

Project Output• Presentation entitled “Small Car Crashes in Malaysia” at ROSCON

2010, Kuala Lumpur.

17. SaFetY eFFeCtS oF traFFiC SignaL oPtiMiSation on reD LigHt rUnning anD PotentiaL VeHiCLe ConFLiCt at SignaLiSeD interSeCtion

Norfaizah Mohamad Khaidir, Nusayba Megat Johari, Ramizam Noor Zaman Red light running is one of the critical road safety problems in Malaysia that warrants our attention. According to the 2009 accident data from the Royal Malaysian Police (RMP), a total of 397,330 accidents occur in Malaysia and 1,038 accidents happened at signalised control type intersections. Red light running problems have resulted in 80 motorist fatalities and 908 serious injuries in that year. The objective of this study is to examine the effects on red light compliance as a result of optimising the existing traffic signal operation. A total of six intersections with pre-

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17. KeSan PenaMBaHBaiKan LaMPU iSYarat terHaDaP PerLanggaran LaMPU iSYarat Dan KeBarangKaLian KonFLiK KenDeraan Di PerSiMPangan BerLaMPU iSYarat

Norfaizah Mohamad Khaidir, Nusayba Megat Johari, Ramizam Noor Zaman Perlanggaran lampu merah adalah salah satu isu keselamatan jalan raya yang harus dititikberatkan. Daripada data kemalangan jalan raya PDRM 2009, 397,330 kemalangan telah berlaku dengan 1,038 berlaku di persimpangan berlampu isyarat. Perlanggaran lampu isyarat juga telah mengakibatkan kematian 80 pengguna jalan raya dan kecederaan berat terhadap 908 pengguna jalan raya lagi pada tahun berkenaan. Kajian ini dijalankan bagi menyelidik kesan-kesan penambahbaikan lampu isyarat terhadap kepatuhan pengguna jalan raya kepada lampu isyarat. Sejumlah enam persimpangan di sekitar Selangor dengan ciri-ciri tertentu digunakan bagi kajian ini. Hasil kajian awal mendapati bahawa perlanggaran ini berkait rapat dengan beberapa faktor; waktu, jenis kenderaan, jenis persimpangan, tahap operasi lampu isyarat, dan arah laluan kenderaan.

Hasil Projek• Pembentangan poster bertajuk “Red Light Running: Current Condition

in Malaysia - Preliminary Data Findings” di ROSCON 2010, Kuala Lumpur.

18. KESAN-KESAN PENggUNAAN LOREKAN MEDIAN: ANALISA terHaDaP KeLaJUan Dan KeDUDUKan LateraL KenDeraan; Dan PergeraKan MeMotong

Alvin Poi Wai Hoong, Nusayba Megat Johari Kajian ini dijalankan dengan tujuan menentukan keberkesanan penggunaan lorekan median dalam menurunkan kelajuan kenderaan dan penggunaan lorong di jalan raya empat-lorong di Malaysia. Kajian ini dijalankan dengan cara membuat pemerhatian sebelum dan selepas untuk melihat perbezaan kepada parameter semasa kedua-dua tempoh tersebut. Hasil kajian menunjukkan penggunaan lorekan median ini adalah berkesan dalam mengurangkan kelajuan kenderaan dan mengawal penggunaan lorong. Kelajuan purata kenderaan didapati telah turun sebanyak 3 km/j. Pemandu juga didapati lebih berhati-hati di lorong masing-masing bagi mengelakkan pertembungan dengan kenderaan dari arah bertentangan.

determined criteria in Selangor are included in the study. Initial result shows that red light running has a relationship with several factors; period, vehicle type, intersection type, level of service, and vehicle movement direction.

Project Output• Poster presentation entitled

“Red Light Running: Current Condition in Malaysia - Preliminary Data Findings” at ROSCON 2010, Kuala Lumpur.

18. eFFeCtS oF CentraL HatCHing: an anaLYSiS on VeHiCLe SPeeD, VeHiCLe LateraL PLaCeMent anD oVertaKing ManoeUVreS

Alvin Poi Wai Hoong, Nusayba Megat Johari This study involves determining the effectiveness of central hatching with regard to speed reduction and improvement in lane discipline on a four-lane rural road in Malaysia. This study employed a before and after approach to determine if there are significant changes to both parameters on both periods. The results showed the implementation of central hatching has been effective in reducing vehicle speed as well as lane discipline. The average travel speed of vehicles was found to have significantly reduced by 3 km/h for the after period. A significant reduction in lateral position of vehicles with reference to the median edge line (centerline or central hatching) for the after period suggested that vehicles on the nearside lane travelled closer to the median compared to the before period. It indicates that drivers feel safer staying in their respective lane to avoid collision with the opposing vehicles.

Project Output• Conference paper entitled “The

iRAP Programme: The Safety Effects of Central Hatching” at the 13th REAAA Conference 2009, Incheon, Korea.

• Presentation entitled “The Safety Effects of Central Hatching on Four-lane Rural Road in Malaysia” at ROSCON 2010, Kuala Lumpur.

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Hasil Projek• Kertas persidangan bertajuk

“The iRAP Programme: The Safety Effect of Central Hatching” di 13th REAAA Conference 2009, Incheon, Korea.

• Pembentangan bertajuk “The Safety Effects of Central Hatching on Four-lane Rural Road in Malaysia” di ROSCON 2010, Kuala Lumpur.

19. KeSeraSian PerLanggaran antara KenDeraan ringan Dan Berat Di MaLaYSia: SatU KaJian aWaL

Mohd Huzaifah Muntalip, Mohd Syazwan SolahMenurut rekod polis POL27 dan MROADS, jumlah kemalangan antara kenderaan ringan dan berat di Malaysia semakin meningkat, terutamanya perlanggaran dari belakang. Kajian ini dijalankan untuk memperjelaskan faktor penting yang menyumbang kepada jumlah kematian dan kecederaan yang tinggi yang diakibatkan oleh kemalangan antara kenderaan berat dan kenderaan jenis lain. Selain bertujuan mendapatkan parameter kesesuaian kenderaan seperti nisbah berat, tinggi dan kekerasan kenderaan, analisa data tahap kecederaan juga dilakukan untuk memahami lebih lanjut masalah berkenaan kenderaan berat, terutamanya dalam situasi perlanggaran dari belakang. Objektif terakhir projek ini adalah melaksanakan sistem pemarkahan bintang yang dapat digunakan bagi menilai alat perlindungan belakang kenderaan (RUPD) bagi kenderaan berat.

Hasil Kajian• MIROS Research Report (MRR) - Rear End Crash Compatibility

between Light and Heavy Vehicles in Malaysia: A Preliminary Study.• Pembentangan bertajuk “Development of Star Rating System for

Rear Underrun Protection of Heavy Vehicles in Malaysia” di ICRASH Conference 2010, Washington D.C.

• Pembentangan bertajuk “Rear End Crash Compatibility between Cars and Trucks in Malaysia: A Preliminary Study” di INFATS Conference 2010, Wuhu, China.

19. CraSH CoMPatiBiLitY BetWeen LigHt anD HeaVY VeHiCLeS in MaLaYSia: a PreLiMinarY StUDY

Mohd Huzaifah Muntalip, Mohd Syazwan SolahAccording to police national database (POL27) and MIROS Road Accident Analysis and Database System (MROADS), the number of severe and fatal cases involving heavy and light vehicles in Malaysia is increasing, especially those involving rear-end collision. This project was conducted to establish the most influential factors that contribute to the high level of fatalities and serious injuries arising from crashes involving heavy vehicles and other road users. Besides identifying vehicle compatibility parameters such as mass ratio, geometric height and stiffness, an analysis of light and heavy vehicles accident injury severity data has been performed to understand the current overview of heavy vehicles fleet problems, especially in rear-end collisions. The final aim of this project is to apply a star rating system that can be utilised to new or used heavy vehicles in order to provide an objective assessment of their rear underrun protection device (RUPD) features.

Project Output• MIROS Research Report (MRR) - Rear End Crash Compatibility

between Light and Heavy Vehicles in Malaysia: A Preliminary Study.

• Presentation entitled “Development of Star Rating System for Rear Underrun Protection of Heavy Vehicles in Malaysia” at ICRASH Conference 2010, Washington D.C.

• Presentation entitled “Rear End Crash Compatibility between Cars and Trucks in Malaysia: A Preliminary Study” at INFATS Conference 2010, Wuhu, China.

20. MoDeLLing oF traFFiC aCCiDent riSK on PUtraJaYa netWorK

Ho Jen Sim, Syed Tajul Malik The Putrajaya authority has embarked on an ambitious safe system or also known as Putrajaya Zero Fatalities Vision and explicit goal on 70:30 for public transport and private vehicles share in the core precincts. Various studies were conducted to understand the underlying factors influencing the mode choices and willingness to shift to public transportation under different intervention measures. This study is to close the gap by exploring the risk of accidents and travel demand on different modes. One of the actions proposed for this study is to use the software Transport Planning Model EMME/3 to model the accident

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20. MoDeL riSiKo KeMaLangan JaLan raYa Di Jaringan PUtraJaYaHo Jen Sim, Syed Tajul Malik Pihak berwajib Putrajaya telah menjalankan Visi Sifar Kemalangan Maut untuk Putrajaya dan sasaran mendapatkan nisbah 70:30 bagi penggunaan pengangkutan awam oleh penduduk Putrajaya. Beberapa penyelidikan juga dijalankan dengan langkah intervensi yang berbeza bagi memahami faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pemilihan cara pengangkutan dan juga kesediaan menggunakan pengangkutan awam. Kajian ini bertujuan merapatkan jurang dengan merintis risiko kemalangan dan permintaan perjalanan terhadap pilihan yang berbeza-beza. Penggunaan perisian Model Perancangan Pengangkutan EMME/3 merupakan tindakan yang dicadangkan untuk membangunkan model risiko kemalangan di rangkaian Putrajaya. Ia berupaya membuat simulasi bagi tugas pelbagai modal berintegrasi, pergerakan atau pendedahan terhadap setiap hubungan di dalam rangkaian tersebut. Dengan pembangunan model asas, sesuatu polisi atau senario yang berbeza dapat diuji di bawah pelbagai langkah intervensi. Polisi yang paling berkesan dapat dikenalpasti untuk penambahbaik sistem pengangkutan di sini.

Hasil Projek• Poster persidangan bertajuk “Estimating Travel Demand in Putrajaya”.

21. MUtU KeHiDUPan Dan CoraK KeMBaLi Ke teMPat KerJa MangSa KeMaLangan JaLan raYa Di KaWaSan BanDar

Ilhamah Othman, Wahida Ameer Batcha, Norlen Mohamed Kajian ini bertujuan mengenalpasti kesan kecederaan kemalangan jalan raya terhadap kesihatan dan tahap pekerjaan mangsa kemalangan jalan raya. Kajian ini secara khususnya menentukan kualiti hidup di kawasan bandar, dan menghasilkan satu model ramalan statistik dan corak kembali ke tempat kerja mereka. Kajian ini adalah satu kajian rentas yang membandingkan dua kumpulan pekerja yang terdiri daripada 150 orang yang pernah terlibat dalam kemalangan dan 50 orang yang bukan mangsa kemalangan. Hasil kajian yang dijangka adalah 90% responden kembali bekerja, 80% daripada mereka bekerja di tempat sama manakala selebihnya bertukar tempat kerja. Kajian ini juga menjangka mutu hidup mangsa kemalangan jalan raya adalah lebih rendah daripada mereka yang bukan mangsa kemalangan. Menerusi hasil kajian, satu model statistik kembali ke tempat kerja akan dibangunkan dan disasarkan untuk SOCSO

risk on Putrajaya network system. It is able to simulate the integrated multimodal assignment, the mobility or exposure on each link on the network. Different scenarios under various intervention measures or policy testing can be tested with the development of base model. Hence, based on the results from the models, the most effective policy can be identified for the improvement of transportation system in that area.

Project Output• Conference poster entitled “Estimating Travel Demand in Putrajaya”.

21. QUaLitY oF LiFe anD retUrn to WorK Pattern aMong roaD traFFiC inJUrY SUrViVorS in UrBan area

Ilhamah Othman, Wahida Ameer Batcha, Norlen Mohamed The aim of the study is to describe the impact of road traffic injury on individual health and working status among working population. The study specifically would like to determine the quality of life among road traffic injury survivors in urban area, return to work pattern and to develop a statistical prediction model for return to work. The study is a comparative cross-sectional study consists of two groups of working population which 150 survived in road traffic crashes and 50 were never involved in crashes. Expected results are 90% of respondents return to their work and 80% of them are back to their previous work while 20% are getting new jobs. This study also predicts that the quality of life scores for road traffic injury survivors are significantly lower than those who were not involved in road crashes. Based on the findings, a

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di masa hadapan. Kajian ini akan memberi tumpuan terhadap beberapa isu penting yang boleh memberi kesan terhadap program intervensi pihak berkuasa.

Hasil Kajian• Pembentangan bertajuk “Quality of Life and Return to Work Pattern

among Road Traffic Injury Survivors in Urban Area” di ROSCON 2010, Kuala Lumpur.

22. PeMBangUnan Cara PeniLaian Bagi MenentUKan KePatUHan PengenDaLi BaS PenUMPang terHaDaP SHe CoP

Fuad Abas, Mohd Rasid Osman, Mohamad Suffian Ahmad Satu cara penilaian telah direka untuk pengendali bas penumpang dalam bentuk senarai semak yang merangkumi tujuh unsur sistem pengurusan keselamatan. Ia merangkumi polisi keselamatan, organisasi, pelan dan pelaksanaan, penilaian dan tindakan dan komitmen bahagian pentadbiran. Satu mesyuarat dengan pihak terlibat diadakan bagi mendapatkan maklumbalas mereka. Senarai semak ini kemudiannya diperhalusi dengan cara mengambil kira pandangan mereka. Langkah terakhir proses ini adalah memeriksa dan melaraskan penilaian ini dengan sebuah syarikat bas yang mempunyai reputasi tinggi. Seterusnya senarai semak ini boleh dipanjangkan kepada pengendali-pengendali bas ekspres yang lain. Proses ini dijangka siap pada penghujung Jun 2011. Ketika ini, satu senarai semak yang telah diperhalusi telah diperolehi dan sedia untuk diuji.

statistical model for return to work will be developed and is targeting to be used by SOCSO in the future. This study will highlight a few key areas of concern that could give potential implications on targeted interventions by the enforcement officers and relevant stakeholders.

Project Output• Presentation entitled “Quality of Life and Return to Work Pattern

among Road Traffic Injury Survivors in Urban Area” at ROSCON 2010, Kuala Lumpur.

22. DeVeLoPMent oF an aSSeSSMent tooL For DeterMining SHe CoP CoMPLianCe BY BUS oPeratorS

Fuad Abas, Mohd Rasid Osman, Mohamad Suffian Ahmad An assessment tool for bus operators in the form of a checklist, which accommodates the seven elements of a safety management system was developed. The elements are: safety policy, organisation, planning and implementation, evaluation and action, performance index, on the road observation, and leadership commitment. Weightage in the form of mark distribution was established. A meeting with stakeholders was later held in order to obtain their views and feedback. Based on these feedbacks, the checklist was refined. The last stage of the work is to calibrate the tool against a reliable and credible bus company. The checklist can then be further extended to other express bus operators. The work is expected to end by the end of June 2011. At this stage, a refined checklist has been obtained and ready to be tested.

23. DeVeLoPMent oF MetHoDoLogY For ConDUCting VirtUaL CoaCH roLLoVer SiMULation aCCorDing to UneCe r66

Mohd Khairudin Rahman, Mohd Hafiz Johari Bus rollover crashes have claimed many lives and injured even more victims. The rare occurrence of the crash as compared to other

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23. PeMBangUnan KaeDaH KaJian SiMULaSi MaYa BaS Yang terBaLiK MenUrUt UneCe r66

Mohd Khairudin Rahman, Mohd Hafiz Johari Kemalangan bas yang terbalik telah meragut banyak nyawa dan mencederakan lebih ramai lagi mangsa. Walaupun kemalangan jenis ini kurang berlaku berbanding dengan kemalangan jenis lain seperti kemalangan berhadapan dan sisi, nisbah kematian dan kecederaan yang berpunca darinya adalah sangat tinggi dan di Malaysia, telah banyak kemalangan bas yang terbalik berprofil tinggi telah berlaku. Oleh demikian, ECE R66 yang telah diguna pakai di Malaysia sejak 2007 adalah bertujuan mengelakkan akibat yang teruk apabila kemalangan bas terbalik berlaku. Objektif umum kajian ini adalah untuk mereka bentuk dan membangunkan satu kaedah kajian bagi membuat simulasi kemalangan bas terbalik secara maya yang menuruti piawai UNECE R66.

Hasil Kajian• Pembentangan bertajuk “Simulation of Critical Components in Bus

Rollover Simulation” di ROSCON 2010, Kuala Lumpur.

24. PeMBangUnan MoDeL KeMaLangan MeLiBatKan PeJaLan KaKi Di JaLan PerBanDaran Di negeri SeLangor, MaLaYSia

Ramizam Noor Zaman, Norfaizah Mohamad Khaidir, Rohayu Sarani Data Polis Diraja Malaysia tahun 2007–2009 mendedahkan yang majoriti kemalangan melibatkan pejalan kaki berlaku di jalan perbandaran kawasan-kawasan perniagaan Selangor. Kajian ini dijalankan bertujuan mencari parameter yang menyumbang terhadap keselamatan pejalan kaki di jalan raya perbandaran di Selangor menggunakan teknik konflik lalulintas. 93 tapak kajian di daerah-daerah Hulu Langat, Gombak, Petaling Jaya, Shah Alam dan Klang telah dikenalpasti dan digunapakai. Kajian lapangan dan rakaman video dijalankan dalam mengumpul data di kesemua tapak kajian. Model statistik berdasarkan taburan binomial negatif dibangunkan untuk mendapatkan hubungkait di antara jumlah keseluruhan konflik jalan raya, kejuruteraan jalan raya dan faktor persekitaran. Hasil kajian mendapati yang pembolehubah yang memberi kesan yang besar (p>0.05) adalah jumlah lalulintas, bilangan pejalan kaki dan jenis jalan.

type of crashes such as full frontal and side impact crashes has underrepresented the fatality caused in rollover crashes. In Malaysia, there have been several high profile cases involving bus rollover crashes. Adopted in 2007, ECE (Economic Commission for Europe) R66 is in force in Malaysia to prevent disastrous consequences as a result of a bus rollover crash. The general objective of the research is to design and develop a standard methodology in conducting virtual rollover simulations according to UNECE (United Nations Economic Commission for Europe) R66.

Project Output• Presentation entitled “Simulation of Critical Components in Bus

Rollover Simulation” at ROSCON 2010, Kuala Lumpur.

24. DeVeLoPMent oF PeDeStrian CraSH PreDiCtion MoDeL on MUniCiPaL roaD in SeLangor, MaLaYSia

Ramizam Noor Zaman, Norfaizah Mohamad Khaidir, Rohayu Sarani Data from the Royal Malaysian Police for three years (2007–2009) reveals that majority of pedestrian crashes took place within the commercial area along municipal road in Selangor. This study aims to find out the important parameter(s) that contribute to pedestrian safety on municipal road in Selangor, Malaysia by employing traffic conflict technique. To achieve the objective, a total of 93 sites have been identified and surveyed located within the districts of Hulu Langat, Gombak, Petaling Jaya, Shah Alam and Klang. Site observation and video recording were adopted for data collection for all the study sites. A statistical model based on the negative binomial distributions was developed to achieve the relationship between the total conflict counts and the road engineering and the environment factors. The variables with significant (p>0.05) were vehicles volume, pedestrian volume crossing and type of carriageway.

Project Output• Presentation entitled “Pedestrian Safety on Municipal Road in

Selangor, Malaysia: What are the Factors that Affect Pedestrian Safety” at ROSCON 2010, Kuala Lumpur.

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Hasil Projek• Pembentangan bertajuk “Pedestrian Safety on Municipal Road in

Selangor, Malaysia: What are the Factors that Affect Pedestrian Safety” di ROSCON 2010, Kuala Lumpur.

25. PeMBangUnan SiSteM PeMarKaHan UntUK SeKoLaH SeKoLaH MeManDU Di MaLaYSia

Mohd Rasid Osman, Fuad Abas, Abdullah, Zulhaidi Mohd Jawi@ Said, Mohd Khairul Alhapiz Ibrahim, Noradrenalina Isah, Mohd Khairudin Rahman, Mohd Suffian Ahmad, Nor Fadilah Soid Projek ini adalah sebahagian dari kajian yang mendalam terhadap latihan pemanduan dan perlesenan. Beberapa kajian sedia ada menyatakan bahawa penilaian terhadap sekolah-sekolah memandu adalah sebahagian dari latihan memandu dan perlesenan. Sebagai sebahagian daripada usaha menaiktaraf kemahiran pemandu baru, kerajaan menetapkan dalam tahun 2007 bahawa sekolah-sekolah memandu akan diberi gred yang akan memberi kesan terhadap pembaharuan permit operasi mereka. Setelah sistem penggredan ini berjalan, pembaharuan permit tidak akan dilakukan secara automatik. Ini dapat meningkatkan tahap latihan pemanduan supaya dapat melahirkan pemandu yang selamat dan dapat mengurangkan kemalangan jalan raya yang melibatkan pemandu novis. Hasil projek ini akan membantu JPJ mengawalselia operasi sekolah memandu ini dan menggalakkan mereka mengubah sasaran daripada sekadar melatih sebanyak mungkin pemandu novis kepada melahirkan pemandu yang selamat. Dalam jangka masa panjang ia dapat mengurangkan kemalangan yang disebabkan pemanduan yang tidak selamat.

26. PENAMBAHBAIKAN SISTEM KENDERAAN BERINSTRUMEN (ICSE)Azli Abu Zarim, Ahmad Azad Ab Rashid, Abdullah Sukardi, Mohd Firdaus Mohd SiamKesulitan dalam mengkaji bidang keselamatan jalan raya, terutamanya bidang tabiat pengguna jalan raya, memerlukan penggunaan kenderaan berinstrumen yang membolehkan pengumpulan data secara objektif, tidak

25. DeVeLoPMent oF graDing SYSteM For DriVing inStitUteS in MaLaYSia

Mohd Rasid Osman, Fuad Abas, Abdullah, Zulhaidi Mohd Jawi@ Said, Mohd Khairul Alhapiz Ibrahim, Noradrenalina Isah, Mohd Khairudin Rahman, Mohd Suffian Ahmad, Nor Fadilah Soid This project is part of the main research area of driver education and licensing. As highlighted in some literature, grading of driving institutes is part of the overall driver education and licensing. In an attempt to upgrade the standard of training new drivers, in 2007 the government decided that driving institutes will be subjected to a grading system which will have a bearing on the renewal of permits of driving institutes. Renewals will no longer be automatic once the grading system is in place. The aim of the grading system is to increase the quality of driver training so that learners will become safe drivers and will subsequently reduce the number of accidents involving novice drivers. The outcome of this research work will help the regulatory body like JPJ to regulate the practices of the driving institutes and encourage them to shift their paradigm from producing as many novice drivers as possible to producing safe drivers. In the long run this will reduce the number of road accidents due to unsafe driving behaviours.

26. inStrUMenteD Car SYSteM ENHANCEMENT (ICSE)

Azli Abu Zarim, Ahmad Azad Ab Rashid, Abdullah Sukardi, Mohd Firdaus Mohd SiamThe complexity of road safety problems, particularly road user behaviours, has required the use of an instrumented vehicle due to its ability to provide continuous, natural and more objective data. In mid-February 2007, MIROS has developed an instrumented car comprising of five sub-systems – data acquisition system, video capturing system, vehicle positioning system, data storage and management system, power management system. After some applications and usage, some possible opportunities for upgrade and problems have been identified. A project named Instrumented Car System Enhancement (ICSE) was established in January 2010, to upgrade the first instrumented car in three areas: robustness, relevance and restoration. The project aims not only to make the instrumented car able to withstand situations

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mengganggu dan berterusan. Pada pertengahan Februari 2007, MIROS telah membangunkan sebuah kereta berinstrumen dengan sistem pengumpulan data, sistem rakaman video, penyimpanan dan pengurusan data; sistem posisi kenderaan dan sistem pengurusan tenaga. Setelah digunakan, beberapa penambahbaikan dan masalah telah dikenal pasti. Projek seperti tajuk di atas dimulakan pada Januari 2010 untuk menambahbaikan tiga ciri-ciri kenderaan ini; kekukuhan, kerelevanan dan pembaikpulihan. Projek ini bukan hanya bertujuan memastikan kenderaan ini mampu berfungsi dalam situasi yang membebankan, malah supaya ianya tidak cepat lusuh melalui penggunaan pelbagai jenis penyelidikan

dan sudut. Objektif terakhir adalah untuk mengaktifkan semula sistem pengumpulan data kenderaan yang telah rosak.

Hasil Kajian• Kenderaan Berinstrumen MIROS 01 dengan sistem yang dinaiktaraf (IC01)• Laporan Pembangunan ICSE • MER: ICSE Temperature Test Report• Manual pengguna ICSE• Pembentangan bertajuk “Challenges and Progress: Transforming

an Ordinary Vehicle into an Extraordinary Research Instrument” di ROSCON 2010, Kuala Lumpur.

27. PENgURUSAN PASCA-KEMALANgAN: PERKHIDMATAN BANTUAN KeCeMaSan Dan PeMULiHan DariPaDa PengaLaMan MangSa KeMaLangan JaLan raYa Di LeMBaH KeLang

Wahida Ameer Batcha, Ilhamah Othman, Mohamad Suffian Ahmad, Norlen MohamedSejurus selepas sesuatu kemalangan berlaku, bantuan kecemasan yang diberikan serta-merta di tempat kejadian sebelum ketibaan petugas keselamatan adalah penting. Ini disebabkan ketibaan petugas kecemasan memerlukan masa dan bantuan ringkas yang diberikan secara serta-merta oleh orang awam mampu menyelamatkan nyawa. Selain daripada penjagaan sebelum rawatan di hospital, penjagaan selepas rawatan perubatan di hospital juga merupakan intervensi keselamatan jalan

that may affect its function, but also to ensure its function is not severely affected by wear by retaining its applicability for various research types, interests and scopes. The last objective of the project addresses the re-establishment of the malfunctioning data acquisition system of the first instrumented car.

Project Output• MIROS Instrumented Car 01 with enhanced

system (IC01)• ICSE Development Report• MER: ICSE Temperature Test Report• ICSE User Manual• Presentation entitled “Challenges and

Progress: Transforming an Ordinary Vehicle Into an Extraordinary Research Instrument” at ROSCON 2010, Kuala Lumpur.

27. POST-CRASH MANAgEMENT: EMERgENCY ASSISTANCE AND reHaBiLitation SerViCeS FroM exPerienCe oF roaD traFFiC inJUrY SUrViVorS in tHe KLang VaLLeY

Wahida Ameer Batcha, Ilhamah Othman, Mohamad Suffian Ahmad, Norlen MohamedImmediately after a crash occurred, early emergency assistance on site is very crucial before the arrival of an emergency response team. This is because in many cases, simple first aid interventions applied immediately by a bystander may save lives when there is a delay in treatment by an emergency response team. Beside pre-hospital care, post trauma care is also an important intervention of road safety. Post trauma care in the form of rehabilitation service could be delivered to traffic injury survivors to regain the functional status of the injured person. This study was initiated to achieve the following goals; to determine the availability and characteristics of emergency assistance received by traffic injury survivors at the crash site, and to determine the factors associated with accessibility to rehabilitation services for traffic injury survivors.

Project Output• Presentation entitled “Post-crash Management: Emergency Assistance

and Rehabilitation Services from Experience of Road Traffic Injury Survivors in Klang Valley” at ROSCON 2010, Kuala Lumpur.

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raya yang penting. Penjagaan selepas rawatan hospital dalam bentuk perkhidmatan pemulihan boleh diberikan kepada mangsa kemalangan untuk memperolehi semula status fungsional seseorang. Objektif kajian ini adalah; menentukan ciri-ciri dan adanya bantuan kecemasan kepada mangsa kemalangan jalan raya di tempat kejadian, dan mengenalpasti faktor-faktor adanya khidmat kecemasan terhadap mangsa kemalangan.

Hasil Kajian• Pembentangan bertajuk “Post-crash Management: Emergency Assistance

and Rehabilitation Services from Experience of Road Traffic Injury Survivors in Klang Valley” di ROSCON 2010, Kuala Lumpur.

28. PENILAIAN AMALAN SHE COP OLEH PENgENDALI-PENgENDALI BaS eKSPreS

Mohd Rasid Osman, Fuad Abas, Noor Faradila Paiman, Mohamad Suffian Ahmad, Zarir Hafiz Zulkipli, Wahida Ameer Batcha, Ilhamah Othman, Siti Atiqah Mohd Faudzi, Mohd Sahrul Noh SHE COP telah diperkenalkan kerajaan sebagai satu program intervensi keselamatan jalan raya yang boleh diguna pakai pengendali bas-bas ekspres untuk meningkatkan keselamatan dan kesihatan di tempat kerja. Satu kajian dijalankan untuk mengenalpasti keberkesanan SHE COP oleh pengendali bas ekspres tertentu semasa perayaan Tahun Baru Cina dan Hari Raya Aidilfitri. Objektif kajian ini adalah: (1) menilai tahap pelaksanaan SHE COP berdasarkan beberapa aspek-aspeknya; (2) menilai profail kelajuan bas-bas yang dipantau; dan (3) menilai kemudahan-kemudahan yang disediakan di terminal-terminal bas.

Hasil Kajian• Pembentangan bertajuk “Safety Practices of a Bus Operator Practicing

One Man Operation During Festive Season” di IE&EM 17th 2010 International Conference, Xiamen, China.

28. eVaLUation oF SHe CoP PraCtiCeS aMong exPreSS BUS oPeratorS

Mohd Rasid Osman, Fuad Abas, Noor Faradila Paiman, Mohamad Suffian Ahmad, Zarir Hafiz Zulkipli, Wahida Ameer Batcha, Ilhamah Othman, Siti Atiqah Mohd Faudzi, Mohd Sahrul Noh SHE COP has been introduced by the government as one of the road safety intervention programmes to guide bus operators to implement safety and health in their work environment. This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of SHE COP among selected bus operators during Chinese New Year and Aidilfitri celebrations. The objectives of the study are: (1) to evaluate the level of implementation of SHE COP based on selected SHE Elements; (2) to evaluate the speed profile of the observed buses; and (3) to assess facilities and services provided at bus terminals.

Project Output• Presentation entitled “Safety Practices of a Bus Operator

Practicing One Man Operation During Festive Season” at the IE&EM 17th 2010 International Conference, Xiamen, China

• Presentation entitled “Safety Practices among Bus Operators during Wee Hour Operations” at the International Conference on Transportation and Logistic Engineering, Venice

29. eVaLUation on SeLeCteD eLeMentS oF SHe CoP PraCtiCeS aMong exPreSS BUS oPeratorS anD DRIVERS-A COMPARATIVE STUDY

Mohamad Suffian Ahmad, Wahida Ameer Batcha, Siti Atiqah Mohd FaudziAccidents involving commercial buses in Malaysia have increased from 2002 to 2007. In 2007, the number of fatalities was 341 compared to 242 in 2002. For 2008 and 2009 the total number of casualties was 6,274. The percentage of fatalities against casualties has increased from 16% in 2002 to 26% in 2007. An evaluation study conducted on commercial bus drivers during the 2009 Ops Bersepadu Raya showed that they committed certain inappropriate driving behaviours (IDB); which are speeding, tailgating, sudden braking, the use of hand phone while driving and also

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• Pembentangan bertajuk “Safety Practices among Bus Operators during Wee Hour Operations” di International Conference on Transportation and Logistic Engineering, Venice.

29. PeniLaian BeBeraPa eLeMen aMaLan SHe CoP oLeH PENgUSAHA DAN PEMANDU BAS EKSPRES – SATU KAJIAN PerBanDingan

Mohamad Suffian Ahmad, Wahida Ameer Batcha, Siti Atiqah Mohd FaudziKemalangan di jalan raya Malaysia telah meningkat dari 242 ke 341 pada tahun 2002 ke 2007. Dalam tahun 2008 dan 2009, jumlah kecederaan adalah 6,274. Peratusan kematian juga telah meningkat dari 16% pada 2002 kepada 26% pada 2007. Satu pemerhatian terhadap pemandu bas komersial semasa Ops Bersepadu Raya 2009 menunjukkan bahawa pemandu ini melakukan perlakuan memandu berbahaya (IDB) seperti memecut, mengekor rapat kenderaan di hadapan, menggunakan telefon bimbit dan merokok yang akan meningkatkan risiko kemalangan. Pemandu mungkin tidak mengetahui bahawa IDB ini adalah berbahaya, malahan lebih memburukkan keadaan lagi, ia telah menjadi tabiat mereka, yang menggolongkan mereka dalam kumpulan pemandu berisiko tinggi. Jadi, kajian ini sangat penting bagi memahami IDB ini. Ia bertujuan membandingkan IDB dan profail kelajuan melalui pemerhatian secara terbuka dan juga terselindung. Perbezaan dijangka dapat diperhatikan daripada hasil kajian melalui pemerhatian sulit dan terbuka. Di akhir kajian ini, beberapa cadangan bagi meningkatkan mutu pengurusan pemandu diberi.

30. PeniLaian PreStaSi toPi KeLeDar Dan KeCeDeraan KePaLa DaLaM PerLanggaran MotoSiKaL

Azhar Hamzah, Abdul Rahmat Abd Manaf, Mohamed Alwi Abdul Rahman, Safina Mohamed, Iskandar Abdul Hamid, Fadhli Mohd Yusoff.Kajian mendalam terhadap perlanggaran motosikal dan prestasi keselamatan topi keledar di Malaysia adalah sangat tidak mencukupi. Sistem Pangkalan Data Kemalangan Jalan Raya Malaysia (MROADS) yang dibangunkan berdasarkan rekod-rekod penyiasatan polis (POL27) tidak dilengkapi maklumat penting seperti taburan kecederaan dan objek yang dilanggar. Bukti objektif dalam membuat penilaian ketahanan topi keledar yang diperolehi dari kajian sebenar juga adalah sangat sedikit. Selain daripada ujian piawai MS1:1996 bagi topi keledar (ujian penembusan),

smoking. Certain IDB can result in the increase in accident risks. Drivers may not be aware that these behaviours are hazardous. Worse, these behaviours have become a habit, making the drivers a high-risk driver group. Thus, this is an important study because IDB could be addressed. Its objective is to compare IDB and speed profiles of express buses with overt and covert observations and it is expected to show deference between overt and covert observations. At the end of this study some recommendations are made to improve driver management.

30. eVaLUating HeLMet PerForManCe anD HeaD inJUrY in MotorCYCLe CraSHeS

Azhar Hamzah, Abdul Rahmat Abd Manaf, Mohamed Alwi Abdul Rahman, Safina Mohamed, Iskandar Abdul Hamid, Fadhli Mohd Yusoff.In-depth study and evidence of motorcycle crashes and helmet safety performance in Malaysia is scarcely available. The Malaysian Road Accident Database System (MROADS) which originated from police records (POL27) lacks elements such as damage distribution, and object impacted/struck. Objective evidence to evaluate the adequacy of helmet in resisting penetrating objects and concentrated loads with respect to real world cases are very limited. Other than the requirement in helmet standards MS1:1996 (penetration test), association of this compliance to real world cases is not well established. Injury or fatalities resulting from such incidences are also unknown. In other words, the extent to which helmet users are protected against such threats basically needs to be determined and is worth further exploration. Finally, this project will also try to explore more in-depth studies in order to identify and determine the characteristics and contributory factors of motorcycle crashes.

Project Output• Presentation entitled “Degradation of Helmet Protective Performance:

An Overview” at the International Crashworthiness Conference 2010, Washington, USA.

• Article entitled “Jangan Abaikan Topi Keledar Anda, Gunakannya”, in AUTO TOUCH magazine, May 2010.

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kaitan antara ujian ini dengan kemalangan sebenar juga belum pernah dikaji. Kecederaan ataupun kematian yang berpunca daripada kejadian seperti ini juga tidak diketahui sepenuhnya. Kesimpulannya, tahap keselamatan yang diberikan topi keledar kepada pemakai perlu ditentukan satu kajian secara menyeluruh. Akhir sekali, projek ini akan menerokai lebih banyak kajian mendalam bagi mengenalpasti sifat dan faktor yang mengakibatkan kemalangan motosikal.

Hasil Kajian• Pembentangan bertajuk “Degradation of

Helmet Protective Performance: An Overview” at the International Crashworthiness Conference 2010, Washington, USA.

• Artikel bertajuk “Jangan Abaikan Topi Keledar Anda, Gunakannya”, majalah AUTO TOUCH, Mei 2010.

31. PeniLaian PrograM PengaWaLan KeLaJUan LaLULintaS Di PERSEKITARAN SEKOLAH-SEKOLAH DI MALAYSIA

Muhammad Marizwan Abd Manan, Alvin Poi Wai Hoong, Ahmad Azad Abd Rashid Keselamatan pelajar-pelajar sekolah yang berjalan dari dan ke sekolah adalah merupakan salah satu isu utama terhadap ibubapa, guru-guru dan pihak berkuasa di Malaysia. Kajian perlu dijalankan untuk menilai keberkesanan pengawalan kelajuan lalulintas yang telah digunapakai di sekitar sekolah-sekolah di Malaysia. Apabila proses ini selesai dengan jayanya, kajian yang seterusnya adalah untuk mengetahui sama ada prestasi pengawalan kelajuan lalulintas yang sedia ada berada di peringkat yang diharapkan dan yang dijangkakan. Objektif utama projek ini adalah untuk memperlihatkan prestasi pengawalan kelajuan lalulintas yang sedia ada di sekitar sekolah-sekolah di Malaysia.

Hasil Projek• MIROS Research Report (MRR) 08/2008 Development and Evaluation

of Traffic Calming Scheme in the Vicinity of Schools in Malaysia: Site Selection Process, diterbitkan oleh MIROS.

31. eVaLUation oF traFFiC CaLMing SCHeMe aroUnD tHe ViCinitY oF SCHooLS in MaLaYSia

Muhammad Marizwan Abd Manan, Alvin Poi Wai Hoong, Ahmad Azad Abd Rashid The safety of school children walking to and from schools are a major concern to parents, teachers, schools, public works, law enforcement and the general community. However, before progressing with any new or innovative traffic calming measures, a study must be done focusing at evaluating the existing traffic calming scheme around the vicinity of schools in Malaysia. When this process is completed successfully, we can investigate whether the present scheme has performed at the intended and expected level. The main objective of this project is to reveal the performance

of the existing traffic calming schemes around the vicinity of schools in Malaysia.

Project Output• MIROS Research Report (MRR) 08/2008 Development and

Evaluation of Traffic Calming Scheme in the Vicinity of Schools in Malaysia: Site Selection Process, published by MIROS.

• MIROS Evaluation Report (MER) 11/2009Traffic Calming Scheme Around the Vicinity of Schools – A Survey in the Klang Valley, Malaysia, published by MIROS.

• Presentation entitled “Factors Influencing Compliancy Towards School Zone Speed Limit at Traffic Calmed School Areas”, during ROSCON 2010, Kuala Lumpur.

32. MoDeLing tHe reLationSHiP BetWeen MotorCYCLe aCCiDentS anD LanD USe

Azzuhana Roslan, Rohayu Sarani, Sharifah Allyana Syed Mohamed Rahim According to the theory of urban safety management, land use is one of the policies used to prevent and reduce road accidents. Different types of land use activities generate and attract different number of trips and traffic, which in turn have the potential to cause road accidents. Klang District has been selected as the study area. This project intends to investigate the relationship between land use type

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• MIROS Evaluation Report (MER) 11/2009 Traffic Calming Scheme Around the Vicinity of Schools – A Survey in the Klang Valley, Malaysia, diterbitkan oleh MIROS.

• Pembentangan bertajuk “Factors Influencing Compliancy Towards School Zone Speed Limit at Traffic Calmed School Areas” di ROSCON 2010, Kuala Lumpur.

32. PerMoDeLan HUBUngKait antara KeMaLangan MotoSiKaL Dan PenggUnaan tanaH

Azzuhana Roslan, Rohayu Sarani, Sharifah Allyana Syed Mohamed Rahim Menurut teori pengurusan keselamatan bandar, penggunaan tanah adalah salah satu aspek yang dititikberatkan dalam pencegahan dan pengurangan kemalangan jalan raya. Projek ini dijalankan dengan tujuan mengkaji kesesuaian pembolehubah penggunaan tanah dalam meramalkan jumlah kemalangan motosikal di Malaysia. Untuk projek ini daerah Klang telah dipilih sebagai kawasan kajian. Projek ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa hubungkait di antara jenis penggunaan tanah dengan data kematian di Klang dan juga kecederaan yang serius (m-KSI). Hasil kajian ini adalah berdasarkan penggunaan teknik analisa ruang GIS dan

Model Linear Umum (GLM) menggunakan jumlah kemalangan motosikal sebagai pembolehubah bertindak balas; dan penggunaan tanah utama, jarak jalan dan jumlah lalulintas sebagai pembolehubah yang dimanipulasi.

Hasil Projek• Pembentangan bertajuk “Modeling Land Use-Motorcycle Accidents:

Methodology and Data Collection” di ROSCON 2010, Kuala Lumpur.• Pembentangan bertajuk “Land Use-Motorcycle Accidents Modeling:

Pre Findings Analysis” di Persidangan Map Malaysia 2011, Sabah.

and motorcycle accidents with primary focus on motorcycle kill and serious injuries (m-KSI) data. Final finding will base on output from Geographic Information System (GIS) spatial analysis technique and statistical method using Generalised Linear Model (GLM) with a set of variables (traffic volume, number of m-KSI and land use).

Project Output• Presentation entitled “Modeling Land Use-Motorcycle Accidents:

Methodology and Data Collection” at ROSCON 2010, Kuala Lumpur.• Presentation entitled “Land Use-Motorcycle Accidents Modeling:

Pre Findings Analysis” at Map Malaysia 2011, Sabah.

33. ProViSionaL CraSe CraSH CENTRE (PC3) – CRASE

Khairil Anwar Abu Kassim, Noor Faradila Paiman, Aqbal Hafeez Arifin, Mohd Khairudin Rahman, Mohd Syazwan Solah, Zulhaidi Mohd Jawi @ Said, Azhar Hamzah, Mohd Hafzi Md Isa, Yahaya Ahmad The idea of MIROS having its own crash centre has been discussed since the establishment of the Crash Safety Engineering Unit (CRASE), VSB in 2008. The crash centre is visualised to support research related to crashworthiness, and will be the first of its kind in South East Asia. After considering all factors and aspects, the JPJ Academy’s land in Bukit Katil Melaka has been selected for this crash centre site. This consequently will also enhance the relationship between JPJ and MIROS. In future, MIROS wishes to have a state-of-art crash centre.

Project Output• Motorcycle Crash Test• 1st Outdoor Crash Test• Educational/ Promotional Videos

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34. riSK taKing BeHaVioUrS oF MaLaYSian MotorCYCLiStS: a CaSe StUDY in KLang VaLLeY, SeLangor

Siti Maryam Md Nor, Mohd Khairul AlHapiz Ibrahim, Mohd Faudzi Mohd YusoffMotorcyclists are amongst the highest risk group in traffic, contributing to 4,067 (60%) accident fatalities in Malaysia in 2009. Risk taking behaviour is widely believed to contribute to motorcycle crashes. A questionnaire was distributed among 540 motorcyclists in vicinity of Klang valley in the state of Selangor to study their risk taking behaviour.

It was found out that the level of risk taking behaviour of motorcyclists in Klang valleys is related to age, gender and income level. Teenagers, male motorcyclists and those in lower-income bracket were found to have greater inclination to engage in such behaviours as compared to other age groups. The implications on road safety countermeasure are discussed therein.

Project Output• MIROS Research Report (MRR) - Risk Taking Behaviours of

Malaysian Motorcyclists: A Case Study in Klang Valley Selangor.• Presentation entitled “Risk Taking Behaviors of Malaysian

Motorcyclists: A Case Study in Klang Valley Selangor” at ROSCON 2010, Kuala Lumpur.

33. PUSAT UJIAN AWALAN PERLANggARAN CRASE (PC3)Khairil Anwar Abu Kassim, Noor Faradila Paiman, Aqbal Hafeez Arifin, Mohd Khairudin Rahman, Mohd Syazwan Solah, Zulhaidi Mohd Jawi @ Said, Azhar Hamzah, Mohd Hafzi Md Isa, Yahaya Ahmad Idea untuk MIROS mewujudkan sebuah pusat ujian perlanggaran telah dibincangkan sejak penubuhan Unit Kejuruteraan Keselamatan Perlanggaran (CRASE) di bawah VSB pada 2008. Pusat kajian ini digambarkan berfungsi sebagai sebahagian daripada usaha penyelidikan terhadap perlanggaran, dan bakal menjadi makmal pertama seumpamanya di Asia Tenggara. Projek ini juga diharapkan dapat meningkatkan lagi kerjasama antara MIROS dan JPJ. MIROS berharap untuk memiliki sebuah pusat ujian perlanggaran yang lebih lengkap dan moden di masa hadapan.

Hasil Kajian• Ujian perlanggaran motosikal• Ujian perlanggaran terbuka pertama • Video promosi/pendidikan

34. taBiat PenUnggangan BeriSiKo oLeH PenUnggang MotoSiKaL Di MaLaYSia: SatU KaJian KeS Di LeMBaH KeLang, SeLangor

Siti Maryam Md Nor, Mohd Khairul AlHapiz Ibrahim, Mohd Faudzi Mohd YusoffPenunggang motosikal adalah pengguna paling berisiko di jalan raya dengan sejumlah 4,067 (60%) kematian di Malaysia pada 2009. Penunggangan berisiko dipercayai menyumbang kepada kemalangan motosikal. Satu kaji selidik telah disebarkan kepada 450 penunggang motosikal di Lembah Kelang untuk mengkaji penunggangan berisiko ini. Umur, jantina dan taraf kewangan telah dikaitkan sebagai faktor penunggangan berisiko. Remaja, penunggang lelaki dan mereka yang berpendapatan rendah diketahui lebih cenderung menunggang secara berisiko berbanding kumpulan lain.

Hasil Projek• MIROS Research Report (MRR) - Risk Taking Behaviours of Malaysian

Motorcyclists: A Case Study in Klang Valley Selangor.• Pembentangan bertajuk “Risk Taking Behaviors of Malaysian Motorcyclists:

A Case Study in Klang Valley Selangor” di ROSCON 2010, Kuala Lumpur.

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UJIAN PERLANGGARAN KENDERAAN PENUMPANG TERBUKA PERTAMA 1ST PASSENGER CAR OUTDOOR CRASH TEST

One of the main issues concerning heavy vehicle in Malaysia is the usage of rear under-run protection device (RUPD). If a light vehicle crashed into the rear of a heavy vehicle that do not have RUPD, the consequences can be disastrous. This type of crash often resulted in severe or fatal injuries to the car occupants. Another issue of concern is regarding child restraint system, which is yet to be addressed adequately. It is common to encounter children who are not preperly restrained while travelling in a car i.e. not using child safety seats.

To gather more information regarding both issues, CRASE took the initiative to conduct an outdoor crash test. The main objective of this project is to investigate the injury levels of passenger car occupants. The outdoor crash test was developed by CRASE with the assistance from several partners from the automotive industries. The test was conducted at UniKL-MIAT on 25 February 2010.

In the crash test, a Perodua Alza was propelled into the rear of a stationary trailer, which was equipped with an RUPD. The Alza carried with it five dummies (three adults and two children).

The crash simulated the real condition of a light vehicle crashing into the rear of a lorry. Due to the RUPD, there was no intrusion into the passenger compartment of the light vehicle. Based on the retrieved data, the injury levels of adult and child dummies were below the threshold values which indicate low levels of injuries. The other non-instrumented child dummy placed on the lap of an adult dummy was thrown forward. This indicates the importance of child restraint system. The videos taken from this event have also been used as advocacy materials.

Salah satu isu utama berkaitan kenderaan berat di Malaysia adalah penggunaan alat perlindungan bawah kenderaan (RUPD). Apabila sesebuah kenderaan ringan berlanggar dengan dan masuk ke bahagian bawah belakang sesebuah kenderaan berat, akibatnya adalah sangat dahsyat dan ia selalunya mengakibatkan kecederaan teruk ataupun berat terhadap penumpang kenderaan ringan ini. Satu lagi isu ialah tentang keselamatan penumpang kanak-kanak. Seringkali dilihat kanak-kanak tidak menggunakan sistem keselamatan semasa berada di dalam kenderaan.

Bagi mendapat lebih banyak maklumat berkenaan isu tersebut, CRASE telahpun menjalankan sebuah ujian perlanggaran terbuka Objektif projek ini adalah untuk menyiasat tahap kecederaan penumpang kenderaan. Ujian anjuran CRASE dengan kerjasama beberapa rakan dari industri automotif telah dijalankan pada 25 Februari 2010 di UniKL-MIAT.

Dalam ujian tersebut, sebuah Perodua Alza didorong untuk melanggar bahagian belakang sebuah treler. Perodua itu juga ‘dinaiki’ lima patung ujian (tiga dewasa dan dua kanak-kanak). Treler yang digunakan tidak bergerak dan dilengkapi dengan RUPD.

Secara keseluruhannya, ujian ini mensimulasi situasi di mana sebuah kenderaan ringan melanggar belakang sebuah lori. Disebabkan penggunaan RUPD, tiada mana-mana bahagian lori telah menembusi ke dalam ruang penumpang kenderaan ringan yang diuji. Di samping itu, data yang dikumpulkan menunjukkan bahawa tahap kecederaan yang dialami patung ujian dewasa dan kanak-kanak adalah kurang dari tahap kecederaan ringan, sementara satu patung ujian kanak-kanak yang tidak mengandungi alatan pengumpulan data yang diletakkan di riba salah satu patung dewasa telah tercampak ke hadapan. Ini menunjukkan betapa pentingnya sistem perlindungan penumpang kanak-kanak. Rakaman video ujian ini juga telah digunakan sebagai sebahagian dari bahan-bahan promosi kempen keselamatan jalan raya.

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PROGRAM PENILAIAN KENDERAAN MALAYSIA (MyVAP)MALAYSIAN VEHICLE ASSESSMENT PROGRAMME (MyVAP)

Program Penilaian Kenderaan Malaysia (MyVAP) adalah projek perintis yang dijalankan bagi meningkatkan tahap keselamatan kenderaan di Malaysia. Ia dibangunkan untuk meningkatkan kesedaran pembuat kenderaan tempatan mengenai keselamatan-dalam-kemalangan kenderaan dengan menggunakan kaedah-kaedah yang tidak membabitkan ujian perlanggaran. Penyebaran maklumat yang konklusif dan persaingan sihat dalam pembuatan kenderaan oleh pembuat kenderaan diharapkan dapat merintis satu era baru dalam bidang keselamatan kenderaan di Malaysia.

MyVAP juga disasarkan untuk melengkapi undang-undang pembuatan kenderaan yang sedia ada di negara ini dengan cara menggunapakai unsur-unsur penting Program Penilaian Kereta Baru (NCAP) yang berfungsi menyampaikan maklumat kepada pengguna mengenai kenderaan yang selamat-dalam-kemalangan. Namun yang paling penting adalah MyVAP menggunakan kaedah-kaedah yang tidak melibatkan ujian perlanggaran di samping menggunakan penilaian dengan cara pemberian bintang dalam menilai proses pembuatan sesebuah kenderaan.

Penilaian MyVAP melibatkan empat bahagian penting; peraturan UNECE, keselamatan pasif, keselamatan aktif dan kepatuhan dalam proses pembuatan. Setiap bahagian ini menyumbangkan satu bintang kepada markah keseluruhan kecuali keselamatan pasif yang menyumbang dua bintang; menjadikan markah keseluruhan maksimumnya lima bintang. Penilaian dalam setiap bahagian ini melibatkan pemeriksaan terhadap kelulusan asal, laporan ujian dan dokumen-dokumen yang berkaitan.

Pioneered by MIROS, the Malaysian Vehicle Assessment Programme (MyVAP) was established to elevate the degree of vehicle safety in Malaysia. This is done by escalating awareness among local car users together with acquiring roadworthy and crashworthy vehicles via non-destructive techniques. Conclusive consumer information and competitive vehicle upgrading by manufacturers will pave the path towards a new era of vehicle safety in Malaysia.

The launching of MIROS exemplies the dedication of the government to enhance research-based road safety in line with the 9th Malaysian Plan. Adopting the essence of New Car Assessment Programme (NCAP) which is to educate consumers in selecting the best crashworthy car, MyVAP also aims to complement pre-existing vehicle regulations in Malaysia. Most importantly, MyVAP utilises non-destructive means to attain its goals through assessment of the vehicle’s manufacturing process together with the star rating system.

MyVAP’s assessment criteria comprise four key pillars; United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) Regulation, Passive Safety, Active Safety and Conformity of Production. Each pillar contributes 1 point except for passive safety, which contributes 2 points, to make the total assessment score of 5 points. Compliance with the UNECE regulation allows the best possible score for each pillar although other standards and guidelines are also considered based on the outline of the score. Evaluation of this pillar includes verifying authentic certifications, test reports and related documentations.

The level of passive safety depends primarily on secondary data obtained from crash centres. Despite the fact that UNECE regulation also denotes certain elements that cover passive safety, the assessment within this pillar is much more comprehensive as the frontal and side impact test results are based on other NCAP’s Protocols. Passive safety evaluation is based on high speed crash (frontal and side), child restraint, pedestrian safety and rollover.

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PROGRAM PENILAIAN KENDERAAN MALAYSIA (MyVAP)MALAYSIAN VEHICLE ASSESSMENT PROGRAMME (MyVAP)

Tahap keselamatan pasif pula bergantung kepada data sampingan yang diperolehi dari pusat-pusat kemalangan. Walaupun peraturan UNECE menjelaskan bahagian-bahagian kecil dalam keselamatan pasif, penilaiannya dalam MyVAP adalah lebih menyeluruh disebabkan hasil ujian bahagian hadapan dan sisi kenderaan adalah dijalankan berdasarkan lain-lain protokol NCAP. Penilaian terhadap keselamatan pasif ini adalah dijalankan terhadap perlanggaran berkelajuan tinggi (dari hadapan dan sisi), perlindungan terhadap penumpang kanak-kanak, perlindungan terhadap pejalan kaki dan kemalangan yang menyebabkan kenderaan terbalik.

Keselamatan aktif pula terbahagi kepada brek, kawalan, kestabilan; amaran dan kebolehnampakan dan banyak lagi. Penilaian bagi bahagian ini adalah lebih senang, dan dibuat berdasarkan kepada fungsi-fungsi ciri-ciri keselamatan yang telah sedia ada. Menurut peraturan UNECE, Kepatuhan dalam Proses Pembuatan (COP) adalah wajib dan kegagalan mematuhinya akan menyebabkan penarikan semula kelayakan yang telah diberi. Jadi ia merupakan faktor penting dalam menghasilkan kenderaan yang selamat. Tambahan pula, kebolehan pembuatan kenderaan dari segi keselamatan akan menjadi penyumbang terbesar dalam pemberian bintang.

Penilaian pertama telah dijalankan dengan kerjasama PROTON yang memohon ujian untuk model EXORA mereka. Ujian terbaru telah dijalankan terhadap PERODUA ALZA pada Februari 2010. Diharapkan dengan MyVAP, bukan sahaja pengguna dan pembeli kenderaan akan mendapat lebih maklumat berkenaan keselamatan kenderaan, malahan juga dapat menjadi pemangkin bagi pembuat kenderaan memperbaiki produk mereka dan mencetus persaingan yang sihat.

Active safety is divided into Braking, Handling and Stability; Warning, Visibility and Conspicuity; and others. Assessments under this pillar are straightforward, based on the existence and functionality of declared active safety features. According to UNECE regulation requirements, Conformity of Production (COP) is compulsory and non-compliance will result in withdrawal of any granted approval. Hence, it is considered as important criteria in producing safe vehicles. Furthermore, the manufacturing capability in safe approach will be a major contribution to the total score.

The first assessment was conducted with the cooperation of PROTON, performed on its latest model, PROTON EXORA. PERODUA ALZA was the latest assessment conducted on February 2010. In overall, the assessment results not only educating motoring consumers on the importance of safety, but has becoming a catalyst for car manufacturers to improve their vehicle safety level in the future. The information of MyVAP will stimulate manufacturers to improve their products and create healthy competition. Finally, the consumers will have choice of cars with regards to vehicle crashworthiness.

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LOREKAN MEDIAN CENTRAL HATCHING

In Malaysia, speeding is one of the major road safety issues being addressed by the government. The occurrence of out of control incidents has been used as an indicator to speeding behaviour among the road users. For the past eight years, out-of-control accidents have been contributing an average of 20% of all fatal accidents on the federal and state networks. This indicates that speeding is prevalent on federal and state roads and should be regarded as a serious road safety issue. There are a variety of approaches used to overcome the problem of speeding in order to improve road safety. While enforcement is always an important and necessary approach to this problem, the presence of human elements has always been the major factor affecting the efficiency of this approach. Although engineering treatments such as traffic calming is proven to be effective in controlling speed, most of the measures are expensive. Perceptual countermeasures to speeding on the other hand are mostly low cost. They are commonly used to induce drivers to reduce speeds by changing their perception of speed, risk or comfort.

As part of the recommendations of the International Road Assessment Programme (iRAP) study in Malaysia, the effectiveness of central hatching was examined through a demonstration project in Sungkai, Perak. This countermeasure is recommended at the site based on several combinations of triggers such as area type, traffic flow, number of lanes for through traffic, type of median, presence of pedestrian crossing facilities and the star ratings for car occupants and pedestrian. A study was formulated to investigate the effectiveness of the countermeasure through mean vehicle speeds and mean lateral position of vehicles with reference to the edge of the centerline (before treatment) and central hatching (after treatment).

Based on iRAP’s analysis, two road sections along the Federal Route 1 in the state of Perak were recommended to be treated with central hatching. Using the ARRB Group Hawkeye Data Viewer and the iRAP web-based toolkit, the exact locations of the road sections were confirmed. Each of these sections is 400 m in length, located almost 1.3 kilometres apart. The road section for the study site falls under the jurisdiction of the Public Works Department for Batang Padang.

Di Malaysia, memandu dengan kelajuan yang tinggi merupakan salah satu isu keselamatan jalan raya yang besar yang diutarakan oleh kerajaan. Insiden kejadian pemanduan luar kawalan telah digunakan sebagai penanda aras untuk tingkahlaku memandu melebihi had laju di kalangan pengguna jalan raya. Dalam tempoh lapan tahun yang lepas, kemalangan di luar kawalan telah menyumbang purata sebanyak 20% daripada jumlah kemalangan yang membawa maut di rangkaian persekutuan dan negeri. Ini menandakan bahawa memandu dengan kelajuan melebihi had laju banyak berlaku di jalan raya persekutuan dan negeri dan perlu dianggap sebagai isu keselamatan jalan raya yang serius. Bagi memperbaiki keselamatan jalan raya, pelbagai pendekatan telah digunakan untuk mengatasi masalah memandu melebihi had laju. Walaupun penguatkuasaan merupakan pendekatan yang sentiasa dan perlu untuk masalah ini, kehadiran unsur-unsur kemanusiaan sentiasa merupakan faktor utama dalam memberi kesan terhadap kecekapan pendekatan ini. Walaupun rawatan kejuruteraan seperti penenangan trafik telah membuktikan kesannya dalam mengawal had laju, namun kebanyakan langkah tersebut melibatkan kos yang tinggi. Namun begitu, langkah pencegahan terhadap memandu dengan kelajuan melebihi had laju melalui persepsi kebanyakannya adalah rendah dari segi kos. Langkah pencegahan melalui persepsi kebiasaannya digunakan untuk mengubah persepsi pemandu terhadap kelajuan, risiko atau keselesaan.

Sebagai salah satu cadangan kajian International Road Assessment Programme (iRAP), keberkesanan lorekan median telah dikaji melalui satu projek demonstrasi di Sungkai, Perak. Intervensi ini telah dicadangkan untuk dijalankan di tempat kajian berdasarkan beberapa kombinasi pemacu (triggers) seperti jenis kawasan, aliran lalulintas, jumlah lorong untuk lalulintas terus, jenis pembahagi jalan, kehadiran kemudahan melintas untuk pejalan kaki dan pemarkahan bintang untuk pemandu serta penumpang kereta, dan pejalan kaki. Satu kajian telah dibangunkan untuk mengkaji keberkesanan langkah pencegahan melalui min kelajuan kenderaan dan min posisi kenderaan dengan merujuk kepada garisan tengah (sebelum rawatan) dan lorekan median (selepas rawatan).

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LOREKAN MEDIAN CENTRAL HATCHING

Data on travel speed and lateral position of vehicles with reference to the centerline were collected through video recordings. In order to obtain speed data from free flowing traffic, travel times were only recorded for the first vehicle in a platoon. This is because such vehicles which have a sufficient headway, are truly selecting their speeds. Therefore, only the first vehicle in a platoon was considered as the sample. The potential of central hatching to influence speed reduction was demonstrated through this pilot study in Sungkai where the average speed was significantly reduced by 3 km/h. Although the reduction was quite marginal, this study proves that such perceptual countermeasure has the potential to reduce speed among road users. The baseline results indicated that there were conflicts at the centerline and at the lane line, which showed that there is risk of collision among the road users at the study site. These conflicts can be reduced through the use of central hatching whereby the separation of opposing vehicles is increased. An improved lane discipline was observed after the treatment whereby there was a reduction in the lateral position of vehicles at both study sites. Due to the increased separation provided by central hatching, vehicles on the nearside lane could avoid being driven too close to the offside lane. The findings will provide the road authorities with an alternative to physical median in their road improvements programmes for single carriageway roads.

Berdasarkan kepada analisis iRAP, dua seksyen jalan di sepanjang Jalan Persekutuan 1 (Federal Route 1) di Perak telah dicadangkan untuk dirawat dengan lorekan median. Lokasi yang tepat telah disahkan dengan menggunakan ARRB Group Hawkeye Data Viewer dan peralatan iRAP berdasarkan web. Panjang setiap seksyen adalah 400 m, terletak lebih kurang 1.3 kilometer di antara keduanya. Seksyen jalan yang menjadi tempat kajian terletak di bawah bidang kuasa Jabatan Kerja Raya Batang Padang.

Data untuk kelajuan perjalanan dan posisi kenderaan yang merujuk kepada garisan tengah telah dikumpul melalui rakaman video. Bagi mendapatkan kelajuan data untuk aliran lalulintas yang bebas, masa perjalanan hanya dirakam untuk kenderaan yang pertama di dalam satu platun. Ini kerana kenderaan demikian akan memilih kelajuan mereka tersendiri disebabkan mereka mempunyai ruang untuk maju ke hadapan. Oleh yang demikian, kenderaan pertama di dalam sesuatu platun akan diambil sebagai sampel.

Lorekan median berpotensi untuk mempengaruhi pengurangan kelajuan telah ditunjukkan di dalam kajian awal ini di Sungkai di mana purata kelajuan telah dikurangkan sebanyak 3 km/j. Walaupun penurunan yang diperolehi adalah sedikit, kajian ini membuktikan bahawa rawatan melalui persepsi ini berpotensi untuk mengurangkan kelajuan di kalangan pengguna jalan raya. Keputusan yang diperolehi menunjukkan bahawa terdapat konflik di garisan tengah dengan garisan lorong jalan di mana ia menunjukkan terdapat risiko perlanggaran di antara pengguna jalan raya di tempat kajian sebelum rawatan. Konflik tersebut boleh dikurangkan dengan menggunakan lorekan median di mana jarak di antara kenderaan yang bertentangan ditingkatkan. Selepas rawatan, disiplin lorong jalan telah diperhatikan. Oleh kerana jarak pemisah telah ditingkatkan oleh lorekan median, kenderaan di sebelah kiri boleh mengelak dari memandu telalu dekat ke lorong sebelah kanan. Hasil kajian ini seterusnya memberi alternatif kepada pembahagi jalan terutamanya dari segi kos kepada pihak berkuasa dalam program penambahbaikan jalan raya yang mempunyai garisan tengah jalan.

UJIAN PERLANGGARAN MOTOSIKAL MOTORCYCLE CRASH TEST

In order to obtain conclusive data and evidence regarding a motorcycle crash, Crash Safety Engineering Unit (CRASE) collaborated with several agencies in order to carry out two crash tests of motorcycle against the side of a stationary passenger car. The tests were performed with two main objectives. The first objective is to compare and evaluate the performance of two different airbag jackets. The second objective is to highlight the importance of proper helmet wearing.

The propulsion for the crash test was designed and developed using gravitational method whereby the test motorcycles were propelled down a slope towards a stationary sedan vehicle. For both tests, a non-instrumented dummy weighing 57 kg was utilised to represent human kinematics. It was equipped with safety airbag jacket and safety helmet. The airbag jacket provides extra protection for the neck and chest in the event of crash. In the first test, the dummy was equipped with an airbag jacket and used properly buckled crash helmet. The motorcycle propelled down the slope and hit the side of the car at a speed of 29.34 km/h. The airbag jacket started to trigger at 0.402 sec and was fully inflated at 0.867 sec. The data obtained indicated that the abdomen of the rider was fully protected by the airbag jacket.

In the second crash test, the dummy was equipped with a different airbag jacket, and a safety helmet. However, the safety helmet was not buckled. The motorcycle was propelled down the slope, and hit the the car at a speed of 27.4 km/h. The airbag jacket was fully inflated within 0.973 sec. The unbuckled helmet was detached from the dummy’s head leaving it unprotected when it crashed on the car window.

Bagi mendapatkan lebih banyak maklumat berkenaan perlanggaran motosikal, Unit Kejuruteraan Keselamatan Kemalangan (CRASE) telah bekerjasama dengan beberapa agensi berkaitan untuk menjalankan dua ujian perlanggaran motosikal dengan sisi sebuah kereta yang tidak bergerak. Ujian tersebut dijalankan dengan dua tujuan: membandingkan dan menilai prestasi dua jenis jaket beg udara keselamatan penunggang motosikal dan menguji kepentingan penggunaan topi keledar dengan cara yang betul.

Motosikal yang digunakan dalam ujian ini didorongkan ke kereta dengan kuasa graviti. Ia menuruni sebuah cenuram bersudut 30 darjah dengan kelajuan 30 km/j. Dalam kedua-dua ujian, sebuah patung ujian perlanggaran tidak berinstrumen seberat 57 kg telah digunakan bagi mensimulasi penunggang. Ia dilengkapi dengan sebuah jaket beg udara dan topi keledar. Jaket beg udara ini memberi lebih perlindungan kepada leher dan dada penunggang apabila kemalangan berlaku.

Untuk ujian yang pertama, patung ujian telah dipakaikan dengan jaket beg udara dan topi keledar yang dipakai dengan cara yang betul. Motosikal ujian meluncur ke bawah pada kelajuan 29.34 km/h. Beg udara ini mula bertindak pada 0.402 saat dan lengkap diisi pada 0.867 saat. Data yang didapati menunjukkan bahawa bahagian perut patung dilindungi sepenuhnya oleh beg udara dari kecederaan bila ia bersentuhan dengan panel meter motosikal.

Dalam ujian kedua, patung ujian telah dilengkapi dengan jaket beg udara yang lain, dan topi keledar. Tetapi, topi keledar patung ujian tidak diikat dengan sempurna. Motosikal diluncurkan dan melanggar kereta pada kelajuan 27.4 km/j. Beg udaranya mula bertindak dan masa diisi sepenuhnya dalam masa 0.973 saat. Topi keledar yang tidak diikat dengan sempurna telah tertanggal dari kepala patung semasa perlanggaran, mengakibatkan kepalanya terhantuk secara terus dengan tingkap sisi kereta.

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PUSAT/BAHAGIAN/UNIT CENTRES/DIVISIONS/UNITSPUSAT PENYELIDIKAN PERUBAHAN TINGKAH LAKU PENGGUNA JALAN RAYA (RUBC) ROAD USER BEHAVIOURAL CHANGE RESEARCH CENTRE (RUBC)

PUSAT PENYELIDIKAN KEJURUTERAAN KESELAMATAN JALAN RAYA DAN PERSEKITARAN (REER) ROAD SAFETY ENGINEERING AND ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH CENTRE (REER)PUSAT PENYELIDIKAN BIOMEKANIK DAN KESELAMATAN KENDERAAN (VSB)VEHICLE SAFETY AND BIOMECHANICS RESEARCH CENTRE (VSB)BAHAGIAN PENTADBIRAN DAN KEWANGAN (ADFI) ADMINISTRATION AND FINANCE DIVISION (ADFI)

BAHAGIAN PENERBITAN DAN PENGURUSAN ILMU (PKM) PUBLICATIONS AND KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT DIVISION (PKM)

PUSAT PENYELIDIKAN PERUBAHAN TINGKAH LAKU PENGGUNA JALAN RAYA (RUBC) ROAD USER BEHAVIOURAL CHANGE RESEARCH CENTRE (RUBC)

Pusat Penyelidikan Perubahan Tingkah Laku Pengguna Jalan Raya (RUBC) ditugaskan untuk memahami, memberi pandangan dan mempengaruhi semua aspek perlakuan pengguna jalan raya yang mempengaruhi keselamatan jalan raya di Malaysia. Ini dilakukan melalui penyelidikan, penyertaan dan penilaian program keselamatan jalan raya dan intervensi di samping memberi nasihat dan cadangan dalam proses perubahan polisi. Pusat ini terdiri daripada empat unit iaitu Pejabat Pengarah, Unit Faktor Kemanusiaan dan Kos Kemalangan, Unit Pemasaran Sosial dan Unit Reka Bentuk dan Instrumentasi.

Unit Faktor Kemanusiaan dan Kos KemalanganUnit ini dipertanggungjawabkan untuk memahami dan menasihati berkenaan perlakuan pengguna jalan raya dan akibatnya, dengan tujuan memperbaiki perlakuan di jalan raya Malaysia. Ia mengkaji perlakuan selamat dan tidak selamat melalui ujikaji, kaji selidik dan pemerhatian saintifik; dan seterusnya menyebarkan hasil kajian melalui laporan penyelidikan, persidangan, pembentangan kepada pihak yang berkepentingan, nasihat berkenaan polisi kepada kerajaan dan penglibatan dalam program dan bengkel berkenaan perubahan perilaku di jalan raya.

The Road User Behavioural Change Research Centre (RUBC) is charged with understanding, advising on and helping to positively influence all aspects of road user behaviour that affects road safety in Malaysia. This is done through research, participating in, advising on and evaluating road safety programmes and interventions as well as advising on and making recommendations for policy changes. The Centre consists of four units, namely the Director’s Office, the Human Factors and Accident Costing Unit, the Social Marketing and Education Unit and the Design and Instrumentation Unit.

Human Factors and Accident Costing UnitThe purview of the Human Factors and Accident Costing Unit is to understand and advise on road user behaviour and its cost implications, with the core objective of improving road safety behaviour in Malaysia. It studies safe and unsafe on-road behaviour through experiments, surveys and scientific observations and disseminates its findings and expertise through research reports, conferences, presentations to stakeholders, policy advice to the government and participation in behaviour change workshops and programmes.

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Unit Pemasaran Sosial dan PendidikanUnit Pemasaran Sosial dan Pendidikan bertanggungjawab terhadap tiga bidang yang berkaitan dengan perubahan tingkahlaku pengguna jalan raya. Bidang-bidang tersebut adalah berkaitan dengan penyelidikan dan pengoperasian dalam penggunaan media bagi menjana kempen keselamatan jalan raya, pendidikan keselamatan jalan raya, dan juga pendidikan pemanduan di kalangan pengguna jalan raya. Hasil penyelidikan digunapakai bagi membantu menambahbaik tahap pelaksanaan intervensi oleh agensi kerajaan yang terlibat dalam keselamatan jalan raya.

Unit Reka Bentuk dan InstrumentasiUnit Reka Bentuk dan Instrumentasi bertanggungjawab membangunkan dan menambahbaik peralatan teknikal berasaskan kereta dan motosikal untuk mencerap data penyelidikan. Unit ini memiliki beberapa “instrumented motorcycle” dan“instrumented car”. Simulasi pemanduan juga sedang dirancang untuk dimasukkan sebagai peralatan mencerap data. Peralatan-peralatan ini tidak terhad untuk penyelidikan berkaitan tingkahlaku pemandu dan penunggang sahaja, malah sesuai digunakan untuk penyelidikan berkaitan jalan raya dan kenderaan.

Social Marketing and Education Unit The Social Marketing and Education Unit is responsible for three areas related to road user behaviour change. These areas pertain to the research and operation of the use of media in road safety campaigns, road safety education, and driver training. Research findings are disseminated to relevant authorities for better implementation of road safety interventions.

Design and Instrumentation UnitThe Design and Instrumentation Unit is responsible for the development, enhancement and maintenance of vehicle-based technical enablers for the collection of data for research. The fleet under the unit currently includes several instrumented cars and motorcycles. A driving simulator is also planned for inclusion to the fleet. These enablers are not limited to driver behaviour research, but are also relevant for road and vehicle related research.

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The Road Safety Engineering and Environment Research Centre (REER) performs research and operational activities to ensure the roads and its environment are safe for all road users. Among the major research and activities carried out by REER are the development of MIROS Road Accident Analysis and Database System (MROADS),

Malaysian Guidebook for Traffic and Road Safety Audit (MeTRA) and International Road Assessment Programme (iRAP). REER has contributed to the success of iRAP Malaysia which results in the acknowledgement as the centre of excellence for the region that was received by MIROS. The centre also establishes international linkages with the International Road Traffic and Accident Database (IRTAD), World Health Organization (WHO), World Road Association (PIARC), Road Engineering Association of Asia and Australasia (REAAA) and many more.

The centre is administratively divided into three research units and their names and functions (not limited to) are:

Accident Database System and Analysis Unit (ADSA)ADSA acts as the crash data custodian to assist research, problem statement formulation, positioning of priorities and indication of impact, provide a continuously updated national road crash and road traffic injury database, undertake

diagnostic analyses on road accidents and assessment of safety interventions and the identification of crash characteristics, trend, forecasting and perform modeling.

Pusat Penyelidikan Kejuruteraan Keselamatan Jalan Raya dan Persekitaran (REER) menjalankan kajian dan kegiatan yang memastikan jalan-jalan raya dan persekitarannya selamat untuk kegunaan pengguna jalan raya. Antara kegiatan penyelidikan utama REER adalah pembangunan Sistem Pangkalan Data dan Analisa Kemalangan Jalan Raya MIROS (MROADS), Buku Panduan Audit Keselamatan Trafik dan Jalan Raya Malaysia (MeTRA) dan Program Penilaian Jalan Raya Antarabangsa (iRAP). REER juga telah menyumbang kepada kejayaan kegiatan iRAP Malaysia dan hasilnya MIROS telah diiktiraf sebagai pusat kecemerlangan di rantau ini. REER juga telah menjalinkan hubungan kerjasama antarabangsa dengan Pangkalan Data Kemalangan Jalan Raya Antarabangsa (IRTAD), Organisasi Kesihatan Dunia (WHO), Persatuan Jalan Raya Dunia (PIARC), Persatuan Kejuruteraan Jalan Raya Asia dan Australasia (REAAA); dan banyak lagi.

Pusat ini dibahagikan kepada tiga unit penyelidikan; dan unit-unit ini adalah:

Unit Pangkalan Data dan Analisis Kemalangan (ADSA)Unit ini bertindak sebagai pengurus data kemalangan bagi melicinkan kajian, formulasi pernyataan masalah, pengurusan kepentingan dan juga penanda keberkesanan. Di samping itu, unit ini bertanggungjawab menyediakan data kemalangan dan kecederaan jalan raya kebangsaan yang sentiasa dikemas kini, diagnosis kemalangan jalan raya, penilaian intervensi keselamatan dan juga mengenalpasti ciri-ciri, trend, ramalan dan juga permodelan kemalangan.

PUSAT PENYELIDIKAN KEJURUTERAAN KESELAMATAN JALAN RAYA DAN PERSEKITARAN (REER) ROAD SAFETY ENGINEERING AND ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH CENTRE (REER)

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Unit Perancangan Pengangkutan dan Kejuruteraan Trafik (TRAPTER)Unit ini bertugas menganalisa reka bentuk dan juga persekitaran jalan raya, membangunkan model trafik dan kemudahan pengangkutan, penilaian risiko di jalan raya dan pengurangan bahaya di jalan raya, dan juga pengurusan jalan raya dan trafik bagi mengurangkan risiko.

Unit Kawalan Pendedahan dan Kajian Perjalanan (ECOST)Unit ini bertanggungjawab mengendalikan kaji selidik tahunan terhadap kenderaan bagi menilai kadar Perjalanan Kilometer Kenderaan (VKT) dan Perjalanan Kilometer Penumpang (PKT), pendedahan dan analisa risiko, pisah ragaman dan pengaruh tabiat sewaktu perjalanan terhadap risiko dan juga penggunaan tanah dan pengaruhnya terhadap risiko.

Transport Planning and Traffic Engineering Unit (TRAPTER)This unit undertakes diagnostic analyses on road designs and road environment, develops traffic models on traffic and transportation facilities, road risk assessment and reduction of road hazards, and road and traffic management to reduce risks.

Exposure Control and Travel Survey Unit (ECOST)ECOST carries out annual surveys on vehicles to assess their Vehicle Kilometre Travelled (VKT) and Passenger Kilometre Travelled (PKT) rate, exposure and risk analysis, modal split and travel behaviour influence to risks and land use matters and their influence to risks.

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Pusat Penyelidikan Biomekanik dan Keselamatan Kenderaan (VSB) menjalankan penyelidikan bagi memastikan keselamatan kenderaan untuk semua pengguna yang berada di jalan raya. Selain itu, VSB memain peranan dalam mengkaji semula dasar dan pendekatan sedia ada ke arah Penambahbaikan Prosedur Operasi Piawai, Kod Amalan dan Piawaian Industri melalui laporan teknikal dan penerbitan serta kertas cadangan.

Jalinan kerjasama dengan pihak luar sama ada di peringkat kebangsaan dan juga antarabangsa telah diadakan melalui projek kolaborasi, lawatan kerja dan perbincangan. Pusat ini terbahagi kepada tiga unit penyelidikan dengan skop dan fungsi masing-masing:

Unit Kejuruteraan Keselamatan Perlanggaran (CRASE)Unit ini bertanggungjawab melaksanakan ujian pengesahan terhadap

impak kemalangan termasuk penilaian tahap perlindungan dan kecederaan pengguna kenderaan. Antara kegiatan utama unit ini adalah projek pembangunan Pusat Ujian Awalan Perlanggaran CRASE (PC3) dan Program Penilaian Kenderaan Malaysia (MyVAP). Pembangunan PC3 ini telah semakin hampir untuk direalisasikan dan ia bakal menjadi makmal perlanggaran pertama di rantau ini. Meskipun pada tahap ini penilaian MyVAP tidak melibatkan ujian perlanggaran secara langsung, ianya

adalah satu permulaan yang sangat penting untuk memberi pengiktirafan kepada pengeluar kenderaan yang berusaha menepati piawai keselamatan terbaik.

Unit Rekonstruksi Perlanggaran (CRU)Unit ini bertanggungjawab menghasilkan penyiasatan kebolehtahanan perlanggaran dalam mekanik kecederaan, biomekanik dan toleransi manusia terhadap perlanggaran termasuk rekonstruksi perlanggaran

Vehicle Safety and Biomechanics Research Centre (VSB) conducts research to ensure the safety of vehicles and all road users. Besides, VSB plays an important role in reviewing policies and current approaches towards improving Standard Operating Procedures, Code of Practice and Industrial Standards through technical reports and publications as well as recommendations.

Collaboration with external parties, at the national and international levels have been conducted through collaborative projects, technical visits and discussions.

The centre is administratively divided into three research units with scopes and functions as follows:

Crash Safety Engineering Unit (CRASE)This unit is responsible for carrying out validation tests on the impact of accidents, including assessment of the safety level of vehicles and occupant injury. The main activities of this unit are the development of Provisional CRASE Crash Centre (PC3) and the Malaysian Vehicle Assessment Programme (MyVAP). The development of this PC3 is close to be realised, and it will be the first crash test laboratory in this region. Although at this stage MyVAP assessment does not involve crash tests, it is an important start to recognise the vehicle manufacturers which seek to meet the best safety standards.

Crash Reconstruction Unit (CRU)This unit is responsible for carrying out crashworthiness investigation in the mechanics of injury, biomechanics and human tolerance to

PUSAT PENYELIDIKAN BIOMEKANIK DAN KESELAMATAN KENDERAAN (VSB)VEHICLE SAFETY AND BIOMECHANICS RESEARCH CENTRE (VSB)

68


crash, including reconstruction of injury-related crashes.To strengthen the operations of the accident investigation, this unit has updated the existing investigation procedures and developed a new and systematic database which is called MIROS Crash Analysis & Reconstruction System (MiCARS).

Pre and Post Injury Research Unit (PPI)This unit is responsible for carrying out research and promote evidence-based crash injury prevention. Research related to health and injuries as outcomes become the main focus of this unit. The main research focus includes medical fitness to drive, driving under the influence of drugs and alcohol, effectiveness of trauma management, post-injury quality of life, and evaluation on the effectiveness of implemented interventions which focused on injury as the outcome.

Among the previous and ongoing research projects are Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA), driving under influence (DUI) among fatal cases, evaluation of interventions with rear seatbelts, quality of life among road traffic injury survivors, and first aid.

berkaitan kecederaan. Bagi tujuan mengukuhkan operasi penyiasatan kemalangan, unit ini telah memperkemaskan prosedur siasatan sedia ada dan membangunkan sistem pangkalan data yang baru dan sistematik iaitu MIROS Crash Analysis & Reconstruction System (MiCARS).

Unit Penyelidikan Pra dan Pasca Kecederaan (PPI)Unit ini bertanggungjawab menjalankan penyelidikan dan mempromosikan “evidence-based crash injury prevention”. Penyelidikan berkaitan sektor kesihatan dan kecederaan sebagai hasil menjadi fokus utama unit ini. Teras utama penyelidikan termasuklah penyelidikan dalam bidang kecergasan dari segi perubatan untuk memandu, pemanduan di bawah pengaruh dadah dan alkohol, keberkesanan pengurusan trauma, kualiti hidup pasca kecederaan, dan penilaian keberkesanan intervensi yang dilaksanakan yang memberi fokus kepada kecederaan sebagai hasil.

Antara projek penyelidikan yang telah dan sedang dijalankan adalah Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA), pemanduan di bawah pengaruh di kalangan kes-kes maut, penilaian intervensi tali pinggang keledar belakang, kualiti hidup di kalangan mangsa kemalangan jalan raya, dan pertolongan cemas.

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The Administration and Finance Division of MIROS comprises three units; the Development and Administration Unit, Finance Unit, and Training and Capacity Development Unit. The Administration and Finance Division is responsible for the general administration and management of MIROS, and the division frequently acts as secretariat to various important committees. The division is also responsible in ensuring that an integrated administrative and financial system is in place so that an organisation that is innovation-oriented can offer efficient services to the clients.

Administration and Development UnitThe unit is tasked with three main responsibilities; general administration, Human Resource management; and Development. The unit supervises general affairs such as mailing and filing, over-the-counter services, the management of meeting rooms, transportation, and the development and running of human resource-related strategic plans.

Finance UnitThe unit manages accounts, budgets, acquisitions and contracts. Specifically, this unit runs accounts and payment management, payments, staff remuneration, advanced remuneration, air transportation for the staff, asset management, MIROS acquisition, storage management, staff loans and investment management.

Training and Capacity Development UnitThe Training and Capacity Development Unit holds the responsibility of conducting professional skill trainings, sabbaticals and sponsorships, industrial trainings and in-service assessments. The unit also provides and conducts in-house training and capacity development programmes, as well as In-service Examinations which is one of the requirements for confirmation of service.

Bahagian Pentadbiran dan Kewangan di MIROS terdiri daripada tiga unit iaitu Unit Pentadbiran dan Pembangunan, Unit Kewangan, dan Unit Latihan dan Pembangunan Kapasiti. Bahagian Pentadbiran dan Kewangan bertanggungjawab dalam hal ehwal yang berkaitan dengan pentadbiran dan pengurusan umum di MIROS, dan ia juga bertindak selaku urusetia bagi pelbagai jawatankuasa penting. Bahagian Pentadbiran dan Kewangan berperanan memastikan sistem pentadbiran dan kewangan bersepadu dilaksanakan bagi merancang dan mengurus keperluan organisasi berteraskan kepada pembaharuan yang cekap dan berkesan diberikan kepada pelanggan-pelanggan.

Unit Pentadbiran dan PembangunanMenjalankan tiga fungsi penting iaitu Pentadbiran Am, Pengurusan Sumber Manusia, dan Pembangunan. Ia mengendalikan urusan am seperti surat-menyurat dan sistem pengurusan fail, menyediakan perkhidmatan kaunter, menguruskan bilik mesyuarat, menyediakan kemudahan berkaitan kenderaan, serta membangun dan melaksanakan pelan strategi pengurusan sumber manusia.

Unit KewanganMenguruskan fungsi-fungsi akaun dan belanjawan, dan perolehan dan kontrak. Antara lain, Unit ini mempastikan pengurusan perakaunan, pengurusan belanjawan, operasi bayaran, gaji kakitangan, menguruskan urusan pendahuluan kakitangan dan perjalanan udara, pengurusan kewangan, perolehan MIROS, pengurusan aset, pengurusan hasil dan terimaan, pengurusan stor, pinjaman kakitangan dan pengurusan pelaburan.

Unit Latihan dan Pembangunan Kapasiti Berperanan melaksanakan fungsi dan tanggungjawab seperti latihan dan kemahiran profesional, cuti belajar dan biasiswa, latihan industri, dan penilaian dalam perkhidmatan. Unit ini turut menyediakan dan melaksanakan program-program latihan dan pembangunan kapasiti peringkat dalaman (in-house training), serta menguruskan Peperiksaan Perkhidmatan yang menjadi salah satu syarat pengesahan dalam perkhidmatan jawatan.

BAHAGIAN PENTADBIRAN DAN KEWANGAN (ADFI)ADMINISTRATION AND FINANCE DIVISION (ADFI)

70


Bahagian Penerbitan dan Pengurusan Ilmu (PKM) menyediakan perkhidmatan sokongan untuk semua pusat, bahagian dan unit dalam MIROS, bagi membolehkan tugas mereka dijalankan secara berkesan. Terdapat tiga unit di bawah PKM; Unit Penerbitan, Unit Teknologi Maklumat dan Multimedia, dan Unit Perpustakaan dan Rangkaian Antarabangsa.

Unit PenerbitanUnit Penerbitan menyediakan perkhidmatan penerbitan seperti menyunting, reka letak/bentuk dan percetakan yang diperlukan oleh mana-mana unit dalam MIROS. Unit ini menerbitkan dan menyebarkan hasil kajian dalam bentuk laporan penyelidikan, laporan siasatan dan kod serta bahan penerbitan yang lain.

Unit PerpustakaanUnit Perpustakaan mempunyai objektif untuk menjadi sebuah pusat sumber maklumat berkenaan keselamatan jalan raya bukan hanya untuk MIROS tetapi juga rantau ini. Ia menyediakan fungsi carian maklumat, dan juga menyediakan capaian kepada pangkalan data atas talian yang berkaitan untuk kegunaan penyelidik di MIROS.

Unit Teknologi Maklumat dan Multimedia Unit Teknologi Maklumat dan Multimedia pula menyediakan infrastruktur teknologi maklumat dan perkhidmatan yang berkaitan di dalam MIROS. Ia mengatur dan membangunkan infrastruktur IT, sistem aplikasi, rangkaian internet dan intranet, akses maklumat, serta menjamin integriti data. Ia juga menyelenggara rangkaian komputer pelayan yang menyediakan perkhidmatan rangkaian dan aplikasi yang penting dalam operasi pentadbiran dan fungsi penyelidikan di MIROS. Unit IT juga bertanggungjawab untuk membangunkan dan mengemaskini laman web MIROS.

The Publications and Knowledge Management Division (PKM) provides support services to all the centres, divisions and units within MIROS to enable them to carry out their tasks efficiently. There are three units under PKM; Publications Unit, Information Technology (IT) and Multimedia Unit, and Library and International Linkages Unit.

Publications UnitThe Publications Unit provides publications services such as editing, proofing, and design as required by any of the units within MIROS. It publishes and disseminates research output in the form of research reports, investigative reports and codes, as well as other publicity materials. Library UnitThe Library aims to serve as a major repository of road safety resources not only for MIROS but also the region. It provides information search functions and road safety related online databases for the use of researchers at MIROS.

IT and Multimedia UnitThe IT and Multimedia Unit provides the IT infrastructure and its related services within MIROS. It plans, organises and develops IT infrastructure, application systems for internet and intranet networking and information access and retrieval as well as ensures

data integrity. It maintains a server room that provides network services and applications that are crucial to the operations of the administrative and also research functions at MIROS. The IT Unit was also responsible for the development and maintenance of MIROS corporate website.

BAHAGIAN PENERBITAN DAN PENGURUSAN ILMU (PKM)PUBLICATIONS AND KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT DIVISION (PKM)

71

LAPORAN REPORTSLAPORAN KEWANGAN FINANCIAL REPORTLAPORAN PENERBITAN PUBLICATIONS REPORTLAPORAN LATIHAN DAN PEMBANGUNAN KAPASITI TRAINING AND CAPACITY BUILDING REPORTLAPORAN SUMBER MANUSIA HUMAN RESOURCE REPORTLAPORAN iMIROS iMIROS REPORTSENARAI SIASATAN PERLANGGARAN LIST OF CRASH INVESTIGATIONS

LAPORAN KEWANGAN FINANCIAL REPORT

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75

LeMBaran iMBangan PaDa 31 DiSeMBer 2010BaLanCe SHeet aS at 31 DeCeMBer 2010

notanote

2010 2009

rM rM

HartanaH, LoJi Dan PeraLatanProPertY, PLantS anD eQUiPMent

4 6,241,944 3,345,737

aSet SeMaSa CUrrent aSSetS

Cagaran Deposit 288,825 288,825

Simpanan Tetap Fixed Deposit 10,000 10,000

Penghutang Debtors 59,483 52,289

Pendahuluan Advance 89,120 101,696

Wang Di Tangan dan Bank Cash in Hand and Bank 12,549,471 20,021,864

12,996,899 20,474,674

LiaBiLiti SeMaSa CUrrent LiaBiLitieS

Wang Tahanan Money Retained 43,250 43,250

Pemiutang Creditors 45,016 189,341

88,266 232,591

aSet SeMaSa BerSiH net CUrrent aSSetS 12,908,633 20,242,083

19,150,577 23,587,820

DiBiaYai oLeH FinanCeD BY:

Kumpulan Wang Mengurus Operational Fund 19,150,577 23,587,820

19,150,577 23,587,820

PenYata PenDaPatan Bagi taHUn KeWangan BeraKHir 31 DiSeMBer 2010inCoMe StateMent For tHe FinanCiaL Year enDeD 31 DeCeMBer 2010

notanote

2010 2009

rM rM

PenDaPatan inCoMe

Peruntukan Kerajaan Malaysia Malaysian Government Grant

13,703,742 24,922,800

Lain-lain Pendapatan Kendalian Other Incomes

267,086 157,710

JUMLaH PenDaPatan totaL inCoMe 13,970,828 25,080,510

PerBeLanJaan exPenDitUreS

Emolumen Emoluments 5,031,462 4,795,390

Perkhidmatan dan Bekalan Services and Supplies

11,611,879 9,279,638

Inventori Inventory 182,632 93,096

Pemberian dan Kenaan Bayaran Tetap Grants and Fixed Payment Charges

91,986 31,694

Perbelanjaan Lain Other Expenditures 1,490,112 1,051,743

JUMLaH PerBeLanJaan totaL exPenDitUre

18,408,071 15,251,561

PenDaPatan SeBeLUM CUKai Pre-tax ProFit

(4,437,243) 9,828,949

Percukaian Taxation - -

PenDaPatan BerSiH Bagi taHUn net inCoMe For tHe Year

(4,437,243) 9,828,949


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PenYata PerUBaHan eKUiti Bagi taHUn BeraKHir 31 DiSeMBer 2010StateMent oF CHangeS in eQUitY For tHe Year enDeD 31 DeCeMBer 2010

SUMBangan MoDaL CaPitaL ContriBUtion

JUMLaH totaL

rM rM

Baki Setakat 1 Januari 2009 Balance as of 1 January 2009 14,758,871 14,758,871

Lebihan Pendapatan Semasa Surplus Current Income 9,828,949 9,828,949

Pengurangan Pemberian Kerajaan Persekutuan Reduction in Federal Government Grants

(1,000,000) (1,000,000)

Baki Pada 31 Disember 2009 Balance as of 31 December 2009 23,587,820 23,587,820

Baki Pada 1 Januari 2010 Balance as of 1 January 2010 23,587,820 23,587,820

Kurangan Pendapatan Semasa Decrease in Current Income (4,437,243) (4,437,243)

Baki Pada 31 Disember 2010 Balance as of 31 December 2010 19,150,577 19,150,577


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PenYata aLiran tUnai Bagi taHUn BeraKHir 31 DiSeMBer 2010CaSH FLoW StateMent For tHe Year enDeD 31 DeCeMBer 2010

notanote

2010 2009

rM rM

tUnai Dari aKtiViti oPeraSi CaSH generateD FroM oPerationaL aCtiVitieS

Pendapatan Sebelum Cukai Pre-tax Income (4,437,243) 9,828,949

Pelarasan untuk Adjustment on:

Susutnilai Depreciation 4 1,391,791 886,914

(Kurangan)/Lebihan Pendapatan Sebelum Perubahan Modal Kerja (Reduction)/Surplus Income Prior to Changes in Working Capital

(3,045,452) 10,715,863

Perubahan Modal Kerja Changes in Working Capital:

Penghutang Debtors 5,382 (196,345)

Pemiutang Creditors (144,325) (516,910)

Tunai Bersih (Digunakan)/Dihasilkan Dari Aktiviti Operasi Net Cash (Utilised)/Generated from Operating Activities

(3,184,395) 10,002,608

tUnai Dari aKtiViti PeLaBUran CaSH FroM inVeStMent aCtiVitieS

Pembelian/Pelarasan Aset Tetap Purchase/Adjustment of Fixed Assets

(4,287,998) (898,956)

Pemulangan Peruntukan Kerajaan Persekutuan Returned Federal Government Grant

- (1,000,000)

Tunai Bersih Dihasilkan Dari Aktiviti Pelaburan Net Cash Generated from Investment Activities

(4,287,998) (1,898,956)

notanote

2010 2009

rM rM

Pengurangan/Penambahan Bersih Tunai Dan Kesetaraan Tunai Net Decrease/Increase in Cash and Cash Equivalent

(7,472,393) 8,103,652

Jumlah Tunai Dan Kesetaraan Pada Awal Tahun Total Cash and Cash Equivalent as of the Beginning of the Year

20,021,864 11,918,212

Jumlah Tunai Dan Kesetaraan Pada Akhir Tahun Total Cash and Cash Equivalent as of the End of the Year

12,549,471 20,021,864

Tunai Dan Kesetaraan Tunai Diwakili OlehCash and Cash Equivalent Represented by:

Wang di Tangan dan di Bank Cash in Hand and in Bank

12,549,471 20,021,864

12,549,471 20,021,864


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NOTA-NOTA KEPADA PENYATA KEWANGAN BAGI TAHUN KEWANGAN BERAKHIR 31 DISEMBER 2010NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENT FOR THE FINANCIAL YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2010

1. MaKLUMat aMInstitut Penyelidikan Keselamatan Jalan Raya Malaysia (MIROS) adalah sebuah badan berkanun yang ditubuh pada 3 Januari 2007 berdasarkan keputusan Jawatankuasa Kabinet dan beroperasi di bawah Rang Undang-Undang MIROS 2010. Aktiviti utama MIROS ialah menjalankan penyelidikan yang relevan bagi membolehkan inisiatif keselamatan jalan raya yang berimpak tinggi dilaksanakan.

2. DaSar-DaSar PeraKaUnan UtaMa(a) Asas perakaunan Penyata kewangan MIROS disediakan berdasarkan konvensyen kos sejarah dan mengikut piawaian Perakaunan Private Entity Reporting Standards (PERS) yang diluluskan oleh Lembaga Piawaian Perakaunan Malaysia (MASB) yang diluluskan di Malaysia.

(b) Hartanah, loji dan peralatan serta susutnilai(i) Harta-harta pemilikanHartanah, loji dan peralatan adalah dinyatakan pada kos ditolak susutnilai terkumpul dan/atau kerugian pengurangan nilai.

(ii) Pengiktirafan harta modalPekeliling Perbendaharaan Bil. 5 Tahun 2007 adalah digunapakai bagi pengiktirafan harta modal. (iii) SusutnilaiSusutnilai tidak diperuntukan atas tanah milik bebas. Hartanah, loji dan peralatan adalah disusutnilaikan dengan menggunakan kaedah garis lurus untuk menghapuskira kos hartanah, loji dan peralatan ke atas jangka hayat penggunaannya. Kadar susutnilai tahunan adalah seperti berikut :- Kenderaan 20% Perabot, Lekapan dan Lengkapan 10% Mesin, Alat Kelengkapan dan Komputer 20% Alat Penyelidikan 20%

1. generaL inForMationMalaysian Institute of Road Safety Research (MIROS) is a statutory body established on 3 January 2007 on the decision of a Cabinet Committee and operates under the MIROS Bill of 2007. The principal activity of MIROS is to carry out relevant research to ensure implementation of high impact road safety initiatives.

2. PrinCiPaL aCCoUnting PoLiCieS(a) Basis of accountingThe financial statement of MIROS has been prepared based on the historical cost convention and following Private Entity Reporting Standards (PERS) that have been approved by the Malaysian Accounting Standards Board (MASB) and accepted in Malaysia.

(b) Property, plants and equipment and depreciation(i) Property ownedProperty, plants and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and/or loss incurred with declining value.

(ii) Capital asset recognitionThe 2007 Treasury Circular No. 5 is in force for asset recognition.

(iii) DepreciationThere is no provision for freehold land. Property, plants and equipment are depreciated using a straight line method to write-off cost of property, plants and equipment over the estimated useful life of an asset. The rates of annual depreciation are as follows:- Motor vehicles 20% Furniture, Fitting and Fixtures 10% Machineries, Hardware and Computers 20% Research Equipment 20%

(c) DebtorsDebtors are stated at expected realisation value. Bad debts are written-off within a term that is determined.


79

(c) PenghutangPenghutang dinyatakan pada nilai yang dijangka boleh direalisasikan. Hutang lapuk dihapuskira pada tempoh ia dikenalpasti.

(d) PemiutangPemiutang dinyatakan pada kos iaitu pada nilai setara yang dijangka akan dibayar pada masa hadapan bagi barangan dan perkhidmatan yang diterima.

(e) Pengiktirafan pendapatanGeran Kerajaan bagi Belanja Mengurus diakaunkan berdasarkan tunai melainkan terdapat keperluan untuk pengubahsuaian dan dinyatakan dalam Penyata Pendapatan.

(f) Instrumen kewanganInstrumen kewangan di dalam Lembaran Imbangan merangkumi baki tunai dan bank, pemiutang dan penghutang. Kaedah pengiktirafan yang digunapakai dinyatakan secara individu di dalam penyata polisi perakaunan yang berkaitan.

(g) Tunai dan kesetaraan tunaiTunai dan kesetaraan tunai merangkumi wang tunai dalam tangan dan di bank.

(h) Peruntukan matawang asingUrusniaga dalam matawang asing sepanjang tahun ditukarkan kepada Ringgit Malaysia pada kadar pertukaran yang berkuatkuasa pada tarikh urusniaga tersebut. Keuntungan atau kerugian pertukaran yang timbul daripada penjelasan urusniaga matawang asing diiktiraf sebagai item biasa di dalam penyata pendapatan. Item-item di lembaran imbangan tiada melibatkan transaksi yang mempunyai nilai dalam matawang asing.

(i) Cukai pendapatanCukai pendapatan untuk untung atau rugi bagi tahun semasa terdiri daripada cukai semasa. Cukai semasa ialah jumlah anggaran cukai pendapatan yang perlu dibayar ke atas keuntungan boleh cukai bagi tahun semasa dan dikira menggunakan kadar cukai yang dikuatkuasakan pada tarikh lembaran imbangan.

(d) CreditorsCreditors are stated at a cost of value equivalent to the expected value payable in the future for goods and services received.

(e) Income recognitionGovernment grants for Operational Expenditure are accounted on a cash basis except where there is a requirement for amendment and this is stated in the Income Statement.

(f) Financial instrumentsThe financial instruments in the Balance Sheet cover cash in hand and bank, creditors and debtors. The method of recognition used is stated individually in the related accounting policy statement.

(g) Cash and cash equivalentsCash and cash equivalents include cash in hand and the bank.

(h) Foreign currency exchangeTransactions in foreign countries throughout the year were converted into Malaysian Ringgit at the rate of exchange in force on the date of the business transaction. Profit or loss of the currency exchange transaction is recognised as an ordinary item in the Income Statement.


80


3. PoLiSi PengUrUSan riSiKo KeWanganPolisi pengurusan risiko kewangan MIROS adalah untuk memastikan ianya mempunyai sumber-sumber kewangan yang mencukupi untuk menjalankan operasinya dengan lancar. MIROS membiayai operasinya dengan geran kerajaan dan sumbangan luar dan oleh itu tidak terdedah kepada risiko kewangan. Polisi MIROS bagi aktiviti yang berisiko kewangan adalah seperti berikut :-

(a) Risiko kecairan dan aliran tunaiMIROS menguruskan aliran tunai bagi memastikan kesemua keperluan pembayaran dipenuhi. Di antara kaedah pengurusan kecairan yang diamalkan adalah untuk memastikan tahap tunai memenuhi keperluan kecairan aliran tunai masa ke semasa.

(b) Risiko kreditRisiko kredit MIROS kebanyakannya timbul daripada akaun-akaun belum terima. Akaun-akaun ini adalah dipantau dari masa ke semasa melalui prosedur-prosedur pengurusan dan tindakan akan diambil bagi hutang yang tertunggak.

Items in the Balance Sheet do not involve transactions in foreign currency.

(i) Income taxThe income tax exacted on profit or loss for the current year consists of current tax. Current tax is defined as the estimation for payable income tax on the taxable profit of the current year and calculated using the tax rate enforced on the date of the balance sheet.

3. FinanCiaL riSK ManageMent PoLiCYThe financial risk policy of MIROS aims to ensure that it has adequate financial resources to operate effectively. MIROS finances its operation through government grants and external contributions and therefore is not exposed to financial risks. The MIROS policy for financial risk activities are as follows :-

(a) Liquidity and Cash Flow RiskMIROS manages its cash flow to ensure all payment requirements are met. Among the liquidity management methods practised is to ensure a level of cash that fulfills the cash flow liquidity requirement from time to time.

(b) Credit risksMost of the credit risks of MIROS surface from nonreceivable accounts. These accounts are monitored from time to time following management procedures and action will be taken on debts.


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SUSUT NILAI ASET BAGI TAHUN KEWANGAN BERAKHIR 31 DISEMBER 2010 ASSET DEPRECIATION FOR THE FINANCIAL YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2010 4. HARTANAH, LOJI DAN PERALATAN PROPERTY, PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT

KoSCoSt

1 Jan ‘10 TambahanPlus

Pelupusan/ PelarasanDisposal /

Adjustment

31 Dis ‘10

rM rM rM rM

2010

Kenderaan Vehicles 951,136 92,208 - 1,043,344

Perabot, Lekapan dan Lengkapan Furniture, Fixtures and Fittings

546,458 - - 546,458

Mesin, Alat Kelengkapan dan Komputer Machineries, Equipment and Computers

3,775,658 59,209 - 3,834,867

Alat PenyelidikanResearch Equipment

- 4,136,581 - 4,136,581

5,273,252 4,287,998 - 9,561,250

2009

Kenderaan Vehicles 951,136 - - 951,136

Perabot, Lekapan dan LengkapanFurniture, Fixtures and Fittings

487,463 58,995 - 546,458

Mesin, Alat Kelengkapan dan Komputer Machineries, Equipment and Computers

2,935,698 839,960 - 3,775,658

4,374,297 898,955 - 5,273,252

SUSUt niLaiDePreCiation

niLai BUKU BerSiH net BooK VaLUe

1 Jan ‘10 TambahanPlus

Pelupusan/ PelarasanDisposal /

Adjustment

31 Dis ‘10

rM rM rM rM rM

388,146 204,058 - 592,204 451,140

130,443 54,645 - 185,088 361,370

1,408,926 761,428 - 2,170,354 1,664,513

- 371,660 - 371,660 3,764,921

1,927,515 1,391,791 - 3,319,306 6,241,944

197,919 190,227 - 388,146 562,990

79,662 50,781 - 130,443 416,015

763,020 645,906 - 1,408,926 2,366,732

1,040,601 886,914 - 1,927,515 3,345,737


82


Unit Penerbitan MIROS menyokong MIROS dengan menyediakan perkhidmatan seperti penyuntingan, pembacaan pruf, rekaan grafik, reka letak dan juga khidmat fotografi acara-acara dan gambar kad akses kakitangan. Unit Penerbitan menerbitkan dan mengedarkan laporan kajian, laporan penilaian, inkuiri dan laporan analisa kemalangan, laporan tinjauan dan juga penerbitan korporat. Pada tahun 2010, Unit Penerbitan telah menerbitkan 18 laporan iaitu dua Laporan Penyelidikan MIROS (MRR), enam Laporan Penilaian MIROS (MER), satu Laporan Inkuiri MIROS (MIR), empat Laporan Analisa Kemalangan MIROS (MCAR), empat Laporan Tinjauan MIROS (MRev) dan satu Laporan Kod Amalan MIROS (MCOP). Unit juga telah menerbitkan 71 penerbitan maklumat korporat seperti poster, panji, buku program, brosur, dan banyak lagi. Unit Penerbitan juga telah menerima 84 permintaan khidmat suntingan bagi laporan-laporan, kertas seminar, berita dalaman, poster dan laman sesawang di samping empat permintaan bagi khidmat penterjemahan. Kakitangan reka letak unit ini juga telah menghasilkan 105 kerja reka letak sepanjang tahun 2010 untuk laporan kajian, promosi acara-acara anjuran MIROS dan juga permintaan dari agensi-agensi kerajaan lain.

The Publications Unit supports the work in MIROS by providing services such as editing, proofreading, design, layout and even photography of events or photos for the staff’s access card. It publishes and disseminates research reports, evaluation reports, inquiry and crash analysis reports, review reports and also produces corporate collaterals. In 2010, the Publications Unit printed 18 reports in total comprising two MIROS Research Reports (MRR), six MIROS Evaluation Reports (MER), one MIROS Inquiry Report (MIR), four MIROS Crash Analysis Reports (MCAR), four MIROS Review Reports (MRev) and one MIROS Code of Practice (MCOP). The unit also produced 71 corporate collaterals which include posters, buntings, programme book, brochures and many others. The unit serviced 84 editing requests consists of reports, proceeding papers, newsletter, posters and website in addition to four translation services were given. The design team of this unit produced 105 design works and services for the whole year of 2010 as part of the support for research work, events for MIROS and even requests by other agencies.

LAPORAN PENERBITANPUBLICATIONS REPORT

83

Selaras dengan Dasar Latihan Sumber Manusia Sektor Awam yang menetapkan setiap anggota perkhidmatan awam perlu melengkapkan diri/dilengkapkan dengan sikap (attitude), kemahiran (skills) dan pengetahuan (knowledge) yang bersesuaian, MIROS juga amat menitik beratkan perkara ini dan menyedari pentingnya usaha-usaha pembangunan sumber manusia kepada kakitangan di semua peringkat.

Salah satu strategi pelaksanaan Dasar Latihan Sumber Manusia Sektor Awam ialah memastikan anggota perkhidmatan di semua peringkat mengikuti kursus sekurang-kurangnya tujuh hari setahun. Justeru itu, bagi memastikan strategi ini berjaya, MIROS melalui Unit Latihan dan Pembangunan Kapasiti (ULPK) telah merancang dan melaksanakan pelbagai program pembangunan kapasiti yang berteraskan pembangunan kompetensi dan pembelajaran berterusan.

Bagi tahun 2010, Pihak Pengurusan MIROS telah menetapkan sasaran agar 90% kakitangan MIROS di semua peringkat mengikuti latihan sekurang-kurangnya tujuh hari setahun manakala 10% lagi menghadiri latihan di antara satu hingga enam hari. Namun pencapaian yang ditunjukkan amat memberangsangkan apabila 100% kakitangan berstatus tetap dan kontrak telah berjaya mengikuti latihan sekurang-kurangnya tujuh hari pada tahun 2010. Walau bagaimanapun, jumlah itu tidak termasuk kakitangan yang berstatus sambilan dan kakitangan yang tempoh perkhidmatannya kurang daripada 6 bulan. Secara keseluruhannya sebanyak 264 program latihan anjuran pelbagai pihak telah dihadiri oleh kakitangan MIROS sepanjang tahun 2010.

In line with the Public Sector Human Resource Training Policy which requires every member of the civil service to be equipped with the necessary attitude, skills and knowledge, MIROS too realises the importance of human resource development throughout the ranks and puts the same amount of emphasis on the three factors.

One of the strategies in the implementation of the Civil Sector Human Resource Training Policy is ensuring that all members regardless of the ranks attend at least seven days of training every year. To ensure the success of this effort, MIROS through its Training and Capacity Development Unit (ULPK) had planned and executed various development programmes which were aimed at developing competency and promoting life-long learning.

In year 2010, the management of MIROS had set that 90% of MIROS staff had at least seven days of training while another 10% had attended training between one and six days. Nevertheless, the achievement shown is very well commended when 100% of both permanent and contract staff had successfully attended training for at least seven days in 2010. However, the number did not include part-time staff and those whose term of service were less than six months.

Overall, a total of 264 training programmes organised by various agencies were attended by MIROS staff throughout 2010.

BiL JeniS LatiHan tYPe oF training BiLangan LatiHannUMBer oF CoUrSeS

1. Kursus Dalaman 29

2. Kursus Luar (Dalam Negara) 95

3. Kursus Luar (Luar Negara) 6

4. Persidangan (Dalam Negara) 36

5. Persidangan (Luar Negara ) 16

6. Bengkel/Mesyuarat (Dalam Negara) 30

7. Bengkel/Mesyuarat (Luar Negara) 13

8. Lawatan > 8 Jam (Dalam Negara) 3

9. Lawatan > 8 Jam (Luar Negara) 7

10. Ceramah / Taklimat 10

11. Wacana ILMU 19

JUMLaH 264

LAPORAN LATIHAN DAN PEMBANGUNAN KAPASITI TRAINING AND CAPACITY BUILDING REPORT

84


KUrSUS DaLaMan Sepanjang 2010, Unit Latihan dan Pembangunan Kapasiti, dengan kerjasama Pusat dan Bahagian lain di MIROS, telah menganjurkan sebanyak 29 kursus dalaman. Kursus dalaman tersebut melibatkan pelbagai cabang ilmu dan kemahiran, dan dan dihadiri oleh pelbagai peringkat kakitangan.

internaL CoUrSeSThroughout 2010, The Training and Capacity Building Unit, in collaboration with other Centres and Divisions at MIROS, organised 29 internal courses. These courses covered a wide range of subject matters and were attended by staff from various levels and centres/divisions.

BiL KUrSUS CoUrSeS BiL PeSerta PartiCiPantS anJUran organiSer

1. Bengkel Kepimpinan, Pemantapan & Peningkatan Kemahiran (Kppk) 2010 Untuk Staf Sokongan REER (3 Hari/days)

27 REER

2. Kursus Pengukuhan Integriti Penjawat Awam (1 hari/day) 24 ULPK

3. Bengkel Pengkelasan Dokumen Terperingkat (1 hari/day) 18 ULPK

4. Sesi Latihan Saga (Sesi I) (10 hari/days) 10 UNIT KEWANGAN & CENTURY SOFTWARE

5. Kursus Induksi Modul Khusus (4 hari/days) 10 ULPK

6. Kursus Failure Mode @ Effect Analysis (2 hari/days) 17 RUBC

7. Kursus Presentation Skills (2 hari/days) 16 ULPK

8. Kursus Perancangan Kewangan Efektif (1 hari/day) 47 ULPK

9. Kursus Pra Perkahwinan (2 hari/days) 30 i-MIROS

10. Kursus Komunikasi Interpersonal (1 hari/day) 28 ULPK

11. Kursus Provision of Light Vechile Defensive Driving (2 hari/days) 8 ULPK

12. Bengkel Statistik Untuk Pegawai Penyelidik REER (Siri 1) (3 hari/days) 14 REER

13. Bengkel Statistik Untuk Pegawai Penyelidik REER (Siri 2) (3 hari/days) 18 REER

14. Kursus Writing Speaking English Support Staff (2 hari/days) 28 ULPK

15. Kursus Perisian Smartdraw & Powerpoint (3 hari/days) 21 REER, ULPK & NADI-AYU TECHNOLOGIES SDN BHD

16. Kursus Kefahaman Elaun dan Saraan (1 hari/day) 18 ULPK

17. Bengkel Pengenalan Audit Keselamatan Jalan Raya (1 hari/day) 24 REER

18. Kursus Perkhidmatan Kaunter dan Telefon Berkualiti (2 hari/days) 16 ULPK

19. Bengkel Survey Equiptment-GPS-Real Time Kinematic (3 hari/days) 23 REER

20. Kem Gerak Gempur Iman dan Fizikal (3 hari/days) 29 I-MIROS

21. Kursus Revealed Preference (RP) Stated Preference (SP) Survey Design (2 hari/days) 17 REER, RUBC & ULPK

22. Sesi Latihan Saga (Sesi II) (1 hari/day) 10 UNIT KEWANGAN & CENTURY SOFTWARE


85

BiL KUrSUS CoUrSeSBiL PeSerta PartiCiPantS

anJUran organiSer

23. Program Penulisan Penyelidikan (English Research Writing) - Modul 1 & 2 (1 hari/day) 20 ULPK

24. Latihan Pertolongan Cemas Pekerjaan (2 hari/days) 20 RUBC & ULPK

25. Kursus Pengenalan Organisasi (Untuk Pegawai Kontrak dan Sambilan) (2 hari/days) 10 ULPK

26. Kursus Pengendalian dan Pengacaraan Majlis (2 hari/days) 18 ULPK

27. Kursus Pengurusan Jenazah (1 hari/day) 56 i-MIROS & ULPK

28. Kursus Penulisan Surat Rasmi dan Laporan (2 hari/days) 29 ULPK

29. Kursus Kreativiti, Inovasi dan Pemikiran Lateral (2 hari/days) 21 ULPK

Nota: Kursus Induksi Modul Umum tidak direkodkan dalam Rekod Latihan KakitanganNote: Kursus Induksi Modul Umum is not recorded in the Staff Training Record

Kursus Pengukuhan Integriti Penjawat AwamSelaras dengan falsafah Pelan Integriti nasional (PIN) iaitu membina masyarakat yang bermoral, beretika dan berintegriti di samping meningkatkan kewibawaan penjawat-penjawat awam supaya ikhlas, jujur dan tidak terpengaruh oleh gejala-gejala negatif, ULPK dengan kerjasama Institut Integriti Malaysia (IIM) telah mengambil inisiatif melaksanakan Kursus Pengukuhan Integriti Penjawat Awam pada 23 Februari 2011 bertempat di Bilik Latihan Aras 1 dan dihadiri oleh 24 orang kakitangan pelbagai peringkat.

Civil Servants’ Integrity Enhancement CourseIn line with the philosophy of the National Integrity Plan (PIN) to develop a society with moral, ethical and integrity as well as to enhance their credibility, ULPK, with the cooperation from Institut Integrity Malaysia (IIM), organised a Civil Servant Integrity Enhancement Course in Februari 2010. The course was conducted in-house and was attended by 24 personnel from various departments.


86


BiL naMa LatiHan naMe oF training

BiL PeSertanUMBer oF

PartiCiPantanJUran organiSer

1. Kursus CCM Basic 1 VGS Technology (M) Sdn. Bhd

2. Kursus Introduction to ARCGIS 9.X 2 Geoinfo Services Sdn Bhd

3. Kursus Microsoft Office Word 2007 (Level 1-3) 7 Nota Asia Training Services

4. Kursus Diadem Basics 4 National Instruments

5. Kursus Pengurusan Stor 1 Yayasan Amanah Latihan Berkanun

6. Kursus Hands-On Switches, Router, Firewalls and VPNs 1 Netgoogling Technologies

7. Kursus Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 (OSHA 1994) 3 NIOSH

8. Kursus Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment and Risk Control (Hirarc) 3 NIOSH

9. Kursus Adobe In-Design (Level 2) 1 Teras One Solution Sdn. Bhd.

10. Bengkel MARC 21 1 Perpustakaan Negara Malaysia

11. Kursus Knowledge Management 1 INTAN

12. Kursus Adobe In-Design CS4 (Level 3) 1 Teras One Solution Sdn. Bhd.

13. Kursus Effective Questionnaire Design Using SPSS 6 SPSS BI (M) Sdn. Bhd.

14. Kursus Memahami Penerbitan 1 Medium Books & Consultancy

15. “Literature Review & Statistics” A Step by Step Guide for Beginners 3 UPM

16. Kursus Pencegahan Penyiasatan dan Laporan Kemalangan Profesional 2 Safety Utama Training & Management Service

17. Kursus Corporation 2.0 3 Frontier on Knowledge International

18. REAM Road Safety Audit (RSA) Training Programme 2 Road Engineering Association of Malaysia (REAM)

19. Event Management Workshop 1 Atcen Communications Sdn Bhd

20. 3D Studio Max 9.0 with VRAY Professional Certificate 2 Vixmatech Computer Sales & Services

21. Kursus Pelantikan 3 Yayasan Amanah Latihan Berkanun

22. Statistical Analysis Using SPSS 1 SPSS BI (M) Sdn. Bhd.

23. Kursus Kesedaran Keselamatan (AWP 1006) 1 Jabatan Perdana Menteri (JPM)

24. 10 Tools for Highly Effective Leaders 1 Emerge Knowledge Connection

25. Minggu Setiausaha 2010 6 SETC Management

26. Bengkel Seronok Bekerja 1 UTM

LATIHAN DALAM DAN LUAR NEGARADOMESTIC AND INTERNATIONAL TRAINING

87



PartiCiPant

anJUran organiSer

27. Kursus Pengurusan Stor 1 INTAN

28. Kursus Pengenalan Kepada SPSS 6 APEEC, UPM

29. Kursus Adobe In-Design CS3 (Level 1) 1 Teras One Solution Sdn. Bhd.

30. Adobe In-Design Level 2 1 Teras One Solution Sdn. Bhd.

31. Kursus Manual Prosedur Kerja & Fail Meja 2 INTAN

32. Linux System Administration 1 OSCC

33. Basic Train the Trainer 1 NIOSH

34. Kursus Pemikiran Strategik Bil 2/2010 1 INTAN

35. Kursus Membina Potensi Diri 2 Persatuan Badan Berkanun

36. BEM Safety and Health At Work 5 Board of Engineers Malaysia (BEM)

37. 9th National Workshop on Basic Statistical Methods in Medical Research 2010 6 Pusat Pengajian Sains Perubatan, USM

38. Kursus Komunikasi Berkesan ke Arah Peningkatan Produktiviti dan Kualiti 12 Yayasan Amanah Latihan Berkanun

39. Technical Saga Training 1 Century Software

40. MIROS Training on Hybrid 3 50th Percentile & P6 Dummies 2 FTSS

41. Adobe In-Design CS3: Level 2 1 Teras One Solution Sdn Bhd

42. Bengkel Pengurusan Tatatertib 1 INTAN

43. Appreciation of Welding Metallurgy 1 Welding Institute Malaysia

44. Adobe Photoshop CS3 Level 1 1 Teras One Solution Sdn. Bhd.

45. Autodesk Inventor Training Course: Intermediate 1 Oriental Option

46. Brain and Gender: Research Application 3 USM

47. Kursus Bina Taqwa Kementerian Pengangkutan 1 Kementerian Pengangkutan

48. Securing the Network Series 2 2 Suruhanjaya Komunikasi dan Multimedia Malaysia

49. Public Speaking & High Impact Presentation Skills 1 M2 Asia Sdn Bhd

50. 7th National Workshop on Advanced Statistical Methods 6 USM

51. Facial Recognition for Emotion Prediction 2 USM

52. ASME Code Section VII Div 1 1 The Institute of Engineers Malaysia


88




PartiCiPant

anJUran organiSer

53. Designing a Windows Server 2008 Active Directory Infrastructure & Services 1 Info Trek Sdn Bhd

54. Appreciation of Welding & Cutting Processes 1 Welding Institute Malaysia

55. BEM Safety and Health at Work 2 IEM Training Centre Sdn Bhd

56. Program Transformasi Belia Cemerlang 1 Malaysia 2 Sekretariat Pembelaan & Pemerkasaan Wanita Islam (KPWKM)

57. Autodesk Inventor - Intermediate to Advance Level 1

58. Kursus Pegawai Protokol, Pegawai Pengiring dan Penyambut Tetamu 1 Habiumi Resources Sdn Bhd

59. 10th National Workshop on Basic Statistical Methods in Medical Research 2010 1 Pusat Pengajian Sains Perubatan, USM

60. Kursus Protokol Pengendalian Majlis Rasmi 1 Habiumi Resources Sdn Bhd

61. Project Estimation and Tendering 3 CIDB

62. Defensive Driving Course 2 Asia Advance Driving Academy

63. Structural Equation Modelling: Theory and Practice 1 SPSS Users’ Association of Kuala Lumpur and Selangor

64. Effective Sampling Technique and Data Analysis Using SPSS 3 SPSS Users’ Association of Kuala Lumpur and Selangor

65. Kursus & Seminar IRAP Fundamentals 2010 7 MIROS, IRAP Asia Pacific, Queensland University of Technology & JKR

66. Bently Mixroad Software Training 5 REER

67. 6th National Workhsop on Scientific Writing 2010 6 Dept. of Community Medicine, USM

68. Adobe Photoshop: Level 2 1 Teras One Solution Sdn. Bhd.

69. Kursus Teori dan Teknik Terjemahan 1 Jabatan Peguam Negara

70. Kursus Strategi Pengurusan Latihan 1 Yayasan Amanah Latihan Berkanun

71. Adobe Illustrator: Level 2 1 Teras One Solution Sdn. Bhd.

72. Menjana Kemahiran Mempelbagaikan Tugas 2 SETC Management

73. Luminys Fundamental Training for Lighting System 2 Hi-Tech Prestige Sdn Bhd & Luminys

74. Bengkel Pemanduan Berhemah 3 Space, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia

75. Kursus Organisasi Bahan Perpustakaan 1 Perpustakaan Negara

76. Profiling Human Brain Activity for Prediction of Human Emotion Workshop 2 Advanced Medical and Dental Institute & USM

77. Sesi Latihan Submodul Pengurusan Cuti HRMIS 2 MOT

78. Bengkel Pengkatalogan Deskripsi: Monograf dan Terbitan Bersiri 1 Perpustakaan Negara


89



PartiCiPant

anJUran organiSer

79. Kursus Pengurusan Aset Alih 2 Lembaga Pelabuhan Kuantan

80. Managing Time and Multiple Priorities 1 Golden Ivory Solution

81. Kursus PC Maintenance and Configuration 1 Serai Solutions

82. OSH in the Office 1 NIOSH

83. Sustainable Road & Transport System in Malaysia 2 USM Pulau Pinang

84. Bengkel Minda Ketara Sedar 1 IKIM

85. Workshop on Scientific Writing Skill 5 Malaysian Nuclear Agency

86. Microsoft Excel-Intermediate/Advanced 2 Info Trek Sdn. Bhd

87. Understanding Wheel Alignment for Heavy Commercial Vehicles 1 Automotive Aftersales Industry and Manbeni Machine Tools

88. Bengkel Penutupan Akaun 1 Jabatan Akauntan Negara

89. Kursus Keberkesanan Penulisan Laporan dan Surat Rasmi 1 Golden Ivory Solution

90. Let’s Conduct Research: A 3-day Workshop for Librarians 1 Faculty of Information Management, UiTM

91. Injury Prevention Research Course 17 MIROS

92. Adobe After Effect: Intermediate - Advance 1 Oriental Option

93. Bengkel Fotografi DSLR Lanjutan 1 Deeta Management Solution Sdn. Bhd.

94. Research Methdology MGT 301 1 MOSTI & Nuklear Malaysia

95. Kursus Membentuk Pekerja Inovatif dan Kreatif 2 Yayasan Amanah Latihan Berkanun


iRAP Fundamental 2010 Course and SeminarThis programme was the continuation of a pilot project conducted by iRAP Malaysia in 2007. The course provided related exposure and detailed understandings of the concepts and methodologies of iRAP to the participants. Held from 27 September to 1 October 2010 at Le Meridien Hotel, Kuala Lumpur, it was jointly organised by MIROS, iRAP Asia Pacific, Queensland University of Technology, and the Public Works Department (PWD), targeting road engineers and research officers in this particular field.

Kursus dan Seminar iRAP Fundamental 2010Program ini merupakan kesinambungan daripada projek pilot iRAP Malaysia yang diadakan pada tahun 2007. Kursus ini dilaksanakan untuk memberi pendedahan dan pemahaman terperinci berkaitan konsep dan metodologi iRAP kepada para peserta. Dilaksanakan pada 27 September hingga 1 Oktober 2010 di Hotel Le Meridien, Kuala Lumpur, kursus anjuran bersama MIROS, iRAP Asia Pasifik, Queensland University of Technology dan Jabatan Kerja Raya (JKR) ini mensasarkan penyertaan jurutera-jurutera jalan dan pegawai penyelidik dalam bidang berkaitan.

90


BiL naMa LatiHan training titLe anJUran organiSer teMPat VenUe

1. In-Depth Accident Investigation Training Programme for the Malaysian Institute of Road Safety Research (MIROS)

Vehicle Safety Research Centre, Loughborough University Loughborough, United Kingdom

2. Special Training on Medical and Technical Investigation Methods Accident Research Institute, Technical University of Dresden Dresden, Germany

3. Achieving Work-Life Balance for Success SETC Management Bandung, Indonesia

4. Crash Test Procedure Development and Hands-On Training with Established Crash Centre

Japanese Automobile Research Centre Institute (JARI) Tsukuba, Jepun

5. Road Safety in Asian and Latin American Countries: Principles and Approaches Transportation Research Institute Hesselt University, Belgium

6. 20th Annual International Course on Transportation Planning and Safety Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi New Delhi, India

oVerSeaS training PrograMMeSInformation sharing and knowledge acquisition are imperative in self-development and expansion of knowledge repertoire. Hence, for this purpose, MIROS is active in providing the opportunities of overseas training for its staff.

LatiHan LUar negara Perkongsian maklumat dan pemerolehan ilmu pengetahuan adalah amat penting bagi pembangunan diri dan peningkatan kumpulan ilmu pengetahuan di MIROS. Oleh yang demikian, MIROS aktif dalam menyediakan latihan luar negara untuk kakitangannya.


91

Kursus Antarabangsa Tahunan Perancangan dan Keselamatan Pengangkutan ke 20Indian Institute of Technology Delhi di bawah Transportation Research and Injury Program telah menganjurkan The 20th International Course on Transportation Planning and Safety pada 26 November hingga 7 Disember 2010 di New Delhi, India dan telah dihadiri enam orang pegawai penyelidik dari MIROS. Program selama sembilan hari ini menggabungkan ahli-ahli professional yang berpengalaman dalam bidang impak terhadap biomekanik dan kebolehtahanan perlanggaran kenderaan, penjagaan pra hospital, perancangan pengangkutan serta promosi keselamatan.

20th Annual International Course on Transportation Planning and SafetyThe Indian Institute of Technology Delhi under the Transportation Research and Injury Program organised The 20th International Course on Transportation Planning and Safety from 26 November to 7 December 2010, in New Delhi, India. MIROS sent six of its research officers to this distinguished nine-day programme. The course brought together experienced professionals in the areas of biomechanics of impact and vehicle crashworthiness, pre hospital care, transport planning and safety promotion.


1. Implementing United Nations Legal Instruments : Towards Improving Road Safety in Developing Countries

Institute of Road Traffic Education, India New Delhi, India

2. The 1st International Conference of the Thai Society for Transportation Studies’ on ‘The Future of Human Mobility’

Thai Society for Transportation & Traffic Studies Phuket, Thailand

3. 51st Annual Transportation Research Forum (TRF) Transportation Research Forum Arlington, USA

4. Road Safety on Four Continents RS4C VTI Abu Dhabi

5. 16th IRF World Meeting: Crash - Road Safety Research GIS Based System International Road Federation (IRF) Portugal

6. Automotive Testing Expo, Crash Seminar and Technical Meetings - Jerman, Itali, Perancis dan Belgium

7. 2010 Australasian Road Safety Research, Policing, and Education Conference Aust. Dept. of Infrastructure, Transport, Regional Development and Local Government

Canberra, Australia

8. Driving Simulator Conference 2010 - Paris, Perancis

9. The 3rd International Conference on Transportation and Logistic (T-Log2010) T-Log Fukuoka, Jepun

10. 4th International Conference - Expert Symposium on Accident Research ESAR Jerman

11. United States Technical Visits & ICRASH Conference 2010 - USA

12. International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IE & EM) Industrial Engineering Institution (CMES) Xiamen, China

13. The 4th GRSP Asia Seminar: Preparing for the Decade of Action on Road Safety Global Road Safety Partnership Siem Reap, Cambodia

14. World Forum for Harmonization of Vehicle Regulations Inland Transport Committee Geneva, Switzerland

15. Safety Practices Among Bus Operators During Wee Hour Operations World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology (Waset) Venice, Italy

16. The 8th International Forum of Automotive Traffice Safety (INFATS 2010) Hunan University, China Wuhu, China

PerSiDangan LUar negara oVerSeaS ConFerenCeS


92


PerSiDangan DaLaM negara nationaL ConFerenCeS

BiL naMa LatiHan ConFerenCeS anJUran organiSer

1. Geospatial Technology Update Seminars GIS Development Sdn Bhd

2. Forum Kempen Minggu SHE UTP 2010 Universiti Teknologi Petronas

3. International Symposium on Save Mobility & International Cooperation MIROS & ASMO, Hiroshima University, Japan

4. Survey Research Seminar SPSS BI (M) Sdn. Bhd.

5. PLUS International Expressway Conference & Exhibition 2010 PLUS

6. Seminar Personel ICT Sektor Awam Bil. 1 Tahun 2010 MAMPU

7. Experiencing Innovative Application Management Solutions INTAN

8. MRSS 6th International Remote Sensing & GIS Conference Malaysian Society for Remote Sensing

9. Sustainable Urban Transport Integration Marcus Evans

10. Seminar “Securing the Network 2010” Suruhanjaya Komunikasi dan Multimedia

11. National Conference : Improving Accountability and Public Service Management Efficiency UTM

12. 4th National Conference for Clinical Research 2010 Clinical Research Centre, Ministry of Health

13. The Regional Conference on Statistical Sciences 2010 Institut Statistik Malaysia & UiTM

14. Seminar on MS825 COP for Design of Road Lighting SIRIM

15. Persidangan & Pameran GIS Kebangsaaan Ke 4 Kementerian Sumber Asli & Alam Sekitar

16. Seminar “Improving the Design and Installation of Traffic Safety Barriers along Major Roads In Malaysia” JKR & JK REAM Education Fund

17. Persidangan Kebangsaan: Pengurusan Aduan Menurut Perspektif Islam Institut Perkembangan Minda (INMIND)

18. Conference of Occupational Safety and Health NIOSH

19. World Engineering Congress Malaysian Society for Engineering & Technology

20. Seminar Hari Kesihatan Sedunia Peringkat Negeri Selangor - ”Kesan Urbanisasi Terhadap Kesihatan - 1000 Cities, 1000 Lives: Urban Health Matters”

Jabatan Kesihatan Negeri Selangor

21. Seminar dan Workshop on Scholarly Thinking USM

22. Eca Faros: Car Driving Simulator in Rehabilitation Seminar 2010 Eca Faros & Maycare

23. 8th Malaysian Road Conference 2010 JKR & REAM

24. Seminar Inovasi Yayasan Amanah Latihan Berkanun

25. 3M Library Systems Seminar 3M


93

International Symposium on Safe Mobility and International CooperationPersidangan ini adalah anjuran bersama di antara MIROS dan ASMO (Centre of Asian Safe Mobility Research Japan) yang telah diadakan di Hotel Nikko, Kuala Lumpur. Seramai 12 orang peserta dari MIROS telah menyertai persidangan selama dua hari ini bermula dari 9 hingga 10 Mac 2010. MIROS telah membentangkan empat kertas kerja.

MIROS Road Safety Conference (ROSCON 2010)The 1st MIROS Road Safety Conference (ROSCON 2010) adalah persidangan yang julung kali dianjurkan oleh MIROS telah diadakan Hotel Seri Pacific Kuala Lumpur pada 8 hingga 9 Disember 2010. Bertemakan Road Safety: Addressing the Bottom Billions, persidangan ini berjaya menarik penyertaan peserta dari dalam dan luar negara. Sebanyak 40 kertas kerja telah dibentangkan (13 daripadanya adalah pembentangan poster) manakala 2 orang pakar dalam bidang keselamatan jalan raya iaitu Prof. Dr. Dinesh Mohan dari Indian Institute of Technology dan Dato’ Ir. Dr. Radin Umar Radin Sohadi, Ketua Pengarah Jabatan Pengajian Tinggi yang juga mantan Ketua Pengarah MIROS telah dijemput untuk menyampaikan ucap utama dalam persidangan tersebut.

BiL naMa LatiHan ConFerenCeS anJUran organiSer

26. International Road Safety Seminar and Workshop 2010 from Vision to Implementation Jabatan Keselamatan Jalan Raya Malaysia (JKJR) & Kedutaan Sweden

27. World Congress of Accountants 2010 MIA

28. Kreativiti dan Inovasi dalam Dunia Semasa: Pendekatan Islam IKIM

29. Seminar Pengurusan Perubahan: Media Sosial Merapatkan Penglibatan Rakyat dengan Kerajaan MAMPU

30. National Seminar Islamic Educational Thought in the Malay World; Reclaiming the Conversation Institut Pendidikan, UIAM

31. 3rd International Automotive Conference ASLI

32. International Conference on Sustainable Mobility 2010 (ICSM 2010) UTM/SAE/Proton

33. MIROS Road Safety Conference 2010 (ROSCON 2010) MIROS

34. National Summit on Urban Public Transport ASLI

35. Road Safety Seminar MASAM

International Symposium on Safe Mobility and International CooperationThe conference was a jointly-held event organised by MIROS and ASMO (Centre of Asian Safe Mobility Research Japan) and it was held at the Nikko Hotel of Kuala Lumpur. 12 participants from MIROS had attended the two-day conference from 9 to 10 March 2010. There were four papers presented by MIROS.

MIROS Road Safety Conference (ROSCON 2010)MIROS Road Safety Conference (ROSCON 2010) was the first road safety conference to be held by MIROS. Held at the Kuala Lumpur Seri Pacific Hotel on the 8 and 9 December 2010 with the theme “Road Safety: Addressing the Bottom Billions”, it attracted both local and international participation. Over 40 research were presented, with 13 of them presented as poster presentations, and two experts in the field of road safety; Prof. Dr. Dinesh Mohan from the Indian Institute of Technology and Dato’ Ir. Dr. Radin Umar Radin Sohadi, the Director General of the Higher Learning Department and also the former Director General of MIROS, were present as the main speakers of the conference.


94


BengKeL/MeSYUarat LUar negara internationaL WorKSHoPS/MeetingS

BiL naMa LatiHan TRAINING TITLE anJUran ORGANISER teMPat VENUE

1. Transport Ministers Meeting on Road Transport Logistics Safety and Productivity in The Region Kementerian Pengangkutan Malaysia (MoT) Melbourne, Australia

2. Mesyuarat “ISO/PC 241 Road Safety Management System” Jabatan Standard Malaysia Beijing, China

3. Perbincangan : IRAP Training Materials for Malaysia Queensland University of Technology Brisbane, Australia

4. Asean Multisector Road Safety Special Working Group (MRSSWG) Meeting Ministry of Public Works and Transport Kemboja

5. Mesyuarat Jawatankuasa Automotive Product Working Group (APWG) Bagi (ACCSQ) Jabatan Pengangkutan Jalan Naw Pyi Taw, Myanmar

6. Mesyuarat PIARC TC.C2 PIARC Norway

7. Iso/Tc 22 “Road Vehicles” Meeting Jabatan Standard Malaysia Beijing, China

8. Mesyuarat Theme Coordinator C PIARC Bersama Ketua Jawatankuasa Teknikal PIARC Washington

9. Mesyuarat Jawatankuasa ISO/TC22 (Road Vehicles) / SC22, SC23, Working Group (WG) Society of Automotive of Japan Milan, Itali

10. World NCAP Meeting and Signing of MoU NCAP Jepun

11. 11th Meeting of the IRTAD Group Irish Road Safety Authority, Dublin, Ireland Dublin

12. Road Traffic Safety Management System (ISO/PC 241) Jabatan Standard Malaysia Beijing, China

13. International Meeting for Electric Motorcycle Working Group CATARC Shanghai, China


95

BengKeL / MeSYUarat DaLaM negara LoCaL WorKSHoPS/MeetingS

Bil naMa LatiHan training titLe anJUran organiSer

1. Bengkel Putting Plan Into Action - Enforcement Jabatan Pengangkutan Jalan

2. VSB Workshop 1 VSB

3. Report Writing Workshop RUBC

4. Bengkel Pembangunan Manual Auditan Kod Amalan SHE Unit QSHE, VSB

5. Bengkel Penulisan Laporan MCAR (Sesi 1) CRASE, VSB

6. Bengkel Penulisan Laporan MCAR (Sesi 2) CRU, VSB

7. Retreat Pengurusan VSB VSB

8. Bengkel Bahagian Pentadbiran dan Kewangan BPK, MIROS

9. VSB Workshop 2 VSB

10. Bengkel Halatuju CRU CRU, VSB

11. Bengkel Tatacara dan Piawaian Malaysia Guidebook for Traffic and Road Safety Assessment (METRA) Siri 3 REER

12. Bengkel Halatuju RUBC Siri Ii RUBC

13. Bengkel Pemantapan MBJ MBJ MIROS

14. Bengkel Teknologi & Aplikasi Sistem Satelit Navigasi Global (GNSS) 2010 Agensi Angkasa Negara

15. Bengkel Penggubal Soalan dan Panel Penilai Bagi Penilaian Tahap Kecekapan (PTK) Kementerian Pengangkutan Lembaga-Lembaga Pelabuhan Malaysia

16. VSB Research Monitoring Workshop 1 VSB

17. Rail Planning & Development Workshop IKRAM Latihan Sdn Bhd

18. VSB Research Monitoring Workshop 2 VSB

19. 128 Channels Basic Event Related Potential HUSM

20. Program Sangkutan di Jabatan Perkhidmatan Awam (JPA) Mengenai Pengurusan Cuti Belajar ULPK & JPA

21. Bengkel Pemurnian Garis Panduan dan Hala Tuju BPK 2011 BPK, MIROS

22. Bengkel Pembangunan Modul Latihan Metra Bagi Tujuan Pengenalan METRA dalam Roscon 2010 REER

23. Mesyuarat Anggota Bahagian Senggara Fasiliti Jalan JKR

24. Industry Talk on “Securing the Network 2010 Series 3: The Age of Botnet” Suruhanjaya Komunikasi dan Multimedia Malaysia

25. Bengkel Hala Tuju PKM PKM

26. Sanggar Kerja Unit Sistem Pangkalan Data Kemalangan dan Analisis (ADSA) ADSA, REER

27. Bengkel Laluan Kerjaya Siri Ii BPK, MIROS


96


Bil naMa LatiHan training titLe anJUran organiSer

28. Bengkel Tatacara dan Piawaian Kerja Untuk “MIROS Road Safety Assessment” (MRSA) Siri 3 REER

29. Technical Workshop for Saga Implementation Century Software

30. Sanggar Kerja Unit Perancangan Pengangkutan dan Kejuruteraan Keselamatan Trafik REER

LaWatan LUar negara internationaL ViSitS


1. EURO NCAP Manufacturers’s Viewing EURO NCAP Brussels, Belgium

2. Technical and Study Tour Safety Week MIROS Frankfurt, Germany

3. Lawatan Kerja ke Makmal Perlanggaran MIROS Jepun

4. Korea New Assessment Program (KNCAP): Method & Protocol Assessment Visit to Road Safety Agencies & Vehicle Manufacturers in Korea

MIROS Seoul, Korea

5. Australia New Car Assessment Program (ANCAP) [Method & Protocol Assessment] Crash Testing For Safety (ANCAP) Sydney, Australia

6. Lawatan Kerja ke Luar Negara, Jabatan Akauntan Negara Jabatan Akauntan Negara Australia

7. Proving Ground in Thailand & Automotive Safety Related HC Tracking Services Sdn. Bhd Bangkok, Thailand


1. Lawatan ke NAZA Gurun (NAM) MIROS/NAZA Nam, Gurun, Kedah

2. Lawatan ke Honda Melaka CRASE, MIROS/Honda Honda Melaka

3. Lawatan Sambil Belajar ke Pusat Pengurusan Penyelidikan UUM,USM dan Kampus Kejuruteraan USM Pejabat Ketua Pengarah Kedah, Pulau Pinang, Perak

LaWatan DaLaM negara DoMeStiC ViSitS


97

BiL naMa LatiHan training titLe PeMBentang/anJUran organiSer

1. Majlis Perutusan Ketua Pengarah 2010 Pejabat Ketua Pengarah, di Auditorium Institut Latihan Kehakiman dan Perundangan (ILKAP) Bangi

2. Taklimat Media Portal RUBC

3. Pembentangan PTK - Post Bengkel Laluan Kerjaya ULPK, MIROS

4. Taklimat Cuti Belajar ULPK, MIROS

5. Ceramah Muslimah: Smart di Sini dan di Sana Satu Penghuraian Ustazah Hjh Rokiah Ibrahim (Penceramah Bebas)

6. Taklimat SKT Pegawai-Pegawai Penilai Bersama Ketua Pengarah Unit Pentadbiran, MIROS

7. Ceramah Sempena Program Ihya’ Ramadhan 1431H / 2010M Ustaz Mohd Fadzli Ismail (Penceramah Jemputan - UPM) / i-MIROS

8. Ceramah Sempena Program Sambutan Nuzul Al-Quran dan Majlis Iftar MIROS 2010 Ustaz Mohd Fadzli Ismail (Penceramah Jemputan - UPM) / i-MIROS

9. Ceramah Pendidikan dan Pencegahan Dadah ULPK, MIROS

10. Ceramah Program Sambutan Maal Hijrah 1432 - Tekad Hijrah: Perjuangan Palestine Adalah Perjuanganku Ustaz Hasanuddin bin Mohd Yunus (Penceramah Jemputan - Aqsa Syarif) / i-MIROS

CeraMaH/taKLiMat taLK/BreiFing


98


WaCana iLMU MiroS DiSCUSSionS

BiL naMa LatiHan training titLe PenCeraMaH DeLiVereD BY

1. Driver Training Initiatives Mohamed Noor Sany (E-Response Group of Companies)

2. Categorical Data Analysis Wan Fairos Wan Yaacob (Fakulti Sains Komputer &

Matematik UiTM)

3. Deformation Phenomenon in Impact Loading - Perspective

Prof Dr Narinder K. Gupta

4. Patent and Commercialisation Strategy for University/Research Institutions

Lok Choon Hong (Pintas IP Group)

5. Validity and Reliability of Questionnaire Prof Madya Dr Rasimah Aripin (Fakulti Sains Komputer &

Matematik UiTM)

6. Penerangan Tentang Zakat Pegawai Lembaga Zakat Selangor

7. Faedah Skim PERKESO Norazlina Ishak (Pegawai PERKESO)

8. Instrumented Vehicles & Strategy Modelling Dr David Logan (MUARC)

9. English Playshop for Ladies Rasheedah Zakariya(Coaching Zone Sdn Bhd)

10. Asas Pengambilan Trengkas Fadhilah Omar & Nurmaizah Jamsuri (DGO & VSB, MIROS)

11. Photography Critique Session Mohd Yusof Abd Ghani (RUBC, MIROS)

12. Birmingham Experience Part 1 - Collision Deformation Classification (CDC) and Vehicle Crash Impacts

Mohd Huzaifah Muntalip (VSB, MIROS)

BiL naMa LatiHan training titLe PenCeraMaH DeLiVereD BY

13. Birmingham Experience Part 2 - Airtools Damage Software, Collision Severity and Delta V


14. Sistem EEG/EOG/ECG Mudah Alih Enobio Alenjandro Riera & Georgios Vallis (Pegawai Teknikal dari Starlab,

Barcelona)

15. Using the Behavioral Sciences Theory & Structural Equation Model in Behavioral Intervention: Helmet Use

Kamarudin AmbakPensyarah, Universiti Tun Hussein

Onn

16. Teknik Pencahayaan dalam Fotografi Hazrul Affandy Hamalitdin (VSB, MIROS)

17. 21 Rahsia Fasih Berbahasa Inggeris Ridzuan A. Ghani & Rasheedah Zakariya - Coaching Zone Sdn Bhd

18. Sustainable Mobility and Safety in the Western Europe: A Point to Ponder!

Mohd Yusof Abd Ghani (RUBC, MIROS)

19. United States Experience: Exploring the Opportunities



99

LAPORAN SUMBER MANUSIA HUMAN RESOURCE REPORT

MULa 2010Start oF 2010

aKHir 2010 enD oF 2010

Lelaki Male 42 45

Perempuan Female 47 31

Jumlah Total 73 76

Profesional Professional 22 25

Sokongan Support 51 51

Jumlah Total 73 76

Tetap Permanent 7 10

Kontrak Contract 66 66

Jumlah Total 73 76

taBUran greD graDe DiStriBUtion

MULa 2010Start oF 2010

aKHir 2010enD oF 2010

L / M P / F L / M P / F

Gred Grade 1 - 17 25 17 25 17

Gred Grade 19 - 32 7 2 7 2

Gred Grade 41 - 48 9 12 9 12

Gred Grade 52 dan ke atas and above

1 - 4 -

Jumlah Total 42 31 45 31

100


LAPORAN i-MIROS i-MIROS REPORT

Aktiviti Jawatankuasa Islam Hadhari MIROS (i-MIROS)MIROS telah menubuhkan satu Jawatankuasa Islam Hadhari (i-MIROS) berdasarkan pendekatan Islam Hadhari peringkat kementerian. Suatu peruntukan khusus telah diberi kepada jawatankuasa tersebut untuk pelaksanaan aktiviti-aktivitinya. Berikut adalah senarai aktiviti-aktiviti yang telah dijalankan oleh Jawatankuasa Islam Hadhari untuk kakitangan MIROS sepanjang tahun 2010.

MIROS Islam Hadhari Committee (i-MIROS) ActivitiesMIROS has formed an Islam Hadhari Committee (i-MIROS) based on the civilizational Islam approach at the ministry level. A special fund has been allocated for the implementation of its activities. The following is the list of activities organised by the committee members throughout 2010 for MIROS’ staff.

BiL naMa PrograM PrograMMe titLe tariKH Date ULaSan reMarK

1. Program Maulidur Rasul 2 Mac Di MIROS

2. MIROS Charity Bazaar 2010 26 April Di MIROS

3. Wacana Zakat 23 April Dengan kerjasama Lembaga Zakat Selangor

4. Hari Kesihatan MIROS 2010 23 April Dengan kerjasama Klinik Kesihatan Kajang & Pejabat Kesihatan Daerah Hulu Langat

5. Kursus Pra-Perkahwinan 22–23 Mei Dengan kerjasama JAIS

6. Kem Gerak Gempur Iman 28–30 Julai Di Nur Laman Bistari, Ulu Yam, Selangor

7. MIROS Charity Bazaar II 2010 9 Ogos Di MIROS

8. Program Korban MIROS 16–18 Oktober Siem Reap, Kemboja

9. Kursus pengurusan jenazah 11 November Di MIROS

10. Ceramah Awal Muharram - Palestin 14 Disember Di MIROS

11. Mendaki Bukit Broga Sambil Beramal 18 Disember Di Bukit Broga, Semenyih

12. Pasukan Kompang MIROS Sekiranya terdapat tetamu luar membuat lawatan

13. Tadarus Al-Quran Setiap hari sepanjang bulan Ramadhan

14. Tazkirah (jemputan) Setiap hari Rabu selepas solat Zohor

15. Tazkirah bulan Ramadhan Oleh kakitangan, setiap hari selepas solat Zohor berjemaah

101

1. Jalan Mersing–Kota Tinggi, Johor2. Jalan Besar Felda Jengka 14, Bandar Jengka, Pahang3. PLUS E2 near Jasin, Melaka4. PLUS E2 near Rembau, Negeri Sembilan5. PLUS E1 near Ipoh, Perak6. Jalan Kota Tinggi–Kluang, Johor7. Grand Saga E7 near Bukit Dukung, Selangor8. PLUS E1 near Bukit Tagar, Selangor9. PLUS E2 near Senawang, Negeri Sembilan10. Jalan Crastal–Tanjung Aru, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah11. PLUS E1 near Taiping, Perak12. Jalan Jeniang–Sik, Kedah13. Jalan Kuala Lipis–Merapoh, Pahang14. Jalan Ibam–Rompin, Pahang15. Jalan Bahau–Keratong, Negeri Sembilan16. Jalan Kuala Terengganu–Kuala Berang, Marang, Terengganu17. PLUS E1 near Muar, Johor18. Jalan Gua Musang–Kuala Krai, Kelantan19. Jalan KL–Kota Bahru, Pahang20. Jalan Kuala Pilah–Seremban, Negeri Sembilan21. Jalan Sri Amn–Sarikei, Sarawak22. Jalan Tawau–Kalabakan–Keningau, Sabah23. PLUS E1 near Nibong Tebal, Kedah24. Jalan Gua Musang–Kuala Krai, Kelantan25. Jalan Gombak Lama, Selayang, Selangor26. Hadapan Kelab D’Boss, Jalan Loke Yew, Kuala Lumpur27. Lebuhraya Klang–Shah Alam (KESAS), Selangor28. Jalan Tawau–Kunak, Sabah29. Jalan Solok Duku–Tanjung Bidara, Melaka30. Perumahan Bandar Bukit Raja, Selangor31. Jalan Putra Kulim, Kedah32. Lebuhraya Jelutong, Pulau Pinang33. Jalan KL–Kuantan, Karak, Pahang34. Jalan JB–Mersing, Kota Tinggi, Johor35. Jalan Ipoh, Kuala Lumpur

SENARAI SIASATAN PERLANGGARAN LIST OF CRASH INVESTIGATIONS

36. Jalan Kota Bahru Machang–Jeli, Kelantan37. Jalan KL–Ipoh, Selangor38. Lebuhraya Timur–Barat, Gerik–Jeli, Perak39. Jalan Cheras–Kajang, Kuala Lumpur40. Persiaran Bandar Mahkota, Selangor41. Plaza Tol Sungai Dua–Butterworth, Pulau Pinang42. Jalan Kuantan–Segamat, Pahang43. Jalan Kuantan–Gambang, Pahang44. PLUS E1 near Hulu Selangor, Selangor45. PLUS E2 near Pagoh, Johor46. DUKE near Taman Seri Rampai, Kuala Lumpur47. PLUS E2 near Seremban, Negeri Sembilan48. Jalan Ipoh–Kuala Lumpur near Pasar Borong Selayang, Kuala Lumpur49. PLUS E2 near Sg Buloh, Selangor50. Jalan Pantai Kamloom–Bumbung Lima, Pulau Pinang51. PLUS E1 Near Ipoh, Perak52. Jalan Kuala Kangsar–Gerik near Kampung Cuar Kati, Perak53. Persimpang Ladang Reka Halusdi,Jalan Tetulip–Beluran, Sabah54. Jalan Linggi–Rantau, Port Dickson, Negeri Sembilan55. PLUS E1 near Kuala Kangsar, Perak56. Jalan Kuantan–Segamat, Rompin, Pahang57. Jalan Shah Bandar,Bandar Tun Abdul Razak, Pahang58. Jalan Bahau–Kratong, Negeri Sembilan59. PLUS E1 near Gua Tempurung, Perak60. PLUS E2 near Muar, Johor61. Jalan Rompin–Gemas, Tampin, Negeri Sembilan62. Susur Jalan Klang Lama–Lebuhraya Persekutuan, Kuala Lumpur63. Jalan Temerloh–Bandar Jengka, Pahang64. Jalan Segamat–Gemas, Johor65. Jalan Lahad Datu–Sandakan, Sabah66. PLUS E2 near Seremban, Negeri Sembilan67. Kampung Pulau Salim, Kuala Besut, Terengganu68. Jalan Pasir Puteh–Telosan, Kelantan69. Jalan Seremban–Simpang Pertang di Bukit Tangga, Negeri Sembilan

102


70. Jalan Maharaja Lela, Perak71. Jalan Kuala Terengganu–Kuantan, Kg Telaga Air,Jambu Bongkok, Terengganu72. Jalan Kebun Nanas menghala ke Bulatan Jalan Kebun bersebelahan tangki air Bandar Puteri, Selangor73. Jalan Johor Bahru–Segamat, Johor74. PLUS E1 near Kampar, Perak75. Jalan Lahad Datu–Kunak, Sabah76. Jalan Lahad Datu–Sandakan, Sabah77. PLUS E1 near Plaza Tol Behrang, Selangor78. Jambatan Pulau Pinang menghala Georgetown, Pulau Pinang79. Jalan Masai–Kong Kong di Pasir Gudang, Johor80. Kampung Empila, Asajaya, Sarawak81. Persimpangan Kg Jerlun,Jalan Kangar–Alor Setar, Kedah82. Kampung Naga Kepala Batas,Jitra, Kedah83. PLUS E2 near Sempang Ampat,Alor Gajah, Melaka84. Jalan Kuala Lumpur–Gerik, Perak85. Lebuhraya Genting–Karak, Selangor86. Jalan Pekan–Nenasi, Pahang87. Jalan Kuantan–Segamat, Pahang88. Jalan Permaisuri–Penarik, Terengganu89. PLUS E1 near Tanjung Malim, Perak90. Jalan Sri Aman–Sarikei, Sarawak91. Jalan Lahad Datu–Tungku, Sabah92. Jalan Syed Putra, Kuala Lumpur93. Jalan Sibu–Bintulu, Sarawak94. PLUS E2 near Yong Peng, Johor95. Lebuhraya Persekutuan, Kuala Lumpur96. Jalan Pantai, Linggi–Port Dickson, Negeri Sembilan97. Jalan Simpang Pulai–Cameron Highland, Perak98. Jalan Raub–Bentong, Pahang99. Jalan Pasir Mas–Tanah Merah, Kelantan

SENARAI SIASATAN PERLANGGARAN LIST OF CRASH INVESTIGATIONS

103

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