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Panduan Menjawab Soalan FIzik

Soalan soalan meilibatkan rumus.

1. Sebelum menjawab soalan pastikan segala rumus yang telah dihafal dituliskan ke atas

kertas.

2. Kenalpastikan maklumat yang diberi dan apakah yang hendak dicari? (Kaedah Detektif

Conan)

3. Berdasarkan maklumat yang diperolehi, kenalpast i yang manakah rumus yang sesuai.

4. Ingat ada dua langkah yang diberikan markah

a. langkah penggantian

b. jawapan besert akan unit

4

Problem SolvingQuestions No. 7 and No.9 or No.10

Structured Question:

1. Very sure of the concept/ understand the working principle of apparatus and itsfunction.

2. Understand the questions/follow the instructions given.

3. State the methods and reasons / explanations.

Essay type question:

Open type question1. Understand the problem given2. State the method/suggestion/ design / modification to solve the problems3. State the explanation for the each method /suggestion/ design

(Suggestion: use table)

method/suggestion/ design/modification Explanation/reason

5 5

Guided type Question- usually working principle of apparatus

1. Follow the instruction in the question.2. Answer can be in the form of diagram or essay.3. State the method/ways and reasons.

Common mistakes:

1. Suggestion of problem solving does not based on relevant physical concept2. Give wrong/irrelevant explanation/reason3. Give redundant/ove rlap suggestion/method

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5

Making Decision(Questions No. 8 and No.11 or No.12

)

Structured:1. Guided decision making2. Follow the instructions in the questions3. Justify your answer with reasons

Essay:1. Question will state the characteristics in the form of diagram or table

Study the characteristics carefully2. Choose the suitable characteristics according to the need of the question.

Use the word low or high3 Explain the chosen characteristics

(Suggestion- table form)

Characteristic Explanation/ reason

4 4

4. Make a ranking based on chosen characteristics5. Make a justification6. State the reason

Common mistakes

1. Elaborate all characteristics2. Rewrite the value of characteristic given without stating low or high3. Does not state all characteristics/ reasons after making a justification

Section B.

DefinitionSuggestion:

All the definition must give in sentences.

Concepts questions.Similarity or differential

Tips: The question is related to definition given.

Similarity

Item Sub ject A Subject BSimilarity(obviously 2points for SubjectA and B)RelationshipPhysics Concept

Differential Item Sub ject A Subject B

Differential(obviously 2points for SubjectA and B)RelationshipPhysics Concept

Mod if icat ion q uestions.

Items: Reason

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Section C.

DefinitionSuggestion:

All the definition must give in sentences.

Explanation using physics conceptsTip:

Use the concepts related to the definition given above.

Items selection.Suggestion:The characteristics of the object needed as the questions mentionUse the characteristics given in the table given.Characteristics Reason

From the characteristics given above the suitable items as mentionbelow:- Itemsuitable:Reasons :

Format answer physics paper 3.

Questions 1:

Find thestatement :

to find out therelationship between ...........

to find out the relationship between respond ing variable

, manipulated variable.

For example:to find out the relationship between the increase in temp erature of cooking o il, and

it mass, m.

Constant variables :_____________________It mention in statement.

Tabulated data

Manipulated____________(units)

Responding________________(units)

Extended________________(units)

0.0

1.0

2.03.0

4.0

5.0

Relationship

Responding variable directlyproportionalto manipulated variable

inversetly proportional to

Plottinga graphon graphpaper formdata table.

Must have name of variablesand its

units

Manipulatev.

(units)

Respondingv.

(units)

Name of graph Scale for both axis must

suitable

Draw graph line mustsmooth

Graph line accordingto

theory.

Area used for graphpaper atleast 80%

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Questions 2:

Relationship

Responding variable directlyproportionalto manipulatedvariable

Inverstlyproportional to

Calculate gradient.

Draw triangle at graph must bigger andeasyto getthe value.

From graph coordinates,

Intrapolation

Refer to grah

12

12

manipulteddmanipulate

respondingrespondinggradient

=

responding vs manipluted

0.0

2.0

4.0

6.0

8.0

10.0

12.0

0 1 2 3 4 5 6

manipluted

gradient

7

. Useful Physics Terminologies for Paper 2

JUJ Pahang

No. TERM VALUE MEANING

Low / small Lighter / easy carry/not heavy1 Density

High / large Heavier / more compact

Small Spring is soft / easy to stretch3 Spring constant (k)

Large / big Spring is stiff / difficult to stretch

Low / small

Easily heated up , short time to heat up

Need less heat to raise temperature4 Specific Heat Capacity (c)

High / large

More difficult to heat up, takes more time to heat up

Need more heat to raise temperature, use more fuel

Low / small

Need less heat to melt / vaporise

Time to melt / vaporise is shorter5 Specific Latent Heat (l)

High / large

Need more heat to melt / vaporise

Time to melt / vaporise is longer

Short

Decays faster

Reactivity decreases faster

6 Half-life

Long

Decays slowly

Reactivity decreases slowly

Radioactivity lasts longer

Low

Melts at low temperature / Freezes at lowtemperature.

Starts melting earlier / Starts freezing later7

Melting point /

Freezing point

High

Melts at higher temperature / Freezes at higher

temperature.

Starts melting latter / Starts freezing earlier

8 Rigidity LowChanges shape easily when acted upon by external

force

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8

HighDoes not change shape easily when acted upon by

external force

Low Breaks easily / breaks under small external force9 Strength

High Difficult to break / Needs a large force to break

Low Does not rust easily / quickly10 Rate of rusting

High Rust easily / quickly

Low

Starts boiling at lower temperature

Starts boiling earlier

Slower to begin condensation11 Boiling point

High

Starts boiling at higher temperature

Starts boiling latter

Faster to begin condensation

Low / small Substance that refracts light less12 Refractive index

High / large Substance that refracts light more

Small Easier for total internal reflection to occur13 Critical angle

Large / big Difficult for total internal reflection to occur

LowLarge / long focal length

Refract light less14 Power (of a lens)High

Short focal length

Refract light more

Short Higher power15 Focal length

Large / long Lower power

19Frequency (of

electromagnet wave)High

Short wavelength

High penetration power

20Wavelength (for

electromagnet wave)Long / large

Low frequency

Low penetration power

21 Frequency (sound) High

High pitch

Short wavelength

Spreads out less

22 Resistivity Low / smallHaving lower resistance compared to wires of the

same thickness and length.

High / largeHaving higher resistance compared to wires of the

same thickness and length.

23 e.m.f. of cell Large / big Supply a larger current through the same resistance.

24 Power (of electrical device) High / large Uses more energy per second

25Voltage (working voltage of

electrical device)High

Needs a smaller current to produce a fixed amount of

power.

Kepada pelajar SMK Seri Pekan, Pekan:

Insyaallah

Physics SPM 2010 : A+

Panduan menjawab soalan kert as ke 3 bahagian B

Tentukan

1. Manipulated Variable (MV)

2. Responding Variable (RV)

3. Constant Variable (CV)

Cadangan Format menjawab

Inferenc e: RV depend on MV

Hypot hesis: When the MV is increase, the RV also is increase.

Aim: To study the relationship between MV and RV.

Variables:

MV :

RV:

CV:

Apparatus and material:

List all the material, apparatus and measuring tools involve in the experiment.

Diagram

Must draw completely and have labels.

Procedures:

To cont rol manipulate variable Apparatus setup as diagram above. The manipulate

variable setup with the intial value .

To measure responding variable

Repeating experiment Experiment repeated with the different value of

manipulate variable .

Tabulate data. (Optional)

Conclusion.

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(a) Name the physica l quant ity measured b y the me asureme nt instruments ab ove.

Namakan kuantiti fizik yang disukat oleh atat pengukur di atas.

[ 1 mark]

(b) What is the value o f the smallest d ivision of mea surement instrument Y.

Berapakah nilai satu b ahag ian terkecil bagi alat p engukur Y

[1 mark}

(c) Which measurement instrument is more sensitive ? pengukur manakah lebih

sensitive?

[ 1 mark]

1. Diagram 1 shows two measurement

2 Diagram 2 shows a w atermelon fall off a table a nd d rop on to the floor surface . The

watermelon of mass 1.5 kg experienced the change of momentum while falling.

Rajah 2 menunjukkan sebiji tembikai terjatuh da ri rneja ke ata s permukaa n lanta i.

Temb ikai yang berjisim 1.5 kg itu m enga lami peruba han m oment um ketika jatuh.

(a) What is the meaning of momentum?

Apakahyang dimaksudkan dengan momentum?

[1 mark]

(b) Ve locity of the w ate rmelon when hitting the floo r surface is 2 m s-1. Calculate the

momentum of the watermelon at the moment.

Halaju tembikai itu ketika menghenlam permukaan lantai ialah 2 m s-1. Hitungkan

momentum tembikai pada ketika itu.

[2 marks]

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(c) (i) Mark with a (V ) for the correct statement a bout the impac t time betwe en the

watermelon and the floor surface.

Tanda kan deng an (V) bagipernyalaan yang b etul mengenai masa tindakan di

antara tembikai itu deng an p ermukaa n lantai.

[1 mark]

(ii) Why the watermelon is broken when hitting the floor surface?

Mengapakah tem bikai itu pecah apab ila menghentam p ermukaan lantai?

[1 mark]

3. Diagram 3.1 shows a 600 W elect ric he ater be ing used to hea t a bea ker of wate r on a

compression balance.

Rajah 3.1 menunjukkan suatu pe ma nas elektrik 600 Wdigun akan un tuk mem ana skan satu

bikar air di atas nerac a m amp ata n.

(a) State the ene rgy change involved when using the hea ter to heat the wa ter.

Nyatakan p erubahan tenag ayang terlibat ketika p emana s itu digunakan untuk

mema naskan a ir.

[ 1 mark]

(b) The m ass of w ate r is 0.5 kg a nd spe cific hea t c ap ac ity of wate r is 4200 J kg"' C"!. The

initial tem perature of w ate r is 28 C. Calculate the energy absorbed by the w ater toreach its boiling point.

Jism a ir ialah 0.5 kg d an m uat an ha ba tent u ba gi air ialah 4200 J kg "C'. Suhu aw al air

ialah28C. Hitung tenag a ya ng d iserap oleh a ir itu untuk menc apa i takat d idih.

[ 2 marks]

(c) When the wa ter is boiling, the rea ding of the c omp ression balanc e dec reases by 0.04 kg

in 160 s. Calc ulate the spec ific latent hea t of vap orization o f the wa ter.

Ketika a ir mendidih, baca an ne raca mam pata n be rkurang seba nyak 0.04 kg d alam

masa 160 s. Hitung haba pend ant tentu pengew apa n ba gi air itu.

[ 2 marks]

(d) Explain why at the boiling po int, the temp erature of wa ter rema in unchanged .

Terangkan m engap a p ada takat d idih, suhu air tidak berubah.

[ 2 marks]

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5 Diag ram 5.1 show s a wa ter jet spurts out from a hole in a tall vessel at a d istanc e, d1.

Diagram 5.2 show s an o il jet spurts out from a ho le at t he same d ep th in a ta ll vessel at

a d istance, d2.

Rajah 5.1 menunjukkan suatu pancutan air keluar dari satu lubangpada satu bekas tinggi

sejauh d1. Rajah 5.2 menunjukkan suatu pancutan minyak keluar dari satu lubangpada

satu bekas tinggi pa da keda lama n yang soma sejauh d2.

(a) What is the m ea ning of de nsity?

Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan ketumpatan?

11 mark]

(b) Observe Diag ram 5.1 and Diga ram 5.2.

Perhatikan Rajah 5.1 dan Rajah 5.2.

Compare: Bandingkan:

(i) Density of wa ter and oil. Ketump ata n air da n minyak.

[ 1 mark]

(ii) The distan ce d1 and d 2. Jarak d1 dan d2.

[ 1 mark]

(iii) The p ressure produc ed by the wa ter jet and the o il jet.

Tekanan yang d ihasilkan olehpanc utan a ir danp anc utan minyak itu.

[1 mark]

(c) Based on yo ur answe r in (b), stat e the relationship be twe en the d ensity an d the pressure

of liquid.

Berdasarkanjawa pan and a di (b), nyatakan hubungan anta ra ketumpa tan da n tekanan

cecair,

[ 1 mark]

(d) Diag ram 5.3 show s the loca tion of a ho use wa ter tank.Rajah 5.3 menunjukkan kedudukan t angkl airpada sebuah rumah.

Explain why the wa ter tank should be located on top of the roof.

Terangkan me ngap a ta ngki air diletakkan di a tas bumbung rumah, [3 marks]

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6 Diagram 6.1 a shows circuit cont ains a dry cell, switch ,am meter, voltmeter and a b ulb.

Diagram 6.2 shows a new circuit for Diagram 6.1 when an identical bulb is added to

the circuit. Rajah 6.1 menunjukkan suatit litar elektrik terdiri daripada satu sel kering,

ammeter, voltmeter dan sebuah mentol.

Rajah 6.2 men unjukkan satu litar baru untuk Rajah 6.1 ap ab ila sebua h men tolyang

serupa ditam ba h ke dalam litar itu.

(a) Using Diagram 6.1 and 6.2

Menggunakan Rajah 6.1 dan 6.2

(i) What is the ph ysical qua ntity shows by the read ing of the voltmete r?

Apa kah kuantiti fizik yang d itunjukkan o leh ba ca an voltmet er itu?

[1 mark]

(ii) Compare the reading of the voltmeters. Bandingkan bacaan

voltmeter-voltmeter itu.

[1 mark]

(iii) Comp are the brightness of the bulb.

Bandingkan kecerahan mentol-mentol itu.

[1 mark]

(iv) Com pare the reading of the amm eters. Bandingkan bacaan

amm eter-ammeter itu.

[1 ma rk]

(b) Based on y our answer in (a) (ii) and in (a) (iv) stat e t he relationship b etw eentheammeter reading and the voltmeter read ing.

Berdasarkanjawa pan anda di (a) (ii) dan d i (a) (iv) nyatakan hubungan a ntara

bacaan amm eter dan bac aan voltmeter.

[1 mark]

(c) The switc h, the amme ter and the bulb are remo ved from the circuit in Diag ram 6.1,

Suis, amm eter da n mento l ditangga lkcm daripada litar di da lam Rajah 6,1.

(i) What happe ns to the readi ng of the voltmeter?

Apakahyang terjadl kepada bac aan voltmeter tersebut?

[1 mark] (ii) Give t he rea son for

your answer in (c) (i). Berikan sebab untukjawapa n a nda di (c)(1)

[2 marks]

[2 markah]

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(i) What is me ant by pressure? Apa kah maksud

tekanan?[1 mark]

(ii) A force o f 100 N is used t o pu sh dow n piston P and ab le to raise piston Q a nd p iston R.

With reference to Diagram 9.1 com pare the pressure act ed on p iston Q and R, the

cross sec tional area and the force produced at the piston Q and piston R.

Satu da ya WON digunakan untuk menolak omb oh P ke baw ah d an bo leh

menga ngkat omb oh Q d an omb oh R. Merujuk kepad a Rajah 9.1, bandingkan tekanan

yang dikenakan pad a omb oh Q dan o mbo h R, luas kerata n rentas dan d aya yangterhasil pad a o mboh Q da n R.

Relate the cross sectional area of the pistons with the force produced on the pistons.

Name a p hysics principle relating the cross sect ional area and the force exerted on

pistons Q and R.

Hubungkaitkan luas keratan rentas omboh dengan dayayang terhasil pada omboh.

Nama kan satu p rinsipfizikyang meng hubungkan luas kerata n rentas dan da ya yang

bertindak pa da om boh Q da n R.

[5 marks]

Diagram 9.1 show s a hyd raulic lift used to ra ise loa ds Q and R.Rajah 9.1 menunjukkan satu pengangkat hidraulik digunakan untuk mengangkat

Bahagian B Diagram 9.2 show s a c ross sec tion of an a eroplan e wing. The w ing help the a eropla ne to

be lift up when the plane speeding along the runaway.

Rajah 9.2 menunjukkan keratan rentas sayap kapal te rbang. Sayap ini memb antu kapal

terbang terangkat apabila memecut di sepanjang landasan terbang.

Name t he shape in Diagram 9.2 and e xplain how the a eroplane ca n be lifted up to the

a ir.

Namakan b entuk dalam Rajah 9.2 dan terangkan baga imana kapa l terbang b olehterangkal ke udara.

[4 ma rks]

(c) Subm arine is used to m ove und erwa ter. Using suitable ph ysics co nc ep ts, explain how

you can design a basic structure of a small submarine so that it can be used for an

underwater exploration.

Kapa l selam digunakan untuk bergerak da lam a ir. Mengg unakan konsep fizik yang

sesuai, terang kan ba ga imana and a m erekabe ntuk struktur asas seb uah kap al selam

kecil bag i kegunaa n penerokaan d alam a ir.

The d esign should include the following aspect s: Reka b entuk

hendaklah meliputi aspek-aspek berikut:

i. the material and thickness of the wall,

baha n dan keteb alan dinding kapa l selam,

ii. shap e of the subm arine, bentuk kapal

selam ,

iii. able to submerge,

kebolehan untuk menyelam,

iv. the equipme nts to detect underwate r obstacles and depth,

peralatan untuk mengesan halangan da lam air dan keda laman.

[10 marks]

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A hove rcraft move s on a cushion of air which is trapp ed underneath it, as shown in Diag ram

9.3. The trapp ed air red uce s the frict ion. The hove rcraft starts from rest and as it sta rts, the

propeller produc es a forward force until it reac hes a c onstant ve locity.

Sebua h hoverkraf b ergerak dlatas kusyen udara ya ng te rperangkap d i bawahnya sepe rti

ditunjukkan da lam Rajah9.3 . Udara yang terperangkap menggurangkan geseran. Hoverkraf

bergerak da ri keadaa n rehat d an semasa ia b ergerak kipas yang berputar meng hasilkan

daya ke had apa n sehingga ia menca pai halaju sekata .

(i) Sketch a velocity-time graph to show the motion of hovercraft.Lakarkan g raf halaju-masa untuk menunjukkan geraka n hove rkraf.

(ii) Explain why the hovercraft moves with constant velocity in terms of the force ac ting on

it

Terang kan menga pa kah hoverkraf be rgerak denga n halaju seraga m da ri seg i da yayang bertindak ke a tasnya

[4 ma rks] [4 ma rkah ]

Diagram 9.4 show s a c anoeRajah 9.4 menunjukkan seb uah ka yak

You are req uired t o give some sugge stions to de sign a ca noe w hich ca n travel faster and

safer

Using the knowled ge on mo tion, forces and t he p roperties of m ate rials, explain the

sugg estions ba sed on the following a spec ts:

Anda dikehendaki memberikan bebe rapa c ada ngan untuk merekabentuk sebuah ka yak

yang boleh bergerak lebih laju dan selamat Menggunakan pengetahuan tentang

gerakan, daya dan sifat-sifat baha n, terangkan cad anga n itu yang merangkumi

aspek-aspe k b erikut:

(i) the surfac e of the ca noe permukaan kayak

(ii) the shape of the ca noe bentuk kayak

(iii) the mate rial of the ca noe

baha n yang digunakan untuk kayak

(iv) the size of a pe dd le Saiz pendayung

(v) mate rial used for ped dle

Bahan ya ng d igunakan untuk penda yung

[10 marks]

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Section C

Diagram 11.1 shows Ali stand ing at the side of a pond . Ali ca n see t he imag e of the fish an d

the image of the dragon-fly in the water as shown by the ray diagram.

Rajah11.1 menunjukkan Ali be rdiri di tepi kolam. Ali dapa t me lihat imej ikan da n imej

pep atung di da lam air sep erti yang ditunjukkan oleh rajah sinar.

(a) (i) What is the me aning of virtual imag e ? [1 mark]Apa kah maksud imej maya? [1 markah]

(ii) Explain how Ali ca n see the imag e of the fish and the imag e of the drag onfly. Statethe phenomenon of light that is involved in each case.

[4 marks]

Terangkan ba ga imana Ali dapa t melihat imej ikan dan imej pepa tung. Nyatakan

fenomena ca haya yang terlibat da lam setiap kes.

[4 markah]

(b) (i) Calc ulate the angle 9an d a .[Refrac tive index of wa ter is 1.33 ] [4 marks]

Hitting sudut 6 da n a.[ Indeks biasan a ir ialah1.33 ] [4 markah]

(ii) State o ne cha ract eristic of the ima ge of the drag on-fly. [1 mark]

Nyatakan satu ciri bagi imej pepa tung. [1 markah]

Tab le 11 show s the de sign o f five torc hlights P, Q, R, S and T.Jadua l 11 menunjukkan reka b entuk b agi lima lampu suluh P, Q, R, Sd anT

You are asked to investigate the c harac teristics of the five torchlights s.hown in

Tab le 11. Explain the suitab ility of ea ch cha racte ristics of the torchlight anddetermine the torchlight w hich ca n produce a strong p arallel beam of light.

Give reasons for your ch oice . [10 ma rks]

Anda dituga skan untuk me ngkaji ciri-ciri bag i lima la mp u suluh sepe rtiyangditunjukkan da lam Jad ual 11.

Terangkan kesesuaian setiap ciri lampu suluh itu dan tentukan lampu suluh yang

boleh menghasilkan satu alurcahaya selariyang terang.

Beri seb ab untuk pilihan and a. [10 markah]