extremitas inferior dms

EXTREMITAS INFERIOR

SufitniMega Sari Sitorus

Tulang-Tulang Yang Membentuk

Ekstremitas Inferior

Os Coxae Os Femur Os Patella Os Tibia – Fibula Os Tarsalia Os Metatarsal Os Phalanges

OS Coxae

Pada bagian anterolateral terdapat

mangkuk sendi = fossa acetabuli,

bersendi dgn caput femoris

Pada pinggir fosssa acetabuli terdapat penebalan yang dilapisi oleh tulang

rawan

Facies Lunata

FEMUR

Pada bgn atas terdapat caput femoris

Dibagian atas caput ini terdapat

fovea capitis yg merupakan tempat melekat ligamentum teres femoris

Bagian – Bagian Femur , antara lain :• Trochanter major , minor• Fossa trochanterica : tempat insersi otot bokong• Linea aspera

- labium interna : tpt origo otot –otot adductor

- labium eksterna ; origo m.biceps femoris -

caput brevis

Tulang-Tulang Yang Membentuk-

Pergelangan Kaki ( ossa tarsalia)

- os calcaneus

- os tallus

- os naviculare pedis

- os cuneiforme I, II, III

- os cuboideum

Perdarahan Pada Ekstremitas Inferior• A. Femoralis• A. Poplitea• A. Tibialis Anterior• A. Tibialis Posterior• A. Peronea

• V. Femoralis• V. Saphena magna• V. Saphena parva

Frolich, Human Anatomy, Lower LImb

Posterior Thigh

• Gluts (gluteal nn.)• Maximus—extensor of thigh• Medius--pelvic tilt

• Lateral rotators (spinal nn.)• Piriformis syndrome

• Hamstrings (sciatic n.)• Biceps femoris• Semimembranous• Semitendinous

Frolich, Human Anatomy, Lower LImb

Anterior thigh (femoral n.)

• Sartorius (Tailor’s muscle)

• Quads (four)• Rectus femoris

(crosses hip)• 3 vastus mm.

(vast--big)

Frolich, Human Anatomy, Lower LImb

Medial compartment (obturator n.)

• Adductor muscles• Gracilis• Adductor

• Magnus• Longus• brevis

Frolich, Human Anatomy, Lower LImb

Anterior Leg (deep fibular n.)

• Fibularis (peroneus) longus

• Extensor digitorum longus

• Extensor hallicus longus

• Tibialis anteriorus

Frolich, Human Anatomy, Lower LImb

Lateral Leg (superficial fibular n.)

• Fibularis brevis/longus

Frolich, Human Anatomy, Lower LImb

Posterior Leg (tibial n.)

• Gastrocs and soleus• Flexor digitorum

longus• Flexor hallucus

longus

Frolich, Human Anatomy, Lower LImb

Intrinsics of foot

Frolich, Human Anatomy, Lower LImb

Blood supply to lower limb

Internal Iliac Cranial + Caudal Gluteals= gluteals Internal Pudendal = perineum, external

genitalia Obturator = adductor muscles

External Iliac Femoral = lower limb

• Deep femoral = adductors, hamstrings, quadriceps

Popliteal (continuation of femoral) • Geniculars = knee• Anterior Tibial = ant. leg muscles, further

branches to feet• Posterior Tibial = flexor muscles, plantar

arch, branches to toes

• Lumbar plexus (femoral nerve)

• Sacral plexus (sciatic nerve)

With leg out to side like quadruped, lumbar-anterior, sacral-posterior makes sense