ustad ki awaz

8/10/2019 Ustad ki Awaz

1/142


2/142


3/142

iii

viiviii

ix

x

1

3

3

3

33

3

4

4

5

5

6

6

6

77

7

8

9

9

10

10

11

11

11

13

14

14

16

16

16


4/142

iv

19

19

20

2020

22

22

23

23

23

23

25

25

2626

26

28

28

30

30

30

31

31

32

33

33

33

35

35

37

38

38

38

43

45

45

45

47

47

48

48

49


5/142

v

51

51

51

51

52

54

54

54

56

56

56

56

58

5858

58

58

60

62

62

63

64

64

65

66

66

68

68

70

70

72

72

73

73

73

74

76

79

82

83


6/142

vi

84

85

86

87

88

89

90

106

121

124

127


7/142

vii

B.EdCT

DMO

DSD

DTE

EFO

FDG

IMU

KP

M.Ed

NACTE

NTS

PTC

SAHE

SOLO

Bachelor of EducationCerticate in Teaching

district monitoring ofcer

Directorate of Staff Development

district teacher educator

education eld ofcer

focus group discussion

internal monitoring units

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

Master of Education

National Accreditation Council for Teacher Education

National Testing Service

Primary Teaching Certicate

Society for the Advancement of Education

Structure of the Observed Learning Outcome


8/142

viii


9/142

ix


10/142

x

1


11/142

xi


12/142

xii


13/142

xiii

2

4

3


14/142

2


15/142

3

5

6


16/142

4

7

8


17/142

5

95

287

500

382

1264

(72%) 47

(76%) 104

(75%) 197

(79%) 134

(76%) 482

3

3

5

4

15

(67%) 64

(75%) 214

(72%) 361

(74%) 282

(73%) 921

(28%) 18

(24%) 33

(25%) 65

(21%) 36

(24%) 152

(33%) 31

(25%) 73

(28%) 139

(26%) 100

(27%) 343

65

137

262

170

634


18/142

6

9

30

30

50

40

150

3

3

5

4

15

24

24

40

32

120

6

6

10

8

30


19/142

7

10


20/142

8

2.5


21/142

9

162

150

75

54

441

9

9

1

7

26

38

32

19

10

99

63

38

21

17

139

52

71

34

20

177

321

288

47

167

823

23

23

5

18

69

73

71

11

33

188

120

61

12

50

243

105

133

19

66

323


22/142

10

1%

14%

32%

40%

12%

1%

17%

64%

16%

2%0%

1%

0%

30%

33%

30%

7%

0%

25%

71%

4%

0%0%

0%

20 >

30 - 21

40 - 31

50 - 41

60 - 51

+ 61

20 >

30 - 21

40 - 31

50 - 4160 - 51

+ 61

0%

10%

41%

40%

8%

1%

5%

66%

25%

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37%

15%

0%

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61%

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0%

416

101

517

181

109

290

29

8

37

17

15

32

104

26

130

43

18

61

102

13

115

67

45

112

181

54

235

54

31

85


23/142

11


24/142

12

85%

15%59%

41%

79%

21%49%

51%

90%

10%71%

29%

84%

16%51%

49%

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41%

84%

16%

30%

70%

78%

22%

25%

75%

91%

9%

43%

57%

83%

17%

29%

71%

82%

18%

26%

74%

61%

32%

1%

6%

8%

65%

2%

25%

48%

39%

3%

10%

20%

60%

0%

20%

57%

34%

1%

8%

10%

57%

5%

28%

78%

20%

0%

2%

6%

69%

0%

25%

52%

40%

1%

7%

6%

72%

0%

22%

21%

47%

10%

22%

28%

59%

3%

10%

23%

46%

0%

31%

67%

0%

0%

33%

16%

59%

8%

17%

21%

64%

0%

15%

25%

39%

25%

11%

27%

64%

9%

0%

22%

43%

7%

28%

27%

64%

0%

9%


25/142

13

33%

19%

13%

16%19%

29%

17%

15%

14%

25%

48%

17%

11%

9%15%

34%

25%

4%

8%

29%

30%

14%

14%

18%24%

37%

9%

18%

9%

27%

34%

29%

13%

8%16%

28%

15%

7%

18%

32%

29%

14%

14%

23%20%

27%

20%

22%

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17%

67%

18%

6%

6%

3%

67%

14%

8%

7%

4%

82%

2%

5%

9%

2%

88%

0%

4%

4%

4%

72%

20%

3%

3%

2%

70%

14%

9%

2%

5%

68%

21%

5%

1%

5%

61%

16%

3%

12%

8%

60%

18%

8%

11%

3%

63%

15%

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7%

3%

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23%

21%

67%

21%

7%

4%0%

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11%

11%

22%

16%

24%

16%

75%

21%

0%

4%0%

0%


26/142

14


27/142

15

59%

15%

6%

8%

4%

2%

6%

92%

4%

2%

1%

0%

1%

0%

78%

5%

4%

2%

2%

0%

9%

96%

0%

0%

4%

0%

0%

0%


28/142

16

11


29/142

17

17%

35%

2%

41%

5%

8%

12%

4%69%

7%

16%

18%

0%

55%

11%

9%

4%

0%79%

8%

24%

20%

1%

52%

3%

17%

12%

2%59%

10%

9%

35%

0%

54%

2%

6%

11%

0%68%

15%

18%

48%

4%

23%

7%

5%

16%

7%72%

0%


30/142

18

8%46%

5%

40%

1%

20%

15%

0%

55%

10%

21%18%

0%

61%

0%

8%

8%

0%

66%

18%

10%34%

2%

53%

1%

31%

6%

0%

55%

8%

7%41%

0%

51%

1%

9%

13%

0%

66%

12%

4%66%

13%

16%

1%

24%

22%

0%

46%

8%

31%

69%

27%

73%

12%

88%

22%

78%

50%

50%

15%

66%

18%

1%

20%

80%

0%

0%

18%

76%

6%

0%

18%

82%

0%

0%

14%

60%

25%

1%

1%

64%

31%

1%

1%

2%

0%

0%

0%

88%

7%

0%

0%

5%

0%

0%

1%

71%

24%

0%

0%

3%

0%

1%

1%

74%

24%

0%

0%

1%

0%

0%

2%

47%

46%

2%

1%

2%

0%

0%

2%

24%

1%

6%

21%

26%

11%

7%

1%

1%0%

0%

11%

0%

2%

11%

37%

9%

26%

4%

0%0%

0%

0%

0%

0%

47%

33%

15%

5%

0%

0%0%

4%

15%

3%

18%

0%

32%

17%

6%

2%

2%1%

2%

50%

1%

0%

22%

15%

4%

5%

1%

0%0%


31/142

19

12

14%16%

35%

34%

1%

6%

19%

47%

28%

0%

9%15%

54%

22%

0%

4%

42%

50%

4%

0%

24%20%

18%

37%

1%

5%

9%

38%

48%

0%

4%13%

55%

28%

0%

6%

20%

39%

35%

0%

17%16%

26%

40%

1%

7%

17%

57%

19%

0%


32/142

20

13

15

14

16


33/142

21

43%

8%

36%

12%

1%

17%

7%

50%

23%

3%

43%

11%

37%

9%

0%

43%

0%

29%

28%

0%

46%

7%

34%

11%

2%

16%

13%

45%

23%

3%

41%

8%

39%

11%

1%

15%

4%

52%

26%

3%

42%

7%

36%

14%

1%

15%

6%

58%

18%

3%

42%

49%

9%

26%67%

7%

9%

87%

4%

4%71%

25%

54%

34%

12%

48%52%

0%

37%

52%

11%

37%60%

3%

45%

48%

7%

13%79%

8%


34/142

22

15%

18%

67%

13%

6%

81%

9%

0%

91%

4%

0%

96%

9%

3%

88%

7%

0%

93%

4%

0%

96%

35%

5%

60%

26%

39%

35%

8%

11%

81%

27%

68%

5%

14%

82%

4%

20%

74%

6%

5%

81%

14%

20%

75%

5%

18%

80%

2%

18%

74%

8%

14%

84%

2%

39%

58%

3%

15%

82%

3%


35/142

23

20

22

21


36/142

24

34%

18%

10%

36%

2%

36%

6%

12%

38%

8%

33%

8%

22%

35%

2%

33%

0%

23%

38%

6%

34%

22%

11%

33%

0%

41%

10%

4%

42%

3%

25%

8%

16%

48%

3%

18%

5%

23%

52%

2%

39%

24%

4%

31%

2%

45%

7%

5%

27%

16%

23

78%

22%27%

73%

77%

23%27%

73%

78%

22%33%

67%

67%

33%46%

54%

86%

14%9%

91%

55%

40%

1%

3%

1%50%

39%

4%

6%

1%

62%

36%

0%

2%

0%40%

36%

5%

14%

5%

62%

36%

1%

1%

0%65%

23%

5%

5%

2%

50%

47%

1%

2%

0%61%

35%

4%

0%

0%

52%

42%

0%

4%

2%38%

50%

3%

9%

0%


37/142

25

24

47%

53%

49%

51%

48%

52%

32%

68%

57%

43%

55%

45%

18%

82%

36%

64%

69%

31%

56%

44%


38/142

26


39/142

27

54%

46%

35%

65%

40%60%

40%

60%

29%

71%

38%62%

62%

38%

43%

57%

36%64%

32%

68%

22%

78%

25%75%

62%

38%

59%

41%

52%48%

11%

20%

38%

1%

2%

28%

17%23%

31%

5%

2%

22%

25%

0%

75%

0%

0%

0%

44%0%

44%

6%

0%

6%


40/142

28


41/142

29

6%4%

0%

40%

50%

6%

1%

1%

22%

70%

8%8%

0%

46%

38%

14%

0%

0%

13%

73%

0%0%

0%

22%

78%

0%

0%

2%

16%

82%

0%0%

0%

56%

44%

2%

0%

0%

22%

76%

15%9%

0%

35%

41%

9%

3%

2%

35%

51%

11%

29%

20%

40%

9%

23%

28%

40%

7%

52%

30%

11%

17%

16%

17%

50%

3%

27%

20%

50%

20%

40%

10%

30%

13%

53%

11%

23%

0%

19%

31%

50%

15%

20%

22%

43%

7%

20%

40%

33%

19%

30%

18%

33%

10%

34%

21%

35%

11%

48%

15%

26%

0%

50%

17%

33%

15%

25%

15%

45%

10%

60%

20%

10%

19%

53%

12%

16%

6%

24%

18%

52%

22%

23%

23%

32%

20%

20%

27%

33%

20%

25%

16%

39%

20%

20%

9%

51%

19%

38%

8%

35%

0%

0%

40%

60%

15%

23%

18%

44%

20%

30%

0%

50%

26%

28%

21%

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25%

13%

0%

62%

20%

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15%

41%

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14%

36%


42/142

30


43/142

31

15%

25%

30%

55%

82%

16%

24%

37%

56%

80%

0%

14%

25%

55%

82%

9%

26%

43%

70%

91%

6

5

4

3

2

6

5

4

3

2

9%

19%

22%

40%

77%

11%

11%

36%

61%

86%

10%

18%

22%

39%

72%

24%

32%

42%

58%

74%

23%

35%

41%

71%

91%

16%

24%

31%

47%

76%

13%

31%

74%

89%

96%

4%

8%

32%

72%

91%96%

4%

0%

24%

67%

85%

96%

4%

8%

25%

67%

92%92%

8%

47

36

26

16

6

6

47

36

26

166

6

10%

29%

74%

95%

99%

1%

14%

46%

66%

86%97%

3%

1%

9%

50%

66%

86%

14%

4%

10%

56%

85%96%

4%

22%

43%

86%

96%

98%

2%

8%

41%

86%

96%98%

2%


44/142

32

71%

15%

8%

2%

1%

0%

3%

76%

14%

6%

1%

1%

2%

87%

3%

10%

0%

0%

0%

0%

86%

9%

0%

0%

0%

5%

6

10 - 7

14 - 11

18 - 15

22 - 19

26 - 23

27

6

10 - 7

14 - 11

18 - 15

22 - 19

27

73%

14%

10%

0%

1%

0%

2%

74%

14%

7%

2%

2%

1%

72%

18%

4%

2%

1%

0%

3%

80%

8%

10%

0%

2%

0%

67%

16%

9%

3%

1%

1%

3%

72%

20%

5%

1%

0%

2%


45/142

33

44%

34%

15%

3%

1%

1%

2%

57%

28%

13%

1%0%

0%

1%

69%

22%

7%

0%

0%

2%

0%

75%

13%

4%

0%0%

0%

8%

5 - 1

10 - 6

15 - 11

20 - 16

25 - 21

30 - 26

31+

5 - 1

10 - 6

15 - 11

20 - 1625 - 21

30 - 26

31+

45%

30%

21%

2%

2%

0%

0%

63%

25%

12%

0%0%

0%

0%

66%

29%

3%

1%

0%

1%

0%

78%

12%

5%

3%0%

2%

0%

27%

43%

20%

5%

1%

0%

4%

33%

45%

21%

0%0%

0%

1%


46/142

34

73%

38%

77%

39%

77%

27%

69%

55%

72%

30%

71%

51%

59%

58%50%

49%

47%

45%

11%

18%

9%

11%

60%

67%

50%

44%63%

56%

57%

33%

0%

0%

0%

0%

74%

20%

59%

33%38%

50%

43%

20%

13%

40%

5%

0%

92%

63%

72%

43%

65%

33%

40%

38%

23%

33%

23%

29%

51%

50%

51%

74%

47%

50%

53%

60%

4%

12%

6%

12%

88%

8%

4%

95%

4%

1%

81%

12%

7%

95%

3%

2%

99%

1%

0%

99%

1%

0%


47/142

35


48/142

36

9%

13%5%

35%

38%

4%

16%

2%

31%

47%

11%

16%8%

51%

14%

0%

5%

0%

37%

58%

9%

7%4%

26%

54%

6%

10%

3%

39%

42%

3%

14%12%

39%

32%

0%

25%

4%

36%

35%

12%

15%2%

36%

35%

6%

17%

2%

24%

51%


49/142

37

25


50/142

38

26

27


51/142

39


52/142

40

48%

19%

21%

12%

21%

26%

37%

16%

67%

10%

15%

8%

67%

19%

8%

6%

30%

21%

29%

20%

9%

59%

32%

10%

65%

25%

5%

61%

34%

8%

61%

31%

10%

53%

37%

71%

29%

18%

82%

88%

12%

78%

22%

65%

35%


53/142

41

43%

58%

71%

29%

74%

26%

87%

13%

35%

65%

75%

25%

45%

55%

64%

36%

39%

61%

67%

33%

40%

60%

54%

46%

78%

22%

78%

22%

30%

70%

54%

46%

47%

53%

51%

49%

31%

69%

51%

49%

3%

7%

10%

80%

27%

21%

25%

27%

0%

13%

9%

78%

17%

44%

22%

17%

4%

6%

3%

87%

12%

13%

31%

44%

3%

9%

12%

76%

35%

19%

25%

21%

4%

5%

12%

79%

33%

17%

23%

27%

23%

23%

54%

38%

33%

29%

54%

31%

15%

62%

28%

10%

23%

14%

63%

14%

23%

63%

39%

30%

31%

43%

34%

23%

13%

22%

65%

34%

39%

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133

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.Rashid and Awan 2014 Khan and Zafar 1999 34

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Akyeampong 2007 Bennell36

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.See Campaign for Quality Education 2007 37


73/142

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43

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44


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75

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12%

29%


88/142

76


89/142

77


90/142

78

.Aga Khan University 2011 45


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:of Educational Goals. Handbook 1: Cognitive Domain. New York.David McKay Company

Government of Balochistan. 2014. Balochistan School Education Sector

.Plan 2014-19, Education Department, Government of Balochistan


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Governmentof Pakistan. 2005. Pakistan Social and Living StandardsMeasurement Survey 2004-05. Islamabad: Federal Bureau of Statistics,

.Government of PakistanAvailable at http://www.pbs.gov.pk/content/pakistan-social-and-living-standards-measurement-

.survey-pslm-2005-06-national-provincial

Governmentof Pakistan. 2013. Pakistan Social and Living StandardsMeasurement Survey 2012-13. Islamabad: Federal Bureau of Statistics,

.Government of PakistanAvailable at http://www.pbs.gov.pk/content/pakistan-social-and-living-standards-measurement-

.survey-pslm-2012-13-provincial-district

Governmentof Punjab. 2013. Punjab School Education Sector Plan 2013-.2017. Lahore: School Education Department, Government of Punjab

Sharif, S.M. 1959. Report of the National Commission on Education.

.Karachi: Ministry of Education, Government of Pakistan


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95/142

83

46

47

48

49

50


96/142

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97/142

85

51


98/142

86

52


99/142

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100/142

88


101/142

89

53


102/142

90

1:

( )

: :

: :

:

: :

: (1-5)(6-8)(1-8)

(1-10):

: Co-ed.

:

1: .

1.1:

1.2 :1.3()

1.4 :

1.4.1

1.4.1:

1.5 :

1.6 :

1.7

1.8

1.9


103/142

91

1.10

1.11

/ /

1.12 (Specialization)

1.13

()

(ADE)

1.14 ()

1.15()

1.16

1.17

1.17.1

1.17.2

1.18( )


104/142

92

1.19/ :

:

1.20 ( )

1.21

1.22

1.23 /

1.24

1.25

1.26/ 1.27/

1.28( )

2 .2.1

( )

2.1.1 /

2.1.2

2.1.3 ()

2.1.4 ()

2.1.5( )


105/142

93

( )

2.1.6 12

Enrollment (UPE)

/(PEC)

/(PEC)

:

2.1.7

2.1.8

2.1.9

:

2.1.10

%20%40%40

2.1.11

2.1.12

2.2 (Classroom Management)

2.2.1 (Classroom Participation)

2.2.2


106/142

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:

2.2.3 (Classroom Participation)

2.2.4 /

2.2.5

2.2.6

2.2.7

2.2.8

2.2.9 /

2.2.10

)

/ :

:

2.3 (Textbooks and Curriculum)

2.3.1 /

2.3.2 /

2.3.3 /

2.3.4 /

2.3.5 (content)


107/142

95

2.3.6 (Pedagogy)

2.3.7

2.3.8

(concepts)

2.3.9

2.3.10

2.3.11

2.3.12

2.3.13 (taxonomy)

(Solo)(Bloom)

2.3.14

2.3.15

2.3.16 1233

2.3.17

( )

:

2.4 (Assessment)

2.4.1 / (Assessment)

2.4.2 /

2.4.3 (Assessment)

2.4.4


108/142

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:

2.4.5: /

/

/

(ALevel OLevel,BISE,SSAT,PEC)

)/ PEC

:

2.5(Language)

2.5.1

2.5.2

2.5.3 (concepts)


109/142

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2.5.4

2.5.5

2.5.6

2.5.7

2.6

2.6.1

2.6.2 DTEs

2.6.3:

(Assessment)

2.6.4

2.6.5( )

/

(Teaching Aids)

2.6.6 (feedback)

2.6.7

2.6.8


110/142

98

(retention, dropout

2.7 (Professional Development)

2.7.1

2.7.2:

( )

2.7.3:

:

2.7.4

2.7.5

2.7.6

/ :

2.7.7

:


111/142

99

2.8(Monitoring)

2.8.1 12 //

2.8.2

( )

(EFO)

D.C.O /A.C

2.8.3

/( )

D.C.O /A.C

2.8.4 (Monitoring System)

:

3 .

3.1

3.1.1

3.1.2

3.1.3

10%20%30%50%50%

3.1.4

3.1.

5

3.1.6


112/142

100

/

3.2

3.2.1 /

3.2.2

3.2.3

/

3.2.4

3.2.5

( )

3.2.6

3.3/

( )

3.3.1( )

(Hometown)/

:

3.3.2

3.3.3( ) /


113/142

101

:

/

3.3.4Rationalizationconsolidation

3.3.5

3.4 (Motivation)

3.4.1 (motivate)

/

:

3.4.2:

3.4.3:


114/142

102

(clusters) ,

3.4.4:

/

3.4.5 (motivation level)

3.4.6

/

:

3.5 .

3.5.1

3.5.2

3.5.3

3.5.4 2

3.5.5


115/142

103

3.5.6

3.5.7

3.5.8

3.5.9

:

4.(Governance)

4.1

DMO(Short Leave)

(Casual Leave)

(Medical Leave)

(Medical Benefits) /

/

/ (Promotion)

4.2DPI

1 3-2 4-6 1

4.3 contact

1 3-2 4-6 1

4.4

1.

2.


116/142

104

3.

4.

4.5 /

4.6

4.7 /

) (

4.8

4.9

4.10

:

5 .(Community)

5.1

5.2

5.3 /

5.4

6 .

6.1

6.2


117/142

105

6.3

6.4

6.5

6.6 / )

:


118/142

106

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( )

: :

: :

:

: :

:(1-5)(6-8)(1-8)

(1-10):

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1.1:

1.2 :1.3:

1.4 :

1.4.1

1.4.2:

1.5

1.6


119/142

107

1.7

1.8 :

/

/

:

1.9 (specialization)

1.10

)

:

1.11

1.12

1.13 /

1.14 1.15

1.16


120/142

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1.17

:

1.18

1.19

1.20

1.21 /

1.22

1.23

1.24 :/

1.25 :/

1.26

/

1.27

1.28

1.29

:

1.30

1.31 _______________________________________________________


121/142

109

2.

2.1

2.1.1 /

2.1.2

2.1.3

2.1.4 /

:

2.2 12

enrollment (UPE)

/PEC

/PEC

:

2.3 2.3.1


122/142

110

2.3.2

2.3.3

%20%40%40

2.3.4

2.3.5

2.4

2.4.1

2.4.2

2.5

2.6

2.7 /

2.8 )

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:

:....................................................................................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................................................................................

3 .

3.1

3.1.1


123/142

111

(assessment)

:

3.1.2

DTE (EFO)

(Learning Coordinator)

/

3.2

3.2.1

:

3.2.2

3.2.3 :

/

(Teaching Aids)


124/142

112

:

3.2.4 (feedback)

3.2.5

3.2.6

3.2.7

(retention, dropout

:

....................................................................................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................................................................................

3.3

3.3.1

3.4 Professional Development

3.4.1

3.4.2


125/142

113

3.4.3 3.4.4 /

//

:

3.4.5:

:

3.4.6

:

....................................................................................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................................................................................

3.5(Monitoring)

3.5.112 /

3.5.2

( )

(EFO)


126/142

114

D.C.O /A.C

3.5.3

( )

D.C.O /A.C

3.5.4

3.5.5

3.5.6

Feedback

:....................................................................................................................................................................................................................

3.63.6.1

3.6.2 (SMC) /(PTC) /(SC)


127/142

115

3.6.3

2-1

3.6.4

3.6.5

UPE

:

4 .

4.1

4.1.1

4.1.2

4.1.3

10%20%%3050%50%

4.1.4

4.1.5

4.1.6

/

4.1.7:

(Family Issues)

(Trainings)


128/142

116

:

4.1.8

/

4.2

4.2.1 /

4.2.2

4.2.3

/

4.2.4

4.2.5

4.2.6

4.3/

4.3.1

(Home town/District)


129/142

117

/

:

4.3.2

4.3.3

:

/

4.3.4Consolidation/Rationalization

4.3.5

:

5 .(Motivation)

5.1 (Motivation)

/


130/142

118

:

5.2

5.3

:

5.4

5.4.1 (motivation level)

5.4.2

:

5.5

5.5.1

5.5.2


131/142

119

5.5.3

5.5.4

:

6 .

6.1

6.2

6.3

6.4

6.5

6.6

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7 .

7.1

7.2


132/142

120

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10% % 25 50%

75%

7.4

7.5

7.6

7.7 )

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:


133/142

121

3 :( )

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: :

Province District Tehsil School EMIS Code

:

: :

:

(1-5)

(6-8)

(1-8)

(1-10):

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1. 1.1

1.1.1 1.1.2

1.1.3 1.14

1.1.5

1.16

1.17


134/142

122

25 25 50

50 75 75

:

25 25 50

50 75 75

/

1.2 1.2.1 :1.2.2 1.2.3 1.2.4 : 1.2.5(a)12

(b)12 1.2.6 :

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1.3(Enrollment)

1.3.1 :1.3.212 :) (

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(9-10):1.3.312 :

(1-5):

(6-8):

(9-10):

1.41.4.1


135/142

123

1.5

=1=2

=1= 2

(PST, SS, SST,

Other)

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1112

13

14

15

(UPE)

1.4.2 1.4.3 1.4.4:

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(9-10):

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136/142

124

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1.2

1.3

1.4

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.2

2.1

2.2 2.3

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2.5 ( )

2.6

2.7 / /

2.8


137/142

125

3

3.1

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3.2 3.3 3.4 )

(

.4

4.1

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4.4 4.5 4.6

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5.1 5.2

:

5.2.1

/ 5.2.2

5.2.3

5.3 5.4 )

( 5.5

( )


138/142

126

peer/cooperative learning

( )

) .6 ()

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6.1 6.2

6.3 ( )6.4 )

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7.1 / /

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8.1 ) (

8.2


139/142

127

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)(

) (

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1.3

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1.5 ( )

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( )

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2.6 / /


140/142

128

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3.1

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3.2 3.3 3.4 )

(

4.

4.1

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5.1 5.2

:

5.2.1

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5.2.3

5.3 5.4

) (

5.5

( : )


141/142

129

peer/cooperative learning

( : )

6

() . ()

( )

6.1 6.2

6.3 ( )6.4 )

(

7 /. /

7.1 / /

)7.2

8 .

8.1 ) (

8.2


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