pecutan terakhir bengkel fizik imtiaz spm 2014

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1 Diagram 1 shows two measurement instrument X and Y. Rajah 1 menunjukkan dua alat pengukur X dan Y.

X Y

Diagram 1 / Rajah 1

(a) Name the physical quantity measured by the measurement instruments above. Namakan kuantiti fizik yang disukat oleh alat pengukur di atas.

[ 1 mark]

(b) What is the value of the smallest division of measurement instrument Y. Berapakah nilai satu bahagian terkecil bagi alat pengukur Y

... [ 1 mark]

(c) Which measurement instrument is more sensitive ? Alat pengukur manakah lebih sensitif ?

[ 1 mark]

(d) Complete the following sentence by ticking () the correct box. Lengkapkan ayat berikut dengan menandakan ( ) dalam kotak yang betul.

The measurement instrument Y is connected Alat pengukur Y disambungkan

series in a circuit.

sesiri dalam suatu litar.

parallel in a circuit. selari dalam suatu litar.

[ 1 mark]

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2 Diagram 2 shows a watermelon fall off a table and drop on to the floor surface. The watermelon of

mass 1.5 kg experienced the change of momentum while falling. Rajah 2 menunjukkan sebiji tembikai terjatuh dari meja ke atas permukaan lantai. Tembikai yang berjisim

1.5 kg itu mengalami perubahan momentum ketika jatuh.

Diagram 2

Rajah 2

(a) What is the meaning of momentum? Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan momentum?

... [1 mark]

(b) Velocity of the watermelon when hitting the floor surface is 2 m s-1

. Calculate the momentum

of the watermelon at the moment. Halaju tembikai itu ketika menghentam permukaan lantai ialah 2 m s-1. Hitungkan momentum

tembikai pada ketika itu.

[2 marks]

(c) (i) Mark with a ( ) for the correct statement about the impact time between the watermelon and the floor surface.

Tandakan dengan () bagi pernyataan yang betul mengenai masa tindakan di antara tembikai itu dengan permukaan lantai.

The impact time is longer. Masa tindakan adalah panjang.

The impact time is shorter. Masa tindakan adalah singkat.

[1 mark]

(ii) Why the watermelon is broken when hitting the floor surface? Mengapakah tembikai itu pecah apabila menghentam permukaan lantai?

.... [1 mark]

Floor surface

Permukaan lantai

Watermelon

Tembikai

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3 Diagram 5.1(a) and 5.2(a) show two trolleys of different masses are placed on surface of identical

table before pulled by a slotted mass through a smooth identical pulley.

The mass of the slotted weight which pulled both trolleys are same.

Diagram 5.1(b) and 5.2(b) shows the position of both trolleys after released simultaneously Rajah 5.1(a) dan 5.1(b) menunjukkan dua buah troli yang berlainan jisim berada di atas permukaan meja

yang serupa sebelum ditarik oleh pemberat melalui takal licin yang serupa.

Jisim pemberat yang menarik kedua-dua troli adalah sama.

Rajah 5,1(b) dan 5.2(b) menunjukkan kedudukan kedua-dua troli selepas dilepaskan serentak.

Diagram 5.1(a) / Rajah 5.1(a) Diagram 5.1(b) / Rajah 5.1(b)

Diagram 5.2(a) / Rajah 5.2(a) Diagram 5.2(b) / Rajah 5.2(b)

(a) What is the meaning of mass? Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan jisim?

................ [1 mark]

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(b) Using Diagram 5.1 and Diagram 5.2 Menggunakan Rajah 5.1 dan Rajah 5.2

(i) Compare Bandingkan the mass of the trolleys jisim kedua-dua troli

.................... [1 mark]

distance travel by the trolleys jarak yang dilalui oleh kedua-dua troli

..................... [1 mark]

acceleration of the trolleys pecutan kedua-dua troli

.................... [1 mark]

(ii) What causes the trolleys move? Apakah yang menyebabkan kedua-dua troli bergerak?

.................... [1 mark]

(c) Based on your answer in (b), completes the following sentence: Berdasarkan jawapaan anda di (b), lengkapkan ayat berikut:

The larger the . , the smaller the... , provided

the . kept constant. Semakin tinggi..,.. semakin berkurang .. sekiranya

adalah tetap. [1 mark]

(d) The mass of the slotted weight is 4 kg and the mass of trolley in Diagram 5.1 is 2.5 kg.

Calculate the acceleration. Jisim pemberat adalah 4 kg dan jisim troli dalam Rajah 5.1 adalah 2.5 kg. Hitungkan pecutan.

[2 marks]

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4. Diagram 5.1 shows a water jet spurts out from a hole in a tall vessel at a distance , d1.

Diagram 5.2 shows an oil jet spurts out from a hole at the same depth in a tall vessel at a distance ,

d2. Rajah 5.1 menunjukkan suatu pancutan air keluar dari satu lubang pada satu bekas tinggi sejauh d1. Rajah 5.2 menunjukkan suatu pancutan minyak keluar dari satu lubang pada satu bekas tinggi pada

kedalaman yang sama sejauh d2.

(a) What is the meaning of density? Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan ketumpatan?

.................................................................................................................................................... [ 1 mark]

(b) Observe Diagram 5.1 and Digaram 5.2. Perhatikan Rajah 5.1 dan Rajah 5.2.

Compare: Bandingkan:

(i) Density of water and oil. Ketumpatan air dan minyak.

............................................................................................................................................ [ 1 mark]

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(ii) The distance d1 and d2. Jarak d1 dan d2.

............................................................................................................................................ [ 1 mark]

(iii) The pressure produced by the water jet and the oil jet. Tekanan yang dihasilkan oleh pancutan air dan pancutan minyak itu.

............................................................................................................................................ [ 1 mark]

(c) Based on your answer in (b), state the relationship between the density and the pressure of liquid. Berdasarkan jawapan anda di (b) ,nyatakan hubungan antara ketumpatan dan tekanan cecair.

................................................................................................................................................... [ 1 mark]

(d) Diagram 5.3 shows the location of a house water tank. Rajah 5.3 menunjukkan kedudukan tangki air pada sebuah rumah.

Diagram 5.3 / Rajah 5.3

Explain why the water tank should be located on top of the roof.

Terangkan mengapa tangki air diletakkan di atas bumbung rumah.

..

..................................................................................................................................................

.

...................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................... [3 marks]

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5. Diagram 1 shows a metal sphere with initial temperature of 30oC is immersed in boiling water.

Rajah 1 menunjukkan sebiji sfera logam yang mempunyai suhu awal 30oC direndam dalam air mendidih.

Diagram 1 / Rajah 1

a) i) What happen to the temperature of the metal sphere? Apakah yang berlaku kepada suhu sfera logam ?

.... [ 1 mark]

ii) Give a reason for the answer in (a)(i). Beri satu sebab bagi jawapan dalam (a)(i).

.... [ 1 mark]

(b) After sometime, the metal sphere and the boiling water have the same temperature. Selepas beberapa ketika, sfera logam dan air mendidih itu mempunyai suhu yang sama.

(i) Tick ( ) in the box below for the correct statement about heat flows between the metal sphere and the boiling water.

Tandakan () dalam kotak di bawah bagi pernyataan yang betul tentang pengaliran haba di antara sfera logam dan air mendidih.

The rate of heat flows from boiling water < the rate of heat flows from metal sphere. Kadar pengaliran haba dari air mendidih < kadar pengaliran haba dari sfera logam.

The rate of heat flows from boiling water = the rate of heat flows from metal sphere. Kadar pengaliran haba dari air mendidih = kadar pengaliran haba dari sfera logam.

The rate of heat flows from boiling water > the rate of heat flows from metal sphere. Kadar pengaliran haba dari air mendidih > kadar pengaliran haba dari sfera logam.

(ii) State the physics concept involve in (b) (i). Nyatakan konsep fizik yang terlibat dalam (b) (i).

... [ 1 mark]

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[

6 Diagram 3.1 shows a 600 W electric heater being used to heat a beaker of water on a compression

balance. Rajah 3.1 menunjukkan suatu pemanas elektrik 600 W digunakan untuk memanaskan satu bikar air di atas

neraca mampatan.


(a) State the energy change involved when using the heater to heat the water. Nyatakan perubahan tenaga yang terlibat ketika pemanas itu digunakan untuk memanaskan air.

[ 1 mark]

(b) The mass of water is 0.5 kg and specific heat capacity of water is 4200 J kg-1

oC

-1. The initial

temperature of water is 28 0C.

Calculate the energy absorbed by the water to reach its boiling point. Jism air ialah 0.5 kg dan muatan haba tentu bagi air ialah 4200 J kg oC-1. Suhu awal air ialah 28 oC. Hitung tenaga yang diserap oleh air itu untuk mencapai takat didih.

[ 2 marks]

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(c) When the water is boiling, the reading of the compression balance decreases by 0.04 kg in

160 s.

Calculate the specific latent heat of vaporization of the water. Ketika air mendidih, bacaan neraca mampatan berkurang sebanyak 0.04 kg dalam masa 160 s.

Hitung haba pendam tentu pengewapan bagi air itu.

[ 2 marks]

(d) Explain why at the boiling point , the temperature of water remain unchanged. Terangkan mengapa pada takat didih, suhu air tidak berubah.

[ 2 marks]

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7 Diagram 3 is a set up apparatus used to investigate the relationship between pressure and temperature

of air at constant volume and mass. Rajah 3 menunjukkan susunan radas yang digunakan untuk menyiasat hubungan antara tekanan dengan suhu

udara pada isipadu dan jisim tetap.

Diagram 3 / Rajah 3

(a) Based on Diagram 3, choose the correct measuring instrument labeled X.

Tick ( ) the correct answer in the box provided. Berdasarkan Rajah 3, pilih alat pengukur berlabel X yang betul.

Tanda ( ) jawapan yang betul pada petak yang disediakan.

Barometer Barometer

Bourdon gauge Tolok Bourdon

Manometer Manometer

[1 mark]

(b) By using the kinetic theory of molecule, explain why the reading of X increases when the

temperature of air in the flask increases. Dengan menggunakan teori kinetik molekul, terangkan mengapakah bacaaan X bertambah apabila suhu udara di dalam kelalang tersebut bertambah?

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................................... [2 marks]

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(c) A motorist blows up his motorcycle tyres to a pressure of 2.7 x105 Pa in a cold morning when

the temperature is 15o C. What is the pressure in the tyres on a hot day of temperature 37

0C?

Seorang penunggang motosikal mengepam tayar motosikalnya pada tekanan 2.7 x105 Pa pada

sebelah pagi yang suhunya adalah 15o C. Berapakah tekanan tayar tersebut dalam cuaca panas pada suhu 37

0C?

[3 marks]

8. Diagram 7.1 shows the structure of mirror periscope. Rajah 7.1 menunjukkan struktur bagi periskop cermin.


(a) Name the light wave phenomenon shown in Diagram 7.1. Namakan fenomena gelombang cahaya yang ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 7.1.

.......................................................... [1 mark]

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(b) (i) On Diagram 7.1, complete the path of light ray from the object to the observers eye. Pada Rajah 7.1, lengkapkan lintasan sinar cahaya daripada objek ke mata pemerhati.

[ 2 marks]

(ii) State one characteristics of the image observed. Nyatakan satu ciri imej yang diperhatikan.

................................................... [1 mark]

(c) Diagram 7.2 shows a glass prism.

Rajah 7.2 menunjukkan satu prisma kaca


(i) The critical angle of the glass prism is 420.

Calculate the refractive index of the glass prism. Sudut genting bagi prisma kaca adalah 420 Hitung indeks biasan bagi prisma kaca itu.

[ 2 marks]

(ii) What happens to the light ray after passing point P? Apakah yang berlaku kepada sinar cahaya itu selepas melalui titik P?

................................................. [1 mark]

(iii) On Diagram 7.2, complete the path of light ray from point P. Pada Rajah 7.2 lengkapkan lintasan sinar cahaya daripada titik P.

[1 mark]

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(d) The mirror periscope in Diagram 7.1 cannot produced a clear image. Periskop cermin dalam Rajah 7.1 tidak boleh menghasilkan imej yang jelas.

(i) In the space below, draw the arrangement of the glass prisms in Diagram 7.2 to enable

clearer image produced. Pada ruang di bawah, lukis susunan prisma kaca dalam Rajah 7.2 bagi membolehkan imej yang

lebih jelas dihasilkan.

[1 mark]

(ii) Give one reason for the answer in (d)(i). Beri satu sebab bagi jawapan dalam (d)(i).

................................................... [1 mark]

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9 Diagram 7.1 shows the image of a point 2 metre marked in a swimming pool as seen by an observer

standing near the pool. The point appears shallower than the real depth. Rajah 7.1 menunjukkan imej titik bertanda 2 meter dalam kolam renang seperti yang dilihat oleh seorang

pemerhati yang berdiri di tepi kolam itu. Tanda itu kelihatan lebih cetek daripada dalam sebenar.


(a) (i) Name the light phenomenon that cause the observation? Namakan fenomena cahaya yang menghasilkan pemerhatian itu?

.. [1 mark]

(ii) Explain how the image of the 2 metre marked appear shallower? Terangkan bagaimana imej titik bertanda 2 meter kelihatan cetek?

..

..

..

..

..

..

.. [3 marks]

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(b) The refractive index of the water is 1.33 Indeks biasan air ialah 1.33 Calculate the apparent depth of the point 2 metre marked. Hitungkan dalam ketara titik bertanda 2 meter.

[2 marks]

(c) Diagram 7.2 shows a reflector made by a student. The light rays reflected by the plane mirror to heat the water in a cylinder container.

The heat produced by the reflector is not enough to increase the water temperature to a desired

value. Some modifications need to be done the mirror to increase the water temperature. Rajah 7.2 menunjukkan sebuah pemantul yang dibuat oleh seorang pelajar. Sinar cahaya dipantulkan

oleh cermin satah itu untuk memanaskan air dalam takungan silinder.

Haba yang dihasilkan oleh pemantul itu tidak mencukupi untuk menaikkan suhu air kepada nilai yang

diinginkan. Beberapa pengubahsuaian perlu dilakukan kepada cermin untuk meningkatkan suhu air.

State the suitable modification and give one reason for each modifications. Nyatakan pengubahsuaian yang sesuai dan berikan satu sebab bagi setiap pengubahsuaian itu.


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(i) Type of the mirror. Jenis cermin

Reason Sebab

[2 marks]

(ii) Diameter of the mirror. Diameter cermin.

Reason Sebab

[2 marks]

10 Diagram 1 show a word which is seen through a lens. Rajah 1 menunjukkan satu perkataan yang dilihat menerusi sebuah kanta.

Diagram 1 / Rajah 1

(a) State the type of the lens used. Nyatakan jenis kanta yang digunakan.

.......................................................................................................................................................... [1 mark]

(b) Name the light phenomenon involved in the formation of the image by the lens. Namakan fenomena cahaya yang terlibat dalam pembentukan imej oleh kanta tersebut.

.......................................................................................................................................................... [1 mark]

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(c) The lens in Diagram 1is replaced by another lens which has same thickness but larger in

diameter. Kanta dalam Rajah 1 digantikan dengan kanta lain yang mempunyai ketebalan yang sama

tetapi diameter yang lebih besar.

(i) What will happen to the size of the image formed? Apakah terjadi kepada saiz imej yang terbentuk?

................................................................................................................................................ [1 mark]

(ii) Give one reason for your answer in (c)(i). Berikan satu sebab untuk jawapan anda dalam (c)(i).

................................................................................................................................................ [1 mark]

10 Diagram 8 shows an electric bell produces sound waves. Rajah 8 menunjukkan satu loceng elektrik menghasilkan gelombang bunyi.

Diagram 8 / Rajah 8

(a) (i ) Name the type of wave produced by the electric bell. Namakan jenis gelombang yang dihasilkan oleh loceng elektrik.

.................................................................................................................................................... [1 mark]

(ii) When the air in the electric bell is sucked out by using vacuum pump, what happen

to the sound produced? Apabila udara dalam loceng elektrik disedut keluar dengan menggunakan pam vakum, apakah yang

berlaku kepada bunyi yang dihasilkan?

.. [1 mark]

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(iii) Give one reason for the answer in (a) (ii). Berikan satu sebab bagi jawapan di (a) (ii).

.................................................................................................................................................... [1 mark]

(b) Diagram 8.2 shows a sound wave form produced by a tuning fork displayed on the screen

of cathode ray oscilloscope. Rajah 8.2 menunjukkan suatu bentuk gelombang bunyi yang dihasilkan oleh suatu tala bunyi

ditunjukkan pada skrin tiub sinar katod.


[1 mark]

On Diagram 8.3, draw the sound wave form produced when the loudness is increased. Pada Rajah 8.3, lukiskan bentuk gelombang bunyi yang dihasilkan bila kekuatan bunyi ditambah.

Diagram 8.3 / Rajah 8.3 [1 mark]

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11 Diagram 8.1 shows an electric kettle with specification of 240 V, 1.2 kW. Rajah 8.1 menunjukkan sebuah cerek elektrik dengan spesifikasi 240V, 1.2 kW.

DIAGRAM 8.1 / RAJAH 8.1

(a) What is meant by the label 240V, 1.2 kW? Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan label 240V,1.2 kW?

..

..

.. [1 mark]

(b) Calculate Hitungkan

(i) the current flows through the electric kettle. arus yang mengalir melalui cerek elektrik itu.

[2 marks]

(ii) the resistance of the heating elements in the kettle. Rintangan elemen pemanas dalam cerek elektrik itu.

[2 marks]

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(c) Four electric kettles W, X , Y and Z with specification 240 V, 2 kW are made from the

materials with different characteristics.

Table 8.1 shows the characteristics of the materials. Empat cerek elektrik W, X ,Y dan Z dengan spesifikasi 240 V, 2 kW diperbuat daripada bahan-bahan

yang mempunyai ciri yang berlainan.

Jadual 8.1 menunjukkan ciri-ciri bahan tersebut.

Kettle Cerek

The characteristics of the materials are used in

the heating element in the kettle Ciri-ciri bahan yang digunakan dalam elemen

pemanas cerek .

Boiling point Takat didih /

oC

Resistivity/ Kerintangan 10

-8 m

Fuse Fius

W 3501 13.5 8A

X 1085 5.2 10 A

Y 3387 12.4 10 A

Z 1064 4.63 8A

TABLE 8.1 / JADUAL 8.1

(i) Based on the characteristics of the heating elements in Table 8.1, suggest two electric

kettles are suitable to heat water. Give the reason for your answer. Berdasarkan ciri-ciri elemen pemanas dalam Jadual 8.1, cadangkan dua cerek elektrik yang

sesuai untuk memanaskan air. Berikan sebab bagi jawapan anda.

....

....

....

.... [3 marks]

(ii) Based on the fuse used in the Table 8.1 , suggest two electric kettles are suitable to

heat water. Give the reason for your answer. Berdasarkan fius yang digunakan dalam Jadual 8.1, cadangkan dua cerek elektrik yang

sesuai digunakan untuk memanaskan air. Berikan sebab bagi jawapan anda.

....

.... [2 marks]

(iii) Using your answer in (b)(i) and (b)(ii), suggest which electric kettle is the most

suitable to heat water. Give the reason for your answer. Menggunakan jawapan anda dalam (b)(i) dan (b)(ii), cadangkan cerek elektrik yang paling sesuai digunakan untuk memanaskan air. Berikan sebab bagi jawapan anda.

....

.... [2 marks]

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12. Diagram 6.1 and Diagram 6.2 show the pattern of iron filing formed when the solenoids are

connected to the battery. Rajah 6.1 dan Rajah 6.2 menunjukkan corak susunan serbuk besi yang terbentuk apabila solenoid

disambungkan kepada bateri.

Diagram 6.1 / Rajah 6.1 Diagram 6.2 / Rajah 6.2

(a) What is the meaning of electromagnet? Apakah maksud elektromagnet?

............

........... [1 mark]

(b) A compass is located at P in Diagram 6.1.By using an arrow, mark the direction of the pointer of

the compass. Sebuah kompas diletakkan pada titik P dalam Rajah 6.2. Dengan menggunakan anak

panah, tandakan arah penunjuk kompas.

[1 mark] (c) Based on Diagram 6.1 and Diagram 6.2, compare; Berdasarkan Rajah 6.1 dan Rajah 6.2, bandingkan;

(i) the number of turns of the coil. bilangan lilitan solenoid.

........... [1 mark]

(ii) the number of magnetic field line of force. Bilangan garis daya medan magnet.

.................................... [1 mark]

(iii) the current passing through the solenoid. magnitud arus yang mengalir melalui soleniod.

..... [1 mark]

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(d) State the relationship between the number of turns of the coil and the strength of the

magnetic field. Nyatakan hubungan antara bilangan lilitan gegelung dengan kekuatan medan magnet.

.................................... [1 mark]

(e) (i) What happen to the strength of the electromagnet if a soft iron core is inserted in the solenoid?

Apakah yang terjadi kepada kekuatan elektromagnet jika satu teras besi lembut dimasukkan ke dalam solenoid?

........... [1 mark]

(i) Explain your answer in (e) (i). Terangkan jawapan anda dalam (e) (i).

........... [1 mark]

13. Diagram 3.1 shows a cross section of a Maltese cross tube used to study the characteristics of cathode

ray.

Rajah 3.1 menunjukkan keratan rentas sebuah tiub palang Maltese yang digunakan untuk mengkaji sifat-sifat

sinar katod.


(a) What is the meaning of cathode ray?

Apakah yang di maksudkan dengan sinar katod?

...

[1 mark]

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(b) When switch S1 and switch S2 are turned on, two overlapping shadows are formed on

the screen. Explain why the shadows are formed on the screen. Apabila suis S1 dan suis S2 dihidupkan, dua bayang-bayang yang bertindih terbentuk diatas skrin.

Terangkan kenapa bayang-bayang ini terbentuk di atas skrin.

..

..

[1 mark]

(c) Calculate the velocity of cathode ray in the Maltese cross tube .

[ The charge of electron, e = 1.6 x 10 -19

C and the mass of one electron, me= 9 x 10 -31

kg ] Hitungkan halaju sinar katod di dalam tiub palang maltese .

[ Cas bagi elektron, e = 1.6 x 10 -19

C dan jisim bagi elektron, me= 9 x 10 -31

kg ]

[2 marks]

(d) Diagram 3.2 shows a pair of magnet with opposite poles are placed at the sides of

the tube. One of the shadow deflects.

Rajah menunjukkan sepasang magnet dengan kutub berbeza diletakkan pada sisi tiub tersebut. Satu

daripada bayang-bayang tersebut terpesong.


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(i) By using an arrow, show the direction of the shadow which deflects in Diagram 3.2. Dengan menggunakan anak panah, tunjukkan arah pesongan bayang pada skrin di

Rajah 3.2. [1 mark]

(ii) State the physics rule used to determine the direction of the shadow. Nyatakan peraturan fizik yang digunakan untuk menentukan arah bayang tersebut.

....................................... [1 mark]

14. Diagram 4.1 shows a Central Heating System (CHS) which consists of a heater, a switch , a

temperature sensor and logic gate L. Rajah 4.1 menunjukkan Sistem Pemanasan Sepusat (CHS) yang terdiri daripada pemanas, suis,

pengesan suhu dan get logik L.

The logic circuit will turn on the heater when the house is cold and the CHS switch is turned ON. Litar logik akan menghidupkan pam pemanas apabila rumah itu adalah sejuk dan suis CHS dihidupkan.

Keys : Kekunci: Temperature sensor : When cold, logic 0 Pengesan suhu: Apabila sejuk, logik 0 When hot, logic 1 Apabila panas, logik 1 Switch CHS : When ON, logic 1 Suis CHS: Apabila dihidupkan, logik 1

When OFF, logic 0 Apabila dimatikan, logik 0 Heater : Heater is activated, logic 1 Pemanas : Pemanas dihidupkan, logik 1

(a) What is the meaning of logic gate? Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan get logik?

......................................................................................................................................................... [1 mark]

Logic gate L

Get logik L

Heater

Pemanas


Temperature sensor

Pengesan suhu

Switch CHS

Suis CHS

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(b) Table 4.1 is a truth table of the Central Heating System (CHS). Jadual 4.1 adalah jadual kebenaran bagi Sistem Pemanasan Sepusat (CHS).

Temperature sensor Pengesan suhu

Switch CHS Suis CHS

Heater Pemanas

0 0 0

0 1 1

1 0 0

1 1 0

(i) Name the logic gate L in Diagram 4.1. Namakan get logik L dalam Rajah 4.1.

. .................................................................................................................................................. [1 mark]

(ii) Complete the circuit in Diagram 4.1 by drawing the logic gate L symbol. Lengkapkan litar dalam Rajah 4.1 dengan melukis simbol get logik L .

[1 mark]

(c) Diagram 4.2 shows how logic gate L is used in a fire alarm system circuit. Rajah4.2 menunjukkan bagaimana get logik L digunakan dalam litar sistem amaran kebakaran.

Keys : Kekunci: Temperature sensor : When cold, logic 0 Pengesan suhu: Apabila sejuk, logik 0 When hot, logic 1 Apabila panas, logik 1 Light sensor : When bright, logic 1 Pengesan cahaya: Apabila cerah, logik 1 When dark, logic 0 Apabila gelap, logik 0 Alarm : Alarm is activated, logic 1 Amaran : Amaran dihidupkan, logik 1

Table 4.1 / Jadual 4.1

Temperature sensor

Pengesan suhu

Light sensor

Pengesan cahaya

Logic gate L

Get logik L Alarm

Loceng amaran


26 4531/2 Fizik_SPM 2014

(i) Under which condition, the alarm will be activated Di bawah keadaan manakah, loceng amaran akan dihidupkan.

Temperature : ............................................ Suhu :

Light : ............................................ Cahaya :

[2 marks]

(ii) Table 4.2 is a truth table for the alarm system. Jadual 4.2 adalah jadual kebenaran bagi sistem amaran ini.

Temperature sensor Pengesan suhu

Light sensor Pengesan cahaya

Alarm Amaran

0 0

0 1

1 0

1 1

Complete Table 4.2. Lengkapkan Jadual 4.2.

[2 marks]

15. Diagram 4 shows the use of a transistor in a circuit. Rajah 4 menunjukkan kegunaan transistor dalam suatu litar.

Diagram 4

Rajah 4

Diagram 4 / Rajah 4

(a) Name the type of transistor used.

Namakan jenis transistor yang digunakan.

...................................

[1 mark]

Table 4.2 / Jadual 4.2

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(b) State the function of

Nyatakan fungsi

(i) relay switch.

suis geganti.

....................................

[1 mark]

(ii) resistor R1

perintang R1

..................................

[1 mark]

(c) The transistor is switched on when the base voltage V2 2 V. Calculate the minimum value of R2 when the transistor is switched on.

Transistor itu dihidupkan apabila voltan tapak V2 2 V Hitungkan nilai minimum R2 apabila transistor itu dihidupkan

[2 marks]

(d) The resistor R2 is then replaced with a light dependent resistor, LDR,which has high resistance

when it is dark. Perintang R2 kemudian digantikan dengan perintang peka cahaya,PPC, yang mempunyai rintangan

tinggi apabila gelap.

(i) State whether the bulb lighted up during the day. Nyatakan sama ada mentol itu menyala pada waktu siang.

..................................................

[1 mark]

(ii) Give one reason for the answer in (d) (i). Beri satu sebab bagi jawapan di (d) (i).

...................................................

[1 mark]

28 4531/2 Fizik_SPM 2014

16 Diagram 4.1 shows a Geiger-Muller tube connected to a counter ratemeter to detect particles emit by a radioisotope P. Rajah 4.1 menunjukkan sebuah Tiub Geiger-Muller disambungkan kepada meter kadar untuk mengesan zarah-zarah yang dikeluarkan oleh satu radioisotop P.


(a) (i) State the natural properties of particle? Nyatakan sifat semulajadi zarah ?

....................................................... [1 mark]

(ii) Explain what happens to reading of the ratemeter when the radioisotope P is removed? Terangkan apakah yang terjadi kepada bacaan meter kadar apabila radioisotop P dialihkan?

.......

.......

.......

....... [2 marks]

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(b) Diagram 4.2 shows a graph of radioactive activity against time for radioisotope P. Rajah 4.2 menunjukkan satu graf aktiviti melawan masa bagi radioisotop P.

(i) Determine the half life of radioisotope P. Show on the graph how you determine the half

life. Tentukan separuh hayat radioisotop P. Tunjukkan pada graf bagaimana anda menentukan separuh hayat.

[2 marks]

(ii) Calculate the percentage of the activity after 16 days. Hitungkan peratus aktiviti selepas 16 hari.

[2 marks]

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17. Diagram 3 shows a system used in a factory to ensure the thickness of cardboard sheet is

uniform. The system used radioactive source that emits radioactive radiation. Rajah 3 menunjukkan suatu sistem yang digunakan dalam sebuah kilang untuk memastikan ketebalan

kepingan kadbod adalah seragam. Sistem itu menggunakan sumber radioaktif.

Diagram 3 / Rajah 3

(a) What is the meaning of radioactivity? Apakah maksud keradioaktifan?

.......................................

...........................................................

........................................................... [1 mark]

(b) Name the suitable type of radioactive radiation should be emitted by the source. Namakan jenis sinaran yang sesuai perlu dipancarkan oleh sumber itu.

.................................. [1 mark]

(c) The thickness of cardboard sheets are accepted if the reading of the counter is 230 counts

per minute. Ketebalan kepingan kadbod akan diterima jika bacaan pembilang adalah 230 bilangan per minit.

(i) If one of the readings shown by the counter is less than 230 counts per minute, what

can you say about the thickness of the cardboard sheet compared to the accepted

thickness? Jika satu dari bacaan yang ditunjukkan oleh pembilang itu kurang dari 230 bilangan per minit,

apakah yang boleh anda katakan mengenai ketebalan kepingan kadbod itu berbanding dengan

nilai ketebalan yang diterima?

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Tick ( ) the correct answer in the box provided. Tanda () jawapan betul dalam kotak yang disediakan.

The cardboard sheet is thicker. Kepingan kadbod itu lebih tebal.

The cardboard sheet is thinner. Kepingan kadbod itu lebih nipis.

[1 mark]

(ii) Give one reason for the answer in (c) (i). Beri satu sebab bagi jawapan bagi (c) (i).

...............

................... [1 mark]

(d) The initial mass of the radioactive source used is 100.0 g. The mass of the source becomes

12.5 g after it is being used for 9 years. Jisim awal bahan radioaktif yang digunakan ialah 100.0 g. Jisim bahan itu menjadi 12.5 g selepas

ia digunakan selama 9 tahun.

Calculate the half life of the radioactive source? Hitung separuh hayat bahan radioaktif itu?

[2 marks]

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18 Diagram 11.1 shows a stamp collector examines a stamp using a magnifying glass. Gambarajah 11.1 menunjukkan seorang pengumpul setem sedang meneliti sekeping setem menggunakan kanta pembesar.

Diagram11.1 / Rajah 11.1

Table 11 shows characteristics of four types of magnifying glass Jadual 11 menunjukkan ciri-ciri bagi empat jenis kanta pembesar

Types of

Magnifying

glass Jenis kanta

pembesar

Characteristics Ciri-ciri

Percentage of

light transmitted Peratus cahaya

dipancarkan / %

Type of lens Jenis kanta

Focal length Jarak fokus / cm

Diameter/cm

J 90 Convex cembung

5.0 15.0

K 95 Concave

cekung 20.0 5.0

L 95 Convex cembung

20.0 15.0

M 85 Concave

cekung 5.0 5.0

Table 11 / Jadual 11

(a) What is meant by the focal length? Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan jarak fokus?

[1 mark]

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(b) You are requested to choose the magnifying glass to be used by a stamp collector to examines the stamps.

Anda dikehendaki memilih kanta pembesar yang sesuai untuk digunakan oleh pengumpul setem untuk meneliti setemnya

By referring to the characteristics given in Table 11, explain the suitability of each

characteristic and suggest the most suitable magnifying glass to be used by a stamp

collector. Dengan merujuk kepada ciri-ciri yang diberikan dalam Jadual 11, terangkan kesesuaian setiap ciri

dan cadangkan kanta pembesar yang paling sesuai untuk digunakan oleh pengumpul setem tersebut..

[10 marks]

(c) A student is using a magnifying glass M to observe a small ant at a distance of 2 cm. Seorang pelajar menggunakan kanta pembesar M untuk memerhati semut yang kecil pada jarak 2 cm.

(i) Calculate the image distance. Kirakan jarak imej.

[2 marks]

(ii) Determine the linear magnification of the image of the ant. Tentukan pembesaran linear bagi imej semut tersebut.

[2 marks]

( d) You are given a convex lens. Describe how the power of the lens can be determined.

State the relationship between power and focal length of a lens. Anda diberikan satu kanta .Huraikan bagaimana anda dapat menentukan kuasa kanta tersebut. Nyatakan hubungan antara kuasa kanta dengan panjang fokus kanta.

[5 marks]

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Bahagian :. No. Soalan :..

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19. Diagram 12.1 shows an electrical circuit.

Rajah 12.1 menunjukkan satu litar elektrik .


(a) (i) What is the function of rheostat in the circuit ? [1 mark] Apakah fungsi rheostat dalam litar itu? [1 markah]

(ii) State the energy transformation occurs at the bulb in the circuit . [1 mark] Nyatakan perubahan tenaga yang berlaku pada mentol dalam litar itu.

[1 markah]

(iii) Draw the diagram of circuit in Diagram 12.1 using symbols. [1 mark] Lukiskan litar dalam Rajah 12.1 menggunakan simbol [1 markah]

(b). Explain why the brightness of the bulb increases when the slider is adjusted close to Q. Terangkan mengapa kecerahan mentol bertambah apabila gelongsor dilaraskan mendekati Q.

[2 markah]

(c) Diagram 12.2 shows an electric circuit consist of two bulbs R and S labeled 6V 3W and

6V 12W respectively connected to a 6V battery. Rajah 12.2 menunjukkan satu litar elektrik terdiri dari dua mentol, R dan S yang masing-masing

berlabel 6V 3W dan 6V 12W disambungkan pada sebuah bateri 6V.

Q

Slider Gelongsor

Q

Switch Suis

Bulb Mentol

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When the switch is turn on, calculate: Apabila suis dihidupkan , hitungkan:

(i) the total current in the circuit . Jumlah arus yang m,engalir didalam litar.

[ 3 markah] (ii) the energy used by a bulb , R in one minute.

tenaga yang digunakan oleh mentol R dalam satu minit.

[2 markah]

(d) National Grid Network is a system of electric transmission from power station to the

consumer in our country. Diagram 12.3 shows a block diagram of the system. Rangkaian Grid Nasional ialah satu system penghantaran tenaga elektrik daripada stesen

janakuasa ke kawasan pengguna di negara kita. Rajah 12.3 menunjukkan gambarajah blok sistem

tersebut.


Power Stesen Stesen Janakuasa

Transformer P

Transformer P ppp

Transformer Q Transformer Q

Consumer Pengguna

Electric Cable Kabel elektrik

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Using your knowledge about electrical and Diagram 12.3 , you are asked to determine the most

suitable item used in the system J, K, L, M and N for a National Grid Network system in Diagram

12.4. Menggunakan pengetahuan anda mengenai elektrik dan Rajah 12.3 , anda dikehendaki mengenalpasti ciri-

ciri yang digunakan dalam system J, K, L, M dan N untuk Rangkaian Grid Nasional dalam Rajah 12.4.


Study the specification of the five system and explain the suitability of each based on following

aspects; Kaji spesifikasi kelima-lima sistem itu dan terangkan kesesuaiain setiap satunya berdasarkan aspek

berikut:

(i) type of transformer P and Q jenis transformer P dan Q

(ii) characteristic of cable used ciri-ciri kabel yang digunakan

(iii) potential difference transmission of electric beza keupayaan elektrik yang dihantar

(iv) The position of cable kedudukan kabel

Explain the suitability of each aspects and determine the most suitable system. Give your reason

for your choice. Terangkan kesesuaian setiap aspek dan tentukan siatem yang paling sesuai. Beri sebab bagi jawapan anda.

[10 markah]

System Sistem

Type of Transformer Jenis transformer

Diameter of conductor

cable Diameter konduktor

kabel

Transmission voltage Voltan Penghantaran

Cable Position Kedudukan kabel

J

P is step up

Q is step down P injak naik

Q injak turun

Big diameter

conductor Diameter konduktor

besar

Curent with Low

voltage Arus dengan voltan rendah

On the Pylon Di atas pilon

K

Q is step up

P is step down Q injak naik

P injak turun

Small diameter

Conductor Diameter konduktor

kecil

Current with higher

voltage Arus dengan voltan tinggi

On concrete piller Di atas tiang konkrit

L

P is step up

Q is step down P injak naik

Q injak turun

Big diameter

conductor Diameter konduktor

besar

Current with higher

voltage Arus dengan voltan tinggi

On the Pylon Di atas pilon

M

Q is step up

P is step down Q injak naik

P injak turun

Small diameter


kecil

Curent with Low

voltage Arus dengan voltan rendah

On concrete pylon Di atas tiang konkrit

N

P is step up

Q is step up P injak naik

Q injak naik

Small diameter


kecil

Current with higher

vltage Arus dengan voltan tinggi

On concrete piller Di atas tiang konkrit

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SELAMAT MAJU JAYA SPM 2014

pecutan terakhir bengkel fizik imtiaz spm 2014

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