module2 computer system

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ICTL for Secondary School - Computer Hardware Module

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MODULE 2

Overview of the Computer System

Curriculum Development Centre Ministry of Education Malaysia


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1. Name of Module : Computer Parts and Components – Overview of the Computer System 2. Learning Outcomes: The students should be able to:

• Identify main components in the computer system

• state the functions of the main components in the computer system

• explain briefly the data processing cycle of a computer system

3. Knowledge and Skills:

1. What is a computer

2. The different types of computer

4. Module Summary: At the end of the module, students should be able to identify and

state the functions of the main components in the computer system as well as explain

briefly the data processing cycle of a computer system.

This module contains 2 activities:

Activity 1: Identifying the main components in the computer system and their functions

Activity 2: Briefly explain the data processing cycle of the computer

system


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Activity 1 MAIN COMPUTER SYSTEM Monitor A monitor is a computer display that is like a TV monitor. A computer monitor image is made up

of pixels (dots). In general, the higher the resolution, the better the image. The smaller the dots

pitch (typically from 0.25 mm to 0.31 mm), the better the image. The different types of display

screens are:

• Standard television set

An ordinary home televisionthat can be used for computer output.

• Standard computer monitors

These monitors have better resolution than TV monitors. Some are

flat screens.

• Liquid Crystal Displays (LCD)

These screens are made up of two glass plates with liquid in

between.

system Unit

mouse keyboard

speaker

monitor


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Keyboard

The keyboard is the main input device for text and commands. The computer keyboard uses the

same key arrangement as typewriters. It also contain standard function keys, such as the

escape, cursor movement and control keys.

Keyboards come with three (3) different types of port such as:

• Serial port

• PS/2 port

• USB port.

Wireless keyboard Multimedia keyboard


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Speakers

Speakers give out information in the form of sound. Computer speakers range widely in quality and price. Computer speakers are typically packaged with computer systems in small plastic boxes with mediocre sound quality. The internal amplifiers requires an external power source, known as 'wall-wart'.

Mouse

A mouse is an input device used to controls the movement of the cursor or pointer on a display

screen. It has right click, left click and double click to function

An optical mouse uses camera technology and digital processing to compare and track the

position of the mouse, rather than a ball and rollers used on PS/2 port mouse. A small LED

(light-emitting diode) provides light underneath the mouse, helping to highlight slight differences

in the surface underneath the mouse. It does not require maintenance or regular cleaning. (source : http://images.search.yahoo.com)

USB port optical mouse

PS/2 port mouse

Cordless optical mouse


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System Unit

A system unit is also known as a base unit. It is the main body of a desktop computer consisting of a metal or fibre enclosure containing the motherboard, power supply, cooling fans, internal disk drives, memory modules and expansion cards(such as video and network cards) that are plugged into the motherboard.

(source : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_unit)

Printer A printer is a device that produces a hard copy (permanent human readable text or graphics) of documents stored in electronic form that prints texts or illustrations on paper.

Many printers are used as computer peripherals and are attached by a printer cable to a computer that serves as a document source. There are many types of computer printers.

Dot-Matrix printer The dot matrix printer is a low-cost printer that produces low quality output. It works like an automatic typewriter. It can also be used when carbon copies of a document are required.


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Ink-Jet printer

The ink jet printer is a low-cost printer that produces a mid-quality output. This type of printer is the most economical for colour output. Laser printer

The laser printer uses a laser beam to produce the best quality output. The speed of a laser printer is typically about 8 ppm (page per minute).


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Activity 2 Data Processing Cycle The computer system processes data into information through four operations; input, process,

storage and output.

The user enters the data by using an input device (such as keyboard, mouse) electronically

and is processed by the processor. In the processing operation, data is manipulated to process

or transform it into information

The storage (such as hard disk, compact disc (CD), diskettes) holds data, information and

programs. The output devices (such as monitor, printer) present the processed data as useful

information products to the user

Input

Process

Output

Storage


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Activity 3 Task A Label the pictures below . Write your answers in the boxes given.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.


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Task B Look at the pictures given in Column A. Then, name the components of the computer and state their functions.

COLUMN A

COLUMN B (Component name and function)


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Task C Complete the data processing cycle of a computer system below.

Input


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Reference Cashman, S. (2006) Discovering Computers 2006. USA : Thomson Course Technology. Ibrahim Ahmad, Mohd Hafiz et al (2007) Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Based on SPM Syllabus. Selangor: Venton Publishing (M) Sdn Bhd. NCC Education (2002) Computer Studies, Computer Ace. Sri Lanka : Computer Pioneers. Basic Computing (2003) by TMEdu Tech (M) Sdn Bhd http://www.wikipedia.org http://images.search.yahoo.com http://www.google.com.my