7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 118

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983105

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983115983157983148983145983156 983108983141983152983137983150

AUTOMATIC GATE SYSTEM INTERFACED RFID TO PIC

USING SERIAL PORT

NASIM BIN MASNGUT

MOHD FITRI BIN MD ZAIN

MUKTI HASHIM BIN TAHIR

POLITEKNIK SULTAN IDRIS SHAH

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

25cm

Y

25cm

Y

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 218

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983106

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983124983157983148983137983150983143 983106983141983148983137983147983137983150983143 983116983137983152983151983154983137983150

L A P OR A N

P R O J E K

D I P L OMA

K E J U R U T E R A A N

E L E K

T R ON I K

( K OMP U T E R )

2 0 1 0

P S I S

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 318

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983107

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983124983137983146983157983147 983120983154983151983146983141983147 (983106983113983081

AUTOMATIC GATE SYSTEM INTERFACED RFID TO PIC

USING SERIAL PORT

NASIM BIN MASNGUT

MOHD FITRI BIN MD ZAIN

MUKTI HASHIM BIN TAHIR

This Report Is Submitted In Partial Fulfillment Of The Requirements For Diploma

In Electronic Engineering (Computer)

Jabatan Kejuruteraan Elektrik

Politeknik Sultan Idris Shah

April 2010

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

25cm

25cm

X

X

Y

Y

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 418

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983107

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983124983137983146983157983147 983120983154983151983146983141983147 (983106983117983081

MEREKA BENTUK PENUTUP LONGKANG YANG DI PERBUAT

DARIPADA BULUH DAN KONKRIT

Laporan ini dikemukakan sebagai memenuhi sebahagian syarat

penganugerahan Diploma Kejuruteraan Awam

Jabatan Kejuruteraan Awam

Politeknik Sultan Idris Shah

April 2010

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

25cm

25cm

X

X

Y

Y

NORFITRIMURNI BT ROSHIDI

NURUL lsquoIZZATI BT BAHARI

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 518

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983108

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983120983141983150983143983141983155983137983144983137983150 983116983137983152983151983154983137983150 983120983154983151983146983141983147 (983106983113983081

ENDORSEMENT

ldquoI hereby acknowledge that I have read this report and I find that its contents meet the

requirements in terms of scope and quality for the award of the Diploma in Electronic

Engineering (Computer)rdquo

Checked by

Signature helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Name of Supervisor helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Date helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Approved by

Signature helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Name of Coordinator helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Date helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

1 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

1 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 618

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983108

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983120983141983150983143983141983155983137983144983137983150 983116983137983152983151983154983137983150 983120983154983151983146983141983147 (983106983117983081

PENGESAHAN LAPORAN PROJEK

ldquoSaya akui bahawa saya telah membaca karya ini dan pada pandangan saya karya ini

adalah memadai dari segi skop dan kualiti untuk penganugerahan

Diploma Kejuruteraan Awamrdquo

Disemak oleh

Tandatangan helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Nama Penyelia helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Tarikh helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Disahkan oleh

Tandatangan helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Nama Penyelaras helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Tarikh helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 baris

2 baris

2 baris

1 baris

1 baris

2 baris

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

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983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983109

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983120983141983150983143983137983147983157983137983150 983120983141983148983137983146983137983154 (983106983113983081

DECLARATION

ldquoWe hereby declare that the work in this report is our own except for quotations and

summaries which have been duly acknowledgedrdquo

Signature

Name

Registration Num

Date

Signature

Name

Registration Num

Date

Signature

Name

Registration Num

Date

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 818

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983109

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983120983141983150983143983137983147983157983137983150 983120983141983148983137983146983137983154 (983106983117983081

PENGAKUAN

ldquoKami akui karya ini adalah hasil kerja kami sendiri kecuali nukilan dan ringkasan yang

tiap-tiap satunya telah kami jelaskan sumbernyardquo

Tandatangan

Nama

No Pendaftaran

Tarikh

Tandatangan

Nama

No Pendaftaran

Tarikh

Tandatangan

Nama

No Pendaftaran

Tarikh

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 baris

2 baris

2 baris

2 baris

2 baris

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 918

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983110

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983108983141983140983145983147983137983155983145

DEDICATION

To my beloved mother and father

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1018

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983111

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983120983141983150983143983144983137983154983143983137983137983150

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We are heartily thankful to my supervisor En Ramizi Bin Mohamed whose

encouragement guidance and support from the initial to the final level enabled us to

develop an understanding of the subject

Lastly we offer our regards and blessings to all of those who supported us in

any respect during the completion of the project

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1118

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983112

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983105983138983155983156983154983137983147

ABSTRACT

Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) has many applications in traffic systems

(highway electronic toll collection red light violation enforcement border and customscheckpoints etc) License Plate Recognition is an effective form of AVI systems In

this study a smart and simple algorithm is presented for vehiclersquos license plate

recognition system The proposed algorithm consists of three major parts Extraction of

plate region segmentation of characters and recognition of plate characters For

extracting the plate region edge detection algorithms and smearing algorithms are used

In segmentation part smearing algorithms filtering and some morphological algorithms

are used And finally statistical based template matching is used for recognition of plate

characters The performance of the proposed algorithm has been tested on real images

Based on the experimental results we noted that our algorithm shows superior

performance in car license plate recognition

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

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983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983113

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983115983137983150983140983157983150983143983137983150

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER TITLE PAGE

ENDORSEMENT ii

DECLARATION iii

DEDICATION iv

1 INTRODUCTION

11 Introduction 1

12 Problem Statement 2

13 Objective 3

14 Project Scope 3

2 LITERATURE REVIEW

21 Sub-heading 1 18

22 Sub-heading 2 19

221 Sub-subheading 1 21

REFERENCES 80

APPENDICES 82

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

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2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

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983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983114

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983123983141983150983137983154983137983145 983114983137983140983157983137983148

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE TITLE PAGE

21 RFID Frequency Ranges 16

22 Comparison of Various Access Control Method 17

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

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2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

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983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983123983141983150983137983154983137983145 983122983137983146983137983144

LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE TITLE PAGE

21 The RFID Reader and Transponder 22

22 RFID System Components 23

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25cm

25cm

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7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

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983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983123983141983150983137983154983137983145 983123983145983150983143983147983137983156983137983150

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

ADODC - ADO Data Control

ID - Identification

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983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983123983141983150983137983154983137983145 983116983137983149983152983145983154983137983150

LIST OF APPENDICES

APPENDIX TITLE PAGE

A Visual Basic Source Code 86

B Data Sheet of PIC16F877 88

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25cm

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7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

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983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983120983141983150983151983149983138983151983154983137983150 983106983137983138 983140983137983150

983123983157983138 983114983157983140983157983148 983108983137983148983137983149 983106983137983138

CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE REVIEW

21 Sub-heading

Text should be started from here and with 15-line spacing The font for number

and title of chapter is Times New Roman and the font size is 12

211 Sub-subheading

Text should be started from here and with 15-line spacing The font for number

and title of chapter is Times New Roman and the font size is 12

25cm

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25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

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4 X 15 line spacing

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2 X 15 line spacing

4 X 15 line spacing

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983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983119

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983122983157983146983157983147983137983150

REFERENCES

Baditoi B E (2005) ldquoStudents Placed At-Risk of School Failure In An Era of

Educational Reform Implications for Staff Developmentrdquo Virginia Polytechnic

Institute Tesis PhD

Chua Yan Piaw (2006) ldquoKaedah Dan Statistik Penyelidikanrdquo Kuala Lumpur McGraw

Hill (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd 115

Ramlee Mustapha and Abu Abdullah (2004) ldquoMalaysia Transition Towards a

Knowledge-Based Economyrdquo The Journal of Technologies Studies 3 53-63

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

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983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983106

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983124983157983148983137983150983143 983106983141983148983137983147983137983150983143 983116983137983152983151983154983137983150

L A P OR A N

P R O J E K

D I P L OMA

K E J U R U T E R A A N

E L E K

T R ON I K

( K OMP U T E R )

2 0 1 0

P S I S

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 318

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983107

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983124983137983146983157983147 983120983154983151983146983141983147 (983106983113983081

AUTOMATIC GATE SYSTEM INTERFACED RFID TO PIC

USING SERIAL PORT

NASIM BIN MASNGUT

MOHD FITRI BIN MD ZAIN

MUKTI HASHIM BIN TAHIR

This Report Is Submitted In Partial Fulfillment Of The Requirements For Diploma

In Electronic Engineering (Computer)

Jabatan Kejuruteraan Elektrik

Politeknik Sultan Idris Shah

April 2010

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

25cm

25cm

X

X

Y

Y

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 418

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983107

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983124983137983146983157983147 983120983154983151983146983141983147 (983106983117983081

MEREKA BENTUK PENUTUP LONGKANG YANG DI PERBUAT

DARIPADA BULUH DAN KONKRIT

Laporan ini dikemukakan sebagai memenuhi sebahagian syarat

penganugerahan Diploma Kejuruteraan Awam

Jabatan Kejuruteraan Awam

Politeknik Sultan Idris Shah

April 2010

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

25cm

25cm

X

X

Y

Y

NORFITRIMURNI BT ROSHIDI

NURUL lsquoIZZATI BT BAHARI

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 518

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983108

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983120983141983150983143983141983155983137983144983137983150 983116983137983152983151983154983137983150 983120983154983151983146983141983147 (983106983113983081

ENDORSEMENT

ldquoI hereby acknowledge that I have read this report and I find that its contents meet the

requirements in terms of scope and quality for the award of the Diploma in Electronic

Engineering (Computer)rdquo

Checked by

Signature helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Name of Supervisor helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Date helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Approved by

Signature helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Name of Coordinator helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Date helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

1 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

1 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 618

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983108

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983120983141983150983143983141983155983137983144983137983150 983116983137983152983151983154983137983150 983120983154983151983146983141983147 (983106983117983081

PENGESAHAN LAPORAN PROJEK

ldquoSaya akui bahawa saya telah membaca karya ini dan pada pandangan saya karya ini

adalah memadai dari segi skop dan kualiti untuk penganugerahan

Diploma Kejuruteraan Awamrdquo

Disemak oleh

Tandatangan helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Nama Penyelia helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Tarikh helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Disahkan oleh

Tandatangan helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Nama Penyelaras helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Tarikh helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 baris

2 baris

2 baris

1 baris

1 baris

2 baris

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 718

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983109

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983120983141983150983143983137983147983157983137983150 983120983141983148983137983146983137983154 (983106983113983081

DECLARATION

ldquoWe hereby declare that the work in this report is our own except for quotations and

summaries which have been duly acknowledgedrdquo

Signature

Name

Registration Num

Date

Signature

Name

Registration Num

Date

Signature

Name

Registration Num

Date

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 818

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983109

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983120983141983150983143983137983147983157983137983150 983120983141983148983137983146983137983154 (983106983117983081

PENGAKUAN

ldquoKami akui karya ini adalah hasil kerja kami sendiri kecuali nukilan dan ringkasan yang

tiap-tiap satunya telah kami jelaskan sumbernyardquo

Tandatangan

Nama

No Pendaftaran

Tarikh

Tandatangan

Nama

No Pendaftaran

Tarikh

Tandatangan

Nama

No Pendaftaran

Tarikh

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 baris

2 baris

2 baris

2 baris

2 baris

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 918

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983110

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983108983141983140983145983147983137983155983145

DEDICATION

To my beloved mother and father

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1018

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983111

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983120983141983150983143983144983137983154983143983137983137983150

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We are heartily thankful to my supervisor En Ramizi Bin Mohamed whose

encouragement guidance and support from the initial to the final level enabled us to

develop an understanding of the subject

Lastly we offer our regards and blessings to all of those who supported us in

any respect during the completion of the project

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1118

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983112

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983105983138983155983156983154983137983147

ABSTRACT

Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) has many applications in traffic systems

(highway electronic toll collection red light violation enforcement border and customscheckpoints etc) License Plate Recognition is an effective form of AVI systems In

this study a smart and simple algorithm is presented for vehiclersquos license plate

recognition system The proposed algorithm consists of three major parts Extraction of

plate region segmentation of characters and recognition of plate characters For

extracting the plate region edge detection algorithms and smearing algorithms are used

In segmentation part smearing algorithms filtering and some morphological algorithms

are used And finally statistical based template matching is used for recognition of plate

characters The performance of the proposed algorithm has been tested on real images

Based on the experimental results we noted that our algorithm shows superior

performance in car license plate recognition

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

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983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983113

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983115983137983150983140983157983150983143983137983150

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER TITLE PAGE

ENDORSEMENT ii

DECLARATION iii

DEDICATION iv

1 INTRODUCTION

11 Introduction 1

12 Problem Statement 2

13 Objective 3

14 Project Scope 3

2 LITERATURE REVIEW

21 Sub-heading 1 18

22 Sub-heading 2 19

221 Sub-subheading 1 21

REFERENCES 80

APPENDICES 82

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

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983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983114

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983123983141983150983137983154983137983145 983114983137983140983157983137983148

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE TITLE PAGE

21 RFID Frequency Ranges 16

22 Comparison of Various Access Control Method 17

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

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983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983115

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983123983141983150983137983154983137983145 983122983137983146983137983144

LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE TITLE PAGE

21 The RFID Reader and Transponder 22

22 RFID System Components 23

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

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983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983116

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983123983141983150983137983154983137983145 983123983145983150983143983147983137983156983137983150

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

ADODC - ADO Data Control

ID - Identification

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

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983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983117

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983123983141983150983137983154983137983145 983116983137983149983152983145983154983137983150

LIST OF APPENDICES

APPENDIX TITLE PAGE

A Visual Basic Source Code 86

B Data Sheet of PIC16F877 88

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

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983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983118

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983120983141983150983151983149983138983151983154983137983150 983106983137983138 983140983137983150

983123983157983138 983114983157983140983157983148 983108983137983148983137983149 983106983137983138

CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE REVIEW

21 Sub-heading

Text should be started from here and with 15-line spacing The font for number

and title of chapter is Times New Roman and the font size is 12

211 Sub-subheading

Text should be started from here and with 15-line spacing The font for number

and title of chapter is Times New Roman and the font size is 12

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

4 X 15 line spacing

4 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

4 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

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983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983119

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983122983157983146983157983147983137983150

REFERENCES

Baditoi B E (2005) ldquoStudents Placed At-Risk of School Failure In An Era of

Educational Reform Implications for Staff Developmentrdquo Virginia Polytechnic

Institute Tesis PhD

Chua Yan Piaw (2006) ldquoKaedah Dan Statistik Penyelidikanrdquo Kuala Lumpur McGraw

Hill (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd 115

Ramlee Mustapha and Abu Abdullah (2004) ldquoMalaysia Transition Towards a

Knowledge-Based Economyrdquo The Journal of Technologies Studies 3 53-63

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

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983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983107

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983124983137983146983157983147 983120983154983151983146983141983147 (983106983113983081

AUTOMATIC GATE SYSTEM INTERFACED RFID TO PIC

USING SERIAL PORT

NASIM BIN MASNGUT

MOHD FITRI BIN MD ZAIN

MUKTI HASHIM BIN TAHIR

This Report Is Submitted In Partial Fulfillment Of The Requirements For Diploma

In Electronic Engineering (Computer)

Jabatan Kejuruteraan Elektrik

Politeknik Sultan Idris Shah

April 2010

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

25cm

25cm

X

X

Y

Y

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

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983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983107

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983124983137983146983157983147 983120983154983151983146983141983147 (983106983117983081

MEREKA BENTUK PENUTUP LONGKANG YANG DI PERBUAT

DARIPADA BULUH DAN KONKRIT

Laporan ini dikemukakan sebagai memenuhi sebahagian syarat

penganugerahan Diploma Kejuruteraan Awam

Jabatan Kejuruteraan Awam

Politeknik Sultan Idris Shah

April 2010

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

25cm

25cm

X

X

Y

Y

NORFITRIMURNI BT ROSHIDI

NURUL lsquoIZZATI BT BAHARI

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 518

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983108

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983120983141983150983143983141983155983137983144983137983150 983116983137983152983151983154983137983150 983120983154983151983146983141983147 (983106983113983081

ENDORSEMENT

ldquoI hereby acknowledge that I have read this report and I find that its contents meet the

requirements in terms of scope and quality for the award of the Diploma in Electronic

Engineering (Computer)rdquo

Checked by

Signature helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Name of Supervisor helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Date helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Approved by

Signature helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Name of Coordinator helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Date helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

1 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

1 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 618

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983108

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983120983141983150983143983141983155983137983144983137983150 983116983137983152983151983154983137983150 983120983154983151983146983141983147 (983106983117983081

PENGESAHAN LAPORAN PROJEK

ldquoSaya akui bahawa saya telah membaca karya ini dan pada pandangan saya karya ini

adalah memadai dari segi skop dan kualiti untuk penganugerahan

Diploma Kejuruteraan Awamrdquo

Disemak oleh

Tandatangan helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Nama Penyelia helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Tarikh helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Disahkan oleh

Tandatangan helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Nama Penyelaras helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Tarikh helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 baris

2 baris

2 baris

1 baris

1 baris

2 baris

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

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983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983109

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983120983141983150983143983137983147983157983137983150 983120983141983148983137983146983137983154 (983106983113983081

DECLARATION

ldquoWe hereby declare that the work in this report is our own except for quotations and

summaries which have been duly acknowledgedrdquo

Signature

Name

Registration Num

Date

Signature

Name

Registration Num

Date

Signature

Name

Registration Num

Date

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 818

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983109

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983120983141983150983143983137983147983157983137983150 983120983141983148983137983146983137983154 (983106983117983081

PENGAKUAN

ldquoKami akui karya ini adalah hasil kerja kami sendiri kecuali nukilan dan ringkasan yang

tiap-tiap satunya telah kami jelaskan sumbernyardquo

Tandatangan

Nama

No Pendaftaran

Tarikh

Tandatangan

Nama

No Pendaftaran

Tarikh

Tandatangan

Nama

No Pendaftaran

Tarikh

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 baris

2 baris

2 baris

2 baris

2 baris

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 918

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983110

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983108983141983140983145983147983137983155983145

DEDICATION

To my beloved mother and father

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

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983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983111

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983120983141983150983143983144983137983154983143983137983137983150

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We are heartily thankful to my supervisor En Ramizi Bin Mohamed whose

encouragement guidance and support from the initial to the final level enabled us to

develop an understanding of the subject

Lastly we offer our regards and blessings to all of those who supported us in

any respect during the completion of the project

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1118

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983112

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983105983138983155983156983154983137983147

ABSTRACT

Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) has many applications in traffic systems

(highway electronic toll collection red light violation enforcement border and customscheckpoints etc) License Plate Recognition is an effective form of AVI systems In

this study a smart and simple algorithm is presented for vehiclersquos license plate

recognition system The proposed algorithm consists of three major parts Extraction of

plate region segmentation of characters and recognition of plate characters For

extracting the plate region edge detection algorithms and smearing algorithms are used

In segmentation part smearing algorithms filtering and some morphological algorithms

are used And finally statistical based template matching is used for recognition of plate

characters The performance of the proposed algorithm has been tested on real images

Based on the experimental results we noted that our algorithm shows superior

performance in car license plate recognition

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1218

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983113

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983115983137983150983140983157983150983143983137983150

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER TITLE PAGE

ENDORSEMENT ii

DECLARATION iii

DEDICATION iv

1 INTRODUCTION

11 Introduction 1

12 Problem Statement 2

13 Objective 3

14 Project Scope 3

2 LITERATURE REVIEW

21 Sub-heading 1 18

22 Sub-heading 2 19

221 Sub-subheading 1 21

REFERENCES 80

APPENDICES 82

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

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983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983114

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983123983141983150983137983154983137983145 983114983137983140983157983137983148

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE TITLE PAGE

21 RFID Frequency Ranges 16

22 Comparison of Various Access Control Method 17

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1418

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983115

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983123983141983150983137983154983137983145 983122983137983146983137983144

LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE TITLE PAGE

21 The RFID Reader and Transponder 22

22 RFID System Components 23

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

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983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983116

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983123983141983150983137983154983137983145 983123983145983150983143983147983137983156983137983150

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

ADODC - ADO Data Control

ID - Identification

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

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983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983117

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983123983141983150983137983154983137983145 983116983137983149983152983145983154983137983150

LIST OF APPENDICES

APPENDIX TITLE PAGE

A Visual Basic Source Code 86

B Data Sheet of PIC16F877 88

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

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983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983118

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983120983141983150983151983149983138983151983154983137983150 983106983137983138 983140983137983150

983123983157983138 983114983157983140983157983148 983108983137983148983137983149 983106983137983138

CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE REVIEW

21 Sub-heading

Text should be started from here and with 15-line spacing The font for number

and title of chapter is Times New Roman and the font size is 12

211 Sub-subheading

Text should be started from here and with 15-line spacing The font for number

and title of chapter is Times New Roman and the font size is 12

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

4 X 15 line spacing

4 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

4 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1818

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983119

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983122983157983146983157983147983137983150

REFERENCES

Baditoi B E (2005) ldquoStudents Placed At-Risk of School Failure In An Era of

Educational Reform Implications for Staff Developmentrdquo Virginia Polytechnic

Institute Tesis PhD

Chua Yan Piaw (2006) ldquoKaedah Dan Statistik Penyelidikanrdquo Kuala Lumpur McGraw

Hill (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd 115

Ramlee Mustapha and Abu Abdullah (2004) ldquoMalaysia Transition Towards a

Knowledge-Based Economyrdquo The Journal of Technologies Studies 3 53-63

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 418

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983107

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983124983137983146983157983147 983120983154983151983146983141983147 (983106983117983081

MEREKA BENTUK PENUTUP LONGKANG YANG DI PERBUAT

DARIPADA BULUH DAN KONKRIT

Laporan ini dikemukakan sebagai memenuhi sebahagian syarat

penganugerahan Diploma Kejuruteraan Awam

Jabatan Kejuruteraan Awam

Politeknik Sultan Idris Shah

April 2010

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

25cm

25cm

X

X

Y

Y

NORFITRIMURNI BT ROSHIDI

NURUL lsquoIZZATI BT BAHARI

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 518

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983108

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983120983141983150983143983141983155983137983144983137983150 983116983137983152983151983154983137983150 983120983154983151983146983141983147 (983106983113983081

ENDORSEMENT

ldquoI hereby acknowledge that I have read this report and I find that its contents meet the

requirements in terms of scope and quality for the award of the Diploma in Electronic

Engineering (Computer)rdquo

Checked by

Signature helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Name of Supervisor helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Date helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Approved by

Signature helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Name of Coordinator helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Date helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

1 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

1 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 618

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983108

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983120983141983150983143983141983155983137983144983137983150 983116983137983152983151983154983137983150 983120983154983151983146983141983147 (983106983117983081

PENGESAHAN LAPORAN PROJEK

ldquoSaya akui bahawa saya telah membaca karya ini dan pada pandangan saya karya ini

adalah memadai dari segi skop dan kualiti untuk penganugerahan

Diploma Kejuruteraan Awamrdquo

Disemak oleh

Tandatangan helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Nama Penyelia helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Tarikh helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Disahkan oleh

Tandatangan helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Nama Penyelaras helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Tarikh helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 baris

2 baris

2 baris

1 baris

1 baris

2 baris

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 718

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983109

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983120983141983150983143983137983147983157983137983150 983120983141983148983137983146983137983154 (983106983113983081

DECLARATION

ldquoWe hereby declare that the work in this report is our own except for quotations and

summaries which have been duly acknowledgedrdquo

Signature

Name

Registration Num

Date

Signature

Name

Registration Num

Date

Signature

Name

Registration Num

Date

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 818

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983109

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983120983141983150983143983137983147983157983137983150 983120983141983148983137983146983137983154 (983106983117983081

PENGAKUAN

ldquoKami akui karya ini adalah hasil kerja kami sendiri kecuali nukilan dan ringkasan yang

tiap-tiap satunya telah kami jelaskan sumbernyardquo

Tandatangan

Nama

No Pendaftaran

Tarikh

Tandatangan

Nama

No Pendaftaran

Tarikh

Tandatangan

Nama

No Pendaftaran

Tarikh

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 baris

2 baris

2 baris

2 baris

2 baris

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 918

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983110

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983108983141983140983145983147983137983155983145

DEDICATION

To my beloved mother and father

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1018

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983111

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983120983141983150983143983144983137983154983143983137983137983150

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We are heartily thankful to my supervisor En Ramizi Bin Mohamed whose

encouragement guidance and support from the initial to the final level enabled us to

develop an understanding of the subject

Lastly we offer our regards and blessings to all of those who supported us in

any respect during the completion of the project

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1118

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983112

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983105983138983155983156983154983137983147

ABSTRACT

Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) has many applications in traffic systems

(highway electronic toll collection red light violation enforcement border and customscheckpoints etc) License Plate Recognition is an effective form of AVI systems In

this study a smart and simple algorithm is presented for vehiclersquos license plate

recognition system The proposed algorithm consists of three major parts Extraction of

plate region segmentation of characters and recognition of plate characters For

extracting the plate region edge detection algorithms and smearing algorithms are used

In segmentation part smearing algorithms filtering and some morphological algorithms

are used And finally statistical based template matching is used for recognition of plate

characters The performance of the proposed algorithm has been tested on real images

Based on the experimental results we noted that our algorithm shows superior

performance in car license plate recognition

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1218

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983113

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983115983137983150983140983157983150983143983137983150

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER TITLE PAGE

ENDORSEMENT ii

DECLARATION iii

DEDICATION iv

1 INTRODUCTION

11 Introduction 1

12 Problem Statement 2

13 Objective 3

14 Project Scope 3

2 LITERATURE REVIEW

21 Sub-heading 1 18

22 Sub-heading 2 19

221 Sub-subheading 1 21

REFERENCES 80

APPENDICES 82

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1318

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983114

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983123983141983150983137983154983137983145 983114983137983140983157983137983148

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE TITLE PAGE

21 RFID Frequency Ranges 16

22 Comparison of Various Access Control Method 17

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1418

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983115

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983123983141983150983137983154983137983145 983122983137983146983137983144

LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE TITLE PAGE

21 The RFID Reader and Transponder 22

22 RFID System Components 23

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1518

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983116

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983123983141983150983137983154983137983145 983123983145983150983143983147983137983156983137983150

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

ADODC - ADO Data Control

ID - Identification

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1618

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983117

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983123983141983150983137983154983137983145 983116983137983149983152983145983154983137983150

LIST OF APPENDICES

APPENDIX TITLE PAGE

A Visual Basic Source Code 86

B Data Sheet of PIC16F877 88

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1718

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983118

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983120983141983150983151983149983138983151983154983137983150 983106983137983138 983140983137983150

983123983157983138 983114983157983140983157983148 983108983137983148983137983149 983106983137983138

CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE REVIEW

21 Sub-heading

Text should be started from here and with 15-line spacing The font for number

and title of chapter is Times New Roman and the font size is 12

211 Sub-subheading

Text should be started from here and with 15-line spacing The font for number

and title of chapter is Times New Roman and the font size is 12

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

4 X 15 line spacing

4 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

4 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1818

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983119

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983122983157983146983157983147983137983150

REFERENCES

Baditoi B E (2005) ldquoStudents Placed At-Risk of School Failure In An Era of

Educational Reform Implications for Staff Developmentrdquo Virginia Polytechnic

Institute Tesis PhD

Chua Yan Piaw (2006) ldquoKaedah Dan Statistik Penyelidikanrdquo Kuala Lumpur McGraw

Hill (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd 115

Ramlee Mustapha and Abu Abdullah (2004) ldquoMalaysia Transition Towards a

Knowledge-Based Economyrdquo The Journal of Technologies Studies 3 53-63

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 518

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983108

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983120983141983150983143983141983155983137983144983137983150 983116983137983152983151983154983137983150 983120983154983151983146983141983147 (983106983113983081

ENDORSEMENT

ldquoI hereby acknowledge that I have read this report and I find that its contents meet the

requirements in terms of scope and quality for the award of the Diploma in Electronic

Engineering (Computer)rdquo

Checked by

Signature helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Name of Supervisor helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Date helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Approved by

Signature helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Name of Coordinator helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Date helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

1 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

1 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 618

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983108

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983120983141983150983143983141983155983137983144983137983150 983116983137983152983151983154983137983150 983120983154983151983146983141983147 (983106983117983081

PENGESAHAN LAPORAN PROJEK

ldquoSaya akui bahawa saya telah membaca karya ini dan pada pandangan saya karya ini

adalah memadai dari segi skop dan kualiti untuk penganugerahan

Diploma Kejuruteraan Awamrdquo

Disemak oleh

Tandatangan helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Nama Penyelia helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Tarikh helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Disahkan oleh

Tandatangan helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Nama Penyelaras helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Tarikh helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 baris

2 baris

2 baris

1 baris

1 baris

2 baris

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 718

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983109

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983120983141983150983143983137983147983157983137983150 983120983141983148983137983146983137983154 (983106983113983081

DECLARATION

ldquoWe hereby declare that the work in this report is our own except for quotations and

summaries which have been duly acknowledgedrdquo

Signature

Name

Registration Num

Date

Signature

Name

Registration Num

Date

Signature

Name

Registration Num

Date

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 818

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983109

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983120983141983150983143983137983147983157983137983150 983120983141983148983137983146983137983154 (983106983117983081

PENGAKUAN

ldquoKami akui karya ini adalah hasil kerja kami sendiri kecuali nukilan dan ringkasan yang

tiap-tiap satunya telah kami jelaskan sumbernyardquo

Tandatangan

Nama

No Pendaftaran

Tarikh

Tandatangan

Nama

No Pendaftaran

Tarikh

Tandatangan

Nama

No Pendaftaran

Tarikh

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 baris

2 baris

2 baris

2 baris

2 baris

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 918

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983110

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983108983141983140983145983147983137983155983145

DEDICATION

To my beloved mother and father

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1018

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983111

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983120983141983150983143983144983137983154983143983137983137983150

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We are heartily thankful to my supervisor En Ramizi Bin Mohamed whose

encouragement guidance and support from the initial to the final level enabled us to

develop an understanding of the subject

Lastly we offer our regards and blessings to all of those who supported us in

any respect during the completion of the project

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1118

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983112

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983105983138983155983156983154983137983147

ABSTRACT

Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) has many applications in traffic systems

(highway electronic toll collection red light violation enforcement border and customscheckpoints etc) License Plate Recognition is an effective form of AVI systems In

this study a smart and simple algorithm is presented for vehiclersquos license plate

recognition system The proposed algorithm consists of three major parts Extraction of

plate region segmentation of characters and recognition of plate characters For

extracting the plate region edge detection algorithms and smearing algorithms are used

In segmentation part smearing algorithms filtering and some morphological algorithms

are used And finally statistical based template matching is used for recognition of plate

characters The performance of the proposed algorithm has been tested on real images

Based on the experimental results we noted that our algorithm shows superior

performance in car license plate recognition

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1218

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983113

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983115983137983150983140983157983150983143983137983150

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER TITLE PAGE

ENDORSEMENT ii

DECLARATION iii

DEDICATION iv

1 INTRODUCTION

11 Introduction 1

12 Problem Statement 2

13 Objective 3

14 Project Scope 3

2 LITERATURE REVIEW

21 Sub-heading 1 18

22 Sub-heading 2 19

221 Sub-subheading 1 21

REFERENCES 80

APPENDICES 82

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1318

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983114

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983123983141983150983137983154983137983145 983114983137983140983157983137983148

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE TITLE PAGE

21 RFID Frequency Ranges 16

22 Comparison of Various Access Control Method 17

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1418

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983115

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983123983141983150983137983154983137983145 983122983137983146983137983144

LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE TITLE PAGE

21 The RFID Reader and Transponder 22

22 RFID System Components 23

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1518

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983116

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983123983141983150983137983154983137983145 983123983145983150983143983147983137983156983137983150

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

ADODC - ADO Data Control

ID - Identification

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1618

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983117

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983123983141983150983137983154983137983145 983116983137983149983152983145983154983137983150

LIST OF APPENDICES

APPENDIX TITLE PAGE

A Visual Basic Source Code 86

B Data Sheet of PIC16F877 88

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1718

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983118

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983120983141983150983151983149983138983151983154983137983150 983106983137983138 983140983137983150

983123983157983138 983114983157983140983157983148 983108983137983148983137983149 983106983137983138

CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE REVIEW

21 Sub-heading

Text should be started from here and with 15-line spacing The font for number

and title of chapter is Times New Roman and the font size is 12

211 Sub-subheading

Text should be started from here and with 15-line spacing The font for number

and title of chapter is Times New Roman and the font size is 12

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

4 X 15 line spacing

4 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

4 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1818

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983119

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983122983157983146983157983147983137983150

REFERENCES

Baditoi B E (2005) ldquoStudents Placed At-Risk of School Failure In An Era of

Educational Reform Implications for Staff Developmentrdquo Virginia Polytechnic

Institute Tesis PhD

Chua Yan Piaw (2006) ldquoKaedah Dan Statistik Penyelidikanrdquo Kuala Lumpur McGraw

Hill (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd 115

Ramlee Mustapha and Abu Abdullah (2004) ldquoMalaysia Transition Towards a

Knowledge-Based Economyrdquo The Journal of Technologies Studies 3 53-63

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 618

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983108

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983120983141983150983143983141983155983137983144983137983150 983116983137983152983151983154983137983150 983120983154983151983146983141983147 (983106983117983081

PENGESAHAN LAPORAN PROJEK

ldquoSaya akui bahawa saya telah membaca karya ini dan pada pandangan saya karya ini

adalah memadai dari segi skop dan kualiti untuk penganugerahan

Diploma Kejuruteraan Awamrdquo

Disemak oleh

Tandatangan helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Nama Penyelia helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Tarikh helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Disahkan oleh

Tandatangan helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Nama Penyelaras helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Tarikh helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 baris

2 baris

2 baris

1 baris

1 baris

2 baris

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 718

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983109

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983120983141983150983143983137983147983157983137983150 983120983141983148983137983146983137983154 (983106983113983081

DECLARATION

ldquoWe hereby declare that the work in this report is our own except for quotations and

summaries which have been duly acknowledgedrdquo

Signature

Name

Registration Num

Date

Signature

Name

Registration Num

Date

Signature

Name

Registration Num

Date

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 818

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983109

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983120983141983150983143983137983147983157983137983150 983120983141983148983137983146983137983154 (983106983117983081

PENGAKUAN

ldquoKami akui karya ini adalah hasil kerja kami sendiri kecuali nukilan dan ringkasan yang

tiap-tiap satunya telah kami jelaskan sumbernyardquo

Tandatangan

Nama

No Pendaftaran

Tarikh

Tandatangan

Nama

No Pendaftaran

Tarikh

Tandatangan

Nama

No Pendaftaran

Tarikh

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 baris

2 baris

2 baris

2 baris

2 baris

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 918

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983110

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983108983141983140983145983147983137983155983145

DEDICATION

To my beloved mother and father

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1018

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983111

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983120983141983150983143983144983137983154983143983137983137983150

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We are heartily thankful to my supervisor En Ramizi Bin Mohamed whose

encouragement guidance and support from the initial to the final level enabled us to

develop an understanding of the subject

Lastly we offer our regards and blessings to all of those who supported us in

any respect during the completion of the project

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1118

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983112

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983105983138983155983156983154983137983147

ABSTRACT

Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) has many applications in traffic systems

(highway electronic toll collection red light violation enforcement border and customscheckpoints etc) License Plate Recognition is an effective form of AVI systems In

this study a smart and simple algorithm is presented for vehiclersquos license plate

recognition system The proposed algorithm consists of three major parts Extraction of

plate region segmentation of characters and recognition of plate characters For

extracting the plate region edge detection algorithms and smearing algorithms are used

In segmentation part smearing algorithms filtering and some morphological algorithms

are used And finally statistical based template matching is used for recognition of plate

characters The performance of the proposed algorithm has been tested on real images

Based on the experimental results we noted that our algorithm shows superior

performance in car license plate recognition

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1218

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983113

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983115983137983150983140983157983150983143983137983150

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER TITLE PAGE

ENDORSEMENT ii

DECLARATION iii

DEDICATION iv

1 INTRODUCTION

11 Introduction 1

12 Problem Statement 2

13 Objective 3

14 Project Scope 3

2 LITERATURE REVIEW

21 Sub-heading 1 18

22 Sub-heading 2 19

221 Sub-subheading 1 21

REFERENCES 80

APPENDICES 82

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1318

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983114

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983123983141983150983137983154983137983145 983114983137983140983157983137983148

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE TITLE PAGE

21 RFID Frequency Ranges 16

22 Comparison of Various Access Control Method 17

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1418

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983115

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983123983141983150983137983154983137983145 983122983137983146983137983144

LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE TITLE PAGE

21 The RFID Reader and Transponder 22

22 RFID System Components 23

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1518

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983116

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983123983141983150983137983154983137983145 983123983145983150983143983147983137983156983137983150

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

ADODC - ADO Data Control

ID - Identification

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1618

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983117

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983123983141983150983137983154983137983145 983116983137983149983152983145983154983137983150

LIST OF APPENDICES

APPENDIX TITLE PAGE

A Visual Basic Source Code 86

B Data Sheet of PIC16F877 88

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1718

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983118

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983120983141983150983151983149983138983151983154983137983150 983106983137983138 983140983137983150

983123983157983138 983114983157983140983157983148 983108983137983148983137983149 983106983137983138

CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE REVIEW

21 Sub-heading

Text should be started from here and with 15-line spacing The font for number

and title of chapter is Times New Roman and the font size is 12

211 Sub-subheading

Text should be started from here and with 15-line spacing The font for number

and title of chapter is Times New Roman and the font size is 12

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

4 X 15 line spacing

4 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

4 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1818

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983119

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983122983157983146983157983147983137983150

REFERENCES

Baditoi B E (2005) ldquoStudents Placed At-Risk of School Failure In An Era of

Educational Reform Implications for Staff Developmentrdquo Virginia Polytechnic

Institute Tesis PhD

Chua Yan Piaw (2006) ldquoKaedah Dan Statistik Penyelidikanrdquo Kuala Lumpur McGraw

Hill (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd 115

Ramlee Mustapha and Abu Abdullah (2004) ldquoMalaysia Transition Towards a

Knowledge-Based Economyrdquo The Journal of Technologies Studies 3 53-63

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 718

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983109

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983120983141983150983143983137983147983157983137983150 983120983141983148983137983146983137983154 (983106983113983081

DECLARATION

ldquoWe hereby declare that the work in this report is our own except for quotations and

summaries which have been duly acknowledgedrdquo

Signature

Name

Registration Num

Date

Signature

Name

Registration Num

Date

Signature

Name

Registration Num

Date

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 818

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983109

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983120983141983150983143983137983147983157983137983150 983120983141983148983137983146983137983154 (983106983117983081

PENGAKUAN

ldquoKami akui karya ini adalah hasil kerja kami sendiri kecuali nukilan dan ringkasan yang

tiap-tiap satunya telah kami jelaskan sumbernyardquo

Tandatangan

Nama

No Pendaftaran

Tarikh

Tandatangan

Nama

No Pendaftaran

Tarikh

Tandatangan

Nama

No Pendaftaran

Tarikh

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 baris

2 baris

2 baris

2 baris

2 baris

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 918

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983110

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983108983141983140983145983147983137983155983145

DEDICATION

To my beloved mother and father

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1018

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983111

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983120983141983150983143983144983137983154983143983137983137983150

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We are heartily thankful to my supervisor En Ramizi Bin Mohamed whose

encouragement guidance and support from the initial to the final level enabled us to

develop an understanding of the subject

Lastly we offer our regards and blessings to all of those who supported us in

any respect during the completion of the project

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1118

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983112

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983105983138983155983156983154983137983147

ABSTRACT

Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) has many applications in traffic systems

(highway electronic toll collection red light violation enforcement border and customscheckpoints etc) License Plate Recognition is an effective form of AVI systems In

this study a smart and simple algorithm is presented for vehiclersquos license plate

recognition system The proposed algorithm consists of three major parts Extraction of

plate region segmentation of characters and recognition of plate characters For

extracting the plate region edge detection algorithms and smearing algorithms are used

In segmentation part smearing algorithms filtering and some morphological algorithms

are used And finally statistical based template matching is used for recognition of plate

characters The performance of the proposed algorithm has been tested on real images

Based on the experimental results we noted that our algorithm shows superior

performance in car license plate recognition

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1218

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983113

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983115983137983150983140983157983150983143983137983150

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER TITLE PAGE

ENDORSEMENT ii

DECLARATION iii

DEDICATION iv

1 INTRODUCTION

11 Introduction 1

12 Problem Statement 2

13 Objective 3

14 Project Scope 3

2 LITERATURE REVIEW

21 Sub-heading 1 18

22 Sub-heading 2 19

221 Sub-subheading 1 21

REFERENCES 80

APPENDICES 82

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1318

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983114

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983123983141983150983137983154983137983145 983114983137983140983157983137983148

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE TITLE PAGE

21 RFID Frequency Ranges 16

22 Comparison of Various Access Control Method 17

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1418

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983115

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983123983141983150983137983154983137983145 983122983137983146983137983144

LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE TITLE PAGE

21 The RFID Reader and Transponder 22

22 RFID System Components 23

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1518

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983116

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983123983141983150983137983154983137983145 983123983145983150983143983147983137983156983137983150

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

ADODC - ADO Data Control

ID - Identification

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1618

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983117

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983123983141983150983137983154983137983145 983116983137983149983152983145983154983137983150

LIST OF APPENDICES

APPENDIX TITLE PAGE

A Visual Basic Source Code 86

B Data Sheet of PIC16F877 88

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1718

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983118

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983120983141983150983151983149983138983151983154983137983150 983106983137983138 983140983137983150

983123983157983138 983114983157983140983157983148 983108983137983148983137983149 983106983137983138

CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE REVIEW

21 Sub-heading

Text should be started from here and with 15-line spacing The font for number

and title of chapter is Times New Roman and the font size is 12

211 Sub-subheading

Text should be started from here and with 15-line spacing The font for number

and title of chapter is Times New Roman and the font size is 12

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

4 X 15 line spacing

4 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

4 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1818

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983119

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983122983157983146983157983147983137983150

REFERENCES

Baditoi B E (2005) ldquoStudents Placed At-Risk of School Failure In An Era of

Educational Reform Implications for Staff Developmentrdquo Virginia Polytechnic

Institute Tesis PhD

Chua Yan Piaw (2006) ldquoKaedah Dan Statistik Penyelidikanrdquo Kuala Lumpur McGraw

Hill (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd 115

Ramlee Mustapha and Abu Abdullah (2004) ldquoMalaysia Transition Towards a

Knowledge-Based Economyrdquo The Journal of Technologies Studies 3 53-63

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 818

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983109

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983120983141983150983143983137983147983157983137983150 983120983141983148983137983146983137983154 (983106983117983081

PENGAKUAN

ldquoKami akui karya ini adalah hasil kerja kami sendiri kecuali nukilan dan ringkasan yang

tiap-tiap satunya telah kami jelaskan sumbernyardquo

Tandatangan

Nama

No Pendaftaran

Tarikh

Tandatangan

Nama

No Pendaftaran

Tarikh

Tandatangan

Nama

No Pendaftaran

Tarikh

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 baris

2 baris

2 baris

2 baris

2 baris

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 918

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983110

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983108983141983140983145983147983137983155983145

DEDICATION

To my beloved mother and father

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1018

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983111

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983120983141983150983143983144983137983154983143983137983137983150

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We are heartily thankful to my supervisor En Ramizi Bin Mohamed whose

encouragement guidance and support from the initial to the final level enabled us to

develop an understanding of the subject

Lastly we offer our regards and blessings to all of those who supported us in

any respect during the completion of the project

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1118

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983112

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983105983138983155983156983154983137983147

ABSTRACT

Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) has many applications in traffic systems

(highway electronic toll collection red light violation enforcement border and customscheckpoints etc) License Plate Recognition is an effective form of AVI systems In

this study a smart and simple algorithm is presented for vehiclersquos license plate

recognition system The proposed algorithm consists of three major parts Extraction of

plate region segmentation of characters and recognition of plate characters For

extracting the plate region edge detection algorithms and smearing algorithms are used

In segmentation part smearing algorithms filtering and some morphological algorithms

are used And finally statistical based template matching is used for recognition of plate

characters The performance of the proposed algorithm has been tested on real images

Based on the experimental results we noted that our algorithm shows superior

performance in car license plate recognition

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1218

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983113

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983115983137983150983140983157983150983143983137983150

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER TITLE PAGE

ENDORSEMENT ii

DECLARATION iii

DEDICATION iv

1 INTRODUCTION

11 Introduction 1

12 Problem Statement 2

13 Objective 3

14 Project Scope 3

2 LITERATURE REVIEW

21 Sub-heading 1 18

22 Sub-heading 2 19

221 Sub-subheading 1 21

REFERENCES 80

APPENDICES 82

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1318

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983114

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983123983141983150983137983154983137983145 983114983137983140983157983137983148

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE TITLE PAGE

21 RFID Frequency Ranges 16

22 Comparison of Various Access Control Method 17

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1418

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983115

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983123983141983150983137983154983137983145 983122983137983146983137983144

LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE TITLE PAGE

21 The RFID Reader and Transponder 22

22 RFID System Components 23

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1518

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983116

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983123983141983150983137983154983137983145 983123983145983150983143983147983137983156983137983150

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

ADODC - ADO Data Control

ID - Identification

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1618

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983117

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983123983141983150983137983154983137983145 983116983137983149983152983145983154983137983150

LIST OF APPENDICES

APPENDIX TITLE PAGE

A Visual Basic Source Code 86

B Data Sheet of PIC16F877 88

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1718

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983118

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983120983141983150983151983149983138983151983154983137983150 983106983137983138 983140983137983150

983123983157983138 983114983157983140983157983148 983108983137983148983137983149 983106983137983138

CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE REVIEW

21 Sub-heading

Text should be started from here and with 15-line spacing The font for number

and title of chapter is Times New Roman and the font size is 12

211 Sub-subheading

Text should be started from here and with 15-line spacing The font for number

and title of chapter is Times New Roman and the font size is 12

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

4 X 15 line spacing

4 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

4 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1818

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983119

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983122983157983146983157983147983137983150

REFERENCES

Baditoi B E (2005) ldquoStudents Placed At-Risk of School Failure In An Era of

Educational Reform Implications for Staff Developmentrdquo Virginia Polytechnic

Institute Tesis PhD

Chua Yan Piaw (2006) ldquoKaedah Dan Statistik Penyelidikanrdquo Kuala Lumpur McGraw

Hill (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd 115

Ramlee Mustapha and Abu Abdullah (2004) ldquoMalaysia Transition Towards a

Knowledge-Based Economyrdquo The Journal of Technologies Studies 3 53-63

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 918

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983110

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983108983141983140983145983147983137983155983145

DEDICATION

To my beloved mother and father

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1018

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983111

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983120983141983150983143983144983137983154983143983137983137983150

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We are heartily thankful to my supervisor En Ramizi Bin Mohamed whose

encouragement guidance and support from the initial to the final level enabled us to

develop an understanding of the subject

Lastly we offer our regards and blessings to all of those who supported us in

any respect during the completion of the project

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1118

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983112

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983105983138983155983156983154983137983147

ABSTRACT

Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) has many applications in traffic systems

(highway electronic toll collection red light violation enforcement border and customscheckpoints etc) License Plate Recognition is an effective form of AVI systems In

this study a smart and simple algorithm is presented for vehiclersquos license plate

recognition system The proposed algorithm consists of three major parts Extraction of

plate region segmentation of characters and recognition of plate characters For

extracting the plate region edge detection algorithms and smearing algorithms are used

In segmentation part smearing algorithms filtering and some morphological algorithms

are used And finally statistical based template matching is used for recognition of plate

characters The performance of the proposed algorithm has been tested on real images

Based on the experimental results we noted that our algorithm shows superior

performance in car license plate recognition

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1218

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983113

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983115983137983150983140983157983150983143983137983150

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER TITLE PAGE

ENDORSEMENT ii

DECLARATION iii

DEDICATION iv

1 INTRODUCTION

11 Introduction 1

12 Problem Statement 2

13 Objective 3

14 Project Scope 3

2 LITERATURE REVIEW

21 Sub-heading 1 18

22 Sub-heading 2 19

221 Sub-subheading 1 21

REFERENCES 80

APPENDICES 82

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1318

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983114

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983123983141983150983137983154983137983145 983114983137983140983157983137983148

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE TITLE PAGE

21 RFID Frequency Ranges 16

22 Comparison of Various Access Control Method 17

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1418

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983115

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983123983141983150983137983154983137983145 983122983137983146983137983144

LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE TITLE PAGE

21 The RFID Reader and Transponder 22

22 RFID System Components 23

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1518

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983116

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983123983141983150983137983154983137983145 983123983145983150983143983147983137983156983137983150

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

ADODC - ADO Data Control

ID - Identification

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1618

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983117

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983123983141983150983137983154983137983145 983116983137983149983152983145983154983137983150

LIST OF APPENDICES

APPENDIX TITLE PAGE

A Visual Basic Source Code 86

B Data Sheet of PIC16F877 88

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1718

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983118

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983120983141983150983151983149983138983151983154983137983150 983106983137983138 983140983137983150

983123983157983138 983114983157983140983157983148 983108983137983148983137983149 983106983137983138

CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE REVIEW

21 Sub-heading

Text should be started from here and with 15-line spacing The font for number

and title of chapter is Times New Roman and the font size is 12

211 Sub-subheading

Text should be started from here and with 15-line spacing The font for number

and title of chapter is Times New Roman and the font size is 12

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

4 X 15 line spacing

4 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

4 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1818

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983119

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983122983157983146983157983147983137983150

REFERENCES

Baditoi B E (2005) ldquoStudents Placed At-Risk of School Failure In An Era of

Educational Reform Implications for Staff Developmentrdquo Virginia Polytechnic

Institute Tesis PhD

Chua Yan Piaw (2006) ldquoKaedah Dan Statistik Penyelidikanrdquo Kuala Lumpur McGraw

Hill (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd 115

Ramlee Mustapha and Abu Abdullah (2004) ldquoMalaysia Transition Towards a

Knowledge-Based Economyrdquo The Journal of Technologies Studies 3 53-63

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1018

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983111

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983120983141983150983143983144983137983154983143983137983137983150

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We are heartily thankful to my supervisor En Ramizi Bin Mohamed whose

encouragement guidance and support from the initial to the final level enabled us to

develop an understanding of the subject

Lastly we offer our regards and blessings to all of those who supported us in

any respect during the completion of the project

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1118

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983112

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983105983138983155983156983154983137983147

ABSTRACT

Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) has many applications in traffic systems

(highway electronic toll collection red light violation enforcement border and customscheckpoints etc) License Plate Recognition is an effective form of AVI systems In

this study a smart and simple algorithm is presented for vehiclersquos license plate

recognition system The proposed algorithm consists of three major parts Extraction of

plate region segmentation of characters and recognition of plate characters For

extracting the plate region edge detection algorithms and smearing algorithms are used

In segmentation part smearing algorithms filtering and some morphological algorithms

are used And finally statistical based template matching is used for recognition of plate

characters The performance of the proposed algorithm has been tested on real images

Based on the experimental results we noted that our algorithm shows superior

performance in car license plate recognition

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1218

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983113

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983115983137983150983140983157983150983143983137983150

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER TITLE PAGE

ENDORSEMENT ii

DECLARATION iii

DEDICATION iv

1 INTRODUCTION

11 Introduction 1

12 Problem Statement 2

13 Objective 3

14 Project Scope 3

2 LITERATURE REVIEW

21 Sub-heading 1 18

22 Sub-heading 2 19

221 Sub-subheading 1 21

REFERENCES 80

APPENDICES 82

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1318

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983114

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983123983141983150983137983154983137983145 983114983137983140983157983137983148

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE TITLE PAGE

21 RFID Frequency Ranges 16

22 Comparison of Various Access Control Method 17

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1418

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983115

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983123983141983150983137983154983137983145 983122983137983146983137983144

LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE TITLE PAGE

21 The RFID Reader and Transponder 22

22 RFID System Components 23

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1518

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983116

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983123983141983150983137983154983137983145 983123983145983150983143983147983137983156983137983150

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

ADODC - ADO Data Control

ID - Identification

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1618

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983117

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983123983141983150983137983154983137983145 983116983137983149983152983145983154983137983150

LIST OF APPENDICES

APPENDIX TITLE PAGE

A Visual Basic Source Code 86

B Data Sheet of PIC16F877 88

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1718

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983118

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983120983141983150983151983149983138983151983154983137983150 983106983137983138 983140983137983150

983123983157983138 983114983157983140983157983148 983108983137983148983137983149 983106983137983138

CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE REVIEW

21 Sub-heading

Text should be started from here and with 15-line spacing The font for number

and title of chapter is Times New Roman and the font size is 12

211 Sub-subheading

Text should be started from here and with 15-line spacing The font for number

and title of chapter is Times New Roman and the font size is 12

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

4 X 15 line spacing

4 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

4 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1818

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983119

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983122983157983146983157983147983137983150

REFERENCES

Baditoi B E (2005) ldquoStudents Placed At-Risk of School Failure In An Era of

Educational Reform Implications for Staff Developmentrdquo Virginia Polytechnic

Institute Tesis PhD

Chua Yan Piaw (2006) ldquoKaedah Dan Statistik Penyelidikanrdquo Kuala Lumpur McGraw

Hill (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd 115

Ramlee Mustapha and Abu Abdullah (2004) ldquoMalaysia Transition Towards a

Knowledge-Based Economyrdquo The Journal of Technologies Studies 3 53-63

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1118

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983112

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983105983138983155983156983154983137983147

ABSTRACT

Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) has many applications in traffic systems

(highway electronic toll collection red light violation enforcement border and customscheckpoints etc) License Plate Recognition is an effective form of AVI systems In

this study a smart and simple algorithm is presented for vehiclersquos license plate

recognition system The proposed algorithm consists of three major parts Extraction of

plate region segmentation of characters and recognition of plate characters For

extracting the plate region edge detection algorithms and smearing algorithms are used

In segmentation part smearing algorithms filtering and some morphological algorithms

are used And finally statistical based template matching is used for recognition of plate

characters The performance of the proposed algorithm has been tested on real images

Based on the experimental results we noted that our algorithm shows superior

performance in car license plate recognition

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1218

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983113

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983115983137983150983140983157983150983143983137983150

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER TITLE PAGE

ENDORSEMENT ii

DECLARATION iii

DEDICATION iv

1 INTRODUCTION

11 Introduction 1

12 Problem Statement 2

13 Objective 3

14 Project Scope 3

2 LITERATURE REVIEW

21 Sub-heading 1 18

22 Sub-heading 2 19

221 Sub-subheading 1 21

REFERENCES 80

APPENDICES 82

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1318

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983114

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983123983141983150983137983154983137983145 983114983137983140983157983137983148

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE TITLE PAGE

21 RFID Frequency Ranges 16

22 Comparison of Various Access Control Method 17

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1418

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983115

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983123983141983150983137983154983137983145 983122983137983146983137983144

LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE TITLE PAGE

21 The RFID Reader and Transponder 22

22 RFID System Components 23

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1518

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983116

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983123983141983150983137983154983137983145 983123983145983150983143983147983137983156983137983150

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

ADODC - ADO Data Control

ID - Identification

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1618

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983117

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983123983141983150983137983154983137983145 983116983137983149983152983145983154983137983150

LIST OF APPENDICES

APPENDIX TITLE PAGE

A Visual Basic Source Code 86

B Data Sheet of PIC16F877 88

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1718

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983118

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983120983141983150983151983149983138983151983154983137983150 983106983137983138 983140983137983150

983123983157983138 983114983157983140983157983148 983108983137983148983137983149 983106983137983138

CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE REVIEW

21 Sub-heading

Text should be started from here and with 15-line spacing The font for number

and title of chapter is Times New Roman and the font size is 12

211 Sub-subheading

Text should be started from here and with 15-line spacing The font for number

and title of chapter is Times New Roman and the font size is 12

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

4 X 15 line spacing

4 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

4 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1818

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983119

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983122983157983146983157983147983137983150

REFERENCES

Baditoi B E (2005) ldquoStudents Placed At-Risk of School Failure In An Era of

Educational Reform Implications for Staff Developmentrdquo Virginia Polytechnic

Institute Tesis PhD

Chua Yan Piaw (2006) ldquoKaedah Dan Statistik Penyelidikanrdquo Kuala Lumpur McGraw

Hill (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd 115

Ramlee Mustapha and Abu Abdullah (2004) ldquoMalaysia Transition Towards a

Knowledge-Based Economyrdquo The Journal of Technologies Studies 3 53-63

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1218

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983113

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983115983137983150983140983157983150983143983137983150

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER TITLE PAGE

ENDORSEMENT ii

DECLARATION iii

DEDICATION iv

1 INTRODUCTION

11 Introduction 1

12 Problem Statement 2

13 Objective 3

14 Project Scope 3

2 LITERATURE REVIEW

21 Sub-heading 1 18

22 Sub-heading 2 19

221 Sub-subheading 1 21

REFERENCES 80

APPENDICES 82

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1318

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983114

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983123983141983150983137983154983137983145 983114983137983140983157983137983148

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE TITLE PAGE

21 RFID Frequency Ranges 16

22 Comparison of Various Access Control Method 17

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1418

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983115

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983123983141983150983137983154983137983145 983122983137983146983137983144

LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE TITLE PAGE

21 The RFID Reader and Transponder 22

22 RFID System Components 23

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1518

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983116

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983123983141983150983137983154983137983145 983123983145983150983143983147983137983156983137983150

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

ADODC - ADO Data Control

ID - Identification

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1618

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983117

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983123983141983150983137983154983137983145 983116983137983149983152983145983154983137983150

LIST OF APPENDICES

APPENDIX TITLE PAGE

A Visual Basic Source Code 86

B Data Sheet of PIC16F877 88

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1718

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983118

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983120983141983150983151983149983138983151983154983137983150 983106983137983138 983140983137983150

983123983157983138 983114983157983140983157983148 983108983137983148983137983149 983106983137983138

CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE REVIEW

21 Sub-heading

Text should be started from here and with 15-line spacing The font for number

and title of chapter is Times New Roman and the font size is 12

211 Sub-subheading

Text should be started from here and with 15-line spacing The font for number

and title of chapter is Times New Roman and the font size is 12

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

4 X 15 line spacing

4 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

4 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1818

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983119

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983122983157983146983157983147983137983150

REFERENCES

Baditoi B E (2005) ldquoStudents Placed At-Risk of School Failure In An Era of

Educational Reform Implications for Staff Developmentrdquo Virginia Polytechnic

Institute Tesis PhD

Chua Yan Piaw (2006) ldquoKaedah Dan Statistik Penyelidikanrdquo Kuala Lumpur McGraw

Hill (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd 115

Ramlee Mustapha and Abu Abdullah (2004) ldquoMalaysia Transition Towards a

Knowledge-Based Economyrdquo The Journal of Technologies Studies 3 53-63

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1318

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983114

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983123983141983150983137983154983137983145 983114983137983140983157983137983148

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE TITLE PAGE

21 RFID Frequency Ranges 16

22 Comparison of Various Access Control Method 17

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1418

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983115

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983123983141983150983137983154983137983145 983122983137983146983137983144

LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE TITLE PAGE

21 The RFID Reader and Transponder 22

22 RFID System Components 23

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1518

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983116

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983123983141983150983137983154983137983145 983123983145983150983143983147983137983156983137983150

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

ADODC - ADO Data Control

ID - Identification

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1618

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983117

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983123983141983150983137983154983137983145 983116983137983149983152983145983154983137983150

LIST OF APPENDICES

APPENDIX TITLE PAGE

A Visual Basic Source Code 86

B Data Sheet of PIC16F877 88

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1718

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983118

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983120983141983150983151983149983138983151983154983137983150 983106983137983138 983140983137983150

983123983157983138 983114983157983140983157983148 983108983137983148983137983149 983106983137983138

CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE REVIEW

21 Sub-heading

Text should be started from here and with 15-line spacing The font for number

and title of chapter is Times New Roman and the font size is 12

211 Sub-subheading

Text should be started from here and with 15-line spacing The font for number

and title of chapter is Times New Roman and the font size is 12

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

4 X 15 line spacing

4 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

4 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1818

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983119

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983122983157983146983157983147983137983150

REFERENCES

Baditoi B E (2005) ldquoStudents Placed At-Risk of School Failure In An Era of

Educational Reform Implications for Staff Developmentrdquo Virginia Polytechnic

Institute Tesis PhD

Chua Yan Piaw (2006) ldquoKaedah Dan Statistik Penyelidikanrdquo Kuala Lumpur McGraw

Hill (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd 115

Ramlee Mustapha and Abu Abdullah (2004) ldquoMalaysia Transition Towards a

Knowledge-Based Economyrdquo The Journal of Technologies Studies 3 53-63

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1418

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983115

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983123983141983150983137983154983137983145 983122983137983146983137983144

LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE TITLE PAGE

21 The RFID Reader and Transponder 22

22 RFID System Components 23

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1518

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983116

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983123983141983150983137983154983137983145 983123983145983150983143983147983137983156983137983150

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

ADODC - ADO Data Control

ID - Identification

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1618

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983117

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983123983141983150983137983154983137983145 983116983137983149983152983145983154983137983150

LIST OF APPENDICES

APPENDIX TITLE PAGE

A Visual Basic Source Code 86

B Data Sheet of PIC16F877 88

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1718

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983118

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983120983141983150983151983149983138983151983154983137983150 983106983137983138 983140983137983150

983123983157983138 983114983157983140983157983148 983108983137983148983137983149 983106983137983138

CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE REVIEW

21 Sub-heading

Text should be started from here and with 15-line spacing The font for number

and title of chapter is Times New Roman and the font size is 12

211 Sub-subheading

Text should be started from here and with 15-line spacing The font for number

and title of chapter is Times New Roman and the font size is 12

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

4 X 15 line spacing

4 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

4 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1818

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983119

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983122983157983146983157983147983137983150

REFERENCES

Baditoi B E (2005) ldquoStudents Placed At-Risk of School Failure In An Era of

Educational Reform Implications for Staff Developmentrdquo Virginia Polytechnic

Institute Tesis PhD

Chua Yan Piaw (2006) ldquoKaedah Dan Statistik Penyelidikanrdquo Kuala Lumpur McGraw

Hill (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd 115

Ramlee Mustapha and Abu Abdullah (2004) ldquoMalaysia Transition Towards a

Knowledge-Based Economyrdquo The Journal of Technologies Studies 3 53-63

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1518

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983116

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983123983141983150983137983154983137983145 983123983145983150983143983147983137983156983137983150

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

ADODC - ADO Data Control

ID - Identification

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1618

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983117

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983123983141983150983137983154983137983145 983116983137983149983152983145983154983137983150

LIST OF APPENDICES

APPENDIX TITLE PAGE

A Visual Basic Source Code 86

B Data Sheet of PIC16F877 88

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1718

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983118

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983120983141983150983151983149983138983151983154983137983150 983106983137983138 983140983137983150

983123983157983138 983114983157983140983157983148 983108983137983148983137983149 983106983137983138

CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE REVIEW

21 Sub-heading

Text should be started from here and with 15-line spacing The font for number

and title of chapter is Times New Roman and the font size is 12

211 Sub-subheading

Text should be started from here and with 15-line spacing The font for number

and title of chapter is Times New Roman and the font size is 12

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

4 X 15 line spacing

4 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

4 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1818

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983119

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983122983157983146983157983147983137983150

REFERENCES

Baditoi B E (2005) ldquoStudents Placed At-Risk of School Failure In An Era of

Educational Reform Implications for Staff Developmentrdquo Virginia Polytechnic

Institute Tesis PhD

Chua Yan Piaw (2006) ldquoKaedah Dan Statistik Penyelidikanrdquo Kuala Lumpur McGraw

Hill (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd 115

Ramlee Mustapha and Abu Abdullah (2004) ldquoMalaysia Transition Towards a

Knowledge-Based Economyrdquo The Journal of Technologies Studies 3 53-63

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1618

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983117

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983123983141983150983137983154983137983145 983116983137983149983152983145983154983137983150

LIST OF APPENDICES

APPENDIX TITLE PAGE

A Visual Basic Source Code 86

B Data Sheet of PIC16F877 88

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1718

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983118

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983120983141983150983151983149983138983151983154983137983150 983106983137983138 983140983137983150

983123983157983138 983114983157983140983157983148 983108983137983148983137983149 983106983137983138

CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE REVIEW

21 Sub-heading

Text should be started from here and with 15-line spacing The font for number

and title of chapter is Times New Roman and the font size is 12

211 Sub-subheading

Text should be started from here and with 15-line spacing The font for number

and title of chapter is Times New Roman and the font size is 12

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

4 X 15 line spacing

4 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

4 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1818

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983119

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983122983157983146983157983147983137983150

REFERENCES

Baditoi B E (2005) ldquoStudents Placed At-Risk of School Failure In An Era of

Educational Reform Implications for Staff Developmentrdquo Virginia Polytechnic

Institute Tesis PhD

Chua Yan Piaw (2006) ldquoKaedah Dan Statistik Penyelidikanrdquo Kuala Lumpur McGraw

Hill (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd 115

Ramlee Mustapha and Abu Abdullah (2004) ldquoMalaysia Transition Towards a

Knowledge-Based Economyrdquo The Journal of Technologies Studies 3 53-63

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1718

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983118

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983120983141983150983151983149983138983151983154983137983150 983106983137983138 983140983137983150

983123983157983138 983114983157983140983157983148 983108983137983148983137983149 983106983137983138

CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE REVIEW

21 Sub-heading

Text should be started from here and with 15-line spacing The font for number

and title of chapter is Times New Roman and the font size is 12

211 Sub-subheading

Text should be started from here and with 15-line spacing The font for number

and title of chapter is Times New Roman and the font size is 12

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

4 X 15 line spacing

4 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

4 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1818

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983119

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983122983157983146983157983147983137983150

REFERENCES

Baditoi B E (2005) ldquoStudents Placed At-Risk of School Failure In An Era of

Educational Reform Implications for Staff Developmentrdquo Virginia Polytechnic

Institute Tesis PhD

Chua Yan Piaw (2006) ldquoKaedah Dan Statistik Penyelidikanrdquo Kuala Lumpur McGraw

Hill (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd 115

Ramlee Mustapha and Abu Abdullah (2004) ldquoMalaysia Transition Towards a

Knowledge-Based Economyrdquo The Journal of Technologies Studies 3 53-63

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing

7262019 Lampiran-Standard Laporan Projek Akhir[1]

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulllampiran-standard-laporan-projek-akhir1 1818

983116983105983117983120983113983122983105983118 983119

983107983151983150983156983151983144 983112983137983148983137983149983137983150 983122983157983146983157983147983137983150

REFERENCES

Baditoi B E (2005) ldquoStudents Placed At-Risk of School Failure In An Era of

Educational Reform Implications for Staff Developmentrdquo Virginia Polytechnic

Institute Tesis PhD

Chua Yan Piaw (2006) ldquoKaedah Dan Statistik Penyelidikanrdquo Kuala Lumpur McGraw

Hill (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd 115

Ramlee Mustapha and Abu Abdullah (2004) ldquoMalaysia Transition Towards a

Knowledge-Based Economyrdquo The Journal of Technologies Studies 3 53-63

25cm

40cm

25cm

25cm

2 X 15 line spacing

2 X 15 line spacing