DAFTAR GAMBARGambar Halaman

1.1Peta Regional PT. Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk, UPTE................................5

1.2Foto Udara Lokasi Pertambangan Tanjung Enim......................................6

1.3Stratigrafi...................................................................................................13

1.4Tahap Penyusunan Laporan Kerja Praktek...............................................25

2.1Pengaruh Arah Lubang Tembak................................................................37

2.2Sketsa pola pengeboran pada tambang terbuka.........................................39

2.3Pola Peledakan Corner Cut (Echelon).......................................................42

2.4Pola Peledakan V-Cut.................................................................................42

2.5Pola Peledakan Box Cut.............................................................................43

2.6Geometri Peledakan...................................................................................48

2.7Kalkulator Scaled Distance........................................................................49

2.8Blasting Machine.......................................................................................53

2.9Blasting Ohmmeter....................................................................................53

2.10Lead Wire...................................................................................................54

2.11Stick (Tongkat)..........................................................................................54

2.12Cangkul......................................................................................................55

2.13Detonator listrik.........................................................................................56

2.14Surface Detonator......................................................................................57

2.15Leg Wire....................................................................................................57

2.16Ammonium Nitrat......................................................................................58

2.17Daya Gel....................................................................................................58

2.18Plastik Linear.............................................................................................59

2.19Distribusi Energi Bahan Peledak...............................................................62

2.20Proses Pecahnya Batuan Akibat Peledakan...............................................64

2.21Contoh Rekaman Getaran Tanah Pada Arah.............................................69

2.22Blastmate III..............................................................................................70

2.23Variasi Pergerakan Partikel Karena Bentuk Gelombang Getaran (Dowding 1985).........................................................................................71

2.24Cara Monitor Getaran Oleh BlasmateIII....................................................72

2.25Mekanisme Pengukuran Getaran Dan Kebisingan....................................72

2.26Lintasan Tempuh Gelombang....................................................................77

2.27Grafik Baku Tingkat Getaran Peledakan Pada Tambang Terbuka Terhadap Bangunan...................................................................................84

2.28Pembersihan Drill Area..............................................................................85

2.29Mesin Bor Sandvik D245S........................................................................86

2.30Kode Lubang Bor.......................................................................................86

2.31Design Peledakan.......................................................................................87

2.32Pemasangan Danger Tag...........................................................................88

2.33Pengambilan Handak.................................................................................89

2.34Hauling Handak Ke Lokasi.......................................................................89

2.35Charging.....................................................................................................91

2.36Tie up.........................................................................................................92

2.37Evakuasi Dan Blocker Area.......................................................................92

2.38Penarikan Leadwire...................................................................................93

2.39Blasting......................................................................................................94

2.40Lokasi Pengukuran Getaran.......................................................................95

2.41Daerah Peledakan......................................................................................96

2.42Pemukiman/Perkantoran............................................................................96

2.43Pola Pemboran Staggered Pattern.............................................................97

2.44Jarak Pemukiman Bedeng Obak................................................................100

2.45Square Root Scaled Distance.....................................................................101