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8/10/2019 Bab 2-Perisian Komputer1

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BBP 10102:TOPIK 2TEKNOLOGI

MAKLUMAT DALAMPENDIDIKAN

DR AZITA BINTI ALI

FACULTY OF TECHNICAL AND VOCATIONALEDUCATION

UTHM


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Software Categories

Chapter 3: Software 2

Software is categorized in two main categories:

Application software

Designed to help people accomplish real-world tasks

System softwareDesigned for computer-centric tasks


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PERISIAN SISTEM

Program yang membantu komputer mengawal danmengurus operasi komputer dan perkakasannya

Menjadi perantara untuk pengguna, aturcaraaplikasi dan perkakasan berinteraksi

Dibangunkan dengan bahasa pengaturcaraan


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Sistem pengoperasian

Memantau dan mengawal semua aktivitipemprosesan di dalam komputer

Satu aturcara komputer yang paling kompleksdan amat penting pada komputer

Membolehkan komputer menjalankan lebih daristu tugas serentak.

Menyedikan kemudahan untuk penggunaberkomunikasi dengan komputer dan bertindak

sebagai landasan untuk menjalankan perisianaplikasi


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Contoh OS yang popular:

o Windowso Windows NT

o UNIX dan LINUX

o Mac OS x


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Fungsi Sistem

pengoperasian1. Menyediakan antara muka kepadapengguna untuk menggunakan komputer

Terdapat 2 jenis antaramuka:

-antaramuka baris-perintah

- antara muka grafik


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Antaramuka baris perintah
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/67/Linux-cluttered-desktop.jpg


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Cth: c:\>copy c:\myfile a:\yourfile

Baris perintah mengarahkan komputer

untuk menyalin satu fail dari satu cakera

keras C ke cakera liut A.

Baris perintah ini juga menunjukkan

bahawa anda perlu memberitahu komputr

di mana untuk cari fail MYFILE dan kemana salinan perlu dibuat.


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Komponen dalam GUI

Ikon

Kotak dialog

Menu

Contoh perisian Macintosh

windows


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Antaramuka grafik


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Perisian Aplikasi

Merupakan perisian aplikasi yang telah dibina untuk

membantu pengguna menjalankan pelbagai tugas

dalam bidang seperti menaip, mengira, melukis.

Terbahagi kepada dua:Perisian asas- meningkatkan produktiviti

pengguna

Perisian termaju-memerlukan kepakaran

menggunakannya

13


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Contoh Perisian Aplikasi

Perisian Aplikasi Kegunaan ContohPemprosesan Perkataan

(Word Processing)

Menulis surat,

dokumen

Word, Word Perfect,

Wordstar, Ami Pro

Hamparan Elektronik

(Electronic Spreadsheet)

Pengiraan Lotus, Excel, Quattro

Pro

Pangkalan Data (Data base) Menyusun data dan

maklumat

Access, dBase,

Approach

Persembahan (Presentation) Membuat persembahan Powerpoint

Grafik (Graphic) Lukisan Coreldraw

Penerbitan Meja(Desktop Publishing)

Penerbitan akhbar,majalah dan buku

Pagemaker,Publisher

Reka bentuk Berbantukan

Komputer (Computer

Added Design-CAD)

Lukisan Kejuruteraan Auto CAD


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Music Software

Offers many ways to work with music, sound effects, andnarration from your desktop, notebook, or handheld

computer iTunes

Audio editing software



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Video Software

Provides a set of tools for creating video productions from

raw footage

Consumer-level video editing software

Windows Live Movie Maker

Apple iMovie

DVD authoring software



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Graphics Software

Designed to help you

create, manipulate, and

print graphics

Paint software

Photo editing software Drawing software

3-D graphics software

CAD software



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Mapping and Location-Based

Software



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Business and Number

Crunching Software Vertical market software is designed to automate specialized

tasks in a specific market or business

Horizontal market software is generic software that just

about any kind of business can use

Payroll software

Accounting software

Project management software



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Business and Number

Crunching Software Provides a structured environment dedicated to a particular

number crunching task

Statistical software

Mathematical modeling software



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Desktop Publishing Software


CLICK TO START
http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_6/media/a0312.exehttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_6/media/a0312.exe


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Personal Finance Software



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Utility Software

Adaptive utilities alter a devices user interface to create anaccessible environment by providing closed captions, text-to-

speech, speech-to-text, or large screen text

System utilities that can track down and fix disk errors, repair

corrupted files, and give your device a performance-enhancing tune-up



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5 aturcara utiliti yang penting ialah:

Mengesan ralatAntivirus

Menghapuskan fail atau aplikasi

Membuat salinan sekirannya fail hilang &rosak

Memampatkan fail

Ada utiliti yang berbentuk windows &

himpunanseperti:

McAfee & Norton System Work


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Device Drivers



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Section B: Office Suites

Office Suite Basics

Word Processing

Spreadsheets

Databases

Presentations



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Word Processing



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Word Processing

Word processing features include: Word wrap

Search and Replace

Thesaurus

Grammar checker Readability formula

Spelling checker

Spelling dictionary



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Word Processing


CLICK TO START


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Word Processing


CLICK TO START


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Spreadsheets

A spreadsheet uses rows andcolumns of numbers to create

a model or representation of

a real solution

Spreadsheet software, suchas Microsoft Excel, iWork

Numbers, Google Docs

Spreadsheets, or LibreOffice

Calc, provides tools to createelectronic spreadsheets


CLICK TO START


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Spreadsheets

A formula tells the computer how to use thecontents of cells in calculations

Cell references

Relative reference

Absolute reference

Mathematical operators

Functions

Automatic recalculations


CLICK TO START


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Spreadsheets



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Spreadsheets


CLICK TO START


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Databases

A database is a collection of data Database software helps you enter, find, organize, update, and

report information stored in a database



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Databases

A query language such as SQL (Structured QueryLanguage) provides a set of commands for locating and

manipulating data

Natural language query

Keyword search Query by example



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Presentations

Presentation software supplies the tools for combining text,photos, clip art, graphs, animations, and sound into a series

of electronic slides that can be shown on a computer screen

or projector


CLICK TO START


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Web Apps



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Mobile Apps



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Local Applications


CLICK TO START


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Local Applications



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Local Applications



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Portable Software


CLICK TO START


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Software Upgrades

and Updates Periodically, software publishers replace older versions of a

software product with a new version thats sometimes

referred to as a software upgrade

A software update is a small section of program code that

replaces part of the software you currently have installed Service packs


S f


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Software Upgrades

and Updates Updates are usually available online for registered software

Automatic Update option

Always install updates and service packs when they become

available

Many software publishers require users to type in a

validation code to complete an upgrade


CLICK TO START


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Uninstalling Software

Uninstall routines delete the softwares files from thevarious folders on your computers hard disk


CLICK TO START

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Software Copyrights

and LicensesA copyright is a form of legal protection that grants the

author of an original work exclusive rights

Copyright notice

Software licenses, also called license agreements, define

the ways in which you may use a computer program


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Software Copyrights

and Licenses


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Software Copyrights

and Licenses


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Software Copyrights

and Licenses Freeware is copyrighted software that is available for free

Product activation is a means of protecting software from

illegal copying by requiring users to enter a product key or

activation code before the software can be used

A hash value is a unique number derived from encoding one or moredata sets, such as names, serial numbers, and validation codes



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Security Software Basics

Security software is designed to protect computers fromvarious forms of destructive software and unauthorized

intrusions

The terms malicious software and malware refer to any

computer program designed to surreptitiously enter acomputer, gain unauthorized access to data, or disrupt

normal processing operations



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Computer virus

Computer worm

Mass-mailing worm

Trojan horse

Remote Access Trojan (RAT)

Bot

Spider

Botnet

Spyware



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Antivirus Modules

Most experts recommend thatyou configure your antivirussoftware to periodically scanall the files on your computer

If, during the scanningprocess, your virus protectionsoftware identifies a virus,worm, Trojan horse, or bot in afile or attachment, it can try toremove the infection, put thefile into quarantine, or simplydelete the file

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