taklimat sukatan pelajaran peperiksaan stpm baharu...
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This syllabus aims to enhance knowledge and understanding of chemistry. It also enables them to advance their studies at institution of higher learning and assists them to pursue a chemistry-
related career.
It will also promote awareness of the roles of chemistry in the understanding of nature and the universe
AIMS
OBJECTIVESThe objectives of this syllabus are to enable
the candidates to:(a)
understand facts, terminologies and principles of chemistry;
(b) interpret phenomena by using models, laws and chemical principles;
(c) interpret and apply scientific information presented in various forms;
(d) solve problems related to chemistry
(e) analyse, synthesise
and evaluate
information and ideas logically and critically;
(f) plan, carry out experiments, draw inferences and make deductions;
(g) use scientific equipment properly and safely;
(h) develop positive attitudes and values towards the environment;
(i) acquire generic skills.
SUBJECT: 962 CHEMISTRYCONTENTS
FIRST TERM : PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY1
Atom, Molecules and Stoichiometry1.1
Fundamentals particles of an atom
1.2 Relative atomic, isotopic, molecular and formula
masses1.3
The mole and the Avogadro constant
2
Electronic Structure of Atoms 2.1
Electronic energy levels of atomic hydrogen
2.2 Atomic orbitals: s, p and d
2.3 Electronic configuration
2.4 Classification of elements into s, p, d and f blocks
in
the
Periodic
Table
CONT.
3
Chemical Bonding3.1
Ionic bonding
3.2 Covalent bonding
3.3 Metallic bonding
3.4 Intermolecular forces: van der
Waals
forces and
hydrogen bonding
4
States of Matter4.1
Gases
4.2 Liquids
4.3 Solids
4.4 Phase diagrams
CONT.
5
Reaction Kinetics 5.1
Rate of reaction
5.2
Rate law5.3
The effect of temperature on reaction kinetics
5.4
The role of catalysts in reactions5.5
Order of reactions and rate constants
6
Equilibria6.1
Chemical equilibria
6.2
Ionic equilibria6.3
Chemical equilibria
6.4
Phase equilibria
SECOND TERM: PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY AND INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
7
Chemical Energetics7.1
Enthalpy changes of reaction, ΔH
7.2
Hess’
law7.3
Born-Haber
cycle
7.4
The solubility of solids in liquids
8
Electrochemistry 8.1
Half-cell and redox
equations
8.2
Standard electrode potential 8.3
Non-standard cell potentials
8.4
Fuel cells8.5
Electrolysis
8.6
Application of electrochemistry
CONT.
9
Periodic Table: Periodicity 9.1
Physical properties of elements of Period 2 and
Period 3 9.2
Reactions of Period 3 elements with oxygen and
water 9.3
Acidic and basic properties of oxides and
hydrolysis of oxides
10 Group 210.1
Selected Group 2 elements and their compounds
10.2
Anomalous behaviour
of beryllium 10.3
Uses of Group 2 compounds
CONT.
11
Group 14 11.1
Physical properties of Group 14 elements
11.2
Tetrachlorides
and oxides of Group14 elements 11.3
Relative stability of +2 and +4 oxidation
states of Group 14 elements11.4
Silicon, silicone and silicates
11.5
Tin and alloys
CONT.
12
Group 1712.1
Physical properties of selected Group 17 elements
12.2
Reactions of selected Group17 elements 12.3
Reactions of selected halide ions
12.4
Industrial applications of halogens and their compounds
13
Transition Elements 13.1
Physical properties of first row transition elements
13.2
Chemical properties of first row transition elements 13.3
Nomenclature and bonding of complexes
13.4
Uses of first row transition elements their compounds
THIRD TERM:
14 Introduction to Organic Chemistry 14.1
Bonding of the carbon atoms: the shapes of
ethane, ethene, ethyne
and benzene molecules 14.2
General, empirical, molecular and structural
formulae of organic compounds 14.3
Functional groups: classification and
nomenclature 14.4
Isomerism: structural and stereoisomerism
14.5
Free radicals, nucleophiles
and electrophiles14.6
Molecular structure and its effect on physical
properties 14.7
Inductive and resonance effect
CONT.
15
Hydrocarbons 15.1Alkanes15.2Alkenes 15.3Arenes
16
Haloalkanes
17
Hydroxy
compounds 17.1
Introduction to hydroxy
compounds
17.2
Alcohols 17.3
Phenols
18
Carbonyl compounds
CONT.
19
Carboxylic Acids and their Derivatives compounds 19.1
Carboxylic acid
19.2
Acyl
chlorides 19.3
Esters
19.4
Amides
20
Amines, Amino Acids and Proteins 20.1
Amines
20.2
Amino acids 20.3
Protein
21
Polymers
THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE NEW SYLLABUS FROM THE EXISTING SYLLABUS
No. Details Existing syllabus
New Syllabus Rationale for change
1 Number of topics
24 21 Topic 10: Group 13 − Aluminium, of the existing syllabus has been reduced in scope as Subtopic 8.6: Applications of electrochemistry and Subtopic 10.2: Anomalous behaviour of beryllium in the new syllabus.
Topic 12: Nitrogen and its compounds has also been reduced in scope and updated in the new syllabus as Subtopic 6.1: Chemical equilibria and Subtopic 15.1: Alkanes since this topic has been studied at the SPM level.
No. Details Existing syllabus
New Syllabus Rationale for change
Topic 22: Amines from the existing syllabus is updated in the new syllabus as subtopic 20.1: Amines.
2. Change in content
Topic 2: Electronic structure of atoms
Topic 5: Reaction kinetics
Topic 2: Electronic structure of atoms
Topic 5: Reaction kinetics
Topic 2 of the existing syllabus has been updated in the new syllabus by taking out Subtopic 2(2), the measurement of the ionisation energy of an atom. Subtopic 5.7 of the existing syllabus has been updated in the new syllabus by taking out the determination of the orders of reaction by integrated equation because it is more of a mathematical than a chemistry concepts .
No. Details Existing syllabus
New Syllabus Rationale for change
Topic 6: Equilibria
Subtopic 6.1: Chemical equilibria
Subtopic 6.3: Phase equilbria
Topic 6: Equilibria
Subtopic 6.1: Chemical equilibria
Subtopic 6.4: Phase equilbria
Subtopic 6.1 of the existing syllabus is updated in the new syllabus by including the concept of dynamic chemical equilibria
to address the environmental issue. Meanwhile, Subtopic 6.3.1 in the existing syllabus has been reduced in scope in the new syllabus by taking out Subtopic 6.3.1(b): Mixture of two immiscible liquids and Subtopic 6.3.2: Distribution of solute (including gases) between two phases. These
topics
will
be studied
at the
higher
education
level.
No. Details Existing syllabus
New Syllabus Rationale for change
Topic 9: Period 3 and Group 2: Selected properties
Topic11: Group 14 –
C, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb
Topic 9: Periodic Table: Periodicity Topic 10: Group 2
Topic11: Group 14
The concepts of Topic 9 in the existing syllabus is being expanded into Topic 9 and 10 of the new syllabus with the inclusion of Subtopic 10.2: Anomalous behaviour of beryllium and Subtopic 10.3: Uses of Group 2 compounds.
The content coverage of Topic 11 of the existing syllabus is been reduced in the new syllabus by taking out Subtopic 11.5 as this topic has been studied at SPM level.
No. Details Existing syllabus
New Syllabus Rationale for change
Topic14: An introductio
n to the chemistry of d-block elements.
Topic15: The chemistry of carbon
Topic 13: Transition elements
Topic14: Introduction to Organic Chemistry
Topic 14 of the existing syllabus has become Topic 13 in the new syllabus with the exclusion of Subtopic 14.4: Stereoisomerism of complex ions and compounds , as this
topic
is more
appropriate
for
higher
education
level.
Topic 15 of the existing syllabus has been updated and has become Topic 14 in the new syllabus.
No. Details Existing syllabus New Syllabus Rationale for change
Topic16: HydrocarbonSubtopic16.1: Alkanes
Topic15: HydrocarbonSubtopic15.1: Alkanes
Topic 16 and Subtopic 16.1 of the existing syllabus have become Topic 15 and Subtopic15.1 in the new syllabus. A discussion on environmental chemistry and applied chemistry have been included in this topic.
No. Details Existing syllabus New Syllabus Rationale for change
Topic 17: Haloalkanes
Topic 16: Haloalkanes
Topic 17 of the existing syllabus has become Topic 16 in the new syllabus.
No. Details Existing syllabus
New Syllabus Rationale for change
Topic 24: Polymers
Subtopic 24.5: Natural rubber
Topic 21: Polymer
Topic 24 of the existing syllabus has become Topic 21 in the new syllabus. Subtopic 24.5 of the existing syllabus is reduced in scope in the new syllabus by excluding addition polymerisation which involves free radicals and ionic reactions mechanism and the process of producing bulk rubber from latex. This subtopic is more appropriate to be studied at the higher education level. Meanwhile, solid waste disposal is introduced in the new syllabus to upgrade students’
knowledge about environmental chemistry.