KOLEKSI SOALAN KBAT BIOLOGI 2015

Soalan 16/16

Disediakan oleh Cikgu Azrie

Answer scheme translated by SPM Soalan

More SPM Paper at :

http://spmsoalan.wordpress.com/

More SPM papers at :

http://spmsoalan.wordpress.com/

Soalan 16

Produk tenusu adalah sumber yang kaya dengan kalsium dan vitamin D. Kandungan kalsium

yang dibenarkan dan dicadangkan di dalam diet (RDA) adalah dari 700 miligram/ hari bagi

setiap kanak-kanak, 1,000 miligram/ hari untuk orang dewasa dan 1,200 miligram/hari untuk

wanita berumur 51 tahun keatas. Bagi wanita yang hamil dan menyusukan anak, pengambilan

kalsium yang dicadangkan oleh RDA ialah sebanyak 1,300 miligram. RDA untuk vitamin D bagi

kanak-kanak dan dewasa adalah di antara 600 dan 800 unit antarabangsa/hari. Produk tenusu

juga mengandungi laktosa. Produk-produk tenusu yang mengandungi laktosa yang tinggi

adalah susu, aiskrim dan keju. Laktosa juga ditambah di dalam makanan yang tertentu seperti

roti, bijirin, kuah salad, gula-gula dan makanan ringan. Makanan yang mengandungi wei,

hasilan sampingan susu, susu kering dan susu kering tanpa lemak juga mengandungi laktosa.

Berdasarkan maklumat ini, ibu Albert cuba untuk memaksa beliau mengambil segelas susu

kerana ia adalah baik untuk tumbesarannya. Rajah 2 pula menunjukkan keadaan Albert selepas

2 jam pengambilan susu. Setiap kali dia minum susu, keadaan yang sama akan berlaku.

Dairy products are an excellent source of calcium and vitamin D. The recommended dietary

allowance for calcium ranges from 700 milligrams per day in very young children to 1,000

milligrams for most adults and 1,200 milligrams per day in women aged 51 and older.

Pregnancy or lactation recommendations increase, with an RDA of 1,300 milligrams of calcium.

The RDA for vitamin D for children and adults ranges between 600 and 800 international units

per day. Dairy products also contain lactose.The most common dairy products that are high in

lactose include such as milk, ice cream, and cheese. Lactose is also added to some foods, such

as bread and baked goods, cereals, salad dressings, candies, and snacks. Foods that contain

whey, curds, milk by-products, dry milk solids, and nonfat dry milk also contain lactose.

Based on this information, Albert’s mother tried to force him to consume a glass of milk because

it is good for his growth. Diagram 2 shows the condition of Albert after 2 hours drinking the milk.

Every time he drinks the milk, the same condition will occur.

Diagram 2 / Rajah 2

(a) Kenapakah Albert menunjukkan gejala ini?

Why did Albert show this symptom?

(Evaluation) [4 markah]

More SPM papers at :

http://spmsoalan.wordpress.com/

(b) Cadangkan satu menu sarapan yang sesuai yang boleh disediakan oleh ibunya agar

Albert tidak lagi mengalami gejala ini.

Suggest one suitable menu which can be prepared by Albert’s mother for his

breakfast to prevent the same symptom from occurring.

(Creating)[3 markah]

(c) Ramalkan keadaan Albert sekiranya beliau mengambil satu cawan yogurt. Berikan

alasan untuk jawapan anda.

Predict the condition of Albert if he consumes a cup of yogurt. Give the reason for

your answer.

(Evaluating) [5 markah]

(a) The salivary glands produce saliva, which keeps the mouth and other parts of the

digestive system moist. It also helps break down carbohydrates (with salivary amylase,

formerly known as ptyalin) and lubricates the passage of food down from the oro-pharynx

to the esophagus to the stomach. There are three main pairs of salivary glands: the

parotid, the submandibular and the sublingual glands.

Kelenjar air liur menghasilkan air liur yang mengekalkan mulut dan bahagian lain di

dalam system pencernaan berada di dalam keadaan lembap. Ia juga membantu dalam

menguraikan karbohidrat (dengan amilase air liur yang sebelum ini dikenali sebagai

ptialin) dan pelincir untuk pergerakan makanan turun dari oro-farink ke esophagus

hingga ke perut. Terdapat tiga pasang kelenjar air liur iaitu kelejar parotid, kelenjar

submandibular dan kelenjar sublingual.

More SPM papers at :

http://spmsoalan.wordpress.com/

Permukaan dalam kelenjar air liur terdapat lapisan tisu epitelium yang menghasilkan

enzim amylase. Setiap hari Albert makan dua keping roti.Bagaimanakah sel-sel ini

menghasilkan enzim dengan dibantu oleh organel tertentu?

The inner surface of salivary gland has the presence of epithelial tissues which produce

the amylase enzyme. Every morning Albert eats two pieces of bread. How do these cells

produce the enzyme with the help of particular organelles?

(Aplikasi)[5 markah]

More SPM papers at :

http://spmsoalan.wordpress.com/

No. Answers Marks

2(a) Name of dieses :lactose intolerance / hypolactasia

lactase deficiency

is the inability to digest lactose

a sugar found in milk and to a lesser extent dairy products.

a genetic disorder

Max 4

(b) Menu for Albert’s breakfast: Orange juice / Yogurt Bread Boiled egg Salads Must has the source of + carbohydrate + protein + fibre / fat

1 m for each type of food

(c) F-No symptom of lactase tolerance / He is normal E- Less / No lactose in the yogurt E- because the lactose has been broken down E- by the microorganisms / enzyme produces by

microorganism E-become glucose and galactose

1 1 1 (Accept E if F 1 is correct) 1

More SPM papers at :

http://spmsoalan.wordpress.com/

(d) 1.DNA in nucleus carry the information for synthesis enzymes 2.RNA is formed to translate the DNA codes(transcription) 3.RNA leaves the nucleus and attaches itself to ribosome 4. Extracellular enzymes produce by ribosomes base on

RNA codes which attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

5. Enzymes are transported within rough ER 6.Enzymes depart from rough ER wrapped in vesicle

(transport vesicle) 7.Transport vesicle fuse with Golgi apparatus 8.Enzymes are modified during their transport in the Golgi

apparatus 9. Secretory vesicle containing these modified enzymes bud

off from the Golgi apparatus 10. Secretory vesicle traveled to the plasma membrane and

released the enzymes outside the cell

1 1 1 Must follow the 1 sequence 1 1 1 1 1 1