LAPORAN TUGAS AKHIR

PERANCANGAN DAN OPTIMASI PENEMPATAN AKSES POINT WIFI

FREKUENSI 2,4 GHz GEDUNG DIGITAL CONVERGENCE (DC)

MENGGUNAKAN RADIOWAVE PROPAGATION SIMULATOR (RPS) 5.4

Laporan Tugas Akhir Disusun Guna Memenuhi Syarat

Kelulusan Studi di Program Studi D3 Teknik Telekomunikasi

Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Telematika Telkom

Disusun Oleh :

NOOR AMELIA

NIM. 14201020

PROGRAM STUDI D-III TEKNIK TELEKOMUNIKASI

SEKOLAH TINGGI TEKNOLOGI TELEMATIKA TELKOM

PURWOKERTO

2017

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PRAKATA

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Dengan mengucap puji syukur atas kehadirat Allah SWT atas segala rahmat

serta karunia-Nya yang telah diberikan sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan Laporan

Tugas Akhir ini.

Penyusunan Laporan Tugas Akhir ini merupakan salah satu syarat untuk

memperoleh gelar Ahli Madya (A.Md) di program studi D3 Teknik Telekomunikasi.

Judul tugas akhir ini yaitu “PERANCANGAN DAN OPTIMASI PENEMPATAN

ACCESS POINT WIFI FREKUENSI 2,4 GHz GEDUNG DIGITAL

CONVERGENCE (DC) MENGGUNAKAN RADIOWAVE PROPAGATION

SIMULATOR (RPS) 5.4”.

Dalam penulisan sampai selesainya Proposal Tugas Akhir ini, penulis mendapat

dukungan dan bantuan dari berbagai pihak. Dengan ini penulis mengucapkan terima

kasih kepada :

1. Ayah, Bunda, dan keluarga tercinta yang telah menjadi motivasi dan selalu

mendoakan serta mendukung penulis untuk menyelesaikan Tugas Akhir.

2. Bapak Eka Setia Nugraha, M.T. selaku kepala program studi D3 Teknik

Telekomunikasi sekaligus pembimbing I dalam pengerjaan tugas akhir.

3. Bapak Muntaqo Alfin Amanaf, M.T. selaku pembimbing II dalam pengerjaan

tugas akhir.

4. Teman-teman D3 Teknik Telekomunikasi angkatan 2014 yang telah menempuh

perkuliahan serta berjuang bersama penulis.

5. Muhammad Akhyar yang selalu memberikan semangat kepada penulis.

6. Keluarga Manggala ST3 Telkom khususnya Manggala XI, HMDT periode 2015-

2016 yang telah memberikan penulis banyak pengalaman dalam bidang softskill.

7. Semua pihak yang tidak dapat disebutkan satu persatu.

Akhir kata penulis menyadari bahwa Proposal Tugas Akhir ini jauh dari

sempurna. Untuk itu dengan segala kerendahan hati, penyusun mengharapkan kritik

dan saran yang sifatnya membangun dan dapat mendorong penulis untuk menulis hasil

karya yang lebih baik pada masa yang akan datang. Jika pembaca ingin menyampaikan

Laporan Tugas Akhir

STT Telematika Telkom vi 14201020

kritik dan saran maka dapat menghubungi penulis melalui alamat email penulis

14201020@st3telkom.ac.id.

Purwokerto, 10 Juli 2017

Penulis

Noor Amelia

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DAFTAR ISI

HALAMAN PENGESAHAN ..................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

HALAMAN PERNYATAAN .................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

PRAKATA ................................................................................................................... iv

DAFTAR ISI ............................................................................................................... vii

DAFTAR TABEL ...................................................................................................... xiii

ABSTRAK ................................................................................................................. xiv

ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................. xv

BAB I ............................................................................................................................ 1

1.1 Latar Belakang Masalah ................................................................................. 1

1.2 Perumusan Masalah ........................................................................................ 2

1.3 Tujuan Penelitian ............................................................................................ 2

1.4 Manfaat Penelitian .......................................................................................... 3

1.5 Batasan Masalah ............................................................................................. 3

1.6 Kaitan Judul Dengan Teknik Telekomunikasi ............................................... 4

1.7 Metodologi Penelitian .................................................................................... 4

BAB II ........................................................................................................................... 6

2.1 Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) ......................................................... 6

2.1.1 Cara Kerja WLAN .................................................................................. 6

2.1.2 Kelebihan Teknologi WLAN .................................................................. 7

2.1.3 Kelemahan .................................................................................................. 7

2.1.4 Konfigurasi Jaringan ............................................................................... 7

2.2 Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) ................................................................................. 9

2.2.1 Definisi WiFi ........................................................................................... 9

2.2.2 Standar WiFi ......................................................................................... 10

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2.3 Access Point ................................................................................................. 11

2.4 Indoor Building Solution (IBS) atau Indoor Building Coverage (IBC)[ ..... 12

2.5 Sistem ............................................................................................................ 13

2.6 Propagasi Jaringan Indoor ............................................................................ 13

2.7 Perancangan .................................................................................................. 16

2.7.1 Perancangan Berdasar Kapasitas................................................................ 17

2.7.2 Perancangan Berdasar Cakupan Wilayah ............................................. 19

2.8 Radiowave .................................................................................................... 21

2.8.1 Versi Radiowave Propagation Simulator 5.4 ....................................... 21

2.8.2 Karakteristik Radiowave Propagation Simulator ................................. 22

BAB III ....................................................................................................................... 23

3.1 Flowchart Perancangan dan Optimasi Penempatan Access Point WiFi

Gedung DC ............................................................................................................. 23

3.2 Deskripsi Gedung DC .................................................................................. 25

3.3 Deskripsi Access Point WiFi Existing pada Gedung DC ............................. 28

3.3.1 Lokasi Access Point .............................................................................. 28

3.3.2 Spesifikasi Access Point ........................................................................ 29

3.4 Simulasi Menggunakan Software RPS 5.4 ................................................... 30

3.4.1 Membuat Layer ..................................................................................... 32

3.4.2 Memilih Material pada Layer ............................................................... 33

3.4.3 Membuat Desain Bangunan .................................................................. 34

3.4.4 Pemasangan Access Point atau Transmitter .......................................... 38

3.4.5 Memasang Receiver .............................................................................. 40

3.4.6 Memilih Model Propagasi ..................................................................... 41

3.4.7 Menjalankan Simulasi ........................................................................... 42

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3.5 Perancangan Jumlah Access Point ............................................................... 42

3.5.1 Perancangan Berdasar Kapasitas .......................................................... 43

3.5.2 Perancangan Berdasarkan Cakupan Wilayah........................................ 44

3.6 Skenario Penempatan Access Point .............................................................. 46

BAB IV ....................................................................................................................... 48

4.1 Tinjauan Umum ............................................................................................ 48

4.2 Hasil Simulasi Access Point WiFi existing gedung DC ............................... 48

4.3 Perancangan Ulang Jumlah Access Point Wifi Gedung DC ........................ 51

4.3.1 Perancangan Berdasarkan Kapasitas ..................................................... 51

4.3.2 Perancangan Berdasarkan Cakupan Wilayah........................................ 54

4.4 Optimasi Penempatan Access Point WiFi gedung DC ................................. 58

4.4.1 Skenario 12 Buah Access Point ............................................................ 58

4.4.2 18 Buah Access Point ............................................................................ 62

4.4.3 Perbandingan 12 access point dengan 18 access point ......................... 67

4.5 Perbandingan Hasil Simulasi Existing dengan Optimasi ............................. 67

BAB V ......................................................................................................................... 70

5.1 KESIMPULAN ............................................................................................ 70

5.2 SARAN ........................................................................................................ 70

DAFTAR PUSTAKA ................................................................................................. 71

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DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 2. 1 Konfigurasi Jaringan WLAN secara umum ............................................. 8

Gambar 2. 2 Mode Ad-Hoc ........................................................................................... 8

Gambar 2. 3 Mode Infrastruktur.................................................................................... 9

Gambar 2. 4 Macam-macam Access Point ................................................................. 12

Gambar 2. 5 Prediksi Tampilan One Slope Model ...................................................... 13

Gambar 2. 6 Prediksi Tampilan Keenan Motley Model .............................................. 14

Gambar 2. 7 Prediksi Tampilan Cost 231 Multi-Wall Model ..................................... 15

Gambar 3. 1 Flowchart Perancangan dan Optimasi Penempatan Access Point WiFi

Gedung DC..................................................................................................................23

Gambar 3. 2 Gedung DC ST3 Telkom Purwokerto .................................................... 25

Gambar 3. 3 Denah Gedung DC Lantai 1 dan 2 ......................................................... 26

Gambar 3. 4 Denah Gedung DC Lantai 3 ................................................................... 26

Gambar 3. 5 Lokasi AP lantai 1 .................................................................................. 28

Gambar 3. 6 Lokasi AP lantai 2 .................................................................................. 29

Gambar 3. 7 Lokasi AP lantai 3 .................................................................................. 29

Gambar 3. 8 Flowchart RPS 5.4 ................................................................................. 31

Gambar 3. 9 Tampilan Awal RPS 5.4 ......................................................................... 32

Gambar 3. 10 Membuat Layer .................................................................................... 32

Gambar 3. 11 Layer untuk membuat gedung DC ....................................................... 33

Gambar 3. 12 Setting Overview .................................................................................. 33

Gambar 3. 13 Materials Database .............................................................................. 34

Gambar 3. 14 Mengubah color,thickness dan active pada layer................................. 34

Gambar 3. 15 Menggunakan tools Draw Polygon ...................................................... 35

Gambar 3. 16 Menggunakan tools Draw Wall Along Polyline ................................... 35

Gambar 3. 17 Denah Gedung DC Lantai 1 ................................................................. 36

Gambar 3. 18 Denah Gedung DC Lantai 2 ................................................................. 36

Gambar 3. 19 Denah Gedung DC Lantai 3 ................................................................. 36

Gambar 3. 20 Gedung DC Lantai 1 dalam 3 dimensi ................................................. 37

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Gambar 3. 21 Gedung DC Lantai 2 dalam 3 dimensi ................................................. 37

Gambar 3. 22 Gedung DC Lantai 3 dalam 3 dimensi ................................................. 38

Gambar 3. 23 Gedung DC secara keseluruhan ........................................................... 38

Gambar 3. 24 Import Antennas ................................................................................... 39

Gambar 3. 25 Pengaturan Grid Size ............................................................................ 39

Gambar 3. 26 Menambahkan Transmitter .................................................................. 40

Gambar 3. 27 Pengaturan Transmitter ........................................................................ 40

Gambar 3. 28 Field of Receivers ................................................................................. 41

Gambar 3. 29 Add New Receivers ............................................................................... 41

Gambar 3. 30 Memilih Model Propagasi .................................................................... 42

Gambar 3. 31 Menjalankan Simulasi .......................................................................... 42

Gambar 3. 32 Skenario 1 dalam bentuk 3D ................................................................ 47

Gambar 3. 33 Skenario 2 dalam bentuk 3D ................................................................ 47

Gambar 3. 34 Skenario 3 dalam bentuk 3D ................................................................ 47

Gambar 4. 1 Coverage penempatan AP WiFi existing gedung...................................49

Gambar 4. 2 Histogram coverage penempatan AP WiFi existing gedung DC ........... 49

Gambar 4. 3 SIR penempatan AP WiFi existing gedung DC ..................................... 49

Gambar 4. 4 Histogram SIR penempatan AP WiFi existing gedung DC ................... 50

Gambar 4. 5 Grafik nilai coverage dan SIR existing .................................................. 51

Gambar 4. 6 Penempatan AP skenario 1 lantai 1,2,dan 3 ........................................... 58

Gambar 4. 7 Grafik nilai coverage dan SIR skenario 1 .............................................. 59

Gambar 4. 8 Penempatan AP skenario 2 lantai 1,2,dan 3 ........................................... 60

Gambar 4. 9 Grafik nilai coverage dan SIR skenario 2 .............................................. 60

Gambar 4. 10 Penempatan AP skenario 3 lantai 1,2,dan 3 ......................................... 61

Gambar 4. 11 Grafik nilai coverage dan SIR skenario 3 ............................................ 62

Gambar 4. 12 Penempatan access point skenario 1 lantai 1,2,dan 3 .......................... 63

Gambar 4. 13 Grafik nilai coverage dan SIR skenario 1 ............................................ 63

Gambar 4. 14 Penempatan AP skenario 2 lantai 1,2,dan 3 ......................................... 64

Gambar 4. 15 Grafik nilai coverage dan SIR skenario 2 ............................................ 65

Gambar 4. 16 Penempatan access point skenario 3 lantai 1,2,dan 3 ........................... 65

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Gambar 4. 17 Grafik nilai coverage dan SIR skenario 3 ............................................ 66

Gambar 4. 18 Grafik Perbandingan Nilai coverage dan SIR hasil simulasi existing

dengan hasil simulasi optimasi ................................................................................... 68

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DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 2. 1 11 channel pada WiFi ............................................................................... 10

Tabel 2. 2 Perbandingan Standar 802.11 .................................................................... 11

Tabel 2. 3 IBFL keenan motley ................................................................................... 14

Tabel 2. 4 Service Model ............................................................................................. 17

Tabel 2. 5 Forecast AP ............................................................................................... 19

Tabel 2. 6 Parameter Link Budget ............................................................................... 20

Tabel 3. 1 Deskripsi Penggunaan Gedung DC............................................................27

Tabel 3. 2 Spesifikasi AP ............................................................................................ 30

Tabel 3. 3 Rincian Pengguna ...................................................................................... 43

Tabel 3. 4 IEEE 802.11 OFDM Parameter ................................................................. 44

Tabel 3. 5 Parameter MAPL ....................................................................................... 45

Tabel 3. 6 Material loss penghalang ........................................................................... 45

Tabel 4. 1 Nilai coverage dan SIR existing.................................................................50

Tabel 4. 2 Nilai OBQ .................................................................................................. 52

Tabel 4. 3 Total OBQ .................................................................................................. 53

Tabel 4. 4 Nilai Redaman Indoor ................................................................................ 55

Tabel 4. 5 Total Loss ................................................................................................... 56

Tabel 4. 6 Nilai coverage dan SIR skenario 1 ............................................................ 59

Tabel 4. 7 Nilai coverage dan SIR skenario 2 ............................................................ 60

Tabel 4. 8 Nilai coverage dan SIR skenario 3 ............................................................ 61

Tabel 4. 9 Nilai coverage dan SIR skenario 1 ............................................................ 63

Tabel 4. 10 Nilai coverage dan SIR skenario 2 .......................................................... 64

Tabel 4. 11 Nilai coverage dan SIR skenario 3 .......................................................... 66

Tabel 4. 12 Perbandingan Keseluruhan Skenario ....................................................... 67

Tabel 4. 13 Perbandingan Nilai coverage dan SIR hasil simulasi existing dengan hasil

simulasi optimasi ......................................................................................................... 68