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D i d o w n l o a d d a r i h t t p : / / w w w . v b a i t u l l a h . o r . i d
P e n y e b a b P e r c e r a i a n
D a n K i a t M e n g a n t i s i p a s i n y a
D r . M u h a m m a d N a s i r A l H u m a i d
1 3 D e s e m b e r 2 0 0 4
A d a l a h s u a t u h a l y a n g s a n g a t m e m p r i h a t i n k a n , b a n y a k n y a t e r j a d i k a s u s
p e r c e r a i a n d i d u n i a I s l a m y a n g d i s e b a b k a n b e r b a g a i m a c a m f a k t o r , y a n g
s e b e n a r n y a d a p a t d i a n t i s i p a s i .
P a d a h a l d a m p a k n y a s a n g a t m e n g k h a w a t i r k a n d i m a s y a r a k a t ; s e c a r a i n d i v i d u a l
m a u p u n k e l o m p o k m a s y a r a k a t . B u k a n k a h s a n g a t m u n g k i n u n t u k m e n c a r i s o l u s i
p e r m a s a l a h a n i n i d a l a m k h a z a n a h s y a r i ' a t I s l a m y a n g m e m i l i k i k o m p l e k s i t a s d a n
s e m p u r n a ?
T u l i s a n i n i m e r u p a k a n k a r y a s e o r a n g u l a m a y a n g b e r n a m a D r . M u h a m m a d
N a s i r A l H u m a i d . B e l i a u s a l a h s e o r a n g s t a f p e n g a j a r d i J a m i ' a h I s l a m i y a h A l
M a d i n a h .
T u l i s a n y a n g m e r u p a k a n r e e k s i t e r h a d a p m a s y a r a k a t d u n i a I s l a m y a n g k i n i
s e m a k i n j a u h d a r i p e d o m a n A l Q u r ' a n d a n S u n n a h . A k i b a t d a r i i t u , u p a y a
s y a r i ' a t u n t u k m e n c i p t a k a n t a t a n a n m a s y a r a k a t I s l a m y a n g b a i k d a n b e n a r
d e n g a n j a l i n a n p e r n i k a h a n m u l a i g o y a h d e n g a n b a n y a k n y a k a s u s p e r c e r a i a n .
D a l a m t u l i s a n i n i , b e l i a u m e n y e b u t k a n b e b e r a p a p o i n t p e n t i n g y a n g m e n j a d i
p e n y e b a b p e r c e r a i a n . K e b a n y a k a n d a r i s e b a b - s e b a b i t u , d a p a t d i a n t i s i p a s i d a n
D i t e r j e m a h k a n O l e h A b u F a i r u z A h m a d R i d w a n A l M e d a n i , d a r i b u k u A t T i r y a q L i
W i q a y a t i A z Z a u z a i n i M i n A t h T h a l a q , k a r y a D r . M u h a m m a d i b n N a s i r A I
H u m a i d . D i s a l i n d a r i m a j a l a h A s - S u n n a h 0 7 / V I I / 1 4 2 1 H h a l 5 2 - 5 6 d a n A s - S u n n a h
0 7 / V I I / 1 4 2 1 H h a l . 5 2 - 5 8 .
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a d a s o l u s i n y a . N a m u n , a d a p u l a y a n g t i d a k m e m i l i k i a l t e r n a t i f l a i n , k e c u a l i
p e r c e r a i a n .
B e l i a u m e m b a g i s e b a b p e r c e r a i a n i n i m e n j a d i t i g a b a g i a n . P e r t a m a , s e b a b
p e r c e r a i a n y a n g d a t a n g n y a d a r i s u a m i . K e d u a , s e b a b p e r c e r a i a n y a n g d a t a n g n y a
d a r i i s t r i . K e t i g a , s e b a b p e r c e r a i a n y a n g d i s e b a b k a n o l e h k e l u a r g a k e d u a
p a s a n g a n s u a m i - i s t r i .
1 S e b a b P e r c e r a i a n Y a n g D a t a n g D a r i S u a m i
D a n S o l u s i n y a
1 . S u a m i t i d a k m e n u n a i k a n k e w a j i b a n - y a n g d i b e b a n k a n A l l a h k e p a d a n y a -
t e r h a d a p i s t r i , y a n g d i k a r e n a k a n f a k t o r j a h i l ( t i d a k m e n g e r t i ) , l a l a i , a t a u
k a r e n a s e n g a j a m e n e n t a n g s y a r i ' a t A l l a h .
S e l a y a k n y a , s e o r a n g s u a m i b e l a j a r u n t u k m e n g e t a h u i t e n t a n g h a k - h a k
i s t r i n y a . T i d a k m e n g a n g g a p h a l i n i s e p e l e , d a n h e n d a k l a h d i a t a k u t k e p a d a
A l l a h d a l a m m e m p e r g a u l i i s t r i n y a .
D e n g a n d e m i k i a n , d i h a r a p k a n b a h t e r a r u m a h t a n g g a y a n g m e r e k a a r u n g i
b e r s a m a a k a n t e t a p l a n g g e n g d i b a w a h n a u n g a n s y a r i ' a t I s l a m y a n g m u l i a .
D i a n t a r a h a k - h a k i s t r i t e r h a d a p s u a m i n y a , y a i t u a g a r s u a m i m e m -
p e r l a k u k a n i s t r i d e n g a n b a i k , m e r i m b e r i n y a n a f k a h , m e n g h o r m a t i n y a ,
b e r l e m a h l e m b u t , m e m a k l u m i k e k u r a n g a n i s t r i n y a , d a n b e r h i a s d i
h a d a p a n n y a .
l b n u A b b a s b e r k a t a ,
" A k u s a n g a t s e n a n g d a n b e r u p a y a u n t u k b e r h i a s d i h a d a p a n
i s t r i k u , s e b a g a i m a n a a k u p u n s e n a n g j i k a d i a b e r d a n d a n u n t u k
d i r i k u , k a r e n a A l l a h b e r r m a n ,
B a g i m e r e k a ( p a r a i s t r i ) t e r d a p a t h a k - h a k y a n g w a j i b
d i t u n a i k a n ( t e r h a d a p s u a m i m e r e k a ) , s e b a g a i m a n a
m e r e k a m e m i l i k i h a k - h a k y a n g w a j i b d i t u n a i k a n
s u a m i . ( Q S A l B a q a r a h : 2 2 8 )
1
1
T a f s i r I b n u K a t s i r 1 / 2 3 7 .
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2 . T i d a k m e m a t u h i w a s i a t R a s u l u l l a h , ( y a i t u ) a g a r m e n i k a h i w a n i t a y a n g t a a t
a g a m a , S e b a g a i m a n a d a l a m s a b d a n y a ,
W a n i t a d i n i k a h i k a r e n a e m p a t p e r k a r a , k a r e n a h a r t a n y a ,
k e t u r u n a n n y a , k e c a n t i k a n n y a , m a u p u n a g a m a n y a ; m a k a c a r i l a h
y a n g t a a t b e r a g a m a .
2
K e t i k a s a l a h s e o r a n g d a r i p a s a n g a n t e r s e b u t t a a t b e r a g a m a , s e m e n t a r a
y a n g l a i n n y a t i d a k t a a t , p a s t i a k a n t e r j a d i b e r b a g a i m a c a m p r a h a r a a n t a r a
k e d u a n y a . S e o r a n g y a n g t a a t b e r a g a m a a k a n b e r b u a t h a l - h a l y a n g d i r i d h a i
A l l a h , s e d a n g k a n p a s a n g a n n y a y a n g t i d a k t a a t , p a s t i a k a n m e n u r u t k a n
h a w a n a f s u n y a .
S e y o g y a n y a , s e o r a n g p r i a y a n g a k a n m e m i n a n g w a n i t a a g a r m e n g i n d a h k a n
p e s a n R a s u l u l l a h d i a t a s , u n t u k m e n c a r i p a s a n g a n y a n g t a a t b e r a g a m a
- w a l a u p u n h a r u s m e n u n g g u l a m a - h i n g g a m e n d a p a t k a n w a n i t a t e r s e b u t .
D e n g a n m e n i k a h i w a n i t a y a n g t a a t b e r a g a m a , n i s c a y a s u a m i a k a n d a p a t
m e n g a r u n g i b a h t e r a r u m a h t a n g g a d e n g a n p e n u h b a h a g i a , d e n g a n i z i n
A l l a h t e n t u n y a .
S e o r a n g s u a m i m e m i l i k i t a n g g u n g j a w a b y a n g b e s a r u n t u k m e n d a k w a h i
i s t r i n y a d a n m e n a s i h a t i n y a d e n g a n p e n u h k e s a b a r a n , b i j a k s a n a d a n l e m a h -
l e m b u t . A l l a h b e r r m a n ,
D a n p e r i n t a h k a n k e l u a r g a m u u n t u k m e l a k s a n a k a n s h a l a t d a n
b e r s a b a r l a h a t a s n y a . ( Q S T h a h a : 1 3 2 ) .
A l l a h j u g a b e r r m a n ,
D a n s e r u l a h m a n u s i a k e j a l a n R a b b - m u d e n g a n h i k m a h d a n
n a s i h a t y a n g b a l k , d a n d e b a t l a h m e r e k a d e n g a n c a r a y a n g
p a l i n g b a l k . ( Q S A n N a h l : 1 2 5 ) .
D e n g a n d e m i k i a n , d i h a r a p k a n i s t r i a k a n d a p a t m e n j a d i l e b i h b a i k d e n g a n
i z i n A l l a h .
2
S h a h i h A l B u k h a r i , h a d i t s n o . 5 0 9 0 , d a n S h a h i h M u s l i m , h a d i t s n o . 1 4 6 6 .
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S e s u n g g u h n y a A l l a h t a ' a l a m e m b e r i k a n n i k m a t d u n i a k e p a d a
o r a n g - o r a n g y a n g d i c i n t a i n y a m a u p u n y a n g d i b e n c i n y a ; t e t a p i
D i a t i d a k a k a n m e m b e r i k a n n i k m a t b e r a g a m a , k e c u a l i k e p a d a
o r a n g - o r a n g y a n g d i c i n t a i N y a s e m a t a .
4
A l l a h s e n g a j a m e m b e r i t a n g g u h k e p a d a p a r a p e l a k u k e m a k s i a t a n ,
s e b a g a i m a n a d a l a m r m a n N y a ,
J a n g a n l a h t e r t i p u d e n g a n p e r b u a t a n o r a n g - o r a n g k a r d i m u k a
b u m i . S e s u n g g u h n y a i t u h a n y a l a h k e n i k m a t a n s e s a a t ,
k e m u d i a n m e r e k a a k a n d i m a s u k k a n k e n e r a k a J a h a n n a m .
I t u l a h s e b u r u k - b u r u k t e m p a t . ( Q S A l I m r a n : 1 9 6 - 1 9 7 ) .
S e b a g a i m a n a r m a n N y a ,
D a n o r a n g - o r a n g y a n g m e n d u s t a k a n a y a t K a m i , a k a n K a m i b e r i
t a n g g u h m e r e k a , t a n p a m e r e k a k e t a h u i . K e m u d i a n a k a n A k u
b e r i k a n m e r e k a t e m p o w a k t u . S e s u n g g u h n y a , t i p u d a y a K u
s a n g a t k u a t . ( Q S A l A r a f : 1 8 2 - 1 8 3 ) .
R a s u l u l l a h b e r s a b d a ,
S e s u n g g u h n y a , A l l a h s e n g a j a m e n a n g g u h k a n ( h u k u m a n ) t e r -
h a d a p s e o r a n g y a n g z h a l i m , k e t i k a s a m p a i m a s a n y a , m a k a A l l a h
a k a n m e n g h u k u m n y a d e n g a n t a n p a m e m b e r i p e l u a n g l a g i .
5
O r a n g y a n g m a u m e m p e r h a t i k a n r u m a h - r u m a h y a n g d i d a l a m n y a p e n u h
k e m a k s i a t a n , a k a n m e n d a p a t i , b a h w a t i d a k s e l a m a n y a m e r e k a h i d u p
d e n g a n d a m a i . P a s t i b a n y a k d i a n t a r a m e r e k a y a n g , h i d u p d a l a m
k e g o n c a n g a n d a n k e g e l i s a h a n . F i r m a n A l l a h T a ' a l a ,
B a r a n g s i a p a y a n g m e n g i n g i n k a n d u n i a , m a k a a k a n k a m i b e r i k a n
k e p a d a s i a p a - s i a p a y a n g k a m i k e h e n d a k i . ( Q S A l I s r a : 1 8 ) .
4
M u s n a d I m a m A h m a d , 1 / 3 8 7 ; A l M u s t a d r a k , 1 / 3 3 . D i s h a h i h k a n A l H a k i m d a n
d i s e p a k a t i o l e h A d z D z a h a b i . H a d i t s i n i a d a l a h m a u q u f ( s a m p a i k e p a d a s a h a b a t - r e d .
v b a i t u l l a h ) d a r i I b n M a s ' u d . L i h a t i a h k o m e n t a r m u h a q q i q A l M u s n a d ( S y a i k h A l A r n a ' u t h )
6 / 1 8 9 - 1 9 1 .
5
S h a h i h B u k h a r i , h a d i t s n o . 4 6 8 6 .
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J e l a s l a h , b a h w a t i d a k s e m u a o r a n g y a n g m e n g i n g i n k a n k e s e n a n g a n d u n i a
a k a n m e n d a p a t k a n n y a .
4 . S u a m i y a n g t i d a k p e n y a b a r . M u n g k i n , f a k t o r i n i t e r j a d i k a r e n a
k e l a l a i a n n y a , a t a u p u n k e t i d a k t a h u a n n y a t e n t a n g w a t a k d a s a r d a n t a b i a t
w a n i t a y a n g A l l a h c i p t a k a n .
W a n i t a d i c i p t a k a n d a r i t u l a n g r u s u k y a n g b e n g k o k , s e b a g a i m a n a s a b d a
R a s u l u l l a h ,
B e r b u a t b a i k l a h k a l i a n d a l a m m e m p e r g a u l i w a n i t a . S e s u n g g u h -
n y a , m e r e k a t e r c i p t a d a r i t u l a n g r u s u k . D a n s e s u n g g u h n y a ,
t u l a n g r u s u k y a n g p a l i n g b e n g k o k i a l a h y a n g p a l i n g d i a t a s .
J i k a e n g k a u b e r u s a h a u n t u k m e l u r u s k a n n y a , m a k a e n g k a u a k a n
m e m a t a h k a n n y a . J i k a e n g k a u b i a r k a n , m a k a d i a a k a n t e t a p
b e n g k o k . M a k a , b e r b u a t b a i k l a h k a l i a n k e p a d a m e r e k a .
6
D a l a m r i w a y a t l a i n ,
S e s u n g g u h n y a , w a n i t a t e r c i p t a d a r i t u l a n g r u s u k y a n g b e n g k o k ,
d a n d i a t i d a k a k a n m u n g k i n d a p a t t e t a p i s t i q o m a h d e n g a n s a t u
k o n d i s i . J i k a e n g k a u b e r s e n a n g - s e n a n g d e n g a n n y a , m a k a e n g k a u
a k a n d a p a t i i t u p a d a n y a , n a m u n d i a t e t a p a k a n b e n g k o k .
J i k a e n g k a u b e r u s a h a u n t u k m e l u r u s k a n n y a , m a k a e n g k a u a k a n
m e m a t a h k a n n y a , m e m a t a h k a n n y a b e r a r t i e n g k a u m e n c e r a i k a n -
n y a .
7
H e n d a k l a h s u a m i m e n y a d a r i t a b i a t d a s a r d a n t r a h w a n i t a , a g a r d a p a t
m e n y i k a p i n y a d e n g a n b i j a k d a n s a b a r , k a r e n a i n i a d a l a h k o d r a t s e m u a
w a n i t a .
D e n g a n d e m i k i a n , s u a m i d a p a t m e m a k l u m i k e k e l i r u a n - k e k e l i r u a n y a n g
m e r e k a p e r b u a t d a n t i d a k p e r l u d i a m b i l h a t i . H a s a n B a s r i b e r k a t a ,
" S e o r a n g l e l a k i m u l i a t i d a k a k a n t e r l a m p a u m e m p e r h i t u n g k a n
s e g a l a k e k e l i r u a n i s t r i n y a . "
8
6
S h a h i h B u k h a r i , h a d i t s n o . 5 1 8 6 d a n S h a h i h M u s l i m h a d i t s n o . 1 4 6 8 .
7
S h a h i h M u s l i m , h a d i t s n o . 1 4 6 8 .
8
T a f s i r A l B a g h a w i 4 / 3 6 4 .
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5 . K e m a r a h a n y a n g m e l u a p b a n y a k m e n j a d i p e n y e b a b s u a m i t e r l a m p a u c e p a t
m e n j a t u h k a n t h a l a k .
B a h k a n , s e b a g a i a n s u a m i a d a y a n g m e m i l i k i t a b i a t j e l e k , ( y a i t u ) s e l a l u
m e n g a n c a m a k a n m e n c e r a i k a n i s t r i , j i k a m e l a n g g a r a p a y a n g d i b e n c i n y a ,
w a l a u p u n h a n y a s e p e l e . S e h a r u s n y a s u a m i d a p a t m e n a h a n g e j o l a k k e m a r a h a n ,
d a n b e r u p a y a u n t u k d i a m .
J a n g a n s a m p a i s u a m i b e r b i c a r a s e m a u n y a , h i n g g a t a n p a s a d a r m e n g e l u a r k a n
k a t a - k a t a " t h a l a k " . R a s u l u l l a h b e r s a b d a ,
B u k a n l a h o r a n g k u a t i t u y a n g d a p a t m e n j a t u h k a n l a w a n d a l a m
b e r k e l a h i , ( t e t a p i ) o r a n g y a n g k u a t i a l a h o r a n g y a n g d a p a t m e r e d a m
g e j o l a k m a r a h , k e t i k a d i a a k a n m a r a h .
9
D a l a m s u a t u r i w a y a t , p e r n a h s e s e o r a n g d a t a n g m e n g h a d a p
N a b i s a m b i l b e r k a t a , " B e r i l a h a k u n a s i h a t , " R a s u l u l l a h b e r s a b d a ,
" J a n g a n l a h e n g k a u m a r a h , " d i a k e m b a l i b e r t a n y a d a n N a b i m a s i h
t e r u s m e n g u l a n g i , " J a n g a n l a h e n g k a u m a r a h . "
1 0
2 K i a t R a s u l u l u l l a h D a l a m M e n g a n t i s i p a s i M a r a h
1 . B e r u s a h a u n t u k d i a m k e t i k a a k a n m a r a h , R a s u l u l l a h b e r s a b d a ,
J i k a e n g k a u m a r a h , m a k a d i a m l a h . J i k a e n g k a u m a r a h , m a k a
d i a m l a h .
1 1
2 . B e r l i n d u n g k e p a d a A l l a h d a r i s y e t a n y a n g t e r k u t u k .
S u l a i m a n I b n u S a r d m e r i w a y a t k a n ,
p e r n a h d u a o r a n g s a l i n g m e n c e r c a s a t u s a m a l a i n n y a d i
h a d a p a n R a s u l u l l a h . S e m e n t a r a i t u , k a m i s e d a n g d u d u k d i
9
S h a h i h A l B u k h a r i , h a d i t s n o . 6 1 1 d a n S h a h i h M u s l i m , h a d i t s n o . 2 6 0 9 .
1 0
S h a h i h A l B u k h a r i , h a d i t s n o . 6 1 1 6 .
1 1
M u s n a d I m a m A h m a d 1 / 2 8 3 - 3 6 5 . H a d i t s i n i h a s a n l i g h a i r i h i . ( h a d i t s y a n g t e r a n g k a t
d e r a j a t n y a m e n j a d i h a s a n k a r e n a b e b e r a p a s e b a b s e p e r t i a d a n y a p e n g u a t d a n s y a w a h i d d a r i
h a d i t s l a i n . - r e d . v b a i t u l l a h ) . L i h a t l a h k o m e n t a r m u h a q q i q A l - M u s n a d 1 / 2 9 . D a n H a i t s a m i
b e r k a t a , " P a r a p e r a w i n y a t s i q a t . " M a j m a ' A z - Z a w a i d 8 / 7 0 .
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s i s i n y a . S a l a h s e o r a n g d a r i m e r e k a m e n g h i n a y a n g l a i n n y a d e n g a n
m a r a h , h i n g g a m e r a h m u k a n y a . M a k a R a s u l u l l a h b e r s a b d a ,
A k u m e n g e t a h u i s u a t u k a l i m a t , j i k a d i u c a p k a n o l e h n y a
( l a k i - l a k i y a n g m e r a h m u k a n y a , R e d ) , m a k a a k a n h i l a n g
k e m a r a h a n n y a . H e n d a k l a h d i a b e r k a t a : A ' u d z u b i l l a h i
m i n a s y s y a i t h a n i r r a j i m ( a r t i n y a , a k u b e r l i n d u n g k e p a d a
A l l a h d a r i s y e t a n y a n g t e r k u t u k ) .
1 2
3 . J i k a s e d a n g m a r a h , b e r u s a h a l a h u n t u k d u d u k . J i k a t e r n y a t a m a s i h m a r a h ,
m a k a h e n d a k l a h b e r b a r i n g . R a s u l u l l a h b e r s a b d a ,
J i k a s a l a h s e o r a n g k a l i a n m a r a h d a n d i a d a l a m k e a d a a n b e r d i r i ,
m a k a h e n d a k l a h d u d u k . J i k a m a s i h b e l u m r e d a m a r a h n y a , m a k a
h e n d a k l a h b e r b a r i n g .
1 3
4 . B e r w u d h u , s e b a b w u d h u d a p a t m e m a d a m k a n k e m a r a h a n . R a s u l u l l a h
b e r s a b d a ,
S e s u n g g u h n y a , k e m a r a h a n i t u b e r a s a l d a r i s y e t a n . D a n s y e t a n
t e r c i p t a d a r i a p i . D a n s e s u n g g u h n y a , a p i i t u d a p a t d i p a d a m k a n
d e n g a n a i r J i k a s a l a h s e o r a n g d i a n t a r a k a l i a n m a r a h , m a k a
b e r w u d h u l a h .
1 4
5 . K e l u a r d a r i r u m a h g u n a m e n g h i d a r i p e r t e n g k a r a n .
D a l a m h a l i n i p e r n a h t e r j a d i p a d a A l i , s e b a g a i m a n a d i r i w a y a t k a n o l e h
B u k h a r i d a n M u s l i m d a r i S a h l l b n S a ' a d , d i a m e n c e r i t a k a n ,
R a s u l u l l a h m e n d a t a n g i r u m a h F a t i m a h , n a m u n b e l i a u t i d a k
m e n e m u k a n A l i . M a k a b e l i a u b e r t a n y a k e p a d a F a t i m a h , ' M a n a
a n a k p a m a n m u ( A l i ) ? '
F a t h i m a h m e n j a w a b ,
1 2
S h a h i h A I B u k h a r i , h a d i t s n o . 6 1 1 5 . D a n S h a h i h M u s l i m , h a d i t s n o . 2 6 1 0 .
1 3
M u s n a d I m a m A h m a d 5 / 1 5 2 . A l H a i t s a m i b e r k a t a , " P a r a p e r a w i n y a p e r a w i s h a h i h . "
M a j m a ' A z Z a w a i d , 8 / 7 0 .
1 4
M u s n a d I m a m A h m a d , 4 / 2 2 6 , S u n a n A b u D a u d , h a d i t s n o . 4 7 8 4 . H a d i s i n i h a s a n .
L i h a t l a h J a m i ' A l U s h u l , t a h q i q A l A r n a ' u t h , 8 / 4 3 9 .
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' K a m i s e d a n g b e r t e n g k a r y a n g m e m b u a t a k u m a r a h ,
m a k a d i a k e l u a r d a n t i d a k t i d u r s i a n g d i r u m a h k u . "
R a s u l b e r k a t a k e p a d a s e s e o r a n g , ' C a r i l a h d i m a n a d i a ! " K e m u d i a n
o r a n g t a d i d a t a n g d a n b e r k a t a , " W a h a i R a s u l u l l a h , d i a d i m a s j i d
s e d a n g t i d u r . "
M a k a R a s u l u l l a h m e n d a t a n g i n y a d a l a m k e a d a a n b e r b a r i n g ,
s e l e n d a n g n y a t e r j a t u h d a r i b a h u n y a d a n b a d a n n y a b e r d e b u , m a -
k a R a s u l u l l a h m e n g u s a p d e b u d a r i n y a d a n b e r k a t a , ' B a n g u n l a h
w a h a i A b u T u r a a b , b a n g u n l a h w a h a i A b u T u r a a b ! "
1 5
K e d u a s u a m i - i s t r i h e n d a k l a h b e r u s a h a u n t u k t i d a k m e m a n c i n g k e m a r a h a n
p a s a n g a n n y a , a p a l a g i k e d u a n y a t e l a h s a l i n g m e m a h a m i t a b i a t m a s i n g -
m a s i n g . D a l a m h a l i n i , i s t r i h a r u s b e r u p a y a m e n g h i n d a r i h a l - h a l y a n g
m e m b u a t s u a m i e m o s i , d a n a k h i r n y a m e n j a t u h k a n t h a l a k .
6 . P e r i l a k u s u a m i y a n g j e l e k a c a p k a l i m e m b u a t i s t r i m e n u n t u t k h u l u ' ( m i n t a
d i c e r a i k a n d e n g a n m e n g e m b a l i k a n m a h a r y a n g d i b e r i k a n s u a m i ) .
B a n y a k s u a m i y a n g m e m i l i k i p e r a n g a i y a n g j e l e k , b e r m u l u t k e j i , s e l a l u
m e n g u m p a t , m e l a k n a t a t a u p u n s e l a l u m e m u k u l i s t r i . H e n d a k l a h p a r a
s u a m i t a k u t k e p a d a A l l a h d a l a m m e m p e r g a u l i i s t r i .
S e h a r u s n y a d i a b e r s y u k u r k e p a d a A l l a h y a n g t e l a h m e m b e r i n y a i s t r i . Y a n g
s a n g i s t r i i n i d a p a t m e r e d a m g e j o l a k s y a h w a t n y a d a n m e n j a d i k a n n y a i a h
( m e n j a g a k e s u c i a n d i r i ) , a p a l a g i j i k a i s t r i t e l a h m e l a h i r k a n a n a k - a n a k n y a .
B u k a n k a h h a l i n i s e p a t u t n y a m e n j a d i k a n n y a b e r s y u k u r k e p a d a A l l a h ? N a b i
b e r w a s i a t ,
B e r b u a t b a i k l a h k a l i a n d a l a m m e m p e r g a u l i p a r a i s t r i .
D a l a m s e b u a h r i w a y a t d i s e b u t k a n :
I n g a t l a h , b e r b u a t b a i k l a h k a l i a n d a l a m m e m p e r g a u l i p a r a i s t r i .
S e s u n g g u h n y a , m e r e k a a d a l a h ' a w a n i n
1 6
( t a w a n a n ) d i s i s i k a l i a n .
1 7
1 5
S h a h i h A l B u k h a r i , h a d i t s n o . 4 4 1 . S h a h i h M u s l i m h a d i t s n o . 2 4 0 6 .
1 6
A n N i h a y a h , k a r y a I b n A t s i r 3 / 3 1 4 .
1 7
S u n a n A t T i r m i d z i h a d i t s n o . 1 1 6 3 , d i a b e r k a t a , " H a s a n s h a h i h . "
9
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K a s u s i n i b a n y a k m e n i m p a p a r a i s t r i y a n g m e m i l i k i p e k e r j a a n . B i a s a n y a
a k a n m e r u s a k h u b u n g a n a n t a r a k e d u a n y a , d a n t i d a k s e d i k i t b e r a k h i r
d e n g a n p e r c e r a i a n . A l l a h b e r r m a n ,
a r t i n y a : J a n g a n l a h k a l i a n m e n a h a n m e r e k a ( p a r a i s t r i ) ( u n t u k
d a p a t m e n i k a h ) a g a r k a l i a n d a p a t m e m b a w a s e b a g i a n d a r i
h a r t a y a n g m e r e k a b e r i k a n k e p a d a k a l i a n , k e c u a l i j i k a m e r e k a
m e l a k u k a n p e r b u a t a n k e j i y a n g n y a t a . ( Q S A n N i s a : 1 9 ) .
A l l a h b e r r m a n ,
J i k a m e r e k a d e n g a n r e l a m e m b e r i k a n k e p a d a k a l i a n h a r t a m e r e k a ,
m a k a m a k a n l a h d e n g a n b a i k - b a i k . ( Q S A n N i s a : 4 ) .
T i d a k h a l a l b a g i s u a m i m e n g a m b i l h a r t a i s t r i , k e c u a l i d e n g a n k e r e l a a n n y a
a t a u j i k a i s t r i b e r b u a t n u z u s . K e t i k a s e o r a n g p r i a m e n i k a h i w a n i t a y a n g
b e r h a r t a , j i k a m e n g i n g i n k a n h a r t a i s t r i n y a , m a k a d i t u n t u t d a r i n y a u n t u k
b e r l e m a h - l e m b u t . C a r a i n i l e b i h e f e k t i f b a g i n y a u n t u k m e n d a p a t k a n
k e i n g i n a n n y a .
C a r a l a i n y a n g d i i z i n k a n u n t u k n y a , y a i t u d e n g a n m e n g a j u k a n p e r s y a r a t a n ,
b a h w a i s t r i h a r u s m e m b a n t u n y a d e n g a n m e m b e r i k a n s e b a g i a n d a r i h a s i l
g a j i n y a . D a n h a l i n i s a h - s a h s a j a ; a p a l a g i d e n g a n b e k e r j a n y a s a n g i s t r i , a k a n
m e n g u r a n g i s e d i k i t b a n y a k p e r h a t i a n d a n k e w a j i b a n n y a t e r h a d a p s u a m i .
D e m i k i a n i n i t i d a k d a p a t d i i n g k a r i , s e b a g a i m a n a s a b d a N a b i ,
K a u m m u s l i m i n w a j i b m e n e p a t i j a n j i ( k e s e p a k a t a n ) y a n g m e r e k a
p e r b u a t , k e c u a l i k e s e p a k a t a n y a n g m e n g h a r a m k a n s u a t u y a n g
h a l a l a t a u m e n g h a l a l k a n y a n g h a r a m .
2 2
B e r a p a b a n y a k r u m a h t a n g g a h a n c u r b e r a n t a k a n k e t i k a i s t r i t i d a k
m e m b e r i k a n a p a y a n g d i h a r a p k a n s u a m i . P a r a i s t r i h e n d a k l a h m e m a h a m i
h a l i n i , d e m i m e n j a g a k e l a n g s u n g a n r u m a h t a n g g a d a n d e m i k e m a s l a h a t a n
a n a k - a n a k a g a r t i d a k t e r l a n t a r .
2 2
S u n a n A t T i r m i d z i h a d i t s n o . 1 3 5 2 . A t T i r m i d z i b e r k o m e n t a r , " H a s a n s h a h i h . " I m a m
B u k h a r i m e r i w a y a t k a n n y a s e c a r a a l m u a l l a q d e n g a n l a f a z h K i t a b I j a r a h , B a b U j r a t u s
S i m s a r a h .
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A l l a h b e r r m a n ,
( S e s u n g g u h n y a b e r d a m a i i t u l e b i h b a i k ) .
P e r b u a t a n w a n i t a m e m b e r i k a n s e b a g i a n h a r t a k e p a d a s u a m i a d a l a h
m e r u p a k a n u p a y a u n t u k b e r d a m a i . S e m o g a A l l a h a k a n m e m b e r i k a n
k e p a d a n y a g a n j a r a n t e r b a i k . A l l a h b e r r m a n ,
B a r a n g s i a p a y a n g m e m a a f k a n d a n b e r b u a t i s l a h , m a k a g a n j a r a n
p a h a l a n y a d i s i s i A l l a h . ( Q S A s y S y u r a : 4 0 ) .
8 . S i k a p a c u h s u a m i t e r h a d a p i s t r i .
B a n y a k p a r a s u a m i t i d a k m e m b e r i k a n p e r h a t i a n y a n g c u k u p d a n l e b i h
s e n a n g t i d u r d i I u a r r u m a h d a r i p a d a b e r k u m p u l d a n b e r k o m u n i k a s i d e n g a n
i s t r i . A p a l a g i , t e r k a d a n g k e s i b u k a n n y a d i l u a r r u m a h d a l a m h a l - h a l y a n g
s e p e l e d a n t i d a k b e r m a n f a a t .
S e o r a n g s u a m i d i t u n t u t u n t u k d a p a t m e m b e r i k a n w a k t u d a n p e r h a t i a n y a n g
c u k u p k e p a d a i s t r i . T i d a k d i b e n a r k a n t e r u s - m e n e r u s m e n i n g g a l k a n i s t r i ,
w a l a u p u n d e n g a n d a l i h s i b u k m e n g e r j a k a n i b a d a h - i b a d a h , s e p e r t i p u a s a
s u n n a h m a u p u n s h a l a t m a l a m . B u k a n k a h R a s u l u l l a h b e r s a b d a ,
J a s a d m u m e m i l i k i h a k ( b e r i s t i r a h a t ) , m a t a m u m e m i l i k i h a k
( u n t u k t i d u r ) d a n i s t r i m u m e m i l i k i h a k a t a s d i r i m u .
2 3
P e r n a h s e o r a n g w a n i t a m e n d a t a n g i U m a r I b n A l K h a t h a b u n t u k m e n g a d u ,
" W a h a i , A m i r u l M u k m i n i n . S u a m i k u s e o r a n g y a n g s e l a l u
b e r p u a s a d a n s h a l a t m a l a m . A k u s e b e n a r n y a e n g g a n m e l a -
p o r k a n n y a k e p a d a m u k a r e n a s i k a p n y a y a n g s e l a l u m e l a k s a n a k a n
i b a d a h - i b a d a h s u n n a h . "
U m a r m e n j a w a b , " A l a n g k a h b a g u s n y a s u a m i m u , " n a m u n
w a n i t a i t u m a s i h m e n g u l a n g i p e r k a t a a n n y a , d a n U m a r m e n j a w a b
j a w a b a n y a n g s a m a . A k h i r n y a , K a ' a b A l A s a d i b e r k a t a ,
" W a h a i , A m i r u l M u k m i n i n . W a n i t a i n i s e b e n a r n y a
m e n g a d u k a n s i k a p s u a m i n y a y a n g t i d a k p e d u l i l a g i p a d a n y a , "
m a k a U m a r b e r k a t a , " S e b a g a i m a n a y a n g e n g k a u p a h a m i d a r i
w a n i t a i n i , m a k a e n g k a u k u s e r a h k a n u n t u k m e n g a d i l i p e r k a r a
i n i . " A k h i r n y a K a ' a b m e m a n g g i l s u a m i w a n i t a i t u .
2 3
S h a h i h A l B u k h a r i h a d i t s n o . 5 1 9 9 , S h a h i h M u s l i m h a d i t s n o . 1 1 5 9 .
1 2
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K e t i k a ( s u a m i w a n i t a i t u ) d a t a n g , K a ' a b b e r k a t a k e p a d a n y a ,
" I s t r i m u m e n g a d u k a n e n g k a u k e p a d a A m i r u l M u k m i n i n . " D i a
b e r t a n y a , " K a r e n a a p a ? A p a k a h k a r e n a t i d a k k u b e r i m a k a n
a t a u p u n m i n u m ? " K a ' a b m e n j a w a b , " T i d a k . "
A k h i r n y a w a n i t a i t u b e r k a t a :
W a h a i h a k i m y a n g b i j a k s a n a , M a s j i d t e l a h m e l a l a i k a n
s u a m i k u d a n t e m p a t t i d u r k u . B e r i b a d a h m e m b u a t n y a
t i d a k m e m b u t u h k a n r a n j a n g k u . A d i l i l a h p e r k a r a i n i ,
w a h a i K a ' a b d a n j a n g a n k a u t o l a k S i a n g d a n m a l a m
t i d a k p e r n a h t i d u r . D a l a m h a l m e m p e r g a u l i w a n i t a , a k u
t i d a k m e m u j i n y a
K e m u d i a n s u a m i n y a m e n j a w a b :
A k u Z u h u d t i d a k m e n d a t a n g i r a n j a n g d a n b i l i k n y a .
K a r e n a a k u t e l a h d i b u a t s i b u k d a n b i n g u n g d e n g a n a p a
y a n g t e l a h t u r u n Y a i t u s u r a t A n N a h l d a n t u j u h s u r a t
y a n g p a n j a n g D a n K i t a b A l l a h m e m b u a t h a t i k u t a k u t
d a n r i s a u .
S e t e l a h m e n d e n g a r i n i , K a ' a b b e r k a t a :
D i a m e m i l i k i h a k a t a s m u , w a h a i l e l a k i . J a t a h n y a e m p a t
h a r i b a g i o r a n g y a n g b e r a k a l . B e r i k a h h a k i t u , d a n
t i n g g a l k a n c e l a y a n g a d a p a d a m u .
2 4
9 . S e p e l e d e n g a n l a f a z h " t h a l a k " .
S e b a g i a n s u a m i , s e r i n g t e r l i h a t b e g i t u r i n g a n n y a m e n g e l u a r k a n k a t a - k a t a
" t h a l a k " k e p a d a i s t r i n y a . T e r k a d a n g s a m b i l b e r g u r a u m e l u n c u r d a r i
m u l u t n y a u c a p a n t a l a k . P a d a h a l R a s u l u l l a h b e r s a b d a ,
T i g a m a c a m p e r k a r a a k a n t e t a p t e r j a d i , w a l a u p u n d i u c a p k a n
d e n g a n s u n g g u h - s u n g g u h a t a u p u n d e n g a n b e r g u r a u , y a i t u :
n i k a h , t a l a k , d a n r u j u ' "
2 5
2 4
T a f s i r A l Q u r t u b i 5 / 1 1 .
2 5
S u n a n A t T i r m i d z i h a d i t s n o . 1 1 8 4 , A t T i r m i d z i b e r k a t a , " H a s a n g h a r i b . " S u n a n A b u
D a w u d h a d i t s n o 2 1 9 4 , S u n a n l b n M a j a h h a d i t s n o . 2 0 3 9 .
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S e l a y a k n y a , s e o r a n g s u a m i m e n j a g a l i d a h n y a . T i d a k m e n y e p e l e k a n
l a f a z h t h a l a k , y a n g t a n p a d i s a d a r i n y a d a p a t m e r u n t u h k a n b a n g u n a n
r u r n a h t a n g g a , h i n g g a a k h i r n y a d a p a t m e n d a t a n g k a n p e n y e s a l a n y a n g
b e r k e p a n j a n g a n , s e t e l a h n a s i m e n j a d i b u b u r .
1 0 . I l a ' ( s u m p a h s u a m i u n t u k t i d a k m e n c a m p u r i i s t r i n y a s e l a m a n y a , a t a u p u n
l e b i h d a r i e m p a t b u l a n ) .
D e m i k i a n I n i m e r u p a k a n b e n t u k k e z h a l i m a n s u a m i t e r h a d a p i s t r i . P a d a
k o n d i s i s e p e r t i i n i , i s t r i b e r h a k m e n u n t u t p e r c e r a i a n s e t e l a h l e w a t e m p a t
b u l a n . S e b a b A l l a h b e r r m a n ,
a r t i n y a : B a g i s u a m i - s u a m i y a n g b e r s u m p a h t i d a k m e n c a m p u r i
i s t r i n y a , m a k a i s t r i m e n u n g g u s e l a m a e m p a t b u l a n . J i k a d i a
k e m b a l i d a l a m m a s a i t u k e p a d a i s t r i n y a , s e s u n g g u h n y a A l l a h
M a h a P e n g a m p u n l a g i P e n y a y a n g . J i k a d i a b e r n i a t u n t u k
m e n c e r a i k a n n y a , s e s u n g g u h n y a A l l a h M a l t a M e n d e n g a r l a g i
M e n g e t a h u i . ( Q S A l B a q a r a h : 2 2 6 - 2 2 7 ) .
M a k a h e n d a k n y a p a r a s u a m i t i d a k m e n z h a l i m i h a k - h a k i s t r i . R a s u l u l l a h
b e r s a b d a ,
T a k u t l a h k a l i a n b e r b u a t z h a l i m . S e s u n g g u h n y a , k e z h a l i m a n i t u
k e g e l a p a n p a d a h a r i k i a m a t .
2 6
J i k a m a s a e n i p a t b u l a n a k a n h e r a k h i r , s e l u i r u s n y a d i a r u j u ' k e p a d a i s t r i n y a ,
s e b a g a i m a n a d i a n j u r k a n A l l a h d a l a m r m a n N y a :
J i k a d i a k e m b a l i d a l a m m a s a i t u k e p a d a i s t r i n y a , s e s u n g g u h n y a
A l l a h M a h a P e n g a m p u n l a g i P e n y a y a n g . ( Q S A l B a q a r a h :
2 2 6 ) .
J i k a t i d a k r u j u ' , m a k a w a j i b a t a s n y a m e n c e r a i k a n i s t r i n y a , j i k a s i i s t r i
m e n u n t u t n y a . N a m u n , j i k a i s t r i s a b a r ( t i d a k m i n t a c e r a i , w a l a u p u n t e l a h
l e w a t e m p a t b u l a n ) , d e m i k e p e n t i n g a n a n a k a t a u p u n h a l l a i n n y a , m a k a
b o l e h s a j a s e l a m a d i r i n y a y a k i n t e r j a g a d a r i p e r b u a t a n h a r a m .
2 6
S h a h i h M u s l i m h a d i t s n o . 2 5 7 8 .
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I n s y a A l l a h d i a ( i s t r i ) a k a n m e n d a p a t k a n g a n j a r a n p a h a l a y a n g b e r l i p a t
g a n d a d a r i A l l a h , d e n g a n h a r a p a n s e m o g a s u a m i n y a k e l a k m e n d a p a t
p e t u n j u k d a r i A l l a h . A l l a h b e r r m a n , a r t i n y a :
B a r a n g s i a p a y a n g b e r t a g w a k e p a d a A l l a h , a k a n d i m u d a h k a n
b a g i n y a s e g a l a u r u s a n n y a . ( Q S A t h T h a l a q : 4 ) .
1 1 . M e r a s a t i d a k s e n a n g k a r e n a i s t r i m e l a h i r k a n a n a k p e r e m p u a n . K a r e n a
f a k t o r k e j a h i l a n , s e b a g i a n s u a m i m e n g a n c a m a k a n m e n c e r a i k a n i s t r i n y a ,
j i k a m e n d a p a t b a y i p e r e m p u a n .
S e b e n a r n y a w a j i b b a g i n y a b e r i m a n d e n g a n k e t e t a p a n A l l a h d a n t a k d i r N y a .
B a y i w a n i t a a t a u p u n p r i a i t u l a h i r a t a s k e h e n d a k N y a s e m a t a . A d a p u n
m a n u s i a , t i d a k b i s a m e m i l i h . A l l a h b e r r m a n ,
a r t i n y a : D a n R a b b - m u y a n g m e n c i p t a a p a - a p a y a n g
d i k e h e n d a k i N y a d a n m e m i l i h , t i d a k a d a h a k r n a n u s i a u n t u k
m e m i l i h . ( Q S A l Q a s h a s : 6 8 ) .
A l l a h j u g a b e r r m a n ,
a r t i n y a : D i a m e m b e r i k a n s i a p a - s i a p a y a n g d i k e h e n d a k i N y a
b a y i p e r e m p u a n , d a n m e m b e r i k a n s i a p a - s i a p a y a n g d i k e h e n -
d a k i N y a b a y i l a k i - l a k i , D i a j u g a y a n g m e n j a d i k a n s i a p a - s i a p a
y a n g d i k e h e n d a k i N y a m a n d u l . ( Q S A s y S y u r a : 4 9 - 5 0 ) .
1 2 . M u n c u l p e r a s a a n t i d a k s u k a t e r h a d a p i s t r i , k a r e n a s e l a l u m e m b a n d i n g k a n
i s t r i n y a d e n g a n w a n i t a l a i n y a n g l e b i h b a i k d a r i i s t r i n y a d a l a m a g a m a ,
a k h l a k , k e c a n t i k a n , i l m u , k e c e r d a s a n d a n s e b a g a i n y a .
A k h i r n y a , s u a m i m e n j a u h i i s t r i n y a t a n p a a d a s e b a b s y a r ' i , s e p e r t i : i s t r i
m e y e l e w e n g a t a u p u n m e n e n t a n g s u a m i . S e h a r u s n y a s u a m i b e r s a b a r a g a r
d i a b e r u n t u n g m e n d a p a t k a n j a n j i A l l a h ,
a r t i n y a : D a n b e r g a u l i l a h k e p a d a m e r e k a d e n g a n b a i k . B i s a j a d i
k a l i a n m e m b e n c i s e s u a t u , n a m u n A l l a h m e n j a d i k a n d i d a l a m n y a
k e b a i k a n y a n g b a n y a k . ( Q S A n N i s a : 1 9 ) .
D a l a m m e n a f s i r k a n a y a t i n i , I b n A b b a s b e r k a t a ,
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" S u a m i b e r l e m a h - l e m b u t t e r h a d a p i s t r i n y a , m a k a A l l a h m e m -
b e r i k a n k a r u n i a a n a k - a n a k y a n g b a i k - b a i k . "
l b n u K a t s i r b e r k a t a ,
" M u n g k i n s i k a p s a b a r k a l i a n d e n g a n t i d a k m e n c e r a i k a n i s t r i y a n g
t i d a k k a l i a n s u k a i , a k a n m e m b u a h k a n k e b a h a g i a n b a g i k a l i a n d i
d u n i a d a n a k h i r a t . "
I m a m A s y S y a u k a n i b e r k a t a ,
S e m o g a s i k a p b e n c i k a l i a n t e r h a d a p i s t r i , a k a n d i g a n t i k a n
A l l a h d e n g a n s i k a p c i n t a y a n g a k a n m e n d a t a n g k a n k e b a i k a n
y a n g b a n y a k , h u b u n g a n y a n g m e s r a a t a u p u n r e z e k i a n a k - a n a k .
R a s u l u l l a h b e r s a b d a :
" J a n g a n l a h s e s e o r a n g m e m b e n c i p a s a n g a n n y a . J i k a i a
b e n c i k e p a d a s a l a h s a t u s i k a p i s t r i n y a , p a s t i d a l a m h a l
l a i n i a a k a n r e l a . "
2 7
D i r i w a y a t k a n d a r i U m a r , d i a b e r k a t a ,
" S a n g a t s e d i k i t r u m a h t a n g g a y a n g d i b a n g u n d i a t a s c i n t a .
N a m u n , k e b a n y a k a n m a n u s i a b e r g a u l ( m e n i k a h i ) p a s a n g a n n y a
d e n g a n d a s a r I s l a m , m e n y a m b u n g n a s a b a t a u p u n u n t u k b e r b u a t
i h s a n . "
2 8
I b n u l A r a b i m e n y e b u t k a n d e n g a n s a n a d n y a d a n b e r k a t a ,
" A d a s e o r a n g s y a i k h y a n g d i k e n a l b e r i l m u d a n m e m i l i k i
k e d u d u k a n , b e r n a m a A b u M u h a m m a d I b n A b i Z a i d .
2 9
I s t r i n y a
b e r p e r a n g a i j e l e k , t i d a k m e n j a l a n k a n k e w a j i b a n n y a s e b a g a i i s t r i
d a n s e l a l u m e n y a k i t i s u a m i n y a d e n g a n l i d a h n y a .
O r a n g - o r a n g b a n y a k y a n g h e r a n d a n m e n c e l a s i k a p s a b a r n y a
t e r h a d a p s a n g i s t r i . J i k a d i t a n y a p e r i h a l s i k a p s a b a r n y a t e r h a d a p
i s t r i n y a , A b u M u h a m m a d s e l a l u b e r k a t a ,
2 7
S h a h i h M u s l i m h a d i t s n o . 1 4 9 .
2 8
A l M a ' r i f a h W a A t T a r i k h , k a r y a a l - F a s a w i 1 / 3 9 2 .
2 9
D i a a d a l a h A l Q a i y r u w a n i . p e n g a r a n g A r R i s a l a h ( w a f a t 3 8 6 ) .
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" A k u t e l a h d i b e r i k a n A l l a h b e r b a g a i m a c a m n i k m a t ,
b e r u p a : k e s e h a t a n , i l m u d a n b u d a k - b u d a k y a n g
k u m i l i k i .
M u n g k i n s i k a p j e l e k i s t r i k u t e r h d a p k u d i s e b a b k a n
h u k u m a n A l l a h k e p a d a k u , k a r e n a d o s a - d o s a k u . A k u
t a k u t , j i k a d i a k u c e r a i k a n a k a n t u r u n u j i a n k e p a d a k u
l e b i h b e r a t d a r i u j i a n p e r a n g a i i s t r i k u y a n g j e l e k . "
3 0
S e l a y a k n y a , i n i m e n j a d i p e l a j a r a n b e r h a r g a b a g i p a r a s u a m i . T i d a k l a h
m e n j a d i m a s a l a h , j i k a i a i n g i n m e n i k a h i w a n i t a l a i n s e b a g a i t a m b a h a n .
A l l a h b e r r m a n ,
N i k a h i l a h w a n i t a - w a n i t a y a n g b a i k - b a i k , d u a , t i g a a t a u p u n
e m p a t . ( Q S A n N i s a : 3 ) .
1 3 . K e c e n d e r u n g a n s u a m i k e p a d a s a l a h s a t u i s t r i n y a - j i k a m e m i l i k i l e b i h d a r i
s a t u - d e n g a n a l a s a n t a k u t b e r b u a t d o s a ; s e h i n g g a i a t e r p a k s a m e n c e r a i k a n
i s t r i y a n g k u r a n g d i s u k a i n y a .
D a l a m k o n d i s i s e p e r t i i n i , s e l a y a k n y a i s t r i y a n g a k a n d i c e r a i k a n b e r d a m a i
d e n g a n s u a m i n y a , s e b a g a i m a n a r m a n A l l a h , a r t i n y a :
J i k a s e o r a n g i s t r i t a k u t d i c e r a i k a n o l e h s u a m i n y a a t a u d i j a u h k a n ,
m a k a t i d a k m e n g a p a j i k a k e d u a n y a m e l a k s a n a k a n a s s u l h u
( d a m a i ) , d a n b e r d a m a i i t u l e b i h b a i k . ( Q S A n N i s a : 1 2 8 ) .
D a l a m m e n a f s i r k a n a y a t i n i , A i s y a h b e r k a t a ,
" S e o r a n g s u a m i m e l i h a t k e k u r a n g a n p a d a i s t r i y a n g t i d a k
d i s u k a i n y a , s e p e t t i : u s i a y a n g t e l a h t u a d a n s e b a b l a i n n y a . M a k a ,
i a b e r n i a t m e n c e r a i k a n n y a , n a m u n i s t r i m e m o h o n a g a r s u a m i
t i d a k m e n c e r a i k a n n y a , d a n s i a p m e n e r i m a a p a p u n p e r l a k u a n
s u a m i t e r h a d a p n y a . D e m i k i a n i n i l a h s o l u s i m e n g h i n d a r i
p e r c e r a i a n , j i k a k e d u a n y a s e p a k a t . "
3 1
3 0
A h k a m A l Q u r ' a n 1 / 3 6 3 .
3 1
S h a h i h A l B u k h a r i h a d i t s n o 2 6 9 4 .
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I b n A b b a s m e r i w a y a t k a n ,
" S a u d a h t a k u t R a s u l u l l a h m e n c e r a i k a n n y a ( k a r e n a i a t e l a h t u a ) .
K e m u d i a n i a b e r k a t a ,
' W a h a i R a s u l u l l a h , j a n g a n c e r a i k a n a k u . A k u s i a p
m e m b e r i k a n g i l i r a n k u u n t u k A i s y a h , '
m a k a R a s u l m e n e r i m a u s u l a n i t u d a n t u r u n l a h a y a t :
T i d a k m e n g a p a j i k a k e d u a n y a m e m b u a t k e s e p a k a t a n ,
d a n b e r d a m a i i t u l e b i h b a i k . "
3 2
R a ' I b n K h a d i j m e n c e r i t a k a n , b a h w a i a m e m i l i k i i s t r i y a n g
t e l a h t u a . K e m u d i a n i a m e n i k a h i w a n i t a l a i n y a n g m a s i h m u d a .
A k h i r n y a R a ' l e b i h c e n d e r u n g k e p a d a i s t r i y a n g m u d a .
M e l i h a t p e r l a k u a n R a ' , m a k a i s t r i n y a y a n g t e l a h t u a p r o t e s .
K e m u d i a n R a ' m e n j a t u h k a n t h a l a k s a t u . K e t i k a m a s a i d d a h n y a
a k a n b e r a k h i r , R a ' b e r k a t a k e p a d a n y a ,
" J i k a e n g k a u m a u , a k u a k a n r u j u ' k e p a d a m u ; d e n g a n
s y a r a t , e n g k a u r e l a ( d e n g a n ) p e r l a k u a n k u p a d a m u . J i k a
t i d a k , ( m a k a ) a k u a k a n m e m b i a r k a n h i n g g a i d d a h m u
s e l e s a i , d a n t i d a k r u j u ' p a d a m u , "
m a k a i s t r i n y a m e n j a w a b , " R u j u ' l a h , a k u a k a n b e r u s a h a s a b a r
d e n g a n s i k a p m u . S e t e l a h R a r u j u ' i a k e m b a l i p r o t e s d e n g a n
p e r l a k u a n R a ' k e p a d a n y a , m a k a R a ' m e m u t u s k a n u n t u k
m e n c e r a i k a n n y a . R a ' b e r k a t a ,
" I t u l a h m a k n a a s s u l h u y a n g t e l a h d i t u r u n k a n A l l a h
d a l a m r m a n N y a :
J i k a s e o r a n g i s t r i t a k u t d i c e r a i k a n o l e h s u a m i n y a
a t a u d i j a u h k a n , m a k a t i d a k m e n g a p a j i k a
k e d u a n y a m e l a k s a n a k a n a s s u l h u ( k e s e p a -
k a t a n ) , d a n b e r d a m a i i t u l e b i h b a i k "
3 3
3 2
S u n a n A t T i r m i d z i , h a d i t s n o 3 0 4 0 , T i r m i d z i b e r k a t a , " H a s a n g h a r i b . "
3 3
A l M u s t a d r a k 2 / 3 0 8 d a n d i s h a h i h k a n o l e h A l H a k i m d a n d i s e p a k a t i o l e h A d z D z a h a b i .
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J e l a s l a h m a k s u d p e n g e r t i a n s u l h u d a l a m a y a t , y a i t u i s t r i s l a p m e n e r i m a
a p a p u n y a n g d i b e r i k a n s u a m i k e p a d a n y a , w a l a u p u n h a r u s d e n g a n
m e n g u r a n g i s e b a g i a n h a k n y a , b e r u p a k e w a j i b a n s u a m i b e r m a l a m p a d a n y a
a t a u p u n n a f k a h .
H a l i n i d e m i m e n g h i n d a r i p e r c e r a i a n , d a n d i a t e t a p m e n j a d i i s t r i . K a r e n a
h a l i n i a k a n l e b i h b a i k b a g i n y a , d i b a n d i n g k a n h i d u p t a n p a s u a m i . A p a l a g i
j i k a d i a m e m i l i k i a n a k - a n a k d a r i s u a m i n y a , a t u p u n d i a t e l a h t u a d a n t a k u t
t e r h a d a p r e s i k o p e r c e r a i a n . I n g a t l a h r m a n A l l a h :
D a n b e r d a m a i i t u l e b i h b a i k . ( Q S A n N i s a : 1 2 8 ) .
1 4 . P e n y a k i t b e r k e p a n j a n g a n y a n g m e n i m p a s u a m i . T e r k a d a n g h a l i n i m e n j a d i
p e n y e b a b i s t r i m e n u n t u t c e r a i .
A n d a i s a j a i s t r i m a u b e r s a b a r d a n t e t a p m e r a w a t n y a d e n g a n m e n g h a r a p
b a l a s a n d a r i A l l a h , h a l i t u a k a n l e b i h b a i k b a g i n y a , s e b a g a i m a n a r m a n
A l l a h ,
S e s u n g g u h n y a o r a n g - o r a n g y a n g b e r s a b a r a k a n d i b e r i g a n j a r a n
y a n g t a k t e r h i n g g a . ( Q S A z - Z u m a r : 1 0 )
A k a n t e t a p i , j i k a d i r i n y a t a k u t a k a n t e r g e l i n c i r k e d a l a m p e r b u a t a n h a r a m
d e n g a n m e n y e l e w e n g , d i s e b a b k a n s a n g s u a m i t i d a k l a g i d a p a t m e l a y a n i
k e b u t u h a n b i o l o g i s n y a , ( m a k a ) d a l a m k o n d i s i s e p e r t i i n i , t i d a k m e n g a p a
d i a m e n u n t u t a g a r d i c e r a i k a n d e m i m e n j a g a a g a m a d a n k e s u c i a n d i r i n y a ;
m e m e l i h a r a p e r k a r a i n i m e r u p a k a n s e s u a t u y a n g w a j i b .
1 5 . S i k a p c u r i g a s u a m i t e r h a d a p i s t r i , a k i b a t p e n g a r u h b i s i k a n s y e t a n .
S e h a r u s n y a d i a b e r l i n d u n g k e p a d a A l l a h d a r i s y e t a n y a n g t e r k u t u k , d a n
t i d a k b e r p e r a s a n g k a b u r u k . A l l a h b e r r m a n , a r t i n y a :
W a h a i o r a n g - o r a n g b e r i m a n , j a u h i l a h p r a s a n g k a b u r u k , s e s u n g -
g u h n y a p r a s a n g k a b u r u k i t u a d a l a h d o s e s . ( Q S A l H u j u r a t :
1 2 ) .
S u a m i h a r u s s a d a r , b a h w a p e r k a r a y a n g p a l i n g d i u p a y a k a n s y e t a n i a l a h
m e m i s a h k a n a n t a r a d u a s u a m i i s t r i . D a l a m s e b u a h h a d i t s , R a s u l u l l a h
b e r s a b d a ,
1 9
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S e s u n g g u h n y a l b l i s m e l e t a k k a n k e r a j a a n n y a d i a t a s k e m u d i a n d i a
m e n g u r u s p a r e s t e n t a r a n y a . Y a n g p a l i n g t i n g g i k e d u d u k a n n y a
a d a l a h s y e t a n y a n g p a l i n g b e s a r t n a h n y a t e r h a d a p m a n u s i a .
S a l a h s a t u d a r i m e r e k a b e r k a t a k e p a d a I b l i s , " A k u t e l a h b e r b u a t
b e g i n i d a n b e g i n i , " l b l i s m e n j a w a b , " E n g k a u b e l u m b e r b u a t a p a -
a p a , " k e m u d i a n d a t a n g s y e t a n y a n g l a i n d a n b e r k a t a ,
" T i d a k l a h a k u m e n i n g g a l k a n s e s e o r a n g y a n g a k u g o d a ,
h i n g g a a k u b e r h a s i l m e m i s a h k a n d i a d e n g a n i s t r i n y a , "
m a k a I b l i s m e n d u d u k k a n n y a d i d e k a t n y a d a n b e r k a t a , ' E n g k a u
s e b a i k b a i k t e n t a r a k u . '
3 4
1 6 . S u a m i b e r a d a d i b a w a h k e k u a s a n i s t r i . P i n d a h n y a t a m p u k k e p e m i m p i n a n
r u m a h t a n g g a k e p a d a s a n g i s t r i , y a n g s e m e s t i n y a b e r a d a d i t a n g a n s u a m i .
P a d a h a l A l l a h b e r r m a n , a r t i n y a :
L e l a k i a d a l a h p e m i m p i n b a g i w a n i t a d e n g a n k e l e b i h a n y a n g A l l a h
l i m p a h k a n k e p a d a s e b a g i a n d a n ' m e r e k a d a n d e n g a n s e b a b
n a f k a h y a n g m e r e k a b e r i k a n ( k e p a d a i s t r i - i s t r i ) . ( Q S A n
N i s a : 3 4 )
I n i b i s a m u t l a k t e r j a d i , d i k a r e n a k a n k e l e m a h a n p r i b a d i s u a m i a t a u
a n g g a p a n n y a y a n g k e l i r u , b a h w a s i k a p n y a i t u s e b a g a i w u j u d p e n g h o r m a t a n
k e p a d a i s t r i n y a . S e h i n g g a k e t i k a i a s a d a r d a n i n g i n m e n g e m b a l i k a n
k e p e m i m p i n a n i t u k e p a d a n y a , t e r n y a t a i a t i d a k s a n g g u p . S e h i n g g a ,
a k h i r n y a b e r u j u n g p a d a p e r c e r a i a n .
S e m e n j a k m e n i k a h , s e o r a n g s u a m i h a r u s b e n a r - b e n a r s a d a r , b a h w a
k e p e m i m p i n a n r u m a h t a n g g a w a j i b b e r a d a d i t a n g g a n n y a . J a n g a n s a m p a i
r a s a c i n t a y a n g b e r l e b i h a n a t a u r a s a b a n g g a d a p a t m e n i k a h i w a n i t a
t e r s e b u t , a k h i r n y a m e m b u a t d i a l e m a h d i h a d a p a n i s t r i d a n b e r u j u n g
d e n g a n p e n y e s a l a n t a k b e r g u n a .
1 7 . S u a m i d a t a n g k e r u m a h i s t r i p a d a m a l a m h a r i s e t e l a h l a m a b e p e r g i a n t a n p a
p e m b e r i t a h u a n s e b e l u m n y a .
3 4
S h a h i h M u s l i m h a d i t s n o . 2 8 1 3 .
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H a l i n i t e r k a d a n g m e m b u a t n y a m e l i h a t h a l - h a l y a n g d i b e n c i n y a , k a r e n a i s t r i
d a l a m k e a d a a n t i d a k s i a p m e n y a m b u t n y a . R a s u l u l l a h b e r s a b d a ,
J i k a k a l i a n b e p e r g i a n l a m a , m a k a j a n g a n l a h k a l i a n m e n d a t a n g i
r u m a h i s t r i k a l i a n p a d a m a l a m h a r i .
3 5
D a l a m r i w a y a t l a i n d i s e b u t k a n ,
A g a r p a r a i s t r i y a n g l a m a d i t i n g g a l k a n b e r h i a s d e n g a n m e n y i s i r
r a m b u t d a n m e n c u k u r b u l u k e m a l u a n n y a .
3 6
S e l a y a k n y a s u a m i m e n d a t a n g i r u m a h i s t r i n y a p a d a s i a n g h a r i k e t i k a i a
p u l a n g d a r i b e p e r g i a n d a l a m m a s a y a n g l a m a , d a n d e n g a n m e m b e r i t a h u k a n
t e r l e b i h d a h u l u p e r i h a l k e p u l a n g a n n y a , i s t r i a g a r t i d a k t e r k e j u t .
1 8 . R u m a h t a n g g a y a n g d i b i n a a t a s d a s a r s u r a t - m e n y u r a t , a t a u p u n s a l i n g
b e r k o m u n i k a s i m e l a l u i t e l e p o n - y a n g p o p u l a r d e n g a n i s t i l a h p a c a r a n
s e b e l u m m e n i k a h .
M a h l i g a i r u m a h t a n g g a y a n g d i b a n g u n d i a t a s p o n d a s i k r o p o s s e p e r t i i n i ,
b i a s a n y a a k a n b e r u j u n g d e n g a n k e h a n c u r a n . A l l a h b e r r m a n , a r t i n y a :
A p a k a h s a m a o r a n g y a n g m e m b a n g u n p o n d a s i n y a d i a t a s
t a q w a d a n k e r i d h a a n A l l a h d e n g a n o r a n g y a n g m e m b a n g u n
p o n d a s i n y a d i a t a s j u r a n g n e r a k a , y a n g a k h i r n y a m e m b u a t n y a
t e r p e r o s o k k e n e r a k a J a h a n n a m ; s e s u n g g u h n y a A l l a h t i d a k
a k a n m e n u n j u k i o r a n g y a n g b e r b u a t k e z h a l i m a n . ( Q S A t
T a u b a h : 1 0 9 )
I b n S a ' d i b e r k a t a ,
S e s u n g g u h n y a s u a t u p e r b u a t a n y a n g d i k e r j a k a n d e n g a n i k h l a s
d a n m e n g i k u t i s u n n a h , i t u l a h m a k n a d i b a n g u n d i a t a s p o n d a s i
t a q w a y a n g a k a n m e m b u a h k a n s u r g a p e n u h k e n i k m a t a n .
A d a p u n p e r b u a t a n y a n g d i b a n g u n d i a t a s n i a t b u r u k , b i d ' a h d a n
k e s e s a t a n , i t u l a h p o n d a s i y a n g d i b a n g u n d i t e p i j u r a n g n e r a k a ,
3 5
S h a h i h A l B u k h a r i h a d i s n o . 5 2 4 4 , S a h i h M u s l i m h a d i s n o . 7 1 5 .
3 6
S h a h i h M u s l i m h a d i t s n o . 7 1 5 .
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y a n g m e m b u a t n y a t e r p e r o s o k k e d a l a m n e r a k a J a h a n n a m . D a n
A l l a h t i d a k a k a n m e m b i m b i n g o r a n g - o r a n g y a n g z h a l i m . "
3 7
S e m e s t i n y a l e l a k i y a n g h e n d a k m e l a m a r w a n i t a d a t a n g k e p a d a w a l i n y a , d a n
m e n d a t a n g i r u m a h d a r i p i n t u n y a , s e b a g a i m a n a r m a n A l l a h , a r t i n y a :
N a m u n k e b a j i k a n i t u a d a l a h o r a n g y a n g b e r t a q w a , d a n m a s u k i l a h
r u m a h - r u m a h m e l a u i p i n t u n y a . ( Q S A I B a q a r a h : 1 8 9 ) .
I b n S a ' d i b e r k a t a ,
" D a r i a y a t i n i d a p a t d i p e t i k m a n f a a t , b a h w a s e l a y a k n y a m a n u s i a
m a s u k d a l a m b e r b a g a i m a c a m u r u s a n d a r i j a l a n y a n g p a l i n g
m u d a h , d e k a t y a n g a k a n m e n g a n t a r k a n n y a s a m p a i k e p a d a
t u j u a n . "
3 8
P a r a w a n i t a j a n g a n s a m p a i t e r j e r u m u s k e p a d a h u b u n g a n h a r a m ( p a c a r a n )
y a n g m e n i p u ; a g a r t i d a k m e n g u n d a n g m u r k a R a b b - n y a y a n g a k a n
m e n d a t a n g k a n k e g a g a l a n d a l a m h i d u p n y a .
3 S e b a b P e r c e r a i a n K a r e n a F a k t o r I s t r i D a n
S o l u s i n y a
1 . I s t r i t i d a k m e l a k s a n a k a n k e w a j i b a n n y a t e r h a d a p s u a m i , d i s e b a b k a n k a r e n a
j a h i l , l a l a i , a t a u s e n g a j a m e n e n t a n g s y a r i ' a t A l l a h .
S e l a y a k n y a s e o r a n g i s t r i m e n g e t a h u i k e w a j i b a n n y a t e r h a d a p s u a m i d a n
t a k u t k e p a d a A l l a h . S e m o g a d e n g a n d e m i k i a n , h i d u p n y a a k a n b a h a g i a
d e n g a n k e r i d h a a n A l l a h d a n s u a m i t e r h a d a p n y a .
D i a n t a r a k e w a j i b a n i s t r i , y a k n i : m e n d e n g a r d a n p a t u h k e p a d a s u a m i ,
b e r h i a s d i r i d i h a d a p a n n y a , t i d a k m e m b u a t n y a m a r a h , t i d a k m e n o l a k
b e r h u b u n g a n j i k a d i a j a k s u a m i , m e n j a g a h a r t a d a n r u m a h s u a m i , s e r t a
m e m p e r g a u l i s u a m i d e n g a n c a r a y a n g b a i k .
3 7
T a f s i r I b n S a ' d i 2 / 2 8 9 .
3 8
I b i d 1 / 1 5 0 .
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2 . I s t r i y a n g t i d a k t a a t b e r s u a m i k a n p r i a y a n g s h a l i h . B a n y a k m a h l i g a i
p e r k a w i n a n y a n g h a n c u r b e r a n t a k a n , k a r e n a s a n g i s t r i s u l i t m e n i n g g a l k a n
k e b i a s a a n b u r u k n y a .
S e o r a n g i s t r i y a n g m e n d a p a t k a n s u a m i s h a l i h , s e l a y a k n y a b e r s y u k u r
d a n b e r u p a y a m e n g i k u t i j e j a k s u a m i n y a u n t u k d a p a t i s t i q a m a h d a l a m
b e r a g a m a .
S e h i n g g a a k a n m e n d a p a t k a n h i d u p t e n t r a m d a n b a h a g i a , d e n g a n i z i n
A l l a h . S e b a b k e b a h a g i a a n h a n y a a k a n d a t a n g , b i l a t a a t k e p a d a A l l a h .
S e b a g a i m a n a r m a n - N y a ,
B a r a n g s i a p a y a n g m e n g i k u t i p e t u n j u k K u , m a k a d i a t i d a k a k a n
p e r n a h t e r s e s a t a t a u p u n c e l a k a . ( Q S . T h a h a : 1 2 3 )
3 . M e n g a d u k a n b e r b a g a i m a c a m p e r m a s a l a h a n a n a k a t a u m e m b a n t a h s u a m i
y a n g s e d a n g m a r a h a t a u k e l e t i h a n . A k h i r n y a , t i d a k m u s t a h i l g e j o l a k
a m a r a h s u a m i s e m a k i n m e n j a d i d a n t i d a k m u s t a h i l a k a n m e n c e r a i k a n n y a .
S e o r a n g i s t r i d i t u n t u t u n t u k m e n g e r t i k o n d i s i s u a m i . T i d a k p e r l u
m e l a p o r k a n p e r m a s a l a h a n r u m a h t a n g g a k e p a d a n y a k e t i k a k o n d i s i n y a t i d a k
t e p a t .
J i k a l a u h a r u s m e n g a d u k a n b e r b a g a i m a s a l a h , h e n d a k l a h d e n g a n c a r a l e m a h
l e m b u t h i n g g a s u a m i d a p a t m e n g e r t i d a n m e m a h a m i y a n g d i i n g i n k a n
o l e h n y a . J a n g a n l a h s e o r a n g i s t r i m e m b a k a r k e m a r a h a n s u a m i d e n g a n
m e n d e b a t n y a k e t i k a s u a m i s e d a n g m a r a h .
4 . N u s y u z ( m e n e n t a n g s u a m i ) d a n s i k a p b u r u k i s t r i .
F a k t o r i n i b a n y a k m e m b u n u h p e r a s a a n c i n t a d i a n t a r a k e d u a n y a d a n
m e n j a d i p e n y e b a b m e n j a u h n y a s u a m i .
D a l a m m e n y i k a p i n u s y u z i s t r i , A l l a h T a ' a l a t e l a h m e m b e r i k a n c a r a y a n g
p a l i n g e f e k t i f u n t u k m e n j a g a t e r u r a i n y a t a l i p e r n i k a h a n . A l l a h b e r r m a n ,
D a n p a r a i s t r i y a n g d i k h a w a t i r k a n a k a n b e r b u a t n u s y u z t e r h a d a p
s u a m i n y a , m a k a n a s e h a t i l a h m e r e k a , j a u h i r a n j a n g m e r e k a ,
d a n p u k u l l a h m e r e k a . T e t a p i j i k a m e r e k a p a t u h t e r h a d a p
k a l i a n , j a n g a n l a h m e n c a r i - c a r i a l a s a n u n t u k b e r b u a t y a n g
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m e l a m p a u i b a t a s t e r h a d a p m e r e k a . S e s u n g g u h n y a A l l a h
M a h a T i n g g i d a n M a h a B e s a r . ( Q S . A n - N i s a : 3 4 )
P a r a s u a m i h a r u s n y a m e n g a m b i l l a n g k a h - l a n g k a h i n i s e b a g a i t e r a p i . T i d a k
l a y a k b a g i s u a m i t e r l a m p a u c e p a t m e n j a t u h k a n t h a l a k .
L a n g k a h p e r t a m a , s u a m i d i h a r a p k a n m e n a s e h a t i i s t r i n y a d e n g a n b a i k - b a i k .
J i k a t e r n y a t a l a n g k a h i n i t i d a k e f e k t i f , m a k a s u a m i m e n e m p u h l a n g k a h
k e d u a , y a i t u p i s a h r a n j a n g .
J i k a l a n g k a h i n i t e r n y a t a t e t a p t i d a k b e r g u n a , m a k a s u a m i d i p e r b o l e h k a n
m e n g a m b i l l a n g k a h t e r a k h i r , y a i t u m e m u k u l n y a d e n g a n p u k u l a n y a n g t i d a k
m e n i n g g a l k a n b e k a s . L a n g k a h i n i s e b a g a i s a l a h s a t u s a r a n a m e n d i d i k ,
b u k a n u n t u k m e n y a k i t i . S e m o g a A l l a h d a p a t m e n u n j u k i n y a d e n g a n c a r a
t e r a k h i r i n i .
5 . I s t r i t i d a k m e n c i n t a i s u a m i .
K e t i k a i s t r i m e r a s a m u s t a h i l d a p a t h i d u p b e r d a m p i n g a n d e n g a n s u a m i d a n
m e r a s a t i d a k a k a n d a p a t b e r s i k a p r a m a h , m a k a d i p e r b o l e h k a n b a g i n y a
u n t u k m e n u n t u t k h u l u '
3 9
s e b a g a i s o l u s i t e r a k h i r , k e t i k a i s t r i m e r a s a y a k i n
a k a n b e r b u a t m a k s i a t d a n t i d a k d a p a t m e n j a l a n k a n k e w a j i b a n n y a .
D a l a m k o n d i s i s e p e r t i i n i , t i d a k a d a j a l a n l a i n , k e c u a l i m e m i s a h k a n a n t a r a
k e d u a n y a . A l l a h b e r r m a n ,
J i k a k a l i a n k h a w a t i r k e d u a n y a t i d a k l a g i d a p a t m e n j a l a n k a n
h u k u m A l l a h , t i d a k m e n g a p a b a g i k e d u a n y a m e m b u a t
k e s e p a k a t a n d e n g a n c a r a i s t r i m e m b a y a r s e j u m l a h t e b u s a n
( a g a r s u a m i n y a m e n c e r a i k a n n y a ) . ( Q S . A l - B a q a r a h : 2 2 9 ) .
I b n u A b b a s m e r i w a y a t k a n ,
I s t r i T s a b i t i b n Q o i s d a t a n g m e n g h a d a p R a s u l u l l a h d a n
b e r k a t a ,
3 9
K h u l u ' c e r a i d e n g a n s y a r a t m e m b a y a r s e j u m l a h u a n g a t a u p u n h a r t a .
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S e s u n g g u h n y a s e d i k i t p u n a k u t i d a k m e n e m u k a n c e l a
p a d a s u a m i k u T s a b i t . D i a b a i k d a r i s e g i a g a m a n y a
m a u p u n s i k a p n y a p a d a k u . N a m u n a k i t i d a k s a n g g u p
h i d u p d e n g a n n y a .
R a s u l u l l a h b e r k a t a p a d a n y a ,
M a u k a h e n g k a u m e n g e m b a l i k a n k e b u n n y a y a n g
d i b e r i k a n n y a p a d a m u ( s e b a g a i m a h a r ) ?
D i a m e n j a w a b , Y a .
4 0
6 . I s t r i m e n u n t u t c e r a i k a r e n a m a r a h t e r h a d a p s u a m i y a n g d i s e b a b k a n p e r k a r a
k e c i l . A t a u d i s e b a b k a n s u a m i m e n i k a h l a g i .
A t a u m u n g k i n a d a n y a p i h a k t e r t e n t u y a n g m e n g a d u d o m b a d a n m e m e c a h -
b e l a h k e d u a n y a d e n g a n m e n y e b a r k a n b e r i t a b o h o n g t e n t a n g s u a m i n y a .
A t a u b i s a j a d i b e r i t a i t u b e n a r , t e t a p i s e b e n a r n y a b u k a n s e s u a t u y a n g
m e l a n g g a r s y a r i ' a t .
S e o r a n g i s t r i t i d a k l a y a k m e n u n t u t c e r a i k a r e n a p e r k a r a - p e r k a r a s e p e r t i
t e r s e b u t d i a t a s , k a r e n a R a s u l u l l a h b e r s a b d a ,
W a n i t a m a n a s a j a y a n g m e n t u n t u c e r a i d a r i s u a m i n y a t a n p a
a d a k e s a l a h a n y a n g d i p e r b u a t n y a , m a k a A l l a h m e n g h a r a m k a n
b a g i n y a m e n c i u m b a u S u r g a .
4 1
S e o r a n g i s t r i j a n g a n m u d a h t e r m a k a n i s u - i s u p a r a p e n g a d u d o m b a . K a r e n a
d a p a t m e m b a h a y a k a n d i r i n y a , s u a m i m a u p u n a n a k - a n a k n y a ; a p a l a g i
m e m u t u s k a n t a l i p e r n i k a h a n , t a n p a a d a s e b a b n y a , m a k a h a l i t u d i h a r a m k a n
s e b a g a i m a n a s a b d a R a s u l u l l a h ,
T i d a k b o l e h m e m b a h a y a k a n d a n t i d a k b o l e h d i b a h a y a k a n .
4 2
4 0
S h a h i h B u k h a r i , h a d i t s n o . 5 2 7 5 .
4 1
S u n a n A t - T i r m i d z i , h a d i t s n o . 1 1 8 7 . T i r m i d z i b e r k a t a , " H a d i t s i n i h a s a n . " S u n a n A b u
D a w u d , h a d i t s n o . 2 2 2 6 . S u n a n I b n M a j a h , h a d i t s n o . 2 0 5 5 .
4 2
M u w a a t t h a ' I m a m M a l i k 2 / 7 4 5 , A l - M u s t a d r a k 2 / 5 8 , d a n A l - H a k i m b e r k o m e n t a r ,
" S h a h i h s e s u a i s y a r a t M u s l i m . " D a n A n - N a w a w i m e n g h a s a n k a n n y a d a l a m A r b a ' i n
N a w a w i y a h , h a l a m a n 6 1 .
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7 . P e r m i n t a a n i s t r i a g a r s u a m i m e n c e r a i k a n s a l a h s a t u m a d u n y a .
S u a m i t i d a k b o l e h m e n u r u t i k e m a u a n i s t r i n y a , k a r e n a h a l i n i m e r u p a k a n
t o l o n g m e n o l o n g d a l a m k e j a h a t a n . A l l a h T a ' a l a b e r r m a n ,
J a n g a n l a h k a l i a n s a l i n g t o l o n g - m e n o l o n g d a l a m d o s a d a n
p e r b u a t a n y a n g m e l a m p a u i b a t a s . ( Q S . A l - M a i d a h : 2 )
R a s u l u l l a h b e r s a b d a ,
J a n g a n l a h s e o r a n g i s t r i m e n u n t u t s u a m i n y a u n t u k m e n c e r a i k a n
m a d u n y a a g a r d a p a t m e n g o s o n g k a n i s i b e j a n a n y a .
4 3
D a l a m r i w a y a t l a i n n y a , k e t i k a N a b i m e n y e b u t k a n b e b e r a p a p e r k a r a y a n g
t e r l a r a n g ,
S e s e o r a n g w a n i t a a k a n d i n i k a h i m e m i n t a s y a r a t ( a g a r s u a m i )
m e n c e r a i k a n i s t r i n y a .
4 4
T e r d a p a t d a l a m r i w a y a t l a i n d e n g a n l a f a d z ,
T i d a k h a l a l b a g i s e o r a n g w a n i t a m e n u n t u t s u a m i , a g a r
m e n c e r a i k a n m a d u n y a u n t u k m e n g o s o n g k a n p i r i n g n y a ( t i d a k
d i b e r i n a f k a h l a g i ) . S e s u n g g u h n y a b a g i a n n y a t e l a h d i t e n t u k a n
u n t u k n y a .
4 5
8 . I s t r i d i t i m p a p e n y a k i t y a n g b e r k e p a n j a n g a n a t a u p u n t e l a h l a m a m e n i k a h ,
n a m u n b e l u m j i g a m e m b u a h k a n k e t u r u n a n .
D a l a m k o n d i s i s e p e r t i i n i , s e l a y a k n y a s u a m i t e t a p m e m p e r t a h a n k a n n y a
s e b a g a i b e n t u k p e n g h o r m a t a n d a n b a l a s a n k e s e t i a a n n y a s e l a m a p e r n i k a h a n
m e r e k a .
S o l u s i n y a , m u n g k i n s a j a b a g i s u a m i u n t u k m e n i k a h l a g i . A d a p u n m a s a l a h
b e l u m m e n d a p a t k a n k e t u r u n a n , m u n g k i n j u g a d i s e b a b k a n k e m a n d u l a n
s u a m i .
4 3
S h a h i h B u k h a r i , h a d i t s n o . 2 1 4 0 ; S h a h i h M u s l i m h a d i t s n o . 1 4 0 8 .
4 4
S h a h i h B u k h a r i , h a d i t s n o . 2 7 2 7 ; S h a h i h M u s l i m h a d i t s n o . 1 5 1 5 .
4 5
S h a h i h B u k h a r i , h a d i t s n o . 5 1 5 2 ; S h a h i h M u s l i m h a d i t s n o . 1 4 0 8 .
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D a n j i k a t e r n y a t a d i s e b a b k a n i s t r i , m a k a t i d a k l a y a k b a g i s u a m i
m e n i n g g a l k a n n y a . S e h a r u s n y a d i a m e m a k l u m i d a n t e t a p m e m p e r g a u l i n y a
d e n g a n b a i k . S e b a b A l l a h b e r r m a n ,
S e s u n g g u h n y a A l l a h t i d a k a k a n m e n y i a - n y i a k a n g a n j a r a n o r a n g
y a n g b e r b u a t k e b a j i k a n . ( Q S . A l - A ' r a f : 1 7 0 )
9 . I s t r i y a n g t i d a k q o n a ' a h ( m e n e r i m a a p a y a n g a d a ) , a t a u t e r l a m p a u b a n y a k
m e n u n t u t h a l - h a l y a n g s e b e t u l n y a t i d a k b e g i t u p e n t i n g k e p a d a s u a m i .
A p a l a g i k o n d i s i k e u a n g a n s u a m i y a n g m e m a n g t i d a k m e n g i z i n k a n .
T u n t u t a n s e p e r t i i n i , b i a s a n y a a k a n m e l a h i r k a n p e r t e n g k a r a n , a t a u s i k a p
j e n u h s u a m i , y a n g t i d a k m u s t a h i l b e r a k h i r d e n g a n p e r c e r a i a n u n t u k d a p a t
m e l e p a s k a n d i r i d a r i h i m p i t a n t u n t u t a n s a n g i s t r i .
S a n g i s t r i , s e l a y a k n y a s e l a l u r e l a d e n g a n a p a y a n g d i b e r i k a n s u a m i d a n
t i d a k m e n u n t u t m a c a m - m a c a m , k e c u a l i m e m a n g s a n g a t d i b u t u h k a n n y a .
T e r l e b i h l a g i j i k a m e m a n g p e r e k o n o m i a n s u a m i t i d a k m e n d u k u n g , i n i a k a n
m e m b u a t b a h t e r a p e r k a w i n a n a k a n l e b i h b e r t a h a n l a m a . S e o r a n g p e n y a i r
4 6
b e r k a t a ,
T e r i m a l a h a p a - a p a y a n g t e l a h k u b e r i k a n
4 7
,
e n g k a u a k a n m e m p e r o l e h c i n t a k u s e l a m a n y a
J a n g a n l a h e n g k a u b e r b i c a r a k e t i k a e m o s i k u
4 8
m e l u a p
S e o r a n g i s t r i t i d a k b o l e h t e r p e d a y a d e n g a n p e r h i a s a n d u n i a y a n g f a n a i n i ,
s e b a g a i m a n a r m a n A l l a h ,
D a n t i d a k l a h k e h i d u p a n d u n i a i n i , m e l a i n k a n k e s e n a n g a n y a n g
m e m p e r d a y a . ( Q S . A l i I m r a n : 1 8 5 ) .
R a s u l u l l a h b e r s a b d a ,
4 6
Y a i t u A s m a I b n K h a r i j a h A n - N a z a r i , L i h a t l a h a , " M a s y a h i d A l - I n s h a f ' A l a S y a w a h i d
A l - K a s y y a f " k a r y a A l - M a r z u q i , h a l a m a n 9 .
4 7
H a r t a y a n g d i b e r i k a n s u a m i k e p a d a I s t r i d i l u a r
d a r i k e w a j i b a n n a f k a h y a n g d i b e r i k a n .
4 8
K e k e r a s a n a t a u p u n g e j o l a k a m a r a h .
L i h a t A l - M u ' j a m A l - W a s i t h h l m . 4 6 2 .
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B e r b a h a g i a l a h o r a n g y a n g t e l a h m a s u k I s l a m , d i b e r i k a n A l l a h
r i z q i y a n g c u k u p d a n d i a q o n a ' a h ( r e l a m e n e r i m a ) a t a s a p a - a p a
y a n g d i b e r i k a n A l l a h p a d a n y a .
4 9
D a l a m r i w a y a t l a i n ,
J a n g a n l a h s e l a l u m e n d a t a n g i o r a n g - o r a n g k a y a . H a l i t u a k a n
m e m b u a t k a l i a n t i d a k m e n g h i n a d a n m e n c e l a n i k m a t y a n g
d i b e r i k a n A l l a h k e p a d a k a l i a n .
5 0
R a s u l u l l a h j u g a b e r s a b d a ,
L i h a t l a h k e p a d a o r a n g - o r a n g y a n g d i b a w a h k a l i a n ( l e b i h m i s k i n ) ,
d a n j a n g a n l a h m e l i h a t k e p a d a o r a n g - o r a n g y a n g b e r a d a d i a t a s
k a l i a n ( y a n g l e b i h k a y a ) . H a l i t u a k a n m e m b u a t k a l i a n t i d a k
m e n g h i n a k a r u n i a y a n g d i b e r i k a n A l l a h ( M u a w i y a h m e n g a t a k a n : )
k e p a d a k a l i a n .
5 1
4 9
S h a h i h M u s l i m , h a d i t s n o . 1 0 5 4 .
5 0
A l - M u s t a d r a k 4 / 3 1 2 . H a k i m b e r k a t a , " S h a h i h i s n a d . " d a n A d z D z a h a b i m e n y e p a k a t i n y a .
5 1
S h a h i h B u k h a r i , h a d i t s n o . 6 4 9 0 . S h a h i h M u s l i m , h a d i t s n o . 2 9 6 3 .