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SMK LOHANPEPERIKSAAN AKHIR TAHUN TINGKATAN 4 2014
CHEMISTRY
Paper 2
Time :
Class : Marks :
This question paper consists of threesections: Sectio A! Sectio " andSectio C.
Kertas soalan ini mengandungi ti#abahagian: "aha#ia A! "aha#ia "dan "aha#ia C.
Sectio A
Bahagian A
[60 marks
[60 markah
!ns"er a$$ questions in this section.
Jawab %e&'asoalan dalam bahagian ini.
#. Dia$ram %elo" sho"s the chemical formulae of t"o o&ides.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan formula kimia bagi dua oksida.
Dia$ram'Rajah
(a) *tate the names of these t"o metal o&ides.
Nyatakan nama dua oksida logam ini.
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(%) *tate the properties of these t"o metal o&ides.
Nyatakan sifat dua oksida logam ini.
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(c) (i) -rite the formulae of all the ions in Na,.
Tuliskan semua formula ion dalamNa,.
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(ii) /&plain ho" each of these ions is formed.
Jelaskan bagaimana setiap ion ini terbentuk.
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[, marks', markah(iii)*tate oe chemical propert of Na,.
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Nyatakan %at'sifat kimiaNa,.
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(d) *tate oe special propert of !l,1.
Nyatakan %at'sifat istimewa !l,1.
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,. The sm%ols of the elements and the proton num%ers are listed %elo". 2se these sm%ols to ans"er the
questions.
Simbol bagi unsur-unsur dan nombor proton disenaraikan di bawah. unakan simbol ini untuk menjawab
soalan.
Na&e
Nama
S(&)o$
Simbol
Proto '&)er
Nombor proton
!luminium!luminium
!l #1
3hosphorus
"osforus3 #4
Chlorine
KlorinCl #5
!r$on
!rgon!r #
3otassium
Kalium7 #8
9anadium
#anadium9 ,1
ron
"erum;e ,6
Copper
KuprumCu ,8
Ta%le'Jadual
(a) *tate an element that is produced % the reduction of its o&ide "ith coke.
Nyatakan unsur yang dihasilkan oleh penurunan oksidanya dengan kok.
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(%) i=e the sm%ol of a nonmetal that is used to sterilise "ater.
%erikan simbol bukan logam yang digunakan untuk mensterilkan air.
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[# mark'markah(c) Name an element that reacts "ith "ater to $i=e an alkaline solution. -rite an equation for this reaction.
Namakan unsur yang bertindak balas dengan air untuk menghasilkan larutan beralkali. Tuliskan
,
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persamaan untuk tindak balas ini.
Name:
Nama: ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
/quation:
&ersamaan: $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
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(d) This element is one of the plant nutrients. -rite do"n its sm%ol and its electronic confi$uration.
'nsur ini merupakan suatu nutrien tumbuhan. Tuliskan simbol dan konfigurasi elektroniknya.
*m%ol:
Simbol: $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
(le)troni)s )onfiguration:
Konfigurasi elektronik: $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
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(e) The o&ide of this element is used as a catalst in the Contact 3rocess.
*ksida unsur ini digunakan sebagai pemangkin dalam &roses Sentuh.
i. Name the o&ide of the element.
Namakan oksida bagi unsur ini.
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1. (a) (i) The electron arran$ement of the sodium is ,..#. -h is this element =er reacti=e?
Konfigurasi elektron bagi natrium adalah ,..#.Kenapa unsur ini sangat reaktif?
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(ii) Name one other element in $roup # that is more reacti=e than sodium.
Namakan satu unsur lain dalam kumpulan #yang lebih reaktif dari natrium.
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(%) ! chlorine atom "ith an electron arran$ement of ,..5 is unsta%le. Dia$ram sho"s a chlorine molecule that
is formed %et"een t"o chlorine atoms.
!tom klorin dengan konfi gurasi elektron ,..5 adalah tidak stabil. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan molekul
klorin yang terbentuk antara dua atom klorin.
Dia$ram'Rajah
(i) Dra" a @e"is structure to sho" the formation of a chlorine molecule.
+ukiskan struktur +ewis yang menunjukkan pembentukan molekul klorin.
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(ii) Name the tpe of %ond in the chlorine molecule.
Namakan ikatan yang terbentuk di dalam molekul klorin
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(c) (i) The electron arran$ement of element A is ,.., and the electron arran$ement of element B is ,.6. Name
the force that e&ists %et"een these t"o elements if the form a compound.
Konfigurasi elektron bagi A adalah ,.., dan konfigurasi elektron bagi B adalah ,.6.Namakan daya
yang terbentuk antara dua elemen ini apabila ia membentuk sebatian.
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(ii) -rite the possi%le ions of A and B.
Tuliskan ion yang mungkin bagi A dan B.
A: +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
B: +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
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(d) Dia$ram %elo" sho"s the formula of a compound that is formed %et"een t"o elements and B (the
letters used are not the actual sm%ols of the elements).
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan formula bagi sebatian yang terbentuk antara unsur dan B (abjad yang
digunakan tidak mewakili simbol sebenar unsur).
Dia$ram'Rajah
-hich $roups of elements do and B %elon$ to?
Kumpulan yang manakah diwakili oleh dan B?
: +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
B: ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++[, marks', markah
. (a) A $rams of sodium hdro&ideE NaFE are dissol=ed in distilled "ater to produce ,.0 mol dmG1standard
solution of NaF in #00 cm1. Dia$ram ! sho"s apparatus needed for the process.
Agram natrium hidroksidaE NaF dilarutkan dalam air suling untuk menghasilkan ,.0 mol dmG1 larutan
piawai
NaF dalam #00 cm1.Rajah! menunjukkan set alat radas yang diperlukan untuk proses tersebut.
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Dia$ram !'Rajah !
(i) *tate the meanin$ of a standard solution.
Nyatakan apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan larutan piawai.
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(ii) *tate a reason "h a =olumetric flask is more suita%le to %e used in the preparation of the standard
solution rather than a %eaker.Nyatakan mengapa kelalang isipadu lebih sesuai digunakan dalam penyediaan larutan piawai
berbanding bikar.
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(iii)Calculate A "hich is the num%er of $rams of NaF that are needed to prepare a standard solution of
0., mol dmG1NaF.
Kirakan AgramNaFyang diperlukan untuk menyediakan 0., mol dmG1larutan piawaiNaF.
[, marks', markah
(%) Dia$ram H sho"s the apparatus set up for the titration of sulphuric acid "ith potassium hdro&ide.
The results that are o%tained are $i=en in Ta%le %elo".
Rajah H menunjukkan set alat radas untuk pentitratan asid sulfurik dengan kalium hidroksida. Keputusan
yang diperolehi diberikan di dalam Jadual di bawah.
Dia$ram H'Rajah H
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Re%'$t%*Keputusan
Ta%le'Jadual
(i) *tate the meanin$ of the end point of a titration.
Nyatakan maksud titik akhir tindak balas peneutralan.
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(ii) *tate the chan$e in the colour of the methl oran$e at the end point.
Nyatakan perubahan warna metil oren pada titik akhir.
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(iii)-hat is the a=era$e =olume of sulphuric acid used?
%erapakah isi padu purata asid sulfurik yang digunakan,
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(i=)-rite an equation for the reaction %et"een potassium hdro&ide and sulphuric acid.
Tuliskan persamaan tindakbalas antara kalium hidroksida dan asid sulfurik.
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$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
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(=) Calculate the concentration of the sulphuric acid used if the concentration and =olume of the potassium
hdro&ide solution used are #.,4 mol dmG1and ,0 cm1respecti=el.
Kirakan kepekatan asid sulfurik yang digunakan jika kepekatan dan isi padu kalium hidroksida yang
digunakan masing-masing adalah#.,4 mol dmG1dan ,0 cm1.
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[, marks', markah
4. Dia$ram %elo" sho"s the structure of atom 3.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan struktur bagi atom 3.
Dia$ram'Rajah
(a)NameI
NamakanI
(i) the particle J.
arahJ.
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(ii) the particle * .
arah *.
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(%)*tate the tpe of char$e on each tpe of particle present in atom 3.
Nyatakan jenis )as pada setiap arah yang hadir dalam atom 3.
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[# mark'markah
(c)f the atomic mass of atom 3 is 5E ho" man particles of J are there in the nucleus?
Jika jisim atom 3 ialah 5E berapakah bilangan arah J di dalam nukleus?
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++[# mark'markah
(d)(i) n "hich $roup of the periodic ta%le "ill ou place atom 3?
i dalam kumpulan yang manakah anda akan letakkan atom 3?
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[# mark'markah
(ii) n "hich period of the periodic ta%le "ill ou place atom 3?
i dalam kala yang manakah anda akan letakkan atom 3?
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(e)-rite the electronic arran$ement of atom 3.
Tuliskan susunan elektron bagi atom 3.
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(f) dentif atom 3.
Kenalpasti atom 3.
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($)(i) 3redict the electrical conducti=it of element 3.
Teka kekonduksian elektrik bagi unsur atom 3.
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(ii) /&plain our ans"er to (i).
Terangkan jawapan anda pada (i).
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6. Dia$ram %elo" sho"s the setup of an electroltic cell. Heaker contains a components of a simple chemical cell
"hereas electrolsis takes place in Heaker .
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan susunan radas bagi satu sel elektrokimia. %ikar / mengandungi komponen sel kimia
ringkas sementara proses elektrolisis berlaku di dalam %ikar //.
D!J!M'R!J!0
(a)*tate the chan$es in ener$ in Heaker and Heaker .
Nyatakan perubahan tenaga di dalam %ikar / dan %ikar //.
Heaker '%ikar /
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Heaker '%ikar //
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
$
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(%)-hich metal is the ne$ati=e terminal in Heaker ?
+ogam yang manakah ialah terminal negatif di dalam %ikar /,
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$
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(c)(i) *tate the process occurred in the copper electrode in Heaker .
Nyatakan proses yang berlaku di dalam elektrod kuprum di dalam %ikar.
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[# mark'# markah
(ii) -hat "ould ou o%ser=e at the sil=er electrode in Heaker ?
!pakah yang kamu dapat perhatikan pada elektrod argentum di dalam bikar /,
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[# mark'# markah
(d)-rite equations for reactions "hich occurred at anode and cathode in Heaker .
Tuliskan persamaan bagi tindak balas yang berlaku di anod dan katod di dalam %ikar //.
!node'!nod:
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
$
[# mark'# markah
Cathode'Katod:
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
$
[# mark'# markah
(e)(i) -hat happens to the =oltmeter readin$ "hen the ma$nesium electrode in Heaker is replace "ith Kinc
electrode?
!pakah yang berlaku pada ba)aan 1oltmeter apabila elektrod magnesium di dalam bikar / digantikan
dengan elektrod ink,
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$
[# mark'# markah
(ii)/&plain our reasons in (e) (i).
Terangkan alasan kamu di 2e3 2i3.
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Sectio "
Bahagian "
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!ns"er an oe questions from this section.
Jawab mana-mana %at'soalan daripada bahagian ini.
5. The ta%le sho"s the proton num%ers and nucleon num%ers of three elements 7E @ and M.Jadual berikut menunjukkan nombor proton dan nombor nukleon bagi unsur-unsur 7E @ dan M.
Ta%le'Jadual
(a) /&plain ho" the position of element 7 in the 3eriodic Ta%le of /lement can %e determined.Terangkan bagaimana kedudukan unsur K dalam Jadual %erkala 'nsur dapat ditentukan.
[4 marks'markah
(%) The reacti=it of elements 7E @ and M increases from 7 to M. i=e a reason for this.
Ke)ergasan unsur-unsur 7E @ dan M berkurangan dari 7 ke M.%erikan sebabnya.
[4 marks'markah
(c) (i) Discuss ho" elements 7E @ and M should %e handled and stored in the la%orator.
Terangkan bagaimana mengendali dan menyimpan unsur-unsur K4 + dan 5 di dalam makmal.
[ marks'markah
(ii) Descri%e %riefl the reactions of element @ "ith "ater and "ith chlorine. Bour description should
include the o%ser=ationsE the names of the products and chemical equations for the reactions.Terangkan se)ara ringkas tindak balas antara unsur + dengan air dan klorin. Keterangan anda perlu
meliputi pemerhatian4 nama hasil tindak balas dan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas yang berlaku.
[6 marks'markah
. (a) *tate "hat is meant % electrolsis.
Nyatakan apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan elektrolisis.
[, marks', markah
(%) Dia$ram sho"s t"o tpes of cell.
Rajah menunjukkan dua jenis sel.
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Dia$ram'Rajah
(i) Descri%e three differences %et"een cell 3 and cell .
nclude the follo"in$ in our ans"er:
for the reactions at the electrodes in %oth cells.
Terangkan ti#aperbeaan antara sel 3 dan sel .
5asukkan perkara berikut dalam jawapan anda:
L the o%ser=ationE
pemerhatian
L half equation.
persamaan setengah bagi tindak balas pada elektrod-elektrod dalam kedua-dua sel.
[6 marks'6 markah
(ii) /&plain "h the reactions that occur in cell 3 and cell are redo& in terms of the loss of electrons.
Terangkan mengapa kedua-dua tindak balas yang berlaku dalam Sel 3 dan Sel adalah tindak balas
redoks dari segi kehilangan elektron.
[ marks' markah
(c) Desi$n an e&periment to electroplate an iron ke "ith copper
Bour ans"er should consist of the follo"in$:
Reka satu eksperimen untuk menyadur kun)i besi dengan kuprum
Jawapan kamu mestilah mengandungi perkara berikut:
L the chemicals requiredE
L bahan kimia yang diperlukan
L the procedure of the e&periment set upE
Lprosedur menjalankan eksperimen
L a dia$ram sho"in$ the of apparatus set up
L rajah menunjukkan susunan radas
L the chemical equation in=ol=ed in the reactionLpersamaan kimia yang terlibat dalam tindak balas ini
[ marks' markah
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Sectio C
Bahagian C
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!ns"er an oe questions from this section.
Jawab mana-mana %at'soalan daripada bahagian ini.
8. (a) -hat is meant % empirical formula?
!pakah yang dimaksudkan dengan formula empirik,
[# mark'markah
(%) car%on compound contains 8,.1 of car%on and 5.5 of hdro$en % mass. The relati=e molecular mass
of this compound is 5.
;ind the molecular formula of this compound.
Satu sebatian karbon mengandungi 8,.1 karbon dan5.5 hidrogen per jisim. Jisim molekul relatif
untuk sebatian ini ialah5.
6ari formula molekul untuk sebatian ini.
[Jelati=e atomic mass: CE #, FE #[Jisim atom relatif: CE #, FE #
[4 marks'markah
(c) Descri%e ho" ou could determine the empirical formula of ma$nesium o&ide in the la%orator. Bour
description should include
Terangkan bagaimana anda dapat menentukan formula empirik bagi magnesium oksida di dalam makmal.
&enerangan anda perlu merangkumi
L the procedure of the e&periment
prosedur eksperimen
L ta%ulation of the results penjadualan keputusan
L the calculation of the results
pengiraan keputusan
[Jelati=e atomic mass: E #6 M$E ,
[Jisim atom ralatif: E #6 M$E ,
[# marks'markah
#0. (a) Dia$ram ! sho"s the states of chlorine and neon "hich e&ist at room temperature.
Rajah ! menunjukkan keadaan klorin dan neon yang wujud pada suhu bilik.
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Dia$ram !'Rajah !
(i) i=e the electron confi$urations of chlorine and neonE then determine their positions in the periodic
ta%le.
%erikan susunan elektron bagi klorin dan neon4 kemudian tentukan lokasi kumpulan mereka dalam
Jadual %erkala 'nsur.
[ marks'markah
(ii) /&plain "h chlorine element e&ists in the form of diatomic molecules at room temperatureE %ut neon
e&ists as monatomic molecules.
0uraikan mengapakah unsur klorin wujud dalam bentuk molekul dwiatom di dalam suhu bilik4 tetapi
neon wujud dalam bentuk molekul monoatom. [6 marks'markah
(%) Dia$ram H sho"s that the chan$es in the chemical properties of the elements in t"o different $roups of the
periodic ta%le are different "hen $oin$ do"n the $roups.
Rajah H menunjukkan perubahan sifat kimia yang berbea bagi dua kumpulan yang berbea semasa
menuruni kumpulan.
Dia$ram H'Rajah H
/&plain.
Terangkan.
[#0 marks'markah
7/JT!* *!@!N T!M!T
#1