baca betul -betul apa soalan nak…) jangan senaraikan spt v.i.r, p.v.i.{ingat pada nombor . tanya...

NOTA RINGKAS SCIENCE PMR

Nota ringkas ini bukanlah siap sepenuhnya. Jika ada tokok tambahNota ringkas ini bukanlah siap sepenuhnya. Jika ada tokok tambahNota ringkas ini bukanlah siap sepenuhnya. Jika ada tokok tambahNota ringkas ini bukanlah siap sepenuhnya. Jika ada tokok tambahccccikikikikgu akan masukkan ke dalam gu akan masukkan ke dalam gu akan masukkan ke dalam gu akan masukkan ke dalam A dalam Sains PMRA dalam Sains PMRA dalam Sains PMRA dalam Sains PMR

1. 2. 3.

4. 5.

6. 7. 8. 9.

10.

11.

12.13.

14.15.

16.17.

18.

19.20.21.

22.

23.24.25.


Nota ringkas ini bukanlah siap sepenuhnya. Jika ada tokok tambahNota ringkas ini bukanlah siap sepenuhnya. Jika ada tokok tambahNota ringkas ini bukanlah siap sepenuhnya. Jika ada tokok tambahNota ringkas ini bukanlah siap sepenuhnya. Jika ada tokok tambahgu akan masukkan ke dalam gu akan masukkan ke dalam gu akan masukkan ke dalam gu akan masukkan ke dalam

A dalam Sains PMRA dalam Sains PMRA dalam Sains PMRA dalam Sains PMR

Apa yang ditanya Baca soalan dan fikirkan soalan itu dibawah tajuk APA? Pemahaman

External caliper Different/beza

Observation Unicellular Multicellular CELL

Cell Animal

CHEEK CELL SALAH

Plant Onion cell salah

C.T.O.S11. Matter

a. Has massb. Occupies space

12. Matter Experiment

a. Blue copper (ii) sulphateb. Purple Potassium permanganate crystal diffuse ic. Reddish

14. K-Melting, 15. M-Condensation,

16. Density = Mass/volume17. Denser

susun tanpa mengira solid, liquid atau gas. Air batu terapung kenapa?

19. Resources 20. Element21. Metal �

A, B, C,22. SOLID

23. Element 24. Kinetic energy (min) , potential energy (max) & kinetic energy (max), potential energy (min)25. Compound

a. H2O –


Nota ringkas ini bukanlah siap sepenuhnya. Jika ada tokok tambahNota ringkas ini bukanlah siap sepenuhnya. Jika ada tokok tambahNota ringkas ini bukanlah siap sepenuhnya. Jika ada tokok tambahNota ringkas ini bukanlah siap sepenuhnya. Jika ada tokok tambahgu akan masukkan ke dalam gu akan masukkan ke dalam gu akan masukkan ke dalam gu akan masukkan ke dalam

A dalam Sains PMRA dalam Sains PMRA dalam Sains PMRA dalam Sains PMR dan dan dan dan `

pa yang ditanya, JAWAPAN ada dalam soalan.Baca soalan dan fikirkan soalan itu dibawah tajuk APA?

emahaman kertas 2

External caliper – internal caliper = exDifferent/beza – mesti tulis apa beza kedua

Observation – jangan senaraikanUnicellular – amoeba, paramecium, Multicellular

CHEEK CELL

Cell membraneNucleusCytoplasm

Onion cell

Cell wallChloroplastVacuoleNucleusCell membrane

S.O ? simple Matter Has mass Occupies space

Matter – state – solid, liquid, gaseousExperiment - Arrange of particlesBlue copper (ii) sulphatePurple Potassium permanganate crystal diffuse iReddish-brown bromine gas diffuses quickly into air ……

Melting, L-boiling, Condensation, J

Density = Mass/volumeDenser – sink & Less denser susun tanpa mengira solid, liquid atau gas.Air batu terapung kenapa? Resources – element, compound, mixtures.Element – one type of particles (metal & non

� heat – expandC, I, Z, I

SOLID � LIQUID Absorb heat absorb

Element – 3 state (solid, liquid, gaseous)Kinetic energy (min) , potential energy (max) & kinetic energy (max), potential energy (min)Compound – two or more

– water (hydrogen + oxygen)


Nota ringkas ini bukanlah siap sepenuhnya. Jika ada tokok tambahNota ringkas ini bukanlah siap sepenuhnya. Jika ada tokok tambahNota ringkas ini bukanlah siap sepenuhnya. Jika ada tokok tambahNota ringkas ini bukanlah siap sepenuhnya. Jika ada tokok tambahgu akan masukkan ke dalam gu akan masukkan ke dalam gu akan masukkan ke dalam gu akan masukkan ke dalam nota ringkasnota ringkasnota ringkasnota ringkas

`straight A in PMRstraight A in PMRstraight A in PMRstraight A in PMRNOT@ RINGK@s

, JAWAPAN ada dalam soalan.Baca soalan dan fikirkan soalan itu dibawah tajuk APA?

kertas 2 i. ii.

internal caliper = exmesti tulis apa beza kedua

jangan senaraikanamoeba, paramecium,

– fish, rabbit, hydra,

Part Cell membrane

ucleus ytoplasm

Cell wall hloroplast acuole ucleus

Cell membrane

simple � complex (cell, tissue, organ, system, organization)

solid, liquid, gaseousArrange of particles

Blue copper (ii) sulphate diffuse into gel Purple Potassium permanganate crystal diffuse i

brown bromine gas diffuses quickly into air ……

boiling, L-evaporationJ-freezing, –

Density = Mass/volume - Less denser –

susun tanpa mengira solid, liquid atau gas.Air batu terapung kenapa? Volume expand

element, compound, mixtures.one type of particles (metal & non

expand, particles vibrate faster, space between particles increasealuminium, brass, copper, iron, zinc, invar (expand decending order)

LIQUID � GASESAbsorb heat absorb heat

(solid, liquid, gaseous)Kinetic energy (min) , potential energy (max) & kinetic energy (max), potential energy (min)

two or more type of particles, chemically combinedhydrogen + oxygen)


Nota ringkas ini bukanlah siap sepenuhnya. Jika ada tokok tambahNota ringkas ini bukanlah siap sepenuhnya. Jika ada tokok tambahNota ringkas ini bukanlah siap sepenuhnya. Jika ada tokok tambahNota ringkas ini bukanlah siap sepenuhnya. Jika ada tokok tambahnota ringkasnota ringkasnota ringkasnota ringkas `

straight A in PMRstraight A in PMRstraight A in PMRstraight A in PMR’’’’ NOT@ RINGK@s

, JAWAPAN ada dalam soalan.Baca soalan dan fikirkan soalan itu dibawah tajuk APA?

label fungsi

internal caliper = ex-in/2 = thicknessmesti tulis apa beza kedua

jangan senaraikan yg negativeamoeba, paramecium, euglena, yeast, chlamydomonas

fish, rabbit, hydra, bird,

Control substance in/out of the cell.Control all activities in the Place chemical process occur. JellyTo protect, maintain shapeContain chlorophyllContain cell sap & excretory product

(cell, tissue, organ, system, organization)

solid, liquid, gaseous

into gel – show the solid gel are arrange close together.Purple Potassium permanganate crystal diffuse into water ….. fairly close together

brown bromine gas diffuses quickly into air ……

evaporation, P,N-sublimation– release heat

formula seg

float (liquid or solid)susun tanpa mengira solid, liquid atau gas.

Volume expandelement, compound, mixtures.

one type of particles (metal & non, particles vibrate faster, space between particles increase

aluminium, brass, copper, iron, zinc, invar (expand decending order)

GASES

(solid, liquid, gaseous) Kinetic energy (min) , potential energy (max) & kinetic energy (max), potential energy (min)

type of particles, chemically combined

Nota ringkas ini bukanlah siap sepenuhnya. Jika ada tokok tambahNota ringkas ini bukanlah siap sepenuhnya. Jika ada tokok tambahNota ringkas ini bukanlah siap sepenuhnya. Jika ada tokok tambahNota ringkas ini bukanlah siap sepenuhnya. Jika ada tokok tambah`sciencesciencesciencescience’ ’ ’ ’ PMRPMRPMRPMR

NOT@ RINGK@s SCIENCE’ PMR

, JAWAPAN ada dalam soalan. (baca betulBaca soalan dan fikirkan soalan itu dibawah tajuk APA?

- mesti tulis nama dulu baru fungsi ……..in/2 = thickness

mesti tulis apa beza kedua-dua alat/experiment/observation …..

yg negative (bukan, tidak)

yeast, chlamydomonas, fern, mucor, spirogyra,

Control substance in/out of the cell.Control all activities in the Place chemical process occur. JellyTo protect, maintain shapeContain chlorophyllContain cell sap & excretory product


show the solid gel are arrange close together.to water ….. fairly close together

brown bromine gas diffuses quickly into air …… loosely arranged

sublimation release heat

formula segitiga spt V.I.R, P.V.I.{(liquid or solid) INGAT pada nombor

Volume expand. Tanya cikgu bagaimana? Nak tulis payah…

element, compound, mixtures. one type of particles (metal & non-metal)

, particles vibrate faster, space between particles increasealuminium, brass, copper, iron, zinc, invar (expand decending order)

GASES � release heat release heat

Kinetic energy (min) , potential energy (max) & kinetic energy (max), potential energy (min)type of particles, chemically combined

CIKGU Z@

Nota ringkas ini bukanlah siap sepenuhnya. Jika ada tokok tambahNota ringkas ini bukanlah siap sepenuhnya. Jika ada tokok tambahNota ringkas ini bukanlah siap sepenuhnya. Jika ada tokok tambahNota ringkas ini bukanlah siap sepenuhnya. Jika ada tokok tambah,,,, PMRPMRPMRPMR iniiniiniini. Semoga semua . Semoga semua . Semoga semua . Semoga semua

`SCIENCE’ PMR

baca betul-betul apa soalan nak…)Baca soalan dan fikirkan soalan itu dibawah tajuk APA?

mesti tulis nama dulu baru fungsi ……..in/2 = thickness

dua alat/experiment/observation …..

(bukan, tidak), yg tak Nampak, yg tak dpt dirasai ……yeast, chlamydomonas, plurococus

fern, mucor, spirogyra, moss

FunctionControl substance in/out of the cell.Control all activities in the cell. Place chemical process occur. JellyTo protect, maintain shape Contain chlorophyll Contain cell sap & excretory product


show the solid gel are arrange close together.to water ….. fairly close together

loosely arranged

– absorb heat

, P.V.I.{Power (watt)=Voltage (V ) x Current

INGAT pada nombor

Tanya cikgu bagaimana? Nak tulis payah…


LIQUID � release heat release heat

Kinetic energy (min) , potential energy (max) & kinetic energy (max), potential energy (min)type of particles, chemically combined

CIKGU Z@IDI-SMK DATO` AHMAD MAHER

sila emailkan kepada csila emailkan kepada csila emailkan kepada csila emailkan kepada c. Semoga semua . Semoga semua . Semoga semua . Semoga semua

betul apa soalan nak…)

mesti tulis nama dulu baru fungsi ……..


, yg tak Nampak, yg tak dpt dirasai ……, plurococus

moss

Function Control substance in/out of the cell.

Place chemical process occur. Jelly-like substance contain nutrient.

Contain cell sap & excretory product

show the solid gel are arrange close together.

absorb heat

Power (watt)=Voltage (V ) x Current

INGAT pada nombor besar dibawah dan kecil di atas. Perlu

Tanya cikgu bagaimana? Nak tulis payah…


SOLID release heat release heat

Kinetic energy (min) , potential energy (max) & kinetic energy (max), potential energy (min)

SMK DATO` AHMAD MAHER

sila emailkan kepada csila emailkan kepada csila emailkan kepada csila emailkan kepada c. Semoga semua . Semoga semua . Semoga semua . Semoga semua pelajar pelajar pelajar pelajar MAHER dapat MAHER dapat MAHER dapat MAHER dapat




, yg tak Nampak, yg tak dpt dirasai ……

like substance contain nutrient.

Power (watt)=Voltage (V ) x Current (A)}

besar dibawah dan kecil di atas. Perlu

, particles vibrate faster, space between particles increase



sila emailkan kepada csila emailkan kepada csila emailkan kepada csila emailkan kepada cikikikikgu dan gu dan gu dan gu dan MAHER dapat MAHER dapat MAHER dapat MAHER dapat



, yg tak Nampak, yg tak dpt dirasai ……

like substance contain nutrient.

)} lihat no 94 besar dibawah dan kecil di atas. Perlu

, particles vibrate faster, space between particles increase



gu dan gu dan gu dan gu dan MAHER dapat MAHER dapat MAHER dapat MAHER dapat


26.

27.28.

29.

30.

31.

32.

33.34.35.

36.


b. CO2 –c. HN3 –

26. Compound can be separated Copper chloride Compound electrolysis element element

27. Mixture28. Separating mixture

separating funnel, evaporation & sublimation

Black/dull

Sumber haba Reading of thermometer

30. Variablea. Keep constantb. manipulatedc. responding variable

31. Metal Properties a. Shiny/hardb. Malleablec. Ductiled. Very Hard e. High melting point f. Good conductor of heatg. Good conductor of electricityh. Density

32. CARBON (non metal) tetapi conduct electricity…SULPHUR (non metal) tetapi tidak conduct electricity… ingat..

33. Resources 34. Solubility 35. A.B.C.

expand)36. DIFFERENT

a. sodium bicarbonateb. sodium hydroxide solutionc. potassium hydroxide solutiond. Soda Limee. hydrogen carbonate indicatorf. bicarbonate indicatorg. blue litmus solutionh. anhydrous calcium chloridei. acidified potassium manganate (VII)

gas… lime water pun boleh guna)

j. acidified potassium dichromate (VII)k. potassium manganate crystal (VII)


– carbon dioxide (carbon + oxygen)

– Ammonia (hydrogen + nitrogen)

Compound can be separated

Copper chloride --------Compound electrolysis element element

Mixture - more two type of particles, physically combinedSeparating mixture separating funnel, evaporation & sublimation

Black/dull -

Reading of thermometer

Variable Keep constant/fix/controlmanipulated responding variable

Metal Properties Shiny/hard Malleable – shaped/bent/pull

Ductile – dawai Very Hard -Solid High melting point Good conductor of heatGood conductor of electricityDensity – high

CARBON (non metal) tetapi conduct electricity…SULPHUR (non metal) tetapi tidak conduct electricity… ingat..Resources – S, W, A, M, L.T, Fossil fuel Solubility – size of solute, stirring, temper

.I.Z.I. – (most expand) aluminium, brassexpand) DIFFERENT sodium bicarbonatesodium hydroxide solutionpotassium hydroxide solutionSoda Lime hydrogen carbonate indicatorbicarbonate indicatorblue litmus solutionanhydrous calcium chlorideacidified potassium manganate (VII)gas… lime water pun boleh guna)

acidified potassium dichromate (VII)potassium manganate crystal (VII)


carbon dioxide (carbon + oxygen)

Ammonia (hydrogen + nitrogen)

Compound can be separated – electricity (chemically process)

------------------�Compound electrolysis element element

more two type of particles, physically combinedSeparating mixture – sifting (tapisseparating funnel, evaporation & sublimation

good absorber

Luar Increase

/fix/control - -

responding variable -

/bent/pull

(except mercury)

High melting point (except mercury)

Good conductor of heat Good conductor of electricity

CARBON (non metal) tetapi conduct electricity…SULPHUR (non metal) tetapi tidak conduct electricity… ingat..

S, W, A, M, L.T, Fossil fuel size of solute, stirring, temper

(most expand) aluminium, brass

sodium bicarbonate sodium hydroxide solution potassium hydroxide solution

hydrogen carbonate indicator bicarbonate indicator blue litmus solution anhydrous calcium chloride acidified potassium manganate (VII)gas… lime water pun boleh guna) acidified potassium dichromate (VII)potassium manganate crystal (VII)


electricity (chemically process)

� copper + chlorine Compound electrolysis element element

more two type of particles, physically combinedtapis, sieve-ayak)

separating funnel, evaporation & sublimation

good absorber

-

malar/disamakan manipulasi / berubah hasil akhir experiment

- -

-

(except mercury)

-

CARBON (non metal) tetapi conduct electricity…SULPHUR (non metal) tetapi tidak conduct electricity… ingat..

S, W, A, M, L.T, Fossil fuel –size of solute, stirring, temperature of solvent, volume of solute

(most expand) aluminium, brass

- - -

acidified potassium manganate (VII)

acidified potassium dichromate (VII) potassium manganate crystal (VII)

electricity (chemically process)

copper + chlorine Compound electrolysis element element

more two type of particles, physically combinedayak). Magnetic, distillation, filtration, decantation,

separating funnel, evaporation & sublimation (iodine, naphthalene)

+

HITAM

malar/disamakan manipulasi / berubahhasil akhir experiment

NNON METALdull surfacenon-malleablenot ductile

low densityCARBON (non metal) tetapi conduct electricity…rod dlm electrolysis of water

SULPHUR (non metal) tetapi tidak conduct electricity… ingat..– coal, natural gas, petroleum

ature of solvent, volume of solute(most expand) aluminium, brass (Loyang), copper, iron, zinc, invar

- supply CO- absorb CO- absorb CO- absorb COtest presence of COtest presence of COtest presence of CO- absorb water vapour - test presence of

– to test - supply oxygen

CIKGU Z@

electricity (chemically process) called electrolysis

more two type of particles, physically combined . Magnetic, distillation, filtration, decantation,

(iodine, naphthalene)

good radiator

HITAM -

- manipulasi / berubah - hasil akhir experiment /yg nak dicari/diukur

NON METAL propertiessurface malleable

low density lm electrolysis of water

SULPHUR (non metal) tetapi tidak conduct electricity… ingat.. coal, natural gas, petroleum

ature of solvent, volume of solute, copper, iron, zinc, invar

supply CO2 absorb CO2 - very soluble

absorb CO2 absorb CO2

test presence of CO2 (redtest presence of CO2 (redtest presence of CO2 (blue

absorb water vapourtest presence of

to test sulphur dioxidesupply oxygen –


called electrolysis

. Magnetic, distillation, filtration, decantation, (iodine, naphthalene).

good radiator

Dalam Decrease

keep the same changed

/yg nak dicari/diukurproperties

lm electrolysis of water

ature of solvent, volume of solute , copper, iron, zinc, invar (alloy) (least

very soluble and SODA

red to yellow red to yellow blue to red- acid)

absorb water vapour test presence of sulphur dioxide

sulphur dioxide – orange– chp 6 F3


called electrolysis :

. Magnetic, distillation, filtration, decantation,

good radiator (pemancar cahaya)

alam ecrease

keep the same changed (yg diubah)

/yg nak dicari/diukur - measured

(least

SODA LIME (spt gambar atas)

- acid) lihat experiment

- acid) acid) lihat text book

sulphur dioxide – purple to colourless

orange to green


. Magnetic, distillation, filtration, decantation,

pemancar cahaya)

measured

(spt gambar atas)

experiment rokok

lihat text book form 3

purple to colourless (acid

green



37.

38.

39.

40.

41.

42.


l. dilute sulphuric acid m. dilute hydrochloric acidn. distillation o. chlorination p. boiling q. decomposerr. fungi s. bacteriat. water displacement method u. conduction v. convection w. radiationx. condensationy. sublimation /

37. Pipette Burette –

38. REPLACE

a. Sensitivity 39. Jus gaster

a. dilute hydrochloric acidb. enzyme

i. renimii. pepsin

40. DIGESTION 1. mouth 2. stomach3. small intestine

41. Deficiency a. Vi tamin Cb. Vitamin Dc. Iron d. Proteine. Fiber/H

42. VERSEa. Weightb. Air pressure (HP c. REFLECTION VS REFRACTIONd. short-sightedness vs longe. monocular f. warm blooded vs cold blooded g. hydrotropism, phototropism, geotropih. exhalation vs inhalation

i. acid vs alkali

j. evaporation vs boilingk. melting vs dilute l. OPTICAL ILLUSION


dilute sulphuric acid dilute hydrochloric aciddistillation chlorination boiling decomposer

bacteria water displacement method conduction convection radiation condensation sublimation /pemejalwapan (

Pipette – measure fixed/specific volume 10cm– measure accurate 0.1cm

REPLACE - Sodium - Benedict

Sensitivity of skinus gaster dilute hydrochloric acidenzyme

renim - pepsin -

DIGESTION mouth stomach small intestine

Deficiency tamin C -

Vitamin D - -

Protein - Fiber/H2O -

VERSE eight (Newton)

Air pressure (HP �REFLECTION VS REFRACTION

sightedness vs longmonocular vision warm blooded vs cold blooded hydrotropism, phototropism, geotropiexhalation vs inhalation

acid vs alkali (ingat pH atau masam/

evaporation vs boilingmelting vs dilute (lebur & cOPTICAL ILLUSION -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


dilute sulphuric acid - electrolysis dilute hydrochloric acid - kill bacteria in food

- kill microorganism in water - kill microorganism in water - kill microorgani - bacteria & fungi – decompose dead plant – decompose dead animal

water displacement method – heat flow through - heat flow through - heat flow through - changing gas to liquid

pemejalwapan (solid changes directly into gas without melting first and vise versa)

measure fixed/specific volume 10cmmeasure accurate 0.1cm

odium Hydroxide Benedict – Fehling solution (

of skin - Thickness of the epidermis

dilute hydrochloric acid – kill bacteria in food

coagulate milkdigests protein

- starch - protein

small intestine - protein - starch - Fat

scurvy – bleeding gumrickets (weak bones)anaemia (pucatkwashiorkor constipation

ton) vs mass (Kg)� LP) VS water pressure (turgidy of cell)

REFLECTION VS REFRACTIONsightedness vs long-sightedness

vision vs stereoscopic vision warm blooded vs cold blooded hydrotropism, phototropism, geotropiexhalation vs inhalation ) ingat

raTA TArik

(ingat pH atau masam/

evaporation vs boiling (temperature, whole/only surface ….)

(lebur & cair)-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


electrolysis –kill bacteria in foodkill microorganism in waterkill microorganism in waterkill microorganibacteria & fungidecompose dead plantdecompose dead animal

- heat flow through solidheat flow through liquid or gaseousheat flow through lightchanging gas to liquid

solid changes directly into gas without melting first and vise versa)

measure fixed/specific volume 10cmmeasure accurate 0.1cm3

ydroxide Solution Fehling solution (

Thickness of the epidermis

kill bacteria in food

coagulate milk digests protein

starch protein protein starch Fat

bleeding gumrickets (weak bones) anaemia (pucat)

kor – stunted growthconstipation

(Kg) LP) VS water pressure (turgidy of cell)

REFLECTION VS REFRACTION sightedness figure

vs stereoscopic vision (kebaikan pada monocular kelemahan pada stereoscopic dan sebaliknya)

warm blooded vs cold blooded – warm – body temperature remain constant/not change with surrounding temperature

hydrotropism, phototropism, geotropism, thigmotropism. (Thoracic Cavity berhubung songsang dgn air pressure)

raTA TArik - diaphgram

(ingat pH atau masam/pahit) HURUF

(temperature, whole/only surface ….)

air) ………kehidupan harian

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

– more/betterkill bacteria in food (stomach)kill microorganism in waterkill microorganism in waterkill microorganism in waterbacteria & fungi decompose dead plant decompose dead animal

siphon ..? check ……solid – thumbtacks at the rod fall off

liquid or gaseouslight – vacuum

changing gas to liquid - distillation solid changes directly into gas without melting first and vise versa)

measure fixed/specific volume 10cm3, 25cm3

olution ---- Potassium Fehling solution (test presence of glucose

Thickness of the epidermis b. number of receptor

kill bacteria in food

- liquid milk � peptone

- amylase (saliva)- pepsin- protease- amylase- lipase

bleeding gum A.D.E.K.

stunted growth

LP) VS water pressure (turgidy of cell)

figure – beza short/long

kebaikan pada monocular kelemahan pada stereoscopic dan sebaliknya)

body temperature remain constant/not change with surrounding temperature

sm, thigmotropism. (Thoracic Cavity berhubung songsang dgn air pressure)

diaphgram HURUF ACID ALKALI

(temperature, whole/only surface ….)

kehidupan harian -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

CIKGU Z@

more/better conduct electricity(stomach)

kill microorganism in water remove suspended substances & dissolves substances

kill microorganism in water sm in water

decompose dead animal check …… apa beza????

thumbtacks at the rod fall off

liquid or gaseous –sea breeze, land breeze (night)

vacuum - sun

solid changes directly into gas without melting first and vise versa)3, 50cm3

otassium Hydroxide test presence of glucose

b. number of receptor

liquid milk �

peptone

amylase (saliva)pepsin protease - amylase - lipase -

A.D.E.K. - vitamin soluble in

LP) VS water pressure (turgidy of cell)

beza short/long kebaikan pada monocular kelemahan pada stereoscopic dan sebaliknya)


sm, thigmotropism. – move toward

(Thoracic Cavity berhubung songsang dgn air pressure)

KALI ---------------------------------

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14(temperature, whole/only surface ….)

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------�


conduct electricity

remove suspended substances & dissolves substances

apa beza????thumbtacks at the rod fall off C.A.I.B.G

, land breeze (night)

solid changes directly into gas without melting first and vise versa) ex iodine crystal change to purple iodine vapour when heated

ydroxide Solution (absorb COtest presence of glucose) & Egg white

b. number of receptor

� solid milk

amylase (saliva)

amino glucose fatty acid + glyserol

vitamin soluble in fat

kebaikan pada monocular kelemahan pada stereoscopic dan sebaliknya)


move toward stimuli, nastic movement

(Thoracic Cavity berhubung songsang dgn air pressure): inhale

---------------------------------

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14



apa beza???? C.A.I.B.Glass.

, land breeze (night)

ex iodine crystal change to purple iodine vapour when heated

olution (absorb COEgg white – albumen

solid milk

amino acid glucose fatty acid + glyserol

B.C. - vitamin soluble in

kebaikan pada monocular kelemahan pada stereoscopic dan sebaliknya) body temperature remain constant/not change with surrounding temperature

stimuli, nastic movement – move away

: inhale – TC increase, AP decrease

---------------------------------+--------------------------------

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14



ex iodine crystal change to purple iodine vapour when heated

olution (absorb CO2) albumen

fatty acid + glyserol

vitamin soluble in water


move away

TC increase, AP decrease

--------------------------------

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14


-------------------------------- 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

NOTA RINGKAS SCIENCE PMR CIKGU Z@IDI-SMK DATO` AHMAD MAHER

m. heat vs temperature i. heat is energy ii. temperature is the degree of hotness or coldness

n. incident ray vs reflected ray ….. cara kira sudut mesti dari Normal line o. hydrochloric acid vs dilute sulphuric acid p. bright room to dark room (pupil yang berubah…kecil/besar)

43. FACTOR a. Short-sightedness & Long-sightedness - 2 factors– eye ball is too long/short, eye lens is too thick/thin b. balance diet - 5 – sex, occupation….. c. evaporation - 3 – wind, surface ar ea, temperature d. air pressure - 3 – volume of gas, size of container, temperature e. buoyancy of water – ability to move/float in water f. TURGID – water in it is exerting pressure outwards in all direction (turgidity of water) g. AQUATIC PLANTS – erect in water because they are supported by the buoyancy of water h. Stability - 4 – centre of gravity, base area ………. i. Exchange of gases efficient in alveolus - 3 thin, many blood capillary, …………. j. Diffusion end product of digestion (villi) - k. Lung damage - 3 l. Transpiration - 5 light, temperature, humidity, air movement, surface area m. Magnitude of force – nature (rougher), weight. Except – size of surface contact (base area contact) can measure using S.B.

44. SAME NAME a. 3 bones - ossicles - hammer, anvil, stirrup b. Water – water vapour c. Fat layer – subcutaneous layer – adipose layer

45. SAME FUNCTION a. Bennedict - Fehling - test presence of glucose b. Albumen - egg white - protein

46. TAKE CARE a. Combustion - carbon + oxygen -----� CO2 + heat energy + light energy

Hydrocarbon/alcohol -� CO2 + water + heat + light energy b. Lime juice - air limau – acid – litmus paper blue to red c. Lime water - air kapur – alkali- (calcium hydroxide solution pH 12.5) d. Soda lime - absorb Carbon Dioxide e. Yellow spot - ………………. Blind spot - ……………………. f. Aquous humour - …………….. Vitreous humuor - …………………. g. Convex lens - ……………….. Concave lens - ……………………. h. Pupil - control light entering the eye (anak mata) Iris - control size of pupil (mata hitam luar)

i. Platypus – mammal salamander - ……………………. Shark - ?…………………….

j. Milk of magnesia (alkali), fresh Milk (acid)

k. Prey –predator betul, predator-prey salah l. Lever ….. Kelas 1 – salah ….

47. Check? a. Semi circular canal - not involve in hearing - to balance body b. Eusthian tube - not involve in hearing - to balance both side of the ear/AIR PRESSURE c. Liver - produce bile – stored at gall bladder d. Pancreas - produce 3 type of enzyme (Protease, Amylase, Lipase)

48. SENSITIVITY OF THE SKIN – 1. Thickness of the epidermis 2. Number of receptor present

49. SENSITIVITY OF THE NOSE -1. Strength of smell 2. Presence of mucus

50. AIR PRESSURE - H.P.� L.P. 51. INTERACTION – symbiosis (commensalism, mutualism, parasitism), prey-predator, competition


52.

53.54.55.

56.

57.

58.

Name of indicator

Universal indicator•


Commensalism 52. CHARACTERISTICS

a. Image form in the retinab. Tropismc. First class,

53. Resovoir 54. (cleanest) 55. TEST

a. Test acid

1.2.3.

b. Test alkali1.2.3.

c. Test glucose d. Test protein e. Test starch f. Test fat g. Test water h. Test water

56. Test presence of starcha. Boil leafb. Boil in alcohol/ethanolc. Place in hot waterd. Iodine

57. PURPOSEa. 370 C b. Chlorinec. dilute hydrochloric acid d. Chloridee. Lime (slaked lime)f. Alum (aluminum Sulphate)

g. Anhydrous h. Phenolphthalein i. universal j. anhydrous copper sulphate k. universal indicator

58. Indicator

Name of indicator

Litmus paperPhenolphthaleinmethyl Orange

Universal indicator• Phenolphthalein


Commensalism – bird`s nest

CHARACTERISTICSImage form in the retinaTropism First class, second class, third class leve

Resovoir � coagulation (cleanest) Rain water �

Test acid

1. litmus paper2. pH paper 3. universal indicatoralkali 1. litmus paper 2. pH paper 3. universal indicatorglucose – Benedict solution

Test protein – Millon`s reagentTest starch – iodine solutionTest fat – alcohol/ethanol/Test water – cobalt chloride paper Test water - Anhydrous copper sulphate

Test presence of starchBoil leaf Boil in alcohol/ethanolPlace in hot waterIodine

PURPOSE

Chlorine dilute hydrochloric acid Chloride

(slaked lime) (aluminum Sulphate)

Anhydrous Cobalt chloride paper Phenolphthalein indicatoruniversal indicator anhydrous copper sulphate universal indicator

ndicator

Name of indicator

Litmus paper Phenolphthalein

Orange

Universal indicator Phenolphthalein & methyl orange


bird`s nest fern-tree, remora

CHARACTERISTICS Image form in the retina

d class, third class leve

coagulation (alum/slake lime)

� spring w �

litmus paper

universal indicator

litmus paper

universal indicator Benedict solutionMillon`s reagent

iodine solution alcohol/ethanol/filter paper

cobalt chloride paper Anhydrous copper sulphate

Test presence of starch in the leaf -

Boil in alcohol/ethanol - Place in hot water -

-

- human body temperature – kill microorganism

dilute hydrochloric acid – kill bacteria in food – prevent tooth decay

– reduce acidity of water(aluminum Sulphate) – coagu

Cobalt chloride paper indicator - (pink

indicator - to test presence of water

anhydrous copper sulphate –- universal indicator –to test acid or alkali

Acid

RedColourless

P

Red/pink/orangeorange tidak termasuk dlm sukatan pelajaran


, remora-shark, mutualism

- -

d class, third class lever (alum/slake lime)� mixing tank

well w � river w

- - -

- - -

Benedict solution Millon`s reagent

filter paper

cobalt chloride paper – blue to Anhydrous copper sulphate (white

in the leaf to kill/break the cell wall to remove chlorophyll soften the leaf to test …… starch

human body temperaturekill microorganismkill bacteria in foodprevent tooth decayreduce acidity of watercoagulate the suspended particles

Cobalt chloride paper – to test presence of water

pink to pale pink ) to test presence of water

to test presence of water

to test acid or alkali

Acid

Red Colourless

Pink

orange/yellowak termasuk dlm sukatan pelajaran

mutualism – sea anemone

3 move towards stimuli

- `F.Lmixing tank � sedimentation

river w � pond w

bas merah0 7 � 14

0 7 � 14 - brick red precipitate

- brick red precipitate

- dark blue

filter paper - to pink (white � blue

break the cell wallremove chlorophyll

soften the leaf to test …… starch

human body temperature – kill microorganism in waterkill bacteria in food prevent tooth decay reduce acidity of water

the suspended particles

to test presence of water - … …to test presence of water

to test presence of water - purple to test presence of water (transpiration)

to test acid or alkali- green

Merah jambu pucat/Pale Pin

yellow Yellowak termasuk dlm sukatan pelajaran – tak perlu hafal……

CIKGU Z@

sea anemone-hermit crab, nitrogen fixing bacteria

move towards stimuli L.E’. (Jika tulis Kelas 1

sedimentation � filtration pond w � sea w (dirtiest)

merah

brick red precipitate -

brick red precipitate -

dark blue

milky mixture

blue)

break the cell wall remove chlorophyll

experiment Visking tube

in water

the suspended particles

blue to pinkto test presence of water? purple to yellowish

(transpiration) white to green to yellow

Neutral

Purple Merah jambu pucat/Pale Pin

Orange

ellowish Green tak perlu hafal……


hermit crab, nitrogen fixing bacteria

Jika tulis Kelas 1 – salah)

filtration � chlorination sea w (dirtiest)

HEAT

HEAT

milky mixture/emulsion/translucent spot

Visking tube

pink During neutralization process

yellowish green - neutral

white to blue yellow – acid

Merah jambu pucat/Pale Pink

Green


hermit crab, nitrogen fixing bacteria-leguminous plant

salah) chlorination � storage

(fehling solution

/translucent spot

During neutralization process … tak perlu hafal

neutral

Alkali

BlueMerah jambu/pink

Yellow

Bluish purple/purple


leguminous plant

storage � supply

fehling solution)

… tak perlu hafal

Alkali

Blue Merah jambu/pink

Yellow

Bluish purple/purple



Neutralisation

59.

60.

61.

Tumpang sekaki…….

62.63.64.

65.

66.


Neutralisation a. acid + b. hydrochloric acid + c. Hydrochloric acid + potassium hydroxide = …………………………………………..d. Hydrochloric acid + sodium hydroxide = ………………………………………………e. Hydrochloric acid + calcium hydroxide = ………………………………………………f. Hydrochloric acid + ammonig. Sulphuric acid + ammonium hydroxide = ………………………………………………h. Sulphuric acid + potassium hydroxide = ………………………………………………i. Sulphuric acidj. Nitric acid + calcium hydroxide = ………………………………………………………k. Nitric acid + sodium hyd

59. Supply Carbon Dioxidea. Potassium bib. Sodium bi

60. Absorb carbon dioxidea. Potassium hydroxideb. Sodium hydroxidec. Soda lime

61. To detect carbon dioxide

a. Bicarbonate indicator (b. Lime water (turns cloudy)c. Sodium hydroxide solutiond. Burning e. Level of water f. Hydrogen carbonate indicator g. Litmus paper (h. Alkaline

Tumpang sekaki…….i. Chlorophyll j. Photosynthesis k. Rat 1 : owl 2

62. Solution63. Saturated 64. Electrolysis of water

a. terminal b. terminal pendek ……………………… c. dilute sulphuric acid ……………….. to …d. electrolysis e. distillation

65. to absorb water vapoura. calcium chloride crystalb. silica gelc. Test water d. anhydrous calcium chloride

e. Anhydrous copper sulphate

f. Anhydrous Cobalt chloride paper66. BLOOD CIRCULATION

a. Salur darah b. Artery


Process, Titration Method+ Alkali = nama baru (alkali + acid) + water (salty)

hydrochloric acid + Hydrochloric acid + potassium hydroxide = …………………………………………..Hydrochloric acid + sodium hydroxide = ………………………………………………Hydrochloric acid + calcium hydroxide = ………………………………………………Hydrochloric acid + ammoniSulphuric acid + ammonium hydroxide = ………………………………………………Sulphuric acid + potassium hydroxide = ………………………………………………Sulphuric acid + sodium hydroxide = …………………………………………………..Nitric acid + calcium hydroxide = ………………………………………………………Nitric acid + sodium hyd

Supply Carbon DioxidePotassium bicarbonSodium bicarbonate

Absorb carbon dioxidePotassium hydroxideSodium hydroxideSoda lime – dalam tong oksigen

To detect carbon dioxideBicarbonate indicator (Lime water (turns cloudy)Sodium hydroxide solutionBurning Wooden splinter Level of water – rises upHydrogen carbonate indicator Litmus paper (blueAlkaline Pyrogallol

Tumpang sekaki……. Chlorophyll – to absorb light energyPhotosynthesis – light energy Rat 1 : owl 2 � competition

Solution - Saturated – nak `dilute’kan

lectrolysis of water

terminal Panjang terminal pendek ……………………… dilute sulphuric acid ……………….. to …electrolysis – to break down molecule of water distillation – remove suspended substances & dissolves substances.

to absorb water vapourcalcium chloride crystalsilica gel Test water – cobalt chloride paper anhydrous calcium chloride

Anhydrous copper sulphate

Anhydrous Cobalt chloride paperBLOOD CIRCULATION

darah pada jantung Artery-blood out of the heart, HP


Titration Methodnama baru (alkali + acid) + water (salty)

hydrochloric acid + Sodium hydroxide = Hydrochloric acid + potassium hydroxide = …………………………………………..Hydrochloric acid + sodium hydroxide = ………………………………………………Hydrochloric acid + calcium hydroxide = ………………………………………………Hydrochloric acid + ammonium hydroxide = ………………………………………………Sulphuric acid + ammonium hydroxide = ………………………………………………Sulphuric acid + potassium hydroxide = ………………………………………………

+ sodium hydroxide = …………………………………………………..Nitric acid + calcium hydroxide = ………………………………………………………Nitric acid + sodium hydroxide = ……………………………………………………….

Supply Carbon Dioxide carbonate – CO2

ate - CO2 Absorb carbon dioxide Potassium hydroxide solution Sodium hydroxide solution – experiment photosynthesis

dalam tong oksigen

To detect carbon dioxide Bicarbonate indicator (red to yellowLime water (turns cloudy) – calcium carbonate

Sodium hydroxide solution ( S H S rises to fill up to the test tubeWooden splinter – goes out

rises up … sama spt oxygenHydrogen carbonate indicator

blue to red) – acid

yrogallol solution –

to absorb light energylight energy

competition, rat 1 : owl 1 dilute, concentrated, saturated

nak `dilute’kan 1. Add lectrolysis of water

anjang – Positive -terminal pendek ……………………… dilute sulphuric acid ……………….. to …

to break down molecule of water remove suspended substances & dissolves substances.

to absorb water vapour calcium chloride crystals/pellets

cobalt chloride paper

anhydrous calcium chloride

Anhydrous copper sulphate

Anhydrous Cobalt chloride paperBLOOD CIRCULATION

pada jantung - VCout of the heart, HP, lumen-


Titration Method nama baru (alkali + acid) + water (salty)

Sodium hydroxide = Hydrochloric acid + potassium hydroxide = …………………………………………..Hydrochloric acid + sodium hydroxide = ………………………………………………Hydrochloric acid + calcium hydroxide = ………………………………………………

hydroxide = ………………………………………………Sulphuric acid + ammonium hydroxide = ………………………………………………Sulphuric acid + potassium hydroxide = ………………………………………………

+ sodium hydroxide = …………………………………………………..Nitric acid + calcium hydroxide = ………………………………………………………

roxide = ……………………………………………………….

– experiment daun experiment photosynthesis

dalam tong oksigen menyelam scuba

yellow) calcium carbonate

( S H S rises to fill up to the test tubegoes out/burns out

… sama spt oxygenHydrogen carbonate indicator – red to yellow

acid – not dissolve in CO

to absorb light energy light energy -� chemical energy

, rat 1 : owl 1 concentrated, saturated1. Add more water

- Oxygen –terminal pendek ……………………… hydrogen

dilute sulphuric acid ……………….. to …to break down molecule of water

remove suspended substances & dissolves substances.

s/pellets - drying agents

- drying agents

cobalt chloride paper

Anhydrous Cobalt chloride paper

VC-PA-A-PV -small, vein – blood into heart

nama baru (alkali + acid) + water (salty)Sodium hydroxide = …………. universa

Hydrochloric acid + potassium hydroxide = …………………………………………..Hydrochloric acid + sodium hydroxide = ………………………………………………Hydrochloric acid + calcium hydroxide = ………………………………………………



roxide = ……………………………………………………….

experiment daun - photosynthesisexperiment photosynthesis

menyelam scuba

( S H S rises to fill up to the test tube

/burns out … sama spt oxygen (20 %)

yellow –acid

not dissolve in CO2 (O2

chemical energy , rat 1 : owl 1 � prey-predator/biological control

concentrated, saturated more water 2. Heat

– Anode hydrogen

dilute sulphuric acid ……………….. to …more conduct electricity

to break down molecule of water (water consist two atom hydrogen & one atom oxy)

remove suspended substances & dissolves substances.

drying agents ing agents -

– blue- absorb water vapour (solid)

- white

- blue

PV blood into heart, LP, lumen

CIKGU Z@

nama baru (alkali + acid) + water (salty) universal indicator (

Hydrochloric acid + potassium hydroxide = …………………………………………..Hydrochloric acid + sodium hydroxide = ………………………………………………Hydrochloric acid + calcium hydroxide = ………………………………………………



roxide = ……………………………………………………….

photosynthesisexperiment photosynthesis, lipas dalam test tube, germinate bean

( S H S rises to fill up to the test tube)

2 very dissolve

predator/biological control

2. Heat

more conduct electricity (water consist two atom hydrogen & one atom oxy)

dlm kasut blue to pink absorb water vapour (solid)

white - blueblue -to- pink

, LP, lumen-large


l indicator (purple to Hydrochloric acid + potassium hydroxide = ………………………………………….. Hydrochloric acid + sodium hydroxide = ……………………………………………… Hydrochloric acid + calcium hydroxide = ………………………………………………

hydroxide = ……………………………………………… Sulphuric acid + ammonium hydroxide = ……………………………………………… Sulphuric acid + potassium hydroxide = ………………………………………………

+ sodium hydroxide = ………………………………………………….. Nitric acid + calcium hydroxide = ………………………………………………………

roxide = ……………………………………………………….

photosynthesis dalam test tube, germinate bean

) - very dissolves

dissolve)


(water consist two atom hydrogen & one atom oxy)

absorb water vapour (solid)

blue pink


to green) pH 7, salty

dalam test tube, germinate bean

dissolves in CO2


(water consist two atom hydrogen & one atom oxy)


, salty

dalam test tube, germinate bean

2



c. Valve – tv, sv, sv, bv. d. H – L – H – pulmonary circulation e. H-ALL-H – systemic circulation

67. Excretory Aorta --� renal artery --� kidneys --� renal vein (orang normal/kidney failure dialysis sama shj)

Artery vena cava

68. To test presence of a. Oxygen

i. Glowing wooden splinter - burst into flame - ignite ii. Burning wooden splinter - more burning /brighter

b. Carbon dioxide – lime water – chalky dan banyak lagi ….. di no ……..? check c. Sulphur dioxide (INGAT – lime water bukan untuk menguji Sulphur Dioxide, walaupun Sulphur Dioxide bersifat acidic)

i. Acidified potassium manganate VII - purple to colourless ii. ….. …. Ingat tak … satu lagi … dichromate…

d. Water i. Anhydrous copper sulphate - white - blue

ii. Anhydrous Cobalt chloride paper - blue - to - pink e. Hydrogen

i. Burning wooden splinter - it produce `pop sound’

1.Lime stone/marble Calcium carbonate Calcium, carbon, oxygen 2.Quick lime Calcium oxide Calcium, oxygen 3.Slaked lime Solid calcium hydroxide Calcium, oxygen, hydrogen 4.Lime water Calcium hydroxide solution Calcium, oxygen, hydrogen

69. Properties of Calcium Carbonates (Calcium, carbon, oxygen)

a. Calcium carbonate – not dissolve in water b. Reaction with acid

i. Calcium carbonate + hydrochloric acid -----� calcium chloride + water + CO2 ii. Calcium Carbonate + dilute sulphuric acid � Calcium Sulphate + water + CO2

iii. Calcium Carbonate + nitric acid � Calcium Nitrate + water + CO2 c. Effect of heat (will decompose)

Calcium carbonate ---------heat---� calcium oxide + CO2

(Lime stone) (quick lime) kapur tohor

Batu kapur + Water = calcium hydroxide (slaked lime) kapur mati

+ More water = calcium hydroxide solution (lime water) air kapur

The effect of heat on some mineral

The effect of heat on carbonates

(carbon dioxide is released)

The effect of heat on oxides (oxygen

is released)

The effect of heat on sulphides

(sulphur dioxide is released)

Turn lime water milky

Extinguished burning splinter

Changes red bicarbonate indicator to

yellow

The glowing splinter will burn brightly

Bleaches acidic purple potassium

manganate (VII) colourless

Converts orange acidic potassium

dichromate (VI) to green.

(INGAT – lime water bukan untuk menguji Sulphur Dioxide, walaupun Sulphur Dioxide bersifat acidic)


70. Tindak balas a. Acid + metal - hydrogen (pop sound) b. Acid + carbonated - carbon dioxide (turn lime water cloudy/chalky) c. Water + CO2 ---------chlorophyll/sunlight---------------� O2 + glucose

71. Moth`s Scale

Moths’ scale hardness value Clue

Talc (softest) 1 Tarzan

Gypsum 2 George

Calcite 3 Can

Fluorite 4 Force

Apatite 5 A

Feldspar 6 Fat

Quartz 7 Queen

Topaz 8 To

Corundum 9 Carry

Diamond (hardnest) 10 Diamond

72. Solubility in water except – potassium & sodium 73. Effect of heat

a. Metal carbonate i. Except potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate ii. CO2 – lime water cloudy

b. Metal oxide i. Except mercury oxide, argentums oxide iron - element ii. O2 – ignites glowing wooden splinter magnet boleh `attract’

c. Metal sulphide d. Sulphur dioxide (INGAT – lime water bukan untuk menguji Sulphur Dioxide, walaupun Sulphur Dioxide bersifat acidic) – air kapur tak keruh

– acidic potassium manganate (VII) – purple to colourless - acidic potassium dichromate (VII) orange to green.

74. Metal React with O2 – M.A.Z.I. (accending order) a. Iron + O2 ------heat � iron oxide b. Zinc + O2 -----heat � zinc oxide c. Copper + O2 -----heat � ……….. ? d. Lead + O2 -----heat � …………. ?

75. Metal React with sulphur – M.A.Z.I. (accending order) magnet tak boleh `attract’ dah a. Metal + sulphur -----heat � metal sulphide b. Copper + sulphur -----heat � ……………. ? apa jawapan .. c. Lead + sulphur -----heat � …………..? d. Iron + sulphur ---- heat � ……………….. ?

76. Silica - silicon + O2 ------------heat-----� silicon dioxide or silica a. Properties

i. Does not break down when heat ii. Does not react with dilute acid

iii. Insoluble in water 77. Blood

i. O - universal donor - for leukemia, haemophilia, surgery ii. AB - universal recipient

iii. Transfusion - process transferring blood

compound


Blood groupA, B, AB, O

78.

79.80.81.

82.83.

84.85.86.

87.

88.


iv. Agglutinationv. Sodium citrate

Blood groupA, B, AB, O

A, AB B, AB

AB 78. Transpiration

i. Release oxygen ii. Release water

iii. Release Carbon dioxide

79. Phloem 80. Xylem 81. To measure

a. VIR b. Currentc. Voltaged. galvanometer e. Transpiration f. Air pressureg. Lengthh. Irregular shapei. Temperaturej. Weightk. Mass

82. Excretion 83. Electromagnet

a. Right hand grip

b. Direction magnetic field 84. GALVANO METER 85. Solenoid 86. REPRODUCTION

a. Sexualb. Asexual

- binary fissionbudding- spore formationvegetative- regeneration

87. PHASE IN MENSTRUALa. 1-5 daysb. 6-11 daysc. 12-16 daysd. 17-28 days

88. CONCEPT a. Menstruationb. Ovulation


AgglutinationSodium citrate

Blood group CAN A, B, AB, O

Transpiration - Function stomata (guard + stoma)Release oxygen Release water Release Carbon dioxide

em – outer – fXylem – mineral salt & waterTo measure –

Current Voltage galvanometer (to detectTranspiration Air pressure Length Irregular shape Temperature Weight

Excretion - kidneyElectromagnet Right hand grip rule

- NAK TAMBAH

- NAK TUKAR MAGNETIC FIELD

Direction magnetic field GALVANO METER Solenoid – increased strength magnetic field REPRODUCTIONSexual Asexual

binary fissionbudding spore formationvegetative regeneration

PHASE IN MENSTRUAL5 days - 11 days - 16 days - 28 days -

CONCEPT in reproductionMenstruation Ovulation


Agglutination - two incompatible groupSodium citrate - prevent blood from coagulating

CAN DONOR

Function stomata (guard + stoma)Release oxygen – photosynthesisRelease water – transpirationRelease Carbon dioxide -

food - lack – swollen

mineral salt & water

– series- Ammeter- Voltmeter

(to detect current- photometer- barro- opisometer- water displacement methodthermometer- spring

- bb, lb, cbkidney - ureter - urinary bladder

rule – ibu jari (tunjuk

NAK TAMBAH magnetic field

NAK TUKAR MAGNETIC FIELD

Direction magnetic field – N �GALVANO METER – electron flow …

increased strength magnetic field REPRODUCTION

- human, frog, rabbitamoeba, paramecium

binary fission - amoeba, paramecium, euglenahydra, tape worm, yeast

spore formation - - galangal

- flat worm, starfishPHASE IN MENSTRUAL

menstruation phaserepair phasefertile phasepre menstrual phase

in reproduction - blood dischargeprocess releasing ovum form the


two incompatible groupprevent blood from coagulating

DONOR Blood group

Function stomata (guard + stoma)photosynthesis

transpiration - respiration

swollen – died (bahagian bawah)

series IT = I1 = IAmmeter (dipasang

Voltmeter (dipasang secara selari)

current) photometer barrow meter, pressure gauge opisometer water displacement methodthermometer pring balance, compression

bb, lb, cb urinary bladder

jari (tunjuk arah current flow

magnetic field – tambah current flow

NAK TUKAR MAGNETIC FIELD – tukar current flow BUKAN ELECTRON FLOW

� S electron flow …

increased strength magnetic field

human, frog, rabbitamoeba, parameciumamoeba, paramecium, euglenahydra, tape worm, yeast mould, mosses, fern

galangal, sweet potato

flat worm, starfish

menstruation phase repair phase fertile phase

menstrual phase

blood dischargeprocess releasing ovum form the

two incompatible group prevent blood from coagulating

Blood group O A B

AB Function stomata (guard + stoma)

(bahagian bawah)

= I2 & parallel(dipasang secara Series)

(dipasang secara selari)

w meter, pressure gauge

water displacement method

ompression balance

urinary bladder - urethra

flow) + ke - jari lain

tambah current flow tukar current flow BUKAN ELECTRON FLOW

increased strength magnetic field 1. Increase turn wire 2. Increase

human, frog, rabbit (internal + external fertilsation)amoeba, paramecium amoeba, paramecium, euglenahydra, tape worm, yeast

mould, mosses, fernsweet potato, strawberry, onion

flat worm, starfish

- ovum &

- the lining of the uterus thickens

- ovulation

- the uterine wall thick & rich with blood vessels. Prepared

blood discharge process releasing ovum form the

CIKGU Z@

- lead to deadprevent blood from coagulating

CAN

& parallel VT = V1 = V - unit Ampere

- unit Volt

w meter, pressure gauge ada lagi alat yang mengukur pressure

water displacement method

(ingat URETER

jari lain – magnetic field

tukar current flow BUKAN ELECTRON FLOW

1. Increase turn wire 2. Increase

(internal + external fertilsation)

amoeba, paramecium, euglena

mould, mosses, fern onion, yam, banana (rhizome

ovum & blood cell are discharged

the lining of the uterus thickens

ovulation/bertelur (days

the uterine wall thick & rich with blood vessels. Prepared

process releasing ovum form the ovary


lead to dead

CAN RECEIVE � � � �

= V2 unit Ampere unit Volt

ada lagi alat yang mengukur pressure

URETERHRA)

magnetic field (electron flow

tukar current flow BUKAN ELECTRON FLOW

1. Increase turn wire 2. Increase electric current 3. Decreasing diameter of solenoid


rhizome, tuber, runner,

blood cell are discharged

the lining of the uterus thickens days 14 menjadi)

the uterine wall thick & rich with blood vessels. Prepared

ovary


Blood group

A, B, AB, O

ada lagi alat yang mengukur pressure

(electron flow – ke +)

electric current 3. Decreasing diameter of solenoid


runner, bulb, corm, & sucker)

the uterine wall thick & rich with blood vessels. Prepared implantation

- 7 hari- hari ke 14


Blood group O

A, O B, O

A, B, AB, O

electric current 3. Decreasing diameter of solenoid

, corm, & sucker)

implantation

7 hari hari ke 14



89.90.91.92.

93.

94.

95.

96.

97.


c. Fertilization d. Implantation

89. Zygote 90. HUMAN GROWTH91. Between 1292. PLANT

a. Anther + filamentb. Style + ovary + stigma + ovule c. Ovuled. Pollination e. Advantage cross pollination

i. Short ripening periodii. More resistant against disease

iii. Quantity increaseiv. More variety

93. GROWTH PLANT

a. Radical

b. Plumule 94. Type of germination

a. Epigeal germinationb. Hypegeal germination

95. Condition needed germination

a. Waterb. Suitable temperaturec. Air (oxygen)

96. ORGAN VEGETATIVEa. Leaf b. Root c. Stem

i. Bulbii. Corm

iii. Rhizomeiv. Runnerv. Sucker

vi. tuber

97. FRACTIONAL DISTILLATION

Petroleum fraction

Petroleum gas

Petrol (gasoline)

Naphtha

Kerosene

Diesel oil

Lubricating oil

Fuel oil

Wax

Bitumen


Fertilization Implantation

Zygote – embryo –HUMAN GROWTHBetween 12-14 the growth girl exceed boy PLANT Anther + filamentStyle + ovary + stigma + ovule Ovule (in) --� seed , ovaryPollination – the transfer of pollen grain from an anther to a stigma

Advantage cross pollinationShort ripening periodMore resistant against diseaseQuantity increaseMore variety

GROWTH PLANT

adical – Root

lumule – Pucuk /Type of germinationEpigeal germinationHypegeal germination

Condition needed germinationWater Suitable temperatureAir (oxygen)

ORGAN VEGETATIVE - - Bulb Corm Rhizome (dlm tanah)Runner (luar tanah)Sucker tuber

FRACTIONAL DISTILLATION

Petroleum fraction

Petroleum gas

Petrol (gasoline)

Naphtha

Kerosene

Diesel oil

Lubricating oil

Fuel oil

Wax

Bitumen


– process of fusio

– process

– fetus – baby HUMAN GROWTH – rapid – slow

14 the growth girl exceed boy

Anther + filament = stamen = maleStyle + ovary + stigma + ovule

ovary (out) ---�

the transfer of pollen grain from an anther to a stigma

Advantage cross pollination Short ripening period More resistant against diseaseQuantity increase

GROWTH PLANT

ucuk /shoot Type of germination Epigeal germination - Hypegeal germination -

Condition needed germination

Suitable temperature CAHAYA MATAHARI

ORGAN VEGETATIVE setawar tuber (sweet potato, carrot)

- -

(dlm tanah) - (luar tanah) -

- -


Petroleum fraction

Fuel to make plastic and cooking oil

Fuel for motor vehicles and machine

Fuel making plastic and PVC

Fuel for jet aircraft and rocket

Fuel for diesel engine

Fuel for engine and machine

Fuel for ship and electric generators

Fuel to make polish, candle

Fuel to seal road surface


process of fusion between the nucleus of

process embryobaby – infancy –

slow – rapid – minimal14 the growth girl exceed boy

= male reproductiveStyle + ovary + stigma + ovule = pistil = female

fruit the transfer of pollen grain from an anther to a stigma

More resistant against disease

cotyledon is pulled above cotyledon is pulled underground

CAHAYA MATAHARI

tuber (sweet potato, carrot)

onion yam ginger strawberry banana sweet potato











n between the nucleus of

embryo sticking to the

– childhood minimal – negative

14 the growth girl exceed boy (a girl reaches puberty earlier than a boy)

reproductive –luar

= female reproductive

the transfer of pollen grain from an anther to a stigma

cotyledon is pulled above cotyledon is pulled underground

CAHAYA MATAHARI TIDAK DIPERLUKAN

tuber (sweet potato, carrot)

strawberry banana

potato

Uses










CIKGU Z@

n between the nucleus of sperm & an ovum

sticking to the uterine wall

childhood – adolescence negative

(a girl reaches puberty earlier than a boy)

sekeliling pistil reproductive – dalam

cotyledon is pulled above – long beancotyledon is pulled underground

TIDAK DIPERLUKAN





sperm & an ovum in the

uterine wall adolescence – adulthood

(a girl reaches puberty earlier than a boy)

dalam

long bean cotyledon is pulled underground – maize

TIDAK DIPERLUKAN


in the fallopian tube

adulthood – old age

Clue

Girl

Pondan

Nak

Kahwin

Dengan

Lelaki

Fantasi

Beb


old age



98. STEP IN INVESTIGATION:

Identified the problem Ingat

Making hypothesis Mu Planning an experiment Pelakon

Control variable Comel

Collect data Cantik Analyzing and interpret data Aku

Making conclusion Minat Write a report Weh

Nota: dulu carry, control

99. Living thing (ANIMAL & PLANT) uses O2 and give out CO2 during respiration

100. Hypothesis – a. The …………… the MV, the ………… the RV

b. As MV increase, RV increase c. When MV increase, RV increase d. If MV increase, RV decrease

i. INGAT JIKA RV …dulu…diikuti. MV….. SALAH 1. Contoh: jika masa meningkat, suhu meningkat …… betul 2. Contoh: jika suhu meningkat masa meningkat ….. salah PMR 07

101. Inference - Responding Variable because Manipulated Variable a. Lihat pada graf – paksi menegak RV, paksi mendatar MV

102. Define operationally - ‘mesti tulis soalan semula’ + ialah bacaan …….. seperti mana yang ditunjukkan oleh gambarajah …………….

Contoh PMR 09: Combustion’ ialah masa lilin untuk padam seperti yang ditunjukkan oleh bacaan ….. Contoh PMR 08: `the rate of transpiration’ is the position/reading of the air bubble. Tiada alat ditunjukkan

Contoh: trial PMR 2010 _____tekanan udara’ ialah bacaan tolok tekanan_____ ______air pressure’ is shown by the reading of pressure gauge____

Fikirkan sejenak: `Define operationally’ + RV + alat apa 103. GRAF

a. garis mesti satu sahaja. Tidak boleh sambung-menyambung b. kalau data diberi/ada nilai `0’, maka graf mesti mula dgn nilai `0’ c. Jika data tidak diberi/tiada nilai `0’, maka graf jangan mula dgn nilai `0’

d. Biasanya : i. paksi menegak/y - responding variable ii. paksi mendatar/x - manipulated variable

iii. kalau jadual

Manipulated Variable 2 4 6 Responding Variable

e. Graf – graf garis/line f. Graph bar – graf bar


g. Graph line – graf line

104. EQUATION

a. Respiration i. Glucose + oxygen � water + CO2 + energy

b. Burning i. Fuel + oxygen � fuel burns + heat + light

c. Fuel i. Carbon + oxygen � CO2 + heat + light ex: charcoal, coal ii. Hydrocarbon + oxygen � CO2 + water + heat + light ex: candle, petrol

iii. Alcohol + oxygen � CO2 + water + heat + light ex: ethanol

d. Calcium carbonate + hydrochloric acid -----� calcium chloride + water + CO2 e. Photosynthesis – water + energy + CO2 ----(light + chlorophyll)-� food + Oxy

f. Burning food Sugar + oxygen ---burnt-� water + Co2 + heat energy

g. Neutralization 105. Common characteristics (sangat banyak)

a. WAY/type of Reproduction i. sexual reproduction ii. asexual reproduction

b. type of asexual i. binary fission - bacteria, amoeba, algae, paramecium ii. budding - hydra, yeast

iii. spore formation - mould, moss, fungus iv. vegetative - bryophyllum, onion, tapioca v. rejuvenation - starfish, planarian, flatworm

c. Type of vegetative reproduction i. Rhizome - ginger, lalang ii. Tuber - potato

iii. Runner - grass, strawberry iv. Corm - yam

v. Leaf - bryophyllum vi. Stem - tapioca, sugarcane vii. Bulb - onion

viii. Sucker - banana, bamboo d. type of fertilization

i. internal fertilization ii. external fertilization

e. long filament f. big anther g. small petal h. featherly stigma i. stigma and anther are hung outside the flower/petal j. support system in plant

i. water turgidity (turgor pressure– balsam plant) ii. woody tissue

iii. buoyancy of water iv. air sacs – water hyacinth, lotus


v. buttress root – durian, casuarinas (pokok ru) ingat.. resin – pokok pine … sama spt pokok ru vi. stilt root - mangrove vii. thorn

viii. tendrils - cucumber ix. prop root - maize x. clasping root - orchid, pepper,

xi. twining - morning glory, long bean, bitter gourd k. type of skeleton – endoskeleton, exoskeleton, hydrostatic skeleton l. flowering & non-flowering

106. Work done (nilai energy sama dengan nilai work done) cth 100 joule WD = 100 Joule Energy 1 kg = 10 N i. Mass + load x height - naik tangga ii. Mass + load x distance - dirinya & bawa barang ke depan

iii. force x distance - punggah barang

Power (watt) = work done (Joule) / time taken (s)

107. Moment of force (Nm) = perpendicular distance from the fulcrum to the force (m) X force (N)

108. To increase the moment of force (Moment either clockwise or anticlockwise) 1. Increase the perpendicular distance 2. Increase the magnitude of applied force

109. P.V.I. - {Power (watt)=Voltage (V ) x Current (A)}, tukarkan utk I = P/V bagi electrical appliance 110. Electrical Energy (kWh) = power (kW) x time (h) utk kira bil elektrik x harga perunit 111. Kos electrical = kWh x cost 112. Jika 2.5A current, maka fius mesti lebih besar Nilai dari current flow cth 3.0A 113. Fuse – function – prevents the appliances or the live wire from burning 114. Fuse – melts – breaks the circuit

a. FUNCTION i. prevent excessive current ii. Protect an electric circuit against excessive current

SELAMAT BERJAYA DALAM PMR …………………….. usaha, doa, tawakkal …

baca betul -betul apa soalan nak…) jangan senaraikan spt v.i.r, p.v.i.{ingat pada nombor . tanya...

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