natural rivers - usmredac.eng.usm.my/ead/ead511/l1-natural rivers.pdf · natural rivers. ead 511...

USM_USM_REDAC_2008REDAC_2008

Natural Rivers

EAD 511 River managementEAD 511 River management

USM_USM_REDAC_2008REDAC_2008

River System

USM_USM_REDAC_2008REDAC_2008

River Corridor

USM_USM_REDAC_2008REDAC_2008

• Peninsular Malaysia = 89 • Sarawak = 22 • Sabah = 78• Total = 189 (57,300 km length)

RIVER SYSTEM (WEST MALAYSIA)

LumpurKuala

S.Linggi

KELANTAN

Shah Alam

S.Perak

S.Bernam

Seremban

S.Klang

Ipoh

Kangar

Alor Setar

George Town

PINANGPULAU

S.Muda

PERLIS

KEDAH

PERAK

THAILAND

S.Rompin

SINGAPORE

Kuantan

S.Pahang

S.Cukai

S.Muar

S.Batu Pahat

S.Benut

PAHANG

SEMBILANNEGERI

MELAKA

MelakaS.MelakaJOHOR

S.Kuantan

S.JohorBahruJohor

S.Endau

S.Dungun

Kuala Terengganu

Kota Bharu

TERENGGANU

S.Kelantan

S.Terengganu

LANGK AW IPULAU

SELANGOR

Kot a Kinab alu

Kuc ing

S.K inabata nganS.B aram

S.R ejangS.S adong- I ADP Sa maraha n

RIVER SYSTEM (EAST MALAYSIA)

S.Sadong

S.Rejang

S.SarawakKucing

SARAWAK

S.Baram

LABUAN

Kota Kinabalu

SABAH

S.Kinabatangan

Malaysia is rich in riversMalaysia is rich in rivers

USM_USM_REDAC_2008REDAC_2008

Rivers of Rivers of MalaysiaMalaysia

Department of Irrigation and Department of Irrigation and Drainage Malaysia (1992)Drainage Malaysia (1992)

USM_USM_REDAC_2008REDAC_2008

HEADWATERS

USM_USM_REDAC_2008REDAC_2008

Buaya Sangkut Falls @ Endau River

USM_USM_REDAC_2008REDAC_2008

Rapids @ Labuk River, Sabah

USM_USM_REDAC_2008REDAC_2008

Tranquil Upstream Endau River

USM_USM_REDAC_2008REDAC_2008

Rapids @ Endau River

USM_USM_REDAC_2008REDAC_2008

Rapids @ Padas River, Sabah

USM_USM_REDAC_2008REDAC_2008

TRANSFER ZONE

River’s Mid-Journey

USM_USM_REDAC_2008REDAC_2008

Roads, Railway, River (3R)

USM_USM_REDAC_2008REDAC_2008

Gentle Meander

USM_USM_REDAC_2008REDAC_2008

Kuala Kangsar (Perak River)

USM_USM_REDAC_2008REDAC_2008

Kedah Plain – Alor Jangus

USM_USM_REDAC_2008REDAC_2008

Irrigation Channel

USM_USM_REDAC_2008REDAC_2008

DEPOSITIONAL ZONES

USM_USM_REDAC_2008REDAC_2008

Meeting the Sea

USM_USM_REDAC_2008REDAC_2008

Kuala Kedah (Kedah River)

USM_USM_REDAC_2008REDAC_2008

Kelang (Kelang River)

USM_USM_REDAC_2008REDAC_2008

Kuala Muda (Muda River)Before Tsunami 2004

USM_USM_REDAC_2008REDAC_2008

Kuala Muda (Muda River) – June 2008

USM_USM_REDAC_2008REDAC_2008

Tioman Island

USM_USM_REDAC_2008REDAC_2008

Mersing River

USM_USM_REDAC_2008REDAC_2008

Endau River

USM_USM_REDAC_2008REDAC_2008

Tioman Island Jetty @ Endau River

USM_USM_REDAC_2008REDAC_2008

Monsoon FloodMonsoon Flood

USM_USM_REDAC_2008REDAC_2008

USM_USM_REDAC_2008REDAC_2008

USM_USM_REDAC_2008REDAC_2008

Bank ErosionBank Erosion

USM_USM_REDAC_2008REDAC_2008

USM_USM_REDAC_2008REDAC_2008

USM_USM_REDAC_2008REDAC_2008

Sand MiningSand Mining

USM_USM_REDAC_2008REDAC_2008

Sand and Gravel Mining

Kampong Kubang Bedengong Kampong Lubok Segintah

River Sand Mining

Sand Mining Pumping Activity

USM_USM_REDAC_2008REDAC_2008

Bridge Crossing Protection

-Sand mining has caused serious degradation of Sg Muda

-In-stream sand and gravel mining should not be allowed

USM_USM_REDAC_2008REDAC_2008

Water QualityWater Quality

USM_USM_REDAC_2008REDAC_2008

STATUS OF RIVER WATER QUALITY IN MALAYSIA

S.Rejang

S.Sarawak

S.Baram

S.Kinabatangan

S. Sadong

SARAWAK

SABAH

Kuching

Kota Kinabalu

KEDAH

THAILAND

SINGAPORE

SEMBILAN

JOHOR

SELANGOR

PAHANG

NEGERI

TERENGGANU

PERLIS

MELAKA

PULAU PINANG

PERAK

PULAU

S.Muda

S. Perlis

S.Perak

S.Bernam

S.Klang

S.Linggi

S.Muar

S.Batu Pahat

S.Melaka

S.Benut

S.Rompin

S.Pahang

S.Cukai

S.Kuantan

S.Endau

S.Dungun

S.KelantanS. Kedah

S.Kerian

S.Mersing

S.Johor

S.Selangor

S.Langat

KUALALUMPUR

KELANTAN

S.Terengganu

Clean

Slightly Polluted

Polluted

S.DangaS.Segget

S.Kempas

S.Tukang Batu

SINGAPORE

S.Buloh

S.JuruS.Pinang

S.Jejawi

BRUNEI

S.Merbok

WQI 81-100 : Clean, WQI 60-80 : Slightly Polluted, WQI 0-59 : Polluted

USM_USM_REDAC_2008REDAC_2008

SOURCE OF POLLUTION (ACTIVITY)

Sewage, Agro-based & Manufacturing Industries

Sewage

65% 12% 23%

43% 33% 24%

58% 24% 18%

Clean Slightly Polluted Polluted

RIVER BASIN CONDITION POLLUTION INDICATOR (PARAMETER)

Earthworks & Land Clearing

Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD)

Ammoniacal Nitrogen (NH4 –N)

Suspended Solids (SS)

Note:- Number of River Basins Monitored = 120

Number of Monitoring Station = 927

Status of River Basin Water Quality, 2002

WQI 81-100 : Clean, WQI 60-80 : Slightly Polluted, WQI 0-59 : Polluted

USM_USM_REDAC_2008REDAC_2008

Product of Healthy Rivers

River Lobster

“Udang Galah”

Bebar River, Pekan

USM_USM_REDAC_2008REDAC_2008

King Fish (Patin) @ Chao Praya River, Bangkok