computer network 1lecture 11 pengantar jaringan komputer iwan syarif hero yudo martono
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Computer Network 1 Lecture 1 2
Apa itu Jaringan
Kumpulan dua atau lebih dari komputer yang saling berhubungan satu sama lain
Computer Network 1 Lecture 1 3
Kegunaan Jaringan
Sharing resource (data, printer, dll) Efisiensi waktu Efisiensi tempat Effisiensi dana
Computer Network 1 Lecture 1 4
Kerugian Jaringan
Membutuhkan biaya tambahan Memungkinkan adanya serangan ke
komputer kita Mengurangi human communication
Computer Network 1 Lecture 1 5
Types of Computer Networks
Local Area Networks (LANs) within a building or campus usually based on broadcast channels often connected via gateways to wide area
networks Examples: (Fast)Ethernet, FDDI rings,
Myrinet, ATM LANs Bit rates: 10-1000 Mbps
Cable Computer
(b)(a)
Computer
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Type of Computer Networks
Metropolitan Area Networks (MANs) covers area of a city usually based on LAN technology Examples: DQDB (Distributed Queue
Dual Bus), cable television networks
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Type of Computer Networks
Wide Area (Long Haul) Networks may cover country, continent Most communication links are point-to-point usually irregular topology
usually organized as a “subnet” to which hosts have access.
switching elements are generically referred to as routers
Computer Network 1 Lecture 1 8
Wireless Networks
Wireless: Cordless telephones, TV remote control, Analog cellular telephones
Wireless LANs Mobile vs. wireless
mobile, not wireless mobile, wireless not mobile, not wireless not mobile, wireless
Computer Network 1 Lecture 1 9
Internetworking Many (mutually incompatible) network
technologies No one technology appropriate for
every situation Internetworking glues together
networks of dissimilar technologies with routers
Result is virtual network whose details are invisible
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Internetworking (example)Different network technologies can be connected to create an internetwork
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Peralatan Jaringan Sederhana
PC (komputer) LAN card Kabel UTP RJ 45 Tang Crimping Multimeter Hub Switch
Computer Network 1 Lecture 1 14
What’s a protocol?a human protocol and a computer network protocol:
Q: Other human protocol?
Hi
Hi
Got thetime?
2:00
TCP connection req.
TCP connectionreply.Get http://gaia.cs.umass.edu/index.htm
<file>time
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Transmission media Transmitted energy is carried through some
sort of medium Transmitter encodes data as energy and
transmits energy through medium Requires special hardware for data encoding Requires hardware connection to transmission
medium Media can be copper, glass, air, ...
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Copper wires •Twisted pair uses two wires
•Coaxial cable includes shield for improved performance
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Glass fibers • Thin glass fiber carries light with encoded data • Plastic jacket allows fiber to bend (some!) without
breaking • Fiber is very clear and designed to reflect light internally for efficient transmission • Light emitting diode (LED) or laser injects light into fiber • Light sensitive receiver at other end translates light back into data
Computer Network 1 Lecture 1 19
Radio •Data transmitted using radio waves •Energy travels through the air rather than copper or glass •Conceptually similar to radio, TV, cellular phones •Can travel through walls and through an entire building •Can be long distance or short distance
•Long distance with satellite relay •Short distance - wireless computer network
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Wireless Example •Wireless bridge and antenna
Base-station antenna for a wireless radio-frequency network; this antenna is attached to a unit that also connects to a wire-based network and forwards data between the wireless and wire-based networks
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Microwave High frequency radio waves Unidirectional, for point-to-point
communication Antennas mounted on towers
relay transmitted data
Computer Network 1 Lecture 1 23
Infrared Infrared light transmits data through the
air Similar to technology used in TV remote
control Can propagate throughout a room
(bouncing off surfaces), but will not penetrate walls
Becoming common in personal digital assistants
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Laser Unidirectional, like microwave Higher speed than microwave Uses laser transmitter and photo-
sensitive receiver at each end Point-to-point, typically between
buildings Can be adversely affected by
weather
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Modems If external to computer, RS-232 can be used
between modem and computer
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Modems If external to computer, RS-232 can be used
between modem and computer
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Modems If internal, direct bus connection used Can also be rack-mounted
Modems in a computer center for dial-up modem access to the organization network
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