trial perak spm biologi 2009

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NO. I(AD PENGENALAN

A}.IGKA GILIRANI

PEPERIKSAAN PERCUBAANNEGERI PERAK

PEPERIKSAAN PERNILAIAN BERSAMASIJIL PELAJARAN MALAYSIA 2OO9BIOLOGYKertas ISeptember

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Satu jam lima belas minit

JAI\IGAII BUKA KERTAS SOALAI\ INI SEHINGGA DIBERITAHU

l .

2.

3.

Kertas soalan ini adalah dalam dwibahasa.

Soalan dalam Batrasa Inggeris mendahului soalan yang sepadan dalam Bahasa Melayu.

Calon dikehendaki membaca maklumat di halaman belakang kertas soalan ini.

Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 31 halaman bercetak dan I halaman tidak bercetalc

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Which of the following orgalelles contains chromosome?Di antara organel berikut yang manakah mengandungi lcromosom?

A RibosomeRibosom

B Golgi apparatusJasad Golgi

C NucleusNukleus

D Chloroplast j

Kloroplas

The following statements are about an organelle of a cell.

Pernyataan berikut adalah berkaitan dengan organel sustu sel.

Attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum

Melelrat pa(aj a\,nary gndoplasma lcaqar

Exist freely in thc cytoPlasm. .

Terdapat di dalam sitoplasma secara bebas

Site for protein synthesis

Tapak untuk sintesis Protein

What is the organelle?Apakah organel itu?

A Golgi apparatusJasad Golgi

B VacuoleVakuol

C RibosomeRibosom

D ChloroplastKloroplas

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3 Which of the following organelles is wrongly named?Di antara organel berikut, yang manakah salah dinamakan?

A Chloroplast C MitochondrionMitokondriaKloroplas

Rough endoplasmic reticulumJalinan endoplasma kasar

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DB LysosomeLisosom

The flow chart below shows the organisation of multicellular organism.Cartq alir berikut menunjukkan organisasi sel bagi organisma multisel.

cell_-+ P _-+Sel

a _-+ R _r OrganismOrganisma

What are R Q and R?ApakahEQdanR?

A

B

C

D

P a R

Smooth muscleOtot licin

EpithelialEpitelial

StomachPerut

EpithelialEpitelial

StomachPerut

DigestivePencernaan

Small intestineUsus kecil

EpithelialEpitelial

DigestivePencernaan

Cardiac muscleOtot kardiak

EpithelialEpitelial

CirculatoryPeredaran


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5 Diagram I shows the change in shape of a few red blood cells after being immersed in a

solution for thirty minutes.Rajah I menunjukkan perubahan rupa bentuk beberapa sel darah merah selepas

direndam dalam suatu larutan selama 30 minit.

Red blood cellSel darah merah

Diagnm 1Rajah I

The red blood cells have undergoneSel darah merah tersebut telah mengalami

A OsmosisOsmosis

B HaemolysisI:tremolisis

C CrenationKrenasi

D PlasmolysisPlasmolisis

Diagram 2 shows Paramecium sP.Rajah 2 menuniukkan Paramecium sp.

Carbon dioxideKarbon dioksida

OxygenOksigen

Diagarn2Rajah 2

What is the process by which substances move in and out of the organism as shown in the

Diagan 2?Apakah proses yang menyebabkan pergerakan masuk dan keluar bahan dari organisma

yang ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 2?

A Simple diffisionResapan ringkas

B Facilitated diffirsionResapan berbantu

C OsmosisOsmosis

D Active transPortPengangkutan aktif

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Diagram 3 shows an active transport of sodium ions across a plasma membrane.Rajah 3 menunjukkan pengangkutan aktif bagi ion natrium merentasi membran plasma.

Outside of cellLuar sel

Inside of cellDalam sel

Diaeram 3

which of the following is not true?

Rfiah 3

Manakah antara berikut adalah tidok benar?

A The outside of a cell has,a higher concentration of sodium ions than the inside of the cellDi bahagian luar sel mempunyai kepekatan ion natrium yang tinggi berbanding didalam sel

B Sodium ions are transported by the carrier proteinIon natrium diangkut oleh protein pembawa

C The sodium ions move from a region of higher concentration to a regio'n of lowerconcentationIon natrium bergerak dari kawasan yang berkepekatan tinggi ke kawasan yangberkepekatan rendah

D Energy from the AIP molecule causes the shape of the carier protein to changeTenaga dari molekul ATP yang menyebabkan perubahan rupa bentuk proteinpembawa

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Diagram 4 shows samples of potato strips placed in sucrose solutions of differentconcentrations. Any changes in mass of the samples were recorded.Rajah 4 menunjukkan sampel jalur ubi kentang yang dimasukkan ke dalam larutansukrosa yang berbeza kepekatan. Perubahan pada iisim sampel direkodkan.

Distilled waterAir suling

0.3MSucrosesolutionLarutansulcrosa

Sucrose Concentration (M)Ke p e knt an s ulcr o s a (lt I)

Sucrose Concentration (M)Kepekatan sulvosa (M)

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3;'.X,, ]J 33X,. LJ

ww0.4MSucrosesolutionLarutansukrosa

Diasram 4Ral:ah a

Which gaph shows the result of the experiment?Graf yang manakah menunjukkan keputusan eksperimen ini?

DC

aSK:it r ' \aF.=N4.tsER

3.sct%

or*:0.d

a.s60q

,' 'so0:

Qd

a.sE.3

.s$o*:0 _dal sd

ti ^9

Sucrose Concentration (M)Kep e kat an sulv o s a (It I)

Sucrose Concentuation (M)Kep e lrat an sulcr o s a (M)

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What is the form of carbohydrate stored in the animal body?Apakah bentuk karbohidrat yang di simpan dalam badan haiwan?

A StarchKanji

B FatLemak

C GlycogenGlikogen

D GlycerolGliserol

The monomer of cellulose isMonomer selulosa ialah

A Amino acidAcid amino

B GlucoseGlukosa

C GalactoseGalaktosa

D MaltoseMaltosa

Diagram 5 shows an enzyme-catalysed reaction.Rajah 5 menunjukkan tindakbalas yang dimangkinkan oleh enzim.

t1

,ffwt'

Diagram 5Rajah 5

Which of the following is the enzyme?Antara berikut, yang manakah enzim?

AWBXCYDZ

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12 Diagram 6 shows the basic DNA stnrctureRajah 6 menuniukkan struktur asas DNA

What are X, Y and Z?Apakah X, Y dan Z ?

A

B

c

D

Diagram 6Rajah 6

Diagrart 7Rajah 7

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x Y zNucleotideNukleotida

PhosphateFosfat

PhosphateFosfat

Nitrogenous baseBes bernitrogen

PhosphateFosfat

Ribose sugarGula ribosa

NucleotideNukleotida

PhosphateFosfat

Deoxyribose sugarGula deolcsiribosa



NucleotideNukleotida

13 Diagram 7 shows a stage of mitosis in the plant.Rajah 7 menuniukkan satu peringkat mitosis pada tumbuhan.

*+\xssezWhich of the following is the next stage ?Antara berikut, manakah merupakan peringkat seterusnya ?

DB

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14 Diagram 8 shows a flowering plant.Rajah 8 menunjukkan tumbuhan berbunga.

Diagnam 8Rajah 8

Which of the parts labelled A, B, C and D does meiosis occur?Manakah antara bahagian berlabel A, B, C don D berlakunya meiosis?

15 Which of the following differences between mitosis and meiosis are true?Manakah antara berikut yang benar mengenai perbezaan antara mitosis danrneiosis?

MitosisMitosis

MeiosisMeiosis

I

Produces cells which are geneticallydifferentMenghasilkan sel-sel yang berbezadari segi genetik

Produces cells which are geneticallyidenticalMenghasilkan sel-sel yang seirasdari segi genetik

ilThe chromosome number remains thesameBilangan lcromosom tetap sama

The chromosome number is halvedBilangan lcromosom menjadi separuh

m Two daughter cells are producedDua sel anak dihasilkan

Four daughter cells are producedEmpat sel anak dihasilkan

IVAssociated with sexual reproductionBerkaitan dengan pembiakan seks

Associated with asexual reproductionBerkaitan dengan pembiakan aseks

I and Il'onlyI dan II sahajaII and III onlyII dan III sahajaI, II and III onlyI, II dan III sahajaII, III and IV onlyil, ilI dan IV sahaja

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D


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16 Diagram 9 shows the molecule strucflre for two classes of foodRajah 9 menunjukkan struktur molekul bagi dua kelas makanan.

Diagnm 9Rajah 9

what food classes does molecule X and Y respectively. belongs to?Apakah kelas makanan bagi molekul X dan Y?

X YProteinsProtein

LipidsLipid

CarbohydratesKarbohidrat

LipidsLipid


ProteinsProtein

LipidsLipid


17 Diagram 10 shows a part of the human digestive system.Rajah 10 menunjukkan sebahagian sistem pencernaan manusia.

Diagram 10Raiah 10

What will happen if X is removed?Apakah akan berlaku iika X di buang?

A Lipase is not ProducedLipase tidak daPat di hasilkan

B Fats will not be digestedLemak tidak daPat dicernakan

C Proteins will not be digestedProtein tidak daPat dicernakan

D Pancreatic juice does not reach the duodenumJus pankreas tidak akan sampai ke duodenum

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18 Graph I shows the rate of photosynthesis against light intensity at two different concentationsof carbon dioxide.Graf 1 menunjukkan kadar fotosintesis melawan keamatan cahaya pada dua kepekatankarbon dioksida yang berbeza.

11

Rate ofphotosynthesis

(mm3 COz / cm2lhour)Kadar

fotosintesis(mm3 COz / cm2

/iam)Light intensityKeamatan cahaya

Graph IGraf I

What conclusions can be drawn from the Graph 1?Apakah kesimpulan yang boleh dibuat berdasarkan Graf I?

I When the light intensity increases, the rate of photosynthesis increases.Apabila keamatan cahaya meningkat, kadar fotosintesis meningkat.

tr Carbon dioxide concentration becomes a limiting factor.Kepekatan karbon dioksida menjadi faktor penghad.

ru The rate of photosynthesis increases when the concentration of carbon dioxide increases.Kadar fotosintesis meningkat apabila kepekatan karbon dioksida meningkat.

ry The rate of photosynthesis depends on the surrounding temperature.Kadar fotosintesis bergantung kepada suhu persekitaran.

A I and II onlyI dan II sahaja

B I, II, and III onlyI, II dan III sahaja

C II, ilI, and IV onlyII, III dan IV sahaja

D I, II, ilI, and IVI, II, III dan IV


0.23% CAz at 25'C0.23% COz pada 25'C

0.03% COz at 25oC0.03% COz pada 25"C


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19 Table 1 shows the results of an experiment to study the effects of macronutient deficiency in

plants.Jadual I menunjukkan keputusan eksperimen untuk mengkaii kesan kekurangan

malqonutrien dalam tumbuhan.

SolutionLarutan

Observations after a few weeksPemerhatian selepas beberapa mingga

PlantsTumbuhan

Leaf colourWarna daun

XStunted growth

Tumbesaran terbantutYellowish

Kekuningan

YPrematue death

Kernatian prarnatangYellowish at the edgesPinggir daun menjadi

kekuningan

Table IJadual l

What element is lacking in solutions X and Y respectively?Apakah elemen yang kurang dalam larutan X dan Y?

Solution XLarutan X

Solution YLarutan Y

PhosphorusFosforus

MagnesiumMagnesium

Nitrogen .Nitrogen

PotassiumKalium

PotassiumKalium

NitrogenNitrogen

MagnesiumMagnesium

PhosphorusFosforus

20 What is the structure that increases the total surface area of gills?

Apakah struktur yang menambahkan luas permukaan insang?

A FilamentFilamen

B lamellaLamela

C TracheoleTrakiol

D Blood caPillariesKapilari darah


t2

A

c

D


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2l Where does anaerobic respiration take place?Di manakah respirasi anaerob berlaht?

A NucleusNukleus

B RibosomeRibosorn

C MitochondrionMitokondria

D CytoplasmSitoplasma

22 Diagnm 11 shows respiratory system in humans.Rajah 11 menunjukkan sistern pernafasan manusia

What are represented by X, Y and Z respectively?Apakah yang diwakili oleh X, Y dan Z?

Diagram 11Rajah 11

D

x Y zTracheaTrakea

BronchusBronhts

AlveolusAlveolus

TracheaTrakea

AJveolusAlveolus

BronchusBronkus

AlveolusAlveolus

TracheaTrakea

BronchusBronhts

BronchusBronkus

AlveolusAlveolus

TracheaTrakea

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23 Diagram 12 shows the food web in the pond ecosystem'

noi-on 12 menunjukkan iaringan makanan dalam ekosistemkolam.

Diagram 12Rajah 12

Which of the following is correct about the ecosystem?

Antara Urritui, io''g'*o'okoh benar tentang ekosistern tersebut?

A The small fish is the primary consumer

Ikan kecil adalah konsumer PrimerBBigf ishandsmal l f ishcompeteforthesamefoodresources

Ikanbesardanikankeci lbersaingmendapatkansumbermakananyangsama.c Tadpole , insect larva and wonn rrrliu. the lowest energy from algae

Berudu,Iarvaserangga,cacingmenerimatenagaterendahdar ia lgaeD The number of algae is the largest inlh-eecosystem

Jumlah "ti,

ai-lAam ekosisiem adalah yang terbanyak

24 Diagram 13 shows a seedling of Bruguiera sp'

noion 13 menunjukkan anak benih Bruguiera sp'

Diagrarn 13Raiah 13

WhydoesBruguierasp.needtohavetherootasshowninDiagram13?MengapaBruguierasp.per lumempunyaiakarsepert idalamRajah13?

RootAkar

B

To give support and to trap more silt

Memberi sokongan dan iemerangkap lebih banyak lumpur'

i; it"p oxygen from the habitat for cellular respiration

Ur*irongiap oksigen dari habitat untuk respirasi sel

io itup m"ore soil, silt particles and- organic substances '

Memerangt "p

trUii n'r"iak partikel"tanah, Iumpur dan bahan organik

To enable-the plant live longer in the-muddy area

Membolehkan tumbu,ioi iii hidup lebih iama dalam kawasan berlumpur


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25 Name the interaction between fungus and dead plants in any ecosystem.Namakan jenis interaksi antara kulat dan pokok mati dalam sesuatu ekosistem?

A CompetitionPersaingan

B Prey-predatorMangsa-pernangsa

C SaprophYismSaprofitisme

D ParasitismParasitisme

Which of the following microorganisms are involved in the nitrogen cycle?Antara berikut, manakah mikroorganisma yang .terlibat dalam kitar nitrogen?

I. Nitrobacter sp.II Nitrosomonas sp.n Rhizobium sp.IV Rhododendron sp.

A I, II, ilI and IVI II, III dan IV

B I, II, and IIII, II dan III

C I I , i l IandIVil, III dan IV

D I, III and IVI, i l I and IV

Which of the following activities is the main cause of global warming?Antara aktiviti-aktiviti berikut, manakah merupakan punca utama pemanasan global?

26

27

A

B

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2g Which of the following is a correct match between human activity and the effect on the

environment?Antara berikut, manakah padanan aktiviti rnanusia dan kesan ke atas persekitaran yang

paling tepat?

Human ActivityAktiviti manusia

Effect on the environmentKesan ke atas persekitaran

DeforesffationPenyahhutonan

EutophicationEutrolikasi

Open bumingPembaknran terbuka

Landslide and air pollutionTanah runtuh dan pencernaran udara

Ploughed down the sloPe foragricultural pu{posesMembajak tanah cerun untukpertanian

Soil erosion and landslidesHakisan tanah dan tanah runtuh

Open more heavy industrial areaMembuka lebih banYak kawasanperindustrian berat

Soil erosion and thinning of ozone layerHujan asid dan peniPisan laPisanozon

29 Chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) is the chemical substance that causes the thinning of the ozone

layer.What is the main source of chlorofluorocarbon (CFC)?

Klorofluorokarbon (CFC) adalah bahan kimia yang menyebabkan penipisan lapisan ozon.

Apakah sumber utama klorofluorokarbon (CFC)?

A Motor vehicleKenderaan bermotor

B Nuclear reactorReaktor nuklear

C Tall glass buildingBangunan tinggi bercermin

D Solvent in electronics indus$Pelarut dalam industri eleWronik

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D


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30 The following.are'the oomponents of human blood.Berikut adalah komponen darah manusia.

JAntibodiesAntibodi'

KFibrinogenFibr:inofien

L

MErythrocytes' Errtrosit

NLeucocytesLeukosit

Which of the above components are involved in the body defence against infection ofpathogens?Antara komponen di atas, yang manakah teilibat dalam pertahana;n badan menentangjangkitan patogen?

A JandNJdanN

B KandlKdanL

C JandMJdanM

D KandNKdanN

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3l Diagmm 14 shows the relationship between the lymphatic vessels, blood capillaries and body

cells.Rajah 14 menunjukknn perkaitan antara salur limfa, kapilari darah dan sel badan.

body cellsel dalam

18

X

blood capillarykapilari darah

Z

Iyrnphatic vesselsalur limfa

Diagram 14Rajah 14

Which of the following statement is true?Antara berikut, manabah pernyataan yang benar?

I and II onlyI dan II sahaiaIII and IV onlyIII dan IV sahaiaI, II and III onlyI, II dan III sahajaI, II and IV onlyI, II dan IV sahaja

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IFluid X contains leucocytesBendalir X mengandungi leukosit

tr Fluid Y does not contain PlateletsBendalir Y tidak mengandungi platlet

m Z does not contain erythrocYtesZ tidak mengandungi eritrosit

wFluid Y contains more lymphocytes than fluid XBendalir Y mengandungi lebih banyak limfosit berbanding dengan bendalir X


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32 Curve X and Y in Graph 2 shows the changes in the level of antibody of a person.Lengkung X dan Y dalam Graf 2 menunjukkan perubahan pada aras antibodi padaseseorang.

t9

Level ofantiboyin thebloodAras

antibodidalamdarah

Level of'antiboyin thebloodAras

antibodidalamdarah

curve Ylengkung Y

immunity levelaras imuniti

time (weeks)masa (minggu)

time (weeks)masa (minggu)

Graph 2Graf 2

Which of the comparison is correctly matched between curve X and curve Y?Antara berikut, manakah padanan perbandingan yang benar antara lengkung X danlengkung Y?

StatementPernyataan

Curve XLenghung X

Curve YLengkung Y

K Temporary immunityImmuniti sementara

Inng life immunityImmuniti kekal lama

L Immunity obtained after recoveryfrom a certain diseaseImmuniti diperolehi selepassembuh dari penyakit

Immunity obtained after anvaccinationImmuniti diperolehi selepasvaksinasi

M Artificial passive immunityKeimunan pasif buatan

Artificial active immudtyKeimunan aktif buatan

N The effects of immunity is fastKesan immuniti adalah cepat

The eflects of immunity is slowKesan immuniti adalah lambat

K,LandMonlyK,LdanMsahajaK,MandNonlyK,MdanNsahajaL,MandNonlyL,MdanNsahajaK,L,MandNK,L,MdanN


B

C

D

immunity level


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33 Diagrmf ' tS, show$,the, stnrcttre: Of,.a: htntam{np46:r l

Rajah:' 15 merunjukkan strilktur jantttng manusia.i '

i 4- . i : i , . ,

1 1. .

. , ,1, , ' i , ' , ' . i .

Which of the blood vessels labelled ArB, C and D tansports oxygenated blood into the heart?Manalmh antara salur darah berlabel A, B, C dan D mengangkut darah berolcsigen kejantung?

. '1'

34 -,Diqgraql 16 qhowq the muscles and boneson the up.per a[tn.Which of the following tissue holds the parts labelled P and Q? !. :Rajah-16 menunjuk*an.atot dan tulang pada lengan."Antara tisu 6e7{l&rt;tyong manakah melekatkan bahagian yang berlabet F dat Q?

20

Diagram 15Rajah 15 ' - ; , i '

ji r-..f:

A Canilgge . :Rawan

g '"Skeletal'riiuscleOtot.'rangka

C LigamentLigamen

D TendonTendon

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Diagram'16Rajah 16 \

. ; , : .1: . ; .

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35 Which of the fotlowing groups of organisms have exoskeletons?Manakah antara kumpulan haiwan berikut mempunyai rangka luar?

A Snail, turtle, beetleSiput, penyu, kumbang

B Grasshopper, crab, prawnBelalang, Icetam, udang

C Bird, cockroach, tortoiseBurung, lipas, htra-kura

D Caterpillar, cockle, earthwormBeluncas, kerang, cacing tanah

Diagram 17 shows three human vertebrae.Rajah 17 menunjukkan tiga vertebra manusia.

Diagram 17Rajah 17

Which of the following is named correctly for X, Y and Z respectively?Antara berikut, manakah natna yang betul bagi X, Y dan Z?

x Y zLr:rnbarLumbar

ThoracicToraks

CervicalServiks

ThoracicToral<s

CervicalServiks

LumbarLumbar

CervicalServilcs

LumbarLumbar

ThoracicToraks

CervicalServiks

ThoracicToraks

LumbarLumbar

36

A

B

C

D


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37 Diagram 18 shows a cross section of the human spinal cord.Rajah 18 menuniukkan keratan rentas saraf tuniang manusia;

Diagram 18Rajah 18

Which of the parts labelled A, B, C and D contains the cell body of afferent neurone?

Antara bahagian berlabel A, B, C dan D manakah mengandungi iasad sel neuron aferen?

Diagram 19 shows a q4pe of neurone.Rajah 19 menunjukkan seienis neuron.

Diagram 19Rajah 19

What is,PApakah X?

A Myelin sheathSelaput Mielin

B Node of RanvierNodus Ranvier

C AoronAkson

D DendritesDendrit

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39 Craph 3 shows the blood glucose level in a healthy person after a meal is taken at time X.Graf 3 menunjukkan paras glukosa dalam darah individu yang sihat selepas mengambilmakanan pada masa X.

Graph 3Graf 3

Time (hour)Masa (janl

Which of the following are the correct processes occuring aty?Manalrnh antara berikut menunjukkan proses-proses yang betul berlaku di Y?

I Glucose is oxidised into energy.Glukosa diolcsidakan kepada tenaga.Glucose is stored in the liver and skeletal muscle.Glukosa disimpan di hati dan otot rangka.Insulin converts the glucose into glycogen in the liver.Insulin menukarkan glukosa kepada glikogen di hati.The rate of respiration is decreased.Kadar respirasi menurun.

I and IIII dan IIIII and IVII dan IVI, III and IVI, III dan IVil, III and IVII, III dan IV


E9rg.- sfr

BSNSgE$Em3

I\

m

N

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40 Diagram 20 shows the stuctue of the human brain.Rajah 20 menuniukkan struhur otak manusia.

Diagram 20Rajah 20

Which of the following is correctly matched between the parts labelled X and Y and theirfunction respectively?Antara berikut, manokah padanan pasangan yang betul antara bahagian berlabel X danY dan fungsi masing-masing?

X Y

Conhol the body temperatureKawal suhu badan

Control breathing rate and heart beatKawal kadar pernafasan dan

degupan jantung

Control breathing rate and heart beatKawal kadar pernafasan dan

degupan jantung

Control the body temperatureKawal suhu badan

Control body temperature andosmoregulation

Mengawal atur suhu badan danosmokewalaturan

Control the body balanceMengawal keseimbangan badan

Control the body balanceMengawal keseimbangan badan

Confrol coordination betweenmuscles and sensory organs

Mengawal koordinasi antara ototdan organ deria

A

B

c

D

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4l Which of the following represent the fertilisation process?Antara berihtt, yang manakah mewakili proses persenyawaan?

Io16oI

@

D

@I

@

i@

x

Fourth cleavagePembelahan

keempat

45sul

[Lihat sebelahSI'LIT

B

42 Diagram 2l shows the early development of the human foetus.How many cells will be formed atx?

Rajah 2I menunjukkan perkembangan fetus manusia.Berapakah sel yang akan terbentuk pada X?

Fertilized egg(zygote)

Telur yangdisenyawakan

(zigot)

ffi-m-m*m*First cleavage Second cleavage Third cleavage

(2 cells) (4 cells) (8 cells)Pembelahan Pembelahan Pembelahan

pertama kedua ketiga

Diagram 2lRajoh 2I

A4Bt6c32D64

4551/lozoos Hak cipta Jabatan Pelajaran Perak

ST'LIT 26 455u1

43 Diagram 22 shows a cross section of an embryo sac in the ovule of a flowering plant.Rajah 22 menunjukkan keratan rentas pundi embrio di dalam ovul satu tumbuhanberbunga.

Diagram 22Rajah 22

Which of the following parts labelled R Q, R and S, will fuse with one male gamete nucleiforming a tiploid nucleus ?Antara bahagian yang berlabel n Q, R dan S, yang mana,kah'akan bergabung dengannukleus gamet jantan membentuk nukleus triploid?

f icaDP

pihat sebehhflruT


sulrr 27 455lll

44 Table 2 shows the different methods of contaception and their functions.Jadual 2 menunjukkan pelbagai kaedah mencegah kehamilan don fungsinya.

MethodKaedah

FunctionsFungsi

P To prevent the formation of an ovum in the ovaryUntuk menghalang pembentukkan ovum di ovari

a To prevent the implantation of an embryoUntuk menghalang penenpelan embrio

R To prevent sperms from entering the uterusUntuk menghalang sperma memasuki qterus

STo kill the spermsUntuk membunuh sperma

TabLe 2Jadual 2

What are P. Q, R and S?Apakah n Q, R dan S?

[Lihat sebelahSIJLIT

A

B

C

D

P a R S

IUD deviceAlat IUD

Contraceptivepills

Pil pencegahkehamilan

DiaphragmDiafragma

CondomKondom

CondomKondom

DiaphragpDiafragma

IUD deviceAlat IUD

Contraceptivepills

Pil pencegahkehamilan

Contraceptive pillsPil pencegah

kehamilan

DiaphragmDiafragma

CondomKondom

IUD deviceAlat IUD

Contraceptive pillsPil pencegah

kehamilan

IUD deviceAlat IUD

DiaphragmDiafragma

SpermicideSpermisid


ST]LIT 4551/1

45 In monohybrid crosso the two parental genotypes are RR and rr.

What percentage of F, generation will have the recessive phenotype?

Dalam lcacukan monohibrid, genotip induk adalah RR dan rr.

Apakah peratus generasi F, lang akan mendapat fenotip resesiJ?

A 25%B 50%c 75%D 100%

46 Diagram 23 shows karyotype of an individual.Rajah 23 menuniukkan kariotip seorang individu'

Diagram 23Rajah 23

Which of the following individual have the karyotype shown in above diagram?

Antara individu berikut, yang manakah mempunyai kariotip seperti dalam raiah di atas?

A A male with Turner's sYndromeLelaki Sindrom Turner

B A female with Tumer's sYndromePerempuan Sindrom Turner

C A male with Down's sYndromeLelaki Sindrorn Down

D A female with Down's sYndromePerempuan Sindrom Down


28

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ST]LIT 29 455lll

47 Which of the following diseases are caused by the recessive allele on the X chromosome?Antara berikut, penyakit yang tnanakah disebabkan oleh alel resesif yang terdapat padalcromosom X?

A Down's syndrome and thallassemiaSindrom Down dan thallassemia

B Down's syndrome and haemophiliaSindrom Down dan hemofilia

C Thallassemia and colour blindnessThallassemia dan buta warna

D Haemophilia and colour blindnessHemofilia dan buta warna

An individual has sickle-shaped red blood cell. He suffers chronic aneamia as the haemoglobincannot transport enough oxygen.Seorang individu tnempunyai sel darah merah berbentuk sabit. Beliau menderita anaemiayang lcronik disebabkan hemoglobin gagal mengangkut cukup olcsigen.

Which of the following are the causes of the cell abnormality?Manakah antara berikut merupakan punca-punca ketidalcnormalan sel tersebut?

I Chromosomal mutationMutasi lcromosom

I Gene MutationMutasi gen

il The presence of mutagensKehadiran mutagen

IV Lack ofoxygenKekurangan oksigen

I and IIII dan IIIII and IIIII dan IIII, II and IVI, II dan IVII, III and IVil, III dan IV


l,_


ST}LIT

49 The bar clrart shows,the disftibution of a paticular tait in humans.Carta bar menunjukkan taburan trait tertentu pada manusia.

Which of the following taits is represented by the bar charl above?Manakah di antara trait yang berihfi mewakili carto bar dt atas?

A Body weightBerat badan

B Body heightKetinggian

C IdelligenceKecerdasan

D Blood goupKumpulan darah

Tissue culture technique allows biotechnologist to produce

more seedlings in a shorter period of time.

Telmik kultur tisu membolehkan ahli bioteknologi

rnenghasillmn barryak anak benih dalam jangka masa yang

singkat.

What is the disadvantage of tissue culture?Apalmh keburulmn htltur tisu?

A Produce identical plants with desirable characteristics.Menghasilkan tumbuhan yang seiras mengihtt ciri yang dikehendaki.

B Producing thousands of plants that can be used for commercial values.Menghasilkan beribu-ribu tumbuhan yang mempunyai nilai komersial.

C Prevent genetic variation between individuals.Menghalang variasi genetik antara individu.

D Preventing extinction of certain rare plants.Mengelakkan kepupusan tumbuhan yang jarang ditemui.

30 455u1


U1

5sEEE.SESrr aors=Ez

TraitTrait

50

455lllazoa9 Hak Cipta Jabatan Pelajaran perak

ST'LIT 31 455lll

INT'ORMATION FOR CAIYDIDATESMAKLUfuTAT ANTAK CALON

l. This question paper consists of 50 questions.Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 50 soalan.

2. Answer all questions.Jawab semua soalan.

3. Answer each question by blackening the correct space on the answer sheet.Jawab dengan menghitamlmn ruangan yang betul pada kertas jawapan.

4. Blacken only one space for each question.Hitamkan satu ruangan sahaja bagi setiap soalan.

5. If you wish to change your answe! erase the blackened mark that you have made. Then blackenthe space for the new answer.Sekiranya anda hendak menukar jawapan, padamkan tanda yang telah dibuat. Kemudianhitamkan jawapan yang baru.

6. The diagrams in the questions provided are not drawn to scale unless stated.Rajah yang mengiringi soalan tidak dilukis mengihtt skala kecuali dinyataknn.

7. You may use a non-programmable scientific calculator.Anda dibenarkan menggunakan lwlkulator saintifik yang tidak boleh diprogram.

[Lihat sebelahST'LIT


ST]LIT

NO. KAD PENGENALAN

AI{GKA GILIRA}I

PEPERIKSAAN PERCT]BAAI\NEGERI PERAK

PEPERIKSAAN PERNILAIAN BERSAMASIJIL PELAJARAN MALAYSIA 2OO9BIOLOGYKertas 2September

^lzT Jarn

4551t2

Dua jam tiga puluh minit

2.

J.

JAI\GAI\I BUKA KERTAS SOALAI\ INI SEHINGGA DIBERITAHU

1. Tulis nombor kad pengenalan danangka giliran anda pada ruangan yangdisediakan.

Kertas soalan ini adalah dalam dwibalrasa.

Soalan dalam balrasa krggeris mendahuluisoalan yang sepadan dalam bahasaMelayu.

Calon dibenarkan menjawab keseluruhanatau sebahagian soalan sama ada dalambahasa Inggeris atau batrasa Melayu.

Calon dikehendaki membaca maklumat dihalaman belakang kertas soalan ini.

Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 18 halaman bercetak dan 2 halaman tidak bercetalc

4.

5.


Untuk Kegunaan Pemeriksa

Kod Pemerilaa :

Bahagian Soalan MarkahPenuh

MarkahDiperoleh

A

I 13

2 T2

J t2

4 l2

5 1l

B

6 20

7 20

8 20

9 20Jumlah

455ll2azoo9 Hak cipta Jabatan pelajaran perak

STJLIT 2

Section ABahagian A[60 marks]

[60 markah]

Answer all the questions in this sectionJawab semua soalan dalam bahagian ini

1. Diagram I shows three types of human cells, P, Q andRajah I menunjukkan tiga jenis sel manusia, P, Q dan

Diagram IRajah I

(a) (i) Name cell P, Q and R.Namalan sel P, Q dan R.

P

45fln

R.R.qtR

/

{q/

a

Q:

R:[3 marks]

(iD State the tunction of P.Nyatakan fungsi P

I mark]

(iii) Explain ONE special characteristic of cell P which enables it to carry out thefunction you stated in (a)(ii) effrciently.Tbranglmn SATa ciri istimewa sel P yang membolehkannya menjalankan tugasyang anda nyataknn dalam (a)(il dengan cekap.

[2 marks]

pihat sebelahST'LIT

455ll2azno9 Hak cipta Jabatan Pelajaran Perak

ST]LIT

(b) (i) What is tissue?Apalwh tisu?

$fln

(ii) Cells R Q and'R will form specific organs.and systeins:in the',human body.Complete.the following table.Sel E Q dan R akan membentuk organ dan sistem'tbrtentu dalam tubuh manusia.Lenglmpkan j adual berihtt.

Type of eell'Jenis sel'

Type of:systemJenis siitem

P

aR

., [3 marks]

(c) Explain why multicellular organisms need cell organisation as compared to unicellularorganisms.Teranglwn mengapa organisma multisel memerlulan organisasi sel berb,anding denganorganisma unisel.

.,[3 marks]

[Lihat sebelahSI,]LIT

455ll2azw9.1lak Cipta Jabatan Pelajaran Perak

ST]LIT

2. Diagram 2.1 shows the production of extracellular enrymes.Rajah 2.1 rnenunjukJran penghasilan enzim luar sel.

(a) (i) Name the organelles labelled S and T.Namaknn organel yang berlabel S dan T.

455U2

Diagram 2.IRajah 2.1

S:

T:[2 marks]

(ii) State the function of organelle T.Nyatakan fungsi organel T.

(b) Synthesis of molecule Y is a very specific process. It depends oncontained in molecule X.Sintesis molehtl Y adalah proses yang spesifik. Ia bergantung kepadaterdapat dalam molehtl X.

(i) Name X.Namakan X.

[1 mark]

the information

maklumat yang

I mark]

(ii) Explain how information is carried out from the nucleus to organelle S.Tbranglmn bagaimana maklumat ini dibqwa kpluar dari nukleus ke organel S.

[2 marks]


455ll2azoo9 Hak Cipta Jabatan Pelajaran Perak

stiLIT s(c) Changes in molecule X will cause mutation.

Perubahan pada molehtl X akan menyebabkan mutasi.(i) Explain mutation.

Terangkan apakah mutas i.

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[2 marks](ii) Give one example of abnormality in human that caused by chromosomal mutation.

Berilran satu contoh ketidalotormalan dalam manusia yang dtsebabkan oleh mutasiIsomosom..

[1 mark](d) Diagram 2.2 below shows the red blood cells of an individual suffering from a type of

genetic disease.Raiah 2.1 di bawah menunjukkan perubahan dalam sel darah merah individu yangmenghidap sejenis penyadt genetik.

Diagram 2.2.Rajah 2.2.

(i) I*t the genetic disease that caused by abnormality of red blood cells shown inDiagram 2.2.Namakan penyakit genetik yang disebabkan oleh ketidaknormalan sel darah merahseperti yang ditunjukknn dalam Rajah 2.2.

(iD Explain the problem faced by thenamed in (dXi).Tbrangkan masalah yang dihadapidinamalran dalam d(i).

I mark]individual who is suffering from the disease

oleh individu yang menderita penyakit yang

[2 marks]


455ll2azoo9 Hak Cipta Jabatan pelajaran perak

SULIT 6 455u2

3. Diagram 3.1 shows some cells involved in the loss of water from a part of a leaf.Raiah 3.1 menuniukkan beberapa sel yang terlibat dalam kehilangan air dari sebahagiandaun.

Stoma Guard cellStoma Sel Pengawal

Diagram 3.1Rajah 3.1

(a) Name the tissues labelled X and Y.Namakan tisu yang berlabel X dan Y

X:

Y:[2 marks]

(b) On Diagram 3.1, use arrows (----+) to indicate the movement of water that resultsin the loss of water through transpiration.Pada Rajah 3.1, gunakan tanda anah panah (--------+ ) untuk menunjukkanpergerakkan air yang merryebabkan kehilangan air secara transpirasi.

[1 mark]

(c) (i)The bigger the size of the leaves, the higher the rate of

transpiration

Semakin besar saiz daun, semakin tinggi kadar transpirasi

Explain the above statement.Terangkan pernyataan di atas.

[2 marks]


455ll2ozoo9 Hak Cipta Jabatan Pelajaran perak

ST]LIT 7

Explain why the plants in mangrove swamp have small and shinykranglran mengapa tumbuhan di hutan paya bakau mempunyaidan berkilat.

455u2

leaves.daun yang kecil

(ii)

[2 marks]

(d) Transpiration is the loss of water from a living plant due to evaporation.State two extemal environmental conditions affecting the rate of transpiration.Transpirasi adalah proses kehilangon air pada tumbuhan secara penyejatan.Nyatakan dua keadaan persekitaran yang mempengaruhi kadar transpirasi.

[2 marks]

(e) Diagram 3.2 shows the opening of stomata during the midday.Rajah 3.2 menunjukkan bukaan stomato di waktu tengahari.

StomaStoma

Guard cellSel pengawal


Describe the changes that take place in guard cell which caused the above situation.Tbranglran perubahan yang berlaku dalam sel pengawal yang menyebabkan keadaan diatas.

[3 marks]

[Lihat sebelahSULIT

455LDOZOO9 Hak Cipta Jabatan Pelajaran perak

,sIJr,IT

4. Diagram 4 lh.gWq".e,!1gn n a,f.{l; .":. .,..., .. . Rgjah4 menunjukkgn lqngqt manatsiq,.,,,.

,.8

: t i . : ; ; , . . t f i t ; ; l , r

. : i : : :1 i , : : . : , -1

,455U2

[2 marks]

I mark]' , . ; "1. : : ; . . ; ; .1. ]

_r i , . r . - . . .

(ii) State the characterisfic of the tissue namea ih O)G).Nyatakan ciri pada tisu yang dinamakan dalam Olfrl

[1 mark]

(iD State the characteristic of the type of joint named in (c)(i).'Nyatafun etri' paild Jents'sendt ydng diniituiafuin di (c)(i).

*!'14frp*gpir$c cipta Jabatan Pelajaran Perak'1 { . i , . r ; : .

[1 mark]

,[Lihat ssb.elrhST'LIT

sul,rT 9 45sll2

Diagram 4.1 and 4.2 show two condition that may occur at the joint.Rajah 4.1 dan 4.2 menunjukkan dua keadaan yang mungkin berlaku di sendi.

Erode cartilageRawan menjadi haus

Bone endsrub togetherPenghujungtulangbergeselantara satusama lain

Swollen inflamedSynovial membraneMembran sinovialmembengkak

Dagram 4.1Rajah 4.1

Ddragnrn 4.2Rajah 4.2

(d) Differentiate the condition in Diagram 4.1 and 4.2.Bezalran lrcadaan pada Rajah 4.1 dan 4.2.

[1 mark]

(e) (i) Name the disease related to the condition in Diagram 4.1Namakan penyakit yang dikaitknn dengan keadaon dalam Rajah 4.1

(ii) Explain the disease you named in (e)(i).Terangkan penyakit yang anda namakan di (e)(1.

I mark]

(iii) State one factor that may increase the chances of anNyatakan satu faktor yang boleh meningkatkanmendapat penyakit ini.

[2 marks]

individual to get this disease.peluang seseorang individu

[1 mark]

Suggest one method that can be used to treat the disease in (eXi).Cadangkan satu kaedah yang boleh digunakan untuk merawat penyakit yangdinyatakan dalam (e) (i).

[1 mark]


(0

455ll2azoo9 Hak cipta Jabatan Pelajaran Perak

SI]LIT 10 4551n

5. Diagram 5 shows the human digestive system.Rajah 5 menunjukArnn sistem percernaan manusia.

RiceNasiFishIkonVegetablesSayuran

Diagram 5Rajah 5

(a) (i) Name an enzyme found in P.Namakan enzim yang terdapat di P

(ii)

I mark]

Based on your answer in (a)(i), write a word equation to show the process offood digestion in P.Berdasarknn jawapan di (a)(i), tuliskan persamaan perkataan bagi menunjukkanproses pencernactn makanan di P

[2 marks]

(b) (i) State the final product of protein digestion in S.Nyatakan hasil terakhir pencernaan protein di S.

I mark]

(ii) State one importance of the final product that stated in (b)(i).Nyatakan satu kepentingan hasil akhir yang dinyatalran dalam (b)(i).

I mark]


455l?azoo9 Hak Cipta Jabatan Pelajaran Perak

STJLIT 1 411rtz

(c) (i) Based on Diagram 5, name the food that contains carbohydrate.Berdasarkan Rajah 5, namalmn makanan yang mengandungi karbohidrat.

[1 mark]

(ii) Name an enzyme involved in the digestion of carbohydrate in R.Namolwn enzim yang terlibat dalam pencernaan karbohidrat di R.

[1 mark]

(d) State one importance of roughage in digestion.Nyatalran satu kepentingan serat dalam pencernaan.

[1 mark]

(e) After having a meal as shown in Diagram 5, the blood glucose level in the bodyincreases.Explain the function of Q in regulating the blood glucose level.Selepas pengambilan malanan seperti yang ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 5, aras glukosadalam dalam darah alcan meningkat.Teranglran peranan Q di dalam pengawalaturon are$ glukosa dalam darah.

[3 marks]


455ll2ozoo9 Hak Cipta Jabatan pelajaran perak

SULIT t2 455u2

Section BBahagian B[40 marks]

[40 markahJ

Answer any two questions from this section.Jmtab mana-mana dua soalan daripada bahagian ini.

MuscleOtot

OxygenOI<sigen

Carbon dioxideKarbon dioksida

Trakea

Diagram 6Rajah 6

Diagram 6 shows the hacheal system of an insect.Rajah 6 menunjuklcan sistem trakea pada serangga.

(a) Define simple diffirsion.Talriflran re sapan ringlms. [3 marks]

(b) Based on Diagram 6, explain the gases exchange between the tracheoles and muscle cells.Berdasarknn Rajah 6, terangkan pertukaran gas di antara trakiol dan sel-sel otot.

[5 marks]

(c) Explain the role of oxygen in the muscle cells.Tbrangkan peranan olaigen di dalam sel-sel otot.

[4 marks]

(d) Describe the comparison between the respiratory system in insects and human.Jelaslmn perbandingan di antara sistem respirasi serangget dan manusia.

[g marks]

[Lihat sebelahSULIT

TracheoleTrakiol

6.

4551?;azoo9 Hak Cipta Jabatan Pelajaran Perak

SULIT 455u2

7. (a) What is fertilization?Apakah persenyavtaan? [2 marks]

O) Diagram 7.1 shows the transfening of pollen grains onto the stigma and fertilizationbetween male and female gamete.Describe the processes that take place in Diagram 7.1Rajah 7.1 menuniukkan pemindahan butir debunga ke atas stigma dan persenyawaanantara gamet jantan dan gamet betina.Teranglan proses-proses yang berlaku dalam Rajah 7.1

[8 marks]

Endosperm nucleus(from 3 nuclei) p

AntherAnter

t3

fi*::T':m;!f*"zygote(from, *"i"ffi** *u iZigot (dari 2 nukteus) | *i r,in

"*6jl fillsac tn l l tl'M{Hir ll\

Percambahandebunga

Growth ofpollen tubePertumbuhantiub debunga

Pollen hrbeTiub debunga


[tihat sebelahST]LIT

455l2azoo9,Hak Cipta Jabatan pelajaran perak

l4SULIT

(c)

Follicle Olulation

ProgesffonProgestron

{)>sssE6O-q

Fq

:l"l <i

-5s

: IL

l ts9=

EI

oSrsJi "$osD

FV

C)

9s

dM

E*A ^o,H\

*#@@[email protected]

OestrogenEstrogen

FSH

13 5 11 13 15 r7 19 2L 23

Dira$an1.2Rajah 7.2

Diagram 7.2 shows the hormonal secretion and regulation during the menstrual cycle.

Based on the diagram, discuss the relationship between the following:

Rajah 7.2 menunjukkan perembesan dan pengawalaturan hormon semasa kitar haid.

Berdasarkan rajah tersebut, bincangknn kaitan antara yang berikut:

i. hormonal levels and the development of follicles,aras hormon dan perkembangan folikel,

ii. ovulation and formation of the corpus luteum,ovulasi dan pembentukan korpus luteum

iii. hormonal levels and changes in thickness of the endometrium.

aras hormon dan perubahan ketebalan pada endometrium.

455u2

[10 marks]

[Lihat sebelahSULIT

455ll2azao9 Hak Cipta Jabatan Pelajaran Perak

SULIT

8. (a)

(b)

Cell division Pr'*,uoiosiii sit r *@

@: l@Cell division Q ,A

Pembahagian Set Q ((tt H\

-/r\VKry -|'

15

Explain the significance of cell division for living organisms.Tbr anglran' lrepentingan pemb ahagian s e I kepada organi sma hidup.

Diagram 8.1 shows two different types of cell division, p and e whichthe somatic cell and testis respectively.Raiah 8.1 menuniukkan dua jenis pembahagian sel, P dan Q yang berlaht di dalamsel soma dan testis masing-masing.

@@@,A\g,


Based on Diagram 8.1, differentiate the cell division, P and e.Berdasarlran Rajah 8.1, bezakan pembahagian sel P dan Q.

455u2

[4 marks]

take place in

[6 marks]

[Lihat sebelahSULIT

455ll20zaO9 Hak Cipta Jabatan pelajaran perak

SULIf

&6{n@2ru*,i}I-d.!( Cipta Jabatan Pelajaran Perak-*,

Guide : l-l Normal male A Normal femhle

Petunjuk | | tetakt normal Q Perempuan normal

fy:tr;fy:;ffi o Fnv#::'f#]i, "

1"6 4551,fl8

[10 marks]

[il,ftote$dbhSULIT

(c) Diagram 8.2 shows. Adan?s and Aliselsr&rnily;podigree f'or haemophilia, .

Rajah 8.2 meilunJuklwrc:salwi'lah ketuarga )Adatn dan Alice.untuk hemofilia.

Adam

Diagram 8.2Rajqh'8.2

Based on Diaglam B2,- dsCuss the, inhdritance of the haemophilia gene in Adam's family.Berdasarlran Rajah 8.2, bincangknn pewarisan gen hemofilia'dalam keluarga Adam.

ST]LIT

9. (a)

r7 4SSU2

Diagram 9 shows different tlpes of interaction between organisms in the ecosystem.Raiah 9 menuniuklwn interaksi yang berbeza antara organisma dalam ekosistem.

mosquito and humanParasitisme - interalcsi antara

' nyamuk denganmcnusia

Saprophytism

Saprofitisme

Mutualism - interaction between bacteria. Rhizobium sp. and nodules of

legumes rootMutualisme - interalrsi antara baWeria

Rhizobium sp. dengan nodulakar kekacang

- interaction betweenfungus and dead tree

- interaksi antara kulatdan batang reput

Diagram 9Rajah 9

Based on Diagram 9, explain the importance of those three interactions in the ecosystem.Berdasarkan Raiah 9, terangkan kepentingan ketiga-tiga interalcsi tersebut iepadaekosistem'

tro marksl

(b) Most of the human activities cause a lot of problems to the ecosystem.Discuss the importance of planned activities to avoid destruction of the ecosysrem.Kebanyakan aktiviti .manusia menyebabkan banyak kerosakan kepada ekosistem.Bincangknn kepentingan ahiviti yang dirancang untuk mengelakkan kemusnahan kB atasalam sekitar

[10 marks]

END OF QUESTION PAPERKERTAS SOALAN TAMAT

4551/2azoo9 Hak Cipta Jabaran pelajaran perak

I

SULIT

STJLIT 18

INT'ORMATION FOR CAI\IDIDATESMAKLUII,IAT WTUK CALON

4551n

This question paper consists of two sections : Section A and Section B.

Kerti soalan ini mengandungi dua bahagian : Bahagian A dan Bahagian B.

Answer all questions in Section A. Write your answers for Section A in the spaces provided

in the question paper.Jav,ab i"^uo soalan dalam Bahagian A, Jawapan anda bagi Bahagian A hendaklah ditulis

pada ruang yang disediaknn dalam kertas soalan ini'

Answer any two questions from Section B. Write your answers for Section B on the 'helaian

tambahan'provided by the invigilators. You may use equations, diagrams, tables, graphs and

other suitable methods to explain your answer.Jawab mana-mana dua soalan daripada Bahagian B, Jawapan anda bagi Bahagian B

hendaklah dintis datam helaian tambahan yang dibetrallwn oleh pengcwas peperiksaan. Anda

boleh menggunakan persamaan, rajah, jadual, graf dan cara lain yang sesuai untuk

menj elaslwn i awapan anda.

The diagrams in the questions are not drawn to scale gnless stated.

Rajah yang mengiringi soalan tidak dilukis mengihtt slmla kecuali dirryatalwn.

The marks allocated for each questions or sub-part of the question are shown in brackets.

Markah yang diperuntukkan bagi setiap soalan atau ceraian soalan ditunjukkan dalam

kurungan.

If you wish to change your answer, cross out the answer that you have done. Then write

down the new answer.Jilm anda hendak menuftar ja'wapan, batallwn jawapan yang telah dibuat. Kemudian tulis

jawapan yang baru.

You may use a non-progralnmable scientific calculator.Anda dibenarftan menggunakan kallattator saintifik yang tidak boleh diprogramlwn'

you are advised to spend 90 minutes to answer questions in Section A and 60 minutes for

Section B.Anda dinasihati supaya mengambil masa 90 minit untuk meniawab soalan dalam Bahagian

A dan 60 minit untuk Bahagian B'

Detach Section B from this question paper. Tie the 'helaian tambahan' together with this

question paper and hand in to the invigilator at the end of the examination.

terailwn iahagion B daripada kertas soolan ini. IImt helaian tambahan bersama'sama

lrertas soalan ini dan serahlun kepada pengcMas peperilcsaan pada affitir peperiksaan

l .

J.

4.

5.

7.

9.

455ll2azoo9 Hak Cipta Jabatan Pelajaran PerakSI,JLIT

ST'LIT

NO. KAD PENGENALAN

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ANGKA GILIRA}I

PEPERIKSAAIT PERCT]BAAI\NEGERI PERAK

PEPERIKSAAN PERNILAIAN BERSAMASIJIL PELAJARAN MALAYSIA 2OO9 455113BIOLOGYKertas 3September

t| iam Satu jam tiga puluh minit

JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAI\ INI SEHINGGA DIBERITAHU

Tulis nombor kad pengenalan dan angkagiliran anda pada ruangan yang disediakan.

Kertas soalan ini adalah dalam dwibahasa.

Soalan dalam bahasa Inggeris mendahuluisoalan yang sepadan dalam bahasa Melayu.

Calon dibenarkan menjawab keseluruhanatau sebahagian soalan sama ada dalambahasa Inggeris atau bahasa Melayu.

Calon dikehendaki membaca maklumat dihalaman belakang kertas soalan ini.

2

J

Untuk Kegunaan Pemeriksa

Kod Pemeriksa :

Soalan MarkahPenuh

MarkahDinerolehi

I aaJJ

2 t7

Jumlah 50

Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 12 halaman bercetak

[Lihat sebelahSULIT


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2

Answer all questions.Jawab semua soalan.

455u3

The colour of the soil determines the level of soil fertilityll'arna tanah menunj ulckan tahap ke subur annya

Table 1.1 shows the different types of soil and its colour.Jadual 1.1 menuniukkan tanah-tanah berlainan jenis dan warna masing-masing.

Tlpe of soil Colour of soil I Warna tanahSandy I Berpasir Yellowish / Kelwningan

Clay / Tanah liat Brownish I Keperangan

Silty / Berlumpur Dark grey I Kelabu gelap

Loamy I Berloam Black I Hitam

Table l.l / Jadual l.I

Based on the information given, a group of students carried out an experiment to investigatethe growth rate of a plant in different types of soil.Berdasarkan maklumat yang diberilran, sekumpulan pelajar menjalankan elcsperimen untukmengkaji kadar pertumbuhan suatu jenis tumbuhan di dalam tanah yang berlainan jenis.

The following steps were carried out:Langlrah-l angkah e ksp er imen adalah s ep er ti b er i kut :

Step 1

Langkah I

Step 2

Langknh 2

Step 3

Langkah 3

Step 4

Langknh 4

Four beakers are each filled with 3009 of sandy soil, clay soil, silty soil andloamy soil respectively.

Empat buah bikar masing-masing diisi dengan 3009 tanah berpasir,tanah liat, tanah berlumpur dan tanah berloam.

One red bean is put in each beaker.

Satu biji kacong merah dimasukkan ke dalam setiap bikar.

Each beaker is watered with 30 ml of water daily.

Setiap bikor disiram dengan 30 ml air setiap hari.

After 3 days, the root's length is measured as in Diagram 1.1.

Selepas 3 hari, panjang akar diuhtr seperti pada Rajah 1.1.

[Lihat sebelahSULIT

455ll3azoo9 Hak Cipta |abatan pelajaran perak

ST'LIT 4ssu3

Ruler

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 I 9 10 11 12 13

Diagram l.Il Rajah l.I

Table 1.2 shows the length of the root from different type of soil.Jadual 1.2 menunjukkan panjang akar dari tanah yang berlainan jenis.

SoilTanah

MeasurementPengularan

Length /cmPanjang /cm

SandyBerpasir

-

1i l i l1 i l i l1 i l i l 1 i l i l 1 i l i l 1 i l i l1 i l i l1 i l i l1 i l i l1 i l i l1 i l i l1 i l i l1 i l i l1 i l i l10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 I I 10 11 12 13

ClayTanah liat wrrlilillili l l i l i lw

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 I S 10 1112 13

SiltyBerlumpur

0 'f 2 3 4 5 6 7 I I 10 11 12 13

LoamyBerloam 1i l i l1 i l i l1 i l i l 1 i l i l 1 i l i l 1 i l i l1 i l i l1 i l i l1 i l i l1 i l i l1 i l i l1 i l i l1 i l i l1 i l i l1

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 I I 10 11 12 13

Table t.2l Jadual 1.2

(a) Record the length of the root of the red bean in the spaces provided in Table 1.2.Catatlron panjang akar kacang merah pada ruang yang disediakan dalam Ja&tal 1.2.

[3 marks]

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: $ULIT 4551/3

(b) (i) State two different observations made from the Table 1.2Nyatalwn dua pemerhatian yang berbeza yang dibuat berdasarkan Jadual 1.2

Observation 1:Pemerhatian I:

-Observation 2:'Pemerhatian 2:

t3 marksl

(ii) State the inferences from the observations in l(b)(i).Nyatalran inferins berdasarkan pemirhattan di l(b)(r.

Inference from observation 1:Inferens berdasarkan pernerhatian I :

Inference from observation 2:Inferens berdasarkan pemerhatian 2 :

[3 marks]

[Lihat sdbelehST]LIT

455*/3ozo09 Hak Cipta Jabatan Pelajaran Pcrak

ST]LIT 4,55113

(c) Complete Table 1.3 based on this experiment: ,Lenglapkan Jadual 1.3 berdasarlan eksperimen ini.

VariablePembolehubah

Method'to handle the variableCara mengendalikan pembolehubah

Manipulated variableP emb o I e hub ah dimanipul as i kan

Responding variableP embolehubah bergerak balas

Constant variableP embolehubah dimalarlmn

Table l.3l Jadual 1.3[3 marks]

(d) State the hypothesis for this experiment.Nyatakan hipotesis bagi eluperimen ini

[3 marks]


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4551-/3o,zoo9-Hek cipta Jabatan Pclajaran Perak

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(e) (i) Constnrct a table and recqrd all,tlre,data'collected,irr'tliis experiniqnf,.Bina satu jadual dan rgkodkan,;sernua data,yang dihintpul dalam efuperimen ini.

Your table sho.;{.{"have.the folloWinE aspbcts: .tiauat anda hiiigl. anda hendaHah mengandqngr aspek-aspek berihtt:

Type of soilJenis tanah

- Length of the rootPanjang akar

- Growth rate of the rootKadar pertwnbuhan akar

Use the formula:

Growttr rate = length'of the rootume

Guna formula :

Kadar pertumbuhan : Paniang akartnasa

ii1t

[3 marks]

llrihntr:scbelnhST]LIT

STJLIT 4551/3

(ii) Use the graph paper provided on page 9 to answer this question.Using the data in l(e)(i), draw a bar chart to show the relationship between thecolour of the soil and the length of the red bean's root.

Guna kertas graf yang disediakan di halaman 9 untuk menjawab soalan ini.Menggunakan data di l(e)(t), lukis satu carta bar untuk menunjukkan perhubunganantara jenis tanah dengan panjang akar lmcang merah.

[3 marks]

(f) Based on the bar chart in l(e)(ii), explain the relationship between the length of theroot and the colour of the soil.Berdasarknn carta bar di l(e)(ii), terangkan hubungan antara panjang akar dan warnatanah.

[3 marks]

State the operational definition of the growth.Nyatalran deJinisi secara operasi bagi pertumbuhan.

[3 marks]

If the experiment is carried out by using loamy soil mixed with cow d*g, predict thelength of the root after 3 days.Explain your prediction.Sekiranya eksperimen itu dijalankan dengan menggunakan tanah berloam bercampurdengan najis lembu, ramalkan panjang akar selepas 3 hari.Teranglrnn ramalan anda.

(e)

o)

I

[3 marks]

[Lihat sebelahSULIT


SUI,IT

455UQ9?009,SS cinta Jabatan Pelajaran Perak

I . : i ' , , : ; . * ' j ' i : ; ' ' , l : '

; i ; : : , . . , t : :1.1,- ; : f ' . . . ; i . : i , l i

' . : . : ' ;,, " ' '" ' , ' , ' '1..: ' : ' ' '- '

455f13

Sekumpulan pelajgr.",Iqin ,tefuh. te6gnjgtrenkqh:dkspetfinen:.ini.i;untulc,mengkaji polapertumbuhan bagi organisma berihtt.

,gaqthoppel,,:,belalang

cocl(roach

[ipis" : l'':: "

f ish . , , : . . : :ilmn

maize plant

poknk jaguiig

paddy plaqt

potrok padi

'Classiff the above organisms into their growth pattem in Table 1.4.Kelaslran organisma di atas mengil.clt(-polg Oefiyffiulw,unyo dalam Jdual,l.4.

Sigmoid culveLenghngan sigmoid

' ' "Sifies of steps curveLenghtngan siri bertangga

Table 1.4 I Jaduql .L4

. : . " - - '

13 morks I

ll.'.ihat s$bdahSI.]LIT

SULIT 9

The length of the root against the colour of the soilPanjang akar melawan warna tanah

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4551/3OzOo9 Hak Cipta Jabatan pelajaran perak

SULIT 455u3

2. All living organisms constantly need to exchange substances with their surroundings in order

to survive and grow. The exchange of substances such as water occurs across the plasma

membrane of the cells by diffusion. The rate of diffirsion of the substances across the plasma

membrane in organisms depend on the total surface area to volume (TSA/V) ratio.Diagram 2.1 shows the TSA/V ratio for unicellular and multicellular organisms.

Semua organisma memerluknn pertukaran bahan dengan persekitarannya untuk meneruskanproses hidup. Pertuksran bahan contohnya aif berlaht merentasi membran plasma melalui

proses resapan. Kadar resapqn merentasi membran plasma adalah bergantung kepada nisbahjumlah luas permulman terhadap isipadu (JLP/|.Jadual 2.1 menunjukknn nisbah JLP/I bagi organisma unisel dan multisel.

10

€NLN

>\- - tflE

UnicellularUnisel

MulticellularMultisel

Type of organismJenis organisma

Diagram 2.ll Jadual 2.1

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SULIT 11 4551/3

Base on the above information design a laboratory experiment to study the effect of totalsurface area to volume (TSA/V) ratio towards the rate of diffi.rsion of substances by usingpotato.

Berdasarksn maklumat di atas, reka bentuk satu elaperimen rnalonal untuk mengpaji pesannisbah iumlah luas permukaan terhadap isipadu kepada lcadar'resapan bagi sesuatu bahanmenggunakan ubi lentang.

The planning of your experiment must include the following aspects:Perancangan eksperimen anda hendaklah meliputi aspek-aspek berihtt:

Problem statementPernyataan masalah

o Aim of investigationObjehif kajian

o HypothesisHipotesis

o VariablesPembolehubah

o List of apparatus and materialsSenarai alat radas dan bahan

o Technique usedTeknik yang digunakan

' Experimental procedure or methodProsedur atau knedah elaperimen

' Presentation of dataPersembahan data

t ConclusionKesimpulan

END OF QUESTION PAPERKERTAS SOAI-/IN TAMAT


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INT'ORMATION FOR CANDIDATESfuUKLUfuTAT UNTUK CALON

455u3

l. This question paper consists of 2 questions: Question 1 and Question 2.Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 2 soalan: Soalan I dan Soalan 2.

2. Answer all questions. Write your answers for Question I in the spaces provided in thisquestion paper.Jawab semaa soalan. Jawapan anda bagi Soalan I hendaklah ditulis pada ruang yangdisediaknn dalam kertas soalan ini.

3. Write your answers for Question 2 on the 'helaian tambahan' provided by the invigilators.You may use equations, diagrams, tables, graphs and other suitable methods to explain youranswers.Jawapan anda bagi Soalan 2 hendaklah ditulis dalam helaian tambahan yang dibekatkanoleh pengawas peperilaaan. Anda boleh menggunakan persamaan, rajah, jadual, graf dancara lain yang sesuai untuk menjelaskan jawapan anda.

4. Show your working, it may help you to get marks.Tunjukkan kerja kira-mengira, ini membantu anda mendapatkan markah.

5. The diagrams in the questions are not drawn to scale unless stated.Rajah yang mengiringi soalan tidak dilukis mengihtt skala kecuali dirryatalcan.

6. The marks allocated for each question or sub-part of a question are shown in brackets.Markah yang diperuntukkan bagi setiap soalan atau ceraian soalan ditunjukkan dalamkurungan.

7. If you wish to change your answer, cross out the answer that you have done. Then writedown the new answer.Jika anda hendak menukar janapan, batalkan jawapan yang telah dibuat. Kemudian tulisjawapan yang baru.

8. You may use a non-prograrnmable scientific calculator.Anda dibenarkan menggunakan kalkulator saintifik yang tidak boleh diprogram.

9. You are advised to spend 45 minutes to answer Question I and 45 minutes for Question 2.Anda dinasihati supaya mengambil masa 45 minit untuk menjawab Soalan I dan 45 minituntuk Soalan 2.

10. Detach Question 2 from this question paper. Tie the 'helaian tambahan' together with thisquestion paper and hand in to the invigilator at the end of the examination.Ceraiknn Soalan 2 daripada kertas soalan ini. Ikat helaian tambahan bersama-sama kertassoalan ini dan serahkqn kepada pengawas peperiksaan pada akhir peperilrsaan.

455ll3azoo9 Hak Cipta Jabatan Pelajaran PerakSULIT

I C 2l D 41 A

2 c 22 A 42 BaJ B 23 D 43 c4 B 24 A 44 D

) C 25 C 45 A

6 A 26 B 46 c7 C 27 A 47 D

8 D 28 c 48 B

9 c 29 D 49 D

l0 B 30 A 50 cu A 3l A

t2 B 32 B

l3 B JJ D

t4 A J.+ D

t5 B 35 B

L6 D 36 ct7 B 37 B-

t8 B 38 B

l9 B 39 A

20 B 40 c

PAPER 1 PERCUBAAN SPM 2OO9- BIOLOGY

ANSWERING SCHEME BIOLOGY PAPER 2SECTION A

No. Explanation Marks Remarks1(a)(i) P - Red blood cell / erythrocyte

Q - Muscle cellR - Neuron / Nerve cell

111 Total-3

1(aXi i) Transoorts oxvoen from the lunos to all bodv cells 1 Total-11(a)(iii)F1 - have no nucleus

E1 - so it have more space to fil l in by haemoglobinOR

F2 - have very thin plasma membraneE2- so the gases exchange can take place faster

ORF3 - contain haemoglobin / respiratory pigmentE3 - can combine with oxygen to form oxyhaemoglobin

14

1It

11

Any pair ofFandE

Total-21(bxi) A group of same cells which have same structure ancl

same function

AI Must have

word samecell

Total- 11(bxii)P - Circulatory system

Q - Muscular systemR - Nervous system

t# Don't accept transport sysfem, skeletalsysfem and neruesvstern

4I

11

Total- 3

1(c) - multicellular organisms need more food' oxygen andmust get rid more waste products compare tounicellular organisms

- multicellular organisms cannot depend on simpleprocesses such as diffusion, osmosis, phagocytosis,binary fission compare to unicellular organisms

- so multicellular organisms mqst have tissue' organsand systems to enable it carry out allfunctionseffectively compare to unicellular organisms

- each tissues, organs and system can carry out thespecific function in multicellular organisms compareto unicellular organisms

## sfudents must show the comparison to get the marks

1

I

1

I

Any 3

Total-3

TOTAL I3 MARKS

2(aXi) S : RibosomesT: Golgi apparatus

14 Total - 2

2(aXii) Golqi apparatus processes, modifies and packs the enzyme 1 Total- 1

2(b)fi) ln the form of oenes/DNA 1 Total- 12(bxii) pt- Orun replicates/opens/unwinds for the synthesis of

RNAJmessenger-RNAP2- (Genetic information) in DNA is copied to RNAP3- RNA moves out of the nucleus and attaches itself on the

Ribosomes

4I

11

Any2P

Total- 2

2(cXi) F suddent and random change in nucleotide sequence ofDNA / genetic composition of a cell / particular gene /chromosomes /i permanent changes in DNA structure

E1- can occur in cellsE2- can be inherited causing abnormal development in

offspring.

1

11

F and any1E

Total - 2

2(c)(ii) - Down's syndrome/ Klinefelter's syndrome/ Turner'ssyndrome/ Trisomy X

1Total- 1

2(dxi) - Sickle-cell anaemia 1 Total- 1

2(dxii) F- Red blood cellcontains less haemoglobin'E1- less oxygen will combined with haemoglobin.E2- less oxygen to be transported to the body cell/

can be used in cellular respiration

I

1I

F andany E

Total - 2TOTAL 12 MARKS

3(a) XY

xylem vesselssponqy mesophyll

I

1 Total - 2

3(b)

1 Total- 1

3(cXi) F - More water will diffuse out from the leaf.El- Surface area that exposed to surrounding is bigger /

largerE2- Number of stomata is higher / morg stomata

11

1

F and anyIE

Total - 2

3(cXii) F- Smatt and shiny leaves will reduce rate of transpiration.E1- small leaves have less stoma // small leave have less

surface area that exPosed to lightE2- cuticle layer contain waxy materialwhich prevent

excessive water loss

11

1

F and anyE

Total- 2

t 'e

3(d) P1- Light intensityP2- temperatureP3- humidityP4- air movement

1111

Any2P

Total - 23(e) F - large amount / higher concentration of glucose in guard

cells produced by the photosynthesisE1 - K+ ions are actively pumped'from surrounding

epidermal cells into the guard cellE2 - it causes osmotic pressure in guard cells increase llthe

guard cell become more concentrated than neighbourcells / adjacent cells

E3 - water from neighbour cells move in the guard cells byosmosis

E4 - the guard cells become turgid and curve outward and

1

1

1

1

4

F andany 2E

stomata open Total - 3

TOTAL 12 MARKS4 (a) P: Humerus

Q: Ulna4I

I

Total - 24 (bxi) Ligament 1 Total-14(bxii) Tough fibrous connective tissue // elastic 1 Total-14(cXi) Hinqe ioint I Total-14(cXii) Allows movement in one direction / axisfat 180o 1 Total-14 (d) The cartilage in diagram 4.1 wears off whereas cartilage in

diagram 4.2 is not wear off llSynovial membrane in diagram4.2 swollen whereas Synovialmembrane in diagram,4.1 notswollen.

1

Total-14(e)fi) Osteoarthritis 1 Total-14(eXii) F - Cartilage wears off and tears off.

El - Friction takes place.E2 - Individualfeels pain during movement.

1I

4I

F and E1or E2

Total- 24ff \ Aqe / dief I Total-14 (g) Medication / surgery to replace the damaged joints with the

artificial ones made of olastic or metalI Total-1

TOTAL 12 MARKS5 (aXi) Pepsin / Rennin 1 Total- 1

5(a)(i i)6) Pepsin (l)

Protein -----=.5 Polypeptides / peptone

orRennin

Caseinoqen ---------------- Casein(Soluble) (lnsoluble)

z

z

5(a)(i) and(a)(ii) are

dependent

Total- 2

5(bxi) Amino acids 1 Total- 15(b)(ii) P1 - Build new cells / groMh

P2 - Repair or renew damaged cellP3 - Producing enzyme i antibody / hormone

111

Anyl P

Total- 15(cXi) Rice / any source of carbohvdrate 1 Total- 15(cXil) Amylase / pancreatic amvlase 4 Total- 15 (d) Aids in peristalsis // avoid constipation 1

Total- 15 (e) F - Q / pancreas secretes insulin

El - Insulin stimulate the conversion of glucose intoglycogen / the rate of respiration is increased

E2 - Reduce the blood qlucose level into normal

,|

1

1 Total- 3TOTAL 11

ANSWERING SCHEMESECTION B

No. Explanation Marks Remarks6a Pl - Simple diffusion is the net movement of molecules /

lonsP2 - from a region of high (molecules) concentration to a

region of lower concentrationP3 - follow the concentration gradientP4 - Occurs until dynamic equilibrium is achieved

1

1

11

Any 3

Total- 3

6b F - There are concentration gradient of oxygen and carbondioxide between tracheoles & body cells

El - (simple) diffusion can take placeE2 - Oxygen concentration / partial pressure is higher in

the tracheoles while the concentration of oxygen islower in the cells

E3 - Oxygen diffuses directly from the tracheoles intci thecells

E4 - Carbon dioxide concentration is higher in the cellswhile lower in the tracheoles

E5 - Carbon dioxide diffuses directly from the cells intotracheoles

1

11

1

1

1

F andany 4E

Total- 56c F - Oxygen oxidised the glucose molecule.

E1 - cellular respiration / aerobic respiration takes place in musclecells

E2 - ATP / energy is releasedE3 - Produces carbon dioxide and water as by product / waste

productE4 - Energy is used for contraction and relaxation of

muscle cells/ movement of insect

1

1111

F with any 3E

Total - 46d Similarities:

F1 -The structure oftracheal system and tracheabranches into small tubes

El - Increase the total surface area of tracheole/alveolus so thatincrease the efficiency of gases exchange

F2 - Moist surfaces on tracheole and alveolusE2 - Oxygen and carbon dioxide can dissolve easilyF3 - Very thin wall of tracheole and alveolusE3 - To ensure the simple diffusion can take place easily

I

11

1II

1

Any pair ofFandErelated

4

lnsect Asoects HumanF4 - Consist ofspiracle, trachea andtracheoles.

E4 - Air enters throughspiracle into tracheoles

F5 - Tracheolesdirectly contact with themuscle cells.

E5 - lncrease thediffusion of orygen intocells

F6 - Trachea isreinforced with ring ofchitin

E6 - Prevent thetrachea from collapsingdue to different airpressure

RespiratoryStructure

Consist of nose,trachea, bronchus,bronchioles andalveolus. "

Air enters throughnose into the lungs /alveolus

Alveolus issurrounded by alarge network ofblood capillaries

Increase the diffusionof orygen into theblood capillaries

Trachea is reinforcedwith ring of cartilage

P5 - Prevent thetrachea fromcollapsing

F7 - Does not havered blood celltotransport oxygen

E7 - Oxygen is nottransported in the body

Oxygentransportation

Has red blood cells totransport oxygenthrough bloodvessels

Oxygen istransported by redblood cells aroundthe body

F8 - Oxygen diffusesdirectly from therespiratory structureinto the cells

The diffusionof oxygen into

the cells

Oxygen needs to betransported into thecells and thendiffuses into the cells

E8 - Carbon dioxide isdirectly released fromthe cells intotracheoles

Product ofrespiration

Carbon dioxideproduced diffusesinto the bloodcapillary thentransported into thelungs.

Remark : Answer in table maximum score = 2

Dfierences:

1

1

1

.lI

I

1

1

1

1

1

Any 3 pairofF&Erelated

Total- 8

TOTAL 20 Marks

I

7a Process where nucleus of male gamete fuse with nucleus offemale gameteBoth gametes are haploidZyqote diploid will form

1

11

Any ?

7b Pollen grains transfer onto stigmaBy pollinating agent e.g animal / water / wind '

Pollen grain will stick onto the stigma because stigma issticky // pollen grain have rough surfaceThe sucrose solution on the stigma stimulate pollen grain togerminatePollen tube will grow until it reaches the pore at the embryosac / microphyllNucleus tube lead the elongation of pollen tubeAs nucleus tube moved forward, generative nucleus followedbehind,generative nucleus undergoes mitbsis to form 2 malegametesone of the male gamete fertilized the egg cell in the embryosac to form diploid zygotethe other male gamete fertilized 2 polar nuclei to form triploidendospermboth processes take place at the same time, so it calleddouble fertilization

114I

1

4

11

1

I

1

1

Any 8

7c Hormonal level and follicle development- Pituitary secretes more FSH- FSH transported to the ovary by blood- FSH stimulate development of the follicle- When the follicle develops into Graafian follicle, level of FSH

wil l reduce

Ovulation and formation of corpus luteum- When Graafian follicle form, LH will secreted by pituitary- Level of LH become maximum at day 10 - 14 / fertile time

for the women- LH willstimulate the ovulation- When follicle release the secondary oocyte into fallopian

tube, the follicle without secondary oocyte called corpusluteum

Hormonal level and thickness of endometrium- Wall of the follicle secretes oestrogen- lt will stimulate the thickening of endometrium for

implantation- When ovulation occurs, the secretion of oestrogen stops.- corpus luteum will secretes progestron to continue the

function of oestrogen- When menstruation occur, oestrogen and progestron level

will decreases

111I

4I

I

1

I

4I

14I

1

Minimumany 3

marks fromeach

subtitle

Total- 10

TOTAL 20

8a F1 - MitosisE1 - Produce new cells which identical to the parent cellE2 -To replace the dead / damaged cellsF2 - MeiosisE3 -To reproduce sexually / new individual / offspring .E4 -To produce new haploid cell from diploid mothdi cell /

qametes

II

11111

Any2Fwith 2 Ecorrectly

8bNo. of daughter cells I One parent cell produced 2 daughter cellproduced I by P and produced 4 dauqhter cell bv Q

,1I

1

1

I

I

I

1

1

Any 6correct

comparisonNo. of chromosomes Daughter cell receive same number of

chromosomes as parent cell in P butreceived half of the parent cell'schromosomes in Q

Crossing over There are no crossing over take placedin P but it occurrdd in Q

Synapsis Synapsis between the homologouschromosome not take place in P but takeolaced in Q

No. of nucleardivision

Nuclear division occurred only once in Pbut twice in Q

No. of cytokinesis Cytokinesis occurred once in P but twiceinQ

Place P take place in somatic cells, but Q takeolace in reoroductive oroans

Characteristic ofdaughter cells

P produced daughter cells whiih identicalto the parent cell, but Q produceddaughter cell which have variationcompare to the parent cell

8c Adam is normal man with genotype XHY and Alice is carrierwith genotype XHXhAdam produce gametes XH and Y and Alice producegametes XH and Xh by meiosisSperm and ovum will fertilized to produce zygoteZygote will develop to new individual;The chances to get the baby is %heterozygote girl (carrier),l,homozygote girl , /,normal boy and !4 hemophilic boyAdam's son produce gametes contain Xn and gametescontain Y; his wife produced gametes XH and XhTheir son % is normal , % is hemophilic, lq girl is normal and% girl is hemophilicThat's mean 50% of their children have a chance to behemophilicSo the chances to get hemophilic children increases as thenew generation formIn this case, Adam should not marry Alice, if he marry Alice,they must take some prevention of getting children.They can use physical method (e.g using condom),chemical method (e.g using spermicide) or natural method(used rhythm method) to avoid pregnancy.They also can have genetic counseling before getting marry.

aI

AI

11I

1

1

,|

1

1

1

1

Any 10

Total- 10

TOTAL 209a Parasitism between mosquito and human

- Mosquito is external parasite- lt act as vector- Transmitted the pathogen e.g Plasmodium sp., from the

malaria patient to other individual- Caused diseases- That disease can spread faster in the community, because

the mosquito can bite infected person then bite others.

Mutualism between Rhizobium sp. and legumes plants- Rhizobium sp. get the habitat , food and protection from

legumes plants- Legumes plants do not have ability to produce nitrate from

nitrogen and oxygen- Rhizobium sp. can carry out nitrogen fixation to form nitrate

and legumes plants will use it / nitfate- This is one part of the Nitrogen cycle.

111

I

1

I

1

I

4

Any 10,minimum 3from each

group.

Saprophytism between fungus and dead plant- fungus decay the dead plant / breakdown the complex

chemical substances into simple substances from deadplant

- can return the mineral e.g calcium, ferum and others to thesoil

- other plants can used it

1

1

1Total- 10marks

9b LoggingA - uncontrolled logging can cause destruction of the habitatE - also can caused the'extinction of flora and fauna

- destroy the water catchments-area, so it disturb the fresh watersupply

- can caused the muddy flood, flash flood, soil erosion andglobalwarming

P - So the logging activities should be planned to avoid thoseeffect

- Planned logging can be done by replanting, logging at thecertain area which contain only old timber tree.

Motor vehiclesA - can caused air pollution because the smoke contain Plumbum,

carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide,E - carbon monoxide can caused death if inhaled in large amount,

because it reduced the ability of oxygen transportation by redblood cells

- Plumbum can cause cancer- Carbon dioxide and heat from the smoke, it will increase the

world temperature, so it can cause globalwarmingP - So using of motor vehicle can be reduce by using car pool,

use the public transportation, and filter the smoke released

Open burningA - can cause hazardE - it will decrease the distance of vision

- can increases the health problem related with lung andrespiratory tract

P - So it can be reduce by avoid the open burning, or burn thegarbage in the specific place (in close area)/ incinerator

Farming and AgricultureA - farmer used chemical fertilizer, it can caused eutrophicationE - can cause extinction of flora and faunaP - use organic fertilizer to increase the fertility of the soil

OR

use pesticide to killthe pest, it can cdused air pollution andwater pollutioncan cause extinction of flora and faunause biological control to control the population of pest

EP

11I

1

1

1

1

1

11

1

111

1

II

11

l1II rl1

At least 3marks for

eachactivity

1-exampleof activity(A)1-effect ofthe activity(E)1-how toprevent it(P)

I rotattoI marks

TOTAL 20 MARKS

I

\l

ANSWERS -Ql : GROWTHRATE OFPLANT

No. Mark Scheme Score1(a)

Soil Lengtn, cm

Sandy 1.4

Clay 7.0

Silty 8.8

Loamy 11.0

Able to record all 4 readings conectly.

Sample answer

Able to record any 3 readings correctly 2

Able to record any 2 readings correctly 4I

None of the above or no response 0(bXDAble to state 2 different observations correctly.

Samole answer

1. The length of the root in sandy soil is 1.4 cm]

2. The length of the root in clay soil is 7.0 cm.

3. The length of the root in silty soil is 8.8 cm.

4. The length of the root in loamy soil is 11.0 cm.

5. The length of the root in loamy'soil is longer than in sandy

soil

Able to state 1 observations corectly and 1 inaccurate

observation.

Sample answer (lnaccurate) - No Value of lenoth

1. The length of the root in sandy soil is short.

2. The,length of the root in loamy soil is long.

3. The length of the root in loamy soil is the longest

Able to state 2 inaccurate observations OR 1 i inaccurate

observation and I observation at idea level.

Samole answer (ldea level)

1. In sandy soil is short.

2. ln loamy soil is long.

None of the above or no response

(bxii)Able to make 2 inferences correctly.

Note : Inferences must match to observation.

Sample answer

1. Because the growth rate of the root is low i slow / reduce /

decrease

2. Because the growth rate of the root is high / fast / increase

3. Because the groMh rate of the root is higher in loamy soil

than in sandy soil.

3

?

Able to state 1 inference correctly and 1 inaccurate inferenoe.

Sample answer (l naccurate)

1. . Because the growth rate of the root is lower.

2. Because the growth rate of the root is highen

3. Because the growth rate of the in loamy soil is the highest.

nUte to state 2 inaccurate inferences OR 1 inaccurate inference

and I inference at idea level.

Sample answer (ldea)

1. Because the growth is low.

2. Because the growth is high.

None of the above or no response 0

(c) Able to state all 3 variables and the 3 methods to handle the

variable.

Sample answer: - '

Variable Method to handle the variable

Manipulated

variable

Type of soil //

Colour of the soil

Use different type of soil in the experiment

such as loamy soil. Clay soil, silty soil and

sandy soil//

Use soils with different colours such as

black, dark gray, brownish and yellowish

Resoondino

Variable

The length of the

root ll

GroMh rate

Measure and record the [ength of the root

by using aruler ll

Calculate and record the growth rate using

formula

Growth rate = lenqth of the root

Time

Constant variable

Type of bean /

seed //

Volume of water //

Mass of soil //

ilme

Use the same type of bean I redbean ll

Use the same volume of water that is Sml //

Use the same mass of soil that is 3009 //

Fix the time within 3 daysI Allcorrects

Able to state any 4-5 correct 2

Able to state 2-3 correct .*1

No response/ 1 response or incorrect response 0

iI

i

i.

| {"tI t !t .J

No. Mark Scheme Score

(d) Able to state a hypothesis relating the manipulated variable and

the responding variable correctly with the following aspects:

P 1- manipulated variable

P2 - responding variable

P3 - relationship between P1 and P2

Samole answer:

1. The darker the colour of the soil, the longer the length of the

root.

2. The higher the level of soil fertility, the higher the growth rate of

the root. 3

Able to state a hypothesis relating the manipulated variable and

the responding variable inaccurately

Sample answer (inaccurately)

1.The length of the root affected / influenced by the type of the soil.

2. The growth rate of the root affected / influencdd by the colour

of the soil. 2

Able to state a hypothesis relating the manipulated variable and

the responding variable at idea level.

Sample answer (idea level)

1. The root is affected by the type of the soil / the colour of the soil 1None of the above or no response 0

(eXi) Able to construct a table correctly with the following aspects:

1. Titles with correct unit2. Record allthe data correctly3. Calculate and record the growth rate

Sample answer:

Type of soil Length ofthe root / cm Growth rate of the

root / cm day'r

Sandy 1.4 0.47

Clay 7.0 2.33

Silty 8.8 2.93

Loamy I 1.0 3.67

1 markl mark1 mark

=J

Any 2 correct aspects 2

Any 1 correct aspect 1

None of the above or no response 0(eXii) Able to draw a bar chart correctly with the following aspects

P - Correct titles with unit on both horizontal and vertical axis

(and uniform scale)

T - All points plotted correctly as in the table

B - Able to draw all bars

1 mark

1 mark

1 mark

Alt3aspectscorrect

= 3 marksf il l

Any 2 aspects correct 2

Any 1 aspect conect

't No table ) bar chart= 0

1

None of the above or no resPonse 0

(0 Able to interpret data conectly and explain with the following

aspects

Relationship:

Pl - Able to state the relationship between manipulated

variable and responding variable correctly

Explanation:

P2 - Able to state ' because the cells divide actively by mitosis'

P3 - Able to state 'the growth rate increases'

Samole answer:

The. darker the colour of the soil, the longer the length of the

root because the cells divide actively by mitosis and the growth

rate increases 3

1 mark

1 mark

1 mark

Able to interpret data correctly with 2 aspects 2

Able to interpret data correctly with 1 aspects 1


(g) Able to define operationally based on the result of the experiment

with the following aspects:

P1 - The length of the root

P2 - Using red bean

P3 - In different type of soil

Sample answer:

GroMh is the length of the root of the red bean in different types of

soil.3

Able to define operationally based on the result of the experiment

with 2 correct aspects.

2

Able to define operationally based on the result of the experiment

with 1 correct aspects

1


l . \

l-J.-

(h) Able to predict and explain the outcome of the experiment conectly

with the following aspects:

Prediction :

The length of the root will increase

More than 11.0 cm

Explanation:

Because the soil is more fertile 3

Able to predict and explain the outcome of the experiment correctlywith 2 aspec{s conectly.

2

Able to predict and explain the outcome of the experiment corectly

with 2 aspects conectly.

1

None of the above or no response 0(r)

conectly.

Samole answen

Sigmoid curve Series of steps curve

e Tilapia

o Maize plant

. Paddy plant

. Grasshopper

. Cockroach

3

3 - 4 organisms and parameters correct 21 - 2 organisms and parameters correct 1


r3

ANSWERS - Q2 : EFFECT OF TSA/V RATIO ON THE RATE OF DIFFUSION OF SUBSTANCES

Construct Sample answer Note on scoring

1. Objective To determine/study/investigate the effect of total

surface area to volume (TSA/V) ratio on the rate of

diffusion of substances. tick

2. Problem

Statement

Able to relate P1, P2 and H in a question form.

Sample answer:

1. How does the TSA/V ratio affect the rate of

diffusion of the substances?

2. What is the effect of TSAA/ ratio on the rate of

diffusion of substances?

1 = Manipulated

variable.

P2 = Responding

variable.

H = How does..?

P1 +P2+H

=!

Sample answer(inaccurate):

1. Does the TSA/V ratio affect the rate of diffusion

of the substances.

2. TSA / ratio affects the rate of diffr-ision of the

substances.

P1+P2, HX=l

Sample answgr(at idea level):

1.What is the TSAA/ rati6 of the potatocube?

P1, P2X, HX=l

Tick

None of the above/No response 03.Hypothesis Able to relate P1, P2 and H

Sample answer:

1. As the TSA/V ratio increases, the rate of

diffusion of the substances increases.

2. The larger the TSA/V ratio, the higher the rate of

diffusion of the substances.

P1 = Man .Var.

P2 = Resp. Var.

H = larger . . .

higher. . .

P1+P2+H=J

Sample answer(inaccurate):

1. TSAA/ ratio affect / influence the rate of diffusion

of the substances.

P1+P2, HX

=l

I\

Sample answer(at idea level):

1. The TSA / ratio increases due to the

size of potato cube.

2. The TSA / ratio affected by the size of potato

cube.

P1, P2X, HX=l

tick

None of the above/No response 04. Variables

Manipulated

Responding

Fixed :

Total surface area to volume (TSA /) ratio of thepotato cube llvolume of potato cubes.

Rate of diffusion ii percentage of coloured area.

Concentration / volume of coloured water// time

taken // type of potato

Allthree variables

must be corect.

tick

5.MaterialsandApparatus

Materials = coloured water, potato and filterpaper/tissue paper

Apparatus = knife I Razor blade, white tlles, forceps,

stopwatch and grided transparency sheet, beaker

3M+5App=3

3M+4App=2

2M+2/34pp=

tick

6. Technique Measure and record the coloured area of cut

surface usi ng a,grided transparency.

OR

Calculate and recordthe rate of diffusion using a

formula.

Rate of = Percentaqe of coloured area (yo)diffusion time taken (min)

81 =1

tick7. Procedure K7-Preparation of materials & apparatus

(At least 3K1)

- Potato are cut into four cubes which is1 cm3, 8 cm3,27 cm3 and 64 cm3.

- Place each potato cube in a beaker containingcoloured water for 20 minutes.

- After 20 minutes, the potato cubes are cut intotwo halves.

- Tabulate alldata.

K2 - Operatino Fixed Variable

(At least one K2)

- Volume or concentration of coloured watermentioned and fixed in the experiment.

- Time for experiment mentioned and fixed.

All 5K = 3m

3-4K=2m

2Konly=16

1K=0m

t5

K3 - Operatinq Respondino Variable

(At least one K3)

- Draw and shade the coloured area on thegrided tra.nsparency.

- Measure / estimate coloured area in each -potato cube using a grided transpareniy.

- Calculate the percentage of coloured area ineach potato cube.

K4 - Operatino Manipulated Variable

- Use different size of potato cubes such as 1cm3, 8 cm3,27 cm3 and 64 cm3.

K5 - Precaution / Accuracv of experiment

- Th" "rter

r,,,f""" "f

the potato cubesare dried using filter paper.

- Colour water must covered all the oubes /potato cubes are totally immerse in the colouredwater.

* Refer to 'Sample Procedure' At feast 1K= tick

8. Recordingdata

( Results )

Able to construct a table to record all dqta with thefollowing aspects :

. 3 titles with correct units ( where concern )

r No data is required

r Refer to.'Sample Results'

B.2=1

tick

9. Conclusion Restate the positive hypothesis followed by

"hypothesis is accePted". tick

Planning of

experiment

7-9t icks=3m

4-6t icks=2m

1-3t icks=1m

Samole Procedure :

1. Potato is cut into cubes which is 1 cm3, 8 cm3' 27 cm3 and 64 cm3.

2. Each potato cubes is placed in a beaker containing coloured water for 20'minutes.

3. After.20 minutes, the potato cubes are cut into two halves.

4. The outer surface ofthe potato cubes are dried using filter paper.

5. The transparency sheet is placed on the top of cut surface.

6. The area that is stained red is drawn and shaded on the grided transparency.

7. Coloured area in each potato cubes is measured / estimated by using a grided transparency.

8. The percentage ofcoloured area in each potato cube is calculated and recorded.

Sample Results :

Size of cubes/ cm3

Percentage ofcoloured area I o/o

Hate ot drltustonof potato cube / %min{

182764

u{J'lh

/ i )lv

trial perak spm biologi 2009

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