trauma maksilo fascial.ppt

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    Maxillo-Facial Injuries

    dr. Andriana Purnama, MM. SpB-KBD. FINACS

    Sub Baian Beda! Dies"i# FK$P%&S'S

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    (bjec"i)es

    Ana"omi

    Iden"i#i*asi +anuan Aira

    Mene"a!ui e*ni* Menjaa Aira denan

    Kon"rol Cer)ical

    Mene"a!ui Perna#asan an Ade*ua"

    inda*an Kon"rol Perdara!an inda*an Semen"ara dan inda*an De#ini"i#

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    Anatomi

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    Anatomi

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    Klasifikasi Fraktur

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    Dental Occlusion

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    Penyebab trauma tersering

    Kecelakaan Lalu Lintas

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    Aira (bs"ruc"ion

    Coma

    Aspira"ion

    Maxillo#acial

    "rauma Nec* "rauma

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    Pemeriksaan Awal

    (Primary Survey)

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    Primary Survey !esuscitation

    Airway an" cervical s#ine control

    $reat%ing

    &irculation an" %emorr%age control Dysfunction of t%e central nervous system

    '#osure an" environmental control

    Secon"ary Survey

    Definitive &are

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    Airway &*s#ine control

    &uriga ce"era c*s#ine+

    ,trauma "iatas klavikula

    ,benturan kece#atan tinggi

    $ila #asien "itanya

    ,men-awab "g baik+ Airway baik.

    ,ti"ak men-awab+ keluarkan ben"a asing,a#neu+ ventilasi "g bag*valve mask

    Angkat "agu/ "orong ra%ang ke "e#an

    Primary Survey & Resuscitation

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    Menjaa Aira

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    De#ini"i)e Aira

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    Surical Aira

    Indica"ions/Inabili" "o in"uba"e "rac!ea

    Maxillo#acial "rauma

    Nec* injur Me"!ods

    Needle crico"!roido"om i"! je"

    insu##la"ion Surical crico"!roido"om

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    Iden"i#i*asi +anuan Aira

    0i!a"

    +elisa! % Diam "a* berera*

    &e"ra*si perna#asan

    De#ormi"as

    Aira debris

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    Iden"i#i*asi +anuan Aira

    Denar*an

    Bicara Normal 1 ida* ada (bs"ru*si

    Perna#asan adu! 1 (bs"ru*si

    +urle

    S"ridor 'oarseness

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    Iden"i#i*asi +anuan Aira

    Palpasi

    Maxillo#acial % larneal Krepi"asi

    rac!eal de)ia"ion

    'ema"oma

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    $reat%ing

    Penyebab tersering gangguan ventilasi

    ,$ilateral

    Obstruksi saluran nafas atas

    Kebocoran antara wa-a% "g mask

    ,0nilateral

    1ntubasi bronkus cabang kanan

    Pneumotoraks

    2ematotoraks

    $en"a asing "i bronkus

    Kontusio #aru

    Primary Survey & Resuscitation

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    Perna#asan ida* Ade*ua"

    0i!a" Canosis

    in men"al s"a"us C!es" asmme"r ac!pnea

    Nec* )ein dis"en"ion Paralsis

    Denar*an

    2I can3" brea"!e 45

    S"ridor, !ee6es

    or absen" brea"!

    sounds

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    Perna#asan ida* Ade*ua"

    Palpasi

    Sub7. emp!sema

    C!es" all

    crepi"us % "enderness

    rac!eal de)ia"ion

    Penunjan

    Pulse oxime"er

    C(8de"ec"or

    AB+s

    C!es" x-ra

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    &irculation %emorr%age

    control 3an"a*tan"a S%ock

    !es#irasi4menit

    Denyut -antung4menit

    3ekanan "ara%

    3ekanan na"i

    Kulit #ucat

    Pengisian ka#iler

    Pro"uksi urine

    Kesa"aran

    3era#i

    , 1nfus cairan !L 5 liter

    , $ila #erlu 5 -alur

    , $ila #erlu 6ena seksi

    , $ila #erlu v femoralis

    7onitoring ketat

    , Setela% 5 liter !L

    membaik

    mula membaik/ kemu"ian

    memburuk

    terus memburuk

    Primary Survey & Resuscitation

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    Dysfunction of

    &entral 8ervous System

    3ingkat kesa"aran "a#at "inilai "engan

    sistim A6P0

    ,A9 Alert (Siaga)

    ,69 !es#orts to 6oice (7en-awab #ertanyaan),P9 !es#on"s to Pain ($ereaksi t%" nyeri)

    ,09 0nconscious (ti"ak sa"ar)

    Primary Survey & Resuscitation

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    '#osure

    Seluru% #rimary survey tela% "ilakukan

    Selimuti #asien "g selimut/ ruangan %arus

    cuku# %angat 7onitoring teta# ketat

    1nformasi untuk keluarga

    Primary Survey & Resuscitation

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    Secon"ary Survey

    3u-uan Secon"ary Survey

    ,7emeriksa #asien "ari ke#ala sam#ai kaki/

    "e#an "an belakang,Pengambilan riwayat #enyakit yg lengka#

    ,7enggabungkan seluru% %asil #emeriksaan

    klinis/ laboratorium/ "an ra"iologis

    ,7embuat rencana #engelolaan selan-utnya

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    Pemeriksaan Ke#ala

    Ke#ala+ laserasi/ e"ema/ luka/ fraktur

    Kea"aan neurologis+ :lasgow &oma Scale

    $asis kranii+ %ematom

    7ata+ #er"ara%an/ ben"a asing/ refleks

    ;a-a%+ asimetri/ "eformitas/ nyeri

    Secondary Survey

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    Pemeriksaan Le%er

    Pasien "iangga# fraktur cervikal sam#ai

    terbukti ti"ak a"a

    ,1mobilisasi le%er,!aba #rocesus s#inosus

    ,Pasien sa"ar+ nyeri