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  • 8/20/2019 SKEMA JAWAPAN KERTAS 2.doc

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    SKEMA JAWAPAN KERTAS 2

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    TOTAL : 12

    TOTAL : 12

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    SECTION A

    3

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    Question

    No

    Marking Criteria Marks Total for

    eac ite!

    Re!arks

    1(a) (i) S : Chloroplast

    T : Nucleus

     U : Vacuole V : Golgy apparatus Golgy !o"y

    1

    1

    11 #a$ 3

    3% & correct

    ' 3 ars

     1% 2 correct

    ' 2 ars

    1(a)(ii) S : Co*tai*s chlorophyll +hich a!sor!s

    su*light ,or photosy*thesis T : Co*tai*s ge*etic aterial i* the ,or o,

    chroosoes +hich co*trols the acti-ities

      o, the cells.

    1

    1 #a$ 2

    1(!) Vacuole U pushes the cytoplas a*" presses

    the plasa e!ra*e agai*st the cell +all

    1

    1 #a$ 2

    1 (c) /* a*ial cells0 -acuoleU is sall or a!se*t0 !ut i* pla*t cells0 -acuoleU is large 1 #a$ 1

    1 (")(i) %itocho*"rio* 1

    #a$ 1

    1(") (ii) #eristeetic cells i* root tipsshoot tips 1 #a$ 1

    1 (") (iii) #eristeetic cellsthese cells u*"ergo itosis 1 #a$ 1

    Total  ""

    2(a) Su!strate 1

    1

    2(!) 1 % e*4yes spee" up the rate o, !iocheical

      reactio*2%o*ly a sall aou*t o, e*4ye is *ee"e"3 %e*4yes ca* !e reuse"*ot use" up*ot

    "estroye" i* the reactio* they catalyse

    &%e*4yes catalyse re-ersi!le reactio*s5%a*y e*4yes are a!le to +or i* the

     prese*ce o, coe*4yeco,actor 

    6%e*4yes are a,,ecte" !y cha*ges o,teperaturep7

    1

    11

    11

    1

    A*y t+oa*s+ers.

    #a$ 2

    8*4yes are

    speci,ic: *otaccepte"

    2c(i)

    &

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    1

    1

    1

    3 a$

    2c(ii) Loc%e*4ye9ey %su!strate

    11 2

    2"(i) Col" +ater has lo+ teperature

    8*4ye is *ot acti-e i* col" +ater 

    1

    1

    5

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    8*4ye is acti-e at 3%&;

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    &(a)(ii) A!le to e$plai* the situatio*

    Saple a*s+ers: @ The cell e$pa*" a*" rupture"

    81% Sali*e solutio* is hiperto*ic to the cell

    sap

    82% ater o-es out through ososis

    1

    1

    1

    2

    /, se*te*ce is

    +ater o-eoutB0

    ust ha-e

    through

    ososis.

    &(!)(i) A!le to e$plai* +hat happe* to the cell

    Saple a*s+ers :

    • The cell !urst haeolysis 1 1

    Spelli*g o,

    haeolysis

    ust !e corre

    &(!)(ii) A!le to gi-e the reaso* ,or the e$pla*atio*:

    Saple a*s+ers:: The cell e$pa*" a*" rupture

    81: The solutio* is hypoto*ic to the cell

    82: ater e*tere" the cell through

    ososis+ater "i,,uses i*to cell

    1

    1

    2

    #ust ha-e

    throughososis.

    &(c) A!le to e$plai* +hat happe* to the o*io* cell.

    Saple a*s+ers:: the cell !ecoe ,lacci"

    81: Sali*e solutio* is hyperto*ic to the cell

    sap

    82: ater o-es out ,ro the cytoplasthrough ososis

    83:causi*g the plasa e!ra*e to shri*

    1

    1

    1

    1

    a$ 3

    #ust ha-e

    through

    ososis

    &(") A!le to e$plai* step 1 a*" step 2

    Saple a*s+ers :

    Step 1• co*ce*trate" sali*e solutio* is hyperto*ic to

    the cell

    • +ater o-es out ,ro the cell through

    ososis salt e*ter 

      the cell through ,acilitate" "i,,usio* acti-e

    tra*sport.

    Step 2

    • e$cess +ater e-aporate" ,ro the cell the

    ,ish "rie"

      (u*"er the su*)

    1

    1

    1

    #a$ 3

    Step 1:

    #ust ha-e

    % throughososis

    % through,acilitate"

    "i,,usio*acti-etra*sport

    Step 2:% Ca* accept i

    +ithout u*"e

    the su*

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    • icroorga*iss ca**ot sur-i-e li-e i* "ry

    co*"itio* "ecopositio* process (!yicroorga*iss) ca**ot tae

      place.

    1 % ca* accept i,

    +ithout !yicroorga*i

    Total "2

    5(a) A!le to *ae the orga*sSaple a*s+ers:

    > : Stoach

    : Li-er = : >a*creas

    S : Large i*testi*e Colo*

    2

    3% & correct' 2ars

     1% 2 correct' 1ars

    Spelli*g ust !e correct

    5(!) A!le to state the ,u*ctio*s o, orga*s = a*" S

    Saple a*s+ers:

    = : Secretes pa*creatic uice  +hich co*tai*s e*4yes

      (,or "igestio* o, ,oo")   Secretes aylase 0 trypsi*

    a*" lipase

     S : A!sor!s +ater a*" i*eral

    1

    1

    2

    B ea*s

    a*other

    accepte"a*s+er 

    Ca* accept i,

    +ithout (,or

    "igestio* o,,oo")

    5(c) A!le to *ae the e*4yes release" !y >

    >epsi* a*" =e*i* 1

    1

    Spelli*g ust !e correct

    #ust ha-e !o

    5 (") A!le to e$plai* ho+ the ileu carry out its,u*ctio*s

    Saple a*s+ers:

     1 % The +all o, ileu has  a*y proectio*s -illus

      (to a!sor! the pro"ucts o, 

      "igestio*)

     81 % /*creases the sur,ace area  ,or a!sorptio* o, pro"uct

      o, "igestio*

    OR 

     2 % Lo*g ileu

     82 % /*creases the sur,ace

      area ,or a!sorptio* o,

    1

    1

    1

    A*y 2

    a*s+ers

    2

    A*y +ith 8' 1ar 

    D

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      pro"uct o, "igestio*

    OR 

     3 % 8phiteliu o, ileu is

      o*e cell thic

    83 % To allo+ Euic a!sorptio*

      o, pro"uct o, "igestio*

    1

    5 (e) A!le to e$plai* +hy her!i-ores are a!le to

    "igest pla*ts

    Saple a*s+ers: % Secrete cellulase e*4ye to

      "igest cellulose (i*to glucose)

    8 % /* the "igesti-e syste o, 

      her!i-ores0 there are  sy!iotic !acteria proto4oa

    1

    1

    2

    Ca* accept i,

    +ithout (i*to

    glucose)

    5 (,) A!le to e$plai* ho+ the !oy?s !loce" !ile"uct coul" a,,ect his "igesti-e process

    Saple a*s+ers: % The !ile is u*a!le to ,lo+

      to the "uo"e*u

    81% at ca**ot !e eulsi,ie"

      !roe* i*to ti*y "roplets82% Figestio* o, ,at is slo+er 

      OR

    83%U*a!le to pro-i"e the  alali*e co*"itio* i* the  "uo"e*u

    8& %The pa*creatic e*4yes 8$aples

    o, e*4yes are u*a!le to ,u*ctio*optially

    1

    1

    1

    1

    1

    3

    +ith a*y pacage o,

    81082 or 8308' 3 ars

     No 0

    +ith 81082088&

     ' 2 ars a

    Total "2

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    >hospholipi" !ilayer 

    6(a)

    Structure o, plasa e!ra*e

    1 >lasa e!ra*e is copose" o,

     phospholipi" a*" protei*

    2 >hospholipi" olecule has (polar) hea"+hich is hy"rophilic

    3 a*" (*o*%polar) tail +hich is hy"ropho!ic

    & >hospholipi" !ilayers are *ot rigi" or

    static !ut ,or a "y*aic ,le$i!lestructure (that is al+ays cha*gi*g)

    5 Various types o, protei*s are partiallyattache" or +holly e!e""e" i* the

    e!ra*e

    6 The protei* olecules ,loat a!out i* the phospholipi" !ilayer to ,or a osaic

     patter* that is al+ays cha*gi*g (H,lui"?

    characteristic)

    7as pore protei* a*" carrier protei*

    D Co*tai*s cholesterol (+hich li*s the ,atty

    aci"s together)

     

    Cholesterol helps to sta!ili4e stre*gthe*

    the plasa e!ra*e (a*" ae it ore,le$i!le)

    1; Car!ohy"rate chai* >olysacchari"e

    chai* attache" to the sur,ace Glycoprotei* Glycolipi" ca* !e ,ou*" i*

    the plasa e!ra*e

    1

    1

    1

    1

    1

    1

      1

    1

    1

    1

    1;

    ith ,igure

    o*ly

    ' 5 ars a

    Ca* accept+ithout (polar

    Ca* accept+ithout *o*

     polar 

    Ca* accept

    +ithout (that

    al+ays

    cha*gi*g)

    Carrier protei*

     

    Glycoprotei*

    >ore protei*

    1;

    cholesterol

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    Total "#!

    6(!)(i) Fiagra 6.1:1% The soil solutio* is hypoto*ic to the cell

    sap o, the pla*t

    2% ater "i,,uses i*to the cell !y ososis

    3% Si4e o, cells i*crease&% (Vacuole e$pa*") causi*g cytoplas to

     press out+ar"s agai*st the cell +all

    Create turgor pressure5% The cells !ecoe turgi"0 supporti*g the

     pla*t upright 

    Fiagra 6.2:

    1 %8$cess ,ertili4ers "issol-es i* soil +ater.

    2% Causes the soil solutio* to !ecoe

    hyperto*ic to the cell sap o, the roots3 %ater "i,,uses out o, the roots cells to the

    soil (!y ososis)

    &% This cause the cells to !ecoe ,lacci"  plasolyse"

    5% causi*g the pla*t to +ilt.

    1

    1

    11

    1

    1

    1

    1

    1

    1

    A*y 3

    a$ 3

    A*y &

    a$ &

    #ust ha-e !yososis

    Ca* accept i,+ithout -acuo

    e$pa*"

    6(!)(ii)  1 %The soil solutio* !ecoes hypoto*ic

    (agai* ) copare" to the cell sap o, theroots.

    2% ater "i,,uses i*to the cell sap o, the

    root !y ososis.3% The cell "eplasolise" a*" (!ecoes

    turgi")&% The pla*t !ecoes upright agai* 

    1

    1

    1

    1

    A*y 3

    a$ 3

    #ust ha-e !y

    ososisCa* accept i,

    +ithout

     !ecoes turg

    Total "#!

    (a)(i) 1%!loo" glucose is use" !y cells to pro"uce 1

    11

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    e*ergy i* cell respiratio*

    81%e$cess glucose is co*-erte" to glycoge*

    a*" store" i* the li-er 

    82% the li-er co*-ert the glycoge* !ac toglucose +he* the !loo" glucose le-el is lo+

    1

    1

    Total'3

    Total $!

    (a)(ii) 1% ai*o aci"s are use" to ae protei*s

    e*4yes uscle cells i*corporate i*to cell

    cytoplas a*" cell e!ra*e

    81%ai*o aci"s are use" i* cell gro+th a*"

    cell repairs

    82% 8$cess ai*o aci"s ca**ot !e store"0 !utare elii*ate" i* the li-er 

    83%e$cess ai*o aci"s ay !e co*-erte" i*to

    ,ats a*" store" i* the a"ipose tissue.

    1

    1

    1

    1

    Total'&

    Total %!

    (a)(iii) 1%Lipi"s are use" i* !uil"i*g the plasa

    e!ra*e a*" other cellular structures.

    81%8$cess lipi"s are store" i* the

    su!cuta*eous a"ipose tissue as e*ergy reser-e,or the !o"y

    82%Lipi"s are co*-erte" !ac to ,atty aci"s

    a*" glycerol ,or cell respiratio* oreta!oli4e" to other su!sta*ces.

    1

    1

    1

    Total'3

    Total $!

    (!)(i) 1% D3;; I1;;g 2 Total'2 ithout u*it'

    ar 

    Total 2!

    (!)(ii) 1% Lea* >a To*ggol +ill "e-elop

    al*utritio* co*"itio*.

    1 1

    81% the e*ergy gai*e" is less tha* reEuire" this

    +ill lea" to ,atigue

    1

    12

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    82%the ,i!re issi*g ,ro the "iet +hich ca*

    lea" to co*stipatio*ris o, i*testi*e a*" colo*ca*cers

    82% lac i* the -itai* C +hich +ill lea" to

    scur-y!lee"i*g gus a*" i*ter*al orga*s

    83% lac i* the -itai* J(,olic aci") +hich+ill lea" to iscarriage0 !irth "e,ects such as

    spi*a !i,i"a0 cle,t lip a*" li! "e,ects o,

     !a!ies i, she get arrie" i* the later year0

     8&%Lac i* -itai* 8 +hich ca* cause

    ,atigue0 +ou*" heal slo+ly0 preature agi*g

    a*" lo+ ,ertility.

    1

    1

    1

    1

    #as'3

    2% eati*g chips +hich is high i* salt

     preser-ati-es.

    81%high salts i*taes ca* lea"s to high !loo"

     pressure e$pose the "igesti-e systes to the

    ris o, ca*cer.

    2%eati*g chocolate +hich is high co*tai* i*

    sugar 

    81%high co*tai* o, sugar +ill lea" to "e*talcarries"ia!etes

    1

    1

    1

    1

    Total'&

     

    Total &!

     

    13